Environmenta l Monitoring Report

Project Number: 44035-014 May 2020

PRC: Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project – Environmental Monitoring Report (July to December 2019)

Prepared by the Project Management Office of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region for the Asian Development Bank.

This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Director, Management or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Project Loan Number: 2973-PRC

ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project

Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019)

Submitted to ADB

Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation

Demonstration Project PMO January 2020

P a g e | ii

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 31 December 2019, source from website of the Bank of China)

Currency unit – yuan (CNY) CNY 1.00 = $0.1433 $1.00 = CNY 6.9762

ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank AQG – Air Quality Guideline BOD 5 – 5-Day Biochemical Oxygen Demand CNY – Chinese yuan CO – Carbon Monoxide COD – Chemical Oxygen Demand CPS – Country Partnership Strategy EA – Executing Agency EHS – Environment, Health and Safety EIRR – economic internal rate of return EIRF – environmental impact registration form EIS – environmental impact statement EMC – environmental management consultant EMP – environmental management plan EMS – environmental monitoring station EPB – environmental protection bureau GDP – gross domestic product IA – implementing agency IEE – initial environmental examination IEM – independent environmental monitor MEP – Ministry of Environmental Protection NARC – Ningxia Agricultural Reclamation Group Company, Ltd NFD – Ningxia Finance Department PIO – project implementing office PMO – project management office PRC – People‘s Republic of China RP – resettlement plan SPS – Safeguard Policy Statement TDS – total dissolved solid TEIAR – tabular environmental impact assessment report WUA – water users association.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES dB(A) – decibel ( “A” weighting filter) ha – hectare kg/d – kilogram per day km – kilometer km 2 – square kilometer kPa – kilopascal m – meter m2 – square meter m3 – cubic meter m3/d – cubic meter per day m3/s – cubic meter per second mg/m 3 – milligram per cubic meter ML – megaliter

P a g e | iii mm – millimeter mu = Chinese unit of land area equal to 1/15 ha or 667 m 2

NOTE In this report, "$" refers to US dollars.

This addendum to the initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

P a g e | iv ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 )

Contents 1 Introduction ...... 1 2 Institutional Setup and Responsibilities for EMP Implementation and Supervision, Institutional Strengthening and Training ...... 8 2.1Responsibilities and Authorities for Implementation ...... 8 2.2Institutional Strengthening and Training ...... 16 3 Environmental Mitigations and Compensation Measures Implemented in the Reporting Period ...... 20 3.1 Environmental Clauses in Civil Works Contracts ...... 20 3.2 Environmental Mitigations and Compensation Measures Implemented in the reporting period ..... 20 4 Summary of Environmental Monitoring ...... 41 4.1Monitoring plan ...... 41 4.2Monitoring Results ...... 46 4.3Cost Estimates for Environmental Management ...... 49 4.4Performance Indicators: ...... 50 4.5Public Consultation ...... 52 4.6Grievance Redress Mechanism ...... 54 4.7Reporting and Supervision ...... 56 5 Conclusion s and Recommendations ...... 63 5.1Key issues ...... 63 5.2 Suggestions ...... 63

Appendices Appendix 1 Satellite maps and photos ...... 65 Appendix 2 Reference: Ecology status in Ningxia(related to the Project Area) ...... 80 Appendix 3 Reference: Agriculture related environmental indicators in Yinchuan City (related to the Binggou, Wuhudun, and Ma’anshan subprojects) ...... 81 Appendix 4 Reference:Climate in Ningxia (related to the Project Area) ...... 82 Appendix 5 2019 Environment Quality in Yinchuan (related to the Binggou, Wuhudun, and Ma’anshan subprojects ) ...... 83 Appendix 6 EHS training records (sample) ...... 85

P a g e | v ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 )

Figure Project Layout

P a g e | vi ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 )

1. Introduction

General Introduction

1. Monitoring and reporting were required and defined in the Project Agreement, PAM and EMP. So far, three environmental monitoring reports (EMR) covering January-June 2014, July 2014 to December 2018 and January to June 2019 were submitted and disclosed on the ADB project website respectively in January 2015 and January/July 2019. This is the fourth (4 th ) semi-annual environmental monitoring report for the Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project (the Project or this Project) for the period from 1 July to 31 December 2019. It is prepared by the PMO with the assistance of the independent loan implementation environmental consultant (LIEC). The LIEC has been providing project implementation consulting services to the PMO. Future EMRs will be submitted to ADB semiannually until project completion.

2. This report describes the activities undertaken in the period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 with respect to the implementation of the environmental management plan (EMP) of the Project components. This report mainly contains the following activities and topics: (i) the environmental institutional strengthening and capacity building; (ii) mitigation measures undertaken to minimize adverse environmental impacts arising from the construction of the Project facilities; (iii) EMP implementation monitoring activities conducted and monitoring results analysis; (iv) public consultation activities; and (v) conclusions and suggestions.

Description of the Project

3. ADB approved a loan of $70.0 million for Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project on 14 December 2012. The loan was signed on 7 May 2013 and became effective on 27 June 2013. The project improve the value of horticultural crops by planting high-value and high-quality varieties, constructing water conservation infrastructure, promoting sustainable farming practices, and developing institutional capacity.

4. The project’s impact will be improved sustainability of agricultural production in Ningxia. The outcome will be increased quality and value of horticultural crops in Ningxia. The project have four outputs: (i) improved irrigation systems, (ii) improved agriculture farms, (iii) increased grape processing capacity, and (iv) strengthened institutional and farmer capacity. Originally, the project is being implemented over a five-year period with the physical completion of the project by 30 June 2018 (original completion date at appraisal). ADB approved a scope change in December 2017 as per the government request. With the scope change, the loan closing date is extended from 31 December 2018 to 30 June 2020.

5. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Government is the executing agency acting through Ningxia Finance Department (NFD). The project implementing offices (PIOs) include Ningxia Agriculture Reclamation Group Cooperation (NARG) Limited, Tongxin County Government (TCG), Hongsipu District Government, and Yinchuan Municipality Government (YMG). A project management office (PMO) hosted by Yinchuan Finance Bureau coordinates day-to-day administrative matters on behalf of NFD.

P a g e | 1 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 )

6. The project is classified as Category B for environment by ADB, which is expected to provide environmental benefits including improved irrigation water use efficiency, reduced farmland soil erosion, reduced use of fertilizers and pesticides, reduced sediment runoff to surface water, and adoption of sustainable agricultural techniques. Key environment related documents including: (i) consolidated initial environmental examination (CIEE) which was circulated to ADB in September 2012; (ii) EMP as elaborated in the CIEE; and (iii) project administration manual (PAM). There are engineering solutions and best practice methods that have been specified in the environmental management plan (EMP) to ensure that the potential adverse environmental impacts/risks are avoided where possible and/or minimized. In line with the EMP requirements, environmental specification clauses have been prepared in the civil work contracts.

7. Due diligence of scope changes. In December 2016, the PMO proposed to add three new subprojects (Binggou, Wuhudun, and Ma’anshan subprojects in Yinchuan Municipality) replacing some existing subprojects completed by government funds or without progress yet. For the existing Hongsipu subproject, a total length of 19.7km access road with asphalt pavement is proposed to newly add. For Tongxin subproject, 666.7 ha of Chinese dates orchards are proposed to be replaced by 666.7 ha of yellowhorn orchards, at same location within same scope as the original CIEE dated September 2012. An environmental addendum was prepared on basis of the domestic EIA prepared for the three new subprojects in Yinchuan Municipality in September 2017. Correspondingly, the EMP was updated in according with the environmental addendum. With these changes, Yinchuan Municipality Government (YMG) is included as a PIO while Yanchi County Government is not involved in the project anymore.

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION PROGRESS

8. The project has made substantial progress since the scope change in December 2017. The overall project progress is about 80% against 90% of time elapsed. Implementation progress of each output is as follows:

(i) Output 1: Improved irrigation system has been installed for 4 vineyard farms, 1 Chinese date orchard and 3 demonstration farms with a total area of 2,529.5 hectare (ha), or 100% of the planned area, including 469.5 ha for NARG, 333.3 ha for Hongsipu, 666.7 ha of Chinese date orchards in Tongxin, 481 ha of yellow-horn planted in Tongxin County, 468 ha of a water saving and conservation demonstration farm developed in Bingou and 111 ha of a comprehensive modern agriculture farm development at Ma’anshan. The field works of irrigation structures in Binggou modern agriculture demonstration started in late September 2018 and completed in June 2019. The field works in Ma’anshan, Wuhudun, and Tongxin started in March 2019, and were completed in general in December 2019.

(ii) Output 2: Improved vineyards and Chinese date orchards. One of NARG’s six planned vineyards was established with a total area of 180 ha, or 14.3% of the target area. Vineyards at two farms were rehabilitated with a total area of 289.5ha, or 21.6% of the planned area. Establishment of new vineyards in Hongsipu and Chinese date orchards in Tongxin has been completed. Yellowhorn plantation in Tongxin started in September 2019 and completed in December 2019. Shelterbelts establishment in Wuhudun and Ma’anshan started in March 2019 and completed by December of 2019.

P a g e | 2 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 )

Overall, the planting survival rate was more than 90% during this reporting period.

(i) Output 3: Increased Grape Processing Capacity. The component supports NARG’s grape processing and has been completed in 2015.

(ii) Output 4: Strengthened institutional and farmer capacity. Training for grape growers and vineyard managers are conducted regularly, including water saving irrigation and fertilizer application, and pesticide management. Monitoring and quality control systems were developed under the previous ADB project and have been applied in vineyard management. Farmers associations and water user associations have been well established and play active role in irrigation management and grape growing. Consultants were fielded in October 2016, October 2018/November 2018 and August 2019.

P a g e | 3 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) Table 1- 1 Implementation Progress and Proposed Changes (as of 31 December 2019) No. Indicators Unit of Baseline Progress/ Status Next action plan Measurement Value (2011) 1. improved irrigation systems Improved irrigation system has been Water-efficient drip and hose installed for 4 vineyard farms, 1 Chinese 1a irrigation installed in all project N date orchard and 3 demonstration farms vineyards and orchards with a total area of 2,529.5 hectare (ha), or 100% of the planned area, including 469.5 ha for NARG, 333.3 ha for Hongsipu, 666.7 ha of Chinese date orchards in Tongxin 1, 481 ha of yellow- horn planted in Tongxin County, 468 ha of a water saving and conservation demonstration farm developed in Bingou and 111 ha of a comprehensive modern agriculture farm development at Ma’anshan.

Total irrigated area increased by ha 0 The field works of irrigation structures in The field works in Ma’anshan, 1b 2,526 ha 2 Binggou modern agriculture Wuhudun, and Tongxin are to demonstration started in late September complete fully in the 1 st half of 2020. 2018 and completed in June 2019. The field works in Ma’anshan, Wuhudun, and Tongxin started in March 2019, and were completed in general in December 2019.

Annual water savings of approximately 10 Ongoing monitoring and reporting. Annual irrigation water savings of million m 3 of irrigation water currently 1c about 3 million m 3 from 18.6 m3 1860 being applied flood irrigation and high million m 3 in 2010 water demand crops (for details, please see Chapter 4.2 ) 2. improved vineyards and Chinese date orchards 3 180 ha of new vineyards One of NARG’s six planned vineyards Not applicable 2a ha 0 developed under NARG was established with a total area of 180

1 For details, please see the below 2a to 2g. 2 Considering the completed 1,934.2ha and newly added three components at mid-term review (For details, please see the below 2e to 2g) 3 NARG decided to cancel uncompleted establishment and rehabilitation of vineyards. NARG’s total plantation area of vineyards is about 9,000 ha and has exceeded its wine making and storing capacity while the sales have not developed proportionally. Moreover, due to the fast growing domestic wineries as well as increasing volume of imported wines, NARG has faced great marketing difficulties and thus will have to limit its making and storing capacity to deal with the changing market. With the support of ADB Loan 2436 Ningxia Integrated Ecosystem and Agriculture Development Project, NARG established 2,400 ha of vineyards fully installed with water-saving irrigation systems. NARG’s total wine making and storing capacity is 45,000 ton per year, of which 10,000 ton was added by the Loan 2436 and 15,000 ton was added by the ongoing ADB project. The current making and storing capacity can support only 6,000 ha of vineyards (the average yield is about 12 ton/ha). P a g e | 4 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) No. Indicators Unit of Baseline Progress/ Status Next action plan Measurement Value (2011) ha, or 14.3% of the originally target area (1,256.7ha) 4. Vineyards at two farms were rehabilitated Not applicable 800 ha of existing vineyards with a total area of 289.5ha, or 21.6% of 2b ha 0 rehabilitated under NARG the originally planned area (1,343.3ha) 5.

The planned 333.3 ha of vineyards establishment had been completed in 2014 including water-saving irrigation systems.

Loan savings about $1.9 million will be About 333.3 ha of new vineyards used to upgrade agricultural roads about 2c ha 0 developed in Hongsipu district 19.7 kilometers (km) within the original vineyards established under the project. (newly proposed at mid-term review, and approved in 2017). The 19.7km Not applicable agricultural roads are expected to complete in general by end of 2019.

The planned Chinese dates orchards About 666.7 ha of Chinese dates 2d ha 0 (666.7 ha) had been completed using planted in Tongxin government funds in 2013 (newly proposed at mid-term review, and approved in 2017)

About 481 ha of yellow-horn 2e ha 0 The field works in Tongxin started in Not applicable planted in Tongxin County March 2019. Yellowhorn plantation in Tongxin started in September 2019 and completed in November 2019. (newly proposed at mid-term review, and Not applicable approved in 2017) About 468 ha of a water saving 2f 6 and conservation demonstration ha 0 The field works of Binggou modern farm developed at Bingou agriculture demonstration started in late September 2018 and completed in June 2019.

