Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY With the TMX - Anchor Loop Project (the “Project”) Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. (“Terasen Pipelines”) proposes to loop a portion of its existing National Energy Board (“NEB”) regulated oil pipeline system (the “Trans Mountain pipeline” or “Trans Mountain”) to increase the capacity of the Trans Mountain pipeline to meet growing shipper demand. The Project involves the construction of 158 km of 812 mm or 914 mm (32-inch or 36-inch) diameter pipe between a location west of Hinton, Alberta at Kilometre Post/Kilometre Loop (“KP/KL") 310.1 and a location near Rearguard, British Columbia (BC) (KP/KL 468.0). The Project also includes the installation of two new pump stations at locations along the Trans Mountain pipeline, one in Alberta at Wolf (KP 188.0) and one in BC, at Chappel (KP 555.5), and the installation of associated aboveground facilities including block valves at several locations and a receiving trap for pipeline cleaning and inspection tools at a location near Rearguard, BC (KP/KL 468.0). Construction of the Project will require temporary construction camps and other temporary work yards. The Project will traverse federal, provincial and private lands, including Jasper National Park (JNP) in Alberta and Mount Robson Provincial Park (MRPP) in BC.

Two pipeline route options are being assessed by Terasen Pipelines for the TMX - Anchor Loop, namely the Proposed Route and the Existing Route. Both route options are evaluated within this report. Plant surveys to identify vascular and nonvascular plants as well as communities of concern within the Project Footprint were undertaken in the spring and summer of 2005. In addition, non-native and invasive species were documented and the Ecological Land Classification was verified during the field surveys.

Twenty-two species of rare vascular plants (with a provincial rank between S1 and S3) were identified along the Proposed Route and twenty-four species along the Existing Route. On the Proposed Route a total of 101 rare vascular plant populations were found, of which 8 species are ranked as S1, 12 species are ranked S2, and 2 species are ranked S3. Along the Existing Route, a total of 103 rare vascular plant populations were found, of which 7 species are ranked as S1, 15 species are ranked S2, and 2 species are ranked S3. In addition, one population of Canada anemone (considered a Valued Ecosystem Components (VEC) in the Scope and Requirements of the Environmental Assessment for the Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. TMX - Anchor Loop Project (TOR) (CEA Agency et al. 2005) was found along the Existing Route, while no VEC populations were identified along the Proposed Route. Canada anemone was the only plant species considered a VEC observed during the 2005 field investigations.

Sixty-two species of rare nonvascular plants were recorded along the Proposed Route and sixty-one species along the Existing Route. A total of 112 rare nonvascular plant populations were recorded on the Proposed Route, of which 16 species are ranked S1, 27 species are ranked S2, 18 species are ranked S3 and 2 species are considered rare in BC. Along the Existing Route, a total of 111 rare nonvascular plant populations were observed, of which 17 species are ranked S1, 26 species are S2, 17 species are S3 and 2 species are considered rare in BC. No nonvascular plant VECs, Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) or Species At Risk Act listed species were observed on either route.

Ten plant community types of concern were found along the Proposed Route, including rare, unique and VEC communities. One S1 ranked community, five S2 communities and four S3 communities were noted along the Proposed Route, while five S2 plant communities and no S1 or S3 communities were found along the Existing Route during the vegetation surveys. Four unique plant communities (three in JNP and one in MRPP) were found along the Proposed Route, whereas only two unique plant communities were found along the Existing Route; one of which was noted in JNP and the other in MRPP. Five plant communities identified as VECs in the Scope and Requirements of the Environmental Assessment for the Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. TMX - Anchor Loop Project (TOR) (Canadian Environmental Assessment (CEA) Agency et al. 2005) were found along the Proposed Route while four plant communities identified as VECs were found along the Existing Route.

Estimates of salvageable timber volumes that would be cleared within the Footprint of the Proposed and Existing routes were calculated, and are not substantially different between the two route options. Although the Proposed Route would entail slightly more clearing of salvageable timber than the Existing Route in terms of volume, the area of salvageable timber that would be cleared is the same for both routes.

Additional site-specific information to be collected in 2006 is also identified in the report.

Page i Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The TERA/Westland staff and subconsultants responsible for the TMX - Anchor Loop Project Vegetation Program gratefully acknowledge the assistance and cooperation of Parks Canada, BC Parks, BC Conservation Data Centre, BC Ministry of Forests and Range, Alberta Sustainable Resource Development and Alberta Natural Heritage Information Centre. Specifically we want to thank the following field and administrative staff: x In Jasper National Park, Thea Mitchell, Anne Forshner, Alan Westhaver, Jennifer McPhee and Jurgen Deagle; x In BC Parks, Rick Rockwell, Donna Thornton, Gail Ross, Lyle Gawalko and Wayne Van Velzen; x Jenifer Penny, Carmen Cadrin and Katrina Stipec of the BC Conservation Data Centre; x Edward Fong of the BC Ministry of Forests and Range; x In Alberta Sustainable Resource Development, Jeff Kneteman and Robin Gutsel; x Joyce Gould, Lorna Allen, John Rintoul and Drajs Vujnovic of the Alberta Natural Heritage Information Center.

Numerous rare plant specialists conducted the field component of the Vegetation Program: Patrick Williston, Paula Bartemucci, Karen Golinski, Joanne Marchand, Michelle Lanois, Graham Griffiths, Roberta Yakimchuk, Beth Cornish, Kim Ottenbreit, Marge Meijer, Adrian de Groot, Kristi Iverson, Terry McIntosh, Ken Simonar, Saphida Migabo and Cal Clark. Field assistance was provided by Zane Pillipow, Brant Rowling, Valerie Kerr, Martin Edwards and Crystal Waters. The help and support of Simpcw First Nation field assistants Jeff Eustache and Darrell Eustache is also acknowledged. The Simpcw field personnel enthusiastically participated in the rare vascular plant and plant community surveys. We thank all of the field staff for their hard work and interest in this Project.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... I 1.0 INTRODUCTION...... 1 1.1 Route Options ...... 1 1.1.1 Proposed Route ...... 1 1.1.2 Existing Route...... 3 1.2 Regulatory Standards ...... 3 1.3 Goals of the Report...... 7 2.0 METHODOLOGY...... 8 2.1 Study Area Boundaries ...... 8 2.2 Literature Review and Consultation...... 8 2.3 Data Collection...... 8 2.3.1 Baseline Data Collection...... 8 2.3.2 Field Data Collection...... 10 2.4 Data Interpretation ...... 14 3.0 SETTING...... 16 3.1 Overall Project...... 16 3.2 Alberta / Jasper National Park (KP 310 to KP 406)...... 18 3.3 Mount Robson Provincial Park / British Columbia (KP 406 to KP 468)...... 19 4.0 RESULTS...... 21 4.1 Proposed Route ...... 21 4.1.1 Overall Project...... 21 4.1.2 Alberta / Jasper National Park (KP 310 to KP 406)...... 31 4.1.3 Mount Robson Provincial Park / British Columbia (KP 406 to KP 468)...... 36 4.2 Existing Route...... 37 4.2.1 Overall Project...... 37 4.2.2 Alberta / Jasper National Park (KP 310 to KP 406)...... 45 4.2.3 Mount Robson Provincial Park / British Columbia (KP 406 to KP 468)...... 49 4.3 Permanent Facilities...... 51 4.3.1 Wolf Pump Station (KP 188)...... 51 4.3.2 Chappel Pump Station (KP 555.5)...... 51 4.3.3 Scraper Traps (KP 468) ...... 51 4.4 Temporary Facilities for Construction ...... 51 4.4.1 Campsites ...... 51 4.4.2 Staging Areas and Stockpile Sites...... 51 4.4.3 Access Roads ...... 52 5.0 ROUTE COMPARISON AND EVALUATION ...... 53 6.0 SUPPLEMENTARY STUDIES...... 56 7.0 CONCLUSIONS...... 57 8.0 REFERENCES...... 58 8.1 Personal Communications ...... 58 8.2 Literature Cited...... 58 8.3 Figure References...... 62

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LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A Potential Plant Species of Concern ...... A1 Appendix B Potential Plant Communities of Concern ...... B1 Appendix C Observed Vascular Plant Species of Concern...... C1 Appendix D Observed Nonvascular Plant Species of Concern...... D1 Appendix E Observed Plant Communities of Concern ...... E1 Appendix F Non-Native Invasive Plants...... F1 Appendix G Vegetation Resource Maps...... G1 Appendix H Photoplates ...... H1

LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 TMX - Anchor Loop Project...... 2 Figure 2 Ecosystems within the Project Local Study Area...... 17

LIST OF TABLES Table 1 Valued Ecosystem Components Identified in Terms of Reference ...... 4 Table 2 Provincial Status Designation Definitions ...... 6 Table 3 Rare Vascular Plant Observations Along the Proposed Route ...... 22 Table 4 Rare Nonvascular Plant Observations Along the Proposed Route ...... 24 Table 5 Plant Communities of Concern Observed Along the Proposed Route...... 29 Table 6 Invasive Species of Concern ...... 30 Table 7 Salvageable Timber Estimates for the Proposed Route...... 30 Table 8 Elc Community Types on the Proposed Route...... 31 Table 9 Rare Vascular Plant Observations Along the Existing Route ...... 38 Table 10 Rare Nonvascular Plant Observations Along the Existing Route ...... 40 Table 11 Plant Communities of Concern Observed Along the Existing Route...... 43 Table 12 Salvageable Timber Estimates for the Existing Route...... 44 Table 13 ELC Community Types on the Existing Route...... 45 Table 14 Comparison of Proposed Route and Existing Route ...... 54

LIST OF PLATES IN APPENDIX H Plate H1 Rare June grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax community (S2S3) was observed in three locations along the Proposed and Existing routes (June 2005)...... H2 Plate H2 Rare June grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax community (S2S3) was only observed along the Alberta/JNP segment of the Proposed and Existing routes (June 2005)...... H2 Plate H3 Unique grassland community similar to the S2S3-ranked June grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax community is distinguished from the rare community by the high level of non-native species and limited wild blue flax (August 2005)...... H2 Plate H4 Unique Richardson needle grass – kinnikinnick grassland community was observed in one location along the Proposed Route (June 2005)...... H2 Plate H5 Douglas-fir savannah communities are identified as VECs in the TOR, and were observed along the Proposed and Existing routes in JNP and MRPP (August 2005)...... H3 Plate H6 Douglas-fir savannah community (VEC) in MRPP (August 2005)...... H3 Plate H7 A unique kinnikinnick blanket slope community was observed in one location along the Proposed Route in MRPP (June 2005)...... H3 Plate H8 Rare white spruce – fern moss communities (S2S3) were observed in two locations along the Proposed Route in Alberta/JNP (July 2005)...... H3

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Plate H9 Rare white spruce – fern moss community (S2S3) was observed in one location along the Existing Route (July 2005)...... H4 Plate H10 Unique aspen – pine – thimbleberry – veiny meanowrue community observed in JNP (June 2005)...... H4 Plate H11 Silverberry riparian shrubland community (SU) was observed in several locations in Alberta/JNP, including along the shore of the Athabasca River (June 2005)...... H4 Plate H12 Sitka columbine (S2) was one of the more frequently observed rare vascular plants recorded during the 2005 field surveys (June 2005)...... H4 Plate H13 Relatively large populations of Sitka columbine (S2) were observed in Alberta/JNP during the 2005 field surveys (June 2005)...... H5 Plate H14 A rare subspecies of lance-leaved grape fern (Botrychium lanceolatum ssp. angustisegmentum) (S2 in Alberta) was observed in JNP (2005)...... H5 Plate H15 Lance-leaved grape fern (Botrychium lanceolatum ssp. angustisegmentum) is ranked S2 in Alberta (June 2005)...... H5 Plate H16 Mingan grape fern (Botrychium minganense) is considered rare (S2S3) in Alberta (June 2005)...... H5 Plate H17 Northwestern grape fern is considered rare (S1) in Alberta, but is ranked S3/S4 and Yellow-listed in BC (August 2005)...... H6 Plate H18 Spathulate grape fern (S2) was observed in several locations along the Proposed and Existing routes in Alberta/JNP (July 2005)...... H6 Plate H19 Crawe’s sedge (S2) was observed in calcareous wetlands in JNP and along the Snaring Road (July 2005)...... H6 Plate H20 Green saxifrage (S3) was observed at three locations in JNP (June 2005)...... H6 Plate H21 Wild comfrey (S1) was observed along the Proposed Route in Alberta (July 2005)...... H7 Plate H22 Mamillate spikerush is unranked in Alberta, however ANHIC has suggested a new rank of S1 (July 2005)...... H7 Plate H23 Northern oak fern (S1) was observed in one location along the Proposed Route in JNP (August 2005)...... H7 Plate H24 Mountain mare’s-tail (S1) was observed in the shoreline of a fen along the Proposed Route in JNP (July 2005)...... H7 Plate H25 Broad-lipped twayblade (S2) was observed in one location along the Proposed and Existing routes in JNP (July 2005)...... H8 Plate H26 Nootka lupine (S3) was observed in several locations along the Proposed and Existing routes in JNP (June 2005)...... H8 Plate H27 Small northern grass-of-parnassus (S2) was observed in numerous locations along the Proposed and Existing routes in Alberta/JNP (July 2005)...... H8 Plate H28 Western ribgrass (S2) was observed in numerous locations along the Proposed and Existing routes in JNP (August 2005)...... H8 Plate H29 Hooker’s cinquefoil (S2) was observed in several locations along the Proposed and Existing routes in JNP (July 2005)...... H9 Plate H30 Winter bud of wooly willow (S1) observed in JNP (July 2005)...... H9 Plate H31 Catkin of wooly willow (S1) observed in JNP (July 2005)...... H9 Plate H32 Dwarf bulrush (S2) was found in calcareous wetlands in Alberta/JNP (July 2005)...... H9 Plate H33 Skinny moonwort was observed along the Proposed Route in MRPP (August 2005)...... H10 Plate H34 One population of lance-leaved grape fern (Botrychium lanceolatum ssp. angustisegmentum) (S1/Red) was observed in one location along the Proposed Route in MRPP (June 2005)...... H10 Plate H35 A rare lodgepole pine – velvet-leaved blueberry cladonia (SBSdh/02) community (S2/Red) was observed along the Existing Route in MRPP (August 2005)...... H10 Plate H36 A unique calcareous fen community similar to the S2/Red-listed SBSdh/Wf10 wetland type was observed along the Existing Route in MRPP (June 2005)...... H10

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Plate H37 Ascending grape fern (S1) was observed in one location along the Existing Route in JNP (July 2005)...... H11 Plate H38 Parry’s sedge (S1S2) was observed along the Existing Route in JNP (June 2005)...... H11 Plate H39 Thread rush (S2S3) was observed along the Existing Route in JNP (August 2005)...... H11 Plate H40 A large population of Canada anemone (S2S3/Blue) was observed along the Existing Route in MRPP (June 2005)...... H11 Plate H41 Canada anemone is considered a VEC for the TMX-Anchor Loop Project (June 2005)...... H12 Plate H42 Slenderleaf sundew (S1/Red) was observed in a calcareous fen along the Existing Route in MRPP (June 2005)...... H12 Plate H43 View north from southwest corner of Wolf Pump Station site (August 2005)...... H12 Plate H44 View west of mixedwood community along south boundary of Wolf Pump Station (August 2005)...... H12 Plate H45 View north towards the Chappel Pump Station site from the southern end of the access road (August 2005)...... H13 Plate H46 View south from north edge of Chappel Pump Station site (August 2005)...... H13

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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

AAFRD Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development AB Alberta ANPC Alberta Native Plant Council ANHIC Alberta Natural Heritage Information Centre ASRD Alberta Sustainable Resource Development Av. Tr.Ht Average Tree Height BC British Columbia BC MOE British Columbia Ministry of Environment BC MWLAP British Columbia Ministry of Water, Land and Air Protection BGC Biogeoclimatic CDC Conservation Data Centre CEAA Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency CN Railway Canadian National Railway CNA Railway Canadian Northern Alberta Railway – an abandoned railway grade in Jasper National Park and Mount Robson Provincial Park COSEWIC Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada EA Environmental Assessment ELC Ecological Land Classification ESCC Endangered Species Conservation Committee ESSF Engelmann Spruce Subalpine Fir FD Forest District GIS Geographic Information System GPS Global Positioning system ha Hectare ICH Interior Cedar Hemlock JNP Jasper National Park KL Kilometre Loop on Proposed Route of the TMX - Anchor Loop KP Kilometre Post on Existing Trans Mountain Pipeline Route KP/KL Indicates that the Existing Trans Mountain Pipeline Route and the Proposed Route of the TMX - Anchor Loop abut one another LSA Local Study Area MAFF Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food MELP BC Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks MRPP Mount Robson Provincial Park MSRM British Columbia Ministry of Sustainable Resource Management NEB National Energy Board NWIPC Northwest Invasive Plant Council RIC Resource Inventory Committee RISC British Columbia Resource Inventory Standards Committee RSA Regional Study Area SARA Species at Risk Act SBS Sub-Boreal Spruce SRSA Supra-regional Study Area SU Unranked Species TERA/Westland A combined project team of staff and subcontractors of TERA Environmental Consultants Ltd., Calgary, Alberta and Westland Resource Group Inc. of Victoria, British Columbia TOR Scope and Requirements of the Environmental Assessment for the Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. TMX - Anchor Loop Project TMX Trans Mountain Expansion UTM Universal Transverse Mercator VEC Valued Ecosystem Component

Page vii Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005

1.0 INTRODUCTION With the TMX - Anchor Loop Project (the “Project”) Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. (“Terasen Pipelines”) proposes to loop a portion of its existing National Energy Board (“NEB”) regulated oil pipeline system (the “Trans Mountain pipeline” or “Trans Mountain”) to increase the capacity of the Trans Mountain pipeline to meet growing shipper demand. The Project involves the construction of 158 km of 812 mm or 914 mm (32-inch or 36-inch) diameter pipe between a location west of Hinton, Alberta at Kilometre Post/Kilometre Loop (“KP/KL") 310.1 and a location near Rearguard, British Columbia (BC) (KP/KL 468.0). The Project also includes the installation of two new pump stations at locations along the Trans Mountain pipeline, one in Alberta at Wolf (KP 188.0) and one in BC, at Chappel (KP 555.5), and the installation of associated aboveground facilities including block valves at several locations and a receiving trap for pipeline cleaning and inspection tools at a location near Rearguard, BC (KP/KL 468.0). Construction of the Project will require temporary construction camps and other temporary work yards. The Project will traverse federal, provincial and private lands, including Jasper National Park (JNP) in Alberta and Mount Robson Provincial Park (MRPP) in BC.

The Project loops only a small portion of the Trans Mountain pipeline’s 1,146 km length (Figure 1). A pipeline “loop” is a common and widely-used term describing an additional segment of pipeline parallel to and interconnected with an existing pipeline system. The construction of a loop is a method of adding capacity and operational flexibility to an existing pipeline system. The Trans Mountain pipeline system was constructed in 1952-1953. Two loops were added to the system in 1957, bringing the configuration of the pipeline system (other than pump stations) to its present state.

Construction of the Project is scheduled to commence in mid-2007 and extend until the third quarter of 2008.

1.1 Route Options Two pipeline route options were assessed in detail for the TMX - Anchor Loop Project, namely the Proposed Route and the Existing Route (i.e., the Trans Mountain pipeline). Both route options are evaluated within this report.

Known reference points along the existing pipeline system are commonly referred to as a Kilometre Post or "KP". KP 0.0 is located at the Edmonton Terminal where the existing Trans Mountain system originates. KPs are approximately 1 km apart and are primarily used to describe features along the pipeline for operations and maintenance purposes. To delineate features along the Proposed Route, the symbol "KL" or Kilometre Loop has been applied throughout this report. In locations where the Existing Route and the Proposed Route parallel one another, the symbol "KP/KL" has been used to clearly indicate to the reader that the two route alignments abut one another. Where the Proposed Route diverges away from the Existing Route, the KL symbol is used on its own.

1.1.1 Proposed Route The Proposed Route originates in Alberta, approximately 8 km west of the Town of Hinton at KP/KL 310.1 and follows the Existing Route through forested provincial Crown land in Alberta (KP/KL 310.1 to KL 325.7). At KP/KL 324.3, the route diverges from the Existing Route and parallels Yellowhead Highway (Highway 16) into JNP.

Page 1 264600 314600 364600 414600 464600 514600 564600 614600

R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 R27 R26 R25 R24 R23 R22 R21 R20 R19 R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6

T58 BRITISH ALBERTA COLUMBIA Fort McMurray T57

Dawson Creek 5973900 5973900 Grande Prairie T56

MAP EXTENT SIXTH MERIDIAN FIFTH MERIDIAN Prince George T55 Edmonton Willmore Hinton St ony Plain Valemount Jasper Wilderness Williams Lake Red Deer Area Obed Lake Niton Chip T54 Provincial Park KP 173.4 KP 147.1 Banf f Calgary Kamloops T53 Whistler Merritt Wolf Vancouver Surrey Kelowna Edson Nanaimo CANADA KP 188 T52 Abbotsford KP 228.7 Victoria USA Rock Lake - Solomon Creek T51 5923900 Wildland Park 5923900

Hinton T50 KP 317.7 T49 Jasper KP 310.1 National Park KP 468.0 T48 Mount Robson Provincial 93H 83E T47 Park 93A 83D Wildhorse Cariboo Rearguard T46 5873900 Mountains KP 476.8 Wildland 5873900 Provincial Jasper Park Park KP 369.5 T45

Mount Robson T44 Provincial Jasper Park National Park T43 Albreda ALBERTA KP 519.1 T42

T41

5823900 Wells Gray 5823900 Provincial Park Chappel KP 555.5 TMX - ANCHOR LOOP PROJECT

White Goat LEGEND Wilderness Area Proposed TMX - Anchor Loop Hydrology Existing Trans Mountain Park and Protected Areas Pipeline (TMPL) New Pump Station Provincial Boundary 5773900 5773900 93A 83D Banff Existing Pump Station 83D 83C 92P 82M National Park Projection: Zone 11 - Datum: NAD83

82M 82N Hillshade: Ministry of Natural Resources Canada 2005. Finn Hydrology/Provincial Boundary: Ensight Information Services Ltd. 2005; Siffleur Government of Canada 2003, Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, The Atlas of Canada. KP 612.5 Wilderness Park and Protected Areas: Government of Alberta 2004; BC Parks Victoria 2004. BRITISH Area Although there is no reason to believe that there are any errors associated with the data used to generate this product or in the product itself, users of these data are advised that errors in the data may be present. COLUMBIA SCALE: 1:1,500,000 km 0255012.5 (All Locations Approximate) Blackpool McMurphy KP 709.9 3739 November 2005 FIGURE 1 5723900 KP 645 5723900

264600 314600 364600 414600 464600 514600 564600 614600

00_3739_TechRep_Fig_1.mxd Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005

The JNP portion of the Proposed Route (KL 325.7 to KP/KL 405.9) traverses federal Crown land. The Proposed Route and the Existing Route are generally coincident within JNP, with the exception of the following segments: x KL 325.6 to KL 336.3 where the route parallels Highway 16; x KL 336.3 to KL 337.5 where the route crosses the Athabasca River at a new location; x KL 349.6 to KL 349.9 where the route traverses Windy Point; x KL 377.8 to KL 379.0 where the route follows an existing power line, Highway 16 and a borrow pit; x KL 380.2 to KL 382.9 where the route parallels an existing access road (Wynd Road); x KL 388.1 to KL 391.0 where the route follows Highway 16; and x KL 396.3 to KL 405.9 where the route follows the abandoned Canadian Northern Alberta (CNA) Railway grade before entering MRPP in BC.

Within MRPP (KP/KL 405.9 to KP/KL 466.3), the Proposed Route traverses provincial Crown land and diverges from the Existing Route for four segments: x KL 407.4 to KL 409.7 where the route follows the abandoned CNA Railway grade; x KL 416.0 to KL 435.3 where the route parallels the Canadian National (CN) Railway and the abandoned CNA Railway grade; x KL 448.9 to KL 455.3 where the route follows the abandoned CNA Railway grade; and x KL 457.6 to KL 461.6 where the route parallels the CN Railway on the south side of the Fraser River.

The final portion of the Proposed Route lies within BC (KP/KL 466.3 to KP/KL 468.0), and traverses both provincial Crown land and private lands near the west boundary of MRPP.

1.1.2 Existing Route The Existing Route parallels the existing Trans Mountain system for its entire length. The Existing Route originates in Alberta, approximately 8 km west of the Town of Hinton at KP 310.1, and follows the Trans Mountain system through Alberta (KP 310.1 to KP 325.7), JNP (KP 325.7 to KP/KL 405.9), MRPP (KP/KL 405.9 to KP 466.3) and BC (KP 466.3 to KP 468.0).

1.2 Regulatory Standards

Terms of Reference The Scope and Requirements of the Environmental Assessment for the Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. TMX - Anchor Loop Project (TOR) (Canadian Environmental Assessment (CEA) Agency et al. 2005) and other Responsible Authorities for the Project identified Valued Ecosystem Components (VECs) that should be emphasized in the assessment of vegetation resources (CEA Agency et al. 2005). The TOR defines VECs as components of the natural and human world that are considered valuable by participants in a review process. Vegetative VECs outlined in the TOR are listed in Table 1.

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TABLE 1

VALUED ECOSYSTEM COMPONENTS IDENTIFIED IN TERMS OF REFERENCE

Common Name Scientific Name Status Designation1 Notes / Considerations Vascular Plant Species boreal moonwort Botrychium boreale GNR There are taxonomic issues with Botrychia in general, since SU (Alberta) they are difficult to differentiate by appearance and often S1/Red (BC) require genetic (e.g., isozyme) analysis to distinguish between species. Current evidence suggests that B. boreale is a species endemic to northern Europe and there is no conclusive evidence that it occurs in North America. Identifications of B. boreale in BC are suspect, and are believed to be wrong identifications of B. pinnatum, which is not considered rare in BC (S3S4/Yellow) (Williston pers. comm.). Field studies conducted in August 1999 for BC Parks identified B. boreale in two locations within MRPP, however, these records are not confirmed (Simonar and Bernier 2000, Penny pers. comm.). Canada anemone Anemone canadensis G5 Although Canada anemone is not considered a rare species in S5 (Alberta) Alberta, it was considered a VEC for the entire project S2S3/Blue (BC) (including segments within Alberta provincial Crown land and JNP) and was searched for during the 2005 field surveys. purple-leaved Epilobium ciliatum G5 Although purple-leaved willowherb is not considered a rare willowherb ssp. watsonii SNR (Alberta) species in Alberta, it was considered a VEC for the entire S2S3/Blue (BC) project (including segments within Alberta provincial Crown land and JNP) and was searched for during the 2005 field surveys. meadow willow Salix petiolaris G5 Although meadow willow is not considered a rare species in S5 (Alberta) Alberta, it was considered a VEC for the entire project S2S3/Blue (BC) (including segments within Alberta provincial Crown land and JNP) and was searched for during the 2005 field surveys. Nonvascular Plant Species Haller’s apple moss Bartramia halleriana G4G5 Haller’s apple moss is the only federally listed species of S1 (Alberta) concern identified by the TOR (CEA Agency et al. 2005) for S1/Red (BC) consideration as a VEC in the Project assessment. Threatened (COSEWIC; SARA Schedule 1) Plant Communities Montane habitat of -- -- The plant communities identified as VECs by the TOR (CEA Athabasca River Agency et al. 2005) are very general, and do not have global, valley provincial or federal status designations. However, they are Douglas-fir Pseudotsuga -- considered to be sensitive communities due to their relatively savannah menziesii - grassland low occurrence in the Local and Regional Study Areas2 of the complex Project. mature western mature Thuja plicata - -- redcedar / western Tsuga heterophylla hemlock stands mature Douglas-fir mature Pseudotsuga -- stands menziesii Notes: 1 Refer to Table 2 for definitions of Status Designations. 2 Study areas are defined in Section 2.1 of this report.

