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Sometimes called the May Flower or the Christmas Orchid, Spec Ad-NIE World Of Wonder 2019 Supporting Ed Top Colombia’s national flower Exploring the realms of history, science, nature and technology is rare and grows high in the cloud forests.

The national flag has three horizontal bands of yellow, blue and red. EveryCOLOMBIA color has a different meaning: This South American country is famous for its proud Red symbolizes the blood spilled in people, coffee, emeralds, flowers and, unfortunately, the war for independence. Yellow represents the land’s gold its illegal drug traffic. Colombia is also notable as a and abundant natural riches. Blue signifies the land’s highly diverse country — it is estimated that 1 in every 10 seas, its liberty and sovereignty. Cattleya species of flora and fauna on earth can be found here. trianae orchid

In a word Riohacha Just the facts The official name of Colombia Area 440,831 sq. mi. Santa Marta is the Republic of (1,141,748 sq. km) Colombia. It was named for Caribbean Barranquilla Population 50,372,424 the explorer Christopher Co- Sea Valledupar lumbus. The country’s name is Capital city Bogotá Panama pronounced koh-LOHM-bee-ah. Highest elevation City Early Spanish colonists called Montería Pico Cristóbal Colón PANAMA Colombia is the the land New Granada. VENEZUELA 18,947 ft. (5,775 m) Cauca Cúcuta only country in Atrato River South America that Lowest elevation Sea level Looking back River Arauca has coastlines on Agriculture Coffee, cut Medellín both the Pacific Before the Spanish arrived in Puerto Carreño flowers, bananas, rice, tobacco, Pacific Quibdó Ocean and the 1499, the region was inhabited Tunja Caribbean Sea. corn, sugarcane, cocoa beans Ocean Meta River by the indigenous tribes Muis- Fishing Shrimp, billfish, Bogotá One-third of the ca, Quimbaya and Tairona. Manizales country is Amazon dorado, tuna, peacock bass rainforest. In 1819, Colombia, Venezuela, Magdalena River Guaviare River Industries Textiles, chemicals, Ecuador and Panama declared Cali natural gas, oil, cement, independence from Spain. San The Andean Neiva construction, iron and steel San José Felipe condor is the national bird. It is products, metalworking Dinnertime del Guaviare one of the world’s Mining Emeralds, gold, coal, The national dish of Colombia Florencia Mitú largest birds and copper, salt, limestone, is bandeja paisa. Servings of Pasto can live more than 70 years. gypsum, clay, mica, marble this specialty are so generous Caquetá River that it is often served on a large Quito BRAZIL This bird was often depicted Did you know? platter or tray. It is traditionally in indigenous Bogotá is the third-highest made up of minced meat, red EQUADOR Andean art. capital in the world at 8,660 feet beans with pork, white rice, PERU fried pork, fried egg, plantain, (2,640 m) above sea level. In chorizo, arepa, black pudding 200 km Amazon River second place is Quito in Ec- and a slice of avocado. 200 miles uador, and in the first place is Leticia La Paz in Bolivia. These cit- Bandeja ies have altitudes so high that paisa some visitors need to use oxy- gen tanks while they adjust. Colombia has more than 300 Magneuptychia beaches. Its hotels and resorts pax butterfly have the potential to contribute a lot to the nation's economy. Radio and public television in The sombrero vueltiao is a woven Colombia play the national hat made by the Zenú indigenous people anthem every day at 6 a.m. and from a type of cane, known as caña flecha. 6 p.m. The process of weaving this hat is very labor- intensive and can take up to a month. The second-most biologically Shakira Isabel Mebarak Ripoll is one of Colombia’s diverse country in the world, most famous singer-songwriters. Sometimes called Colombia ranks No. 1 in diver- the Queen of Latin Music, this great talent made her sity of bird species. It also has recording debut at the age of 13. the most species of butterflies Colombia is the and orchids. third-largest exporter The traditional national sport of Colombia is the fourth- of coffee in the Colombia is called tejo, a team largest exporter of world after Brazil bananas in Latin America. and Vietnam. sport that involves launching objects at a target. At 4,265 feet (13,000 m), Co- lombia’s Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta is the world’s high- est coastal mountain range. Colombia exports Coffee almost 60% of the plant SOURCES: World Book Encyclopedia, World Book world’s emeralds. Inc.; https://www.colombia.co; https://www.travel- docs.com; https://worldstrides.com

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