DOCSLIB.ORG

Information to Users

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Information to Users INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus. sorne thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the capy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs. print bleedthrough, substandard margins. and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. ln the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages. these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversae materials (e.g.. maps. drawings. charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left.·hand comer and continuing from 18ft. to right in equal sections with small ovenaps. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6-' x 9" black and white photographie prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. ProOuest Information and leaming 300 North leeb Raad. Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 USA 800-521-Q600 UMI~ • Maryam, Khadija and Fatima as Spiritual Female Models in a1-Taban's Presentation by Laure-Elina 1. Bénard IDstitute ofIslamic Studies McGill University Montreal Atbesis submitted to the Faculty ofGraduate Studies and Researcb in partial fulfilment ofthe requirements for the degree ofMaster ofArts July 1999 @Laure-Elina J. Bénard. 1999 • NationalLJbrary Bibliothèque nationale ofC8nada duC8nada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographie Services services bibliographiques 395 WeIIrngfon StrIet 395, rue Wellington OtIawa ON K1A am Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada canada The author bas granted a noo­ L'auteur a accordé une ücence non exclusive licence alloWÎDg the exclusive pennettant à la National Library ofCanada to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distnbute or sell reproduire, prêter, distrIbuer ou copies ofthis thesis in microform, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la forme de microfiche/film, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author retains ownersbip ofthe L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts from it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. 0-612-64129-5 Cana<M • Ta Dr. Priscilla Starratt • • ABSTRACT Author: Laure-Elina J. Bénard TiUe: Mary~ Khadija and Fatima as Spiritual Female Models in al-Tabari's Presentation. Department: Institute ofIs1amie Studies, McGiU University Degree: Master ofArts Date: July 1999 This thesis is a comparative study ofthree spiritual femaIe models recognized in the Islamic tradition: Mary~ the mother of'lsi, Khadija. the Prophet MulJammad's tirst wife, and Fatima, the Prophet's daughter. Although comparisons between these three women occur frequently in the Islamic ütenture ofdifferent periods., this research focuses on two works orthe famous exegete and historian Abü Ja'far al-Taban (d. 310/923), i.e.., Jâmi' al-BcP 'an Ta'wll al-Our'ïn and Ta'Ùkb al-Rusul wa al-Mulük. ln the Hght oftextual analysis ofal"'Taban's depiction ofthese three women., il appears that their images contnoute towards the formation ofan ideal type ofthe believing Muslim woman. Maryam, Khadija and Fâtima are consistently characterized by their obedience, motherhood and purity. This thesis analyzes aI-Tabari's commenls OD., and understanding of: each ofthese mues. Il also argues that the comparison between these three wom~ as fOlDld in al-Taban's wOlks, serves a wider religious purpose. ParadoxicaUy, Khadija's and Fstima's comparison with Maryam allowed the carly exegetes to establish Islam's CODtinuity with respect to the existing monotheistic religions an~ al the same time, to affirm ils superiority over them. • • RÉsUMÉ Auteur: Laure-Elina J. Bénard Titre: Les modeles spirituels féminins Mary~ Khadija et Fatima dans les oeuvres d'aI-Taban Département: Institut des Études Islamiques. Université McGill Diplôme: Maîtrise es Arts Date: Juillet 1999 Ce mémoire entreprend l'étude comparative de trois modeles spirituels féminins reconnus au sein de la tradition islamique: Maryam, la Mere de 'lsi (Jésus), Khadij~ la premiere femme du Prophete Muf!.ammad et Fatima, la fille du Prophete. Bien que la comparaison entre ces trois femmes apparaisse fréquemment dans la littérature islamique a différentes époques, cette recherche se concentre sur deux travaux du cêlebre exégete et historien Abû Ia'far aI-Taban (m. 310/923), Jimi' al-SaYln 'an Ta'Wil al-OW"in et Ta'rlkh al-Rusul WB al-Mulük. A la lumiere de l'analyse