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National Energy Board Filing Manual The assessment of vegetation resources was designed to meet the requirements of an application under Section 52 of the NEB Act, as outlined in the NEB Filing Manual (2004). The requirements outlined in the Filing Manual mandate the inclusion of a description of vegetation species and communities of ecological, economic or human importance, their diversity, abundance, distribution and current level of disturbance. Additional requirements include an assessment of salvageable timber as well as invasive and introduced species. Filing Manual requirements relating to reclamation and remediation are not included in this report, but are addressed in the Restoration Plans, Environmental Assessment report and NEB Section 52 application.

Species at Risk Act and Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada The Species at Risk Act (SARA) is particularly relevant to the Project since it traverses federal lands along the segment of the route within JNP. Federal status designations are assigned to species by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC). In the event that a species listed under Schedule 1 of SARA, or the critical habitat or residence of a listed species will be affected by the Project, a permit or agreement under Section 73(1) of SARA is required. For a permit or agreement to be issued under Section 73(1), it would be necessary to demonstrate that the Project benefits the species or is required to enhance its chance of survival in the wild, or the effects on the species is incidental to the carrying out of the Project activities. It must also be demonstrated that all reasonable alternatives to the activity that would reduce the impact on the species have been considered and the best solution has been adopted, that all feasible measures will be taken to minimize the impact of the activity on the species or its critical habitat or residences and that the activity will not jeopardize the survival or recovery of the species.

BC Conservation Data Centre and Alberta Natural Heritage Information Centre Plant species and communities of concern are listed provincially by the BC Conservation Data Centre (BC CDC) and the Alberta Natural Heritage Information Centre (ANHIC). Provincial conservation status (S) ranks are assigned in both provinces based on internationally accepted criteria developed by the Nature Conservancy (i.e., provincial abundance, estimated occurrences, range, trends, protected occurrences and threats) (BC Ministry of Sustainable Resource Management [MSRM] and Ministry of Water, Land and Air Protection [MWLAP] 2005). A colour designation is also assigned to species and communities in BC. Definitions of ranks and colour designations are defined in Table 2. Provincial S ranks are based solely on the species' or communities’ status within the province, and range from 1 (5 or fewer occurrences) to 5 (demonstrably secure under present conditions) (NatureServe 2005). The BC CDC and ANHIC also identify global designations of species in their databases. Global (G) ranks are based on a species’ status world-wide and follow a system parallel to that for Provincial Ranks, ranging from 1 (5 or fewer occurrences) to 5 (demonstrably secure under present conditions).

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TABLE 2

PROVINCIAL STATUS DESIGNATION DEFINITIONS

Designation Definition Alberta and British Columbia Designations S1 Critically Imperilled: because of extreme rarity or because of some factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extirpation. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000). S2 Imperilled: because of rarity or because of some factor(s) making it very vulnerable to extirpation. Typically 6-20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000-3,000). S3 Vulnerable: because rare and uncommon, or found in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or because of other factors making it vulnerable to extirpation. Typically 21-100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. S4 Apparently Secure: uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread in the province. Possible cause of long-term concern. Usually more than 100 occurrences and more than 10,000 individuals. S5 Secure: common, widespread, and abundant in the province. Essentially ineradicable under present conditions. Typically with considerably more than 100 occurrences and more than 10,000 individuals. S#S# Range Rank: a numeric range rank (e.g., S2S3) is used to indicate the range of uncertainty about the exact status of the element. SU Unrankable: currently unrankable due to lack of information or due to substantially conflicting information about status or trends. SNR Species not ranked. British Columbia Designations Red List Includes species and ecological communities that have been legally designated as endangered or threatened under the BC Wildlife Act; are extirpated; or are candidates for such designation. Blue List Includes species and ecological communities that are not immediately threatened but are considered to be of special concern because of characteristics that make them particularly sensitive to human activities or natural events. Yellow List Includes ecological communities and indigenous species that are not at risk in BC. Sources: NatureServe 2005, BC MSRM and MWLAP 2005

Other Legislation There are currently several plant species that have been formally designated as being at risk in Alberta, and are awaiting amendments to the Wildlife Regulation (AR 143/97) of Alberta's Wildlife Act to become listed species with basic protective measures. These species are: Iris missouriensis (western blue flag is designated as Threatened), Tradescantia occidentalis (western spiderwort is designated as Endangered), Yucca glauca (soapweed is designated as Endangered), Trypterocalyx micranthus (small-flowered sand- verbena is designated as Threatened) and Cryptantha minima (tiny cryptanthe is designated as Endangered) (Alberta’s Endangered Species Conservation Committee 2004, Gutsel pers. comm.). Within Alberta, the distribution of these species is limited to the drier regions of the southern portions of the province. The ranges of these species do not extend into the wetter mountainous region of the Project RSA (refer to Section 2.0 for study boundary definitions).

Under the Forest Practices Code of British Columbia Act, Identified Wildlife are those species and plant communities that have been approved by the Chief Forester and Deputy Minister of Environment, Lands and Parks (currently Ministry of Environment) or designate as requiring special management (BC Ministry of Forests and BC Ministry of Environment 1999). There are no individual plant species listed as Identified Wildlife, however, several plant communities are listed. The distribution ranges of the listed communities do not extend into the vicinity of the Project (BC Ministry of Forests and BC Ministry of Environment 1997), therefore, there are no conflicts with the Project and the Identified Wildlife program. There are no plant species or communities protected under the BC Wildlife Act (RSBC 1996) or the BC Wildlife Act General Regulation (BC Reg. 340/82).

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Parks Management Plans Most of the Project Footprint is located within the protected areas of JNP and MRPP. Preservation of ecological diversity and integrity is a primary management objective of both parks. Indicators for ecological integrity of vegetation resources identified within JNP include long-term average fire cycle, extent of unrestored areas, condition of aspen and riparian willow communities, extent of non-native plant populations that threaten the integrity of native plant species and communities, and the area of grassland in the montane ecoregion. The strategic goal for vegetation management within JNP involves the maintenance of long-term composition and structure of vegetation communities through allowing natural processes to occur (Parks Canada 2000).

Similarly, the Master Plan for MRPP (BC Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks (MELP) 1992) states that the natural processes of fire, disease and insect outbreaks are fundamental in maintaining the complex forest ecosystem. The main objectives for management of the vegetation resource in MRPP include: maintaining plant communities and species with conservation, visual or recreational value; maintaining the established pattern of varied aged forest stands and other communities, thereby reflecting the natural processes that occur in unmanaged forests; maintaining habitat diversity; preserving rare or sensitive species and communities; discouraging establishment of non-native species; and encouraging research and public appreciation (MELP 1992).

1.3 Goals of the Report The objective of this study is to evaluate the vegetation resource along the Proposed and Existing routes, planned permanent facilities, and temporary construction facilities including campsites, staging areas, stockpile sites and access roads. Vegetation studies were designed to meet the following objectives: x identify any rare vascular and nonvascular plant species, as well as any plant communities of concern and VECs along the Proposed and Existing routes, as well as permanent and temporary facilities;

x compare the Proposed and Existing routes based on the vegetation resources potentially impacted by each route;

x verify previously mapped Ecological Land Classifications (ELC), and

x identify locations and abundance of weeds of concern, including levels of vegetation disturbance, along the Proposed and Existing routes as well as proposed locations of associated facilities. Estimates of salvageable timber volumes to be cleared from the Project Footprint are included in this report. A detailed inventory of salvageable timber will be undertaken prior to construction in order to obtain more accurate volume estimations.

Restoration plans will be developed from the results of this report as well as other supporting technical reports.

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2.0 METHODOLOGY

2.1 Study Area Boundaries Several different spatial contexts are used to describe features within the Project area and determine potential impacts of the Project, namely the Project Footprint , Local Study Area (LSA), Regional Study Area (RSA), Supra-regional Study Area (SRSA) and Continental Study Area. The Project Footprint was the primary focus of vegetation field studies conducted for the Project in 2005. The Footprint is defined as the land area directly disturbed by construction and clean-up activities, including associated physical works and activities such as the permanent right-of-way, temporary construction workspace, temporary access, temporary stockpiles and staging areas, as well as facility sites.

The LSA is defined as a 2 km buffer centred on the Proposed Route, and is based on the typical indirect Footprint of pipeline facilities and activities (i.e., the zone of influence in which plants or plant communities are likely to be affected by Project construction and operation). The LSA for the pump stations is defined as an area within a 1 km radius of the pump station. The LSA is relevant to rare and unique plant communities observed during the field studies, since the boundaries of those communities generally extend beyond the Footprint into the LSA (see Appendix G).

The RSA includes a much larger area of about 9,319 km2 around the Project, which was defined to be the area bounded by the NTS map sheets where project activities could occur (83C/13; 83D/14,15,16; 83E/1,2,3,8; and 83/F4,5; Figure 1). This includes important montane and sub-boreal habitat in the Yellowhead corridor. The extent of ecosystems encountered by the Project within the RSA as well as the LSA is identified in this report. Field data collected for the Project were applied to the development of ELCs in the LSA and RSA.

The SRSA is considered in the context of vegetation studies for the Project only in terms of the relative abundance of certain vegetation features on a very large scale, including the provinces of Alberta and BC. The Continental Study Area is not addressed in this report, given the expansive area it covers.

2.2 Literature Review and Consultation Literature relevant to the Project area was reviewed to supplement the information collected from field studies conducted for the Project (Cannings 1973, Chuang 1975, Simonar and Bernier 2000, Williston 2001, Williston 2002). A substantial portion of the Proposed and Existing routes lie within JNP and MRPP. Particular attention was given to previous research conducted in these areas. In addition to the review of published research, relevant management plans were reviewed to identify key vegetation features that are of management concern locally and regionally.

Since most of the Project falls within the jurisdiction of JNP and MRPP, consultation with regulators primarily focussed on Parks Canada and BC Parks representatives. Consultation began prior to the onset of field studies in June 2005 to obtain guidance on key vegetation-related issues that have been identified by each parks management staff as priorities in maintaining the ecological integrity of the parks, as well as appropriate methodologies for conducting the surveys. Given the inherent soil and vegetation disturbance associated with the Project activities, preventing and controlling invasive species were identified as main concerns, in addition to the preservation of rare or sensitive species and communities. These concerns provided some focus in developing the vegetation survey methodology. Open discussion was maintained with regulators during the field assessments and is ongoing throughout the data analysis and planning phases of the Project.

2.3 Data Collection

2.3.1 Baseline Data Collection Standard methodologies were used in the collection of rare vascular and nonvascular plant species and rare plant community data, however some alteration in methods was required to specifically meet the project goals. Methods used are detailed below.

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Vascular Plants Vascular plant species with the potential to occur in the LSA and RSA were identified prior to the field assessment. Tables of potential rare vascular plant species within the LSA and RSA were produced using data available from ANHIC and the BC CDC.

The ANHIC plant Tracking List and Watch List data by Natural Subregion are made available upon request, and the latest edition was provided in 2002 (ANHIC 2002, ANHIC 2005a). The natural subregion data were then pared down using distribution maps in Kershaw et al. 2001 and Moss 1994, to obtain lists of vascular plants more representative of the LSA. General habitat descriptions were added to the tables using Kershaw et al. (2001), Moss (1994) and Douglas et al. (1998-2002). The ANHIC plant community data by Natural Region, available in Allen (2005), were then pared to Natural Subregion through personal communications with Allen. The BC Species and Ecosystems Explorer website (BC Ministry of Sustainable Resource Management (MSRM) and Ministry of Water, Land and Air Protection (MWLAP) 2005) provided rare vascular plant data by Biogeoclimatic (BGC) zone and Forest District (FD), which were used to generate vascular plant lists of all red- and blue-listed plants in the BGC zones and FD encountered by the Project. General habitat descriptions were added to the tables using Douglas et al. (2002, 1998-2002). Yellow-listed and S4 ranked species were not included in these lists. VECs identified by the TOR (CEA Agency et al. 2005) (Table 1) were also added to the list of species of concern with potential to occur in the LSA and RSA.

The potential rare vascular plant tables (Appendix A) were then modified to include whether the range of each plant species was in the vicinity of the LSA and RSA, and whether the habitat of each plant is in the vicinity of the Project Footprint. In Alberta, the range was based on the distribution maps in Kershaw et al. 2001 and Moss 1994. In BC, the range was based on the E-Flora BC Electronic Plant Atlas (E-Flora 2005). Habitat decisions were made based upon an understanding of the habitat types present within the Footprint.

Records of known rare vascular plant occurrences within the LSA were provided by ANHIC and the BC CDC (ANHIC 2005b, BC MSRM and MWLAP 2005, BC CDC 2005). These locations were mapped using Geographic Information System (GIS) mapping software (ArcGIS 9.1) for reference in the field. A list of records obtained from ANHIC and the BC CDC is provided in Appendix A.

Nonvascular Plants Nonvascular plant species of concern with potential to occur in the LSA were identified prior to the field assessment. Records of known rare nonvascular plant occurrences within the LSA were provided by ANHIC and the BC CDC (ANHIC 2005b, BC MSRM and MWLAP 2005, BC CDC 2005). A list of records obtained from ANHIC and the BC CDC is provided in Appendix A. These locations were mapped using GIS mapping software (ArcGIS 9.1) for reference in the field. Nonvascular priority reports by Goward (1995) and Ryan (1996) were used to identify key species and habitats in BC. COSEWIC species summaries and status reports for mosses and lichens found near JNP and MRPP were also obtained. These included reports for Bartramia halleriana (Environment Canada 2004a), which was identified in the TOR (CEA Agency et al. 2005) as a VEC, in addition to Bryum porsildii (COSEWIC 2003) and Nephroma occultum (Environment Canada 2004b). The Devonian Botanic Garden bryophyte database (University of Alberta 2005), which provides data from the University of Alberta and the University of British Columbia herbariums, was also searched for bryophytes that have previously been found in JNP and habitats of rare species were noted to help focus the field studies. To facilitate recognition in the field, nonvascular species that had a high probability of occurring in the study area were studied from the recent literature (Goward et al. 1994, McCune and Goward 1996, Goward 1999, Brodo et al. 2001).

Plant Communities Plant communities of concern with potential to occur in the LSA were identified prior to the field assessment. Tables of potential rare plant communities within the LSA were produced using data available from ANHIC and the BC CDC. The ANHIC plant community data by Natural Region available in Allen (2005) were then pared to Natural Subregion through personal communications with Allen. The BC Species and Ecosystems Explorer website provides rare plant community data at a more detailed scale than is available for individual plant species (i.e., by BGC subzone and FD) (BC MSRM and MWLAP

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2005). Plant community lists of all red and blue-listed plant communities in the BGC subzone and FD of each site were produced. Yellow-listed communities were not included in these lists. VECs identified by the TOR (CEA Agency et al. 2005) (Table 1) were also added to the list of communities of concern with potential to occur in the LSA/RSA.

The table of potential plant communities (Appendix B) was also modified to include whether the range of the community was in the vicinity of the LSA and RSA. In Alberta, this was accomplished through personal communication with Allen. In BC, the community range determination was accomplished using the BC Species and Ecosystems Explorer to compare listed BGC subzones with those occurring along the Proposed and Existing routes. Lists of potential rare plant communities are provided in Appendix B.

Records of known rare plant communities within the LSA were provided by ANHIC and the BC CDC (ANHIC 2005b, BC MSRM and MWLAP 2005, BC CDC 2005). These locations were mapped using GIS mapping software (ArcGIS 9.1) for reference in the field. A list of records obtained from ANHIC and the BC CDC is provided in Appendix B.

Invasive Species Weeds of management concern as set forth in the Alberta Weed Control Act (Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development (AAFRD) 2000), Alberta Weed Regulation (AAFRD 2002), the BC Weed Control Act (BC Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF) 2001), and the Northwest Invasive Plant Council (NWIPC 2005) were reviewed prior to field surveys. The Field Identification Guide for non-native plants in JNP (McPhee et al. 2005) was also used to identify weeds of management concern specific to JNP. In Alberta, restricted weeds must be eliminated, noxious weeds must be controlled, and nuisance weeds are those whose spread or scattering must be prevented. In BC, Provincial Noxious weeds must be controlled in all regions, and Regional Noxious weeds must be controlled in the region(s) in which they are listed.

Ecological Land Classification Ecological mapping at a smaller scale is available from various sources for the LSA and RSA. A cross- walked ELC was developed based on the Ecological (Biophysical) Land Classification of Banff and Jasper National Parks (Holland and Coen 1983) and Biophysical Habitat Units of Mount Robson Park and Extension Areas (Lea and Maxwell 1989) to enable a consistent classification system along the entire LSA. A more detailed explanation of how the cross-walked ELC was developed and a description of general community types associated with each ELC type are available in the Wildlife and Wildlife Habitat Technical Report for the Teresen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. TMX - Anchor Loop Project (TERA/Westland 2005).

2.3.2 Field Data Collection Prior to commencement of field surveys, both the Proposed and Existing routes were surveyed and staked with directions indicating the Footprint width marked on each stake. The pipeline alignments were mapped on an orthorectified aerial photo base at a scale of 1:10,000 (using imagery from 1996, 1997 and 2003) as well as on topographic maps at a scale of 1:50,000 for field orientation and georeferencing key features. A kick-off meeting was held prior to field surveys to ensure that all participating field botanists were using the same reference materials and field methodology. All field investigations were undertaken in accordance with the terms and conditions of BC Parks (PG0510206) and Parks Canada (2005-014) permits. Special activity permits were also obtained for field work carried out in JNP (#2881).

2.3.2.1 Vascular Plant Species Vegetation surveys were conducted in accordance with the rare plant survey guidelines prepared by the Alberta Native Plant Council (ANPC) (2000) and incorporated some standard methods outlined by the BC Resource Inventory Standards Committee (RISC) (BC MSRM 2004a). Five teams of botanists with experience in rare vascular and nonvascular plant identification were assigned to conduct two surveys along the pipeline routes in an attempt to capture early and late phenologies. The early survey was conducted from mid to late June 2005 and the second survey was conducted from late July through mid

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August 2005. Within JNP and MRPP, both the Proposed and Existing routes were surveyed. Outside the parks (on Alberta provincial Crown lands east of JNP and on privately owned and provincial Crown lands in BC west of MRPP) only the Proposed Route was assessed. A single vascular plant survey of potential stockpile storage areas, camp sites and construction access roads was conducted during late July by two additional teams, each with one rare vascular plant specialist. Due to the extensive length of existing construction access points in addition to the constraints of limited time and field botanist availability, all access roads identified for potential use were not assessed. In addition to surveying the Project Footprint, vegetation within 116 circular plots (400 m2 in size) was assessed as part of the wildlife habitat study (TERA/Westland 2005). The plot locations were selected with the intent of comparing wildlife habitat near the Proposed Route and the Existing Route, and were not always located within the Project Footprint.

A meander walking technique was used to survey the Project Footprint for rare plant species. More detailed searches were performed at locations where microsites with a high potential for discovery of rare plants were observed (e.g., depressional areas or hummocks with moisture regimes differing from surrounding areas, rocky outcrops, wetland margins and riparian areas, etc.). Where a rare plant species was observed, a thorough search was performed to determine the extent and status of the population. Rare populations were estimated, a Global Positioning System (GPS) location was recorded and photographs were taken. Population locations were marked with pre-painted, short wooden stakes to facilitate finding the occurrence during future field visits (i.e., for field verification in subsequent seasons and mitigation planning). For each rare species occurrence, detailed ANHIC or BC CDC rare plant report forms were completed, which included location information, descriptions of the surrounding vegetative community (dominant and minor plant species), and potential threats to the population including development of the TMX - Anchor Loop Project. These forms will be submitted to the ANHIC and BC CDC for inclusion in provincial databases.

Voucher specimens of rare plant species were collected following the ‘less than 4% loss’ guideline put forth by the ANPC (2000). Plant species requiring verification were photographed in detail and/or collected where sufficient numbers of individuals occurred, and their identification later confirmed at the University of Alberta or University of BC herbariums or in consultation with ANHIC and various botanical specialists. Collected specimens were mounted on acid-free herbarium paper, labelled and will be submitted to herbariums at the University of Alberta or University of BC. Where multiple samples were taken within JNP or a single sample from JNP was large enough to split and mount on separate sheets, one of the samples will be forwarded to Parks Canada for inclusion in the JNP herbarium.

Species nomenclature is primarily according to the Flora of Alberta (Moss 1994) and the BC CDC (BC MSRM and MWLAP 2005) with common names or newer taxonomy drawn from the ANHIC tracking list (ANHIC 2002), Kershaw et al. (2001), NatureServe (2005) or the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS 2004) when necessary. Mapping of rare plant occurrences is provided in Appendix G.

2.3.2.2 Nonvascular Plant Species Due to the large area of the Project Footprint and limited availability of nonvascular plant specialists in Canada, initial planning and development of rare nonvascular survey methods considered targeting high priority areas by using 1:10,000 aerial photography to identify anomalous landforms such as rock outcrops and wetlands. However, most of these smaller features were indistinguishable on the aerial photographs, and it was concluded that conducting nonvascular surveys by selecting priority areas using aerial photographs would result in overlooking many potential populations of rare species. Therefore, the field surveys for rare nonvascular mosses, liverworts and lichens required a ground inspection of the entire Proposed and Existing routes. Temporary construction facilities (e.g., stockpile sites, campsites, etc.) and access roads were not surveyed for rare nonvascular plants due to time constraints and limited availability of nonvascular plant specialists. The MRPP/BC segment of the pipeline alignments were assessed by two teams of botanists with experience identifying rare nonvascular plants between mid June and early July 2005. The Alberta/JNP segment of the Project was assessed by a single field team of experienced nonvascular plant specialists from mid to late August 2005.

A stratified meander walking technique was used to survey the Project Footprint for rare nonvascular plants. More detailed searches were performed at locations where microsites with a high potential for discovery of rare nonvascular plants (e.g., wetlands and margins of water bodies, rock faces, cliffs, banks

Page 11 Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005 and erratics) were observed. During the surveys, several hundred specimens were collected and documented using digital photographs, GPS locations, elevation, substrate, slope, aspect and habitat information. These specimens were identified using compound and dissecting microscopes, lichen chemistry spot tests, and floristic keys and monographs (Schofield 2002, Paton 1999, Schuster 1966- 1992, Lawton 1971, Crum and Anderson 1981). Notable collections were prepared in acid-free paper voucher packets and will be submitted to the appropriate institutions (University of Alberta Herbarium and the University of British Columbia Herbarium). Records for rare species were completed for each rare population occurrence and will be forwarded to ANHIC and the BC CDC.

2.3.2.3 Plant Communities Rare, sensitive and unique plant communities were identified in conjunction with the rare vascular plant surveys. Similar field methodology was employed as described in Section 2.3.2.1 above, with the exception of verification specimen collections. However, ecologists at ANHIC and the BC CDC were consulted for verification of identification and ranks of sensitive plant communities, based on information collected in the field.

2.3.2.4 Non-Native and Invasive Species Field surveys for invasive species were conducted in conjunction with the rare vascular plant and community surveys. Invasive introduced, native and agronomic species, including but not limited to those listed in the Alberta Weed Regulation, BC Weed Control Act, the NWIPC 2005 Invasive Plant Categories and the JNP Field Identification Guide for non-native plants in JNP, were recorded along the Proposed and Existing routes, as well as at potential stockpile storage areas, camp sites and construction access roads. Additional effort was given to recording weed species with particular management considerations (i.e., species that are especially difficult to control and/or were identified by regulatory authorities as being of particular concern in their jurisdiction). The location, distribution and abundance (density) of invasive species were recorded. Within JNP, additional information on cover class and phenology was recorded to facilitate completion of data entry into the Parks Canada JNP Weed Control Program database.

Where invasive species were observed along extended segments of both routes or access roads, locations of the start and end points of the species occurrence were recorded and abundance/densities were averaged.

2.3.2.5 Ecological Land Classification The ELC applied to the LSA was assessed from a vegetation perspective in conjunction with the rare vascular plant and rare community field surveys. Where obvious discrepancies in the observed vegetation community and the ELC assigned to polygons mapped on the 1:10,000 aerial photo based field maps were identified, a community description was completed for the site, including dominant and subdominant tree, shrub and herbaceous species. General site information was also recorded, including location, a general habitat description and a recommendation for the most appropriate ELC classification. The community descriptions were forwarded to Timberline Forest Inventory Consultants to assist with refinement of the ELC labelling.

Due to the large scale of the ELC polygons and the limited area of each polygon assessed (the Proposed and Existing routes effectively represent a linear transect), frequent changes in forest cover or community composition observed during the surveys were not always considered to represent different ELC polygons.

2.3.2.6 Salvageable Timber Salvageable timber was defined for the purposes of this assessment to include stands where trees are of a size large enough to be marketable to local or regional processing plants.

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Alberta and Jasper National Park (KP 310 to KP 406) Salvageable timber volumes along the Alberta and JNP portions of the routes were determined using different methodologies due to the dissimilar data sources available within the two jurisdictions.

Salvageable timber volumes along the portion of the Project on Alberta provincial Crown land were determined using 1:15,000 Phase 3 Forest Inventory Maps (Alberta Energy and Natural Resources 1983) and Alberta Phase 3 Forest Inventory: Volumes and Stem Numbers for Forest Types for Central Alberta (Alberta Energy and Natural Resources 1985). Salvageable timber volumes through the JNP portion of the Project were determined using the 1:50,000 Ecological (Biophysical) Land Classification of Banff and Jasper National Parks maps (Alberta Institute of Pedology 1982), aerial photos, personal communications (Westhaver pers. comm.) and photos taken along the Proposed and Existing routes.

Alberta Phase 3 Forest Inventory maps are comprised of forest cover polygons. Each polygon has unique features, such as species composition and age class, which differentiate it from neighbouring polygons. Polygon attribute data were compiled from the Phase 3 Forest Inventory maps along both the Proposed and Existing routes (i.e., species composition, age class and height class) within Alberta on provincial Crown land. Using the polygon data along with the Phase 3 Forest Inventory 1984 Forest Type Volume Table, gross volumes per hectare were determined for live coniferous and live deciduous timber types within each polygon.

JNP ELC maps are comprised of vegetation cover polygons. Similar to the Alberta Phase 3 Forest Inventory maps, each polygon has unique features, such as species composition, differentiating it from neighbouring polygons. Polygon attribute data were collected from the ELC maps along both the Proposed and Existing routes within JNP, however timber attribute data is not included on the ELC mapping. Due to lack of data sources that includes details on stand characteristics in JNP, tree height, diameter and density were averaged throughout each ELC polygon. Interpretation of aerial photos and photos taken along the route were used to determine general forest cover data (i.e., heights, stems/ha). General information was also collected through personal communications on general stand characteristics. For example, dense pine forests tend to have 1,400 stems/ha with an average diameter at breast height between 15 cm to 30 cm (Westhaver pers. comm.).

