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IT-03-69-T 48118 D48118 - D47828 15 February 2013 MB THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA Case №: IT-03-69-T IN THE TRIAL CHAMBER I BEFORE: Judge Alphons Orie, Presiding Judge Michèle Picard Judge Elizabeth Gwaunza REGISTRAR: Mr. John Hocking DATE FILED: 15 February 2013 THE PROSECUTOR V. JOVICA STANIŠIĆ FRANKO SIMATOVIĆ - PUBLIC REDACTED VERSION - SIMATOVIC FINAL TRIAL BRIEF THE OFFICE OF THE PROSECUTOR: COUNSEL FOR MR. JOVICA STANIŠIĆ: Mr. Dermot Groome Mr. Wayne Jordash Mr. Scott Martin COUNSEL FOR MR. SIMATOVIĆ: Mr. Mihajlo Bakrač Mr. Vladimir Petrović 48117 THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA Case №: IT-03-69-T THE PROSECUTOR V. JOVICA STANIŠIĆ FRANKO SIMATOVIĆ - PUBLIC REDACTED VERSION - SIMATOVIC FINAL TRIAL BRIEF CASE №: IT-03-69-T 15 February 2013 2 48116 TABLE OF CONTENT INTRODUCTION 12 PART ONE 14 A.GENESIS OF THE CONFLICT IN CROATIA 14 B.SUPPLY OF ARMS TO KRAJINA 17 C.GOLUBIC 22 D.FUNDING 25 E.SKABRNJA 29 F.NADIN 39 G.BRUSKA 39 H.SABORSKO 41 I.DUBICA, CEROVLJANI AND BACIN 45 PART TWO 48 A.CONSTITUTIONAL AND REGULATORY FRAME FOR THE 48 STAY OF SDB/RDB STAFF OUTSIDE THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA CASE №: IT-03-69-T 15 February 2013 3 48115 B.KRAJINA DB AND RELATION WITH SERBIA SDB/RDB 51 C.THE ARMOURED TRAIN IN KNIN 55 D.SIMATOVIC AS A COMMUNICATION CHANNEL 57 E.SIMATOVIC IN KNIN 58 F.FIELD INTELLIGENCE 60 G.WITNESSES ON SIMATOVIC IN KNIN 61 H.JF-039 ON SIMATOVIC 62 I.DOCUMENTS IN WHICH SIMATOVIC IS MENTIONED 66 J.LOVINAC 67 K.CONCLUSION ABOUT SIMATOVIC IN KNIN 68 PART THREE 70 A.CAPTAIN DRAGAN 70 B.SHORT BIOGRAPHY 71 C.ARRIVAL IN SFRY 71 D.STAY IN BELGRADE AND POLITICAL ENGAGEMENT 72 CASE №: IT-03-69-T 15 February 2013 4 48114 E.SDB/RDB MEASURES AND ACTIVITIES TARGETING DANIEL 74 SNEDDEN AND SIMATOVIC’S ROLE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION THEREOF F.CAPTAIN DRAGAN’S FIRST VISIT TO KNIN AND THE 83 CONTACTS HE ESTABLISHED THERE G.CAPTAIN DRAGAN’S DEPARTURE TO THE GOLUBIC CAMP 90 AND REASONS FOR THE ARRIVAL OF FILIPOVIC AND SIMATOVIC TO KNIN H.ACTIVITIES BY CAPTAIN DRAGAN IN KNIN FROM 15 MAY 97 1991 TO AUGUST 1991 – RELATIONS WITH MARTIC AND OTHER KRAJINA OFFICIALS I.CONFLICT WITH BABIC AND DEPARTURE FROM KNIN 101 J.ARRIVAL IN BELGRADE AND FURTHER APPLICATION OF OT 103 MEASURES TARGETING CPT. DRAGAN K.ESTABLISHMENT OF THE CAPTAIN DRAGAN FUND AND THE 108 TRAINING IN BUBANJ POTOK L.DIVIC CAMP IN REPUBLIKA SRPSKA, 1992 111 M. CPT.DRAGAN’S RETURN TO KNIN KRAJINA IN 1993 AND 113 ESTABLISHMENT OF THE ALFA CENTRE IN BRUSKA N.DEPARTURE FROM KRAJINA AND PRESENCE IN OTHER 116 TRAINING CENTERS CASE №: IT-03-69-T 15 February 2013 5 48113 PART FOUR 117 A.ZELJKO RAZNATOVIC ARKAN AND SERBIAN VOLUNTEER 117 GUARD (SDG) B.ESTABLISHMENT OF THE SDG 117 C.TIES WITH FEDERAL DB, BOGDANOVIC AND SIMOVIC 118 D.ARKAN AND SBWS (TO, JNA, BADZA AND BIORCEVIC) 129 E.ARKAN AND SDG IN BIJELJINA AND ZVORNIK IN 1992 150 F.MILORAD ULEMEK LEGIJA 157 G.TRANSFORMATION OF THE SDG 161 H.ARKAN AS MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT AND DEPARTURE 162 FOR KNIN KRAJINA IN 1993 I.SDG ON TRESKAVICA IN 1995 167 J.SDG IN BANJA LUKA KRAJINA IN 1995 172 K.ARKAN’S CROSSING FROM ERDUT TO