4 (1)Huangyangtan farm (296.7 ha): Canceled. (2)Nuanquan farm (133.3 ha): Canceled. (3)Yuquanying farm (340.0 ha): Canceled. (4)Lianhu Part farm (240.0 ha): Canceled. (5)Qukou farm (180 ha). Completed in 2014. (6)Yuquanying Grape Nursery (66.7 ha). Canceled 5 (1) Huangyangtan farm (543.3 ha): Canceled. (2)Yuquanying farm (666.7 ha): 133 ha completed in 2014. (3)Lianhu Part farm (133.3 ha):156.5 ha completed in 2014. 6 The figures of 2e to 2h are sourced from the December 2019 progress report from the IAs. P a g e | 5 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) No. Indicators Unit of Baseline Progress/ Status Next action plan Measurement Value (2011) (newly proposed at mid-term review, and About 111 ha of a comprehensive approved in 2017) 2g modern agriculture farm ha 0 development at Ma’anshan The field works in Ma’anshan started in Not applicable March 2019 and completed by end 2019. (newly proposed at mid-term review, and approved in 2017)

Binggou: 165ha About 257 ha of shelterbelts Wuhudun: 40ha 2h ha 0 established Ma’anshan: 33ha Tongxin: 19ha

Shelterbelts establishment started in Not applicable March 2019 and completed by end 2019. Not applicable. About 40% of jobs created under 2i Percent 0% the project filled by women

3. increased grape processing capacity The component supports NARG’s grape Not applicable. processing and has been completed in About 15,000 tons of grape 3a tons 0 2015, including 5,000 ton in NARG’s processing capacity constructed Nuanquan Farm was funded using government funds. 4. strengthened institutional and farmer capacity About 5,000 farmers trained in Training for grape growers and vineyard Ongoing monitoring and reporting. water and soil conservation, managers are conducted regularly, sustainable horticultural including water saving irrigation and 4a number 0 management, and plant disease fertilizer application, and pesticide prevention and pesticide management. Monitoring and quality management control systems were developed under the About 40 staff from the PMO and previous ADB project and have been Ongoing monitoring and reporting. PIOs trained in project applied in vineyard management. Farmers 4b management, procurement, number 0 associations and water user associations financial management, and have been well established and play disbursement active role in irrigation management and grape growing. Ongoing monitoring and reporting. About 300 staff from cooperatives and the WUAs trained in 4c number 0 Consultants were fielded in October 2016, sustainable horticultural October 2018 and November 2018, and management

P a g e | 6 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) No. Indicators Unit of Baseline Progress/ Status Next action plan Measurement Value (2011) A marketing and business August 2019. Not applicable in this environmental 4d strategy for the NARG developed Y / N N safeguard monitoring report and implemented About 23 staff (including from the PMO and PIOs, of which with 12 female staff) Wine sales outside Ningxia by Not applicable in this environmental trained in project contract management, safeguard monitoring report 4e NARG increased from 20% in Percent 20% procurement, environmental safeguard on 2010 to 30% 29 October 2018. The individual environmental consultant was mobilized in This is gender related indicator. Not September 2018 to assist PMO to applicable in this environmental strengthen environmental management in safeguard monitoring report

At least 40% of trainees on line with ADB requirements. Furthermore, the individual environmental consultant (further environmental training will 4f horticultural management are Percent 0% be provided in the 1 st half of 2020 by women provided hand-on training and daily technical supports on environmental the individual environmental safeguard through July to December consultant ) 2019.

P a g e | 7 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 )

2. Institutional Setup and Responsibilities for EMP Implementation and Supervision, Institutional Strengthening and Training

9. In order to protect the regional environment of each project area and ensure the effective control and remission for all kinds of bad effect during project construction, the PMO/PIOs implemented strict and scientific tracking, and normative environmental management and environmental monitoring in the whole process of the project.

2.1 Responsibilities and Authorities for Implementation

10. The Ningxia Finance Department is the executing agency (EA). A leading group (LG) has been established to help guide the project. The LG is directed by the Vice-chairman of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Government, and includes members from the Ningxia Development and Reform Commission, the Ningxia Water Resources Department, the Ningxia Finance Department, the Ningxia Economic Committee, the Ningxia Forest Bureau, the Ningxia Agriculture and Livestock Department, the Ningxia Environmental Protection Department, the Ningxia Science and Technology Department, the Ningxia Transportation Department, the Ningxia Education Department, the Ningxia Civil Affairs Department, the Ningxia Construction Department, the Ningxia Agriculture Reclamation Group Company, Ltd (NARG), and the Ningxia Poverty Relief Office.

11. The PMO was co-located in the Ningxia Finance Department (NFD). Delegated by the EA, and the PMO had overall responsibility for supervising the implementation of mitigation measures and reporting to ADB. The PMO was also responsible for replying to petitions and/or complaints from affected persons, if such petitions and/or complains are appealed to the PMO.

12. The PMO and PIOs had setup basic institutional capacity and staff resources to oversee the EMP implementation, including a Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) system. To meet the government requirements for simplified administration, the functions of project management were transferred from NFD to YMG in May 2017. The new PMO was established under Yinchuan Finance Bureau following the government’s approval in April 2018. From then on, the PMO on behalf of the executing agency takes responsibilities of daily administration. Mr. Qiao Jingxing (+86 -159 0960 3020) was designated as the PMO’s new environmental officer to supervise overall project EMP implementation. An individual environmental consultant was also mobilized in September 2018 to assist PMO to strengthen environmental management in line with ADB requirements. Furthermore, the individual environmental consultant provided hand-on training and daily technical supports on environmental safeguard through July to December 2019.

13. Implementing agencies (IA) include the Yinchuan Municipality Forestry Department, the Tongxin County Finance Department, the Hongsipu District Finance Department, and NARG. The IAs have each established project implementing offices (PIOs) to coordinate the preparation and implementation of the sub-Projects.

P a g e | 8 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 )

14. The IAs are largely responsible for environmental management and implementation of mitigation measures. The IAs ensure that the EMP is carried out. The IAs also engage design institutes, EIA institutes, and IEMs to help with environmental management at the preparation, design, construction, and operation phases. The IAs are responsible for arranging environmental monitoring reviews and responding to any adverse impacts beyond those foreseen in the EIAs. The IAs also address requests for mitigation measures from county and district EPBs and ADB. If affected persons appeal petitions and/or complaints to an IA, the IA will reply within 30 days, based on consultations with the IEM and other relevant institutes and/or agencies as necessary.

15. Construction contractors are responsible for implementing mitigation measures during construction, while the IAs will be responsible for implementing such measures during the operation.

16. In accordance with the EMP, each IA sets up an environmental management unit (EMU) that generally requires two employees. The EMU is responsible for: (i) implementing the EMP and developing further implementation details; (ii) supervising contractors‘ implementation of mitigation measures during construction; (iii) implementing training programs for contractors; (iv) incorporating environmental management, monitoring, and mitigation measures into construction and operation management plans; (v) developing and implementing internal routine environmental monitoring; (vi) reporting performance of the EMP to the PMO and responsible agencies; and (vii) assisting the IA in replying to petitions and/or complaints appealed from affected persons, if such petitions and/or complaints are appealed to the IA. The EMU is supported and supervised respectively by the IA, EMC, IEM, and county or district EPB.

17. The PMO, IAs, and contractors each nominate dedicated, trained, and qualified environment specialists to undertake environmental management activities and ensure effective EMP implementation. Project management consultants engaged by the PMO including EMC assist the EA/PMO and IAs in preparing quarterly project progress reports and carrying out training programs.

18. County and district EPBs, delegated by NEPD, conduct regular and random environmental compliance monitoring and inspection during construction and operation. The EMS at the municipal level conducts environmental monitoring and inspection. On the basis of the environmental monitoring and inspection, the EPB will impose fines and order corrective actions, if necessary.

P a g e | 9 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 )

Ningxia Leading Group

Ningxia Project Management Office

Environmental Protection Staff （Ningxia Project Management Office ）

Design Department City (county) Project Local governmental Management Office organizations contain all levels environmental protection agencies, and agricultural competent departments

Construction Phase Environmental Management Organization Setup Diagram

Ningxia Leading Group

Ningxia Project Management Office

City (county) Project Management Office

Operation Period Environmental Management Organization Setup Diagram

P a g e | 10 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 )

Table 2-1: Environmental Responsibility Matrix and Implementation Status (as of 31 Dec 2019)

Agency Phase Responsibility Implementation status during this reporting period Design Institutes Preparation Review and select alternatives Complied with (technological, design, location, etc.) Design Update the EMPs in cooperation with EIA Complied with institutes, and incorporate mitigation measures in engineering detail designs and contracts EIA institutes Preparation Prepare EIAs and EMPs for subprojects, Complied with including public consultations NEPB Preparation Review and approve EIAs, including the Complied with EMPs Test Review and approve project completion Being complied with Operation environmental audit report, and order corrective actions if necessary PPTA consultant Preparation Prepare IEE including EMP, including Complied with public consultations PMO Preparation Coordinate and supervise EIAs, IEE and Complied with public consultations Design Review and approve environmental Complied with measures Tendering Incorporate EMP clauses in bidding Being complied with and documents and contracts Contracting Construction Advise and supervise implementation of Being complied with mitigation measures GRM Deal with petitions and/or complains, if Being complied with such petitions and/or complains are appealed to the PMO IAs Preparation Review and endorse IEE, including the Complied with EMP, for posting at ADB website Design Review and approve environmental Complied with measures Tendering Incorporate EMP clauses in bidding Being complied with and documents and contracts Contracting Construction Ensure implementation of mitigation Being complied with measures, and public consultations; With EMC, conduct internal environmental monitoring and inspection, supervise implementation of the EMP, and conduct public consultations Test Conduct project completion environmental Being complied with Operation audit, including sampling and lab tests, and prepare project completion environmental audit report Operation Ensure proper operation of subproject Not yet due facilities according to design standards, and implementation of mitigation measures and public consultations GRM If petitions and/or complains are submitted Being complied with to IAs from affected persons, reply to the aff ected persons within 30 days Procurement agency Tendering Incorporate EMP clauses in bidding Being complied with and documents and contracts Contracting Contractors Construction Implement mitigation measures Being complied with

P a g e | 11 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 )

Agency Phase Responsibility Implementation status during this reporting period GRM Tries to resolve a concern arose by affected persons during construction directly with the affected persons County / District EPBs Construction Advise and supervise implementation of Being complied with mitigation measures EMC (contracted by Construction Conduct internal monitoring and inspection, Being complied with PMO) and public consultations IEMs Construction Conduct independent monitoring (including Being complied with public consultations), and prepare periodic monitoring reports to IAs EMSs (on behalf of Construction Conduct monitoring Being complied with county / district EPBs) Operation Conduct regular and unannounced Not yet due environmental monitoring and inspection EMC Test Assist IAs in conducting environmental Being complied with Operation audit and preparing progress reports to the PMO Operation Conduct internal environmental monitoring Not yet due and inspection, supervise implementation of the EMP, and conduct public consultations IEMs Test Assist IAs in conducting environmental Being complied with Operation audit and preparing progress reports to the PMO Operation Conduct independent monitoring (including Not yet due public consultations), and prepare periodic monitoring reports to IAs Project managers GRM Tries to resolve a concern arose by Being complied with affected persons during construction directly with the affected persons Township GRM If petitions and/or complains are submitted Being complied with governments, to township governments and/or subdistrict subdistrict offices offices from affected persons, reply to the affected persons within 2 weeks Village committees GRM If petitions and/or complains are submitted Being complied with to village committees from affected persons, reply to the affected persons within 2 weeks. EIA = environmental impact assessment, EMC = environmental management consultant, EMP = environmental management plan, EPB = environmental protection bureaus, GRM = grievance redress mechanism, IA = implementing agency, IEE = initial environmental examination, IEM = independent environmental monitor, EMS = environmental monitoring station at city or county level, IA = project implementing agency, PMO = provincial project management office, PPTA = project preparatory technical assistance. Source(s): Domestic EIAs, consultations with PMO, NEPD, county and district EPBs, and IAs.

P a g e | 12 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 )

Table 2-2. Contact Information of EHS staff/GRM focal points at Various Agencies Involved in the Project (as of 31 Dec 2019)

Institution Name of Company Position Name of Contact Information EHS staff (phone number/email) PMO Ningxia PMO Director Mr. Zhang +86 13895088195 (set up under Yinchuan Zhi Finance Bureau) Both EHS officer or Mr. Qiao +86 15909603020 GRM focal point Jingxing [email protected] ADB PRCM Project officer Mr. Niu [email protected] Zhiming PRCM Environmental Mr. Li Ning [email protected] officer PIOs Yinchuan municipal Director Mr. Wu +86 18295210111 landscaping maintenance Liwei station Both EHS officer or Mr. Ma +86 15378916652 GRM focal point Chunlong [email protected] Hongsipu forestry bureau Director Wang +86 18152339081 Qingshan Both EHS officer or Yang +86 18195362020 GRM focal poin t Xiaodong [email protected] Tongxin financial bureau Director Mr. Ma - Congbo Both EHS officer or Mr. Yang +86 13995352986 GRM focal point Ning 791439 [email protected] NARG project management Director Gou Jinping office Both EHS officer or Yao Jun +86 0951-3971992 GRM focal point Yuquanying farm Tian Feng +86 0951-8450225 Qukou farm Wang +86 0955-5691245 Shaojun Lianhu farm An Hongwei +86 0953-3049030 Tendering China Fareast International - Mr. Yang +86 13995099098 agent Tendering Company Xiaofeng LIEC - Loan Mr. Nie +86 18086056438 implementation Mingtao environmental consultant (LIEC) Constructi YC-WN- Contract manager Mr. Yang +86 19995494825 on 2018001 Yinhe supervisio Binggou water Both EHS officer or Mr. Zhao +86 13895677205 Ning Xia n saving and GRM focal point Fangyu Xinyuan Company( ecological Construct s) (CSCs) agricultural ion for demonstration Engineeri sample 7 zone bid 1: ng Co., contracts Pumping Ltd. in station and Yinchuan reservoir engineering YC-WN- Contract manager Mr. Yang +86 19995494825 Ning Xia 2018002 Yinhe Xinyuan Pump station Both EHS officer or Mr. Zhao +86 13895677205 Construct and reservoir GRM focal point Fangyu ion engineering Engineeri (semi- ng Co., underground) Ltd. (bid 2) YC -WN - Ning Xia Contract manager Mr. Yang +86 19995494825

7 The whole project has over 100 contract packages. The packages listed in this table serve as sample only. Same is applicable for the information hereafter in this table. For more details in procurement and contract information, please see the project progress reports prepared by the PMO.

P a g e | 13 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 )

Institution Name of Company Position Name of Contact Information EHS staff (phone number/email) 2018004 Xinyuan Yinhe Main water Construct transmission ion pipelines - bid 1 Engineeri ng Co., Ltd.

Both EHS officer or Mr. Zhao +86 13993868207 GRM focal point Junhong Ning Xia Contract manager Mr. Yang +86 19995494825 YC-WN- Xinyuan Yinhe 2018005 Construct Both EHS officer or Mr. Zhao +86 13993868207 Main water ion GRM focal point Junhong transmission Engineeri pipelines - bid 2 ng Co., Ltd. Ning Xia Both EHS officer or Mr. Li +86 18595013015 YC-WN- Xinyuan GRM focal point Dongsheng [email protected] 2018014 Construct Land fertilizing ion and Engineeri consolidation ng Co., Ltd. Ning Xia Contract manager Mr. Yang +86 19995494825 YC-WN- Xinyuan Yinhe 2018019 Construct Both EHS officer or Mr. Zhao +86 13993868207 Operation road ion GRM focal point Junhong and loop road Engineeri (bid 1) ng Co., Ltd. Contractor YC-WN- Shaanxi Contract manager Mr. Zhou +86 18995183207 s for 2018001 Province Kai sample Binggou water Xianyang Both EHS officer or Mr. Kang +86 15809575662 contracts saving and City GRM focal point Ligang in ecological Construct Yinchuan agricultural ion and demonstration Installatio zone bid 1: n Pumping Engineeri station and ng reservoir Corporati engineering on Zhongho Contract manager Mr. Tang +86 18995183207 YC-WN- ng Ling 2018002 Internatio Both EHS officer or Mr. Xu Haifu +86 15825322228 Pump station nal GRM focal point and reservoir Construct engineering ion (semi- Engineeri underground) ng Group (bid 2) Co., Ltd. Ningxia Contract manager Mr. Ma +86 18295108818 YC-WN- Shitong Chengwu 2018004 Construct Both EHS officer or Mr. Li +86 13259511618 Main water ion GRM focal point Pengjun transmission Group pipelines - bid 1 Co., Ltd. Ningxia Contract manager Mr. Ma +86 18295108818 YC-WN- Shitong Chengwu 2018005 Construct Both EHS officer or Mr. Li +86 13259511618 Main water ion GRM focal point Pengjun transmission Group pipelines - bid 2 Co., Ltd.