A basic taper equation was then used to generate a volume per hectare for each polygon along both routes: volume (m3) = area at the base (m2) x height (m) 3

In addition to establishing volumes per hectare along both routes in JNP and Alberta, the total area of salvageable timber to be cleared was calculated within each polygon. Areas of salvageable timber to be cleared within each polygon were determined with the use of Project Footprint drawings prepared by Integrated Pipeline Projects Inc. (IPPI 2004) and distances traversed through each polygon.

Salvageable timber volumes for each polygon were then added to determine the total salvageable volume to be removed along the Alberta and JNP segment of the Project for both the Proposed and Existing routes. Polygons with unsalvageable timber (e.g., shrubland, young stand age classes, etc.) were excluded from the calculated area and volumes of salvageable timber to be cleared.

Mount Robson Provincial Park/British Columbia (KP 406 to KP 468) Salvageable timber volumes along the MRPP/BC portion of the Project were determined using polygon attribute data (i.e., timber types, age classes) from 1:20,000 Vegetation Maps (BC MSRM 2002) and additional data files obtained from the BC Ministry of Forests, which provided volumes of salvageable timber per hectare by species within each polygon (BC MSRM 2004b, Fong pers. comm.).

In addition to establishing volumes of salvageable timber per hectare along both routes, the estimated area of salvageable timber to be cleared was calculated within each polygon. Areas of salvageable timber to be cleared within each polygon were determined with the use of Footprint drawings prepared by Integrated Pipeline Projects Inc. (IPPI 2004) and distances traversed through each polygon.

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Salvageable timber volumes for each polygon were then added to determine the total salvageable volume to be removed along the MRPP/BC portion of the Project for both the Proposed and Existing routes. Polygons with unsalvageable timber (e.g., shrubland, young stand age classes, etc.) were excluded from the calculated area and volumes of salvageable timber to be cleared.

2.4 Data Interpretation Following completion of field surveys, rare vascular plant, nonvascular plant, plant community and invasive species data were entered into a Microsoft Excel database. Invasive species data were also entered into the JNP Weed Control Program Microsoft Access database as requested by Alan Westhaver (Fire and Vegetation Specialist, Parks Canada) and will be forwarded to the JNP Weed Control Program coordinators. Quality control checks were completed on all data entered. All field data are stored in both digital and hard-copy format at the TERA Environmental Consultants office in Calgary, Alberta. Formal records of plant species and communities of concern will be completed using standard forms provided by ANHIC and the BC CDC, and submitted to the appropriate agency for inclusion in the provincial databases.

GIS mapping software (ArcGIS 9.1) was used to map field data onto aerial photo based maps at a scale of 1:20,000. These Vegetation Environmental Resource Maps are provided in Appendix G. Rare vascular and nonvascular plant occurrences with provincial ranks of S1 to S3 or a red- or blue-list designation were mapped using points for single plant observations or very small populations, and lines to represent the extent of larger populations along the routes. Stereo air photo interpretation, field descriptions and the UTM coordinates collected in the field that were plotted on orthorectified air photos were used to estimate approximate boundaries of plant communities with a provincial rank of S1 to S3, as well as sensitive or unique communities and communities identified as VECs in the TOR (CEA Agency et al. 2005). These community boundaries were digitized and are included on the Vegetation Environmental Resource Maps as polygons (Appendix G).

Approximately 4,750 occurrences of invasive species were recorded during the 2005 field investigations. As a result, mapping of all records was not feasible. Therefore, 11 weed species were identified from the overall list as being of particular management concern based on their designation by the Alberta Weed Regulation (AAFRD 2002), the BC Weed Control Act (BC MAFF 2001), the NWIPC (2005) and the JNP Field Identification Guide for non-native plants in JNP (McPhee et al. 2005). Species with restricted designations were prioritized for inclusion in this list. Additional species with noxious and extremely or very invasive listings were also included in the list of species of management concern. A complete list of all non-native species recorded (including introduced weeds as well as invasive agronomics and invasive native species) is provided in Appendix F.

The cross-walked ELC (see Section 2.3.1) was used to develop vegetation community types to be considered as the baseline for development of mitigation and restoration plans for the final route. Habitat types described in the Wildlife and Wildlife Habitat Technical Report for the Teresen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. TMX - Anchor Loop Project (TERA/Westland 2005) were also considered when developing these ELC community types. The community types encompass all of the ecosites described in the ELC and crossed by the routes within the LSA. The community types that support each rare species found along the routes were identified to determine if any community type(s) contained more rare species occurrences than others.

Limitations with Methodology for Timber Volume Estimates There are limitations associated with the methodology used to derive timber volume estimates, mainly as a result of a lack of detailed or updated data sources. Along the routes within Alberta provincial Crown lands, the volume estimates were obtained from data sources compiled in 1983/84, which do not factor in the last 22 years of potential growth, management activities and changes in timber volume (e.g., loss in timber volume due to agents of tree damage and mortality). Therefore estimated volumes are expected to be somewhat conservative (i.e., low).

In addition, forest attribute data are extremely limited within JNP, therefore standard equations typically used to calculate more accurate estimations of volume could not be used. The basic taper equation used

Page 14 Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005 to determine timber volumes in JNP (see Section 2.3.2.6) is a simple method used to estimate the volume of a cone shaped object, which in this case represents the volume of a tree. More accurate methods for measuring timber volumes are available, however, given the lack of data resources, the basic taper equation is a simple and effective method of providing timber volume estimates. Further, as a result of limited data resources for timber characteristics in JNP, information was compiled using various indirect methods (e.g., aerial photos and consultation with Parks Canada representatives). Since no baseline or reference data had been established for the lacking information (e.g., stems/ha, tree heights), there is a moderate potential for error in the calculated salvageable timber volume estimates.

Given that the data sources provided by the BC Ministry of Forests for the segments of the routes in MRPP and BC were derived using air photo interpretation, there is potential for error in the volume estimates used when calculating salvageable timber along the routes.

It should be noted that estimations of area of clearing and salvageable volumes along the routes pertain only to salvageable timber as defined above, and do not include areas or volumes of smaller diameter timber, existing openings and clearings, grasslands and shrublands. Further, losses to timber volumes due to agents such as rot or damage were not assessed in the volume analysis.

Page 15 Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005

3.0 SETTING

3.1 Overall Project The Project Footprint and LSA are confined to the valley bottoms and lower slopes of the Athabasca River in central Alberta and the Fraser River in BC. The Project RSA and SRSA is located within the Montane Cordillera Ecozone (Canadian Council on Ecological Areas 2005). Vegetation within the Montane Cordillera is widely variable, including alpine and subalpine regions, lower elevation montane forests and grasslands. The lower elevation mountainous slopes of the Montane Cordillera Ecozone encountered by the LSA are characterized by a mosaic of dry and moist forests, wetlands and riparian areas, and grasslands or sparsely treed savannah-like areas. White and hybrid spruce (Picea glauca and P. glauca x engelmannii), lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta), Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) are the dominant forest tree species in the LSA, with smaller components of subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa), western redcedar (Thuja plicata), balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera), black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa) and paper birch (Betula occidentalis).

Different ecosystem classification systems are applied to portions of the Project within Alberta and BC. Alberta ecosystems are mapped and identified as Natural Regions and Subregions, whereas the Biogeoclimatic (BGC) Ecosystem Classification System is used in BC. The ecosystems encountered within the LSA are classified as:

x the Lower Foothills Natural Subregion at the easternmost end of the pipeline LSA in Alberta (approximately KP/KL 310-315) and at the Wolf Pump Station (KP 188);

x the Montane Natural Subregion through most of the pipeline LSA within Alberta provincial lands and JNP (approximately KP/KL 315-406);

x the Subalpine Natural Subregion occurs only at the outside margins of the LSA in JNP (approximately KP/KL 350 and KP/KL 392 to KP and KL 399);

x the Robson dry hot Sub-Boreal Spruce (SBSdh2) BGC subzone through most of MRPP (approximately KP/KL 406 to 464);

x the McLennan dry hot Sub-Boreal Spruce (SBSdh1) BGC subzone at the western end of the route alignments in MRPP in the northern portion of the LSA (approximately KP/KL 464-468);

x the moist mild Interior Cedar Hemlock (ICHmm) BGC subzone at the western end of the pipeline alignment in MRPP in the southern portion of the LSA (approximately KP and KL 460 to KP/KL 468);

x the Raush moist mild Engelmann Spruce Subalpine Fir (ESSFmm1) BGC subzone only along the southern outer margins of the LSA near the eastern boundary of MRPP (approximately KP/KL 407-411);

x the Robson moist mild Engelmann Spruce Subalpine Fir (ESSFmm2) BGC subzone only along the northern outer margins of the LSA through much of MRPP (approximately KP/KL 407-456);

x the Mica very wet cool Interior Cedar Hemlock (ICHmm) BGC subzone at the Chappel Pump Station LSA (KP 555.5); and

x the Wells Gray very wet cool Interior Cedar Hemlock (ICHmm) BGC subzone at the northeast margin of the Chappel Pump Station LSA (KP 555.5).

The distribution of these ecosystems within the LSA and surrounding areas is illustrated in Figure 2.

Page 16 344600 354600 364600 374600 384600 394600 404600 414600 424600 434600 444600 454600 464600 474600

William A. Switzer Provincial Park R1 R27 R8 R7 T54 83D/6R6 - J R5 R4 R3 R2 W6M W5M R26 R25 R24 T51 83D/6 - I Rock Lake - BRITISH ALBERTA T53 Solomon Creek COLUMBIA Wildland Provincial Park Hinton Fort McMurray

5913900 Dawson Creek 5913900 Grande Prairie

WOLF PUMP STATION Prince George 83D/6 - G T50 Edmonton R15W5M R14W5M MAP EXTENT 83D/6 -H KP 310 Hinton Stony Plain Valemount Jasper Alberta Natural Region - BC Biogeoclimatic Zone - Wildhorse Williams Lake Red Deer WOLF PUMP STATION CHAPPEL PUMP STATION Brûlé Lake PRA CHAPPEL KP 188 KP 555.5 PUMP STATION SCALE: 1:350,000 5903900 Banff 5903900 Calgary km 05102.5 Kamloops (All Locations Approximate) Whistler Merritt KP 326.7 LEGEND Vancouver Kelowna Surrey Nanaimo CANADA New Pump Station Alberta Natural Region BC Biogeoclimatic Zone Abbotsford T49 USA Local Study Area (1 km buffer) Lower Foothills AT unp ICH vk 1 Victoria Existing Trans Mountain Pipeline (TMPL) ESSFwc 2 ICH vk 1c ESSFwcp ICH wk 1 5893900 5893900

T48 Jasper National Park 83E/3 83E/2 Mount Robson Provincial Park 5883900 5883900

T47 KP 468

Rearguard Falls Provincial Park

KP 466.3 5873900 5873900

Whitehorse Wildland T46 Provincial Park

Mount

Terry Fox KP 406

5863900 Jackman TMX - ANCHOR LOOP 5863900 Provincial Park Flats Provincial PROJECT 83D/15 Park 83D/14 Jasper ECOSYSTEMS WITHIN PROJECT LOCAL STUDY AREA Valemount LEGEND

Proposed TMX - Anchor Loop Alberta Natural Region BC Biogeoclimatic Zone Existing Trans Mountain Pipeline (TMPL) Lower Foothills ESSFmm 1 5853900 ESSFmm 2 5853900 Local Study Area (1 km buffer) Montane Sub-Alpine ICH mm Park and Protected Areas SBS dh 1 City/Town SBS dh 2

Park and Protected Areas: Government of Alberta 2004; BC Parks Victoria 2004. Hillshade: Government of Canada 2005. Alberta Natural Regions: Alberta Sustainable Resource Development 2004. British Columbia Biogeoclimatic: BC Ministry of Forest 1995. City/Town: Government of Canada 2003, Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, The Atlas of Canada. Although there is no reason to believe that there are any errors associated with the data used to generate this product or in the product itself, users of these data are advised that errors in the data may be present. 5843900 5843900 SCALE: 1:350,000 BRITISH FIFTH MERIDIAN SIXTH MERIDIAN ALBERTA km 05102.5 COLUMBIA (All Locations Approximate)

3739 November 2005 FIGURE 2

5833900 344600 354600 364600 374600 384600 394600 404600 414600 424600 434600 444600 454600 464600 474600 5833900

00_3739_VEG_FIG_2_Reg_Ecosystem_350k_rev0.mxd Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005

Historic Disturbance and Successional Trends A detailed description of historic disturbance and successional trends in the RSA and LSA is provided in the Wildlife and Wildlife Habitat Technical Report for the Teresen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. TMX - Anchor Loop Project (TERA/Westland 2005), and is summarized in the following.

Natural disturbances within the RSA include those caused by fire, insects, fungus, wind-throw, snow and debris avalanches, and erosion and depositional events. Natural disturbances of limited areal extent, such as fungus, wind-throw, avalanches, erosion and deposition, occur on the mountain slopes and in the valley bottom throughout the RSA. Insect infestations typically affect areas that are larger than those impacted by fungus, wind-throw, avalanche and erosion events, however, insect infestations are generally smaller than areas subjected to natural fire. Historically, ecosystems located within the RSA have experienced frequent fires that ranged in size from small spot fires to large fires affecting hundreds or thousands of hectares. The larger forest fires left unburned patches that escaped the fire for various reasons such as sheltering terrain or high site moisture, surrounded by mature forest that did not burn. The resulting vegetation landscape is a mosaic of forest vegetation in different successional stages.

The valley bottom has historically served as a transportation connection between Alberta and BC. Consequently, anthropogenic disturbances in the LSA are numerous. Land clearing for residential, commercial, recreational and industrial use is highest in the Athabasca River drainage. In addition, gravel and sand pits, land fills and rail yards are all located in this highly developed area. During construction of the railway prior to establishment of MRPP, much of the area along the railway was burned (Simonar and Bernier 2000). The RSA contains major transportation and utility corridors that transect the lower valleys of the Athabasca, Miette and Fraser rivers. The utility corridors increase the area of vegetation disturbance and these multiple use corridors are dominated by non-native agronomic species and invasive species that readily establish along the travel routes. Numerous secondary roads and trails are located within the LSA. In JNP, campgrounds, a golf course, ski resort, and alpine and valley bottom lodges are located in the Snaring River, Fiddle River, Astoria River, Miette River and Athabasca River drainages. Recreational development is considerably less in MRPP, although campgrounds and small service facilities are located at the east and west end of the park. Back country warden cabins and hiking and horse trails occur throughout both parks and there is extensive year-round use in several areas.

Vegetation management is considered the anthropogenic disturbance that is having the greatest impact on vegetation communities in the RSA. Since the 1940s, fires have been supressed, changing the natural distribution of forest types and successional stages. In the RSA, mountain pine beetle is the primary insect disturbance agent and the beetles target mature (greater than 80 years old) lodgepole pine (B.A. Blackwell & Associates Ltd. 2005). The older than normal forests in combination with mountain pine beetle mortality will increase the risk of landscape level fires for the next few decades (B.A. Blackwell & Associates Ltd. 2005). 3.2 Alberta / Jasper National Park (KP 310 to KP 406) Three main ecosystem types occur within the LSA along both routes within Alberta and JNP: the Lower Foothills, Montane and Sub-Alpine Natural Subregions (Figure 2). The Wolf Pump Station is also located within the Lower Foothills Natural Subregion.

Lower Foothills Natural Subregion The LSAs of the Wolf Pump Station (KP 188.0) and the easternmost segment of both routes in Alberta (approximately KP/KL 310 to KP/KL 315) are within the Lower Foothills Natural Subregion, which is characterized by low elevation foothills in a zone of transition from the boreal to cordillera zones. Dry sites within the Lower Foothills Natural Subregion tend to be dominated by lodgepole pine forests with kinnikinnick (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi), bog cranberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea) and hairy wild rye (Elymus villosus) in the understory. Aspen stands with kinnikinnick, blueberry (Vaccinium myrtilloides) or Canada buffaloberry (Shepherdia canadensis) are common on submesic sites in the subregion. Mesic sites are typically very heterogeneous and are characterized by a mixture of lodgepole pine, white spruce and aspen stands, although pure stands of these species also occur. Understory species in mesic sites typically include low bush cranberry (Viburnum edule), green alder (Alnus crispa), prickly rose (Rosa

Page 18 Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005 acicularis), wild sarsaparilla (Aralia nudicaulis), dewberry (Rubus pubescens) and marsh reed grass (Calamagrostis canadensis) (ANHIC 2004).

Montane Natural Subregion Most of the LSA along the segment of both pipeline routes within Alberta and JNP (approximately KP/KL 315-406) is within the Montane Natural Subregion, which is influenced by warm air masses moving along the Athabasca River valley. Vegetation communities in the Montane Natural Subregion are mainly comprised of closed forest communities dominated by lodgepole pine, Douglas-fir, aspen and white spruce. Typical understory species in these communities include Canada buffaloberry, white meadowsweet (Spiraea alba), thimbleberry (Rubus parviflorus), snowberry (Symphoricarpos albus), saskatoon (Amelanchier alnifolia), pine grass (Calamagrostis rubescens) and hairy wild rye (ANHIC 2004).

Deciduous forests occur on fluvial fans, terraces and floodplains within the Montane Natural Subregion (ANHIC 2004). Aspen and riparian willow communities are identified by the JNP of Canada Management Plan as indicators of ecological integrity within the park (Parks Canada 2000). Many of these communities are currently failing to reproduce as a result of herbivory (particularly where elk concentrate) and past fire suppression (Parks Canada 2005).

Open grasslands occur on dry and exposed sites in the Montane Natural Subregion, and are dominated by various grasses including June grass (Koeleria macrantha), streambank wheatgrass (Elymus lanceolatus), western wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii), Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) and slender wheatgrass (Elymus trachycaulus) (ANHIC 2004). Within the LSA, grassland communities are generally confined to areas within JNP. Grasslands in JNP are considered rare (Parks Canada 2005). Although grassland condition in JNP has not been found to change since the 1950s, the size of grasslands is declining as a result of past fire suppression, historic development patterns (i.e., roads, airstrips and other infrastructure being placed on grassland areas), and the complex relationship between herbivory and non-native plants.

Sub-Alpine Natural Subregion The Sub-Alpine Natural Subregion is widespread throughout the RSA, but occurs only at the outside margins of the LSA in JNP (approximately KP/KL 350 and KP/KL 392 to KP and KL 399). The Sub-Alpine Natural Subregion is characterized by open and closed canopy coniferous forests that are typically located on steeply sloping terrain. Old forests are generally dominated by Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii) and subalpine fir, while lodgepole pine is dominant in younger seral stages. These younger lodgepole pine stands are a result of fire and are more common in the lower slopes of the Sub-Alpine Natural Subregion, which extend slightly into the LSA. False azalea (Menziesia ferruginea), white- flowered rhododendron (Rhododendron albiflorum), grouseberry (Vaccinium scoparium), dwarf bilberry (Vaccinium caespitosum) and five-leaved bramble (Rubus pedatus) are typical understory species in the lodgepole pine and spruce-fir forests of the lower Sub-Alpine Natural Subregion (ANHIC 2004).

3.3 Mount Robson Provincial Park / British Columbia (KP 406 to KP 468) The dry hot Sub-Boreal Spruce BGC zones are dominant in the LSA within MRPP and the privately- owned and provincial Crown lands west of the MRPP boundary. A relatively small portion of the pipeline LSA falls within the moist mild Interior Cedar Hemlock zone and very minor inclusions of the Engelmann Spruce Subapline Fir BGC zone are encountered along the outer margins of the LSA in MRPP. The Chappel Pump Station LSA is within the wet and very wet cool Interior Cedar Hemlock zones

Sub-Boreal Spruce BGC Zone Most of the LSA within MRPP occurs within the Robson dry hot Sub-Boreal Spruce (SBSdh2) BGC subzone with a smaller component of the McLennan dry hot Sub-Boreal Spruce (SBSdh1) BGC subzone extending into the western end of the LSA (Figure 2). The SBS BGC zone is influenced by seasonal temperature extremes with severe, snowy winters and relatively warm, moist and short summers. Coniferous forests are predominant in the SBS zone. Hybrid spruce and subalpine fir occur in older wetter

Page 19 Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005 stands, while lodgepole pine and trembling aspen occur on drier and warmer sites along with Douglas-fir. Black spruce (Picea mariana), black cottonwood and paper birch are also common tree species in the SBS zone. Understory species typically include Canada buffaloberry, pine grass and rough-leaved ricegrass (Oryzopsis asperifolia) in drier areas, while five-leaved bramble, palmate coltsfoot (Petasites frigidus var. palmatus), clasping twistedstalk (Streptopus amplexifolius) and oak fern (Gymnocarpium dryopteris) are more commonly observed at wetter sites. Wetlands are common in the SBS zone and occur frequently along the valley bottom in the LSA. Various types of wetland communities occur in poorly drained post-glacial depressions and river oxbows including: sedge (Carex) marshes; shrub fens of bog birch (Betula nana), swamp birch (Betula pumila) and willows (Salix spp.); treed fens and swamps with black and hybrid spruce; and black spruce-Sphagnum bogs (Meidinger and Pojar 1991).

Interior Cedar Hemlock BGC Zone The moist mild Interior Cedar Hemlock (ICHmm) BGC subzone occurs within the westernmost portion of the LSA from approximately KP and KL 460 to KP/KL 468. The Chappel Pump Station LSA lies mainly within the Mica very wet cool Interior Cedar Hemlock (ICHvk1) BGC subzone, with a very small inclusion of Wells Gray very wet cool Interior Cedar Hemlock (ICHwk1) occurring near the northeast margin of the LSA. The ICH BGC zone is characterized by cool wet winters with high snowfall levels and warm dry summers. Summer soil moisture deficits are minimized by the high snowmelt in the ICH zone, making it the most productive forest zone in the interior of BC. Western redcedar and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) are the dominant tree species in mature climax forests in the ICH. White, Engelmann and hybrid spruce and subalpine fir are also common in mature ICH stands. Lodgepole pine, trembling aspen and paper birch are common species in younger seral stage ICH forests. Typical understory species include oak fern, devil’s club (Oplopanax horridus), rosy twistedstalk (Streptopus roseus), spiny wood fern (Dryopteris expansa) and Mnium mosses (Meidinger and Pojar 1991).

Engelmann Spruce Subalpine Fir The extent of the Raush moist mild Engelmann Spruce Subalpine Fir (ESSFmm1) BGC subzone in the LSA is limited to the southern outer margins of the LSA near the eastern boundary of MRPP (approximately KP/KL 407-411). Similarly, the Robson moist mild Engelmann Spruce Subalpine Fir (ESSFmm2) BGC subzone occurs only sporadically along the northern outer margins of the LSA in MRPP (approximately KP/KL 407-456). Vegetation communities in the ESSF zone are influenced by long, cold winters and cool short growing seasons. Engelmann spruce and subalpine fir are the dominant tree species in climax ESSF stands, while lodgepole pine is a widespread seral species after disturbance in the ESSF (e.g., after fire). Douglas-fir and western redcedar may also occur in the ESSF zones encountered by the Project. Deciduous stands, however, are uncommon in this zone. The ESSFmm is characterized by an ericaceous shrub layer, sparse herb cover and relatively dense moss layer in the understory. Characteristic understory species include bunchberry (Cornus canadensis), heart-leaved arnica (Arnica cordifolia) and knight’s plume (Ptilium crista-castrensis). Sitka valerian (Valeriana sitchensis), Indian hellebore (Veratrum viride), arrow-leaved groundsel (Senecio triangularis) and western meadowrue (Thalictrum occidentale) are also common understory species (Meidinger and Pojar 1991).

Page 20 Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005

4.0 RESULTS

4.1 Proposed Route

4.1.1 Overall Project Many rare and unique plant species and communities were identified during the summer field surveys. In total, eight S1 ranked species, twelve S2 ranked species and two S3 ranked species were found in 101 rare vascular plant species populations along the Proposed Route (Table 3). A total of 112 rare nonvascular plant populations were recorded, which include 16 S1 species, 27 S2 species, 18 S3 species and one additional species considered rare in BC (Table 4). There were 22 plant communities of concern identified along the Proposed Route during the 2005 field surveys (Table 5).

4.1.1.1 Vascular Plants Twenty-two species of rare vascular plants (i.e., species with a provincial rank between S1 and S3) were found along the Proposed Route throughout the overall Project. One currently unranked species with a suggested new rank of S1 (Eleocharis mamillata) was also observed. Some species, such as western ribgrass (Parnassia canescens) and Sitka columbine (Aquilegia formosa) were found much more frequently than other species (Table 3). Several specimens await verification by experts, including one Gymnocarpium sp., one Arenaria sp. and one Euphrasia sp. No COSEWIC Special Concern, Threatened or Endangered plant species, SARA listed species, or VEC species identified by the TOR (CEA Agency et al. 2005) were found on the Proposed Route. A summary of rare vascular plant locations observed along the Proposed Route is provided in Appendix C.

Page 21 Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005

TABLE 3

RARE VASCULAR PLANT OBSERVATIONS ALONG THE PROPOSED ROUTE

Provincial Global Number of Common Name Scientific Name Rank Designation1 Growth Form Occurrences Alberta/Jasper National Park sandwort1 Arenaria sp. unknown unknown perennial with stolons 1 Sitka columbine Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 stout perennial herb from 28 (S2S3)2 branched rhizomes ascending grape fern Botrychium ascendens S1 G2G4 fleshy perennial herb 1 (S2?)2 scalloped moonwort Botrychium crenulatum S1 G3 perennial herb 1 lance-leaved grape fern Botrychium lanceolatum ssp. S2 G5 perennial herb 1 angustisegmentum (S2S3)2 Mingan grape fern Botrychium minganense S2S3 G4 perennial herb 10 (SU)2 northwestern grape fern Botrychium pinnatum S1 G4? perennial herb 1 (S2S3)2 spathulate grape fern Botrychium spathulatum S2 G2G3 fleshy perennial herb 4 alpine harebell Campanula uniflora S2 G4 small, perennial herb from 1 taproot Crawe's sedge Carex crawei S2 G5 perennial herb from slender 2 rhizomes green saxifrage Chrysosplenium tetrandrum S3W G5 rhizomatous perennial herb 3 (S3T)2 wild comfrey Cynoglossum virginianum var. S1 G5T4T5 perennial from taproot 2 boreale mamillate spikerush Eleocharis mamillata SNR G4? perennial 1 (S1)2 eyebright1 Euphrasia sp. unknown unknown annual 1 oak fern1 Gymnocarpium sp. unknown unknown rhizomatous perennial herb 1 northern oak fern Gymnocarpium jessoense S1 G5 rhizomatous perennial herb 1 (S1S2)2 mountain mare's-tail Hippuris montana S1 G4 aquatic or amphibious 1 perennial herb from slender rhizomes broad-lipped twayblade Listera convallarioides S2 G5 perennial from fibrous roots 1 Nootka lupine Lupinus nootkatensis S3W G5 perennial herb 3 small northern grass-of-parnassus Parnassia parviflora S2 G4 perennial herb from short 12 (S3W)2 erect to ascending rhizomes western ribgrass Plantago canescens S2 G4G5 tufted perennial herb from 14 (S3W)2 thick, elongated taproot Hooker's cinquefoil Potentilla hookeriana S2 G4 perennial herb from thick, 5 ascending rhizomes early buttercup Ranunculus glaberrimus S2 G5 perennial herb 1 woolly willow Salix lanata ssp. calcicola S1 G4 perennial / shrub 2 (S1S2)2 dwarf bulrush Trichophorum pumilum S2 G5 perennial herb from short 5 (S3W)2 rhizomes Mount Robson Provincial Park/BC skinny moonwort Botrychium lineare unverified - G1 perennial herb 1 S1/Red lance-leaved grape-fern Botrychium lanceolatum ssp. unverified - G5T4 perennial herb 1 angustisegmentum S1/Red Note: 1 Euphrasia sp., Gymnocarpium sp. and Arenaria sp. specimens are currently undergoing verification by experts. These specimens have been tentatively identified as rare. 2 New suggested rank based on discussion at workshop held by the Alberta Natural Heritage Information Centre (ANHIC) in April 2005. This new rank is not officially published by ANHIC and is subject to further review and changes. Therefore official ranks published by ANHIC (2002) are used in this document.

