he debate over whether an undergraduate degree from an English university repre- Price plan: Annual tuition fee data for full-time courses at UK institutions, 2016-17 sents good value for money has been T Institution Undergrad uate UK/EU (£) Undergraduate overseas (£) Postgraduate Postgraduate taught overseas (£) MBA (£) raging ever since the tuition fee cap was trebled taught UK/EU to £9,000 in 2012. (£) After the UK’s vote to leave the European Standard Rest of UK Classroom Laboratory Clinical Classroom Laboratory Clinical UK/EU Overseas Union, however, students from the Continent are likely to face an even starker question: 0 9,000 13,800 17,200 28,600 4,500-7,100 13,800-17,200 13,800-17,200 – 17,200 17,200 does a British undergraduate degree represent 0 7,500 11,500 12,500-13,500 – 6,500 11,500 12,500-13,500 – – – good value at more than £13,000 a year 3,900 9,000 13,000 14,500 – 5,700 13,750 15,000 – – – – or, in the case of clinical subjects, in excess 9,000 – 11,000-11,500 11,500-12,500 – 6,100-7,100 11,200-11,700 11,700-12,700 12,700-12,900 12,900 12,900 of £24,000? Arts University Bournemouth 9,000 – 13,995 13,995 – 6,500 14,400 18,000 – – – A survey of tuition fees for the coming 9,000 – 13,800 16,850 – 5,350 13,800 16,850 – 25,550 25,550 academic year, compiled by The Complete 3,900 9,000 11,750 13,300–15,300 – 5,085-8,600 12,250 13,800-18,000 13,800 11,500 14,300-15,500 9,000 – 14,700 18,500 – 6,000-15,500 15,000 19,800 – 33,000 33,000 University Guide and published this week by 9,000 – 11,600 – – 6,595 11,600 – – – – , may add to fears University of Bedfordshire 9,000 – 9,750 9,750 – 4,500 9,900 9,900 – 6,750 11,250 that EU students will vote with their feet and Birkbeck, 9,000 – 13,000 13,000 – 7,950 14,450 14,450 – – – go elsewhere post-Brexit, with significant 9,000 – 13,860 18,000 32,580 6,570 14,850 18,900 – 22,590 22,590 consequences for institutions’ finances, the Birmingham City University 9,000 – 12,000 – – 6,500-7,500 12,000 – – 9,500 14,500 viability of courses and campus diversity. Bishop Grosseteste University 9,000 – 11,500 – – 4,950 12,500 – – – – “EU students currently have to be treated 9,000 – 11,250 11,250 11,250 9,000 11,250 11,250 11,250 8,500 12,500 exactly as home students [are] in terms of fees 9,000 – 13,500 13,500 – 5,500-9,250 12,500-14,500 12,500-14,500 – 9,750 14,000 and loans. Hence, they are treated advanta- 9,000 – 12,950 15,420 – 5,990 13,540 15,600 – 25,500 25,500 geously compared to an international student 9,000 – 12,420 13,800 28,000 6,030 14,400 – – 14,850 18,000 9,000 – 15,600 18,800 35,000 6,100-13,900 14,500-24,100 17,400-23,700 18,600-37,500 – – paying higher fees and [ineligible for] govern- Brunel University 9,000 – 14,100 17,200 – 7,300 14,100 17,200 – 21,000 21,000 ment-funded loans,” notes David Palfreyman, University of 12,444 – 17,160 – 35,525 7,480 14,140 – 27,000 9,660 15,860 director of the Oxford Centre for Higher Bucks New University 6,750-9,000 – 9,500 – – 4,300-8,750 9,400 – – 9,500 10,600 Education Policy Studies and co-author of 9,000 – 24,000 32,000 46,000 16,000 25,000 26,000 30,000 49,000 49,000 The Law of Higher Education. But, after the will continue to pay the home rate averaging Canterbury Christ Church University 9,000 – 11,000 11,000 – 4,900-13,120 11,000-21,860 11,000-21,860 12,500-23,000 9,000-15,000 11,000-17,500 UK leaves the EU, “all that ends, except almost just under £9,000 (rising to £9,250 in 3,900 9,000 14,500 18,250 32,250 6,000 14,500 18,250 18,250 12,000 19,500 certainly for a transition period for students 2017‑18) to study at an English university. Cardiff