RSK AND RS 176 L.ARKAN AS AN OBJECT OF SDB/RDB OPERATIONS 177 M.JF-057 181 CASE №: IT-03-69-T 15 February 2013 6 48112 N.JF-050 195 O.RADOVAN STOJČIC BADŽA AND ENGAGEMENT OF POLICE 195 FORCES FROM RSK IN EARLY 1992 PART FIVE 200 A.OPERATION PAUK 1994-1995 200 B.THE DISPATCH OF VJ OFFICERS TO RSK AND RS ARMED 201 FORCES C.THE BEGINNINGS OF RSK COOPERATION WITH ABDIC 202 D.THE PREPARATION AND LAUNCHING OF OPERATION PAUK 205 E.THE PAUK COMMAND 211 F.SIMATOVIC’S PARTICIPATION AND ROLE IN OPERATION 217 PAUK G.JATD AND OPERATION PAUK 224 PART SIX 229 A.THE SCORPIONS 229 B.ESTABLISHMENT OF SCORPIONS 230 C.TRANSFORMATION AND BASIC TASKS OF THE SCORPIONS 231 CASE №: IT-03-69-T 15 February 2013 7 48111 IN SBWS IN 1992 UNTIL 1996 D.DIRECTING, FINANCING, TRAINING AND LOGISTICAL 234 SUPPORT E.THE SCORPIONS AND OPERATION PAUK 238 F.OPERATION TRESKAVICA – DECISION ON DISPATCHING THE 240 SCORPIONS TO TRNOVO G.CHAIN OF COMMAND IN OPERATION TRESKAVICA 242 H.MUP OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA AND OPERATION 245 TRESKAVICA I.SIMATOVIC AND OPERATION TRESKAVICA IN 1995 246 PART SEVEN 250 A.RADIO MONITORING AND ITS RELEVANCE TO 250 INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES B.UNITS ON THE TERRITORY OF PAJZOS AND ILOK 255 C.ARKAN’S ATTEMPT TO ENTER PAJZOS 259 PART EIGHT 261 A.THE POSITION OF FRANKO SIMATOVIC IN THE REPUBLIC OF 261 SERBIA MUP SDB/RDB CASE №: IT-03-69-T 15 February 2013 8 48110 B.SIMATOVIC AS CHIEF OF SECTION 261 C.SIMATOVIC’S APPOINTMENT TO DEPUTY CHIEF OF SECOND 263 ADMINISTRATION D.SIMATOVIC AS SPECIAL ADVISOR 265 PART NINE 269 A.THE POSITION OF JATD WITHIN THE RDB 269 B.PER DIEM LISTS AND SIMATOVIC 273 C.KULA 275 D.PARTICIPANTS IN THE CELEBRATION IN KULA 282 PART TEN 284 A.DRINA 284 B.SIMATOVIC IN BAJINA BASTA 289 C.DOBOJ, RED BERETS AND RAJO BOZOVIC 294 D.TRAINING CENTER IN DOBOJ AND JF-005 302 E.BOZOVIC AND FILIPOVIC IN BANJA LUKA 307 PART ELEVEN 310 CASE №: IT-03-69-T 15 February 2013 9 48109 A.BOSANSKI SAMAC 310 B.VOLUNTEERS – POSAVSKA BRIGADE 314 C.SERBIAN RADICAL PARTY 316 D.LUGAR 320 E.JF-047 322 F.TODOROVIC 327 PART TWELVE 330 A.BRCKO 330 B.IVANOVIC 331 C.RADE BOZIC 334 D.DOCUMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH BRCKO 335 E.VASO MIJOVIC 337 F.MIJOVIC IN BARANJA 341 G.MIJOVIC AND TRNOVO 342 H.MIJOVIC AND MUP 345 CASE №: IT-03-69-T 15 February 2013 10 48108 I.SKELANI 346 PART THIRTEEN 351 A.JOINT CRIMINAL ENTERPRISE (JCE) 351 B.JOVICA STANISIC AND SIMATOVIC 353 C.MLADIC AND SIMATOVIC 357 D.KERTES AND SIMATOVIC 357 E.MARTIC AND SIMATOVIC 357 F.BABIC AND SIMATOVIC 358 G.KARADZIC AND SIMATOVIC 358 H.ARKAN AND SIMATOVIC 359 I.ELEMENTS OF THE JCE 359 PART FOURTEEN 362 A.SENTENCING 362 CONCLUSION 364 CASE №: IT-03-69-T 15 February 2013 11 48107 INTRODUCTION 1. The Third Amended Indictment of 9 July 2008 charges Franko Simatović on 5 counts for Crimes Against Humanity and Violations of the Laws or Customs of War, as a member of the Joint Criminal Enterprise (JCE), with individual criminal responsibility, pursuant to Article 7(1) of the Statute of the International Tribunal. - Count 1 Persecutions – Simatović, acting in concert with other members of the JCE, committed persecutions of Croats, Bosnian Muslims and Bosnian Croats and other non-Serbs within