Page 22 Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005

4.1.1.2 Nonvascular Plants Bryophytes include mosses, liverworts and hornworts. Eleven rare moss species and nine liverworts species were observed during the 2005 surveys, however, no rare hornworts were recorded along the Propose Route (Table 4).

Lichens are members of the Fungal Kingdom and consist of a fungus and either an alga or cyanobacterium associated in a symbiotic relationship. Most lichens have members of the sac fungi (ascomycetes) for their fungal components, while very few have club fungi (basidiomycetes) for their fungal component (Stern 1991). Lichens with club fungi are termed bascidio-lichens. Multiclavula vernalis and Omphalina umbelifera were the only bascidio-lichens observed along the Proposed Route.

Lichens with ascomycete fungal components can be divided into three major groups, crustose, foliose or fruticose, depending upon the form of the lichen thallus or body (Vitt et al. 1988). In crustose lichens, the entire lichen body is attached to the substrate and they are bilaterally symmetrical. Crustose lichens lack a lower cortex but most have an upper cortex, algal layer and an inner portion of the lichen body containing fungal hyphae that penetrate the substrate (Vitt et al. 1988). An example of a common, widespread crustose lichen is Rhizocarpon geographicum, which grows attached to acidic rocks (Vitt et al. 1988). The following crustose lichens were identified on the Proposed Route; Aspicilia contorta, Endocarpon pusillum, Fulgensia bracteata, Fuscopannaria praetermiss, Psora cerebriformis, Psora decipiens, Psora globifera, Psora himalayana, Psora nipponica, Psora tuckermanii, Solorinella astericus, Squamarina lentigera, Toninia alutacea, Toninia sedifolia, Toninia subdiffracta and Toninia tristis ssp. tristis.

Foliose lichens are bilaterally symmetrical and have distinct lobes. Foliose lichens are usually attached to the substrate by rhizines, which are composed of thread-like fungal hyphae that extend from the differentiated lower cortex (Vitt et al. 1988). A few foliose lichens, such as the genus Collema, are gelatinous when wet. An example of a common foliose lichen is Peltigera aphthosa, which grows over and among mosses in coniferous forests (Vitt et al. 1988). The following foliose lichens were identified on the Proposed Route; Collema coccophorum, Collema, crispum, Collema furfuraceum, Collema subflaccidum, Collema tenax, Dermatocarpon miniatum, Leptogium furfuraceum, Leptogium gelatinosum, Leptogium lichenoides, Nephroma helveticum, Peltigera horizontalis, Peltigera neckeri, Phaeophyscia ciliata, Phaeophyscia constipata, Phaeophyscia hirsuta, Phaeophyscia hispidula, Physcia stellaris, Solorina saccata, Solorina spongiosa and Xanthoparmelia wyomingica.

Fruticose lichens are radially symmetrical. An algal layer that is usually made up of clumps of algal cells distributed among fungal hyphae is surrounded by fungal cells. The centre of a fruticose lichen may be hollow, or filled with white cottony fungal hyphae (Vitt et al. 1988). Examples of common fruticose lichens include Usnea alpina, which is commonly found on tree branches in moist coniferous forests, and Cladina mitis, which grows on humus or soil in open coniferous forests such as lodgepole pine stands. The following fruticose lichens were identified on the Proposed Route; Agrestia hispida, Anaptychia setifera, Bryoria simplicior, Baeomyces rufus, Evernia divaricata, Phaeocalicium populneum, Ramalina americana and Ramalina sinensis.

A total of 62 species of rare nonvascular plants (i.e., species with a provincial rank between S1 and S3 or a “rare” listing) were found along the Proposed Route throughout the overall Project (Table 4). One additional moss species (Encalypta sp.), which has been tentatively identified as a rare species, in addition to nine lichen species are currently undergoing verification by an expert. No COSEWIC Special Concern, Threatened or Endangered species, SARA listed species, or VEC species identified by the TOR (CEA Agency et al. 2005) were found along the Proposed Route. A summary of rare nonvascular plant locations observed along the Proposed Route is provided in Appendix D.

Page 23 Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005

TABLE 4

RARE NONVASCULAR PLANT OBSERVATIONS ALONG THE PROPOSED ROUTE

Provincial Global Number of Scientific Name Rank Designation1 Growth Form Occurrences BRYOPHYTES Alberta/Jasper National Park Aloina brevirostris S2 G3G5 Moss 3 Aloina rigida S2 G3G5 Moss 1 Aulacomnium androgynum S2 G5 Moss 1 Bartramia pomiformis S2 G5 Moss 3 Buxbaumia aphylla S2 G4G5 Moss 1 S2S3 2 Cephalozia pleniceps (S3) 2 G5 Liverwort Didymodon rigidulus S2 G5 Moss 2 Didymodon vinealis S1 G5 Moss 3 Encalypta sp.1 unknown unknown Moss 2 Fissidens grandifrons S2 G3G5 Moss 1 Gymnocolea inflata S1 G5 Liverwort 1 Lophocolea heterophylla S3 G5 Liverwort 1 S2 1 Lophozia longidens (S1) 2 G5 Liverwort Mannia fragrans S1 G5 Liverwort 3 Moerckia hibernica S1S2 G4? Liverwort 1 S2 1 Orthotrichum pylaisii (S1S2) 2 G4G5 Moss S2 2 Pellia neesiana (S1S2) 2 G5 Liverwort Pterygoneurum ovatum S1 G5 Moss 2 Riccardia multifida S3? G5 Liverwort 4 Syntrichia (Tortula) caninervis S1 G5? Moss 2 Tritomaria exsectiformis S3 G5 Liverwort 1 MRPP/BC - --- - LICHENS Alberta/Jasper National Park Agrestia hispida S2S3 G3 fruticose lichen 2 Anaptychia setifera S2 G3G4 fruticose lichen 3 Aspicilia contorta S1 G5 crustose lichen 1 Baeomyces rufus S2 G5 fruticose lichen 1 Bryoria simplicior S2S3 G3G5 fruticose lichen 1 Collema coccophorum S1 G3G5 foliose lichen 1 Collema furfuraceum S3 G5 foliose lichen 1 Collema subflaccidum S2 G5 foliose lichen 1 Collema tenax S3 G3G5 foliose lichen 2 Dermatocarpon miniatum S3 G3G5 foliose lichen 1 Endocarpon pusillum S2 G5 crustose lichen 4 Evernia divaricata S3 G4G5 fruticose lichen 1 Fulgensia bracteata S3 G5 crustose lichen 2 Fuscopannaria praetermiss S3 G5 crustose lichen 3 Leptogium furfuraceum S2 GNR foliose lichen 1 Leptogium gelatinosum S2 G3G4 foliose lichen 1 Leptogium lichenoides S2S3 G5 foliose lichen 1 Multiclavula vernalis unknown 3 GNR bascidio-lichen 1 Nephroma helveticum S1S2 G4G5 foliose lichen 1 Omphalina umbellifera S1 GNR bascidio-lichen 1 Peltigera horizontalis S1S2 G5 foliose lichen 1 Peltigera neckeri S3 G4G5 foliose lichen 1 Phaeocalicium populneum S3 GNR micro-fruticose lichen 1 Phaeophyscia ciliata S3 G4G5 foliose lichen 1

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TABLE 4 Cont'd

Provincial Global Number of Scientific Name Rank Designation1 Growth Form Occurrences Phaeophyscia constipata S3 G3 foliose lichen 2 Phaeophyscia hirsuta S1 G3 foliose lichen 2 Phaeophyscia hispidula S3 G4G5 foliose lichen 2 Psora cerebriformis S1 G4G5 crustose lichen 1 Psora decipiens S3 G5 crustose lichen 2 Psora globifera S1S2 G4G5 crustose lichen 2 Psora himalayana S2 G3G5 crustose lichen 2 Psora nipponica S2 G4G5 crustose lichen 1 Psora tuckermanii S2 G5 crustose lichen 1 Ramalina americana SU G4G5 fruticose lichen 1 Ramalina sinensis SU G4G5 fruticose lichen 2 Solorina spongiosa S2 G3G5 foliose lichen 2 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR crustose lichen 11 Squamarina lentigera S3 G3G5 crustose lichen 2 Toninia alutacea S2 G4G5 crustose lichen 1 Toninia arctica S1 GNR crustose lichen 1 Toninia sedifolia S3 G5 crustose lichen 2 Toninia subdiffracta unknown 3 G2G3 crustose lichen 1 Toninia tristis ssp. tristis S2 G3G5 crustose lichen 2 Xanthoparmelia wyomingica S3 G4 foliose lichen 1 MRPP/BC Physcia stellaris S2 4 G5 foliose lichen 1 Solorina saccata rare 4 G3G5 foliose lichen 2 Solorina spongiosa rare 4 G3G5 foliose lichen 3 Notes: 1 Encalypta sp. specimens are currently undergoing verification by an expert. The species has been tentatively identified as rare. 2 New suggested rank based on discussion at workshop held by the Alberta Natural Heritage Information Centre (ANHIC) in April 2005. This new rank is not officially published by ANHIC and is subject to further review and changes. Therefore official ranks published by ANHIC (2002) are used in this document. 3 Species is believed to be a new record for Alberta. Species ranks cannot be determined at this time. 4 Species is not currently listed by the BC CDC, therefore the rank given in Lichens of British Columbia: Rare Species and Priorities for Inventory (Goward 1995) is used.

4.1.1.3 Plant Communities A total of 10 community types and 22 plant communities that are considered rare, sensitive, unique or VECs were recorded along the Proposed Route during field studies conducted in spring/summer 2005 (Table 5). In addition to communities listed by ANHIC or the BC CDC as having provincial (S) ranks between S1 and S3 or a red or blue designation, VEC plant communities as identified by the TOR (CEA Agency et al. 2005) were also recorded. Communities identified in the field as being unique to the Project Footprint or LSA were also recorded. In some instances, vegetation communities had most or all of the characteristic features of a provincially listed rare plant community, but could not be considered to fit under the category of the rare community due to high levels of non-native species. In this case, the community was recorded as a unique community. Following is a description of each rare, sensitive or unique community type observed along the Proposed Route. A summary of rare, sensitive, unique and VEC communities observed on the Footprint of the Proposed Route is provided in Appendix E.

Grassland Communities The June grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax (Koeleria macrantha – Artemisia frigida – Linum lewisii) community is identified by ANHIC as CEAB000026 and ranked as S2S3 in Alberta. This community is known to occur in the Montane Natural Subregion on dry moderately level to moderately sloping sites with an easterly or southerly aspect. The June grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax community is influenced by coarse textured, rapidly to well drained, and calcareous soils that have developed on fluvial, morainal and eolian landforms. Unvegetated, bare soil is common within this community type. June grass is generally the dominant species (15-30%), but the cover can vary

Page 25 Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005 substantially depending on summer precipitation levels. Other species characteristic of the community include pasture sagewort (Artemisia frigida), wild blue flax (Linum lewisii), littleleaf pussytoes (Antennaria microphylla) and common gaillardia (Gaillardia aristata). The moss layer of this community is not well developed (usually accounts for less than 3% cover). Tortula moss (Tortula ruralis) is the most frequently occurring moss. Fire is considered a key ecological factor in maintaining this grassland community (Allen 2005). This grassland community type was only observed in the Alberta/JNP segment of the Proposed Route (Plates H1 and H2 in Appendix H).

In one location along the Proposed Route, a grassland community exhibiting the main characteristic features of the June grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax community was observed. However, this community is distinguished from the CEAB000026 community by the high component of non-native invasive species and low abundance of wild blue flax. This community type (identified as “KOELMAC grassland” on the Vegetation Environmental Resource Maps) is considered unique for the purposes of this report, due to its close relationship to the CEAB000026 community that is listed as S2S3 in Alberta (Plate H3).

One additional unique grassland community was observed along the Proposed Route in JNP, located north of the Miette River at approximately KL 396.6-396.7. This unique community is a small meadow with a herbaceous layer dominated by Richardson needle grass (Stipa richardsonii), wild strawberry (Fragaria virginiana) and northern bedstraw (Galium boreale), and a shrub layer of kinnikinnick, saskatoon, prickly rose and dwarf bilberry. As such, the community has been designated as a Richardson needle grass - kinnikinnick grassland (STIPRIC grassland on the Vegetation Environmental Resource Maps, Appendix G). Mingan grape fern (Botrychium minganense), which is ranked S2S3 in Alberta, was also observed at the site in trace amounts. This unique Richardson needle grass - kinnikinnick grassland community is a relatively undisturbed natural grassland site, although it has been influenced by past flood disturbance from the Miette River. Relatively high densities of non-native invasive species were observed throughout most of the surrounding areas, however, this unique community contains only trace amounts of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) and oxeye daisy (Chrysanthemum leucanthemum), which are presumed to have invaded from the trail that borders the community to the north. The site has a south facing slope and subxeric moisture regime. The Ecological (Biophysical) Land Classification of Banff and Jasper National Parks (Alberta Institute of Pedology 1982) identifies this community type as Richardson needlegrass - junegrass - everlasting (Antennaria nitida) (Plate H4).

Open Forest / Savannah Communities Douglas-fir savannah communities are established in the TOR (CEA Agency et al. 2005) as a VEC, and were defined for this study as open grassland communities sparsely interspersed with mature Douglas-fir (identified as PSEUMEN savannah on the Vegetation Environmental Resource Maps, Appendix G). Douglas-fir savannah communities were observed in five locations along the Proposed Route in JNP and MRPP (Table 5). These communities were generally observed on warm, dry sites with various graminoids in the understory including Kentucky bluegrass, June grass, wheatgrasses and Richardson needle grass. Other herbaceous species commonly occurring in Douglas-fir savannah communities include common gaillardia, yarrow (Achillea millefolium), prairie smoke (Geum triflorum), harebells (Campanula rotundifolia) and littleleaf pussytoes. The shrub layer in these communities is typically well developed, and often includes snowberry, prickly rose, kinnikinnick, Canada buffaloberry, saskatoon and occasionally creeping and common juniper (Juniperus horizontalis and J. communis). Other tree species such as white spruce, trembling aspen and lodgepole pine also occur with Douglas-fir in the overstory (Plates H5 and H6)

A unique kinnikinnick blanket slope community (identified as ARCTUVA blanket on the Vegetation Environmental Resource Maps, Appendix G) was observed on a south-facing slope within the Footprint of the Proposed Route in MRPP. Although not listed provincially as being rare or sensitive, this community was identified in the field as being appreciably distinct from the other communities commonly observed along the Proposed Route in MRPP. Kinnikinnick accounts for approximately 85% cover in this open parkland community. Lodgepole pine is sparsely interspersed (1%) in the overstory and Canada buffaloberry, common juniper, saskatoon and trembling aspen occur sporadically in the shrub layer. Herbaceous species include yarrow, little-leaf pussytoes, wild strawberry, common red paintbrush (Castilleja miniata), cut-leaved anemone (Anemone multifida), showy aster (Aster conspicuous), mountain ricegrass (Oryzopsis pungens), white camas (Zygadenus elegans) and dwarf goldenrod (Solidago

Page 26 Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005 spathulata), all comprising about 5% cover. Open areas of exposed soil and cryptogamic crust are also present (Plate H7).

Forest Communities One occurrence of the White spruce – prickly rose – fern moss (Picea glauca – Rosa acicularis – Thuidium abietinum) community was observed on the Footprint of the Proposed Route in Alberta. This community is identified by ANHIC as CEAB000020 and is ranked S1 in Alberta. This community type occurs in Montane loess deposition forests on level to moderately sloping, north-facing sites (Allen 2005). White spruce is dominant in the overstory with a minor component of trembling aspen. The well developed shrub layer is dominated by prickly rose, with saskatoon, snowberry and choke cherry (Prunus virginiana) also present. Downy ryegrass (Leymus innovatus) is a dominant component of the herbaceous layer, and is accompanied by star-flowered Solomon’s seal (Smilacina stellata), alpine sweetvetch (Hedysarum alpinum), twinflower, wild strawberry, northern bedstraw, white camas, spurred gentian (Halenia deflexa), wild lily-of-the-valley (Maianthemum canadense), cut-leaved anemone and wild comfrey (Cynoglossum virginianum var. boreale), an S1-ranked species in Alberta.

White spruce – fern moss (Picea glauca – Thuidium abietinum) communities were observed in two locations within the Footprint of the Proposed Route in JNP (Table 5). This community type is identified by ANHIC as CEAB000070, and is listed in Alberta as S2S3. White spruce - fern moss communities occur in the Montane and Sub-Alpine Natural Regions in Alberta, and are typically found on moderately well to rapidly drained talus and valley side slopes with northerly to easterly aspects, as well as on highly calcareous eolian and fluvial landforms. The white spruce - fern moss community is a closed canopy, mesic forest characterized by fern moss in the moss layer. Its low shrub cover and sparse herb and dwarf-shrub components separate the CEAB000070 community from other spruce - fern moss community types (Allen 2005). Understory species observed within these communities during the spring/summer 2005 field surveys include prickly rose, common juniper, twinflower (Linnaea borealis), northern bedstraw and harebells, among others (Plates H8 and H9).

A unique aspen – pine – thimbleberry – veiny meadowrue (Populus tremuloides – Pinus contorta – Rubus parviflorus – Thalictrum venulosum) community was observed in the Footprint of the Proposed Route in JNP. Although this community is similar to the S2S3-ranked aspen - thimbleberry - wild sarsaparilla (Populus tremuloides – Rubus parviflorus – Aralia nudicaulis) community identified by ANHIC as CEAB000044, it is not a true fit to this community (Allen pers. comm.). As such, the observed aspen – pine – thimbleberry – veiny meadowrue is considered unique for the purposes of this study, and is identified on the Vegetation Environmental Resource Maps as POPUTRE/RUBUPAR (Appendix G). Lodgepole pine and trembling aspen are dominant in the overstory of the observed unique community. White spruce comprises a smaller component of the overstory. The shrub layer is very well developed and dominated by thimbleberry with lesser components of snowberry, prickly rose, bracted honeysuckle (Lonicera involucrata), Bebb’s willow (Salix bebbiana), twinflower and white spruce saplings. In addition to veiny meadowrue, herbaceous species observed include western Canada violet (Viola canadensis), slender wheatgrass, roughleaf ricegrass (Oryzopsis asperifolia), yellow pea vine (Lathyrus ochroleucus), showy aster, fireweed (Epilobium angustifolium), wild strawberry, common red paintbrush and hairy wild rye, among others (Plate H10).

The Douglas-fir – hybrid white spruce – thimbleberry (Pseudotsuga menziesii – Picea engelmannii x glauca – Rubus parviflorus) community identified as SBSdh/06 was observed at 4 locations on the Footprint of the Proposed Route in MRPP. This community type is ranked S3/Blue in BC (BC MSRM and MWLAP 2005). The observed communities occur in moderately well drained, toe-slope forests characterized by rich and lush shrub communities with thimbleberry, labrador tea (Ledum groenlandicum) and bracted honeysuckle beneath a mixed canopy of large diameter Douglas-fir, hybrid spruce, trembling aspen and black cottonwood. Herbaceous species include bunchberry, stiff clubmoss (Lycopodium annotinum) and twinflower. Red-stemmed feather moss (Pleurozium schreberi) comprises a substantial component of the moss layer (60%), with lesser amounts of Plagiomnium spp.

Mature (old growth) western redcedar / western hemlock stands were identified by the TOR (CEA Agency et al. 2005) as a VEC. Although mature western redcedar and western hemlock individuals were observed sporadically along the route, they are a generally a subdominant component of the communities encountered within the Footprint. Individuals of these tree species growing within predominantly spruce,

Page 27 Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005 pine or deciduous stands, as well as western redcedar / western hemlock stands of a younger seral stage (e.g., where western redcedar was observed in the subcanopy as the dominant species) were not considered to qualify as the VECs described in the TOR.

Mature (old growth) Douglas-fir stands were identified by the TOR (CEA Agency et al. 2005) as a VEC. Although Douglas-fir was observed through much of the footprint, it was generally a minor or co-dominant component of the canopy. In these stands, white spruce, trembling aspen and subalpine fir were typically the dominant and co-dominant canopy species. No stands with mature Douglas-fir as the predominant species were recorded.

Wetland and Riparian Communities Silverberry (Elaeagnus commutata) riparian shrubland communities were observed at three locations on the Footprint of the Proposed Route in Alberta/JNP. This community type is identified by ANHIC as CEGL001098 and is ranked SU in Alberta due to some unresolved questions about the taxonomy (i.e., different silverberry community types are not clearly defined) and actual abundance of the community type globally as well as within Canada and Alberta (Allen pers. comm.). Silverberry riparian shrubland communities typically occur in moderately well to well drained riparian areas, and were recorded along the Proposed Route at the Athabasca River and Drystone Creek. Silverberry riparian shrubland communities are often found on sites with additional moisture from seeps, groundwater or snow accumulation, however, they are intolerant of prolonged flood conditions or permanent high water tables (Allen 2005). Although silverberry is a species that seems to be strongly associated with disturbance, the silverberry riparian community type is known not to recover quickly after fire (Allen 2005). Silverberry strongly dominates the shrub layer in this community. Additional shrub species observed at the silverberry riparian communities along the route include prickly rose, red osier dogwood (Cornus stolonifera), saskatoon, Canada buffaloberry, common juniper and willows. Species recorded in the herbaceous layer include yellow dryad (Dryas drummondii), prairie cinquefoil (Potentilla sylvanica), prairie milk vetch (Astragalus striatus), dwarf fireweed (Epilobium latifolium), common horsetail (Equisetum arvense), golden sedge (Carex aurea), water sedge (Carex aquatilis), tufted hair grass (Deschampsia caespitosa), Scheuchzer cottongrass (Eriophorum scheuchzeri), common sagewort (Artemisisa campestris), early yellow loco-weed (Oxytropis sericea), reflexed loco-weed (Oxytropis deflexa), Siberian aster (Aster sibiricus) and bluntleaf sandwort (Moehringia lateriflora) among others (Plate H11).

Calcareous wetlands are relatively common in the project area, due to the presence of strongly calcareous soils developed on local limestone parent material. These wetlands are characterized by cold inflowing groundwater (with basic [alkaline] pH) containing dissolved calcium and magnesium creating ecological conditions favourable to supporting certain calciphiles (calcium-tolerant plants) (TERA/Westland and R.U. Kistritz Consultants Ltd. 2005.). Although there is little documentation of rare plant communities associated with calcareous wetlands in mountainous terrain in Alberta and BC (Allen 2005, MacKenzie and Moran 2004), this is believed to be the result of limited investigations and studies as opposed to an indication of the abundance and sensitivity of such communities. Several rare vascular plant species were observed during the 2005 field studies that appear to be associated with calcareous wetlands (e.g., dwarf bulrush, small northern grass-of-parnassus and Crawe’s sedge). Preliminary results of the non-vascular field surveys also indicate that calcareous wetlands provide habitat for a substantial number of rare non-vascular species observed along the routes (additional information will be incorporated once complete non-vascular data is available). Considering these factors, calcareous wetlands are considered to be relatively sensitive features in terms of providing habitat for rare plants and potentially rare communities.

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TABLE 5

PLANT COMMUNITIES OF CONCERN OBSERVED ALONG THE PROPOSED ROUTE

Provincial Global Number of Common Name/Community Code1 Scientific Name Rank Rank Occurrences Alberta/JNP white spruce - prickly rose - fern moss Picea glauca - Rosa acicularis- Thuidium abietinum S1 GNR 1 CEAB000020 white spruce - fern moss Picea glauca - Thuidium abietinum S2S3 GNR 2 CEAB000070 June grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax Koeleria macrantha – Artemisia frigida – Linum lewisii S2S3 GNR 3 CEAB000026 silverberry riparian shrubland Elaeagnus commutata riparian shrubland SU G2Q 3 CEGL001098 June grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax Koeleria macrantha – Artemisia frigida – Linum lewisii UNIQUE GNR 1 KOELMAC grassland Richardson needle grass - kinnikinnick grassland Stipa richardsonii - Arctostaphylos uva-ursi UNIQUE GNR 1 STIPRIC grassland aspen - pine - thimbleberry - veiny meadow rue Populus tremuloides - Pinus contorta - Rubus UNIQUE GNR 1 POPUTRE / RUBUPAR parviflorus - Thalictrum venulosum Douglas-fir savannah Pseudotsuga menziesii savannah ecosystem VEC GNR 4 PSEUMEN savannah MRPP/BC Douglas-fir - hybrid white spruce - thimbleberry Pseudotsuga menziesii - Picea engelmannii x S3 / Blue GNR 4 SBSdh/06 glauca - Rubus parviflorus kinnikinnick blanket slope Arctostaphylos uva-ursi blanket slope UNIQUE GNR 1 ARCTUVA blanket Douglas-fir savannah Pseudotsuga menziesii savannah ecosystem VEC GNR 1 PSEUMEN savannah Note: 1 Community Codes are derived from the ANHIC Preliminary Plant Community Tracking List (Allen 2005) or BGC Ecosystem Classification System where possible. Other codes were assigned based on the dominant species or unique feature characteristic of the community.

4.1.1.4 Non-Native and Invasive Species Approximately 4,750 occurrences of invasive species were recorded during the spring/summer 2005 field surveys. As a result, mapping and tabular presentation of all records were not feasible. Eleven weed species were identified from the overall list as being of particular concern for the Project (i.e., for developing appropriate mitigation to prevent spread of weed infestations, monitoring and control of infestations) (Table 6). These eleven species were selected based on their designation by the Alberta Weed Regulation (AAFRD 2002), the BC Weed Control Act (BC MAFF 2001), the NWIPC (2005) and the JNP Field Identification Guide for non-native plants in JNP (McPhee et al. 2005). Species with restricted designations were prioritized first. Some additional species with noxious and extremely or very invasive listings were also included. BC Parks has identified those species listed on the NWIPC Invasive Plant Categories list (NWIPC 2005) as the main species of management concern in MRPP (Rockwell pers. comm.). A complete list of all non-native species recorded during the 2005 field investigations (including introduced weeds as well as invasive agronomics and invasive native species) is provided in Appendix F.