textuelle de la description qu'al-raban fait de ces trois femmes, il apparaît que leur image contn'bue a la fonnation d'un idéal type de la femme musulmane croyante. Maryam, Khadija et Fatima sont caractérisées de Maniere constante par leur obéissance, leur maternité et leur pureté. Ce mémoire analyse les commentaires et définitions d'al-Taban sur chacune de ces vertus. Ce mémoire révele également que la comparaison entre ces trois femmes, telles que présentées dans les travaux d'al-Tabarl, répond a des motifs religieux plus globaux. Parddoxalement, la comparaison de Khadija et Fatima avec Maryam a pennis aux premiers exégetes d'inscrire l'Islam en continuité avec les religions monothéistes déja existantes, et, en même temps, d'affirmer la préséance de l'Islam sur ces autres • traditions. • ACKNOWLEDGMENT With the completion ofthis thesis the lime has come for me to express my very deep gratitude to Professor ÛUer Turgay, my academic advisor and thesis supervisor. Despite a heavy schedule of administratio~teaching and supervising other graduate students, he bas constantly encouraged me in my research throughout this past year, and be has allowed me the time and the independence 1desired to accomplish tbis work; tbis being sai~ he bas always made bimselfavailable and shown great understanding at crucial moments. [ am also very grateful to him for the financial assistance 1was granted for my yeus ofstudy at the Institute ofIslamic Studies. Also at tbis time, 1would like to take the opPOrtunity to thank the professors onder wbom 1have studied over the last two years, especially Prot: W. Hallaq, Prot: H. Landolt, Prof. T. Lawson, Prof. D. Little and Prof: E. Ormsby. Their lectures and critiques ofmy work have benefitted me immensely, and, in Many ways, tbeir influence shows in tbis thesis. 1am sincerely grateful to cach ofthem for sharing their knowledge with me. A special group ofpeople were ofparticular assistance in helping me cope with the demands ofresearch materials and administrative paperwork. 1would like to thank Salw8 Ferahian, ofthe Islamic Stumes Library, for ber moral support and her flexibility regarding my work scbedule; Wayne St. Thomas. also orthe Library, for bis invaluable and dependable help in obtaining certain books; and AnD Yaxley and Dawn Richard, of the Institute's office, for their confidence in me and their patience in dealing with my year-Iong questions about deadlines and paperwork.. Three other people in particular provided crucial help in the writing ofmy thesis, and 1know 1will never he able to thank them enough. First, there is Khaleel Mohammad He bas always been willing to sbare with me bis iDsights on Maryam, the • üi mother of'1s, and he bas always provi~ and still does (1), numerous suggestions and • helpful comments on my topie. However, 1am especially indebted to him for his patient and inestimable assistance in the translation ofeertain passages ofal-Tabaii's IIfm. 1 certainly did leam considerably from tbis experience. Th~ there is Keith ChristotTersen. He has freely taken precious hours ofhis time to edit my work:, and did 50 exceUently. In exchange, 1was very happy to give him sorne belp with leaming my own mothertongue, French. Yet, 1know 1have received much more than 1have given. Again. 1am grateful for bis generosity. Last, but not least, is Steve Millier. Despite his already-full schedule ofwork and editing. he bas been willing to take sorne ofhis lime to scan my thesis and apply to it bis amazing editorial skills. 1also want to thank him for confonning to my time schedule. Truly, there are no words strong enough to express ail my gratitude (or bis help. As formy "family" in Montreal, 1would like to thank my close tiiend Séverine for her UDconditional support and her irresistible sense ofhumor. 1owe her and my other friends an apology for often being absent- or single-minded during the period in which 1 was fully occupied with writing tbis thesis, and heartfelt thanks go to Margaret, Maire, Diane and Richard. To ail these people and others dear to me that 1have not named,. 1 express my sincere gratitude, for without them the accomplisbment oftbis work would have been m intolerable burden. Fmally, 1would like to express my amazement at the unconditional support my parents have always granted me. Truly~ they should be mentioned first in my acknowledgments, for, without th~ 1would never have had the opportlDÛty to enjoy ail ofthe above. • iv • TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRA.CT ......