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The Destruction of Religious and Cultural Sites I. Introduction The
Mapping the Saudi State, Chapter 7: The Destruction of Religious and Cultural Sites I. Introduction The Ministry for Islamic Affairs, Endowments, Da’wah, and Guidance, commonly abbreviated to the Ministry of Islamic Affairs (MOIA), supervises and regulates religious activity in Saudi Arabia. Whereas the Commission for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice (CPVPV) directly enforces religious law, as seen in Mapping the Saudi State, Chapter 1,1 the MOIA is responsible for the administration of broader religious services. According to the MOIA, its primary duties include overseeing the coordination of Islamic societies and organizations, the appointment of clergy, and the maintenance and construction of mosques.2 Yet, despite its official mission to “preserve Islamic values” and protect mosques “in a manner that fits their sacred status,”3 the MOIA is complicit in a longstanding government campaign against the peninsula’s traditional heritage – Islamic or otherwise. Since 1925, the Al Saud family has overseen the destruction of tombs, mosques, and historical artifacts in Jeddah, Medina, Mecca, al-Khobar, Awamiyah, and Jabal al-Uhud. According to the Islamic Heritage Research Foundation, between just 1985 and 2014 – through the MOIA’s founding in 1993 –the government demolished 98% of the religious and historical sites located in Saudi Arabia.4 The MOIA’s seemingly contradictory role in the destruction of Islamic holy places, commentators suggest, is actually the byproduct of an equally incongruous alliance between the forces of Wahhabism and commercialism.5 Compelled to acknowledge larger demographic and economic trends in Saudi Arabia – rapid population growth, increased urbanization, and declining oil revenues chief among them6 – the government has increasingly worked to satisfy both the Wahhabi religious establishment and the kingdom’s financial elite. -
Sayyida Khadija (PBUH)
Sayyida Khadija (PBUH) SAYYIDA KHADIJA (pbuh) Family Tree Qusay Abd Manaf Abdu Uzza Hashim Asad Abdul Khuwaylid * Muttalib * (Khalid) Abdullah Khadija Muhammed * Custodian of the Ka’ba WWW.QFATIMA.COM 11 Key Facts Born in Makka to Khuwaylid & Fatima Bint Za’idah 567 CE Siblings Hala, Usayd & Awwam Children Qasim, Abdullah (died in infancy) Fatima (pbuh). She looked after Zaynab, Umm Kulthum & Ruqayya (daughters of her sister Hala who died) Died in Makka in 620 CE Aged 52 yrs There is Khadija the daughter of Khuwaylid who was the joint custodian of the Ka’ba with Abdul Muttalib; Khadija the successful business women; Khadija the guardian of orphans, Khadija the princess of Makka; Khadija the wife and support of Rasulullah; Khadija the mother of Fatima (pbuh) and then there is Khadija whom Rasulullah (pbuh) said was one of the women of Janna (paradise). She was born in Makka around 567 CE (the date of her birth is not known by any historian) to Khuwaylid and Fatima. Khuwaylid was a successful business man and the joint custodian of the Ka’ba with Abdul Muttalib. Her parents died early within WWW.QFATIMA.COM 2 2 10 years of each other leaving her and her siblings Awwam, Usayd and Hala orphans. She continued the family business of running trade caravans in the Summer to Syria and to Yemen in Winter becoming a successful business woman in her own right. On learning of the excellence of Muhammad (pbuh); she employs him to be her manager. She proposes to him and he accepts. The marriage was a happy one with 3 children – Qasim, Abdullah (Both who died in infancy) and Fatima (pbuh). -
Women's Rights in Islam Regarding Marriage and Divorce Imani Jaafar-Mohammad