Extensive populations of several invasive non-native species such as oxeye daisy and Canada thistle were recorded over most of the disturbed areas along the Proposed Route. Since there were very few locations where these species did not occur, they were not included in the list of eleven priority species for this report. Of the eleven priority species listed in Table 6, common toadflax, spotted knapweed and common tansy were observed within both the Alberta/JNP and MRPP/BC segments of the Proposed Route. Clematis, dalmatian toadflax and scentless chamomile were also observed along the Proposed Route in Alberta/JNP. No additional species were observed along the MRPP/BC segment of the Proposed Route.

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TABLE 6

INVASIVE SPECIES OF CONCERN

Alberta Weed BC Weed JNP Common Name Scientific Name Regulation Control Act NWIPC Designation Reason for Concern Carduus nutans nodding thistle restricted --- aggressive or --- Ability to crowd out native species under biocontrol Centaurea diffusa diffuse knapweed restricted noxious very invasive restricted History of forming monocultures throughout the BC interior Centaurea biebersteinii spotted knapweed restricted noxious extremely restricted History of forming monocultures invasive throughout the BC interior Clematis tangutica clematis ------restricted Weed of mainly urban and industrial areas but expanding in range Echium vulgare blue weed noxious --- very invasive --- Increases in bare areas where there is little competition Euphorbia esula leafy spurge noxious noxious extremely restricted Very difficult to eradicate and invasive spreads easily along the banks of watercourses due to its seed dispersal methods Knautia arvensis field scabious noxious --- extremely --- Very difficult to eradicate invasive Linaria dalmatica dalmatian toadflax nuisance noxious extremely restricted Deep rooted perennial that is difficult invasive to eradicate once established Linaria vulgaris common toadflax noxious noxious invasive restricted Difficult to control due to high seed production and creeping rhizomes Matricaria maritima scentless noxious noxious very invasive restricted Prolific seed producer and very chamomile aggressive in non-cropland areas Tanacetum vulgare common tansy noxious --- extremely noxious High seed producing perennial, and invasive unpalatable to wildlife Sources: Royer et al. 1999, Bubar et al. 2000, Alberta Native Plant Council 2000, AAFRD 2002, BC MAFF 2001, NWIPC 2005 and McPhee et al. 2005

4.1.1.5 Salvageable Timber Salvageable forest cover types along the Proposed Route range from open pine and Douglas-fir stands to more densely populated pine and spruce forests. Average age and size of stand types are variable along the route, although there is a general tendency for size and age to increase from east to west. The average stand age on Alberta provincial Crown lands encountered by the Proposed Route is 75 years with an average tree height of 8 m (Alberta Energy and Natural Resources 1983). No stand ages are available for JNP but average tree height is approximately 20 m. Trees in MRPP have an average age of 97 years and the average tree age in BC west of the MRPP park boundary is 155 years of age (BC MSRM 2004b). The average tree height along the MRPP/BC portion of the Proposed Route is 25 m.

The approximate area of salvageable timber to be cleared for the Proposed Route and calculated salvageable timber volumes are listed in Table 7. The Project would remove approximately 26,805 m3 of salvageable coniferous and deciduous timber from the Footprint of the Proposed Route.

TABLE 7

SALVAGEABLE TIMBER ESTIMATES FOR THE PROPOSED ROUTE

Proposed Route Parameter AB/JNP MRPP/BC Overall Area to be Cleared1 65 ha 102 ha 167 ha Coniferous Salvageable Volume 6,759 m3 17,012 m3 23,771 m3 Deciduous Salvageable Volume 588 m3 2,446 m3 3,034 m3 TOTAL Salvageable Volume 7,347 m3 19,458 m3 26,805 m3 Note: 1 Area to be cleared refers to area of salvageable timber to be cleared (not the total area of the footprint). Areas with unsalvageable timber (e.g., clearings, shrubby areas, very young stands, etc.) are excluded from the area to be cleared.

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4.1.1.6 Ecological Land Classification Community Types on the Proposed Route In general, the percentages of the length of the community types along the Proposed Route are directly proportional to the percent of rare species found within the ELC community type (Table 8). However, a larger percentage of rare species was found on the Proposed Route in the wetland, shrub and riparian forest community type, suggesting that this community type contains habitat more suitable for rare vascular plant species.

TABLE 8

ELC COMMUNITY TYPES ON THE PROPOSED ROUTE

Percent of Percent of Proposed Rare Community Type Route Species1 Ecosite2 Description2 Wetland, Shrub and Riparian 17 34 VL1 sedge fen, wet shrubby meadow, wet shrub thicket Forest VL3 white spruce, wet shrubby meadow, wet shrub thicket VL4 white spruce forest VL5 wet shrub thicket Douglas-fir and White Spruce 31 23 CA1 spruce-fir, open spruce, open spruce-fir, wet shrubby meadow, birch Forest fen NY1 Douglas fir, pine/buffaloberry forest NY3 white spruce-Douglas fir, pine/buffaloberry open Douglas fir, low shrub-herb meadow, Douglas fir DV2 white spruce forest HD2 open white spruce forest HD3 white spruce, spruce-Douglas fir forest TA3 spruce forest CA2 spruce fir forest Grassland and Dry Slope 7 7 AT3 grassland; subxeric pine forest HD4 grassland with subxeric pine TA2 grassland, low shrub-herb meadow Pine Forest 31 23 AT1 subxeric pine, pine/buffaloberry forest BV1 lodgepole pine forest FR1 pine/buffaloberry forest PR1 mesic pine forest PT1 pine/buffaloberry forest PT3 subxeric pine, pine/buffaloberry forest PT5 mesic pine, pine/buffaloberry black spruce-pine, open spruce forest Aspen and Balsam Poplar Forest 12 13 HD1 aspen forest PT4 aspen forest Cedar Forest 2 0 RA4 mesic cedar - hemlock - false azalea and moss forest RA3 mesic paper birch - cedar-false azalea-moss forest RD4 cedar-black cottonwood (balsam poplar) - devil’s club forest Note: 1 Refers to rare species identified during field surveys in 2005. 2 Based on crosswalked ELC (Timberline Forest Inventory Consultants Ltd. 2005).

4.1.2 Alberta / Jasper National Park (KP 310 to KP 406)

4.1.2.1 Vascular Plants Twenty-one species of rare vascular plants (i.e., species with a provincial rank between S1 and S3) were found along the Proposed Route in Alberta and JNP (Table 3, Appendix C). Although Eleocharis mamillata was not counted in the tabulation of rare species since it is currently unranked (SNR), it has been included in the following species descriptions because ANHIC has suggested a new rank of S1 be assigned. Specimens of several additional species have been sent out for verification by experts, including one Gymnocarpium sp., one Arenaria sp. and one Euphrasia sp. Following is a description of each vascular plant species of concern recorded along the Alberta/JNP segment of the Proposed Route during the 2005 field surveys.

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Sitka columbine (Aquilegia formosa), ranked as S2 in Alberta, is a stout perennial herb with rhizomes. It has showy red and yellow flowers that are usually nodding, with straight spurs (Moss 1994). The fruits are upright groups of five pod-like fruits that open on the inner side (Kershaw et al. 2001). Twenty-eight populations were found along the Proposed Route within JNP (ranging from approximately KP/KL 352.2 to KP/KL 405.3) (Plates H12 and H13).

Ascending grape fern (Botrychium ascendens) is ranked S1 in Alberta and G2G3 globally. This species is 5-15 cm tall. It has a leafy blade with up to five pairs of well-separated leaf lobes with toothed margins. The fertile blade is equal to twice the height of the leafy blade. This species occurs in grassy fields, roadside clearings and wetland meadows from low elevation to the subalpine (Williston 2001). One population was found on an old access road along the Proposed Route within JNP (approximately KL 405.5).

Scalloped moonwort (Botrychium crenulatum), ranked as S1 in Alberta, is a small fleshy perennial herb that grows in wet areas in the mountains. It has a thin yellow-greenish sterile blade that has up to 5 pairs of spreading, well-separated segments (Kershaw et al. 2001). Its fertile blade is once or twice-divided, appears in mid to late spring and dies in late summer. One plant was found outside JNP in the Alberta portion of the Proposed Route (approximately KP/KL 319.7).

Lance-leaved grape fern (Botrychium lanceolatum spp. angustisegmentum) is ranked S2 in Alberta (Gould pers. comm.). It is a 5-25 cm tall, fleshy perennial. The leafy blade is green to pale yellow-green, somewhat shiny, stalkless, triangular-shaped and up to 6 cm long and 10 cm wide. The fertile blade, taller than the sterile blade, has crowded spore clusters on ascending branches. This species occurs on mountain slopes (Kershaw et al. 2001, Moss 1994). One plant was noted along the Proposed Route within JNP (approximately KP/KL 385.1) (Plates H14 and H15).

Mingan grape fern (Botrychium minganense) is ranked S2S3 in Alberta. This perennial grows up to 30 cm tall and has a dull yellow-green, linear leafy blade which is divided into up to 10 pairs of horizontal to spreading segments. The fertile blade appears in spring through summer. It grows at elevations up to 3,700 m and in a variety of habitats (Kershaw et al. 2001). Ten populations were found along the Proposed Route within JNP (ranging from approximately KP/KL 365.5 to KP/KL 405.9) (Plate H16).

Northwestern grape fern (Botrychium pinnatum) is ranked S1 in Alberta. It is an 8-15 cm tall fleshy perennial. The sterile blade is shiny bright green, stalkless, oblong, and up to 8 cm long and 5 cm wide. The fertile blade is twice-divided and 1-2 times as long as the sterile blade. This species occurs in open, moist to mesic sites in montane, subalpine and alpine zones (Kershaw et al. 2001). One population with over 50 plants was found along the Proposed Route in a disturbed forb grass community within JNP (approximately KP/KL 385.0-385.1) (Plate H17).

Spathulate grape fern (Botrychium spathulatum), ranked as S2 in Alberta, is a small fleshy perennial herb that grows in fields and grassy openings in the mountains (Kershaw et al. 2001). It has a nearly stalkless, leathery sterile blade that is shiny yellow-green in colour, triangular in outline and is divided into as many as 8 pairs of ascending segments (Kershaw et al. 2001). One population of spathulate grape fern was observed in Alberta (approximately KP/KL 314.2) and three populations were observed in JNP (approximately KL 325.4, KP/KL 344.3 and KP/KL 345.9) (Plate H18).

Alpine harebell (Campanula uniflora) is ranked S2 in Alberta. This hairless perennial is 10 cm tall or less, with spatulate-shaped lower leaves that are 2-3 cm long and linear upper leaves. Single flowers occur on each plant and are pale blue-purple, funnel-shaped, and 5-10 mm long. This plant grows on exposed, stony alpine slopes and blooms from July to August (Kershaw et al. 2001, Moss 1994). One population with 12 plants was found along the Proposed Route within JNP (approximately KP/KL 345.9).

Crawe's sedge (Carex crawei), ranked as S2 in Alberta, is a perennial herb with stiff but slender stems 5 to 30 cm tall. The plant is found singly or in small clumps, and arises from rhizomes (Kershaw et al. 2001. The flower clusters are 2 to 5 widely spaced stalked spikes, with the uppermost spike containing only male flowers. Two populations of Crawe's sedge were found in calcareous fens or wetlands along the Proposed Route within JNP (approximately KP/KL 337.9-338.0 and KP/KL 362.2) (Plate H19).

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Green saxifrage (Chrysosplenium tetrandrum) is ranked as S3 and is on the Watch List in Alberta. It is a perennial herb less than 20 cm tall that grows on moist shady banks (Moss 1994). It has round to kidney- shaped leaves and branches near the top of the plants producing lobed green flowering bracts and sepals, with no petals. The capsule splits to reveal numerous light reddish-brown smooth seeds (Moss 1994). Three populations, each containing hundreds of plants, were found along the Proposed Route within JNP (one population at approximately KP/KL 383.7 and two populations at approximately KP/KL 383.8) (Plate H20).

Wild comfrey (Cynoglossum virginianum var. boreale), ranked as S1 in Alberta, is a perennial herb with erect unbranched leafy stems 40 to 80 cm tall (Kershaw et al. 2001). Its leaves are basal and alternate with many coarse hairs. The numerous flowers are funnel-shaped, blue (sometimes white) and with five spreading petals at the tip of a short tube 6-8 mm across. One population of wild comfrey containing seven plants was observed in a mature white spruce forest (approximately KL 325.2) and another population containing five plants was found in a mature white spruce and balsam poplar forest (approximately KL 325.4). Both populations were observed on the Alberta segment of the Proposed Route (Plate H21).

Mamillate spikerush (Eleocharis mamillata) is unranked in Alberta, although ANHIC has suggested an S1 rank be assigned to this species. This is a mat-forming 10-50 cm tall perennial with a round, spongy, leafless stem. The solitary seed head occurs at the end of the stem, is 5-20 mm long and has 5-80 seeds that are yellow to dark brown. Each seed has bristles around it that are longer than the seed. This species occurs at fresh lakeshores, shallow ponds, streams, floating mats, bogs, fens, and ditches (Flora of North America Editorial Committee 2005). One population was found along the Proposed Route within JNP (approximately KP/KL 331.9) (Plate H22).

Northern oak fern (Gymnocarpium jessoense), ranked as S1, is a rhizomatous fern up to 50 cm tall, with annual leaf fronds (Kershaw et al. 2001). The leaves have long slender stalks with a triangular leaf blade outline. Northern oak fern grows in moist woods and has been found in rock crevices and slopes (Kershaw et al. 2001). One population containing more than 150 fronds was found along the Proposed Route in JNP (approximately KL 389.0) (Plate H23).

Mountain mare's-tail (Hippuris montana), ranked as S1, is an aquatic or amphibious perennial herb with delicate unbranched stems and slender rhizomes. Its pointed, linear leaves are 5 to 10 mm long, and grow in whorls of 5 to 8 (Kershaw et al. 2001). Mountain mare's-tail has been found in moist open sites along streams and on mossy banks. One population of mountain mare's-tail was observed growing within the intermittently-flooded shoreline of a fen, along the Proposed Route within JNP (approximately KP/KL 331.9) (Plate H24).

Broad-lipped twayblade (Listera convallarioides) is ranked S2 in Alberta. This species is an 8-20 cm tall orchid with one pair of broadly oval, 3-5 cm long leaves, near the middle of the stem. The flowers are yellowish green, 4-5 mm long, with three lance-shaped bracts and 2 petals all bent backwards above one wedge-shaped, notched lower petal. This species blooms from July to September and occurs in boggy woods and meadows (Moss 1994, Kershaw et al. 2001). One population was found along the Proposed Route within JNP (approximately KP/KL 352.3) (Plate H25).

Nootka lupine (Lupinus nootkatensis) is ranked S3 and is on the Watch list in Alberta. This perennial grows 30-120 cm tall and has white, spreading hairs on the stem. Stem leaves are 2-7 cm long, have 5-9 leaflets and are hairy below. The flowering stems are 5-20 cm long, with blue (rarely white) flowers that are each 15-20 mm long. Pods are 3-6 cm long. Nootka lupine occurs in open forest areas at subalpine elevations (Moss 1994). Three populations were noted along the Proposed Route within JNP near KL 400.0 (Plate H26).

Small northern grass-of-parnassus (Parnassia parviflora), ranked as S2 in Alberta, is a perennial herb 5 to 30 cm tall, with long, narrowly egg-shaped leaves that do not clasp its stem. It has white flowers with yellowish or greenish veins, with 5 clusters of specialized, gland-tipped staminoidea in addition to 5 petals and 5 sepals (Kershaw et al. 2001). Twelve populations were found along the Proposed Route in Alberta and JNP (ranging from approximately KP/KL 317.6 to KP/KL 361.5) (Plate H27).

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Western ribgrass (Plantago canescens), ranked as S2 in Alberta, is a tufted perennial herb with leafless woolly-hairy stems (Kershaw et al. 2001). The leaves are narrow and lance-shaped and are clustered from the base. Fourteen populations were noted along the Proposed Route within JNP (ranging from approximately KP/KL 354.1 to KP/KL 372.6) (Plate H28).

Hooker's cinquefoil (Potentilla hookeriana), ranked as S2 in Alberta, is a small perennial herb with yellow flowers that grows on dry, rocky alpine slopes (Kershaw et al. 2001). Its leaves are divided into three leaflets that are densely wooly-hairy on their undersurface. Five populations were noted along the Proposed Route within JNP (ranging from approximately KP/KL 339.9 to KP/KL 363.1) (Plate H29).

Early buttercup (Ranunculus glaberrimus), ranked as S2 in Alberta, is a hairless perennial herb usually less than 10 cm tall. The yellow saucer-shaped flowers have 5 separate sepals and 5 petals, which have a nectar-producing pit at the base (Kershaw et al. 2001). The mainly basal leaves are nearly round to narrowly egg-shaped and are sometimes three-lobed. One population was found along the Proposed Route in Alberta (approximately KP/KL 312.4).

Woolly willow (Salix lanata ssp. calcicola) is ranked S1 in Alberta. This is a low shrub up to 50 cm tall that has gnarled, reddish brown branches. Leaves are broadly ovate to elliptic, glandular-dotted, with glandular-toothed margins and an abruptly acute tip and round base. The catkins are 5-6 cm long, stalkless and appear before the leaves. The capsules are reddish brown and hairless. Woolly willow occurs in floodplains (Moss 1994). Two large populations were found in close proximity to one another along the Proposed Route within JNP (approximately KP/KL 361.7 and KP/KL 362.0) (Plates H30 and H31).

Dwarf bulrush (Trichophorum pumilum), ranked as S2 in Alberta, is a perennial herb 5 to 20 cm tall with round, stiff, wiry stems and rhizomes. The flower clusters are single, egg-shaped spikelets, with scales that are chestnut brown with a green midvein (Kershaw et al. 2001). Dwarf bulrush grows in calcareous fens. Five populations were found along the Proposed Route in Alberta/JNP (ranging from approximately KP/KL 314.6 to KP/KL 361.5) (Plate H32).

4.1.2.2 Nonvascular Plants Sixty species of rare nonvascular plants (i.e., species with a provincial rank between S1 and S3 or a “rare” rank) were found along the Proposed Route in Alberta and JNP (Table 4, Appendix D). Of these 60 species, 20 species are bryophytes and 40 species are lichens. The 20 rare bryophyte species recorded include 9 liverwort species and 11 moss species. The 40 rare lichen species include 6 fruticose lichens, 16 crustose lichens, 17 foliose lichens and 1 bascidio-lichen.

In addition to these rare species, one additional moss species (Encalypta sp.) was recorded, which has been tentatively identified as rare and is awaiting verification by an expert. Nine additional lichen species are also awaiting verification of identification by an expert. Two fruticose lichens, Ramalina americana and Ramalina sinensis (ranked SU), were also observed, in addition to two lichen species that are believed to be new records for the province. These new species are Multiclavula vernalis and Toninia subdiffracta (provincial ranks are not currently available).

4.1.2.3 Plant Communities A description of plant communities observed along the Proposed Route in Alberta/JNP is included in Table 5. More detailed information on the location of each observed community is provided in Appendix E. Following is a brief summary of the communities of concern recorded along the Proposed Route in Alberta/JNP.

One occurrence of the S1-ranked white spruce - prickly rose - fern moss (CEAB000020) community was observed along the Proposed Route in Alberta/JNP (approximately KL325.1-325.3). This was the only occurrence of this community type observed on the Proposed Route during the spring/summer 2005 field surveys. Approximately 0.94 ha (26%) of this community is within the Footprint of the Proposed Route.

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The S2S3-ranked white spruce - fern moss (CEAB000070) community was observed in two locations along the Proposed Route in Alberta/JNP (approximately KL 328.0-328.2 and KP/KL 344.8-345.4). Approximately 1.47 ha (17%) of this community is within the Footprint of the Proposed Route.

There were three June grass - pasture sagewort - wild blue flax (CEAB000026) communities observed along the Proposed Route in Alberta/JNP (approximately KP/KL 339.4-339.9, KP/KL 341.8-342.2 and KP/KL 365.7-366.0). These communities are ranked S2S3. One additional June grass - pasture sagewort - wild blue flax community was observed along the Alberta/JNP segment of the Proposed Route at approximately KP/KL 376.3-377.0. This community cannot be considered the rare CEAB000026 community since the abundance of wild blue flax is low and it has a very high density of non-native invasive species including common and red-seed dandelions, yellow and white sweet clovers, narrow- leaved hawk’s beard, peppergrass, dalmatian toadflax, crested wheatgrass and worm-seed wallflower. Despite the abundance of weeds, this community is considered unique because of its close similarity to the rare CEAB000026 community type. Approximately 2.49 ha (11%) of the S2S3-ranked CEAB000026 community is within the Footprint of the Proposed Route in Alberta/JNP, while 1.11 ha (23%) of the unique community is within the Footprint of the Proposed Route.

The silverberry riparian shrubland (CEGL001098) community type was observed at three locations along the Proposed Route in Alberta/JNP (approximately KL 325.1, KL 337.0 and KP/KL 337.4-337.6). This community is on the ANHIC Tracking List, but is currently unranked. Approximately 0.36 ha (24%) of this community type is within the Footprint of the Proposed Route in Alberta/JNP.

The unique Richardson needle grass - kinnikinnick grassland community was observed at approximately KL 396.6-396.7 on the Alberta/JNP segment of the Proposed Route. Approximately 0.9 ha (82%) of this community is within the Footprint of the Proposed Route.

A unique aspen - pine - thimbleberry - veiny meadowrue community was observed along the JNP/Alberta segment of the Proposed Route at approximately KL 405.0-405.1. Approximately 0.04 ha (40%) of this community is within the Footprint of the Proposed Route.

Douglas-fir savannah communities were identified as VECs in the TOR (CEA Agency et al. 2005). This community type was observed at four locations along the Proposed Route in Alberta/JNP (approximately KP/KL 347.8-347.9, KP/KL 350.8-351.3, KP/KL 371.4-371.9 and KP/KL 373.3-374.0). Approximately 5.33 ha (15%) of this VEC community is within the Footprint of the Proposed Route.

4.1.2.4 Non-Native and Invasive Species Spotted knapweed, common toadflax and dalmatian toadflax were the most frequently observed invasive species of concern along the Alberta/JNP segment of the Proposed Route. Spotted knapweed was observed at several locations along Highway 16 (e.g., east and west of the Fiddle River; north of the Pocahontas access; at the old Pocahontas gas station site; south of the Pocahontas ponds; north of the access to Edith and Annette Lakes) and along Wynd Road. Common and dalmatian toadflax were generally observed where the Proposed Route closely parallels the CN Railway. Clematis was observed at three locations along the Proposed Route in JNP (along Highway 16, north of the access to Edith and Annette Lakes; in patches along most of the route adjacent to the Jasper town site; and where the route is adjacent to the Jasper Siding stockpile site). Scentless chamomile was observed at one location adjacent to the CN Railway in JNP. Common tansy was observed along the existing Trans Mountain alignment south of the Hinton Pump Station in Alberta, as well as west of the Jasper townsite near Highway 16. Detailed location information for invasive species of concern observed along the Proposed Route in Alberta/JNP is provided in Appendix F.

4.1.2.5 Salvageable Timber Approximately 7,347 m3 (27% of the total estimated salvageable volume to be cleared) of salvageable timber would be cleared from the Footprint of the Alberta/JNP segment of the Proposed Route (Table 7). The total area that would be cleared on Alberta provincial Crown land is approximately 25 ha, with an average volume of 20 m3 of salvageable timber per hectare. The total area of salvageable timber that

Page 35 Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005 would be cleared within JNP is approximately 40 ha, with an average volume of 171 m3 of salvageable timber per hectare.

4.1.3 Mount Robson Provincial Park / British Columbia (KP 406 to KP 468)

4.1.3.1 Vascular Plants Two species of rare vascular plants were found along the Proposed Route in MRPP and BC (Table 3). Details regarding the locations of these observations are provided in Appendix C.

Skinny moonwort (Botrychium lineare) is not ranked in BC, however, it is likely to be added to the Red list (Penny pers. comm.) and is speculated to have an S1 rank for the purpose of this report. This species grows to 20 cm tall and has a pale green, somewhat thickened leafy blade. The fertile blade is longer than the leafy blade. Plants occur in grassland meadows and open forests with a grass understorey (Williston 2001). Two plants were noted within a 2 m2 area along the Proposed Route within MRPP (approximately KL 416.4) (Plate H33).

Lance-leaved grape fern (Botrychium lanceolatum spp. angustisegmentum) is not ranked in BC, however, it is likely to be added to the Red list (Penny pers. comm.) and is presumed to have an S1 rank for the purpose of this report. It is a 5-25 cm tall, fleshy perennial. The leafy blade is green to pale yellow-green, somewhat shiny, stalkless, triangular-shaped and up to 6 cm long and 10 cm wide. The fertile blade, taller than the sterile blade, has crowded spore clusters on ascending branches. This species occurs on mountain slopes (Kershaw et al. 2001, Moss 1994). One population with more than 20 individuals was found along the Proposed Route in MRPP (approximately KP/KL 406.8) (Plate H34).

4.1.3.2 Nonvascular Plants Three rare nonvascular species (i.e., species with a provincial rank between S1 and S3 or a rare rank) were found along the Proposed Route in MRPP/BC (Table 4, Appendix D). These include one S2-ranked foliose lichen (Physcia stellaris) and two additional foliose lichens considered rare in BC (Solorina saccata and Solorina spongiosa). No rare bryophytes were observed along this segment of the route.

4.1.3.3 Plant Communities A summary of plant communities observed on the Footprint of the Proposed Route in MRPP/BC is included in Table 5. More detailed information on the location of each observed community is provided in Appendix E. Following is a brief description of the communities of concern recorded within the Footprint of the Proposed Route in MRPP/BC.

The Douglas-fir - hybrid white spruce - thimbleberry (SBSdh/06) community was observed at four locations along the Proposed Route in MRPP/BC (approximately KL 424.3-424.4, KL 425.4-425.5, KL 425.5-425.6 and 430.6-430.9). This community is ranked S3 and on the provincial Blue list. Approximately 1.9 ha (27%) of this community type is within the Footprint of the Proposed Route in MRPP/BC.

The unique kinnikinnick blanket slope community observed along the Proposed Route in MRPP (approximately KL 422.2-422.5) is the only occurrence of this community type observed during the 2005 field surveys. Approximately 0.87 ha (74%) of this unique community is within the Footprint of the Proposed Route in MRPP/BC.

The Douglas-fir savannah VEC was observed at one location along the Proposed Route in MRPP/BC (approximately KL 416.7-417.2). Approximately 1.11 ha (19%) of this VEC is within the Footprint of the Proposed Route.

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4.1.3.4 Non-Native and Invasive Species Spotted knapweed was observed along the Proposed Route in MRPP at two locations along the CN Railway. Common toadflax was also observed in MRPP at several locations where the Proposed Route is adjacent to the CN Railway, as well as at the former Terasen Pipelines Pump Station at KP/KL 406 and where the route bisects the proposed temporary construction facility site at KL 458.8. Common tansy was observed in patches in MRPP where the Proposed Route parallels the CN Railway at the proposed temporary construction facility site at approximately KL 431.4. Detailed location information for invasive species of concern observed along the Proposed Route in MRPP/BC is provided in Appendix F.