P a g e | 14 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 )

Institution Name of Company Position Name of Contact Information EHS staff (phone number/email) Ningxia Contract manager Mr. Zhou +86 13709509212 YC-WN- Sengong Ziwei 2018014 Landscap Land fertilizing ing and Engineeri consolidation ng Co., Ltd. YC-WN- 2018019 Both EHS officer or Mr. Hu +86 18395035777 Operation road GRM focal point Zijian [email protected] and loop road om (bid 1) Yinchuan Contract manager Mr. Ma Lijun +86 13519593215 YC-WN- First Both EHS officer or Mr. Tian +86 13519574519 2018019 Municipal GRM focal point Bao Operation road Engineeri and loop road ng Co., (bid 1) Ltd.

P a g e | 15 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 )

2.2 Institutional Strengthening and Training

19. An assessment undertaken during the project preparatory technical assistance indicates that the PMO has adequate technical and institutional capacities for project implementation. However, the IAs have weak capacity in environmental management and monitoring. For proper implementation of the EMP, it is necessary to strengthen the capacity of the IAs.

20. It is considered that the two-tier implementation arrangement— PMO and IAs provide a reasonable framework for project management and control. The definition of roles, responsibilities and relationships between the PMO, IAs, and other relevant agencies (e.g., NEPD, county and district EPBs) is adequate to ensure the effective implementation of the project.

21. Environmental specialists in the PMO, IAs, and contractors receive training in environmental management, environmental monitoring and supervision, mitigation planning, emergency response, environmental policymaking, and other environmental management techniques. Funding of this training is included in the project budget and in the operation and maintenance budget in the operation phase.

22. At the project appraisal in 2012, the Farmer Field Schools (FFS) 8 were designed as a key project component of the training to increase capacity in fertilizer and pesticide application approaches and techniques, along with a separated capacity building batch including 12 contract packages (viz, Batch P6, budgeted totally at USD 0.241 million) in which training was expected to be delivered through Farmer Field Schools and supported by an international viticulture specialist for approximately 5,000 farmers (according to the project IEE and the PAM both dated 2012). However, with the project progressing, in the 2016 ADB mid-term review mission, this FFS capacity building component was canceled from the whole project procurement plan and updated by the capacity building component (Output 4.1) as ‘Training (5,000 famers) ’, against which, a cumulative 1,150 famers had been trained by end 2019. (according to the 2016 mission MOU, latest procurement plan, semi- annual project progress report of the 2 nd half in 2019, PMO’s internal project progress reports).

Table 2-3: Institutional Strengthening and Training Program and Implementation Status (as of 31 Dec 2019)

Activities Target Agencies/ Contents Timing Implementation Attendees status during this reporting period Strengthening Institutional PMO, IAs, NEPD, Defining institutional During Complied with Strengthening county and district arrangements for project EPBs environmental management, preparation monitoring, and supervision

Defining positions and responsibilities

Appointing and recruiting personnel

8 The PMO responsibilities were delegated twice during project implementation so that some information (referring para. 12 in Section 2.1), per several requests in 2019, is still missing so far. Relevant information will be collected and reported (as possible) at domestic/borrower’s PCR scheduled in the 1 st half of 2020.

P a g e | 16 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 )

Activities Target Agencies/ Contents Timing Implementation Attendees status during this reporting period EMC Recruiting and contracting Prior to Complied with EMC for internal project environmental management implementati consultancy and monitoring on

IEMs Recruiting and contracting Prior to Complied with IEMs to conduct project independent environmental implementati monitoring for subprojects on

Environmental IAs, procurement Developing environmental During Being complied Management agency, EMC management clauses and project with Clauses and incorporating them into preparation Protocols construction and operational contracts

Developing/refining Being complied environmental monitoring with protocols

Developing environmental Being complied emergency response with procedures

Training Environmental PMO, IAs, Environmental laws and Prior to Being complied Laws, contractors regulations project with Regulations implementati Being complied and Policies Environmental policies and on with plans

Basic environmental Being complied management with

Environmental emergency Being complied response with

EMP PMO, IAs, Responsibility and duties for Prior to and Being complied Implementatio contractors project construction, during with n management and project environmental protection implementati on Tasks of environmental Being complied protection in the project with construction

Key environmental Being complied protection contents in with project construction

EMP improvement and corrective actions Being complied with

P a g e | 17 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 )

Activities Target Agencies/ Contents Timing Implementation Attendees status during this reporting period Environmental IAs, contractors Monitoring and inspection Prior to and Being complied Monitoring, methods, data collection and during with Inspection and processing, interpretation of project Reporting data, reporting system implementati on Environmental reporting Being complied requirements with

Field Farmer IAs, contractors Training and certification of Prior to and Being complied Schools Pesticide Application during with Operators. project implementati Training on the appropriate on Being complied application of fertilizers and with pesticides EMC = environmental management consultant, EMP = environmental management plan, EPB = environmental protection bureau, IA = implementing agency, IEM = independent environmental monitor, PMO = project management office, NEPD = Ningxia Environmental Protection Department. Source(s): Domestic EIAs, and consultations with PMO, NEPD, county and district EPBs, and IAs.

23. Established the project implementation office which is relying on Project Management Office to ensure that the project participants understand their responsibility fully of executing project environment related activities, also get a better understanding of the reason of carrying out environmental monitoring plan. Training is mainly divided to three levels: Firstly is the project officer; secondly is the technical personnel; thirdly is farmers.

24. Training of Project officer mainly aimed at the project management office of provincial level (regional), municipal (county) who take charge of executing the environment monitoring program, the main training content including local laws and regulations, resources protection and ecological environment protection, etc.

25. Training of technical personnel focuses on the professional side of water conservancy, forestry, agriculture, juice processing factory, main training about water conservation, forestry and agriculture technology, organic agriculture and product marketing and other aspects.

26. Training of farmers is aimed at all participated farmers in the project area, mainly about water saving technology, grape, Chinese date and other crop cultivation techniques.Various training activities were conducted in this reporting period, especially for the subcomponents which started construction such as the Yellow-horn plantation in Tongxin besides those subcomponents being constructed or completed, covering division of institutional environmental management responsibilities, PRC’s environmental laws/regulations, EMP implementation, environmental monitoring, GRM and etc. A list of sample documentation on training records please see Section 4.7. Some sample tr aining records please see Appendix 6. .

P a g e | 18 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 )

3. Environmental Mitigations and Compensation Measures Implemented in the Reporting Period

3.1 Environmental Clauses in Civil Works Contracts

27. All civil works contracts contain provisions on workers’ and community safety, environmental protection and protection of physical and cultural relics. Importantly, the EMP (https://www.adb.org/projects/44035-014/main#project-documents ) was attached to each civil works contract in which the contract EHS expenses were budgeted. The environmental clauses are illustrated as below.

…(a) comply with the measures relevant to the contractor set forth in the IEE, the EMP, the RP (if any) (to the extent they concern impacts on affected people during construction) and the EMDP, and any corrective or preventative actions set forth in (i) a Safeguards Monitoring Report or (ii) as subsequently agreed between ADB and NHARG; (b) make available a budget for all such environmental and social measures; (c) provide the Borrower with a written notice of any unanticipated environmental, resettlement or indigenous peoples risks or impacts that arise during construction, implementation or operation of the Project that were not considered in the IEE, the EMP, the RP (if any) and the EMDP; (d) adequately record the condition of roads, agricultural land and other infrastructure prior to starting to transport materials and construction; and (e) reinstate pathways, other local infrastructure, and agricultural land to at least their pre- project condition upon the completion of construction…

Figure Environment, health and safety clauses in the signed contracts and construction method statements (contract package: TX-W-N-2018002 Construction of reservoir)

3.2 Environmental Mitigations and Compensation Measures Implemented in the reporting period

28. Potential environmental issues and impacts during the pre-construction, construction and operation phases, as identified by the domestic environmental impact assessment (EIA), as well as corresponding mitigation measures designed to minimize the impacts are summarized in Table 3-1. The mitigation measures were incorporated into the tendering documents in form of their attached EMP which also includes environmental monitoring program and emergency

P a g e | 19 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 )

preparedness & response plan (where appropriate), construction contracts and operational management plans, and were undertaken by contractors, the implementing agencies (IAs) under the supervision of the project management office (PMO) and project implementing offices (PIOs) and the Ningxia Environmental Protection Department (NEPD) when necessary. The effectiveness of these measures was evaluated based on the results of the environmental monitoring to determine whether they should be continued or improvements should be made. Improvements need to be confirmed through stipulated environmental management procedures.

29. National standards for air, water, and noise quality, emissions, and clearance of vegetation, are used as the benchmarks for project monitoring during construction and operation, and are listed in Chapter 4.4 . .

P a g e | 20 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) Table 3-1: Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures and Implementation Status (as of 31 Dec 2019)

Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Supervising Implementation status during Factor and/or Issues Implementing Agency this reporting period and/or Company Stage A. Pre-Construction (applicable to all components) 1. EIA and Site selections The recommended sites/ routes for the Design Institutes, County and District Complied with Feasibility individual subprojects were selected from EIA institutes, IAs EPBs, NWRD, IAs, The recommended sites/ routes Study various alternatives so as to minimize NEPD for the individual subprojects Stage adverse impacts on the environment and were selected from various land resources. alternatives so as to minimize adverse impacts on the environment and land resources. Engineering and Engineering and technological alternatives Design Institutes, County and District Complied with technological were evaluated based on pre-defined EIA institutes, IAs EPBs, NWRD, IAs, alternatives environmental and economic criteria. NEPD

Water extraction Obtain a water use permit for water input IAs Local WRBs, PMO, Complied with permission from local Water Resources Bureaus – LIEC Water use permit for water input providing all details required for that was obtained from local Water application to the WRBs Resources Bureaus

Public consultations Several rounds of public consultations EIA institutes, PMO, county and Complied with have been conducted on environmental PPTA consultants, district EPBs, ADB issues, poverty, and resettlement during IAs feasibility studies, and EIA and IEE preparations.

2. Design Updating EMP Mitigation measures defined in the EMP EIA institutes, PMO, county and Complied with Stage be reviewed, updated and incorporated Design Institutes, district EPBs into the detailed design to minimize PPTA consultants, adverse environmental impacts. IAs

3. Due Noncompliance with Undertake due diligence reviews of EIA IAs, IEMs, EMC PMO, county and Not applicable Diligence EMP and EIA documents and field inspections of district EPBs requirements during ongoing works. construction works

P a g e | 22 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Supervising Implementation status during Factor and/or Issues Implementing Agency this reporting period and/or Company Stage 4. Bidding Bidding documents Environmental section and provisions be IAs, procurement PMO, ADB Being complied with and and included in the bidding documents. agency Environmental clauses have Constructi contractors‘ qualificat been incorporated in bidding on ions Environmental clauses for contractors in documents The EMP has been Preparatio reference to this EMP and monitoring plan attached to the civil work n be included in the construction and supply contracts. contracts.

The domestic EIA report, IEE report, and Being complied with this EMP be included in the contract documents

Environmental Contractors be required to prepare an Contractors IAs, PMO, county and Complied with operation and environmental operation and supervision district EPBs supervision manual manual, for approval by the IAs.

Complaints Establish a complaint and information Contractors IAs, PMO, county and Complied with office or appoint a responsible person and district EPBs Environmental officers were the grievance redress mechanism designated at PMO/IAs and before starting construction. others to deal with GRM. The LIEC provided training to the staff to handle complaint situation.Complied with

Ensure that staff at the office is well trained to handle conflicts with residents from environmental impacts.

Environmental Environmental specialists and/or officials NEPD, PMO, PMO Being complied with protection training from NEPD be invited to provide training EMC Environmental training on implementation and supervision of workshop on how to implement environmental mitigation measures to EMP was conducted by the relevant persons, especially construction PMO and LIEC twice every year engineers and managers.

P a g e | 23 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Supervising Implementation status during Factor and/or Issues Implementing Agency this reporting period and/or Company Stage Engagement of EMC Prior to start of construction, a national PMO, a national PMO, ADB Complied with environmental management consultant be procurement engaged. specialist

Engagement of IEMs Prior to start of construction, IEMs be IAs PMO, county and Complied with engaged. district EPBs

B. Construction Phase (applicable to all components under construction and having been constructed) 1. Soil Excavation Use improved soil preparation methods Contractors IAs, OEEs, IEMs, Being complied with Erosion including pit, strip, and anti-slope based on PMO Improved soil preparation site condition. methods including pit, strip, and anti-slope based on site Restricted works during dry season condition were used. (September– June). Works schedule was optimized Preserve topsoil by excavating in strips during dry season (September– and stockpiling. Confine stockpiled December). material with retaining bunds or walls to avoid loss. Topsoil by excavating in strips and stockpiling was preserved. Construct erosion barriers and temporary Stockpiled material was detention ponds or containment to control confined with retaining bunds or silt runoff as required. walls to avoid loss.

Construct intercepting ditches to prevent Erosion barriers and temporary outside runoff entering excavation detention ponds or containment stockpile sites, and divert runoff from sites where as appropriate were built to existing drainage or ponds. to control silt runoff as required.

Soil exposed for construction or field Intercepting ditches were preparation be stabilized as soon as constructed to prevent outside possible, especially sites close to human runoff entering excavation residences and other sensitive receptors stockpile sites, and divert runoff (e.g., schools, mosques) from sites to existing drainage or ponds.

Soil exposed for construction or field preparation was stabilized as soon as possible. P a g e | 24 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Supervising Implementation status during Factor and/or Issues Implementing Agency this reporting period and/or Company Stage Transport and All soils be used as refill and landscaping Contractors IAs, OEEs, IEMs, Being complied with disposal of soils materials on site. PMO Extra waste was backfilled to existing abandoned borrow pits Settling ponds be built in construction or other places designated by sites. Soils in settling ponds be cleared for local urban sanitation use as refill materials. department.

Construction vehicles Straw or cloth be laid at the entry/exist of Contractors IAs, OEEs, IEMs, Being complied with each construction site to reduce soil loss PMO from adherence to vehicles.

Tires of construction vehicles be cleaned daily of soils

Exposed surfaces Within 1 week of refill and land leveling Contractors IAs, OEEs, IEMs, Being complied with completion, re-vegetation with native trees PMO and grasses be undertaken.

2. Water Siltation in water If soil erosion mitigation measures are Contractors IAs, OEEs, IEM, PMO Being complied with Quality bodies due to effectively implemented, siltation in water No water body was involved excavation bodies be minimal. Primarily relates to water quality in irrigation Wastewater from Portable sanitary systems be used on Contractors IAs, OEEs, IEMs, Being complied with canals and construction camps site. Wastewater be collected, transported PMO, county and Domestic wastewater was reservoirs off site and disposed of to domestic district EPBs treated onsite by septic tank sewerage system. then reused for sprinkling water at construction site. Unauthorized discharge of wastewater into nearby water bodies be prohibited.