Journal of Law and Practice Volume 4 Article 3 2011 Women's Rights in Islam Regarding Marriage and Divorce Imani Jaafar-Mohammad Charlie Lehmann Follow this and additional works at: http://open.mitchellhamline.edu/lawandpractice Part of the Family Law Commons Recommended Citation Jaafar-Mohammad, Imani and Lehmann, Charlie (2011) "Women's Rights in Islam Regarding Marriage and Divorce," Journal of Law and Practice: Vol. 4, Article 3. Available at: http://open.mitchellhamline.edu/lawandpractice/vol4/iss1/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Reviews and Journals at Mitchell Hamline Open Access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Law and Practice by an authorized administrator of Mitchell Hamline Open Access. For more information, please contact [email protected]. © Mitchell Hamline School of Law Women's Rights in Islam Regarding Marriage and Divorce Keywords Muslim women--Legal status laws etc., Women's rights--Religious aspects--Islam, Marriage (Islamic law) This article is available in Journal of Law and Practice: http://open.mitchellhamline.edu/lawandpractice/vol4/iss1/3 Jaafar-Mohammad and Lehmann: Women's Rights in Islam Regarding Marriage and Divorce WOMEN’S RIGHTS IN ISLAM REGARDING MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE 4 Wm. Mitchell J. L. & P. 3* By: Imani Jaafar-Mohammad, Esq. and Charlie Lehmann+ I. INTRODUCTION There are many misconceptions surrounding women’s rights in Islam. The purpose of this article is to shed some light on the basic rights of women in Islam in the context of marriage and divorce. This article is only to be viewed as a basic outline of women’s rights in Islam regarding marriage and divorce. -
Consejo De Seguridad Distr
Naciones Unidas S/2019/820 Consejo de Seguridad Distr. general 15 de octubre de 2019 Español Original: inglés Aplicación de las resoluciones del Consejo de Seguridad 2139 (2014), 2165 (2014), 2191 (2014), 2258 (2015), 2332 (2016), 2393 (2017), 2401 (2018) y 2449 (2018) Informe del Secretario General I. Introducción 1. El presente informe es el 63º presentado en cumplimiento de lo dispuesto en el párrafo 17 de la resolución 2139 (2014), el párrafo 10 de la resolución 2165 (2014), el párrafo 5 de la resolución 2191 (2014), el párrafo 5 de la resolución 2258 (2015), el párrafo 5 de la resolución 2332 (2016), el párrafo 6 de la resolución 2393 (2017), el párrafo 12 de la resolución 2401 (2018) y el párrafo 6 de la resolución 2449 (2018) del Consejo de Seguridad, en el último de los cuales el Consejo solicitó al Secretario General que le presentara informes, por lo menos cada 60 días, sobre la aplicación de las resoluciones por todas las partes en el conflicto en la República Árabe Siria. 2. La información que aquí figura se basa en los datos de que disponen los organismos del sistema de las Naciones Unidas y en los datos obtenidos del Gobierno de la República Árabe Siria y de otras fuentes pertinentes. Los datos facilitados por los organismos del sistema de las Naciones Unidas sobre sus entregas de suministros humanitarios corresponden a los meses de agosto y septiembre de 2019. II. Acontecimientos principales Aspectos destacados: agosto y septiembre de 2019 1. Pese al alto el fuego en Idlib anunciado por la Federación de Rusia y el Gobierno de la República Árabe Siria los días 2 y 30 de agosto, respectivamente, durante el período que abarca el informe se siguió informando de bajas civiles, incluidas las muertes confirmadas de civiles. -
Cash-Based Response Feasibility Assessment in Northern Syria
CASH-BASED RESPONSE FEASIBILITY ASSESSMENT IN NORTHERN SYRIA May 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary . 3 Acknowledgements . 6 Introduction . 7 Methodology . 10 Study Design Overview . 10 Desk Review . 11 Household Survey . 11 Key Informant Interviews . 13 Data Analysis . 13 Triangulation and Synthesis of Findings . 13 Receipt of Humanitarian Assistance and Unmet Needs . 15 Cash Feasibility Analysis . 18 Acceptibity . 18 Infrastructure . 21 Implementation Capacity . 24 Value-for-Money . 26 Risks . 28 Flexibility/Responsiveness . 29 Summary of Findings . 32 Recommendations . 35 References . 36 Annexes . 