SAO Krajina, SAO SBWS and a number of BiH municipalities. Alternatively, or in addition, Simatović planned, ordered and/or otherwise aided and abetted the planning, preparation and/or execution of persecutions of Croats, Bosnian Muslims and other non-Serbs - Counts 2 and 3 Murder - from no later than April 1991 until 31 December 1995, Simatović, acting in concert with other Members of the JCE committed murder and wilful killing of non- Serbs, principally Croats, Bosnian Muslims and Bosnian Croats. Alternatively, or in addition, Simatović planned, ordered and/or otherwise aided and abetted the planning, preparation and/or execution of the murder and wilful killing of non-Serbs. Under Count 2, Simatović is charged with committing Murder, a Crime Against Humanity, and under Count 3 with Murder, a Violation of the Laws or Customs of War. - Counts 4 and 5 – Deportation and Inhumane Acts ( Forcible Transfers ) – from no later April 1991 until 31 December 1995, Simatović, acting in concert with other Members of JCE, committed unlawful forcible transfer or deportation of thousands of Croat, Bosnian Muslim, Bosnian Croat and other non–Serb civilians from locations in which they were lawfully present in SAO Krajina, SAO SBWS, and territories of certain BiH municipalities. Alternatively, or in addition, Simatović planned, ordered and/or otherwise aided and abetted the planning preparation and/or execution of unlawful forcible transfer or deportation. Under Count 4, Simatović is charged with Deportation, a Crime Against Humanity, and under Count 5 with Inhumane Acts (Forcible Transfer), a Crime Against Humanity. CASE №: IT-03-69-T 15 February 2013 12 48106 2. The Defence claims that the Prosecution failed to prove, beyond reasonable doubt, the liability of the Accused Simatović on any of the aforesaid counts of the indictment. Hereinafter, the Defence will present arguments in support of its claim. CASE №: IT-03-69-T 15 February 2013 13 48105 PART ONE A. THE GENESIS OF THE CONFLICT IN CROATIA 3. In mid-1990 the constitutional status of the Serb people in Croatia, was changed from that of “constituent nation” to “national minority”.1 The political leadership in Knin, i.e. the Serbian Democratic Party (SDS), responded by organizing a referendum where the Serb people would decide whether to remain within Yugoslavia.2 The Croat authorities proclaimed the referendum illegal and ordered the ballot papers to be confiscated.3 4. The Croat political leadership instructed the Croat SDB to selectively monitor the activities of extremist political groups – only the activity of the Serbian Democratic Party was being monitored4 although it was a parliamentary political party.5 5. The municipalities with majority Serbian population began to organize themselves in 1990. In June 1990, Milan Babić was elected president of the Association of Municipalities of Northern Dalmatia and Lika.6 Soon after, on 25 July 1990, the Serbian people held a convention in Srb and elected the Serbian National Council, with Babić as its president.7 There is no evidence that either the Serbian SDB or Franko Simatović participated in organizing the Serbian people politically in the municipalities in the territory of Croatia with majority Serbian population.