3. Air Dust from crop and Vehicles delivering crops, equipment, and Contractors IAs, OEEs, IEMs, Being complied with Quality material delivery and other material to the sites must be PMO, county and Transportation trucks are construction vehicles covered. district EPBs covered and enclosed

P a g e | 25 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Supervising Implementation status during Factor and/or Issues Implementing Agency this reporting period and/or Company Stage Dust from Materials storage sites must be 300 m Contractors IAs, OEEs, IEMs, Being complied with construction sites from residential areas and covered or PMO, county and Watering at least two to three sprayed with water. district EPBs times a day

For Hongsipu subproject access road Construction material was (19.7km), commercial asphalt procured stored at covered place negating the need for asphalt mixing on construction sites. No asphalt production No burning waste construction or mixing be conducted onsite. The use of materials happened closed mixing asphalt road laying equipment is ideal. For those areas where civil works were completed, all Construction works must be stopped construction sites were re- during strong wind (>40 km/hr) vegetated.

Water be sprayed on active construction roads and excavation sites twice a day.

Upon completion of civil works all construction sites be required to be re- veget ated with trees and grasses. Dust from Roads used by contractors or suppliers Contractors IAs, OEEs, IEMs, Being complied with construction roads vehicles be kept clear of dust and mud. PMO, county and Timetable and routes for This be monitored daily and cleaned as district EPBs transportation were developed required. and avoid sensitive areas.

Contractor’s internal monitoring report showed compliance. (the list of such documentation please see Section 4.7)

Emissions from Vehicle emissions comply with GB18352- Contractors IAs, OEEs, IEMs, Being complied with vehicles and 2005, GB17691-2005, GB 11340-2005, PMO, city and county equipment GB3847-2005, and GB18285-2005. EPBs

Equipment and machinery emissions must comply with GB16297-1996.

A regular inspection and certification system be initiated.

P a g e | 26 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Supervising Implementation status during Factor and/or Issues Implementing Agency this reporting period and/or Company Stage 4. Noise Noise from Noise from equipment and machinery Contractors IAs, OEEs, IEMs, Being complied with equipment and comply with GB12523-2011. PMO, county and vehicles district EPBs Provide adequate route for large trucks to keep away from residential areas.

At construction sites within 500 m of the Being complied with. nearest habitation, noisy construction work No construction at night time. be stopped between 22:00 and 06:00 No residential area was located hours, or as agreed based on community nearby the construction sites. consultation. Has developed the construction schedule base on consultation with the local communities. Community Interviews with residents living adjacent to Contractors IAs, OEEs, IEMs, Being complied with complaints about construction sites be conducted on a PMO, county and noise weekly basis to identify community district EPBs complaints about noise, and seek suggestions from community members to reduce noise annoyance.

Community suggestions be used to adjust work hours of noise-generating machinery.

Given that many project sites are remote and with no settlements, noise monitoring is not considered necessary, as long as the above mitigation measures are properly implemented.

5. Solid Domestic waste from promote best practice waste management Contractors IAs, OEEs, IEMs, Being complied with Wastes construction camps focusing on minimisation, reuse, and PMO, county and Construction waste was recycling district EPBs collected and transported to local landfill. Minimisation of solid waste generation Excavated soil was reused for through appropriate materials backfilling and additional soil procurement, minimising generation of cut was reused by other vegetation construction project.

Reuse cleared vegetation for ground Garbage bins were provided in cover, reuse of existing trellises and wire the camps and regularly for new grape crops, composing organic emptied, and the garbage were waste where appropriate, and use multi- collected and transported by

P a g e | 27 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Supervising Implementation status during Factor and/or Issues Implementing Agency this reporting period and/or Company Stage compartment collection bins to promote sanitary worker. recycling of construction materials.

6. Impact Vegetation Prohibit burning vegetation and residual Contractors IAs, OEEs, IEMs, Being complied with on Flora bushes and grasses when clearing PMO, county and planting sites, in compliance with PRC district EPBs Water and Soil Conservation Law (2011) and PRC Forest Fire Prevention and Control Regulation (2008)

Only cut grasses or bushes which are obstacle to planting activities and tree growth in patches or strip shape and pilling them up between planting rows or holes to allow them to naturally decay.

When clearing planting sites in patches or strips on land with slopes of more than 15 degrees, every 30 m clearance cutting should allow a 3 m contour strip to allow for the original vegetation.

Preserve existing vegetation where no construction activity is planned or temporarily to preserve vegetation where activity is planned for a later date.

Rehabilitate disposal and borrow sites with equivalent or improved native vegetation cover.

7. Social Traffic jam or block Build interim roads. Contractors, IAs OEEs, IEMs, PMO, Being complied with and city and county traffic Cultural Select transport routes to reduce bureaus Considerat disturbance to regular traffic. ions Divert traffic at peak traffic hours, and reinstating the area to its original condition on completion of construction.

Community health Erect construction signages/billboards, Contractors, IAs OEEs, IEMs, PMO, Being complied with and safety which include construction contents, city and county traffic

P a g e | 28 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Supervising Implementation status during Factor and/or Issues Implementing Agency this reporting period and/or Company Stage schedule, responsible person and bureaus complaint phone number, at the entry to each construction site and construction staging area.

Inform residents and businesses in advance of the road improvement activities, given the dates and duration of expected disruption and make aware of the project GRM.

Place clear signs at construction sites in view of the public, warning people of potential dangers such as moving vehicles, hazardous materials, excavations etc. and raising awareness on safety issues.

Make all sites secure, and discourage access by members of the public through appropriate fencing/barriers, signage and/or security personnel, as appropriate. Cultural heritage Cultural heritage sites be preserved Contractors, IAs OEEs, IEMs, PMO, Being complied with where identified, especially for Great Wall Regional Cultural Cultural heritage site was of the Ming Dynasty (Wuhudun section). In Heritage Department, preserved for Great Wall of the accordance with the PRC regulations, no city and county Ming Dynasty (Wuhudun person shall destroy, damage, deface, cultural heritage section). In accordance with the conceal, or otherwise interfere with a relic. bureaus PRC regulations, no person shall destroy, damage, deface, Wuhudun subproject construction neither conceal, or otherwise interfere pass through nor involve the protection with a relic. scope of the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty. To better protect the Great Wall Wuhudun subproject of the Ming Dynasty, it requires the construction neither passed relevant laws and regulations such as the through nor involved the PRC Cultural Relics Protection Law 2002, protection scope of the Great PRC Regulations on the protection of the Wall of the Ming Dynasty. To Great Wall 2006 and Notice of better protect the Great Wall of Promulgating protection scope of the early the Ming Dynasty, the Great Wall in Ningxia Ningxia Hui contractor was required to Autonomous Region, September 2016 abide the relevant laws and etc., should be strictly complied. The regulations such as the PRC

P a g e | 29 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Supervising Implementation status during Factor and/or Issues Implementing Agency this reporting period and/or Company Stage Wuhudun subproject construction should Cultural Relics Protection Law avoid and bypass the Great Wall and the 2002, PRC Regulations on the following activities shall be prohibited in protection of the Great Wall the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty: ① 2006 and Notice of earth and bricks taking, tree and crop Promulgating protection scope planting; ② graving and defacing; ③ of the early Great Wall in erecting and installment of unrelated Ningxia Ningxia Hui facilities to protect the Great Wall; ④ Autonomous Region, crossing the Great Wall of the Ming September 2016 etc.. The following activities were Dynasty by vehicles; ⑤ displaying prohibited in the Great Wall of appliances that might damage the Great the Ming Dynasty: ① earth and Wall of the Ming Dynasty; ⑥ activity bricks taking, tree and crop implementation in untapped area; ⑦ other planting; ② graving and activities prohibited by the laws and defacing; ③ erecting and regulations. installment of unrelated facilities If an important site is unearthed, work be to protect the Great Wall; ④ stopped immediately and the matter crossing the Great Wall of the promptly referred to the County, munic Ming Dynasty by vehicles; ipal, provincial- or state-level agencies for ⑤ displaying appliances that evaluation and decision on appropriate might damage the Great Wall of actions. the Ming Dynasty; ⑥ activity implementation in untapped area; ⑦ other activities prohibited by the laws and regulations.

So far, those above measures were confirmed and implementation was in compliance. No important site was unearthed.

Occupational health Contractors implement adequate Contractors IAs, OEEs, IEMs, Being complied with and safety (OHS) precautions to protect the health and PMO, county and safety of construction workers. OHS risks district EPBs be managed by applying measures in the following order of preference: avoiding, controlling, minimizing hazards, and providing adequate protective equipment. The contractors undertake the following

P a g e | 30 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Supervising Implementation status during Factor and/or Issues Implementing Agency this reporting period and/or Company Stage activities:

Personal protection. Provide personal protection equipment, such as safety boots, helmets, gloves, protective clothing, goggles, and ear protection, in accordance with relevant health and safety regulations for workers. - For Hongsipu subproject access road (19.7km) ,safety goggles and respiratory masks to workers doing asphalt road paving;

Emergency preparedness and response. An emergency response plan to take actions on accidents and emergencies be prepared, including environmental and public health emergencies associated with hazardous material spills and similar events, and submitted to the local EPBs for review and appraisal. Emergency phone link with hospitals in each County be established. A fully equipped first-aid base in each construction camp be organized.

Communication. Ensure that OHS matters are given a high degree of publicity to all persons regularly or occasionally on each construction site. Posters be displayed prominently in relevant areas of the site.

Training, awareness and competence. Train all construction workers in basic sanitation, general health and safety matters, and on the specific hazards of their work. Implement SITs/HIV/AIDS and other Being complied with communicable diseases awareness and prevention program to target the local community and construction workers.

P a g e | 31 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Supervising Implementation status during Factor and/or Issues Implementing Agency this reporting period and/or Company Stage C. Operation Phase (applicable to completed components: three vineyard farms of NARG, the vineyard farm of Hongsipu vineyard, Chinese dates orchard of To ngxin) 1. Water Wastewater from Separate and reuse the seeds and grape Grape processing IAs, OEEs, IEMs, Being complied with Quality grape processing skins prior to discharging wastewater operators PMO, county and equipment cleaning district EPBs Primarily Treat wastewater in aerobic ponds prior to relates to release, including use of physical aerators. water Nutrient runoff Training be provided to farmers on proper IAs IAs, County or district Being complied with quality in fertilizer selection, application and EPB irrigation procedure. canals and reservoirs

Fertilizer be applied in soluble forms of nitrogen, potassium and phosphate, through drip irrigation systems.

Use organic fertilizers, compounds and compost as base fertilizers to reduce nutrient loss

Apply compound fertilizers including nitrogen, phosphate and potassium according to soil nutrient tests based on the requirements of tree growth

Provide capacity building to farmer in appropriate guidelines for inorganic fertilizers application.

Apply fertilizers according to soil nutrition and demand of tree growth.

Apply compounds, including nitrogen, phosphate and potassium in the proper ratio

Ditch or hole application methods be used and covered with earth to increase fertilizer effects and lower pollution

P a g e | 32 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Supervising Implementation status during Factor and/or Issues Implementing Agency this reporting period and/or Company Stage 2. Water Water savings At least 90% of new or existing vineyard IAs IAs, NWRD Being complied with Balance and Chinese Date and yellow horn orchard land area in the Project install water- efficient irrigation systems such as drip or pipe irrigation with water meters to closely and accurately monitor water consumption. by 2018.

The subproject install water meters to measure all water entering all the subprojects’ production processes at all sites from all sources (pipelines, wells and local reservoirs) and report water consumption quarterly. The project monitoring annual report include documentation of progress of crop and irrigation conversation, and corresponding water use efficiency improvements. 3. Land Irrigated farmland Use of drip irrigation systems is likely to IAs IAs, County or district Being complied with Degradatio mitigate against risk of land degradation EPB n due to over irrigation, reducing soil erosion, sediment runoff and soil salinization.

P a g e | 33 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Supervising Implementation status during Factor and/or Issues Implementing Agency this reporting period and/or Company Stage Pesticide Training be provided to farmers on proper IAs IAs, County or district Being complied with pesticide selection, application and procedure in contamination the field farmer schools, including training on: EPB, agriculture, (i) International Code of Conduct on the animal/ husbandry Distribution and Use of Pesticides (2002); bureaus (ii) FAO Guidelines on good practice for ground application of pesticides (2001); (iii) FAO Guidelines on standards for agricultural pesticide application equipment and related test procedures (2001); and (iv) FAO Guidelines on minimum requirements for agricultural pesticide application (2004) (v) Pesticide Management Measures in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, issued by Ningxia Autonomous Region Agriculture and Animal/ Husbandry Department on March 1, 2006 (vi) Integrated pest management program to reduce the potential impact from over use of pesticides (according to GB 2763—2014, National food safety standard--Maximum residue limits for pesticides in food and a series of lists of Prohibited and Restricted Toxic Chemical Pesticides, etc. issued by the Ministry of Agriculture, including but not limited to the following: Announcement No.199 th of the Ministry of Agriculture; Announcement No.274 th and No.322 nd of the Ministry of Agriculture; Announcement No.1157 th of the Ministry of Agriculture; Announcement No.1158 th of the Ministry of Agriculture; Announcement No.1586 th of the Ministry of Agriculture; List of prohibited and restricted toxic chemicals in China(first batch, 1998) ; List of prohibited and restricted toxic chemicals in China(second batch, 2005); Announcement No.194th,and 199th of the Ministry of Agriculture; Announcement No.199th and 1586th of the Ministry of Agriculture; Announcement 1586th of the Ministry of Agriculture; and Announcement No.274th and 1586th of the Ministry of Agriculture).

Application of an efficient combination of low toxicity, low-residue and biological pesticides and herbicides.

Limit application times to the mornings after the dew, and not during high winds or high afternoon temperatures

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Controlling the number of spray applications.

Where possible, use tunnel or recycling sprayers, which provide both drift control and canopy sensing.

Select improved varieties and strong seedlings which have the capacity to resist pests and diseases

No use of pesticides that are restricted by the WHO, environmentally friendly pesticides only

Disposal containers used for pesticides and cleaning

Monitor and forecast development trends of pests and diseases, prevention combined with control

Adaptation of pollution-free cultivation techniques that are currently being carried out in many fruit gardens.

Fertilizers Promote fertilizer efficiency and reduction, IAs IAs, County or district Being complied with contamination and actively explore output efficiency, EPB, agriculture product safety, resource conservation and bureau environment-friendly modern agricultural development model.

Promote high-performance slow-release fertilizers with conservation tillage, straw returning, applications of formula fertilizer and organic fertilizer, drip irrigation, water and fertilizer integrated irrigation technology

Use gypsum and other conditioning agent combined with engineering measures to improve saline soil.