•...........•.... ........•..... i RÉsUMÉ ..........................•.....................•................................................................ ii ACKNOWLEDGMENT iii TABLE OF CONTENTS v TRANSLlTERATION AND QUR'ANIe TRANSLATION vii INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 1: The Scholarly Contribution ofal-Taban 9 A) Elements for a Biography ofal-Taban Il a) TlJe PoU/icaJ COD/eX! of111- Tabarl's lime •••••.....••.••.....•.. Il b) TlJe Sistus ofScbol1ll'S onder tbe 'Abbisids 13 c) TlJe Biognpbyof111-[absii " ".......................... 14 d) A/-Tabari andthe Shi'.: an Assessment ofthe Po/emic 19 B) Al-Tabari's Literary Production 22 a) Jïmi' al-Oein 'an Ta'wi( al-Qur'in 24 1) BriefHistoryof.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Destruction of Religious and Cultural Sites I. Introduction The
    Mapping the Saudi State, Chapter 7: The Destruction of Religious and Cultural Sites I. Introduction The Ministry for Islamic Affairs, Endowments, Da’wah, and Guidance, commonly abbreviated to the Ministry of Islamic Affairs (MOIA), supervises and regulates religious activity in Saudi Arabia. Whereas the Commission for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice (CPVPV) directly enforces religious law, as seen in Mapping the Saudi State, Chapter 1,1 the MOIA is responsible for the administration of broader religious services. According to the MOIA, its primary duties include overseeing the coordination of Islamic societies and organizations, the appointment of clergy, and the maintenance and construction of mosques.2 Yet, despite its official mission to “preserve Islamic values” and protect mosques “in a manner that fits their sacred status,”3 the MOIA is complicit in a longstanding government campaign against the peninsula’s traditional heritage – Islamic or otherwise. Since 1925, the Al Saud family has overseen the destruction of tombs, mosques, and historical artifacts in Jeddah, Medina, Mecca, al-Khobar, Awamiyah, and Jabal al-Uhud. According to the Islamic Heritage Research Foundation, between just 1985 and 2014 – through the MOIA’s founding in 1993 –the government demolished 98% of the religious and historical sites located in Saudi Arabia.4 The MOIA’s seemingly contradictory role in the destruction of Islamic holy places, commentators suggest, is actually the byproduct of an equally incongruous alliance between the forces of Wahhabism and commercialism.5 Compelled to acknowledge larger demographic and economic trends in Saudi Arabia – rapid population growth, increased urbanization, and declining oil revenues chief among them6 – the government has increasingly worked to satisfy both the Wahhabi religious establishment and the kingdom’s financial elite.
    [Show full text]
  • Sayyida Khadija (PBUH)
    Sayyida Khadija (PBUH) SAYYIDA KHADIJA (pbuh) Family Tree Qusay Abd Manaf Abdu Uzza Hashim Asad Abdul Khuwaylid * Muttalib * (Khalid) Abdullah Khadija Muhammed * Custodian of the Ka’ba WWW.QFATIMA.COM 11 Key Facts Born in Makka to Khuwaylid & Fatima Bint Za’idah 567 CE Siblings Hala, Usayd & Awwam Children Qasim, Abdullah (died in infancy) Fatima (pbuh). She looked after Zaynab, Umm Kulthum & Ruqayya (daughters of her sister Hala who died) Died in Makka in 620 CE Aged 52 yrs There is Khadija the daughter of Khuwaylid who was the joint custodian of the Ka’ba with Abdul Muttalib; Khadija the successful business women; Khadija the guardian of orphans, Khadija the princess of Makka; Khadija the wife and support of Rasulullah; Khadija the mother of Fatima (pbuh) and then there is Khadija whom Rasulullah (pbuh) said was one of the women of Janna (paradise). She was born in Makka around 567 CE (the date of her birth is not known by any historian) to Khuwaylid and Fatima. Khuwaylid was a successful business man and the joint custodian of the Ka’ba with Abdul Muttalib. Her parents died early within WWW.QFATIMA.COM 2 2 10 years of each other leaving her and her siblings Awwam, Usayd and Hala orphans. She continued the family business of running trade caravans in the Summer to Syria and to Yemen in Winter becoming a successful business woman in her own right. On learning of the excellence of Muhammad (pbuh); she employs him to be her manager. She proposes to him and he accepts. The marriage was a happy one with 3 children – Qasim, Abdullah (Both who died in infancy) and Fatima (pbuh).
