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SERIE FAUNA SILVESTRE NEOTROPICAL I. CONSERVACIÓN DE GRANDES VERTEBRADOS en áreas no protegidas de Colombia, Venezuela y Brasil Esteban Payán Garrido, Carlos A. Lasso y Carlos Castaño-Uribe (Editores)( ) SERIE FAUNA SILVESTRE NEOTROPICAL I. CONSERVACIÓN DE GRANDES VERTEBRADOS en áreas no protegidas de Colombia, Venezuela y Brasil Esteban Payán Garrido, Carlos A. Lasso y Carlos Castaño-Uribe (Editores) © Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Diseño y diagramación: Proyectos Semana S. A. Alexander von Humboldt. 2015. Impresión: JAVEGRAF – Fundación Cultural Javeriana de Los textos pueden ser citados total o parcialmente citando Artes Gráficas. la fuente. Impreso en Bogotá, D. C., Colombia, marzo de 2016 - SERIE EDITORIAL FAUNA SILVESTRE NEOTROPICAL 1.000 ejemplares. Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt. CITACIÓN SUGERIDA Obra completa: Payán, E., C. A. Lasso y C. Castaño- Editor: Carlos A. Lasso. Uribe (Editores). 2015. I. Conservación de grandes vertebrados en áreas no protegidas de Colombia, Revisión científica: Jon Paul Rodríguez (Instituto Venezuela y Brasil. Serie Editorial Fauna Silvestre Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas) y Roger Neotropical. Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Pérez-Hernández (Universidad Central de Venezuela). Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH), Bogotá, D. C., Colombia. 302 pp. Asistencia editorial: Diego Núñez. Capítulos: Link, A. y A. G. de Luna. 2015. Revisión de textos: Carlos A. Lasso, Esteban Payán Conservación del mono araña café (Ateles hybridus) y Garrido, Carlos Castaño-Uribe, Diego Núñez y Mónica A. otros primates en áreas no protegidas de Colombia. Morales-Betancourt. Capítulo 15. Pp. 275-293. En: Payán, E., C. A. Lasso y C. Castaño-Uribe (Editores). 2015. I. Conservación Fotos portada: Ana Malagón y Nathalie Regnier. de grandes vertebrados en áreas no protegidas de Colombia, Venezuela y Brasil. Serie Editorial Fauna Foto contraportada: Mónica A. Morales-Betancourt. Silvestre Neotropical. Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH), Foto portada interior: Luis Linares. Bogotá, D. C., Colombia. Conservación de grandes vertebrados en áreas no 1. Mamíferos -- conservación. 2. Aves -- conservación. protegidas de Colombia, Venezuela y Brasil / editado 3. Reptiles -- conservación. 4. Peces – conservación. 5. por Esteban Payán, Carlos A. Lasso y Carlos Casta- Grandes vertebrados -- conservación. 6. Áreas no prote- ño-Uribe; Serie Editorial Fauna Silvestre Neotropical, gidas. 7. Región neotropical. 8. Colombia. 9. Venezuela. I -- Bogotá: Instituto de Investigación de Recursos 10. Brasil. I. Payán, Esteban (Ed) II. Lasso, Carlos A. (Ed) Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt, 2015. III. Castaño-Uribe, Carlos (Ed) IV. Instituto de Investiga- ción de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt. 302 p.: il., col.; 17 x 24 cm. Incluye bibliografía, fotografías y tablas CDD: 639,9708 Ed. 23 ISBN obra impresa: 978-958-8889-72-6 Número de contribución: 35 ISBN obra digital: 978-958-8889-73-3 Registro en el catálogo Humboldt: 14974 Catalogación en la publicación – Biblioteca Instituto Humboldt – Nohora Alvarado. Responsabilidad. Las denominaciones empleadas y la presentación del material en esta publicación no implican la expresión de opinión o juicio alguno por parte del Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt. Así mismo, las opiniones expresadas no representan necesariamente las decisiones o políticas del Instituto, ni la citación de nombres, límites geograficos o procesos comerciales. Todos los aportes y opiniones expresadas son de la entera responsabilidad de los autores correspondientes. 