P a g e | 35 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Supervising Implementation status during Factor and/or Issues Implementing Agency this reporting period and/or Company Stage 4. Dehydration process Biogas dehydration, softened water EMC,IA of PMO To be complied with Wastewate in biogas production system and domestic sewage be treated in Binggou The biogas, water softening r process, drainage of septic tank then reused in the biogas subproject and system and boiler have yet the softened water fermentation system. Biogas boiler Ma’anshan been put into operation. system, the boiler drainage be reused for the plant road subproject sewage and water sprinkling as dust suppression. And the livestock domestic subcomponent at Ma’anshan sewage(Binggou Selection of high quality equipment and was dropped out at subproject) fittings, and to strengthen the daily implementation. management and repair and maintenance work to prevent and reduce the occurrence of leaking phenomenon.

Impact on surface Double anti-seepage treatment of feed water quality from tank, waste pool, homogenization pond, livestock wastewater biogas slurry and residue pond, drying (for Maánshan bed, collecting tank for filtered liquid and subproject) open trench for waterline. Both main anti- seepage layer and sub-antiseepage layer use nonwoven geotextiles + HDPE film whose thickness is no less than 1.5mm. The specifications of geotechnical cloth is no less than 600g/m 2. The bottom pavement compact soil layer. The filtration coefficient of impervious barrier is ≤10-9m/s after taking measures.

Ensure the Maánshan livestock wastewater to be drawn off and directed to Impact on a storage tank for managed distribution groundwater before releasing to farmland and used as quality(for liquid fertilizer. Maánshan subproject) Implement provisions of Technical Standard of Preventing Pollution for Livestock and Poultry Breeding (HJ/T81- 2001). i. separation of stormwater drainage system and sewerage collection system (stormwater to be stored separately for site use);

P a g e | 36 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Supervising Implementation status during Factor and/or Issues Implementing Agency this reporting period and/or Company Stage ii. built sewage collection and distribution system in the project site; iii. no open trenches; iv. drainage vessels with anti-seepage measures or cement pipes to convey wastewater and prevent overflow and infiltration; v. all storage facilities, pre-treatment tanks, digesters, settling tanks, drainage pipes, digestate storage tanks, and rain water collection tanks should be designed with high quality materials and monitored for leaks.

5 Exhaust Biogas boiler gas, Biogas boiler exhaust gas be released EMC,IA of PMO Being complied with emission odor produced by through a 10m high stack, Binggou and noise pretreatment subproject and impacts workshop and Pretreat treatment workshop exhaust be Ma’anshan fugitive odor caused treated through biological filter pool subproject by the biogas plant (deodorant system) then released to the area (Binggou air, subproject)

Biogas slurry storage be located near tall Livestock odor, trees and sprayed with deodorant, etc. noise and safety (NH 3 and H 2S), for In local planning, maintain a 500 m Maánshan distance around site in compliance with subproject Technical Standard of Preventing Pollution for Livestock and Poultry Breeding (HJ/T81-2001) to prevent residential development.

6. Solid Using agricultural Implement local government developed EMC,IAs/farmers/ PMO, local Being complied with Waste film comprehensive plastic film recycling agricultural governments, local program and subsidy policy; residual film finance, auditing , recycling outlets agriculture, animal Monitor and enforce plastic film recycling and agricultural and husbandry, measures through local recycling system, residual film discipline inspection double-entry mechanism and other processing plants and other regulatory system (for details please see departments the para. 106 of the Addendum);

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Capacity building be conducted for local famers during operation period, improving their consciousness to the impact of residual agricultural film for production, taking active actions to restore and clean agricultural film and reducing agricultural film usage. What’s more, training them to use degradable agricultural film.

Waste branches and Hire local farmers. to recycle waste EMC,IAs/farmers PMO Being complied with leaves from branches and leaves for fertilizer, feed or trimming of fuelwood ecological shelter forest Unplanned or All livestock solid waste generated in EMC,IA of PMO Not applicable unsound disposal of animal production shall be handled and Ma’anshan livestock solid disposed of by arrangements on-site or off- subproject wastes (for site. Off-site arrangements must have the Maánshan capacity and willingness to accept waste in subproject) the long term.

7. Health Health and safety of Operating staff be protected from EMC, IAs PMO and local safety Being complied with and safety operating staff workplace hazards by; production i. safe storage and handling of pesticides, supervision and and chemicals for disinfection of facilities health departments and livestock, ii. safe handling of pesticides, chemicals, serums, and veterinary pharmaceutics in laboratories; iii. personal protection gear for work hazards; iv. staff protection from exposure to animal diseases.

8. Insufficient Conduct training for environmental EMC, IAs PMO Being complied with Environme environmental management ntal management Conduct training for the grape processing manageme capacity plant staff, to ensure staff are competent in nt plant processes and occupational health and safety measures

P a g e | 38 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) Impact Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Project Supervising Implementation status during Factor and/or Issues Implementing Agency this reporting period and/or Company Stage Refine and maintain a grievance redress mechanism.

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30. In conclusion, the overall project mitigation measures have been implemented in line with the EMP.

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4. Summary of Environmental Monitoring

4.1 Monitoring plan

31. The implementation of environmental monitoring program in construction project is mainly in two stages, the first stage is monitoring in construction phase; the second stage is the monitoring after putting into operation. According to the project environment characteristics, construction phase and operation period environmental monitoring program are shown in Table 4-1.

32. This program considers the scope of monitoring, environmental media, monitoring parameters, time and frequency, implementing and supervising agencies. The monitoring follows the methodology provided in the national standard methods for monitoring pollutants. Other associated standards are national environmental quality standards and pollutant discharge/emission standards.

33. Internal monitoring and inspection. The PMO nominate at least one qualified full-time environmental management staff member to undertake environmental management and monitoring activities. The PMO further engage a national environmental management consultant (EMC) to assist the PMO and IAs including project implementing offices (PIOs) in carrying out internal monitoring and inspection, reporting to ADB through quarterly project progress reports, annual environmental monitoring reports, and a project completion report, and conducting necessary training. The PMO and IAs, with assistance from the EMC, conduct internal monitoring and inspection on the progress of the EMP, information on project implementation, the environmental performance of the contractors, and environmental compliance, considering reports submitted by contractors, environmental monitoring stations (EMSs), environmental institutes, and independent environmental monitors (IEMs).

34. Monitoring and inspection. EMS at the municipal level be responsible to undertake regular and random monitoring and inspection before, during, and after construction, as well as in the event of emergencies. If abnormalities are found, the EPB impose a fine and issue a notice of rectification with a specific deadline.

35. Independent environmental monitoring. Local environmental monitoring agencies and/or companies be engaged by IAs as IEMs. Each IEM include an environmental safeguard specialist to conduct independent environmental monitoring. The independent environmental monitoring be conducted to ensure that contractors appropriately implement mitigation measures and that project environmental objectives are achieved. The results of the environmental monitoring form part of quarterly project progress reports, annual environmental monitoring reports, and a project completion report that be submitted to the ADB. IEMs assist NFD including the PMO in reporting to ADB the project progress on environmental issues through quarterly project progress reports, annual environmental monitoring reports, and a project completion report.

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36. Results of monitoring be used to evaluate: (i) the extent and severity of environmental impacts compared with the predicted impacts, (ii) performance of the environmental protection measures and other project requirements, (iii) trends of impacts, and (iv)overall effectiveness of the EMP. Effectiveness of mitigation measures and monitoring plans be evaluated through a feedback reporting system. Modification of measures required by the EMP be performed, if necessary.

37. The environmental monitoring program is in Table 4-1. Monitoring and reporting were required and defined in the Project Agreement, PAM and EMP. So far, monthly internal environmental monitoring reports were prepared by the contractors, reviewed by construction supervision companies, and submitted to the PIAs. Three environmental monitoring reports (EMR) covering January-June 2014, July 2014 to December 2018 and January to June 2019 were submitted and disclosed on the ADB project website (https://www.adb.org/) respectively in January 2015 and January/July 2019, which conclude overall compliance, however, indicates the issue of inadequate monitoring data which was continuously in consultation with the PMO and the IAs. The fourth external EMR covering July-December 2019 was submitted in January 2020. Future external EMRs will be submitted to ADB semiannually until project completion. Cost estimates for the environmental monitoring program are in Table 4-2. Before implementing the monitoring plan, responsible agencies provided more accurate estimates of the costs and present a further detailed breakdown of the cost estimates. During project implementation, the costs are adjusted based on actual requirements.

Table 4-1: Environmental Monitoring Program and Implementation Status (as of 31 Dec 2019)

Item Parameters Locati Time Impleme Supervis Implementa on and nting ing tion status Frequen Agency Agency during this cy reporting period A. Internal Monitoring and Inspection 1. Progress on Follow parameters All sites Weekly Contract PMO, Being EMP and project set for monitoring ors, SC IAs, fulfilled. implementation and inspection, EMC , 2. Environmental audit, and NEPD, Being Performance independent ADB fulfilled 3. Environmental monitoring Being Monitoring fulfilled. B. Project Monitoring* 1. Water Convert existing All sites Annual EMSs IAs, Being Conservation flood irrigated crops county fulfilled. to drip / pipe and The irrigated agriculture. district necessity of Record: hectares of EPBs monitoring land in which drip was irrigation is acknowledge installed; kilometers d by the of drip irrigation PMO/IAs. pipes installed And relevant along crop rows information which were will be previously flood- collected irrigated and reported (as possible) at domestic/bor rower’s PCR scheduled in the 1

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Item Parameters Locati Time Impleme Supervis Implementa on and nting ing tion status Frequen Agency Agency during this cy reporting period st half of 2020 2. Appropriate Visual inspection to Record Annual EMSs IAs, Being application of confirm application actual county fulfilled. pesticides, of fertilizer, volume and herbicides and pesticides and s of district fertilizer; plastic herbicides in herbicid EPBs film and its accordance with e/pestic collection/recycli operational phase ide/fertil ng mitigation measures izer listed above. applicat ions/ plastic film and its collecti on/recy cling during and after the project. 3. Wastewater pH, COD, TSS 100 Monthly EMSs IAs, Being discharge from meters sampling county fulfilled. grape downstr during and processing eam discharg district facilities, from e periods EPBs the from dischar grape ge processin outlet g of each facilities. grape process ing facility; 4. Surface water PH, COD, TSS Closest Monthly EMSs IAs, Being quality artificial county fulfilled. reservo and irs to district Wuhud EPBs un and Maáns han subproj ects 5. Cultural Great wall of Ming Wuhud Monthly IAs, EMC Ningxia Being heritage Dynasty un city and fulfilled. subproj Xingqing ect district cultural relics departme nt s

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Item Parameters Locati Time Impleme Supervis Implementa on and nting ing tion status Frequen Agency Agency during this cy reporting period 6. Land Visual inspection for 1 Inspect EMSs IAs, Being degradation gully, sheet erosion, monitor at county fulfilled. improvements or surface ing beginnin and Some visual expressions of location g of district inspection saline soil. Conduct for constructi EPBs records Photographic each on and please see documentation of site quarterly Attachment construction sites thereafter 1. before, during and . Visual after the project at inspectio set locations n of all (especially at sites sites. which may be especially vulnerable to land degradation). 7. Shelterbelts Visual inspection for 1 Inspect EMSs IAs, Being (a) the number of monitor at county fulfilled. hectares planted, ing beginnin and The (b) the planting location g of district necessity of survival rate. for constructi EPBs monitoring Conduct each on and was Photographic site quarterly acknowledge documentation thereafter d by the during each . Visual PMO/IAs. inspection. inspectio And relevant n of all information sites. will be Conduct collected Photogra and reported phic (as possible) documen at tation. domestic/bor rower’s PCR scheduled in the 1 st half of 2020. C. Project Completion Environmental Audit 1. Water Visual inspection to Visual Upon EMSs IAs, Being Balance confirm at least inspection project county complied 90% of new or of all sites completio and with existing vineyard to n district Some visual and Chinese Date document EPBs inspection land area in the area of records Project have land please see installed water- converted Attachment efficient irrigation to drip or 1. systems such as pipe drip or pipe irrigation, irrigation by 2016. and new areas of irrigated land with drip or pipe irrigation. Item Parameters Locati Time Impleme Supervis Implementa on and nting ing tion status Frequen Agency Agency during this cy reporting period

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Item Parameters Locati Time Impleme Supervis Implementa on and nting ing tion status Frequen Agency Agency during this cy reporting period 2. Appropriate Visual inspection to Visual Upon EMSs IAs, Being application of confirm application inspecti project county complied pesticides, of fertilizer, on of all completio and with herbicides and pesticides and sites n district Some visual fertilizer herbicides in EPBs inspection accordance with records operational phase please see mitigation measures Attachment listed above. 1.

D. Independent Environmental Monitoring 1. Mitigation Mitigation measures All sites Annually IEMs IAs, Being Measures by to be implemented county fulfilled. Contractors by contractors and (listed in Table 3-1) district EPBs

BOD = biochemical oxygen demand, COD = chemical oxygen demand, dB(A) = A-weighted decibel, EMC = environmental management company/consultant, EMP = environmental management plan, EMS = Environmental Monitoring Station at the city level, EPB = Environmental Protection Bureau, IEM = independent environmental monitor, the IEMs be independent third parties hired by the IAs, IA = implementing agency, L eq = equivalent continuous noise level, m = meter, NH 3-N = ammonia nitrogen, pH = measure of acidity and alkalinity, PM 10 = particulate matter smaller than 10 micrometers, PMO = project management office, NEPD = Ningxia Environmental Protection Department, TN = total nitrogen, TP = total phosphor, TSP = total suspended particulates, TSS = total suspended solids Source(s): Domestic EIAs, and consultations with PMO, county and district EPBs, and IAs. * Independent government monitoring include compliance and contractor monitoring, and is outside the scope of this Project EMP.

38. Internal supervision report: (see documentation list in Section 4.7 and the summary in Section 4.2) In the construction phase, signatory supervision company with the cities (counties) implement internal supervision, and reflect the results in the regular construction report. The report content should be summed up as follows: the environmental problems in construction(if any); mitigation measures which be taken possibly; the influence result to the environment and the surrounding area. According to the requirements of the environmental management plan, construction side should accept training for taking measures to alter the adverse effects timely, or have the ability of improving and taking mitigation measures, implementing agencies should cooperate with construction side to take measures appropriately and timely. In construction phase, implementing agencies should draw up detailed internal environmental monitoring scheme and measures, and submit to cities and counties project management office in time.

39. External monitoring report: (see documentation list in Section 4.7 and the summary in Section 4.2)

40. In project construction phase and operation period, monitoring content mainly include:

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construction and operation activities; environmental conditions; monitoring sampling locations; analyze the results; monitoring explanation and meaning of results; put forward improvement suggestions. Environmental monitoring reporting is implemented by each county (city), they statistically process the monitoring data, summarize through the tabular form, write the monitoring report, and submit to Ningxia project management office; Ningxia Project Management Office write general environmental monitoring report in accordance with the report submitted by cities and counties PMO, then submit to Ningxia Project Leading Group and ADB.

41. Some monitoring forms submitted by project implementation agencies to the project management office are still not complete, especially some blank cells written by using monitoring data is not easy to measure and monitor (such as those in above Table 4.1). However, it does not seriously distorted and/or affect the monitoring results.