4.1.3.5 Salvageable Timber Approximately 19,458 m3 (73% of the total estimated volume to be cleared from the overall Proposed Route) of salvageable timber would be removed from the MRPP/BC portion of the Proposed Route. The total area cleared that would be cleared from the proposed Footprint within MRPP/BC is approximately 102 ha, with an average volume of 190 m3 of salvageable timber per hectare. Approximately 97 ha would be cleared from Footprint of the Proposed Route in MRPP, with an average volume of 197 m3 per hectare. Approximately 5 ha would be cleared from Footprint of the Proposed Route on lands west of the MRPP boundary with an average volume of 57 m3 per hectare.

4.2 Existing Route

4.2.1 Overall Project Many rare and unique plant species and communities were identified during the summer field surveys. In total for the Existing Route, seven S1 ranked species, fifteen S2 ranked species and two S3 ranked species were found in 103 rare vascular plant species locations (Table 9). A total of 111 rare nonvascular plant populations were recorded, which include 17 S1 species, 26 S2 species, 17 S3 species and one additional species considered rare in BC (Table 10). There were 14 plant communities of concern (Table 11) identified along the Existing Route during the 2005 field surveys.

4.2.1.1 Vascular Plants Twenty-four species of rare vascular plants (i.e., species with a provincial rank between S1 and S3) were found along the Existing Route throughout the overall Project (Appendix C). One currently unranked species with a suggested new rank of S1 (Eleocharis mamillata) was also observed. Specimens for two additional species have been sent out for verification by experts, including an Arenaria sp. and a Euphrasia sp. No COSEWIC Special Concern, Threatened or Endangered plant species was found on the Existing Route. In addition, no SARA Schedule 1 or Schedule 2 plant species were found along the Existing Route. Canada anemone (Anemone canadensis) was observed along the Existing Route, and is the only occurrence of a VEC species identified by the TOR (CEA Agency et al. 2005) recorded along the both routes during the 2005 field investigations. A summary of rare vascular plant locations observed along the Existing Route is provided in Appendix C.

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TABLE 9

RARE VASCULAR PLANT OBSERVATIONS ALONG THE EXISTING ROUTE

Provincial Global Number of Common Name Scientific Name Rank Designation1 Growth Form Occurrences Alberta/Jasper National Park sandwort1 Arenaria sp. unknown unknown perennial with stolons 1 Sitka columbine Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 stout perennial herb from 28 (S2S3)2 branched rhizomes ascending grape fern Botrychium ascendens S1 G2G4 1 (S2?)2 fleshy perennial herb scalloped moonwort Botrychium crenulatum S1 G3 perennial herb 1 lance-leaved grape fern Botrychium lanceolatum ssp. S2 G5 perennial herb 1 angustisegmentum (S2S3)2 Mingan grape fern Botrychium minganense S2S3 G4 perennial herb 6 (SU)2 northwestern grape fern Botrychium pinnatum S1 G4? perennial herb 2 spathulate grape fern Botrychium spathulatum S2 G2G3 fleshy perennial herb 3 alpine harebell Campanula uniflora S2 G4 small, perennial herb from taproot 1 Crawe's sedge Carex crawei S2 G5 perennial herb from slender 2 rhizomes seaside sedge Carex incurviformis var. S2 G4G5 low, creeping perennial herb; 1 incurviformis stems solitary from longs, scaly, tough rhizomes and stolons Parry's sedge Carex parryana var. parryana S1S2 G4T4 loosely tufted perennial herb from 1 (S3W)2 long rhizomes green saxifrage Chrysosplenium tetrandrum S3W G5 rhizomatous perennial herb 3 (S3T)2 mamillate spikerush Eleocharis mamillata SNR G4? perennial 1 (S1)2 eyebright1 Euphrasia sp. unknown unknown annual 1 mountain mare's-tail Hippuris montana S1 G4 aquatic or amphibious perennial 1 herb from slender rhizomes thread rush Juncus filiformis S2S3 G5 perennial; grows in ROWs or 2 (S3, drop)2 small clumps from slender rhizomes broad-lipped twayblade Listera convallarioides S2 G5 perennial from fibrous roots 1 Nootka lupine Lupinus nootkatensis S3W G5 perennial herb 3 small northern grass-of-parnassus Parnassia parviflora S2 G4 perennial herb from short erect to 13 (S3W)2 ascending rhizomes western ribgrass Plantago canescens S2 G4G5 tufted perennial herb from thick, 14 (S3W)2 elongated taproot Hooker's cinquefoil Potentilla hookeriana S2 G4 perennial herb from thick, 7 ascending rhizomes early buttercup Ranunculus glaberrimus S2 G5 perennial 1 woolly willow Salix lanata ssp. calcicola S1 G4 perennial / shrub 2 (S1S2)2 dwarf bulrush Trichophorum pumilum S2 G5 perennial herb from short 5 (S3W)2 rhizomes MRPP/BC slenderleaf sundew Drosera linearis unverified - G4 insectivorous perennial herb; from 2 S1/Red winter resting buds Canada anemone Anemone canadensis S2S3 G5 perennial from short rhizome 1 Blue lance-leaved grape-fern Botrychium lanceolatum ssp. unverified - G5T4 perennial herb 1 angustisegmentum S1/Red Note: 1 Euphrasia sp. and Arenaria sp. specimens are currently undergoing verification by experts. These specimens have been tentatively identified as rare. 2 New suggested rank based on discussion at workshop held by the Alberta Natural Heritage Information Centre (ANHIC) in April 2005. This new rank is not officially published by ANHIC and is subject to further review and changes. Therefore official ranks published by ANHIC (2002) are used in this document.

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4.2.1.2 Nonvascular Plants A brief description of the categories of bryophytes and lichens recorded along the Existing Route is provided in Section 4.1.1.2. Eleven rare moss species and nine liverwort species were observed, however, no rare hornworts were recorded along the Existing Route (Table 10).

Multiclavula vernalis and Omphalina umbelifera were the only bascidio-lichens observed along the Existing Route.

The following crustose lichens were identified on the Existing Route: Aspicilia contorta, Endocarpon fusillum, Fulgensia bracteata, Fuscopannaria praetermiss, Psora cerebriformis, Psora decipiens, Psora globifera, Psora himalayana, Psora tuckermanii, Solorinella asteriscus, Squamarina lentigera, Toninia alutacea, Toninia sedifolia, Toninia subdiffracta and Toninia tristis ssp. tristis.

The following foliose lichens were identified on the Existing Route; Collema coccophorum, Collema, crispum, Collema cristatum, Collema subflaccidum, Collema tenax, Dematocarpon miniatum, Leptogium gelatinosum, Leptogium hirsutum, Leptogium lichenoides, Nephroma helveticum, Peltigera horizontalis, Peltigera neckeri, Phaeophyscia ciliata, Phaeophyscia constipata, Phaeophyscia hirsuta, Phaeophyscia hispidula, Physcia stellaris, Solorina saccata, Solorina spongiosa and Xanthoparmelia wyomingica.

The following fruticose lichens were identified on the Existing Route; Agrestia hispida, Anaptychia setifera, Bryoria simplicior, Baeomyces rufus, Evernia divaricata, Phaeocalicium populneum, Ramalina americana and Ramalina sinensis.

A total of 61 species of rare nonvascular plants (i.e., species with a provincial rank between S1 and S3 or a “rare” listing) were found along the Existing Route throughout the overall Project (Table 10). One additional moss species (Encalypta sp.), which has been tentatively identified as a rare species, in addition to nine lichen species are currently undergoing verification by an expert. Two additional unranked (tracked) lichen species were observed (Ramalina americana and Ramalina sinensis) and two lichen species that are believed to be new records for the province (Multiclavula vernalis and Toninia subdiffracta) were observed (provincial ranks not currently available). No COSEWIC Special Concern, Threatened or Endangered species, SARA listed species, or VEC species identified in the TOR (CEA Agency et al. 2005) were found along the Existing Route. A summary of rare nonvascular plant locations observed along the Existing Route is provided in Appendix D.

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TABLE 10

RARE NONVASCULAR PLANT OBSERVATIONS ALONG THE EXISTING ROUTE

Provincial Global Number of Scientific Name Rank Designation1 Growth Form Occurrences BRYOPHYTES Alberta / Jasper National Park Aloina brevirostris S2 G3G5 Moss 3 Aloina rigida S2 G3G5 Moss 1 Aulacomnium androgynum S2 G5 Moss 1 Bartramia pomiformis S2 G5 Moss 1 Buxbaumia aphylla S2 G4G5 Moss 1 S2S3 2 Cephalozia pleniceps (S3) 2 G5 Liverwort 2 Didymodon rigidulus S2 G5 Moss Didymodon vinealis S1 G5 Moss 3 Encalypta sp.1 unknown unknown Moss 3 Fissidens grandifrons S2 G3G5 Moss 1 Gymnocolea inflata S1 G5 Liverwort 1 Lophocolea heterophylla S3 G5 Liverwort 1 Lophozia longidens S2 G5 Liverwort 1 Mannia fragrans S1 G5 Liverwort 3 Moerckia hibernica S1S2 G4? Liverwort 1 Orthotrichum pylaisii S2 G4G5 Moss 1 S2 3 Pellia neesiana (S1S2) 2 G5 Liverwort Pterygoneurum ovatum S1 G5 Moss 2 Riccardia multifida S3? G5 Liverwort 3 Syntrichia (Tortula) caninervis S1 G5? Moss 2 Tritomaria exsectiformis S3 G5 Liverwort 1 MRPP / BC - -- - - LICHENS Alberta / Jasper National Park Agrestia hispida S2S3 G3 fruticose lichen 2 Anaptychia setifera S2 G3G4 fruticose lichen 3 Aspicilia contorta S1 G5 crustose lichen 1 Baeomyces rufus S2 G5 fruticose lichen 1 Bryoria simplicior S2S3 G3G5 fruticose lichen 1 Collema coccophorum S1 G3G5 foliose lichen 1 Collema crispum S2 GNR foliose lichen 1 Collema cristatum S1 G3G5 foliose lichen 1 Collema subflaccidum S2 G5 foliose lichen 1 Collema tenax S3 G3G5 foliose lichen 2 Dermatocarpon miniatum S3 G3G5 foliose lichen 1 Endocarpon pusillum S2 G5 crustose lichen 4 Evernia divaricata S3 G4G5 fruticose lichen 1 Fulgensia bracteata S3 G5 crustose lichen 1 Fuscopannaria praetermiss S3 G5 crustose lichen 3 Leptogium gelatinosum S2 G3G4 foliose lichen 1 Leptogium hirsutum S1? G5? foliose lichen 1 Leptogium lichenoides S2S3 G5 foliose lichen 1 Multiclavula vernalis unknown 3 GNR bascidio-lichen 1 Nephroma helveticum S1S2 G4G5 foliose lichen 1 Omphalina umbellifera S1 GNR bascidio-lichen 1 Peltigera horizontalis S1S2 G5 foliose lichen 1 Peltigera neckeri S3 G4G5 foliose lichen 1 Phaeocalicium populneum S3 GNR micro-fruticose lichen 1 Phaeophyscia ciliata S3 G4G5 foliose lichen 2

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TABLE 10 Cont'd

Provincial Global Number of Scientific Name Rank Designation1 Growth Form Occurrences Phaeophyscia constipata S3 G3 foliose lichen 2 Phaeophyscia hirsuta S1 G3 foliose lichen 2 Phaeophyscia hispidula S3 G4G5 foliose lichen 3 Psora cerebriformis S1 G4G5 crustose lichen 1 Psora decipiens S3 G5 crustose lichen 1 Psora globifera S1S2 G4G5 crustose lichen 1 Psora himalayana S2 G3G5 crustose lichen 2 Psora tuckermanii S2 G5 crustose lichen 1 Ramalina americana SU G4G5 fruticose lichen 1 Ramalina sinensis SU G4G5 fruticose lichen 2 Solorina spongiosa S2 G3G5 foliose lichen 3 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR crustose lichen 15 Squamarina lentigera S3 G3G5 crustose lichen 1 Toninia alutacea S2 G4G5 crustose lichen 1 Toninia sedifolia S3 G5 crustose lichen 2 Toninia subdiffracta unknown 3 G2G3 crustose lichen 1 Toninia tristis ssp. tristis S2 G3G5 crustose lichen 2 Xanthoparmelia wyomingica S3 G4 foliose lichen 1 MRPP / BC Physcia stellaris S2 4 G5 foliose lichen 1 Solorina saccata rare 4 G3G5 foliose lichen 2 Solorina spongiosa rare 4 G3G5 foliose lichen 2 Notes: 1 Encalypta sp. specimens are currently undergoing verification by an expert. The species has been tentatively identified as rare. 2 New suggested rank based on discussion at workshop held by the Alberta Natural Heritage Information Centre (ANHIC) in April 2005. This new rank is not officially published by ANHIC and is subject to further review and changes. Therefore official ranks published by ANHIC (2002) are used in this document. 3 Species is believed to be a new record for Alberta. Species ranks cannot be determined at this time. 4 Species is not currently listed by the BC CDC, therefore the rank given in Lichens of British Columbia: Rare Species and Priorities for Inventory (Goward 1995) is used.

4.2.1.3 Plant Communities A total of 7 community types and 14 plant communities considered rare, unique or VECs were recorded within the Footprint of the Existing Route during field studies conducted in spring/summer 2005 (Table 11). In addition to communities listed by ANHIC or the BC CDC as having provincial (S) ranks between S1 and S3 or a red or blue designation, VEC plant communities as identified by the TOR (CEA Agency et al. 2005) and communities identified in the field as being unique to the Project Footprint or LSA were recorded. In some instances, vegetation communities had most or all of the characteristic features of a provincially listed rare plant community, but could not be considered to fit under the category of the rare community due to high levels of non-native species. In these cases, the community was recorded as a unique community. Following is a description of each rare, sensitive or unique community type observed along the Existing Route. A summary of locations of rare, sensitive, unique and VEC communities observed along the Existing Route is provided in Appendix E.

Grassland Communities The June grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax (Koeleria macrantha – Artemisia frigida – Linum lewisii) community identified by ANHIC as CEAB000026 and ranked as S2S3 in Alberta is described in detail in Section 4.1.1.3 above. The similar unique June grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax grassland community (identified as “KOELMAC grassland” on the Vegetation Environmental Resource Maps, Appendix G) is also described in Section 4.1.1.3. These grassland community types were only observed along the Alberta/JNP segment of the Existing Route.

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Open Forest / Savannah Communities Douglas-fir savannah communities are established in the TOR (CEA Agency et al. 2005) as a VEC, and were defined for this study as open grassland communities sparsely interspersed with mature Douglas-fir (identified as PSEUMEN savannah on the Vegetation Environmental Resource Maps, Appendix G). Douglas-fir savannahs were observed at four locations along the Existing Route, and were recorded only along the Alberta/JNP segment. A detailed description of this community type is included in Section 4.1.1.3.

Forest Communities The white spruce – fern moss community type identified by ANHIC as CEAB000070 and listed in Alberta as S2S3 was observed at one location along the Existing Route in JNP. A detailed description of the community type is included in Section 4.1.1.3.

The lodgepole pine – velvet-leaved blueberry – cladonia (Pinus contorta – Vaccinium myrtilloides – Cladonia spp.) community identified as SBSdh/02 was observed at one location along the Existing Route in MRPP. This community type is ranked S2/Red in BC (BC MSRM and MWLAP 2005) and was observed on a very rapidly drained slope crest with sandy soils. Lodgepole pine was the only tree species observed in the overstory, although a dead trembling aspen is present in the middle of the community. Dominant shrubs include prickly rose, velvet leaf blueberry (Vaccinium myrtilloides), birch-leaved spiraea (Spiraea betulifolia), common juniper, bog cranberry, twinflower and kinnikinnick. Slender wheatgrass and bunchberry occur in the herbaceous layer. A diverse moss and lichen community is present, including Dicranum spp., frosted cladonia (Cladonia ecmocyna), grey reindeer lichen (Cladina rangifernia), yellow reindeer lichen (Cladina mitis), Cladonia uncialis, freckle pelt lichen (Peltigera aphthosa), veinless pelt (Peltigera malacea), juniper hair cap moss (Polytrichum juniperinum), red-stemmed feather moss, and stair-step moss (Hylocomium splendens) (Plate H35).

Mature (old growth) western redcedar / western hemlock stands were identified by the TOR (CEA Agency et al. 2005) as a VEC. Although mature western redcedar and western hemlock individuals were observed sporadically along the route, they are generally a subdominant component of the communities encountered within the Footprint. Individuals of these tree species growing within predominantly spruce, pine or deciduous stands, as well as western redcedar / western hemlock stands of a younger seral stage (e.g., where western redcedar was observed in the subcanopy as the dominant species) were not considered to qualify as the VECs described in the TOR.

Mature (old growth) Douglas-fir stands were identified by the TOR (CEA Agency et al. 2005) as a VEC. Although Douglas-fir was observed through much of the footprint, it was generally a minor or co-dominant component of the canopy. In these stands, white spruce, trembling aspen and subalpine fir were typically the dominant and co-dominant canopy species. No stands with mature Douglas-fir as the predominant species were recorded.

Wetland and Riparian Communities Silverberry riparian shrubland (CEGL001098) communities were observed at three locations along the Existing Route along the Alberta/JNP segment. This community type is ranked SU. Additional details about this community type are included in Section 4.1.1.3.

A unique calcareous fen community was observed on the Existing Route in MRPP (approximately KP 424.8). This wetland is similar to the SBSdh/Wf10 tufted clubrush/ golden star-moss (Trichophorum caespitosum/ Campylium stellatum) community described in Wetlands of British Columbia: A Guide to Identification (MacKenzie and Moran 2004), however, it is not a true fit to that community description. The SBSdh/Wf10 community type is ranked S2/Red in BC. Although the observed community cannot be considered the equivalent to the S2/Red listed SBSdh/Wf10, it is considered a unique and sensitive community (Cadrin pers. comm.). The observed calcareous fen community occurs in a poorly drained depressional area with marl deposits. Dominant species include livid sedge (Carex livida), bog sedge (Carex magellanica), marsh horsetail (Equisetum palustre) and mosses. Shrub cover is sparse and includes bog birch and willows. The rare species slenderleaf sundew was observed in this wetland community (Plate H36).

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Calcareous wetlands are relatively common in the Project area, due to the presence of strongly calcareous soils developed on local limestone parent material. These wetlands are characterized by cold inflowing groundwater (with basic [alkaline] pH) containing dissolved calcium and magnesium creating ecological conditions favourable to supporting certain calciphiles (calcium-tolerant plants) (TERA/Westland and R.U. Kistritz Consultants Ltd. 2005.). Although there is little documentation of rare plant communities associated with calcareous wetlands in mountainous terrain in Alberta and BC (Allen 2005, MacKenzie and Moran 2004), this is believed to be the result of limited investigations and studies as opposed to an indication of the abundance and sensitivity of such communities. Several rare vascular plant species of concern were observed during the 2005 field studies that appear to be associated with calcareous wetlands (e.g., dwarf bulrush, small northern grass-of-parnassus, Crawe’s sedge and slenderleaf sundew). Preliminary results of the non-vascular field surveys also indicate that calcareous wetlands provide habitat for a substantial number of rare non-vascular species observed along the routes (additional information will be incorporated once complete non-vascular data is available). Considering these factors, calcareous wetlands are considered to be relatively sensitive features in terms of providing habitat for rare plants and potentially rare communities.

TABLE 11

PLANT COMMUNITIES OF CONCERN OBSERVED ALONG THE EXISTING ROUTE

Provincial Number of Common Name/Community Code1 Scientific Name Rank Global Rank Occurrences Alberta/Jasper National Park June grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax Koeleria macrantha – Artemisia frigida – S2S3 GNR 3 CEAB000026 Linum lewisii White spruce - fern moss Picea glauca - Thuidium abietinum S2S3 GNR 1 CEAB000070 Silverberry riparian shrubland Elaeagnus commutata riparian shrubland SU G2Q 3 CEGL001098 June grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax Koeleria macrantha – Artemisia frigida – Linum UNIQUE GNR 1 KOELMAC grassland lewisii Douglas-fir savannah Pseudotsuga menziesii savannah ecosystem VEC GNR 4 PSEUMEN savannah Mount Robson Provincial Park/BC Lodgepole pine - velvet-leaved blueberry - clad Pinus contorta - Vaccinium myrtilloides - S2/Red GNR 1 lichens Cladonia spp. SBSdh1/02 Unique Calcareous Wetland --- UNIQUE GNR 1 SBSdh/Wf10 Note: 1 Community Codes are derived from the ANHIC Preliminary Plant Community Tracking List (Allen 2005) or BGC Ecosystem Classification System where possible. Other codes were assigned based on the dominant species or unique feature characteristic of the community. 4.2.1.4 Non-Native and Invasive Species Approximately 4,750 occurrences of invasive species were recorded during the spring/summer 2005 field surveys. As a result, mapping and tabular presentation of all records were not feasible. Eleven weed species were identified from the overall list as being of particular concern for the Project (i.e., for developing appropriate mitigation to prevent spread of weed infestations, monitoring and control of infestations) (Table 6). These eleven species were selected based on their designation by the Alberta Weed Regulation (AAFRD 2002), the BC Weed Control Act (BC MAFF 2001), the NWIPC (2005) and the JNP Field Identification Guide for non-native plants in JNP (McPhee et al. 2005). Species with restricted designations were prioritized first. Additional species with noxious and extremely or very invasive listings were also included. BC Parks has identified those species listed on the NWIPC Invasive Plant Categories list (NWIPC 2005) as the main species of management concern in MRPP (Rockwell pers. comm.). A complete list of all non-native species recorded during the 2005 field investigations (including introduced weeds as well as invasive agronomics and native species) is provided in Appendix F.

Extensive populations of several invasive non-native species such as oxeye daisy and Canada thistle were recorded over most of the disturbed areas along the Existing Route. Since there were very few

Page 43 Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005 locations where these species did not occur, they were not included in the list of eleven priority species for this report. Of the eleven priority species listed in Table 6, common toadflax and common tansy were the only species observed along both the Alberta/JNP and MRPP/BC segments of the Existing Route. Spotted knapweed, dalmatian toadflax, clematis, field scabious and scentless chamomile were also observed along the Alberta/JNP segment of the Existing Route. No additional species were observed along the MRPP/BC segment of the Existing Route.

4.2.1.5 Salvageable Timber Salvageable forest cover types along the Existing Route are not substantially different from those along the Proposed Route, since the separation between the routes is generally small. Cover types range from open pine and Douglas-fir stands to more densely populated pine and spruce forests. Average age and size of stand types are variable along the route, although there is a general tendency for size and age to increase from east to west. The average stand age on Alberta provincial Crown lands encountered by the Existing Route is 75 years with an average tree height of 8 m (Alberta Energy and Natural Resources 1983). No stand ages are available for JNP but average tree height is approximately 20 m. Trees in MRPP have an average age of 97 years and the average tree age in BC west of the MRPP park boundary is 155 years of age (BC MSRM 2004b). The average tree height along the MRPP/BC portion of the Existing Route is 23 m.

The approximate area to be cleared for the Existing Route and calculated salvageable timber volumes are listed in Table 12. The Project would remove approximately 25,342 m3 of salvageable coniferous and deciduous timber from the Footprint of the Existing Route.

TABLE 12

SALVAGEABLE TIMBER ESTIMATES FOR THE EXISTING ROUTE

Existing Route Parameter AB/JNP MRPP/BC Overall Area to be Cleared1 62 ha 105 ha 167 ha Coniferous Salvageable Volume 6,306 m3 16,343 m3 22,649 m3 Deciduous Salvageable Volume 549 m3 2,144 m3 2,693 m3 TOTAL Salvageable Volume 6,855 m3 18,487 m3 25,342 m3 Note: 1 Area to be cleared refers to area of salvageable timber to be cleared (not the total area of the footprint). Areas with unsalvageable timber (e.g., clearings, shrubby areas, very young stands, etc.) are excluded from the area to be cleared.

4.2.1.6 Ecological Land Classification Community Types on the Existing Route The percentage of rare species observed within the wetland, shrub and riparian forest, grassland and dry slope, pine forest, aspen and balsam poplar forest, and the cedar forest community types are not substantially different than the percentage of the route within those community types (Table 13). However, a much larger percentage of rare species was found on the Existing Route in the wetland, shrub and riparian forest ELC community type than would be expected for the percentage of the route that falls within the community type. This would suggest that the wetland, shrub and riparian forest ELC community type contains more suitable habitat for rare plants than others community types encountered by the Existing Route. Conversely, the Douglas-fir and white spruce forest community has a much smaller percentage of rare species found than the percentage of the route within this community type. This suggests that the habitat available in the Douglas-fir and white spruce forest community is less suitable for rare plants than other community types along the Existing Route.

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TABLE 13

ELC COMMUNITY TYPES ON THE EXISTING ROUTE

Percent of Percent of Existing Rare Community Type Route Species Ecosite1 Description Wetland, Shrub and Riparian Forest 24 44 VL1 sedge fen, wet shrubby meadow, wet shrub thicket VL3 white spruce, wet shrubby meadow, wet shrub thicket VL4 white spruce forest VL5 wet shrub thicket Douglas-fir and White Spruce 28 15 CA1 spruce-fir, open spruce, open spruce-fir, wet shrubby meadow, birch Forest fen NY1 Douglas fir, pine/buffaloberry forest NY3 white spruce-Douglas fir, pine/buffaloberry open Douglas fir, low shrub-herb meadow, Douglas fir DV2 white spruce forest HD2 open white spruce forest HD3 white spruce, spruce-Douglas fir forest TA3 spruce forest CA2 spruce fir forest Grassland and Dry Slope 6 7 AT3 grassland; subxeric pine forest HD4 grassland with subxeric pine TA2 grassland, low shrub-herb meadow Pine Forest 30 27 AT1 subxeric pine, pine/buffaloberry forest BV1 lodgepole pine forest FR1 pine/buffaloberry forest PR1 mesic pine forest PT1 pine/buffaloberry forest PT3 subxeric pine, pine/buffaloberry forest PT5 mesic pine, pine/buffaloberry black spruce-pine, open spruce forest Aspen and Balsam Poplar Forest 9 7 HD1 aspen forest PT4 aspen forest Cedar Forest 3 0 BD3 paper birch - red osier dogwood RA4 mesic cedar - hemlock - false azalea and moss forest RA3 mesic paper birch - cedar-false azalea-moss forest RD4 cedar-black cottonwood (balsam poplar) - devil’s club forest Note: 1 Based on cross-walked ELC (Timberline Forest Inventory Consultants Ltd. 2005).

4.2.2 Alberta / Jasper National Park (KP 310 to KP 406)

4.2.2.1 Vascular Plants Twenty-two species of rare vascular plants (i.e., species with a provincial rank between S1 and S3) were found along the segment of the Existing Route in Alberta and JNP during the 2005 field surveys (Table 9). Although Eleocharis mamillata was not counted in the tabulation of rare species since it is currently unranked (SNR), it has been included in the following species descriptions because ANHIC has suggested a new rank of S1 be assigned. Specimens for two additional species have been sent out for verification by experts, including an Arenaria sp. and a Euphrasia sp. Detailed information regarding the location of rare vascular plant populations observed on the Existing Route is provided in Appendix C. Following is a brief description of species observed along the Existing Route in Alberta/JNP during the 2005 field surveys.