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    Forced Labour in Serbia Producers, Consumers and Consequences of Forced Labour 1941 - 1944 edited by: Sanela Schmid Milovan Pisarri Tomislav Dulić Zoran Janjetović Milan Koljanin Milovan Pisarri Thomas Porena Sabine Rutar Sanela Schmid 1 Project partners: Project supported by: Forced Labour in Serbia 2 Producers, Consumers and Consequences . of Forced Labour 1941 - 1944 This collection of scientific papers on forced labour during the Second World War is part of a wider research within the project "Producers, Consumers and Consequences of Forced Labour - Serbia 1941-1944", which was implemented by the Center for Holocaust Research and Education from Belgrade in partnership with Humboldt University, Berlin and supported by the Foundation "Remembrance, Responsibility and Future" in Germany. ("Stiftung Erinnerung, Verantwortung und Zukunft" - EVZ). 3 Impressum Forced Labour in Serbia Producers, Consumers and Consequences of Forced Labour 1941-1944 Published by: Center for Holocaust Research and Education Publisher: Nikola Radić Editors: Sanela Schmid and Milovan Pisarri Authors: Tomislav Dulić Zoran Janjetović Milan Koljanin Milovan Pisarri Thomas Porena Sabine Rutar Sanela Schmid Proofreading: Marija Šapić, Marc Brogan English translation: Irena Žnidaršić-Trbojević German translation: Jovana Ivanović Graphic design: Nikola Radić Belgrade, 2018. Project partners: Center for Holocaust Research and Education Humboldt University Berlin Project is supported by: „Remembrance, Responsibility And Future“ Foundation „Stiftung Erinnerung, Verantwortung und Zukunft“ - EVZ Forced Labour in Serbia 4 Producers, Consumers and Consequences . of Forced Labour 1941 - 1944 Contents 6 Introduction - Sanela Schmid and Milovan Pisarri 12 Milovan Pisarri “I Saw Jews Carrying Dead Bodies On Stretchers”: Forced Labour and The Holocaust in Occupied Serbia 30 Zoran Janjetović Forced Labour in Banat Under Occupation 1941 - 1944 44 Milan Koljanin Camps as a Source of Forced Labour in Serbia 1941 - 1944 54 Photographs 1 62 Sabine Rutar Physical Labour and Survival.
  • UNDER ORDERS: War Crimes in Kosovo Order Online

    UNDER ORDERS: War Crimes in Kosovo Order Online

    UNDER ORDERS: War Crimes in Kosovo Order online Table of Contents Acknowledgments Introduction Glossary 1. Executive Summary The 1999 Offensive The Chain of Command The War Crimes Tribunal Abuses by the KLA Role of the International Community 2. Background Introduction Brief History of the Kosovo Conflict Kosovo in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Kosovo in the 1990s The 1998 Armed Conflict Conclusion 3. Forces of the Conflict Forces of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Yugoslav Army Serbian Ministry of Internal Affairs Paramilitaries Chain of Command and Superior Responsibility Stucture and Strategy of the KLA Appendix: Post-War Promotions of Serbian Police and Yugoslav Army Members 4. march–june 1999: An Overview The Geography of Abuses The Killings Death Toll,the Missing and Body Removal Targeted Killings Rape and Sexual Assault Forced Expulsions Arbitrary Arrests and Detentions Destruction of Civilian Property and Mosques Contamination of Water Wells Robbery and Extortion Detentions and Compulsory Labor 1 Human Shields Landmines 5. Drenica Region Izbica Rezala Poklek Staro Cikatovo The April 30 Offensive Vrbovac Stutica Baks The Cirez Mosque The Shavarina Mine Detention and Interrogation in Glogovac Detention and Compusory Labor Glogovac Town Killing of Civilians Detention and Abuse Forced Expulsion 6. Djakovica Municipality Djakovica City Phase One—March 24 to April 2 Phase Two—March 7 to March 13 The Withdrawal Meja Motives: Five Policeman Killed Perpetrators Korenica 7. Istok Municipality Dubrava Prison The Prison The NATO Bombing The Massacre The Exhumations Perpetrators 8. Lipljan Municipality Slovinje Perpetrators 9. Orahovac Municipality Pusto Selo 10. Pec Municipality Pec City The “Cleansing” Looting and Burning A Final Killing Rape Cuska Background The Killings The Attacks in Pavljan and Zahac The Perpetrators Ljubenic 11.