4.2 Monitoring Results

Ecology, vegetation and Land Use Trends

42. Detailed records of satellite maps and field photos of the project area please see the Appendix 1. Ecology status in Ningxia (related to the Project Area) please see the Appendix 2 . Agriculture related environmental indicators in Yinchuan City 9 (related to the three vineyard farms of NARG, Binggou, Wuhudun, and Ma’anshan subprojects) please see the Appendix 3 . From the view of environmental protection and ecological protection, ecological type in the project area is unitary and the ecological structure is relatively simple, implementation of overall project is well. Throughout the project implementation area, the environment condition is quite good which reflecting there is no serious environmental pollution incidents, no large amounts of solid wastes which is from the construction site or due to the improper handling operation activities, and no obvious environmental deterioration in appearance, also no complaints about environmental problems from the public in project implementation area.

Estimated project ecological and environmental benefits derived (as of 31 Dec 2019)

43. Combating land degradation and desertification. The Improved irrigation system has been installed for 4 vineyard farms, 1 Chinese date orchard and 3 demonstration farms with a total area of 2,529.5 hectare (ha) which has the potential to make a positive contribution towards combating land degradation and desertification in Ningxia, through the application and promotion of improved agricultural practices, including the following: The overall outcome is reduced soil erosion and increase land productivity.

9 Such information was collected from internet by LIEC, whilst the relevant information on Tongxin and Hongsipu was unavailable upon request.

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(i) Drip and pipe irrigation replacement of current flood irrigation practices on approximately 2,529.5 ha of existing farmland resulting in reduced water requirements; reduced farmland soil erosion of 8,470 t/year; and reduced discharge of nutrients, pesticides, and sediment into surface water and groundwater; (ii) Improved agricultural practices, including promoting the use of organic fertilizers such as manure, promoting zero-tilling practices to reduce disturbance of soil, and inclusion of intercropping to increase soil stability; and (iii) Expansion of dryland agriculture on approximately 2,529.5 ha of degraded land contributing to increased soil stabilisation (through establishment of shelterbelts and cropped land) and increased soil quality (through the application of organic fertilizers). 10

44. Improved irrigation water use efficiency. The Improved irrigation system installed for 4 vineyard farms, 1 Chinese date orchard and 3 demonstration farms with a total area of 2,529.5 hectare (ha) is expected to save approximately 9,100 11 MLs of irrigation water currently being applied flood irrigation and high water demand crops. The project improve water use efficiency on approximately 2,529.5 ha of land. Improved irrigation water efficiency brings environmental benefits including providing a buffer for adaptation to the potential impacts of climate variability, and demonstration of sustainable agriculture techniques that can be replicated.

45. Carbon sequestration. The project establish approximately grapes, Chinese date trees, and forested shelterbelts on land currently supporting sparse vegetation. The establishment of new vegetation has the potential to sequester carbon dioxide. Based on published average rates for carbon sequestration for agriculture and forestry 12 , the area of newly established grapes, Chinese dates, farms and forested shelterbelts result sequestration to 5,300 tons of carbon dioxide per year.

Physical Environment

46. Detailed climate of the project area please see the Appendix 4 . In the context of global climate change, Ningxia is also experiencing quietly climate change, and the impact on the region's economic and social development are becoming increasingly evident. This also increases the impact on agriculture. Climate change caused instability in crop yields, decreased quality, increased pests and diseases, increased agricultural production costs. Winter wheat moved north, wolfberry expanded south, grape varieties diversification grew and the proportion of late- maturing varieties gradually increased. Global warming makes the thermophilic crops such as corn, rice yields increased; and climate guaranteed rate of double cropping in the irrigated area improved. Hi cool wheat and potato crops have cut trend. At the same time, rising temperatures decreases air humidity, increases agricultural water consumption, so the water shortage is even more severe.

47. Environment quality in the project area including water quality and air quality please see the Appendix 5 . In 2018, the proportion of average fine air quality in five prefecture-level cities in the region was 75.9%, down 0.5 percentage point year-on-year; the average concentrations of 6 air pollutants monitored were all down.

48. It is important to maintain compliance throughout the entire project implementation including trial-operational stage. The aforementioned individual environmental consultant reviewed the EMP implementation status through this reporting period and found overall compliance with the updated EMP requirements; and was advised that disturbance to original site ecology was

10 http://www.worldbank.org, at 3.35t/ha of annual soil erosion reduction. 11 Estimated based on the IEE dated 2012, i.e., water savings at 240m 3/mu/year. 12 To estimate carbon sequestered (in metric tons of CO2) by additional forestry acres in one year, simply multiply the number of acres by 0.85 mt CO 2 acre/year, ie, 2.1 mt CO 2/ha/year. (source: https://www.epa.gov/)

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minimized by the contractors where possible and stringent construction site management was implemented to avoid any adverse impact to the ecology and environment. In particular, protection of the Great Wall of Wuhudun was highlighted during Wuhudun subcomponent afforestation and drip irrigation system construction (for details, see Section 3.2). Also the Hongsipu subproject PIA informed that the wastewater generated from the associated facilities - vineyard and grape processing facilities (e.g. in distillation tank washing and cooling of the four wineries in Hongsipu) －was collected and in-plant wastewater treatment facilities were built now are under normal operation for all four wineries in the subproject area, which effluent is reused to irrigate the forest belt. Besides, the PMO/PIAs confirmed that no environmental complaint or grievance has been received so far. This was also verified from internet information search by individual environmental consultant. The individual environmental consultant will further collect relevant information from the PIAs and document such compliance status in future EMRs to ADB.

Wuhudun Ming Dynasty Great Wall well protected and intact by the Wuhudun subcomponent construction, sited at a closest distance of 150m (photos taken in December 2019)

Wastewater treatment facilities in Hongsipu under operation (associated facilities - vineyard and grape processing facilities)

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ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 )

4.3 Cost Estimates for Environmental Management

49. The IAs with help from the PMO develop detailed plans for procurement of equipment and materials, and civil works for implementing mitigation measures and monitoring plans. Environmental considerations be incorporated into the bidding documents and contracts to ensure environmentally responsive procurement.

50. Cost estimates for mitigation measures, environmental monitoring, and environmental administration are summarized in Table 4-2. The total cost for five years of project environmental monitoring and training is estimated to be CNY 1,496,250 (including the proposed newly added road in Hongsipu and replacement of yellowhorn orchard in Tongxin). Before implementing a monitoring plan, responsible agencies presented a more detailed breakdown of the estimated budget. During project implementation, the budgets are adjusted based on actual requirements. Contractors bear the costs for all mitigation measures during construction, land preparation and planting, which be included in the bidding documents and contracts. The IAs bear costs related to mitigation measures during operation. Costs related to environmental supervision during construction, land preparation and planting and operation be borne by the IAs. Costs for capacity building be borne by the project as a whole. During the operation phase, the training costs be included in the operation and maintenance budget.

Table 4-2: Cost Estimates (CNY) for EMP to be covered by the ADB Loan

Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 * Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 (2014) (2015) (2016) (2017) (2018) (2019) Detailed EMP 89,000 - - - - development Environmental 45,000 45,000 45,000 45,000 45,000 training and capacit y building Construction 61,357 61,357 61,357 61,357 61,357 61,357 phase monitoring Operational - 260,000 260,000 260,000 monitoring Contingency (5%) 9,768 5,318 5,318 5,318 5,318 3,068 Total per year 205,125 111,675 111,675 371,675 371,675 324,425 Grand total 6 1,496,250 years * As of December 2016, the overall project progress was about 43% against 60% of time elapsed. Project activities other than those involved in scope changes have been completed.

51. Itemised annual costs are provided in Table 4-3. These costs be entirely funded by the executing agency and not from the ADB loan. Relevant information will be collected and reported (as possible) at domestic/borrower’s PCR scheduled in the 1st half of 2020.

Table 4-3: Construction Phase Environmental Monitoring Costs Environmental Aspect Cost Estimate (CNY) Construction Phase Environmental Monitoring Costs Independent environmental monitoring 30,000 Ambient Air 30,000 Water qu ality 15,000 Ambient Noise 18,000 Vegetation disturbance and soil and erosion 30,000 Operational Phase Environmental Monitoring Annual Cost Estimate Independent environmental monitoring 50,000 Water Quality 84,000 Ambient Air Quality 10,800 Ambient noise 20,000 Soil quality Monitoring 63,000

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Environmental Aspect Cost Estimate (CNY) Greening 1,800 Soil and water conservation 25,000 Pests and diseases 3,600 Total 381,200

4.4 Performance Indicators

52. Table 4-4 outlines acceptance criteria for key aspects of the environmental performance of the project .

Table 4-4: Performance Indicators (as of 31 Dec 2019)

Item Parameters Targets from the EMP Achievements Water Conservation Water use In the project area total The Improved irrigation irrigated area has been system installed for 4 increased by 37,850 mu vineyard farms, 1 Chinese (2,523 ha), but depending date orchard and 3 on annual weather demonstration farms with a fluctuations, annual total area of 2,529.5 hectare irrigation water (ha) is expected to save consumption has been approximately 9.1million m 3 reduced in the order of 10 of irrigation water currently million m 3. being applied flood irrigation Irrigation water use and high water demand should be 1.9 ML/ha (plus crops. or minus 20%) Wastewater pH 5.5–8.5mg/L Not available. To be discharge from TN 30 mg/L reflected in future reporting grape processing TP 10 mg/L periods. facilities** BOD 100 mg/L (for wastewater collection COD 100 mg/L and treatment see above TSS 100 mg/L Section 4.2 , para. 53 )

Irrigation water pH 5.5–8.5mg/L Not available. To be quality** TN 30 mg/L reflected in future reporting TP 10 mg/L periods. BOD 100 mg/L COD 100 mg/L TSS 100 mg/L 13 3 3 Air quality SO 2 150 ug/m Complied. 11-33 ug/m in Jan to Nov 2019 3 3 PM 10 150 ug/m Complied. 43-134 ug/m in Jan to Nov 2019 Noise 14 Leq (dB(A)) Not exceeding 60 Complied. daytime average decibels [dB(A)] in levels: Yinchuan (53.0 daytime and dB(A)) relevant to 50 dB(A) in nighttime Binggou/Wuhudun/Ma’ansha n subcomponents and Wuzhong relevant to Hongsipu/Tongxin subcomponents (54.0 dB(A)); nighttime average levels: Yinchuan (53.0 dB(A)) and Wuzhong(53.6 dB(A)); in 2018

* Based on average concentrations from base line monitoring detailed in Table 11 of the IEE dated in 2012.

13 http://sthjt.nx.gov.cn/ 14 2018 Annual Environmental Statement in Ningxia, http://sthjt.nx.gov.cn/info/2796/117303.htm . 2019 annual report is yet to issue.

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Table 4-5: Monitoring index system for farmland, woodland, grassland and orchard type and Its Achievements (as of 31 Dec 2019) 15

I. Vegetation Index 1 2 3 4 5 6

Forest &Grassland Woodla nd Shrub &Grass Abandon ed Cultivated Exotic

coverage region area area Land area area Invasion

Number

Time Locatio Type % hm 2 hm 2 hm 2 hm 2 n 2019-6- Qukou FWG 10.2 473 210 None 2520 None 30 Farm O 2019-6- Lianhu FWG 9 230 86 None 1233 None 30 Farm O 2019-6- Yuquan FWG 9 471 200 None 2267 1 30 ying O Farm 2019-6- Hongsi FWG 333 30 pu O Xiaojiay ao Source: the IAs

Time Locatio Typ II. Natural IV.Air n e Conservation III. Soil & Soil Erosion Index Quality Area Index Index 1 1 2 3 4 1 Soil Soil Day Num. Day Num. Day Num. Odor Salini Erosion of Dust of of Flood zation and Sand Storm Wind Wind hm 2 t/(km 2 d/a /a) 2019-12-31 Qukou FWG No No 26 13 5 No Farm O 2019-12-31 Lianhu FW No No 30 15 5 No Farm GO 2019-12-31 Yuquan FW No No 30 15 5 No ying GO Farm 2019-12-31 Hongsip FW No No 40 7 No u GO Xiaojiay ao Source: the IAs

Time Location Ty pe V Groundwater Quality Index 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Groundwater Bury in Turbidity SS pH Nitric Acid Integration Irrigation Well Density (NitrateWater Quality Nitrogen) Index Still Water % Draw Water m3/h NTU TDS, mg/L Level hm 2 mg/L

15 Relevant specialists are being engaged by the PMO. Relevant information will be collected and reported (as possible) at domestic/borrower’s PCR scheduled in the 1 st half of 2020.

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2019- Qukou FW 6.3 12 80 No 863 7.87 7.4 II 12-31 Farm GO 2019- Lianhu FW 12-31 Farm GO 2019- Yuquan FW 4.8 10.8 80 No 863 7.73 7.4 II 12-31 ying GO Farm 2019- Hongsip FW 12-31 u GO Xiaojiay ao Source: the IAs WLFP: wetlands, landscape lakes and fishing ponds; FWGO: farmlands, woodlands, grasslands & orchards; CC: subcomponent in construction; CO: subcomponent in operation

4.5 Public Consultation

53. Future plans for public involvement during the design, construction, and operation phases were developed during the project preparation. These plans include public participation in (i) monitoring impacts and mitigation measures during the construction and operation stages, (ii) evaluating environmental and economic benefits and social impacts, and (iii) interviewing the public after the project is completed. They include several types of consultations, e.g., site visits, workshops, investigation of specific issues, interviews, and public hearings ( Table 4-6). A sample questionnaire in September in Binggao was shown below. Sample information signboards at construction site please see Section 4.6.

54. Public participation plans are part of the project implementation and management plan. The IA is responsible for public participation during project implementation. The IAs also establish environmental management units (EMU) for supervising implementation, continuing public consultation, monitoring progress, and responding to grievances. The staff at the offices be well trained to handle crisis situations or conflicts with residents due to distress from environmental impacts. Costs for public participation activities during project construction are included in the project funding. The costs are estimated as CNY3,000 for each expert workshop, CNY5,000 for each public workshop, and CNY6,000 for each press conference. Costs for public participation activities during operation be covered by the IA. In addition, the established feedback mechanisms ensure timely feedback and measures to address any concerns raised by the project affected communities. Relevant costing information will be collected and reported (as possible) at domestic/borrower’s PCR scheduled in the 1 st half of 2020.