Sitka columbine (Aquilegia formosa), ranked as S2 in Alberta, is a stout perennial herb with rhizomes. It has showy red and yellow flowers that are usually nodding, with straight spurs (Moss 1994). The fruits are upright groups of 5 pod-like fruits that open on the inner side (Kershaw et al. 2001). Twenty-eight

Page 45 Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005 populations were found along the Existing Route within JNP (ranging from approximately KP/KL 352.2 to KP 405.2).

Ascending grape fern (Botrychium ascendens) is ranked S1 in Alberta and G2G3 globally. This species is 5-15 cm tall. It has a leafy blade with up to five pairs of well-separated leaf lobes with toothed margins. The fertile blade is equal to twice the height of the leafy blade. This species occurs in grassy fields, roadside clearings and wetland meadows from low elevation to the subalpine (Williston 2001). One population containing seven plants were found in a spruce/aspen mixedwood stand along the Existing Route within JNP (approximately KP 398.9) (Plate H37).

Scalloped moonwort (Botrychium crenulatum), ranked as S1 in Alberta, is a small fleshy perennial herb that grows in wet areas in the mountains. It has a thin yellow-greenish sterile blade that has up to 5 pairs of spreading, well-separated segments (Kershaw et al. 2001). Its fertile blade is once or twice-divided, appears in mid to late spring and dies in late summer. One plant was found outside JNP along the Alberta portion of the Existing Route (approximately KP/KL 319.7).

Lance-leaved grape fern (Botrychium lanceolatum spp. angustisegmentum) is ranked S2 in Alberta, and S1 and on the Red list in BC. It is a 5-25 cm tall, fleshy perennial. The leafy blade is green to pale yellow- green, somewhat shiny, stalkless, triangular-shaped and up to 6 cm long and 10 cm wide. The fertile blade, taller than the sterile blade, has crowded spore clusters on ascending branches. This species occurs on mountain slopes (Kershaw et al. 2001, Moss 1994). One plant was noted along the Existing Route within JNP (approximately KP/KL 385.1).

Mingan grape fern (Botrychium minganense) is ranked S2S3 in Alberta. This perennial grows up to 30 cm tall and has a dull yellow-green, linear leafy blade which is divided into up to 10 pairs of horizontal to spreading segments. The fertile blade appears in spring through summer. It grows at elevations up to 3,700 m and in a variety of habitats (Kershaw et al. 2001). Six populations were found along the Existing Route within JNP (ranging from approximately KP 338.8 to KP/KL 405.9).

Northwestern grape fern (Botrychium pinnatum) is ranked S1 in Alberta. It is an 8-15 cm tall fleshy perennial. The sterile blade is shiny bright green, stalkless, oblong, and up to 8 cm long and 5 cm wide. The fertile blade is twice-divided and 1-2 times as long as the sterile blade. This species occurs in open, moist to mesic sites in montane, subalpine and alpine zones (Kershaw et al. 2001). Two populations were found along the Existing Route within JNP. One population contained over 50 plants (approximately KP/KL 385.0-385.1), while the other population was much smaller and contained only two plants in a 4 m2 area on the edge of a wetland (approximately KP 403.7).

Spathulate grape fern (Botrychium spathulatum), ranked as S2 in Alberta, is a small fleshy perennial herb that grows in fields and grassy openings in the mountains (Kershaw et al. 2001). It has a nearly stalkless, leathery sterile blade that is shiny yellow-green in colour, triangular in outline and is divided into as many as 8 pairs of ascending segments (Kershaw et al. 2001). Three populations were found along the Existing Route in Alberta/JNP (approximately KP/KL 314.1, KP/KL 344.3 and KP/KL 345.9).

Alpine harebell (Campanula uniflora) is ranked S2 in Alberta. This hairless perennial is 10 cm tall or less, with spatulate-shaped lower leaves that are 2-3 cm long and linear upper leaves. Single flowers occur on each plant and are pale blue-purple, funnel-shaped, and 5-10 mm long. This plant grows on exposed, stony alpine slopes and blooms from July to August (Kershaw et al. 2001, Moss 1994). One population with 12 plants was found along the Existing Route within JNP (approximately KP/KL 345.9).

Crawe's sedge (Carex crawei), ranked as S2 in Alberta, is a perennial herb with stiff but slender stems 5 to 30 cm tall. The plant is found singly or in small clumps, and arises from rhizomes (Kershaw et al. 2001. The flower clusters are 2 to 5 widely spaced stalked spikes, with the uppermost spike containing only male flowers. Two populations of Crawe's sedge were found in calcareous fens or wetlands along the Existing Route within JNP (approximately KP/KL 337.9-338.0 and KP/KL 362.2).

Seaside sedge (Carex incurviformis var. incurviformis), ranked as S2 in Alberta, is a low perennial herb with solitary stems. The plant is found in gravely alpine areas, salt marshes and river flats, and arises from rhizomes and stolons (Kershaw et al. 2001). The flower spikes are stalkless, with male flowers at the

Page 46 Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005 tip. The lens-shaped seed-like fruits are about 1.5 mm long. One population containing 12 plants was found along the Existing Route within JNP (approximately KP 337.6).

Parry’s sedge (Carex parryana var. parryana) is ranked S1S2 in Alberta. This loosely tufted sedge is 15- 40 cm tall. Slender, stiffly erect stems exceed the thin, stiff leaves which are clustered near the base. There are 3-5 seed spikes that are oblong. Scales conceal the seeds and are dark reddish brown with whitish margins and a prominent midvein. This plant occurs in moist open meadows, swales and low ground near water, from the plains to moderate elevations in the mountains (Moss 1994, Kershaw et al. 2001). One population containing six plants was noted along the Existing Route within JNP (approximately KP 337.0) (Plate H38).

Green saxifrage (Chrysosplenium tetrandrum) is ranked as S3 and is on the Watch List in Alberta. It is a perennial herb less than 20 cm tall that grows on moist shady banks (Moss 1994). It has round to kidney- shaped leaves and branches near the top of the plants producing lobed green flowering bracts and sepals, with no petals. The capsule splits to reveal numerous light reddish-brown smooth seeds (Moss 1994). Three populations, each containing hundreds of plants, were found along the Existing Route within JNP (approximately KP/KL 383.7 and two populations near KP/KL 383.8).

Mamillate spikerush (Eleocharis mamillata) is unranked in Alberta, although ANHIC has suggested an S1 rank be assigned this species. This is a mat-forming 10-50 cm tall perennial with a round, spongy, leafless stem. The solitary seed head occurs at the end of the stem, is 5-20 mm long and has 5-80 seeds that are yellow to dark brown. Each seed has bristles around it that are longer than the seed. This species occurs at fresh lakeshores, shallow ponds, streams, floating mats, bogs, fens, and ditches (Flora of North America Editorial Committee 2005). One population was found along the Existing Route within JNP (approximately KP/KL 331.9).

Mountain mare's-tail (Hippuris montana), ranked as S1 in Alberta, is an aquatic or amphibious perennial herb with delicate unbranched stems and slender rhizomes. its pointed, linear leaves are 5 to 10 mm long, and grow in whorls of 5 to 8 (Kershaw et al. 2001). Mountain mare's-tail has been found in moist open sites along streams and on mossy banks. One population of mountain mare's-tail was observed growing within the intermittently-flooded shoreline of a fen, along the Existing Route within JNP (approximately KP/KL 331.5).

Thread rush (Juncus filiformis) is ranked S2S3 in Alberta. It is a 10-60 cm tall, slender, round-stemmed plant with basal leaves that are reduced to sheaths or short bristles. The seed spikelets appear mid-way up the stem, and are 5-10 flowered, open, and 1-3 cm high. The flower segments are 2.5-3.5 mm long and are green with translucent margins. This species flowers in June and July and occurs in bogs, fens and marshes (Moss 1994, Kershaw et al. 2001). Two populations were found along the Existing Route within JNP (approximately KP/KL 388.7 and KP/KL 388.8) (Plate H39).

Broad-lipped twayblade (Listera convallarioides) is ranked S2 in Alberta. This species is an 8-20 cm tall orchid with one pair of broadly oval, 3-5 cm long leaves, near the middle of the stem. The flowers are yellowish green, 4-5 mm long, with three lance-shaped bracts and 2 petals all bent backwards above one wedge-shaped, notched lower petal. This species blooms from July to September and occurs in boggy woods and meadows (Moss 1994, Kershaw et al. 2001). One population with more than 25 individuals was found along the Existing Route within JNP (approximately KP/KL 352.3).

Nootka lupine (Lupinus nootkatensis) is ranked S3 and is on the Watch list in Alberta. This perennial grows 30-120 cm tall and has white, spreading hairs on the stem. Stem leaves are 2-7 cm long, have 5-9 leaflets and are hairy below. The flowering stems are 5-20 cm long, with blue (rarely white) flowers that are each 15-20 mm long. Pods are 3-6 cm long. Nootka lupine occurs in open forest areas at subalpine elevations (Moss 1994). Three populations were noted along the Existing Route within JNP (approximately KP 400.2, KP 403.9 and KP 405.3).

Small northern grass-of-parnassus (Parnassia parviflora), ranked as S2 in Alberta, is a perennial herb 5 to 30 cm tall, with long, narrowly egg-shaped leaves that do not clasp its stem. It has white flowers with yellowish or greenish veins, with 5 clusters of specialized, gland-tipped staminoidea in addition to 5 petals and 5 sepals (Kershaw et al. 2001). Thirteen populations were found along the Existing Route in Alberta/JNP (ranging from approximately KP/KL 317.6 to KP 402.2).

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Western ribgrass (Plantago canescens), ranked as S2 in Alberta, is a tufted perennial herb with leafless woolly-hairy stems (Kershaw et al. 2001). The leaves are narrow and lance-shaped and are clustered from the base. Fourteen populations were noted along the Existing Route within JNP (ranging from approximately KP/KL 354.1 to KP/KL 372.6).

Hooker's cinquefoil (Potentilla hookeriana), ranked as S2 in Alberta, is a small perennial herb with yellow flowers that grows on dry, rocky alpine slopes (Kershaw et al. 2001). Its leaves are divided into three leaflets that are densely wooly-hairy on their undersurface. Seven populations were noted along the Existing Route within JNP (ranging from approximately KP 327.1 to KP/KL 363.1).

Early buttercup (Ranunculus glaberrimus), ranked as S2 in Alberta, is a hairless perennial herb usually less than 10 cm tall. The yellow saucer-shaped flowers have 5 separate sepals and 5 petals, which have a nectar-producing pit at the base (Kershaw et al. 2001). The mainly basal leaves are nearly round to narrowly egg-shaped and are sometimes three-lobed. One population was found along the Existing Route in Alberta (approximately KP/KL 312.4).

Woolly willow (Salix lanata ssp. calcicola) is ranked S1 (S1S2) in Alberta. This is a low shrub up to 50 cm tall that has gnarled, reddish brown branches. Leaves are broadly ovate to elliptic, glandular-dotted, with glandular-toothed margins and an abruptly acute tip and round base. The catkins are 5-6 cm long, stalkless and appear before the leaves. The capsules are reddish brown and hairless. Woolly willow occurs in floodplains (Moss 1994). Two populations were found along the Existing Route within JNP (approximately KP/KL 361.7 and KP/KL 362.0).

Dwarf bulrush (Trichophorum pumilum), ranked as S2 in Alberta, is a perennial herb 5 to 20 cm tall with round, stiff, wiry stems and rhizomes. The flower clusters are single, egg-shaped spikelets, with scales that are chestnut brown with a green midvein (Kershaw et al. 2001). Dwarf bulrush grows in calcareous fens. Five populations were found along the Existing Route in Alberta/JNP (two populations at approximately KP/KL 314.6, and others at approximately KP/KL 336.7, KP/KL 346.4 and KP/KL 361.5).

4.2.2.2 Nonvascular Plants Fifty-nine species of rare nonvascular plants (i.e., species with a provincial rank between S1 and S3 or a rare rank) were found along the Existing Route in Alberta and JNP (Table 10, Appendix D). Of these 59 species, 20 species are bryophytes and 39 species are lichens. The 20 rare bryophyte species recorded include 9 liverwort species and 11 moss species. The 39 rare lichen species include 6 fruticose lichens, 14 crustose lichens, 18 foliose lichens and 1 bascidio-lichens.

In addition to these rare species, one additional moss species (Encalypta sp.) was recorded, which has been tentatively identified as rare and is awaiting verification by an expert. Nine additional lichen species are also awaiting verification of identification by an expert. Two fruticose lichens, Ramalina americana and Ramalina sinensis (ranked SU), were also observed, in addition to two lichen species that are believed to be new records for the province. These new species are Multiclavula vernalis and Toninia subdiffracta (provincial ranks not currently available).

4.2.2.3 Plant Communities A summary of plant communities observed along the Existing Route in Alberta/JNP is included in Table 11. More detailed information on the location of each observed community is provided in Appendix E. Following is a brief description of the communities of concern recorded along the Existing Route in Alberta/JNP.

There were three June grass - pasture sagewort - wild blue flax (CEAB000026) communities observed along the Existing Route in Alberta/JNP (approximately KP/KL 339.4-339.9, KP/KL 341.8-342.3 and KP/KL 365.7-366.0). These communities are ranked S2S3. One additional June grass - pasture sagewort - wild blue flax community was observed along the Alberta/JNP segment of the Existing Route at approximately KP/KL 376.3-377.0. This community cannot be considered the rare CEAB000026 community since the abundance of wild blue flax is low and it has a very high density of non-native invasive species including common and red-seed dandelions, yellow and white sweet clovers, narrow-

Page 48 Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005 leaved hawk’s beard, peppergrass, dalmatian toadflax, crested wheatgrass and worm-seed wallflower. Despite the abundance of weeds, this community is considered unique because of its close similarity to the rare CEAB000026 community type. Approximately 2.44 ha (11%) of the S2S3-ranked CEAB000026 community is within the Footprint of the Existing Route, while 1.11 ha (23%) of the unique community is within the Footprint.

The S2S3-ranked white spruce - fern moss (CEAB000070) community was observed at one location along the Existing Route in Alberta/JNP (approximately KP/KL 344.8-345.4). Approximately 1.47 ha (17%) of this community is within the Footprint of the Existing Route.

Douglas-fir savannah communities were identified as VECs in the TOR (CEA Agency et al. 2005). This community type was observed at four locations along the Existing Route in Alberta/JNP (approximately KP/KL 347.7-347.9, KP/KL 350.7-351.4, KP/KL 371.4-371.9 and KP/KL 373.3-374.0). Approximately 5.33 ha (15%) of this VEC is within the Footprint of the Existing Route in Alberta/JNP.

The silverberry riparian shrubland (CEGL001098) community type was observed at three locations along the Existing Route in Alberta/JNP (approximately KP 336.9, KP/KL 336.9-337.0 and KP/KL 337.5-337.6). This community is on the ANHIC Tracking List, but is currently unranked. Approximately 0.24 ha (12%) of this community type is within the Footprint of the Existing Route.

4.2.2.4 Non-Native and Invasive Species Spotted knapweed, common toadflax and dalmatian toadflax were the most frequently observed invasive species of concern along the Alberta/JNP segment of the Existing Route. Spotted knapweed was observed at several locations along Highway 16 (e.g., east and west of the Fiddle River; north of the Pocahontas access; at the old Pocahontas gas station site; south of the Pocahontas ponds; north of the access to Edith and Annette Lakes). Spotted knapweed was also recorded with field scabious along the existing Trans Mountain alignment between Pocahontas and the Athabasca River. Common and dalmatian toadflax were generally observed where the Existing Route closely parallels the CN Railway. Clematis was observed at three locations along the Existing Route in JNP (along Highway 16, north of the access to Edith and Annette Lakes; in patches along most of the route adjacent to the Jasper town site; and where the route is adjacent to the Jasper Siding stockpile site). Scentless chamomile was observed at one location adjacent to the CN Railway in JNP. Common tansy was observed along the Existing Trans Mountain Pipeline south of the Hinton Pump Station in Alberta, as well as west of the Jasper townsite near Highway 16. Detailed location information for invasive species of concern observed along the Existing Route in Alberta/JNP is provided in Appendix F.

4.2.2.5 Salvageable Timber Approximately 6,855 m3 (27% of the total estimated volume to be cleared) of salvageable timber would be cleared from the existing Footprint in Alberta and JNP (Table 12). The total area of salvageable timber that would be cleared from the Footprint of the Existing Route segment in Alberta/JNP is approximately 62 ha, with an average volume of 20 m3 of salvageable timber per hectare on Alberta provincial Crown land and 171 m3 of salvageable timber per hectare in JNP.

4.2.3 Mount Robson Provincial Park / British Columbia (KP 406 to KP 468)

4.2.3.1 Vascular Plants Note that the following vascular plant descriptions have previously been discussed in Section 4.2.1.1 for the overall Project. These descriptions are repeated here to assist those readers whose interest is limited to the MRPP/BC segment. Distribution information presented within this subsection is specific to the MRPP/BC segment of the Existing Route.

Three species of rare vascular plants were found along the Existing Route in MRPP and BC (Table 9).

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Canada anemone (Anemone canadensis) is ranked S2S3 and is Blue listed in BC. This is a 20-70 cm tall perennial herb, with several long-stemmed lower leaves that are 3-5 parted, sharply toothed and strongly veined. The upper leaves are stalkless and more deeply cleft. The flowers are long-stemmed and have five, white, 1-2 cm long petals. The seed head is round, and the seeds are flat with a short beak. This species occurs in damp meadows, thickets and sandy shores (Moss 1994). Canada anemone is considered a VEC along segments of the Project in BC (CEA Agency et al. 2005). One population containing thousands of plants was found along the Existing Route in MRPP (approximately KP 451.9- 452.0) (Plates H40 and H41).

Lance-leaved grape fern (Botrychium lanceolatum spp. angustisegmentum) is ranked S2 in Alberta, and S1 and on the Red list in BC. It is a 5-25 cm tall, fleshy perennial. The leafy blade is green to pale yellow- green, somewhat shiny, stalkless, triangular-shaped and up to 6 cm long and 10 cm wide. The fertile blade, taller than the sterile blade, has crowded spore clusters on ascending branches. This species occurs on mountain slopes (Kershaw et al. 2001, Moss 1994). One population with more than 20 individuals was found along the Existing Route in MRPP (approximately KP/KL 406.8).

Slenderleaf sundew (Drosera linearis) is not ranked in BC, however, it is likely to be added to the Red list (Penny pers. comm.) and is speculated to have an S1 rank for the purpose of this report. This is a small insectivorous perennial herb with reddish, glandular-hairy leaves that are longer than broad (2-5 cm long) and linear (2 mm wide). One to four flowers occur on a leafless stem and have 4-8 white petals that are 6 mm long. This species occurs in bogs, and often in marly sites (Moss 1994, Kershaw et al. 2001). Two populations, each with approximately 50 plants, were noted along the Existing Route in MRPP (approximately KP 424.8 and KP 426.4) (Plate H42).

4.2.3.2 Nonvascular Plants Three rare nonvascular species (i.e., species with a provincial rank between S1 and S3 or a “rare” rank) were found along the Existing Route in MRPP/BC (Table 10, Appendix D). These include one S2-ranked foliose lichen (Physcia stellaris) and two additional rare foliose lichens (Solorina saccata and Solorina spongiosa). No rare bryophytes were observed along this segment of the route.

4.2.3.3 Plant Communities A summary of plant communities observed along the Existing Route in MRPP/BC is included in Table 11. More detailed information on the location of each observed community is in Appendix E. Following is a brief description of the communities of concern recorded along the Existing Route in MRPP/BC.

There was only one observation of the lodgepole pine - velvet-leaved blueberry - clad lichens (SBSdh/02) community type along the Proposed and Existing routes during the 2005 field surveys. This S2/Red-listed community is located at approximately KP 415.2 in MRPP. The boundary of this community is located at the edge of the Footprint, however, less than 0.01 ha of this community is within the Footprint of the Existing Route. Due to uncertainty with mapping and GPS coordinates obtained in the field, this community is included as being within the Footprint of the Existing Route.

The unique calcareous fen community similar to the SBSdh/Wf10 community type was observed on the Existing Route in MRPP (approximately KP 424.7-424.8). The Footprint of the Existing Route encroaches on the northern edge of this community. Less than 0.01 ha of this sensitive community is within the Footprint of the Existing Route. Due to uncertainty with mapping and GPS coordinates obtained in the field, this community is included as being within the Footprint of the Existing Route.

4.2.3.4 Non-Native and Invasive Species Common toadflax was the only invasive species of concern recorded along the Existing Route in MRPP. This species was recorded at the existing Terasen Pipelines Pump Station 406. Detailed location information for invasive species of concern observed along the Existing Route in MRPP/BC is provided in Appendix F.

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4.2.3.5 Salvageable Timber Approximately 18,487 m3 (73% of the total estimated volume to be cleared) of salvageable timber would be cleared from the existing Footprint in MRPP/BC (Table 12). The total area of salvageable timber that would be cleared from the Existing Route in MRPP/BC is approximately 105 ha, with an average volume of 176 m3 per hectare. Approximately 100 ha would be cleared from the Footprint of the Existing Route in MRPP, with an average volume of 182 m3 per hectare. Approximately 5 ha would be cleared from the Footprint of the Existing Route west of the MRPP boundary, with an average volume of 57 m3 per hectare.

4.3 Permanent Facilities

4.3.1 Wolf Pump Station (KP 188) No rare plant species or communities of concern were found on the Wolf Pump Station site. One noxious weed, tall buttercup (Ranunculus acris) was found at this site (Plates H43 and H44).

4.3.2 Chappel Pump Station (KP 555.5) No rare plant species or communities were found at the Chappel Pump Station site (Plates H45 and H46).

4.3.3 Scraper Traps (KP 468) The portion of the scraper trap site within the Footprint of the Proposed Route was surveyed during the 2005 field investigations. No VECs, rare plants or rare, unique or sensitive plant communities were observed. Additional field studies will be required to assess the portions of the site outside the Footprint of the Proposed Route.

4.4 Temporary Facilities for Construction

4.4.1 Campsites There were no rare vascular plants or rare, unique or VEC communities observed at any of the proposed campsite locations. A temporary construction campsite is being considered in JNP at the old Jasper Dump. The proposed construction campsite at the confluence of the Moose and Fraser rivers (R-CS 433; approximately KP 433) in MRPP may be used as a long-term RV site. Non-native invasive species of concern observed at the old Jasper Dump include common and dalmatian toadflax as well as scentless chamomile. Common tansy was observed at both the Snaring River Overflow in JNP and R-CS 433 campsite at the Moose River in MRPP. Detailed location information for these sites is provided in Appendix F.

4.4.2 Staging Areas and Stockpile Sites There were no rare vascular plants observed at the temporary construction staging areas or stockpile sites. However one rare June grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax community was observed at a stockpile site near the Snaring Warden Station and one unique June grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax plant community (VC008, Appendix G) was observed at the southernmost end of the Devona Siding stockpile site in JNP. A detailed description of these community types is included in Section 4.1.1.3, and additional information can be found in Appendix E.

The most commonly observed non-native invasive species of management concern observed at the temporary construction staging areas and stockpile sites include spotted knapweed and common and dalmatian toadflax. Common tansy, nodding thistle, clematis, leafy spurge and scentless chamomile were also observed less frequently at the temporary construction staging areas and stockpile sites. A complete list of where invasive species of concern were observed is provided in Appendix F.

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4.4.3 Access Roads There were four rare vascular plant species and five populations recorded on existing access roads during the 2005 field surveys, all of which are within JNP. Crawe’s sedge (ranked S2) was observed at the north end of the Snaring Road, between the CN Railway and Highway 16 (V054, Appendix G). Sitka columbine (ranked S2; suggested new rank of S2S3) was observed in two locations along the abandoned CNA Railway (which is proposed for temporary construction access) near KP/KL 395.3 and KP/KL 396 (V109 and V112, Appendix G). Nootka lupine (ranked S3) was also observed near KP/KL 395.3 on the CNA Railway with Sitka columbine (V110, Appendix G). Mingan grape fern (ranked S2S3; suggested new rank of SU) was recorded on the abandoned CNA Railway near KP/KL 395 (V107, Appendix G).

One rare (S2S3) June grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax community (VC013, Appendix G) was observed on the Celestine Lake Road near the Snaring Warden Station, and one unique June grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax community (VC014, Appendix G) was observed along the northernmost end of the Snaring Road between Highway 16 and the CN Railway. The access road to the Devona Siding stockpile site also encroaches on the unique June grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax community (VC008, Appendix G).

The most commonly observed non-native invasive species of management concern recorded along construction access include scentless chamomile, common and dalmatian toadflax, and spotted knapweed. Nodding thistle, diffuse knapweed, clematis, blue weed and common tansy were observed less frequently along the access roads. A complete list of where invasive species of concern were observed is provided in Appendix F.

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5.0 ROUTE COMPARISON AND EVALUATION The Proposed and Existing routes were surveyed during the spring and summer vegetation surveys that were undertaken in 2005. A summary of the results of the vegetation surveys comparing the two routes is presented in Table 14.

Twenty-two species of rare vascular plants (with a provincial rank between S1 and S3) were identified along the Proposed Route and twenty-four species along the Existing Route. On the Proposed Route a total of 101 rare plant populations were found, of which 8 species are ranked as S1, 12 species are ranked S2, and 2 species are ranked S3. Along the Existing Route, a total of 103 rare plant populations were found, of which 7 species are ranked as S1, 15 species are ranked S2, and 2 species are ranked S3. No VEC species were recorded along the Proposed Route, while one VEC species (Anemone canadensis) was observed along the Existing Route.

Sixty-two species of rare nonvascular plants (with provincial ranks between S1 and S3 or a “rare” rank) were identified along the Proposed Route and sixty-one species along the Existing Route. A total of 112 populations of rare nonvascular plant populations were recorded on the Proposed Route, of which 16 species are ranked S1, 27 species are ranked S2, 18 species are ranked S3 and 2 species are considered rare in BC. Along the Existing Route, a total of 111 rare nonvascular plant populations were observed, of which 17 species are ranked S1, 26 species are S2, 17 species are S3 and 2 species are considered rare in BC. No nonvascular plant VECs were observed on either route.

Ten plant community types of concern were found along the Proposed Route, including provincially ranked, unranked (SU), unique and VEC communities. A total of seven plant community types of concern were observed along the Existing Route. One S1 ranked community, five S2 communities and four S3 communities were noted along the Proposed Route, while five S2 plant communities and no S1 or S3 communities were found along the Existing Route during the vegetation surveys.

Four unique plant communities (three in JNP and one in MRPP) were found along the Proposed Route. Two unique plant communities were found along the Existing Route, one was found in JNP and the other in MRPP.

Five plant communities considered VECs in the TOR (CEA Agency et al. 2005) were found along the Proposed Route while four VEC plant communities were found along the Existing Route. In addition, one population of Canada anemone (considered a VEC) was found along the Existing Route, while no VEC populations were identified along the Proposed Route.

Although the Proposed Route encounters one more S1 vascular plant species than the Existing Route, the number of S1 vascular plant populations is the same on both routes. The Proposed Route has one fewer S1 nonvascular plant species and four fewer S1 nonvascular plant populations than the Existing Route. The Proposed Route has one S1 plant community, whereas there are none along the Existing Route. However, there is one Red-listed community on the Existing Route and none on the Proposed Route (Table 14).