Metropolitan University 3,900 9,000 10,800 10,800 12,000 4,500 12,500 12,500 – 9,000 12,500 who have already started their courses prior But, after that, they will probably be charged University of Central 9,000 – 11,950 12,950 11,950 6,000 12,950 13,450 12,950 11,500 15,500 to the triggering of Article 50 [the EU treaty an international rate that, for a classroom- 9,000 – 10,500 10,500 10,500 4,140-7,020 9,700 9,700 9,700 8,800 10,750 mechanism by which countries can exit the based course, currently stands at an average 5,500-9,000 – 10,620 12,240 – 5,390-10,800 10,620 12,000-14,040 – – – City University London 9,000 – 14,000 14,500 14,500 9,500 15,000 15,000 16,000 39,500 39,500 bloc] – or perhaps up to the point of the of £13,394: up 5.1 per cent year-on-year. Conservatoire for Dance and Drama 9,000 – 17,200 – – 5,825 17,200 – – – – Article 50 negotiations being concluded”. The gap between home and international Courtauld Institute of Art 9,000 – 16,800 – – 7,500-11,916 16,800-20,500 – – – – So, for the time being, EU undergraduates undergraduate fees has grown significantly 9,000 – 11,359 12,418 13,476 5,799 11,280 13,678 17,787-28,111 10,500 14,500 University of 9,000 – 10,500 10,500 10,500 4,590 10,500 – – 10,170 15,500 New seams to mine: Is there gold in the postgraduate market? 9,000 – 11,750 12,250 12,250 4,750 12,200 12,700 12,200 8,250 14,000 9,000 – 11,500 11,500-12,000 11,500 – 12,000 12,000-16,600 12,000-16,300 9,000 13,800 With undergraduate However, the fee levels ter’s fees and they are postgraduate loans is yet 0 *9,000 12,950 15,950 21,300-32,000 4,500 12,950 15,950 22,000 16,800 16,800 fees tightly regulated remain significantly below thinking that they need to emerge. “There are 9,000 – 16,500 20,900 – 6,500 15,700 19,900 – 24,000-25,000 24,000-25,000 and European Union the cost of running a to put them up,” Deem a few institutions that University of East Anglia 9,000 – 14,500 17,850 28,550 7,150 14,500 17,850 14,500 19,500 19,500 recruitment at risk, master’s course, esti- says. And she suspects seem to have gone up University of East London 9,000 – 11,100 11,100 11,100 6,150-9,360 12,100 12,100 12,100 15,000 15,000 9,000 – 11,350 – – 4,680 12,250 – – 10,200 12,750 where might univer- mated to average that the introduction of much more towards the 0 9,000 16,700 21,900 49,600 8,500 17,400 22,500 37,200 27,100 27,100 sities be able to £11,315 by a study pub- the loans “encourages undergraduate fee, but Edinburgh Napier University 0 *9,000 11,840 13,740 – 3,400 12,620 14,690 – 13,620 15,630 increase their income? lished in 2014 by the people in institutions to in general, the average 9,000 – 12,950 14,950 28,853 5,950-9,950 14,500-15,500 14,500-15,500 15,500-16,000 17,500 17,500 One opportunity sug- Higher Education Council think they can afford to fee increase, while it is 9,000 – 15,950 18,550 28,500 6,900 15,950 21,000 – 23,500 23,500 gested by The Complete for England. Rosemary put fees up by a bit more well beyond inflation, 9,000 – 15,000 – – 6,500 15,000 – – 13,500 16,000 University Guide’s survey Deem, vice-principal for than they might otherwise is not a leap straight up 0 *9,000 15,250 18,900 33,950 6,950 15,250 18,900 37,500 15,500 22,950 of fees for the 2016-17 education at Royal Hollo- have done”. to £10,000. There is Glasgow Caledonian University 0 7,000 10,500 – – 5,800 11,000 – – 14,500 14,500 academic year is domes- way, University of London Looking behind the a lot of uncertainty at the Glasgow School of Art 0 9,000 13,800 – – 6,120 – – – – – tic recruitment to taught and chair of the UK average rise, some