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Table 4-6: Public Consultation Program and Implementation Status (as of 31 Dec 2019)

Organizer Approach and/or Times Subjects Participants Implement ation status during this reporting period 1. Project Preparation PMO, IAs, Design EIA public opinion surveys: Priority, design, PMO, IAs, Fulfilled. Institutes, EIA once for each subproject environmental Design institutes, county benefits and Institutes, EIA and district EPBs Socioeconomic and AP impacts, social institutes, surveys benefits and country and impacts, district EPBs, Public consultation meeting mitigation other regional, and questionnaire: once for measures, municipal, overall project attitudes toward county and subproject district project, and government suggestions stakeholders, community representatives

Site visits: at least twice per year

2. Construction PMO, IAs, EMC, Public consultation and site Adjusting Residents within Being IEMs visits: at least once a year mitigation construction fulfilled. measures if area necessary, construction impacts, comments and suggestions Public information session: Adjusting Representatives Being at least once a year mitigation of residents and fulfilled. measures if social sectors necessary, construction impacts, comments and suggestions 3. Test Operation

PMO, IAs, EMC, Questionnaire survey: at Comments and Local residents To be IEMs least once during test suggestions on and social complied operation operational sectors, county with impacts, public and district (the Site visits: multiple, suggestions on EPBs borrower depending on results of corrective actions PCR is project completion expected at environmental audit 1st half 2020) 4. Operation

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Organizer Approach and/or Times Subjects Participants Implement ation status during this reporting period PMO, IAs Site visits: once every 6 Irrigation system Farm manager, Being months by IEMs and PMO operational local residents complied performance, adjacent to with. informal farms Some site interviews with photos local residents please see Appendix 1 for reference. Expert workshop or press Expert comments Experts from Not conference: as needed and suggestions residents, social applicable based on public on corrective sectors, media so far. consultation and workshop measures AP = affected person, EIA = environmental impact assessment, EMC = environmental management consultant, EPB = environmental protection bureau, IEM = independent environmental monitor, IA = implementing agency, PMO = project management office, NEPD = Ningxia Environmental Protection Department. Source(s): Domestic EIAs, and consultations with PMO, NEPD, county and district EPBs, and IAs.

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4.6 Grievance Redress Mechanism

55. Public participation, consultation and information disclosure undertaken as part of the local EIA process, assessment, and development of resettlement plans; and consultations undertaken by the project consultants have discussed and addressed major community concerns. Continue public participation and consultation has been emphasized as a key component of successful project implementation. As a result of this public participation and safeguard assessment during the initial stages of the project, major issues of grievance are not expected. However, unforeseen issues may occur. In order to settle such issues effectively, an effective and transparent channel for lodging complaints and grievances has been established, as illustrated in the following sample. Besides, the PMO/PIAs confirmed that no environmental complaint or grievance has been received so far.

YC-G-N-2018002 Binggou-irrigation- lot 1 (information signboards including IA’s and contractor’s contact details as part of GRM)

56. In the event of a grievance issue, the basic stages established for redress are outlined below and depicted (which was translated into Chinese and distributed by the EA to residents in the project). Note that Steps 1-5 are for the project construction phase, and steps 2-5 are for the project operation phase.

(i) Stage 1. If a concern arises during construction or operation of the project, the affected person tries to resolve the issue of concern directly with the contractor project manager (i.e. the superintendent overseeing the works). If successful, no further follow-up is required.

(ii) Stage 2 . If not successful, the affected person can submit an oral or written petition/complaint to the village committee. 16 For an oral complaint, the village committee must make written records properly. The village committee must give a clear reply within 2 weeks. The IEM assist the village committee in replying to the affected person. Village committees are not part of the formal project structure, but provide an obvious first line of support for an affected resident in a village. The village committees represent the government at the community-level and provide the link to the county-level agencies, which in turn link to the IAs, and respectively higher levels, as required.

16 In the project cities/counties, the village committees are aware of their responsibilities and regulatory procedures.

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(iii) Stage 3 . If the affected person is not satisfied with the reply in Stage 2, he/she can appeal to the township government after receiving the reply in Stage 1 and the township government must give a clear reply within 2 weeks. The IEM assist the township government in replying to the affected person.

(iv) Stage 4 . If the affected person is still not satisfied with the reply of township government, he/she can appeal to the IA. The IA, through the PMO and PIOs, must inform the ADB project officer as soon as the complaint is recorded, by submitting relevant documents. The IA, through the EMU established in the IA, must prepare a clear reply in consultation with the EPB, EMC, and IEM, and give it to the affected person within 30 days.

(v) Stage 5 . If the affected person is still not satisfied with the reply of the IA, he/she can appeal to the PMO after receiving the reply of Stage 4. The PMO must report to ADB as soon as the complaint is recorded by submitting relevant documents, and prepare a clear reply in consultation with the EMUs, EMC, IEMs, and ADB. The PMO must give the reply to the affected person within 30 days. The PMO assess the situation, contact the affected person and Government project counterparts, and design and implement the course of actions. The ADB project team be kept informed of progress by the PMO and provide advice as necessary.

(vi) Note. The EA and PMO ensure that clear lines of communication are identified for each responsible agency in the GRM, including the PIOs, IAs, village committees, and contractors. These lines of communication include: (a) the names of specific contact personnel in each agency; (b) contact work telephone numbers for these personnel and their office; (c) if available, contact fax numbers and/or email addresses. Contact names and details for each agency be presented in Chinese language, prior to the distribution of this below figure as a project poster among communities in the project sites. Both the EA and PMO each designate a specific contact person in their respective agencies, who be responsible for collecting, documenting, and tracking any complaints received through the PIOs, IAs, village or township committees, or work contractors, and for ensuring that any affected persons are responded to in a timely fashion.

P a g e | 56 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 )

Figure : Summary of Grievance Redress Mechanism for Project Construction and Operation

4.7 Reporting and Supervision

57. Monthly construction reports. During the construction, land preparation and planting period, contractors submit monthly construction reports to the IAs. The reports summarize: (i) environmental issues during construction, land preparation and planting; (ii) mitigation measures taken, if any; and (iii) consequences of the impacts on the environment and/or surrounding communities.

58. The contractors were trained to take immediate actions to remedy unexpected adverse impacts or ineffective or inefficient mitigation measures, as required by the EMP. IAs also respond to these reports in order to ensure that the contractors have taken appropriate and timely action. Additional measures may be taken, if needed, to ensure that all issues raised by the reports are appropriately addressed.

59. The reported environmental issues, mitigation measures, and the impacts be reported to the PMO quarterly, and NEPD and county and district EPBs semi-annually, then ADB annually. NEPD, county and district EPBs and ADB may request that further environmental mitigation actions be taken, as they deem necessary, and may determine further mitigation measures for different stages, if necessary.

60. Monitoring reports. On behalf of the IAs, the local EPBs delegate monitoring to the local EMSs. The EMSs conduct regular and random environmental monitoring activities before, during, and

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after construction, land preparation and planting, as well as in the event of emergencies, according to the PRC environmental regulations. The monitoring reports include: (i) project background, (ii) construction, land preparation and planting and operation activities, (iii) environmental conditions, (iv) measurement or sampling taken during auditing and their locations, (v) analytical results, (vi) interpretation and implication of the monitoring results, (vii) determination of the status with regard to applicable regulations and standards, and (viii) recommendations for improvement. These reports be submitted to the IAs which forward those to NEPD, county and district EPBs, and the PMO.

61. Independent environmental monitoring reports. IEMs submit independent environmental monitoring reports on an annual basis to IAs which forward those to the PMO, NEPD, county and district EPBs, and ADB. The reports emphasize: (i) progress made in implementing the EMP, (ii) implementation of mitigation measures, (iii) environmental compliance, (iv) institutional strengthening and training, (v) public consultations, and (vi) problems and corrective actions (if any) taken, including any complaints (number, type/kind, issues, resolution) sent to the GRM.

62. Quarterly project progress reports and project completion report. Based on the monthly construction reports, project monitoring and audit reports, and independent environmental monitoring reports submitted to the PMO, the PMO, with assistance from the EMC, report to ADB on a quarterly basis the progress of the EMP, information on project implementation, and the environmental performance of the contractors, through quarterly project progress reports. Any complaints received under the GRM should be reported in the quarterly project progress reports and annual environmental monitoring reports submitted to ADB. In addition, within 3 months of physical completion of the project, the PMO submit to ADB a project completion report that describes the achievements in relation to the project's expected impact, outcome, and outputs including environmental terms. ADB may request that further environmental mitigation actions be taken, as they deem necessary, and may determine further mitigation measures for different stages, if necessary.

63. The environmental reporting plan is presented in Table 4-7.

Table 4-7: Environmental Reporting Plan and Implementation Status (as of 31 Dec 2019)

Reports From To Frequency Implementati on status during this reporting period Construction, land Contractors IAs Monthly Being fulfilled preparation and planting reports

Project monitoring EMSs IAs (forwarded to As per the Being fulfilled reports PMO, NEPD, and PRC county and district regulation EPBs)

Independent IEMs IAs (forwarded to Annual Being fulfilled environmental PMO, NEPD, and monitoring reports county and district EPBs) and ADB

Quarterly Project PMO, EMC ADB Quarterly and Being fulfilled Progress Reports within 3 and Project months of Completion Report physical completion of

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Reports From To Frequency Implementati on status during this reporting period the project

ADB = Asian Development Bank, EMC = environmental management consultant, EPB = environmental protection bureau, EMS = environmental monitoring station at city or county level, IEM = independent environmental monitor, IA = implementing agency, NEPD = Ningxia Environmental Protection Department, PMO = project management office, PRC = People‘s Republic of China-. Source(s): Domestic EIAs, and consultations with the EPBs, IAs, NEPD, and PMO.

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Note: The following environmental related reports were prepared for the Project in this reporting period (as shown in the table below):

 Contractors’ environmental/safety/occupational health training, public consultation records, internal monthly environmental monitoring reports by contractors;  The fourth semi-annual EMR, by the LIEC.  Summary of the Completed Environmental Related Reports during this Reporting Period (as of 31 Dec 2019) 17

No. Environmental Reports and preparer Reporting Period Prepared in/on Submitted in/on Semi -annual EMR 1 The fourth semi-annual EMR by the loan implementation environmental 1 January to 30 June 2019 Jul 2019 28 Jul 2019 monitoring consultant Contractors’ environmental/safety/occupational health training, public consultation records 2 YC-G-N-2018002 Binggou-irrigation- lot 1 July to November 2019 31 July 2019 31 July 2019 YC-G-N-2018005 Binggou vegetation restoration 31 August 2019 31 August 2019 YC-G-N-2018006 Binggou water saving and drought resistant plant 30 September 2019 30 September cultivation 31 October 2019 2019 YC-G-N-2018007 Binggou intelligent monitoring equipment 30 November 2019 31 October 2019 YC-G-N-2018008 Binggou glass greenhouse 30 November YC-W-N-2018006 Binggou Solar Greenhouse 2019 YC-W-N-2018007 Binggou cold shed YC-W-N-2018008 Binggou cold storage YC-W-N-2018009 Binggou-peripheral ecological protection forest- lot 1 YC-W-N-2018010 Binggou-peripheral ecological protection forest- lot 2 YC-W-N-2018011 Binggou-peripheral ecological protection forest- lot 3 YC-W-N-2018012 Binggou road ecological protection forest- lot 1 YC-W-N-2018015 Binggou field demonstration center YC-W-N-2018016 Binggou water supply system YC-W-N-2018019 Binggou production road ring road-lot 1 YC-W-N-2018023 Binggou infrastructure YC-W-S-2018002 Binggou - repair of fence and supporting facilities of field demonstration center

YC-G-N-2018013 Wuhudun drip irrigation network YC-W-N-2018021 Wuhudun - ecological protection forest, main pipeline and operation road

17 Given this project covers more than 110 contract packages and to check overall project compliance status on internl reporting, this table mainly lists some available documents (sample) during this reporting period. For other EHS related documentation (such as contractor’s CEMP, construction scheme including EHS management SoPs, emergency preparedness and response plan, training and consultation records, and etc.) please see the previous EMRs for reference. P a g e | 60 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) No. Environmental Reports and preparer Reporting Period Prepared in/on Submitted in/on YC-G-N-2018016 Ma'anshan-water and fertilizer integration YC-W-N-2018022 Ma'anshan - Characteristic agricultural demonstration

3 TX-W-N-2018001 Pump Station July to December 2019 N/A 31 December 2019 4 TX-W-N-2018003 Irrigation Civil Works (Lot 1) July to December 2019 N/A 31 December 2019 5 TX-W-N-2018004 Irrigation Civil Works (Lot 2) July to December 2019 N/A 31 December 2019 6 TX-W-N-2018006 Land Leveling July to December 2019 N/A 31 December 2019 7 TX-W-N-2018007 Economic forest and shelterbelt July to December 2019 N/A 31 December 2019 8 HSP-W-N-2018001 Hongsipu Vineyard Road Pavement July to December 2019 N/A 31 December 2019 CSCs or contractors’ Environmental supervision monthly reports (representative) 9 YC-G-N-2018002 Binggou-irrigation- lot 1 July to November 2019 31 July 2019 31 July 2019 YC-G-N-2018005 Binggou vegetation restoration 31 August 2019 31 August 2019 YC-G-N-2018006 Binggou water saving and drought resistant plant 30 September 2019 30 September cultivation 31 October 2019 2019 YC-G-N-2018007 Binggou intelligent monitoring equipment 30 November 2019 31 October 2019 YC-G-N-2018008 Binggou glass greenhouse 30 November YC-W-N-2018006 Binggou Solar Greenhouse 2019 YC-W-N-2018007 Binggou cold shed YC-W-N-2018008 Binggou cold storage YC-W-N-2018009 Binggou-peripheral ecological protection forest- lot 1 YC-W-N-2018010 Binggou-peripheral ecological protection forest- lot 2 YC-W-N-2018011 Binggou-peripheral ecological protection forest- lot 3 YC-W-N-2018012 Binggou road ecological protection forest- lot 1 YC-W-N-2018015 Binggou field demonstration center YC-W-N-2018016 Binggou water supply system YC-W-N-2018019 Binggou production road ring road-lot 1 YC-W-N-2018023 Binggou infrastructure YC-W-S-2018002 Binggou - repair of fence and supporting facilities of field demonstration center

YC-G-N-2018013 Wuhudun drip irrigation network YC-W-N-2018021 Wuhudun - ecological protection forest, main pipeline and operation road YC-G-N-2018016 Ma'anshan-water and fertilizer integration YC-W-N-2018022 Ma'anshan - Characteristic agricultural demonstration

No. Environmental Reports and preparer Reporting Period Prepared in/on Submitted in/on 10 TX-W-N-2018001 Pump Station July to August 2019 31 July 2019 31 July 2019 31 August 2019 31 August 2019

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11 TX-W-N-2018003 Irrigation Civil Works (Lot 1) July to October 2019 31 July 2019 31 July 2019 31 August 2019 31 August 2019 30 September 2019 30 September 31 October 2019 2019 31 October 2019 12 TX-W-N-2018004 Irrigation Civil Works (Lot 2) July to August 2019 31 July 2019 31 July 2019 31 August 2019 31 August 2019

13 TX-W-N-2018006 Land Leveling August to October 2019 31 August 2019 31 August 2019 30 September 2019 30 September 31 October 2019 2019 31 October 2019 14 TX-W-N-2018007 Economic forest and shelterbelt July to September 2019 31 July 2019 31 July 2019 31 August 2019 31 August 2019 30 September 2019 30 September 2019 15 HSP-W-N-2018001 Hongsipu Vineyard Road Pavement July to September 2019 31 July 2019 31 July 2019 31 August 2019 31 August 2019 30 September 2019 30 September 2019

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5.Conclusions and Recommendations

64. As of this reporting period end, the project subcomponents, in particular for plantation types and areas of shelterbelts, crops and others as well as their survival rate, were fulfilled per approved project design and as scheduled. From the view of environmental and ecological protection, overall project implementation situation is good. Throughout the project implementation area, the environment condition is quite well, especially the ambient air quality is good. And there is no serious environmental pollution incidents, no pollutants put into the surrounding area, no large amounts of solid wastes from the construction site or improper handling operation, no obvious environmental deterioration in appearance.