    [Show full text]
  • UC Santa Barbara Dissertation Template
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Santa Barbara Protestant Missions, Seminaries and the Academic Study of Islam in the United States A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Religious Studies by Caleb D. McCarthy Committee in charge: Professor Juan E. Campo, Chair Professor Kathleen M. Moore Professor Ann Taves June 2018 The dissertation of Caleb D. McCarthy is approved. _____________________________________________ Kathleen M. Moore _____________________________________________ Ann Taves _____________________________________________ Juan E. Campo, Committee Chair June 2018 Protestant Missions, Seminaries and the Academic Study of Islam in the United States Copyright © 2018 by Caleb D. McCarthy iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS While the production of a dissertation is commonly idealized as a solitary act of scholarly virtuosity, the reality might be better expressed with slight emendation to the oft- quoted proverb, “it takes a village to write a dissertation.” This particular dissertation at least exists only in light of the significant support I have received over the years. To my dissertation committee Ann Taves, Kathleen Moore and, especially, advisor Juan Campo, I extend my thanks for their productive advice and critique along the way. They are the most prominent among many faculty members who have encouraged my scholarly development. I am also indebted to the Council on Information and Library Research of the Andrew C. Mellon Foundation, which funded the bulk of my archival research – without their support this project would not have been possible. Likewise, I am grateful to the numerous librarians and archivists who guided me through their collections – in particular, UCSB’s retired Middle East librarian Meryle Gaston, and the Near East School of Theology in Beriut’s former librarian Christine Linder.
    [Show full text]
  • A Textual Analysis of the Hadīths of Āishah's Age at the Time of Her Marriage to the Prophet Muhammad (Saw)
    A Textual Analysis of the Hadīths of Āishah’s Age at the Time of Her Marriage to the Prophet Muhammad (saw) “Hz. Âişe’nin Hz. Peygamber (s.a.v.) ile Evlendiğindeki Yaşına Sulaiman Kamal-deen OLAWALE, Dr.* Dair Hadislerin Metin Tenkîdi” Özet: Bu makale, Hz. Âişe’nin Hz. Peygamber ile söz kesildiğinde altı, zifafa girdiğine ise dokuz yaşında olduğuna dair hadislerin tenkîdî bir tahlîlini konu edinmektedir. Bu konuya dair hadisler İslâm’da, genellikle çocuk yaştaki çocukların evlendirilmesinin câiz olduğu inancına yol açmıştır. Bu meseleye yönelik, İslâm dünyasında karışık bir tepki meydana getirmiştir. Bazı kimseler Hz. Âişe’nin, Hz. Peygamberin eşi olarak evine girdiğinde dokuz yaşında olduğunda ısrar ederken, diğer bir kesim de on dokuz yaşında olduğunu savunmuştur. Sözkonusu yaklaşım, Kur’ân-ı Kerîm ve hadisler yanında tamamıyla el yazmaları, kitaplar, akademik dergiler, internet, dergiler gibi tamamen yazılı kaynaklardan hareketle ortaya konulmuştur. Bu çalışma, Hz. Âişe’nin yaşının hadislerin rivâyeti esnasında ciddi derecede yanlış rivâyet edildiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Kaldı ki, bu olayı tarihî verilere dayalı olarak anlatan rivâyetler güvenilirliğin üst düzeyinde değildir. Bu makale, konuyu nesnel bir noktadan ele almayı önermekte ve şayet Hz. Peygamber (s.a.v.) insanlık için bir modelse ve hayatı boyunca Kur’ân’a göre hayat sürdüyse ve Allah Kur’ân’da onun sağlam karakterine şâhitlik etmişse, onun altı veya dokuz yaşında, olgunlaşmamış, oyun çağında bir kız çocuğu ile evlenemeyeceği sonucuna ulaşmaktadır. Atıf: Sulaiman Kamal-deen OLAWALE, “A Textual Analysis of the Hadīths of Āishah’s Age at the Time of Her Marriage to the Prophet Muhammad (saw)”, Hadis Tetkikleri Dergisi, (HTD), XII/1, 2014, ss. 23-34.