institu- moment, so that may lead University of Gloucestershire 9,000 – 11,750 11,750 – 4,980 11,950 11,950 – 9,900 13,000 postgraduate courses. Council for Graduate Edu- tions have increased their people to hedge their Goldsmiths, University of London 9,000 – 13,100 16,700 – 6,380 13,100 16,700 – – – Glyndwr University 3,900 9,000 10,500 10,500 – 5,750 10,750 10,750 – 11,000 11,000 The average fee for cation, says that there is home postgraduate taught bets a little,” he says. 9,000 – 11,200 11,200 11,200 8,000 12,100 12,100 12,100 13,500 14,500 home taught postgradu- “increasing concern that fees towards £10,000 at Wakeling also high- Guildhall School of Music and Drama 9,000 – 20,800 – – 9,180 20,800 – – – – ates in 2016-17 is master’s courses at Eng- a particularly significant lights significant variation 9,000 – – 10,200 – 2,700-10,500 – 5,450-17,900 – – – £6,486. This is a 9.6 per lish universities are being rate. For instance, the in domestic taught post- Heriot-Watt University 0 9,000 13,500 17,100 – 5,100 14,400 17,220 – 17,085 17,085 cent rise since 2015-16, subsidised by under- University of Bolton has graduate fees, with the University of Hertfordshire 9,000 – 11,000 11,500 – 6,100 12,000 12,500 – – – and the figure is growing graduate teaching” increased its typical fee highest prices tending to University of the Highlands and Islands 0 8,000 – – 4,680 10,300 – – 4,680 9,360 significantly more rapidly because the average cost from £5,400 in 2015-16 be concentrated in the University of Huddersfield 9,000 – 13,000 14,000 – 4,950 13,000 14,000 – 13,950 13,950 than most other fee cat- of a master’s remains to £9,000 in 2016-17, golden triangle of London, 9,000 – 12,500 15,000 28,000 5,200 12,500 15,000 20,100 19,900 19,900 egories. This is perhaps below the £9,000 under- a rise of 66.7 per cent, Oxford and Cambridge. 9,000 – 24,000 26,000-27,000 37,100 9,000-32,000 15,000-32,000 19,200-31,500 29,700 45,000 45,000 related to the fact that graduate fee. while the University of “If people were following 9,000 – 12,750 15,500 27,000 5,000-7,995 13,260-14,280 13,750 14,590 – – 9,000 – 13,340 15,920 – 5,430 13,340 15,920 – 19,975 19,975 income-­contingent loans “Master’s courses are Leicester imposed a their financial interests, King’s College London 9,000 – 16,250 21,750 37,350 9,000 17,550 21,750 24,750 – – of up to £10,000 are quite expensive to run, 37.1 per cent rise, from they would be going to 9,000 – 11,700 13,000 – 5,600-10,000 12,500-14,500 12,500-14,500 – 18,900 18,900 being introduced this especially if they don’t £5,470 to £7,500. some of those more pro- 9,000 – 14,500 17,470 28,050 6,500 14,750 18,100 – 28,000 28,000 autumn for home and EU have many students, Paul Wakeling, senior vincial universities,” he 9,000 – 15,000 19,000 29,000-31,500 6,000 15,000 19,000 29,000-31,500 25,000 25,000 master’s students, with because you need your lecturer in the depart- says. “Fees at Birming- 9,000 – 9,700 9,700 9,700 4,600-10,300 10,300-13,300 10,300-13,300 10,300-13,300 11,000 11,000 institutions taking the best staff teaching their ment of education at the ham, Sheffield, Leeds and 9,000 – 11,000-12,500 – – 3,500-11,000 11,000-12,000 – – 11,000 12,000 opportunity to raise their own research. People are , says Newcastle are quite a bit 9,000 – 14,630 18,045 33,655 7,500 14,105 17,465 – – 22,640 fees towards that sum. starting to look at mas- that the full impact of lower than in ­London.” 9,000 – 12,800 14,500 – 7,100 13,700 15,700 – 11,300 14,400 9,000 – 13,850 17,350 30,850 5,500 12,600 16,200 – 13,400 18,350