65. Some monitoring forms submitted by project implementation agencies to the project management office are still not complete, especially some blank cells written by using monitoring data is not easy to measure and monitor. However, it does not seriously distorted and/or affect the monitoring results.

5.1 Key issues 66. It is important to maintain compliance throughout the entire project implementation including trial-operational stage (ie, the implementation status of initial project facilities maintenance scheme). The aforementioned individual environmental consultant reviewed the EMP implementation status through this reporting period and found overall compliance with the updated EMP requirements; and was advised that disturbance to original site ecology was minimized by the contractors where possible and stringent construction site management was implemented to avoid any adverse impact to the ecology and environment. In particular, protection of the Great Wall of Wuhudun was highlighted during Wuhudun subcomponent afforestation and drip irrigation system construction. Also the Hongsipu subproject PIA informed that the wastewater generated from the associated facilities - vineyard and grape processing facilities (e.g. in distillation tank washing and cooling of the four wineries in Hongsipu) －was collected and in-plant wastewater treatment facilities were built now are under normal operation for all four wineries in the subproject area, which effluent is reused to irrigate the forest belt. Besides, the PMO/PIAs confirmed that no environmental complaint or grievance has been received so far. This was also verified from internet information search by individual environmental consultant. The individual environmental consultant will further collect relevant information from the PIAs and document such compliance status in future EMRs to ADB.

5.2 Suggestions 67. The subcomponents under construction were located at remote rural areas and no sensitive receptors (villages/schools/institutions) or surface water bodies are located within a radius of 3km in the vicinity of the subproject sites. At construction, noise/atmospheric/wastewater pollution impacts were insignificant since most of the works (such as building farming facilities, planting trees, excavating irrigation ditches, piping, etc.) were in medium or small scale. Furthermore, the regional ambient environmental quality was cited in the following appendices and indicates generally good environmental quality. Considering the whole ADB funded project is near completion which is scheduled at June 2020, Project Management Office suggested that the construction noise/air quality testing by local EMSs be expected at domestic completion check and acceptance stage probably in the second half 2020. Project Management Office will also recheck all monitoring forms; urge subproject implementation agencies which has submitted incomplete monitoring form and monitoring personnel who were not complete their monitoring tasks responsibly to replenish blank and/or wrong cell, when many contractors had submitted quality monthly internal monitoring reports as shown in Section 4.7 . If the monitoring

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personnel of the implementation agency are not competent for monitoring duty, the PMO under assistance from the LIEC will take some technical trainings of capacity building for promoting the monitoring ability and standard of whole project monitoring team.

List of Appendices

Appendix 1 Satellite maps and photos Appendix 2 Ecology status in Ningxia (related to the Project Area) Appendix 3 Agriculture related environmental indicators in Yinchuan City (related to the Binggou, Wuhudun, and Ma’anshan subprojects) Appendix 4 Climate in Ningxia (related to the Project Area) Appendix 5 2019 Environment Quality in Yinchuan (related to the Binggou, Wuhudun, and Ma’anshan subprojects)

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Appendix 1 Satellite maps and photos

Satellite maps -Qukou farm (new vineyard, 180 ha, [email protected],E105.840406), completed in 2014

9 May 2010 prior to project appraisal 12 Feb 2013 at implementation

10 Jul 2015 at component completion 14 Dec 2019 at operation Note: Based on Google Earth Pro 2019

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Satellite maps -Yuquanying farm (vineyard rehabilitated),133 ha completed in 2014 (centered@ N38.2663103, E105.99929,2977)

15 Sept. 2012 prior to project appraisal 5 Oct 2014 at implementation

10 Jul 2015 at component completion 12 Dec 2019 at operation Note: Based on Google Earth Pro 2019

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Satellite maps - Lianhu Part farm (vineyard rehabilitated):156.5 ha completed in 2014 ([email protected],E105.9815487)

12 Feb 2013 prior to project appraisal 22 Apr 2014 at implementation

10 Jul 2015 at component comple tion 12 Dec 2019 at operation Note: Based on Google Earth Pro 2019

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Satellite maps - Xiaojiayao farm of Hongsipu (new vineyard, 333.3 ha): completed in 2014 ([email protected],E106.1473305)

2012 prior to project appraisal (not available) 13 Apr 2013 at implementation

7 Dec 2013 at component completion 14 Dec 2019 at operation Note: Based on Google Earth Pro 2019

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Site photos in September 2019 18

Road rehabilitation under construction and water sprinkling

Safety warnings

18 The temperature varied from 9~32 °C in Septmeber 2019. ( http://lishi.tianqi.com/wuzhong/201909.html ) P a g e | 69 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 )

Satellite maps – Wangdatao village at Tongxin dates site 1 (The two sites’ total Chinese dates orchards (666.7 ha) had been completed using government funds in 2013 (centered@ N36.9426269,E105.8182431)

5 Oct 2012 prior to project appraisal 8 Mar 2013 at implementation

24 Sept 2014 at component completion 16 Dec 2019 at operation Note: Based on Google Earth Pro 2019

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Satellite maps – Yujialiang village at Tongxin dates site 2 (The two sites’ total Chinese dates orchards (666.7 ha) had been completed using government funds in 2013 (centered@ N36.9815346,E106.0184053)

8 Apr 2011 prior to project appraisal 8 Mar 2013 at implementation

24 Sept 2014 at component completion 16 Dec 2019 at operation Note: Based on Google Earth Pro 2019

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Satellite maps – Tongxin (yellowhorn planting construction in 2019, E106 °22 ′45 ″~106 °24 ′24 ″ / N38 °09 ′)

1 Mar 2017 prior to project mid-term review 15 Jan 2018 at implementation, prior to construction

28 Sept. 2018 , prior to construction 16 Dec 2019 under construction Note: Based on Google Earth Pro 2019

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Site photos in August 2019

Reservoir construction site Site leveling

Road construction Irrigation system construction

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Satellite maps – Binggou (modern agriculture demonstration construction started in 2018, E106 °34 ′3″~106 °36 ′27 ″ / N38 °23 ′14 ″ ~38 °25 ′58 ″)

30 Jul 2015 prior to project mid -term review 11 Mar 2018 at implementation, prior to construction

15 May 2018 during construction 28 Dec 2019 during construction Note: Based on Google Earth Pro 2019

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Site photos in September 2019

Onsite environmental, health and safety signboards Water sprinkling

Irrigation water transmission line under construction

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Satellite maps – Wuhudun (shelterbelt only, E106 °27 ′17 ″~106 °28 ′8″ / N38 °19 ′37 ″~38 °21 ′15 ″)

10 Sept 2017 prior to project mid-term review 11 Mar 2018 at implementation, prior to construction

17 May 2018 during construction 8 Dec 2019 during construction Note: Based on Google Earth Pro 2019

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Site photos in September 2019

Wuhudun site East to the Ming Dynasty’s Great wall

East to the Ming Dynasty’s Great wall with fence Water sprinkling

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Satellite maps – Ma’anshan (modern agriculture demonstration, E106 °22 ′45 ″~106 °24 ′24 ″ / N38 °09 ′)

10 Sept 2017 prior to project mid -term review 11 Mar 2018 at implementation, prior to construction

17 May 2018 during construction 8 Dec 2019 during construction Note: Based on Google Earth Pro 2019

P a g e | 78 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 )

Site photos in September 2019

Onsite project management office Existing reservoir

Water sprinkling (1) Water sprinkling (2)

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Appendix 2 Reference: Ecology status in Ningxia (related to the Project Area)

Reference: 2018 Annual Environmental Statement in Ningxia, http://sthjt.nx.gov.cn/info/2796/117303.htm （note: the 2019 annual report is yet available ）

Abstract: . Ecological environment quality . The overall ecological environment quality of the whole district is “general”. In the 22 counties monitored, there are 4 counties with “good” ecological environment quality and 18 “general” counties. The ecological environment quality of Wuyuan County, Longde County, Yuanzhou District and Pengyang County was “good”, accounting for 14.3% of the total land area of the district, up 10.2% year-on-year; other counties were “general”, accounting for the whole district. 85.7% of the total land area.

Biodiversity . By the end of 2018, there were 471 species of vertebrate, 5 classes, 30 orders, 87 families. Among them, there are 37 species of 6 families and 3 families of amphibians, 2 orders and 4 families of amphibians, 2 species, 8 families and 21 species of reptilian, 2 orders, 49 families and 320 species, and 6 families, 20 families and 85 species.

Key maps: Binggou/Wuhudun/ Ma’anshan in Yinchuan Ecology status: general (lower than NAR average) or average

Hongsipu Ecology status: general (lower than NAR average) Tongxin Ecology status: general (lower than NAR average)

P a g e | 80 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) Appendix 3 Reference: Agriculture related environmental indicators in Yinchuan City (related to the Binggou, Wuhudun, and Ma’anshan subprojects)

Reference: Yinchuan Municipality Government’s website, http://www.yinchuan.gov.cn/

Abstract: ． Protect the clean land and create a better life

In 2019, use of chemical fertilizer, pesticide and herbicide were reduced by more than 15% on average, and have been basically eliminated within the Fourth Ring Road of the city; 47 demonstration areas with an area of 86,000mu have been established for "three reduction"; the comprehensive utilization rate of general industrial solid waste is more than 90%, and the disposal rate of hazardous waste is 100%.

In 2019, there were no incidents of quality problems or adverse social impact of agricultural products caused by farmland soil pollution in Yinchuan City, and no incidents of suspected contaminated plots or improper redevelopment and utilization of contaminated plots and adverse social impact.

At the same time of protecting the existing land, Yinchuan city had carried out a series of ecological restoration projects and returned the green background of the land. For example, through the "Green Shield Action 2019" by supervision of Nature Reserve, 74 human activities were investigated and rectified, and 42 enterprises occupying 2,174 mu of land in Ningxia Lingwu Baijitan National Nature Reserve were retreated, and the ecological restoration work was completed; the ecological environment improvement and restoration work in key areas around Helan Mountain National Nature Reserve was carried out, and 11 comprehensive improvement works were completed. For another example, the ecological restoration project around Taomengou and Xingan highway had been implemented, with a total area of 63.47ha; the pilot project of soil pollution treatment and restoration in Xingfu village, Ligang Town, Helan county was completed, with an area of 650 mu of soil improved.

In 2019, Yinchuan City issued the " Yinchuan Construction Land Soil Environmental Protection Management Coordination Scheme (Provisional) ", which incorporated the construction land soil environmental management into urban planning and land supply management, and implemented coordination supervision. In the aspect of rural residential environment improvement, Yinchuan City transited from typical demonstration to comprehensive promotion. In 2019, the popularization rate of rural sanitary toilets in Yinchuan City reached 63.5%, the treatment rate of rural domestic sewage reached 30%, and the treatment rate of rural domestic waste reached 85%.

P a g e | 81 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) Appendix 4 Reference: Climate in in Ningxia (related to the Project Area)

Reference: People.cn, http://nx.people.com.cn/

Main characteristics of weather and climate in Ningxia in 2019. In 2019, the annual average temperature is 9.4 ℃, or 0.9 ℃ higher than that of the normal year, which is the 23 rd consecutive year of high temperature since 1997; the annual precipitation is 341.7mm, or 27% higher, which is the 9 th consecutive year of high temperature since 2011. The annual sunshine hours are 2,572 hours, or 262 hours less than that of the normal year.

The temperature had the characteristics of periodic change. The temperature fluctuated greatly in early spring. The average temperature in April reached a new high since 1961, and it dropped to the lowest in nearly 17 years in May. The "cool" summer which was rarely seen in the past 15 years occurred, and the average high temperature days in the north and central part are only 3 days.

The spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation was quite different. In the southern mountainous area, it had been raining (snowing) for 8 consecutive months. The number of days with moderate rain or above reached a new high since 1961. The annual precipitation in Jingyuan reached 1,019.8mm, which is the first annual precipitation in Ningxia above 1,000 mm since the meteorological records were made. The duration and scope of continuous rainy process in the middle and late June set a record in the same period. The initial snow date in different places was also earlier.

P a g e | 82 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) Appendix 5 Reference: 2019 Environment Quality in Yinchuan (related to the Binggou, Wuhudun, and Ma’anshan subprojects ) 19

Atmosphere

1. 153 air pollution prevention and control projects were completed, and the urban cleaning model of "evaluating cleanness by gram" had been fully implemented.

2. There were 324 excellent days in the city, with the compliance rate of 88.8% (dust weather is not deducted), an increase of 28 days on a year-on-year basis, the average concentration of inhalable particles (PM 10 ) decreased by 21.3% on a year-on-year basis, and the average concentration of fine particles (PM 2.5 ) decreased by 8.3% on a year-on-year basis.

Water

1. The River (Lake) Mayor system was fully covered.

2. The expansion and connection project of riverside water system wetland formed a riverside water system at a length of about 50 kilometers and an area of about 11,000 mu, and the water quality of water entering and draining into the Yellow River was basically stable above class IV; the wetland area of the whole city reached 51,000 hectares, which is listed in the first batch of " Wetland Cities in the World" by the Convention on wetlands of international importance under the United Nations; the urban sewage treatment rate reached more than 95%. Nine odorous water bodies were basically eliminated.

3. The water quality of Yinchuan section of the Yellow River kept stable at "class II in and class II out", Diannong river reached class II in average, Mingcui lake was class III in water quality, Yuehai lake was class IV in water quality, and the water quality (except ammonia nitrogen) of the water sources met class III standard of groundwater environment quality.

Soil

1. The average reduction of chemical fertilizer, pesticide and herbicide was more than 15%.

2. The comprehensive utilization rate of straw was over 83%.

3. The comprehensive disposal and utilization rate of general industrial solid waste in the city is more than 90%, and the disposal rate of hazardous waste is 100%.

Ecological restoration

1. 9,729 mu of new wine grape planting base.

2. 74 human activity sites were investigated and renovated. 2,174 mu land at 42 enterprises in Baijitan National Nature Reserve was cleared away, and completed ecological restoration.

19 http://www.sohu.com/

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3. The newly added landscaping area in the built-up area of the city is 123 hectares, the urban green area is 7,782.2 hectares, the park landscaping area is 2,482.92 hectares, the urban roads with landscaping was at a total length of 427 kilometers, 21 urban parks were built, and the landscaping coverage, landscaping rate and per capita landscaping area of the built-up area were 42.4%, 41.98% and 16.98 m 2 respectively.

P a g e | 84 Ningxia PMO, Jan 2020 ADB Loan Ningxia Irrigated Agriculture and Water Conservation Demonstration Project Environmental Monitoring Report (For Period from 1 July to 31 December 2019 ) Appendix 6 EHS training records (sample)

Binggou training record in September 2019 Wuhudun training attendees list in July 2019

Tongxin training record through June to October 2019 Hongsipu training record in October 2019

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