    [Show full text]
  • Women's Rights in Islam Regarding Marriage and Divorce Imani Jaafar-Mohammad
    Journal of Law and Practice Volume 4 Article 3 2011 Women's Rights in Islam Regarding Marriage and Divorce Imani Jaafar-Mohammad Charlie Lehmann Follow this and additional works at: http://open.mitchellhamline.edu/lawandpractice Part of the Family Law Commons Recommended Citation Jaafar-Mohammad, Imani and Lehmann, Charlie (2011) "Women's Rights in Islam Regarding Marriage and Divorce," Journal of Law and Practice: Vol. 4, Article 3. Available at: http://open.mitchellhamline.edu/lawandpractice/vol4/iss1/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Reviews and Journals at Mitchell Hamline Open Access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Law and Practice by an authorized administrator of Mitchell Hamline Open Access. For more information, please contact [email protected]. © Mitchell Hamline School of Law Women's Rights in Islam Regarding Marriage and Divorce Keywords Muslim women--Legal status laws etc., Women's rights--Religious aspects--Islam, Marriage (Islamic law) This article is available in Journal of Law and Practice: http://open.mitchellhamline.edu/lawandpractice/vol4/iss1/3 Jaafar-Mohammad and Lehmann: Women's Rights in Islam Regarding Marriage and Divorce WOMEN’S RIGHTS IN ISLAM REGARDING MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE 4 Wm. Mitchell J. L. & P. 3* By: Imani Jaafar-Mohammad, Esq. and Charlie Lehmann+ I. INTRODUCTION There are many misconceptions surrounding women’s rights in Islam. The purpose of this article is to shed some light on the basic rights of women in Islam in the context of marriage and divorce. This article is only to be viewed as a basic outline of women’s rights in Islam regarding marriage and divorce.
    [Show full text]
  • Remembering Joseph Schacht (1902‑1969) by Jeanette Wakin ILSP
    ILSP Islamic Legal Studies Program Harvard Law School Remembering Joseph Schacht (1902-1969) by Jeanette Wakin Occasional Publications January © by the Presdent and Fellows of Harvard College All rghts reserved Prnted n the Unted States of Amerca ISBN --- The Islamic Legal Studies Program s dedcated to achevng excellence n the study of Islamc law through objectve and comparatve methods. It seeks to foster an atmosphere of open nqury whch em- braces many perspectves, both Muslm and non-Mus- lm, and to promote a deep apprecaton of Islamc law as one of the world’s major legal systems. The man focus of work at the Program s on Islamc law n the contemporary world. Ths focus accommodates the many nterests and dscplnes that contrbute to the study of Islamc law, ncludng the study of ts wrt- ngs and hstory. Frank Vogel Director Per Bearman Associate Director Islamc Legal Studes Program Pound Hall Massachusetts Ave. Cambrdge, MA , USA Tel: -- Fax: -- E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.law.harvard.edu/programs/ILSP Table of Contents Preface v Text, by Jeanette Wakin Bblography v Preface The followng artcle, by the late Jeanette Wakn of Columba Unversty, a frend of our Program and one of the leaders n the field of Islamc legal studes n the Unted States, memoralzes one of the most famous of Western Islamc legal scholars, her men- tor Joseph Schacht (d. ). Ths pece s nvaluable for many reasons, but foremost because t preserves and relably nterprets many facts about Schacht’s lfe and work. Equally, however—especally snce t s one of Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • Two Queens of ^Baghdad Oi.Uchicago.Edu
    oi.uchicago.edu Two Queens of ^Baghdad oi.uchicago.edu Courtesy of Dr. Erich Schmidt TOMB OF ZUBAIDAH oi.uchicago.edu Two Queens of Baghdad MOTHER AND WIFE OF HARUN AL-RASH I D By NABIA ABBOTT ti Vita 0CCO' cniia latur THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS CHICAGO • ILLINOIS oi.uchicago.edu The University of Chicago Press • Chicago 37 Agent: Cambridge University Press • London Copyright 1946 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. Published 1946. Composed and printed by The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A. oi.uchicago.edu Preface HE historical and legendary fame of Harun al- Rashld, the most renowned of the caliphs of Bagh­ dad and hero of many an Arabian Nights' tale, has ren­ dered him for centuries a potent attraction for his­ torians, biographers, and litterateurs. Early Moslem historians recognized a measure of political influence exerted on him by his mother Khaizuran and by his wife Zubaidah. His more recent biographers have tended either to exaggerate or to underestimate the role of these royal women, and all have treated them more or less summarily. It seemed, therefore, desirable to break fresh ground in an effort to uncover all the pertinent his­ torical materials on the two queens themselves, in order the better to understand and estimate the nature and the extent of their influence on Harun and on several others of the early cAbbasid caliphs. As the work progressed, first Khaizuran and then Zubaidah emerged from the privacy of the royal harem to the center of the stage of early cAbbasid history.