38 Syria Cash Feasibility Assessment • May 2016 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY As the conflict in Syria extends beyond the fourth year, there is need for a widespread humanitarian re- sponse focused on urban areas that addresses humanitarian needs and promotes resilience for the 13 .5 million people in need of protection and humanitarian assistance within Syria . The majority of humanitarian assistance both in Syria and worldwide is provided as in-kind aid. However, over the past decade a transi- tion has occurred and cash-based approaches, including both conditional and unconditional cash-transfers and voucher programs, are becoming increasingly common. The cash-based response within Syria to date is small when compared to in-kind assistance and geographic coverage has been somewhat limited . In light of the significant challenges to providing assistance in Syria, there is a need to shift the program- ming focus towards sourcing assistance from within Syria rather than importing in-kind assistance; inter- ventions to support job creation, rehabilitation of industry and local markets; and empowering beneficiaries by responding to their feedback on which type of assistance is preferred . -
Read Ebook {PDF EPUB} Memoir of the Egypt Exploration Fund, Volume 8
Read Ebook {PDF EPUB} Memoir Of The Egypt Exploration Fund, Volume 8... by Egypt Exploration Fund Jan 23, 2017 · Journal Of Egyptian Archaeology Vol.8 by The Egypt Exploration Fund. Publication date 1922 Topics IGNCA Collection digitallibraryindia; JaiGyan Language English. Book Source: Digital Library of India Item 2015.70980. dc.date.accessioned: 2015-06- 30T02:14:02Z dc.date.available: 2015-06-30T02:14:02Z The Egypt Exploration Fund recovered many antiquities for the museum. Even after the American Exploration Society was founded, Edward's organization and Flinders Petrie's discoveries helped to expand the collection. The association became less close after 1906 but was revived by George Byron Gordon during his Directorship. -- Memoirs of the Egypt Exploration Fund -- Egypt Exploration Fund: Archaeological Survey of Egypt -- Mond ... 22 pp., 58 pls. URL-- vol. 8, fascicule 1: Urbain Bouriant, La bibliothèque du Deir-Amba Shenoudi Deuxième partie Acte du concile d’Ephèse Texte copte publié et … Egypt Exploration Fund (EEF) The London-based Egypt Exploration Fund (EEF) was founded in 1882 by Amelia Edwards and Reginald Stuart Poole in order to explore, survey, and excavate in Egypt. Sharing the results of their work was also a core value. The latter was to be achieved initially through publications and lectures alone, rather than the dispersal of finds, as the laws of Egypt prohibited the … Excerpt from Tanis, Vol. 1: Part I., 1883-4, Second Memoir of the Egypt Exploration Fund Half. Besides this, bakhshish was given for everything that was found; and though this did not amount to 5 per cent. On the wages, yet it ensured things being brought in to… Memoirs by Egypt Exploration Society. -
Consejo De Seguridad Distr
Naciones Unidas S/2020/1031 Consejo de Seguridad Distr. general 14 de octubre de 2020 Español Original: inglés Aplicación de las resoluciones del Consejo de Seguridad 2139 (2014), 2165 (2014), 2191 (2014), 2258 (2015), 2332 (2016), 2393 (2017), 2401 (2018), 2449 (2018), 2504 (2020) y 2533 (2020) Informe del Secretario General I. Introducción 1. El presente informe es el 69º presentado en cumplimiento de lo dispuesto en el párrafo 17 de la resolución 2139 (2014), el párrafo 10 de la resolución 2165 (2014), el párrafo 5 de la resolución 2191 (2014), el párrafo 5 de la resolución 2258 (2015), el párrafo 5 de la resolución 2332 (2016), el párrafo 6 de la resolución 2393 (2017), el párrafo 12 de la resolución 2401 (2018), el párrafo 6 de la resolución 2449 (2018), el párrafo 8 de la resolución 2504 (2020) y el párrafo 3 de la resolución 2533 (2020) del Consejo de Seguridad, en el último de los cuales el Consejo solicitó al Secretario General que le presentara un informe, al menos cada 60 días, sobre la aplicación de las resoluciones por todas las partes en el conflicto en la República Árabe Siria. 2. La información que aquí figura se basa en los datos de que disponen los organismos del sistema de las Naciones Unidas y en los datos obtenidos del Gobierno de la República Árabe Siria y de otras fuentes pertinentes. Los datos facilitados por los organismos del sistema de las Naciones Unidas sobre sus entregas de suministros humanitarios corresponden a los meses de agosto y septiembre de 2020. II. -
Consejo De Seguridad Distr