  • Framing Croatia's Politics of Memory and Identity

    Framing Croatia's Politics of Memory and Identity

    Workshop: War and Identity in the Balkans and the Middle East WORKING PAPER WORKSHOP: War and Identity in the Balkans and the Middle East WORKING PAPER Author: Taylor A. McConnell, School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh Title: “KRVatska”, “Branitelji”, “Žrtve”: (Re-)framing Croatia’s politics of memory and identity Date: 3 April 2018 Workshop: War and Identity in the Balkans and the Middle East WORKING PAPER “KRVatska”, “Branitelji”, “Žrtve”: (Re-)framing Croatia’s politics of memory and identity Taylor McConnell, School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh Web: taylormcconnell.com | Twitter: @TMcConnell_SSPS | E-mail: [email protected] Abstract This paper explores the development of Croatian memory politics and the construction of a new Croatian identity in the aftermath of the 1990s war for independence. Using the public “face” of memory – monuments, museums and commemorations – I contend that Croatia’s narrative of self and self- sacrifice (hence “KRVatska” – a portmanteau of “blood/krv” and “Croatia/Hrvatska”) is divided between praising “defenders”/“branitelji”, selectively remembering its victims/“žrtve”, and silencing the Serb minority. While this divide is partially dependent on geography and the various ways the Croatian War for Independence came to an end in Dalmatia and Slavonia, the “defender” narrative remains preeminent. As well, I discuss the division of Croatian civil society, particularly between veterans’ associations and regional minority bodies, which continues to disrupt amicable relations among the Yugoslav successor states and places Croatia in a generally undesired but unshakable space between “Europe” and the Balkans. 1 Workshop: War and Identity in the Balkans and the Middle East WORKING PAPER Table of Contents Abstract ...................................................................................................................................................................
  • Memorial of the Republic of Croatia

    Memorial of the Republic of Croatia

    INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE CASE CONCERNING THE APPLICATION OF THE CONVENTION ON THE PREVENTION AND PUNISHMENT OF THE CRIME OF GENOCIDE (CROATIA v. YUGOSLAVIA) MEMORIAL OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA ANNEXES REGIONAL FILES VOLUME 2 PART I EASTERN SLAVONIA 1 MARCH 2001 II CONTENTS ETHNIC STRUCTURES 1 Eastern Slavonia 3 Tenja 4 Antin 5 Dalj 6 Berak 7 Bogdanovci 8 Šarengrad 9 Ilok 10 Tompojevci 11 Bapska 12 Tovarnik 13 Sotin 14 Lovas 15 Tordinci 16 Vukovar 17 WITNESS STATEMENTS TENJA 19 Annex 1: Witness Statement of M.K. 21 Annex 2: Witness Statement of R.J. 22 Annex 3: Witness Statement of I.K. (1) 24 Annex 4: Witness Statement of J.P. 29 Annex 5: Witness Statement of L.B. 34 Annex 6: Witness Statement of P.Š. 35 Annex 7: Witness Statement of D.M. 37 Annex 8: Witness Statement of M.R. 39 Annex 9: Witness Statement of M.M. 39 Annex 10: Witness Statement of M.K. 41 Annex 11: Witness Statement of I.I.* 42 Annex 12: Witness Statement of Z.B. 52 Annex 13: Witness Statement of A.M. 54 Annex 14: Witness Statement of J.S. 56 Annex 15: Witness Statement of Z.M. 58 Annex 16: Witness Statement of J.K. 60 IV Annex 17: Witness Statement of L.R. 63 Annex 18: Witness Statement of Đ.B. 64 WITNESS STATEMENTS DALJ 67 Annex 19: Witness Statement of J.P. 69 Annex 20: Witness Statement of I.K. (2) 71 Annex 21: Witness Statement of A.K. 77 Annex 22: Witness Statement of H.S.