    [Show full text]
  • Nabia Abbott, the First Woman Faculty Member of the Oriental In­ Stitute, Joined Its Staff in 1933 and Became Professor Emeritus in 1963
    oi.uchicago.edu Photo by Jean Grant Nabia Abbott, the first woman faculty member of the Oriental In­ stitute, joined its staff in 1933 and became Professor Emeritus in 1963. When I visited her this past spring in her apartment on the Midway, I expected her to recall such aspects of her career as the discrimination that I knew she had faced as a professional woman in those pre-liber- ation days; her pioneering work on the position of women in the Is­ lamic Middle East; her classic study of the rise of the North Arabic script; her massive, painstaking, and path-breaking investigations of Arabic literary papyri, which have akeady revolutionized the study of the culture of early Islam; or the many projects (including an exten­ sive study of the introduction of the use of paper into the Middle East) which she was forced to abandon because of failing health. In­ stead, I found her hard at work on a major review of a recent book in German on an important Arabic historical papyrus document. "There are very few young scholars willing to undertake the hard labor in­ volved in the study of Arabic papyri," she said, "and I want to write a critical review that will encourage this able young author to con­ tinue in this field and enhance it." Nabia Abbott traveled far to reach the Oriental Institute. Born in Mardin (in southwest Turkey) on January 31, 1897, she, as yet a child, traveled with her family in a covered wagon with a caravan of nomad horsemen down to Mosul, sailed down the Tigris to Baghdad, and later through the Persian Gulf and Arabian Sea to Bombay (1907).
    [Show full text]
  • American Protestantism and the Kyrias School for Girls, Albania By
    Of Women, Faith, and Nation: American Protestantism and the Kyrias School For Girls, Albania by Nevila Pahumi A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) in the University of Michigan 2016 Doctoral Committee: Professor Pamela Ballinger, Co-Chair Professor John V.A. Fine, Co-Chair Professor Fatma Müge Göçek Professor Mary Kelley Professor Rudi Lindner Barbara Reeves-Ellington, University of Oxford © Nevila Pahumi 2016 For my family ii Acknowledgements This project has come to life thanks to the support of people on both sides of the Atlantic. It is now the time and my great pleasure to acknowledge each of them and their efforts here. My long-time advisor John Fine set me on this path. John’s recovery, ten years ago, was instrumental in directing my plans for doctoral study. My parents, like many well-intended first generation immigrants before and after them, wanted me to become a different kind of doctor. Indeed, I made a now-broken promise to my father that I would follow in my mother’s footsteps, and study medicine. But then, I was his daughter, and like him, I followed my own dream. When made, the choice was not easy. But I will always be grateful to John for the years of unmatched guidance and support. In graduate school, I had the great fortune to study with outstanding teacher-scholars. It is my committee members whom I thank first and foremost: Pamela Ballinger, John Fine, Rudi Lindner, Müge Göcek, Mary Kelley, and Barbara Reeves-Ellington.