32 Times Higher Education 18 August 2016 18 August 2016 Times Higher Education 33 On the up: Year-on-year changes to tuition fee levels Price plan: Annual tuition fee data for full-time courses at UK institutions, 2015-16 Institution Undergrad uate UK/EU (£) Undergraduate overseas (£) Postgraduate Postgraduate taught overseas (£) MBA (£) 25000 25,000 taught UK/EU (£) 2015 2016 Standard Rest of UK Classroom Laboratory Clinical Classroom Laboratory Clinical UK/EU Overseas 20000 20,000 Liverpool Hope University 9,000 – 10,800 – – 4,500-5,500 10,800 – – 9,800 11,800 Liverpool John Moores University 9,000 – 11,330 12,360 – 4,200-5,000 11,330 12,360 – 10,000 12,360 London Metropolitan University 6,500-9,000 – 10,950 10,950 – 7,280-11,250 7,280-14,400 11,700-14,400 – – – London School of Economics 9,000 – 17,712 – – 9,936-31,608 19,344-31,608 – – – – 15000 15,000 London South Bank University 9,000 – 11,600 11,600 11,600 6,800 11,600 11,600 11,600 14,200 14,200 9,000 – 14,950 18,950 – 6,600 14,950 18,950 – 23,850 23,850 9,000 – 15,500 20,000 35,000 7,700 15,500 20,000 35,000 41,000 41,000 Fee (£) Fee 10,000 Manchester Metropolitan University 9,000 – 11,800 12,650 – 6,030 12,200 13,300 – 17,800 17,800 10000 9,000 – – – – 7,200-13,750 12,250-18,500 – – 14,750 14,750 9,000 – 13,315 17,080 17,080-33,190 5,665 13,315 17,080 28,000 21,000 21,000 Newman University 9,000 – 11,000 – – 5,000 10,400 – – 9,000 11,500 5,000 University of Northampton 9,000 – 10,900 10,900 11,900 6,000 11,900 11,900 11,900 10,080 12,900 5000 9,000 – 12,000 13,000 – 5,450 12,000 13,000 – 14,500 14,500 Norwich University of the Arts 9,000 – 13,000 13,000 – 6,500 13,000 13,000 – – – 9,000 – 14,850 19,120 35,010 6,630 15,140 19,300 19,300 23,000 24,000 UG overseas classroom PG overseas laboratory UG overseas clinical PGT home classroom PGT overseas classroom PGT overseas laboratory PGT overseas clinical MBA home MBA overseas 0 0 Nottingham Trent University 9,000 – 12,600 12,600 – 5,900-9,000 8,400-12,900 12,900 – 15,900 15,900 9,000 – 22,430 29,650 33,938 9,483 20,488 25,448 33,938 50,200 50,200 in recent times, with the latter having risen by It is theoretically possible that continued Oxford Brookes University 9,000 – 12,640 13,460 14,500 5,200-8,670 12,650-13,970 14,070 14,500 10,600-14,850 10,600-14,850 18.6 per cent since 2013, while the cap means eligibility for lower fees and, perhaps, student Plymouth University 9,000 – 12,500 12,500 33,800 5,660 13,250 13,500 – 5,400 5,400 that the former has stayed largely static. loans for EU students could be preserved post- 9,000 – 12,000 13,700 25,400 4,700 12,000 13,700 – 19,200 19,200 For home students, there is little difference in Brexit in return for continued UK access to Queen Margaret University 0 7,000 11,000 12,500 – 4,500 11,500 12,500 – 11,000 13,500 tuition fees between subjects, but this is another the Erasmus+ student mobility programme or Queen Mary University of London 9,000 – 14,100 16,950 30,900 7,950 14,400 16,950 42,050 – – consideration that EU students may have to get EU research funding, for example. But Queen’s University Belfast 3,925 9,000 13,945 17,885 34,830 5,220 14,100 18,100 33,045 19,500 19,500 used to: the average international fee for a Vincenzo Raimo, pro vice- for Ravensbourne 9,000 – 11,500 – – 8,500 13,500 – – – – laboratory subject now stands at £15,034 global engagement at the University of Read- 9,000 – 15,300 18,400 – 7,000 14,900 17,850 – 23,500-37,750 23,500-37,750 while for clinical disciplines, it is £24,169. ing, questions whether it would be justifiable 0 6,750 11,400 13,940 – 4,500 11,400 13,700 – 17,960 17,960 9,000 – 12,500 12,500 12,500 9,800 13,000 13,000 13,000 13,500 15,000 At taught postgraduate level, the gap to treat EU students differently once the UK 9,000 – 21,320 – – 11,120 22,120 – – – – between home and international fees has actu- has left the union. “The idea we would charge Royal Agricultural University 9,000 – 10,000 – – 6,000-10,000 7,000-12,000 – – 12,000 15,000 ally narrowed slightly this year, but the divide somebody from Italy less than somebody from Royal Central School of Speech and Drama, 9,000 – 17,478-19,468 – – 4,432-17,167 5,724 -19,890 – – – – remains stark: the average international fee for Nigeria when the rules have changed just University of London a classroom subject, £13,442, is more than seems odd to me,” he says. 9,000 – 21,500 – – 6,270-12,850 15,500-27,500 – – – – double the average home fee of £6,486. And Then there is the question of what immigra- Royal Conservatoire of Scotland 9,000 15,135 – – 7,896-11,844 15,135-20,400 – – – – the long-term trend is towards a widening gap, tion controls will be applied to EU students Royal Holloway, University of London 9,000 – 13,500 15,200 – 5,700 13,500 14,200 – 20,300 20,300 with home fees for a classroom-based subject post-Brexit. This is unlikely to be known until Royal Northern College of Music 9,000 – 18,500 – – 9,000-10,000 18,500-22,750 – – – – 9,000 – – – 33,000 8,925 8,925 – 22,490 – – having increased by 9.2 per cent in the past the negotiations with the EU have been con- 9,000 – 11,450-12,000 13,300 – 5,600-7,500 10,000-12,500 13,300 – 16,800 16,800 four years, compared with 16 per cent for cluded, and it has been suggested that Theresa 9,000 – 15,250 19,500 34,750 6,000 15,250 19,500 40,750 21,250 21,250 international classroom fees. Overseas taught May’s recent move from the Home Office to Sheffield Hallam University 9,000 – 12,250 12,250 12,250 6,300-9,200 12,500-14,300 12,500-14,300 12,500-14,300 12,500 15,400 postgraduate students are charged even more 10 Downing Street offers an opportunity for Soas, University of London 9,000 – 16,250 – – 10,470 17,895 – – – – for laboratory and clinical subjects: £15,638 a fresh case to be made for all students to be University of South Wales 3,900 9,000 11,900 – – 5,150 12,300 – – 9,700 12,600 and £20,956 respectively. taken out of net migration figures, something University of Southampton 9,000 – 15,390 18,910 36,495 7,500 15,920 19,570 – 23,500 23,500 that she fiercely resisted when it was her direct Southampton 9,000 – 10,500 11,000 – 4,635–5,665 11,260 12,380 – 9,785 12,360 where the numbers come from responsibility to implement the Conservatives’ 0 9,000 17,890 17,890 25,200 6,800 16,250 19,400 – – – pledge to lower net migration levels to the St George’s, University of London 9,000 – 18,990 – 33,640 10,000 20,000 – – – – University of St Mark and St John 9,000 – 11,000 – – 5,500 11,500 – – 6,000 8,100 viding no data have “tens of thousands”. But subjecting EU students Data are based on St Mary’s University, Twickenham 9,000 – 11,000 11,000 11,000 4,250-7,500 13,000 13,000 – – – a survey conducted by been omitted. A small to the rules currently applied to non-EU learn- 9,000 – 10,600 10,600 10,600 6,948 12,000 12,000 12,000 11,700 13,850 The Complete Univer- number of figures have ers, especially the curtailment of post-study 0 6,750 11,555 13,760 – 4,500-6,100 12,450 13,950 – 13,250 16,200 sity Guide. The survey been added by Times work opportunities, would be another disin- University of Strathclyde 0 *9,000 13,000-18,600 13,000-18,600 – 4,600-9,000 13,000-17,500 13,000-17,500 – 28,000 28,000 results have been Higher