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Branches of the Maxillary Artery of the Dromedary, Camelus Dromedarius

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Branches of the Maxillary Artery of the Dromedary, Camelus Dromedarius Table 3.5: Branches of the Maxillary Artery of the Dromedary, Camelus dromedarius Artery Origin Course Distribution Departs from common trunk with the deep temporal vessels, close to mandibular foramen; traverses mandibular canal, supplying Mandibular dentition; lower lip; Inferior Alveolar Maxillary Artery mandibular dentition. Terminates as mental anastomoses freely with ventral ramus artery after exiting at mental foramen, of the facial artery. whereupon supplies skin, mucosa, and muscle of the lower lip. Single deep temporal vessel is first major dorsal branch of the MA; ascends deep to the coronoid Deep Temporal Maxillary Artery Temporalis muscle process and fans out on the deep surface of the temporalis muscle. Lower lateral branch of deep temporal artery; passes through the mandibular incisure and Masseteric Deep Temporal Artery Masseter muscle curves rostrally to pierce the internal surface of the masseter muscle. Proximal to the foramen orbitorotundum and optic foramen, numerous rami anastomotica connect the maxillary artery to the carotid rete. Carotid rete, ophthalmic rete, external Ramus anastomoticus Maxillary Artery The network in the dromedary is extensive, ophthalmic artery; intracranial cavity forming a plexus between the carotid and ophthalmic retia, and giving rise to the external ophthalmic artery. Condenses from a dense retial mat (composed of maxillary rami, the extradural/extracranial portion of the carotid rete, and the ophthalmic Extraocular muscles, periorbita, External Ophthalmic MA/CR/OR rete). Perfuses the majority of the periorbita, lacrimal gland including branches to the extraocular muscles and the lacrimal gland Lateral branch of the MA, begins opposite the rami anastomotica; traverses parenchyma orbital Supplies the buccal fat pad, Buccal MA fossa, between malar and anterior border of buccinator; contributes ventral coronoid process. Dorsal branch supplies lower palpebral artery eyelid Short, extensive/dendritic medial/ventral coursing vessels as the MA traverses the Pterygoid muscles and medullary Pterygoid Branches MA superficial surface of the pterygoid muscles; cavity of pterygoid bone small terminal branch enters foramen on posterior surface of pterygoid Lateral division of the anterior terminal branches of maxillary; MA bifurcates into palatine and IOA near common orbital tendinous ring; Lateral facial region; extensive courses ventral to periorbita with few branches; Infra-Orbital Maxillary Artery anastomoses with branches of the dorsal nasal departs prior to entry of parent facial artery artery into IO canal; courses through IO canal, exits facial IO foramen and branches extensively in lateral nasal/superior labial region Highly anastomotic; also supplied by (Caudal) Lateral Tortuous, small dorsal branch from the the dorsal rami facialis and rostral Infraorbital Artery Nasal infraorbital continuation of the lacrimal and palpebral vessels No single, discrete vessel supplies the upper lip. Inferolateral fleshy nasal vestibule; A large anastomotic network from the lateral mucosa, epithelium, and muscles of Maxillary Labial Infraorbital Artery nasal region (largely consisting of the dorsal the upper lip.; rami to angularis oculi rami facialis and the infraorbital artery) supply and angularis oris m.'s the lip with a variable number of branches. Prior to entering the orbital portion of the infraorbital canal, parent artery gives off tortuous malar artery, which continues as the dorsal nasal Malar Maxillary Artery Caudal, dorsal nasal region a.; dorsal nasal follows anterior margin of orbit, contacting lacrimal bone, leaves orbit via notch near lacrimal fossa Prior to entering the orbital portion of the infraorbital canal, parent artery gives off tortuous malar artery, which continues as the dorsal nasal Dorsal Nasal Malar Artery Caudal, dorsal nasal region a.; dorsal nasal follows anterior margin of orbit, contacting lacrimal bone, leaves orbit via notch near lacrimal fossa Rostromedial terminal branch of the maxillary artery; after the MA enters the pterygopalatine fossa, it divides into the descending palatine medially and the infraorbital laterally. After a Internal nasal mucosa and hard/soft Descending Palatine MA short course, the descending palatine divides into palate the sphenopalatine, which courses through the pterygopalatine fossa to supply the nasal cavity with septal, lateral, and caudal nasal arteries; the lesser palatine, which supplies the soft palate. Lateral branch of the descending palatine; Nasal septum, lateral and caudal nasal Sphenopalatine Descending Palatine courses through the pterygopalatine fossa to arteries to mucosa of nasal floor and enter the nasal cavity. caudal portion of conchae Soft palate; majority of soft palate is Lesser Palatine Descending Palatine Short course between the molar and palate supplied by a. palatina ascendens .
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