2 Comité científico • Andrés Link (Universidad de los Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Andes, Colombia) Colombia) • Carlos Castaño-Uribe (Fundación • Mariella Superina (IUCN/SSC Herencia Ambiental Caribe, Anteater, Sloth & Armadillo Colombia) Specialist Group & IMBECU-CCT • Emiliano Ramalho (Instituto de Conicet, Mendoza, Argentina) Desenvolvimento Sustentável • Michael Valqui Haase (Centro Mamirauá, Brasil) para la Sostenibilidad Ambiental, • Esteban Payán Garrido (Panthera) Universidad Peruana Cayetano • Fernando Trujillo (Fundación Heredia) Omacha, Colombia) • Nathaly van Vliet (Center for • Hugo López (Universidad International Forestry Research, Nacional de Colombia, Instituto CIFOR) de Ciencias Naturales) • Olga Montenegro (Universidad • Isaac Goldstein (Wildlife Nacional de Colombia, Instituto de Conservation Society, Andean Bear Ciencias Naturales) Conservation Program) • Rafael Hoogesteijn (Panthera) • Jhon Lynch (Universidad Nacional • Yaneth Muñoz-Saba de Colombia, Instituto de Ciencias (Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Naturales) Instituto de Ciencias Naturales) • Jon Paul Rodríguez (Instituto • Roger Pérez-Hernández Venezolano de Investigaciones (Universidad Central de Venezuela, Científicas & UICN) Instituto de Zoología y Ecología • José Vicente Rodríguez Tropical) (Conservación Internacional, • Salvador Boher (Instituto Colombia) Experimental Jardín Botánico • Josefa Celsa Señaris (Instituto “Dr. Tobías Lasser” & Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones de Zoología y Ecología Tropical, Científicas) Universidad Central de Venezuela) • Galo Zapata-Ríos (Wildlife • Tula Fang (Comunidad de Manejo Conservation Society, Ecuador) de Fauna Silvestre en América • Giovanni Ulloa (Asocaimán, Latina-COMFAUNA) Colombia) • Wendy Townsend (Programa de • Luis Germán Naranjo (WWF Conservación y Desarrollo Tropical Colombia) de la Universidad de Florida, • Manuel Ruíz García (Departamento Gainesville FL, USA & Museo de de Biología, Unidad de Genética, Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Santa Cruz, Bolivia) CONSERVACIÓN DE GRANDES VERTEBRADOS EN ÁREAS NO PROTEGIDAS DE COLOMBIA, VENEZUELA Y BRASIL ° 3 Tabla de contenido Presentación 8 Autores y afiliaciones 10 Agradecimientos 12 Resumen ejecutivo 14 Executive summary 18 Introducción 22 Esteban Payán Garrido, Carlos A. Lasso y C. Castaño-Uribe CAPÍTULO 1 27 Conservación de grandes peces de agua dulce en áreas no protegidas de Colombia / Large freshwater fish conservation in non-protected areas of Colombia Carlos A. Lasso y Paula Sánchez-Duarte CAPÍTULO 2 53 Conservación de grandes reptiles acuáticos continentales (tortugas y crocodílidos) en Colombia / Conservation of large continental aquatic turtles and cocodrilians in Colombia Mónica A. Morales–Betancourt y Carlos A. Lasso CAPÍTULO 3 71 Rehabilitación y liberación de perezosos (Xenarthra: Bradypodidae y Megalonychidae) en áreas no protegidas en Colombia / Rehabilitation and reintroduction of sloths (Xenarthra: Bradypodidae and Megalonychidae) from non-protected areas of Colombia Tinka Plese CAPÍTULO 4 81 La conservación de los manatíes (Trichechus inunguis y Trichechus manatus) en áreas no protegidas de Colombia / Conservation of manatees (Trichechus inunguis and Trichechus manatus) in non-protected areas of Colombia Nataly Castelblanco-Martínez, Sarita Kendall, Diana L. Orozco y Katherine Arévalo González 4 CAPÍTULO 5 99 Una historia de dos ciudades: cacería y conservación por fuera de áreas protegidas. El caso de la danta (Tapirus terrestris) en el Parque Nacional Natural Amacayacu, Colombia / A tale of two cities: lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris) conservation and hunting outside Amazonian protected areas in Colombia Jaime Cabrera CAPÍTULO 6 115 Distribución de la danta de montaña (Tapirus pinchaque) en Colombia: importancia de las áreas no protegidas para la conservación en escenarios de cambio climático / Distribution of the mountain tapir (Tapirus pinchaque) in