Naciones Unidas S/2018/845 Consejo de Seguridad Distr. general 14 de septiembre de 2018 Español Original: inglés Aplicación de las resoluciones del Consejo de Seguridad 2139 (2014), 2165 (2014), 2191 (2014), 2258 (2015), 2332 (2016), 2393 (2017) y 2401 (2018) Informe del Secretario General I. Introducción 1. El presente informe es el 55º presentado en cumplimiento de lo dispuesto en el párrafo 17 de la resolución 2139 (2014), el párrafo 10 de la resolución 2165 (2014), el párrafo 5 de la resolución 2191 (2014), el párrafo 5 de la resolución 2258 (2015), el párrafo 5 de la resolución 2332 (2016), el párrafo 6 de la resolución 2393 (2017) y el párrafo 12 de la resolución 2401 (2018) del Consejo de Seguridad, en los que el Consejo solicitó al Secretario General que le presentase informes, cada 30 días, sobre la aplicación de las resoluciones por todas las partes en el conflicto en la República Árabe Siria. 2. La información que aquí figura se basa en los datos de que disponían los organismos del sistema de las Naciones Unidas y en datos del Gobierno de la República Árabe Siria y de otras fuentes pertinentes. Los datos facilitados por los organismos del sistema de las Naciones Unidas sobre sus entregas de suministros humanitarios corresponden al mes de agosto de 2018. II. Principales acontecimientos Recuadro 1 Aspectos destacados: agosto de 2018 1. Durante el período que abarca el informe, aumentó considerablemente la S preocupación por la perspectiva de operaciones militares en la zona de distensión de D Idlib, donde, entre los días 10 y 12 de agosto, se produjeron ataques aéreos y F explosiones en las provincias de Idlib y Alepo que causaron muertos y heridos entre la población civil. -
American Protestantism and the Kyrias School for Girls, Albania By
Of Women, Faith, and Nation: American Protestantism and the Kyrias School For Girls, Albania by Nevila Pahumi A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) in the University of Michigan 2016 Doctoral Committee: Professor Pamela Ballinger, Co-Chair Professor John V.A. Fine, Co-Chair Professor Fatma Müge Göçek Professor Mary Kelley Professor Rudi Lindner Barbara Reeves-Ellington, University of Oxford © Nevila Pahumi 2016 For my family ii Acknowledgements This project has come to life thanks to the support of people on both sides of the Atlantic. It is now the time and my great pleasure to acknowledge each of them and their efforts here. My long-time advisor John Fine set me on this path. John’s recovery, ten years ago, was instrumental in directing my plans for doctoral study. My parents, like many well-intended first generation immigrants before and after them, wanted me to become a different kind of doctor. Indeed, I made a now-broken promise to my father that I would follow in my mother’s footsteps, and study medicine. But then, I was his daughter, and like him, I followed my own dream. When made, the choice was not easy. But I will always be grateful to John for the years of unmatched guidance and support. In graduate school, I had the great fortune to study with outstanding teacher-scholars. It is my committee members whom I thank first and foremost: Pamela Ballinger, John Fine, Rudi Lindner, Müge Göcek, Mary Kelley, and Barbara Reeves-Ellington. -
“I Lost My Dignity”: Sexual and Gender-Based Violence in the Syrian Arab Republic
A/HRC/37/CRP.3 Distr.: Restricted 8 March 2018 English and Arabic only Human Rights Council Thirty-seventh session 26 February – 23 March 2018 Agenda item 4 Human rights situations that require the Council’s attention. “I lost my dignity”: Sexual and gender-based violence in the Syrian Arab Republic Conference room paper of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic Summary Sexual and gender-based violence against women, girls, men, and boys has been a persistent issue in Syria since the uprising in 2011. Parties to the conflict resort to sexual violence as a tool to instil fear, humiliate and punish or, in the case of terrorist groups, as part of their enforced social order. While the immense suffering induced by these practices impacts Syrians from all backgrounds, women and girls have been disproportionally affected, victimised on multiple grounds, irrespective of