    [Show full text]
  • THE Had3th TH Vol1 A01.Qxd 9/11/09 14:05 Page Ii
    TH_Vol1_A01.qxd 9/11/09 14:05 Page i THE hAD3TH TH_Vol1_A01.qxd 9/11/09 14:05 Page ii Critical Concepts in Islamic Studies Other titles in this series The Koran Edited with a new introduction by Colin Turner 4 volume set Islam and Globalization Edited with a new introduction by Shahram Akbarzadeh 4 volume set Political Islam Edited with a new introduction by Barry Rubin 3 volume set Shi“ism Edited with a new introduction by Paul Luft and Colin Turner 4 volume set Sufism Edited with a new introduction by Lloyd Ridgeon 4 volume set Islam: Primary Sources Edited by Lloyd Ridgeon 6 volume set World Islam Edited with a new introduction by Andrew Rippin 4 volume set Islam in Southeast Asia Edited by Joseph Liow and Nadirsyah Hosen 4 volume set Forthcoming titles: Islamic Law Edited by Gavin Picken 4 volume set Jihad and Martyrdom Edited by David Cook 4 volume set Islam in the West Edited by David Westerlund and Ingvar Svanberg 4 volume set Islamic Medical and Scientific Tradition Edited by Peter Pormann 4 volume set TH_Vol1_A01.qxd 9/11/09 14:05 Page iii THE hAD3TH Critical Concepts in Islamic Studies Edited by Mustafa Shah Volume I Codification, Authenticity TH_Vol1_A01.qxd 9/11/09 14:05 Page iv First published 2010 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN, UK Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business Editorial material and selection © 2010, Mustafa Shah; individual owners retain copyright in their own material Typeset in 10/12pt Times NR MT by Graphicraft Limited, Hong Kong Printed and bound in Great Britain by MPG Group Ltd, Bodmin, Cornwall All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • Full Text (PDF)
    Journal of Islamic Studies and Culture September 2014, Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 01-23 ISSN: 2333-5904 (Print), 2333-5912 (Online) Copyright © The Author(s). 2014. All Rights Reserved. Published by American Research Institute for Policy Development DOI: 10.15640/jisc.v2n3a1 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.15640/jisc.v2n3a1 The First Message of Qur’an and the Last Messenger: Transforming the Savage World Dr. Humayun Rasheed Khan1 & Arif Rasheed2 Abstract Religion is a matter of faith. Faith in one unseen, invisible, and omnipotent God or it many be a faith in many gods and goddesses having a particular shape and gender placed in a particular clean and pious place, capable of being moved from one place to another. History shows that polytheism and idol worship had been in practice since time immemorial. Pre-Islamic Arabian Peninsula was a citadel of idolatry. Besides idolatry, girl child killing, slavery in most abhorrent form, degraded position of women, tribal superiority, adoption of fair and fouls means and methods in trade and business pushed the Arabs into complete darkness and ignorance. Into this darkness of ignorance, there appeared a light which was destined to be ‘Infinite Light’ in terms of its effects. This light was the divine message through the Last Messenger Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, which illuminated the dark Arabia with wisdom and enlightenment that finally spread in the entire World. The Last Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, brought a message of absolute monotheism and unconditional morality. This paper attempts to highlight the significance of monotheism and the exemplary struggles of the Last Prophet towards reforming the Arabian Peninsula.
    [Show full text]
  • Meccan Sira of Rasulallah-Marriage
    Meccan Sira of Rasulallah-Marriage “ And he found you impoverished and enriched you” ا َ َ ْ َو َو َج َد َك َعائًل فأغنى Poverty of Muhammad (saws) and Road to adulthood Why was this stage of his life important? Lesson for all those who take heed... Adolescent Years Life of Poverty Prophets ingenuity and hard work in face of trials Teenage years in Mecca- how did he spend them? What is the gharad (objective) behind this examination? Adolescent years cont... Muhammad (saws) the Shepherd– a reflective period Remarkable attributes and Bahira the Monk Concern for the affairs of the Meccans Earning a living By 20 , Muhammad was put in charge of an entire trading caravan to Syria Major responsibility How he earned respect and reverence of his fellow tribesmen- demonstration of proficiency Al-Sadiq al-Ameen Abu Talib’s financial difficulties Questions of Marriage on the Horizion Early 20’s--- marriage became a very real possibility and question Umm Hani bint Abi Talib ( sister of Ali) Financial independence as an obstacle socially and culturally in Mecca New Opportunity- doors open Muhammad’s righteous adolescence and youth pays its dividends Principle- earning respect through sober and responsible behaviour He is hired by Khadija bint Khuwalid in his mid 20’s as an agent The beginning of life changing critical events—the road paved by God What happened in Syria? Muhammad (saws) goes with Musayrah to Syria ‘alam and remarkable signs illuminate from his character and person A second meeting with a Christian monk Motif—trees
    [Show full text]