Colombia: importance of non-protected areas for conservation under climate change scenarios Diego J. Lizcano, David A. Prieto-Torres y Hugo M. Ortega-Andrade CAPÍTULO 7 133 La cacería, amenaza potencial para la dinámica poblacional de pacaranas (Dinomys branickii) en Colombia / Poaching and niche specificity increase extinction risk for pacaranas (Dinomys branickii) in unprotected lands of the Colombian Andes Carlos A. Saavedra-Rodríguez CAPÍTULO 8 149 El oso andino (Tremarctos ornatus) fuera de las áreas protegidas en Colombia / The andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus) out of protected areas in Colombia Daniel Rodríguez CAPÍTULO 9 La nutria gigante (Pteronura brasiliensis): especie en 171 recuperación, conflictos con las pesquerías e historia genética en Colombia / Giant otters (Pteronura brasiliensis): recovery of the species, conflicts with fisheries and genetic history in Colombia Fernando Trujillo, Juan R. Gómez, Susana Caballero y Andrea Caro CONSERVACIÓN DE GRANDES VERTEBRADOS EN ÁREAS NO PROTEGIDAS DE COLOMBIA, VENEZUELA Y BRASIL ° 5 CAPÍTULO 10 191 Grandes vertebrados terrestres en tierras ancestrales indígenas del alto Caura: importancia de los acuerdos comunitarios para la conservación del Escudo Guayanés venezolano / Large terrestrial vertebrates of the indigenous ancestral lands from Upper Caura: the importance of community-based agreements for the Venezuelan Guiana Shield conservation Lucy Perera-Romero, John Polisar y Leonardo Maffei CAPÍTULO 11 209 Consideraciones particulares de los felinos en algunas zonas amortiguadoras de áreas protegidas del Caribe colombiano / Considerations about felines in supporting zones of protected areas in the Colombian Caribbean Carlos Castaño-Uribe, Cristal Ange-Jaramillo, Natalia Ramírez Guerra y Juan F. Romero CAPÍTULO 12 225 Densidad de jaguares (Panthera onca) y abundancia de grandes mamíferos terrestres en un área no protegida del Amazonas colombiano / Density of jaguars
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  • Colombia Medical Summary

    Colombia Medical Summary

    Colombia Medical Summary The health risk information presented here is summarized from Shoreland Travax®, a decision-support tool used by health care providers to perform a detailed health risk analysis based on specific locations, individual travel styles, and traveler risk behaviors. Travax provides practitioners current, independently researched malaria risk and prevention recommendations in a map-based format that goes beyond the annual WHO and US CDC statements included here. Not included here are current reports from Travax of disease outbreaks or environmental events that may pose elevated risks to travelers’ health and safety. The Providers section of this site offers a directory of health care providers who utilize Shoreland Travax for travel health counseling. Learn more about the detailed reports and maps available from these practitioners (includes links to samples). General Information Colombia is a developing nation classified as upper middle income. Located in northwestern South America along the Pacific Ocean and Caribbean Sea (north of Peru and south of Venezuela), the climate is extremely diverse with classifications that range from humid equatorial (no dry season) to dry (semi arid), with cooler temperatures in some high-altitude areas. Vaccinations Yellow Fever An official yellow fever vaccination certificate may be required depending on your itinerary. Vaccination is usually recommended if you’ll be traveling in areas where there is risk of yellow fever transmission. Requirement: A vaccination certificate is required for travelers aged ≥ 1 year coming from Angola, Brazil, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Uganda. This also applies to airport transit stops (no exit through immigration checkpoint) longer than 12 hours in these countries.