perpetrator or geographical area. Government forces and associated militias have perpetrated rape and sexual abuse of women and girls and occasionally men during ground operations, house raids to arrest protestors and perceived opposition supporters, and at checkpoints. In detention, women and girls were subjected to invasive and humiliating searches and raped, sometimes gang- raped, while male detainees were most commonly raped with objects and sometimes subjected to genital mutilation. Rape of women and girls was documented in 20 Government political and military intelligence branches, and rape of men and boys was documented in 15 branches. Sexual violence against females and males is used to force confessions, to extract information, as punishment, as well as to terrorise opposition communities. -
Full Text (PDF)
Journal of Islamic Studies and Culture September 2014, Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 01-23 ISSN: 2333-5904 (Print), 2333-5912 (Online) Copyright © The Author(s). 2014. All Rights Reserved. Published by American Research Institute for Policy Development DOI: 10.15640/jisc.v2n3a1 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.15640/jisc.v2n3a1 The First Message of Qur’an and the Last Messenger: Transforming the Savage World Dr. Humayun Rasheed Khan1 & Arif Rasheed2 Abstract Religion is a matter of faith. Faith in one unseen, invisible, and omnipotent God or it many be a faith in many gods and goddesses having a particular shape and gender placed in a particular clean and pious place, capable of being moved from one place to another. History shows that polytheism and idol worship had been in practice since time immemorial. Pre-Islamic Arabian Peninsula was a citadel of idolatry. Besides idolatry, girl child killing, slavery in most abhorrent form, degraded position of women, tribal superiority, adoption of fair and fouls means and methods in trade and business pushed the Arabs into complete darkness and ignorance. Into this darkness of ignorance, there appeared a light which was destined to be ‘Infinite Light’ in terms of its effects. This light was the divine message through the Last Messenger Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, which illuminated the dark Arabia with wisdom and enlightenment that finally spread in the entire World. The Last Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, brought a message of absolute monotheism and unconditional morality. This paper attempts to highlight the significance of monotheism and the exemplary struggles of the Last Prophet towards reforming the Arabian Peninsula. -
Meccan Sira of Rasulallah-Marriage
Meccan Sira of Rasulallah-Marriage “ And he found you impoverished and enriched you” ا َ َ ْ َو َو َج َد َك َعائًل فأغنى Poverty of Muhammad (saws) and Road to adulthood Why was this stage of his life important? Lesson for all those who take heed... Adolescent Years Life of Poverty Prophets ingenuity and hard work in face of trials Teenage years in Mecca- how did he spend them? What is the gharad (objective) behind this examination? Adolescent years cont... Muhammad (saws) the Shepherd– a reflective period Remarkable attributes and Bahira the Monk Concern for the affairs of the Meccans Earning a living By 20 , Muhammad was put in charge of an entire trading caravan to Syria Major responsibility How he earned respect and reverence of his fellow tribesmen- demonstration of proficiency Al-Sadiq al-Ameen Abu Talib’s financial difficulties Questions of Marriage on the Horizion Early 20’s--- marriage became a very real possibility and question Umm Hani bint Abi Talib ( sister of Ali) Financial independence as an obstacle socially and culturally in Mecca New Opportunity- doors open Muhammad’s righteous adolescence and youth pays its dividends Principle- earning respect through sober and responsible behaviour He is hired by Khadija bint Khuwalid in his mid 20’s as an agent The beginning of life changing critical events—the road paved by God What happened in Syria? Muhammad (saws) goes with Musayrah to Syria ‘alam and remarkable signs illuminate from his character and person A second meeting with a Christian monk Motif—trees