Education using centive for them to come to the UK. 8,750-9,000 – 10,500 10,500 10,500 4,500 11,000 11,000 11,000 9,990 12,600 published annually figures from universities’ 9,000 – 14,000 17,500 27,500 6,000–7,000 13,500 18,000-20,000 18,000-20,000 22,100-23,500 22,100-23,500 since 2002, when websites. K universities have become increasingly 9,000 – 14,800 18,300 28,000 7,500 14,800 18,300 – 19,000 19,000 Mike Reddin first In Wales in 2016-17, reliant on EU and international students 3,900 9,000 12,900-14,150 13,800-16,950 – 5,300-12,500 12,950-18,550 13,300-16,950 – – – presented them. Welsh-domiciled under- as the number of domestic school-leavers 9,000 – 10,750 10,750 10,750 4,590 10,950 10,950 10,950 10,250 13,000 U Trinity Saint David 3,900 9,000 10,200 – – 4,010 11,220 – – 4,010 11,220 Institutions were graduates will be has stagnated and begun to decline. Over the 3,925 6,000 12,890 12,890 12,890 5,150 12,890 12,890 12,890 11,345 15,985 asked to provide a typ- charged £3,900 a year past five Ucas admissions cycles, the number University Campus Suffolk 9,000 – 10,080 11,520 14,520 5,985 10,080 11,520 – 9,900 11,000 ical fee, although some wherever they study in of EU applicants to undergraduate courses in University College London 9,000 – 16,130 21,320 36,920 9,020 17,770 23,020 36,920 – – chose to provide a range. the UK. Undergraduates the UK increased by 25 per cent, while the University for the Creative Arts 9,000 – 12,010 – – 6,000 12,300 – – 14,740 15,320 Figures are for guidance domiciled in Northern total number of applicants grew by only University of the Arts London 9,000 – 17,230 17,230 – 7,750-8,750 15,120-22,140 17,230-24,730 – 27,000 27,000 only. Fees for specific Ireland will pay £3,925 9.4 per cent. And, according to Higher Educa- 9,000 – 16,620 21,200 19,400-33,820 7,780 17,500 22,340 – 34,900 34,900 courses may vary from a year if they study tion Statistics Agency data, non-UK EU University of West London 9,000 – 10,650 – – 6,950-8,550 10,995 – – 11,250 11,250 those shown. The aver- there, but will pay up nationals represented 6.4 per cent of all full- University of the West of England 9,000 – 11,250 12,250 – 5,665 11,750 12,250 – 15,600 15,600 ages exclude institutions to £9,000 if they study time undergraduate and postgraduate students University of the West of Scotland 0 7,400 11,220 11,220 11,220 3,400 11,220 11,220 11,220 8,800 8,800 University of Westminster 9,000 – 12,250 12,250 – 5,000-15,500 7,500-16,500 – – 23,500 23,500 that provided a range. elsewhere in the UK. at British universities last year. 9,000 – 11,300 – – 5,900 11,900 – – 12,000 – A dash (–) indicates Scottish undergraduates It is not a given that student recruitment 9,000 – 11,400 – – 5,000 12,500 – – 9,000 – that a figure was not will pay no tuition fees from the EU will collapse, according to Dame University of York 9,000 – 15,680 20,100 28,000 6,650 15,680 20,100 20,100 – – supplied or that the uni- in Scotland, but up to Julia Goodfellow, chair of Universities UK and 9,000 – 10,000 11,000 – 3,500-5,700 10,000 – – 10,800 13,000 versity does not run the £9,000 elsewhere in vice-chancellor of the University of Kent, Average ** 8,891 13,394 15,034 24,169 6,486 13,442 15,638 20,956 16,443 18,226 course. Universities pro- the UK. which styles itself as “the UK’s European university”. “The UK is very good at getting * Fees capped at £27,000 for a four-year honours degree. ** Average figure for English universities. The source of this figure is the Office for Fair Access. 34 Times Higher Education 18 August 2016 18 August 2016 Times Higher Education 35