The Proposed Route has three fewer S2 vascular plant species and two fewer S2 populations than the Existing Route. However, there is one more S2 nonvascular species and population on the Proposed Route than the Existing Route and there are five S2 plant communities on both the Proposed and Existing routes. Four Blue-listed plant communities occur on the Proposed Route while none are on the Existing Route (Table 14).

S3 vascular plant species and population numbers are the same for both routes. However, there is one more S3 nonvascular plant species and three more S3 populations on the Proposed Route than the Existing Route. The Proposed Route also has four more S3 plant populations than the Existing Route (Table 14).

The high percentage of rare species relative to the portions of the Proposed and Existing routes within the wetland, shrub and riparian forest ELC community type appears to suggest that this community type provides more suitable habitat for rare species than other types encountered by the route. Approximately 17% of the Proposed Route and 24% of the Existing Route encounter wetland, shrub and riparian forest

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ELC community type, suggesting the Proposed Route is preferable to avoid habitats with higher potential for rare plants.

The estimated volume of salvageable timber that would be cleared from the Footprint of the Proposed Route is slightly larger (26,805 m3) than the volume that would be cleared from the Footprint of the Existing Route (25,342 m3). There is no difference between the area of salvageable timber that would be cleared from the Proposed and Existing routes (167 ha).

In comparison of the above factors, the Propose Route appears to be slightly preferable in terms of potential impacts to vegetation. At this time, the results of supplementary studies as well as results of outstanding rare plant verifications are not expected to alter this conclusion.

TABLE 14

COMPARISON OF PROPOSED ROUTE AND EXISTING ROUTE

Factor Proposed Existing (Number Found) AB/JNP1 MRPP/BC1 Overall1 AB/JNP1 MRPP/BC1 Overall1 S1 vascular plant species2 7286 6278 S1 vascular plant populations 9 2 11 8 3 11 S2 vascular plant species2 12 0 12 14 1 15 S2 vascular plant populations 84 0 84 85 1 86 S3 vascular plant species 2 0 2 2 0 2 S3 vascular plant populations 6 0 6 6 0 6 Blue-listed vascular plant species N/A 0 0 N/A 1 1 Blue-listed vascular plant populations N/A 0 0 N/A 1 1 Red-listed vascular plant species N/A 2 2 N/A 2 2 Red-listed vascular plant populations N/A 2 2 N/A 3 3 S1 nonvascular plant species2 16 0 16 17 0 17 S1 nonvascular plant populations 34 0 34 38 0 38 S2 nonvascular plant species2 26 1 27 25 1 26 S2 nonvascular plant populations 42 1 43 41 1 42 S3 nonvascular plant species 18 0 18 17 0 17 S3 nonvascular plant populations 30 0 30 27 0 27 Rare nonvascular plant species7 N/A 2 2 N/A 2 2 Rare nonvascular plant populations7 N/A 5 5 N/A 4 4 COSEWIC Special Concern plant species3 000000 COSEWIC Threatened plant species3 000000 COSEWIC Endangered plant species3 000000 SARA Schedule 1 plant species4 000000 SARA Schedule 2 plant species4 000000 S1 plant community types2 101000 S1 plant communities 1 0 1 0 0 0 S2 plant community types2 202213 S2 plant communities 5 0 5 4 1 5 S3 plant community types2 011000 S3 plant communities 0 4 4 0 0 0 Blue-listed plant community types N/A 1 1 N/A 0 0 Blue-listed plant communities N/A 4 4 N/A 0 0 Red-listed plant community types N/A 0 0 N/A 1 1 Red-listed plant communities N/A 0 0 N/A 1 1 Unique plant community types 3 1 4 1 1 2 Unique plant communities 3 1 4 1 1 2 Area of rare, sensitive, unique, VEC communities in Footprint (ha) 12.0 3.88 15.88 10.59 <0.01 10.59 Volume of salvageable timber to be cleared from Footprint (m3) 7,347 19,458 26,805 6,855 18,487 25,342 VECs identified5 415415

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Notes: 1. AB/JNP = KP 310 to KP 406; MRPP/BC = KP 406 to KP 468 2. Species and communities with a range rank were counted as the lowest numeric rank (i.e., S1S2 rank was considered S1, S2S3 rank was considered S2). Communities with an SU rank and species requiring verification of identification were not counted in this table. 3. COSEWIC = Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada 4. SARA = Species at Risk Act 5. Refers to VEC species and community occurrences (not types of VECs). 6. One S1 species was found on both the Alberta/JNP and MRPP/BC segments of the Proposed Route, therefore, although 7 S1 species were observed in Alberta/JNP and 2 in MRPP/BC, the total number of S1 species observed on the overall Proposed Route is 8. 7. Rare rank is given to some species that do not have a provincial S-rank, as described in Lichens of British Columbia: Rare Species and Priorities for Inventory (Goward 1995). 8. One S1 species was found on both the Alberta/JNP and MRPP/BC segments of the Existing Route, therefore, although 6 S1 species were observed in Alberta/JNP and 2 in MRPP/BC, the total number of S1 species observed on the overall Existing Route is 7.

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6.0 SUPPLEMENTARY STUDIES The need for supplementary vegetation studies have been identified at several locations. These investigations will cover locations that could not be assessed during the spring/summer 2005 field studies, as well as generate additional site-specific data that will be used to assist with development of impact avoidance and mitigation measures. Data obtained through supplemental studies will also be used for the development of restoration plans for JNP and will serve as baseline data for post-construction monitoring.

The following supplemental field studies are recommended: x rare vascular, nonvascular, plant community and invasive species studies along the Proposed Route in JNP between approximately KL 335.8 and KP/KL 337.5, where the route crosses the Athabasca River; x rare vascular, nonvascular, plant community and invasive species studies along the Proposed Route in JNP between approximately KP 377.8 and KP 379.0, where the Proposed Route leaves the Existing Route and follows the north side of Highway 16 before crossing Highway 97 and rejoining the Existing Route; x rare vascular, nonvascular, plant community and invasive species studies along the Proposed Route in JNP between approximately KL 390.2 and KP/KL 391.0, where the Proposed Route remains on the south side of Highway 16 before rejoining the Existing Route; x rare vascular plant studies along the segment of the route in Alberta provincial Crown lands where Ranunculus glaberrimus was observed at Environmental Plot JE01, in order to supplement the limited information collected in 2005; x rare vascular, nonvascular, plant community and invasive species studies along access roads and temporary construction facility sites where field studies could not be conducted during 2005; x rare vascular, nonvascular, plant community and invasive species studies at the scraper trap site at KP/KL 468; x rare vascular, plant community and invasive species studies at disturbed areas within JNP and MRPP that are outside the Project Footprint , but which may be considered for additional reclamation work to increase the ecological integrity of the parks; x rare vascular, nonvascular and plant community studies at selected locations where rare plants and communities were observed during the 2005 field studies (to verify extent of populations within the Footprint, confirm community boundaries, develop appropriate mitigation/reclamation strategies, etc.); and x a detailed assessment of timber should be conducted by qualified staff and verified by a Professional Forester to determine accurate timber volume estimates along the Proposed Route.

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7.0 CONCLUSIONS During the vegetation surveys conducted in the spring and summer 2005, 22 species of rare vascular plants were identified on the Proposed Route and 24 species on the Existing Route. Canada anemone was the only VEC species listed by the TOR (CEA Agency et al. 2005) recorded during the vegetation surveys. One population of Canada anemone was recorded on the Existing Route while no VEC populations were identified along the Proposed Route. No COSEWIC or SARA listed species were observed on either the Proposed or Existing Routes.

Sixty-two species of rare nonvascular plants were recorded along the Proposed Route and sixty-one species along the Existing Route, although there was one more S1-ranked species and four more S1- ranked populations observed on the Existing Route than the Proposed Route. No nonvascular plant VECs, COSEWIC or SARA listed species were observed on either route.

Ten plant community types of concern were found along the Proposed Route, including provincially ranked, unranked (SU), unique and VEC communities. A total of seven plant community types of concern were observed along the Existing Route.

Four unique plant communities were found on the Proposed Route while two unique plant communities were found on the Existing Route. Five plant communities considered VECs by the TOR (CEA Agency et al. 2005) were found on the Proposed Route and four plant communities considered VECs were found on the Existing Route.

Higher proportions of rare plants were observed in the shrub, wetland and riparian forest ELC community type along the Proposed and Existing routes. The Existing Route encounters a higher percentage of these community types than the Proposed Route. Therefore the Proposed Route is slightly preferable to avoid habitats with higher potential for rare plants.

Estimated salvageable timber volumes are slightly higher for the Footprint of the Proposed Route than the Existing Route, although there is no difference between the areas of salvageable timber that would be cleared from the routes.

Based upon a comparison of the above factors, the Proposed Route appears to be the preferable route in terms of potential impacts to vegetation.

Additional vegetation surveys are planned for the spring and summer of 2006. This includes supplementary studies along planned permanent facilities, campsites, staging areas, stockpile sites, access roads and select locations where rare plants and communities were observed in 2005.

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8.0 REFERENCES

8.1 Personal Communications Allen. L. Ecologist, Alberta Natural Heritage Information Centre, Edmonton, Alberta.

Cadrin, C. Program Ecologist, British Columbia Conservation Data Centre, Victoria , BC.

Fong, E. Vegetation Information Specialist, BC Ministry of Forests, Victoria, BC.

Gould, J. Botanist, Alberta Natural Heritage Information Centre, Edmonton, Alberta.

Gutsel, R. Species at Risk Biologist, Alberta Sustainable Resource Development. Spruce Grove, Alberta.

Penny, J. Botanist, BC Conservation Data Centre, Victoria, BC.

Rockwell, R. Section Head, Protected Areas, British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Parks Division, Prince George, BC.

Westhaver, A. Parks Canada, Jasper National Park of Canada, Jasper Alberta.

Williston, P. Gentian Botanical Research. Smithers, BC.

8.2 Literature Cited Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. 2000. Weed Control Act. W-5 RSA.

Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. 2002. Weed Regulation. 171/2001.

Alberta Energy and Natural Resources. 1983. Phase 3 Forest Inventory Maps 1:15,000 maps (TWP 50 RGE 26 W5M and TWP 49 RGE 26 W5M).

Alberta Energy and Natural Resources. 1985. Alberta Phase 3 Forest Inventory: Volumes and Stem Numbers for Forest Types for Central Alberta: Volume Sampling Regions 4, 5 and 6.

Alberta Institute of Pedology. 1982. Ecological (Biophysical) Land Classification of Banff and Jasper National Parks. Volume 2 Soil and Vegetation Resources + 1:50,000 maps.

Alberta Native Plant Council. 2000. A Rouge’s gallery of invasive non-native plants. Website: http://www.anpc.ab.ca/rogues.pdf. Accessed: September 13, 2005.

Alberta Native Plant Council. 2000. ANPC Guidelines for Rare Plant Surveys in Alberta. Website: http://www.anpc.ab.ca/rareplant.pdf. Accessed: March 31, 2005.

Alberta Natural Heritage Information Centre. 2002. Tracking and Watch Lists - Vascular Plants, Mosses, Liverworts and Hornworts. Website: http://www.cd.gov.ab.ca/preserving/parks/anhic/docs/plants_2002.pdf.

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APPENDIX A

POTENTIAL PLANT SPECIES OF CONCERN

Page A1 2 2 Additional Additional Designations 1 Rank Provincial Preferred Preferred Habitat in Vicinity of Vicinity Right-of-Way No Yes S1 --- No Yes S2 --- No YesNo S2 Yes --- S1 --- No Yes S2 --- Yes Yes S2 --- Yes No S2 --- Yes No S2 --- Yes No S2 --- Range Right-of-Way Right-of-Way within Species and meadows. and meadows. Yes Yes S1 --- APPENDIX A Open woods, grassy slopes, Open grassy woods, scree slopes. banksGravelly moist, and sandy meadows. Moist slopes, peaty soilsMoist slopes, peaty in alpine areas. Moist montane woodland and Moist montane woodland streambanks. alpine/subalpineslopesRocky and meadows. Wet meadows Wet meadows and stream banks. Limestone talus from treeline to alpine regions. Moist forests, rocks, rocky scree rocky Moist forests, rocks, and banks. Moist depressional areas on alpine slopes. ALBERTA/JASPER PARK NATIONAL stem-clasping arnica nodding arnica Moist woods. astermeadow aster hybrid Bodin's milk vetch open areas. Dry Yesendolepis flats. river Moist woods, Yes No S2 Yes eroded slopes. Dry, Yes Yes --- S2 No S1S2 --- HYB Yes S3 --- Thurber's bent grass alpine spleenwort American cress winter Stream banks and moist woods. Yes Yes S2 --- big sagebrush Eaton aster elegant aster hills. Dry Open montane woods. Yes No Yes Yes S3S4 S2 ------Geyer's onion alpine foxtail angelica yellow scented everlasting corymbose everlasting Sitka columbine Jones' columbine sandwort low Shores and open woodland. montane woods. Moist Open woods long-leaved arnica Open and rocky slopes. woods No Talus slopes, rock crevices. No Yes areas. Moist, gravelly slopes Rocky and cliffs. Yes No Yes Yes S2 No Yes Yes S3 S2 S2 Yes Yes ------S2 S1 --- G3Q --- pathfinder maidenhair fern western spike redtop Moist and woods thickets. No Yes S2S3 --- POTENTIAL VASCULAR SPECIES PLANT THE VICINITY CONCERN IN OF PROJECT OF THE IN var. Scientific Name Common Name Habitat Athyrium alpestre americanum Atriplex suckleyi Barbarea orthoceras Aster x maccallae Astragalus bodinii Aster eatonii Aster engelmannii Artemisia tridentata Artemisia Aster campestris Arnica amplexicaulis Arnica longifolia Arnica parryi Antennaria corymbosa Aquilegia formosa Aquilegia jonesii Arenaria longipedunculata Angelica dawsonii Antennaria aromatica Allium geyeri Alopecurus alpinus Agrostis thurberiana Adenocaulon bicolor Adiantum aleuticum Agrostis exarata

Page A2 2 2 2 2 Additional Additional Designations 1 Rank Provincial Preferred Preferred Habitat in Vicinity of Vicinity Right-of-Way No Yes S2S3 --- No Yes S2 --- No No S1 --- No Yes SU G3 Yes No S2 --- Yes YesYes S1 Yes --- S2 --- Yes Yes S2S3Yes --- No S1S2 --- Range Right-of-Way Right-of-Way within Species woods. No woods. Yes S3 --- Appendix A Appendix Rocky Rocky outcrops and talus slopes at alpine/subalpine elevations. Moderately moist and open coniferous woods. Moist to dry gravelly slopes at Moist to dry high elevations. Moist alpine/subalpine banks and ledges. acidDry soil; moist sandy ground under pine; stony ground. Open slopes, shores and meadows. Moist scree slopes and alpine meadows. slopes,Dry shores and roadsides. Mesic grassy slopes, wooded Mesic grassy slopes, wooded areas. Alberta/Jasper National Park Cont’d National Alberta/Jasper Potential Vascular Plant Species of Concern in the Vicinity of the Project in of the in the Vicinity Species of Concern Vascular Plant Potential thorough-wax Dry hillsides. Nowoodland brome Yesthorough-wax Dry S3blue camas --- meadows. Moist to wet No Yes S2 --- northwestern grape fern telesonix open places. Moist or wet, Yes Yes S1 --- leafy braya river flats. Gravelly Yes Yes S1 G5T3?Q meadow bitter meadow cress browned sedge open sedge Bogs and swamps. ground; Low open wet wetlands. No Yes Yes Yes S1S2 S1 ------lapland reed-grass mariposa lily alpine bitter cress slopes. Dry No Yes S3 --- Mingan grapefern leather grape fern grape ferndwarf spatulate grape fern areas, Moist sandy fields. alpine braya and Meadows open forests. Moist meadows and shores. large-flowered brickellia NoCanada brome Yes No Yes Yes Yesbanks. Moist S2 S2 S2 --- G3G4 --- No Yes S1 --- creeping mahonia northern grape fern field grape fern grapewestern fern Mountain grassy Open, subalpine areas. Unconfirmed Sandy soils, ditches. Yes SU No --- Yes S1 G3 var. var. maccallae var. Scientific Name Common Name Habitat Carex aperta Cardamine pratensis Carex adusta Cardamine bellidifolia Calochortus apiculatus Camassia quamash Bromus vulgaris Bupleurum americanum Calamagrostis lapponica Brickellia grandiflora Bromus latiglumis quamash Braya humilis Braya purpurascens intermedium Botrychium spathulatum Boykinia heucheriformis Botrychium multifidum pinnatum Botrychium simplex Botrychium Botrychium minganense Botrychium borealeBotrychium campestre Botrychium hesperium Botrychium Berberis repens

Page A3 2 Additional Additional Designations 1 Rank Provincial Preferred Preferred Habitat in Vicinity of Vicinity Right-of-Way No Yes S3No --- Yes S1 --- YesYes Yes Yes S1 S1S2 G5T3Q --- YesYes Yes Yes S2 S2 ------Yes Yes S1 --- Yes Yes S2 --- Yes Yes S2 --- Range Right-of-Way Right-of-Way within Species Appendix A Appendix Moist lake shores and marshes; river flats and streambanks. Moist open meadows and low ground near alkaline water; flats. Plains, and open banks dry woods. Gravelly, alpine/subalpine areas; salt marshes, tundra, sand dunes, river flats. gravellyDry eroding slopes, sites. sandy Boggy and often calcareous areas. Open and drywoods mountain slopes. Often calcareous bogs and marshes. and Moist montane woods streambanks. Alberta/Jasper National Park Cont’d National Alberta/Jasper Potential Vascular Plant Species of Concern in the Vicinity of the Project in of the in the Vicinity Species of Concern Vascular Plant Potential lens-fruited sedge sedge Parry's alpine sedge Mountain sedge Rocky sedge weak or thickets. Moist woods meadows. Alpine/subalpine Yes No No Yes S2 S1 ------Hooker's sedge seaside sedge capitate sedge cordillera sedge sedge Crawe's slopes, Grassy rich soil. Calcareous meadows. No Yes Yes Yes S1 S2 ------beaked sedge umbellate sedge places. Marshy open areas, often sandy. Dry No No No Yes S1 S2 ------Payson's sedge Payson's pasture sedge stone sedge broad-scaled sedge Presl’ sedge Mountain meadows. grassland Dry and open woods. open coniferous Dry woods. alpine/subalpine Dry slopes. No Yes open slopes. Dry No Yes Yes Yes Yes No S1S2 S1S2 Yes S1S2 S2S3 ------Yes ------S2 --- Geyer's sedge Hudson Bay sedge sand sedge lakeshore sedge purple sedge or gravelly places. sandy Dry, Marshes and swampy woods. No No Yes Yes S2 S2 ------narrow sedgenarrow Back's sedge Moist woods. shady Dry, woods. No Yes Yes Yes S2 S1 ------dolia parryana var. var. var. Scientific Name Common Name Habitat Carex umbellata Carex rostrata Carex saximontana Carex supina Carex platylepis Carex podocarpa Carex preslii Carex paysonis Carex petasata Carex petricosa Carex parryana Carex lenticularis Carex mertensii Carex lacustris Carex houghtoniana Carex incurviformis incurviformis Carex heleonastes Carex hookerana Carex cordillerana Carex crawei Carex geyeri Carex backii Carex capitata Carex arcta

Page A4 3,4 2 2 Additional Additional Designations 1 Rank Provincial Preferred Preferred Habitat in Vicinity of Vicinity Right-of-Way No Yes S2 --- No YesNo S1 Yes --- No S3 Yes --- No SU Yes --- S1S2 --- Yes Yes S3 G3G4 YesYes Yes Yes S2 S2 ------Yes Yes S2 --- Range Right-of-Way Right-of-Way within Species ks and ledges. Yes Yes S3 --- ed slopes. No Yes S1 Endangered Appendix A Appendix Dry erodingDry slopes; sheltered couleegrassy slopes. Streambanks and marshy Streambanks and marshy ground in shade. Shaded calcareous rock or places. springy or dampSpringy calcareous places. to moist open areas and Dry open woodland. Sandy grounds, plains dry and hillsides. muskeg, Damp mossy woods, willow scrub and tundra. grassy slopes, moderateDry, elevations. Foothills to mid-elevations in mountains. Alberta/Jasper National Park Cont’d National Alberta/Jasper Potential Vascular Plant Species of Concern in the Vicinity of the Project in of the in the Vicinity Species of Concern Vascular Plant Potential small-flowered hawk's-beard small-flowered hawk's-beard small cryptanthe erod Dry slender hair grass and Meadows open slopes. No Yes S1 --- intermediate hawk's-beard intermediate hawk's-beard open areas. Dry No Yes S2 --- blister sedge golden saxifrage and marshes. Swamps No Yes S1 --- Oregon fairybells mountain dwarf-primula downingia alpine Dry slopes. Moist woods. shores, Muddy often alkaline. No No No No Yes Yes S1 S1S2 S3 ------Steller's rock-brake mountain lady's-slipper mountain bladder fern poverty oat grass Moist woods. No Yes S2 --- hoary goosefoot green saxifrage elk thistle conimitella goldthread Douglas hawthorn hawk's-beard ban Moist shady Open and slopes. woods Open montane slopes. Open and rocky slopes. woods slender cryptanthe No No No Yes Yes Yes S3 SU S2 ------G3? yellow paintbrushyellow paintbrush stiff yellow Montane snowbrush slopes. slopes. Grassy Grassland. No No Yes No Yes S3 Yes S2S3 --- S2S3 ------var. Scientific Name Common Name Habitat Downingia laeta Disporum hookeri oreganum Douglasia montana Danthonia spicata Deschampsia elongata Cypripedium montanum Cystopteris montana Cryptantha minima Cryptogramma stelleri Crepis occidentalis Cryptantha affinis Crepis atribarba Crepis intermedia Conimitella williamsii Coptis trifolia Crataegus douglasii Chrysosplenium tetrandrum scariosumCirsium Chenopodium incanum Chrysosplenium iowense Castilleja cusickii Castilleja lutescens Ceanothus velutinus Carex vesicaria

Page A5 2 2 2 Additional Additional Designations 1 Rank Provincial Preferred Preferred Habitat in Vicinity of Vicinity Right-of-Way No Yes S1S2 --- No YesNo S1 Yes S1 ------NoNo Yes Yes SU S2 ------NoNo Yes Yes S1 S1 ------Yes Yes S1S2 --- YesYes Yes No S2 S1S2 G3 G2G3Q YesYes Yes Yes S2 S2 G3G4 Yes --- Yes S2 --- Range Right-of-Way Right-of-Way within Species rocky slopes, rocky Appendix A Appendix Rocky mountainRocky slopes and streambanks, moist forests and meadows. at lower open areas Dry elevations in the mountains. Talus slopes and alpine/subalpine ridges. Moist alpine/subalpinetundra, screesnowbeds, slopes, rock ledges, grassy slopes. Dry open ridges, Dry hilltops and grasslands. High alpine/subalpine talus and scree slopes. slopes; Dry associatedwooded with lodgepole pine and trembling aspen. Moist thickets and shaded banks. Moist banks and turfy slopes, Moist banks and turfy alpine and subalpine sites. calcareous bogs, wet Marly shores. Wet places; neutral or calcareous. Moist shady and woods streambanks, lake edges. Moist streambanks and moist slopes to alpine elevations. Alberta/Jasper National Park Cont’d National Alberta/Jasper Potential Vascular Plant Species of Concern in the Vicinity of the Project in of the in the Vicinity Species of Concern Vascular Plant Potential pale willowherb spreading fleabane dense-leaved whitlow-grass long-stalked whitlow-grass buff fleabane fescue western open slopes. Dry bearded fescue No Yes S2 --- creeping fleabane fleabane dwarf trifid-leaved fleabane open Dry woods. Yes Yes S1 --- Porsild's whitlow-grass Porsild's whitlow-grass slenderleaf sundew male fern fragrant shield fern flattened spike-rush Engelmann's spike-rush waterpod Siliceous rocks. Virginia rye wild Wet places. Wooded slopes. willowherb white Moist deciduous woodlands. No No No No No Yes Yes Yes S3 S1 S1? S1 ------ssp. var. var. Scientific Name Common Name Habitat Festuca subulata scribneri Festuca occidentalis Erigeron trifidus fastigiatum Erigeron flagellaris Erigeron ochroleucus Erigeron radicatus Erigeron divergens Epilobium glaberrimum Epilobium lactiflorum Ellisia nyctelea Elymus virginicus Eleocharis compressa borealis Eleocharis engelmannii Dryopteris filix-mas Dryopteris fragrans Draba porsildii Drosera linearis Draba longipes Draba densifolia

Page A6 3,4 2 2 Additional Additional Designations 1 Rank Provincial Preferred Preferred Habitat in Vicinity of Vicinity Right-of-Way No Yes S1No --- No YesNo S2S3 Yes No --- S2No S1 Yes --- Threatened No S2S3 Yes --- S1 --- No Yes S2S3 --- No Yes S2S3 --- Yes Yes S2 --- Yes Yes S1 HYB Yes Yes S1Yes --- Yes S1 --- Range Right-of-Way Right-of-Way within Species Appendix A Appendix Fens, mossy areas around Fens, mossy springs and seepages. Open and montane woods slopes. and Mountain slopes, meadows streambanks. Moist meadows and stream banks. Immersed in and around lakes and ponds. grassland,Low thickets, open woods. Streambanks and wet meadows. Open slopes and disturbed ground. Bogs and marshes; pioneer on sandywet ground. Moist forests, glades, rocky rocky Moist forests, glades, slopes, streambanks from the lowland to subalpine zones. Submerged, often in deep water. Turfy slopes and moist grassy slopes Turfy meadows. Alberta/Jasper National Park Cont’d National Alberta/Jasper Potential Vascular Plant Species of Concern in the Vicinity of the Project in of the in the Vicinity Species of Concern Vascular Plant Potential marsh rush western St. John's-wort St. John's-wort western slopes, ledges and shores Moist No Yes S1 --- quillwort hybrid hybrid quillwort rush few-flowered Regel's rush tall blue lettuce Moist open woods. No Yes S2 --- woolly hawkweed mountain hollyhock blue flagwestern low willowherb geranium woolly tufted tall manna grass meadows. Streamsides, wet and grassy slopes. Moist woods Yes Yes Yes Yes SH S2 ------thread rush Nevada rush rush Parry's Wet areas. Mountain slopes and meadows. Yes Yes No S2 Yes --- S1 --- clammy cudweedclammy oak fern western woolen-breeches openings in Meadows, woods. No Moist meadows and woods. coastal quillwort quillwort western Yes No SH Shallow and lakeshores.waters Yes Yes --- S2S3 Yes --- S1 G3? marsh gentian scouleri americanus ssp. var. Scientific Name Common Name Habitat Juncus stygius Lactuca biennis Juncus nevadensis Juncus parryi Juncus regelii Juncus filiformis Isoetes x truncata Juncus confusus Isoetes maritima Isoetes occidentalis Iliamna rivularis Iliamna Iris missouriensis Hydrophyllum capitatum Hypericum scouleri Gymnocarpium disjunctum Gymnocarpium Hieracium cynoglossoides Geranium erianthum Glyceria elata Gnaphalium viscosum Gentiana fremontii Gayophytum racemosum

Page A7 2 Additional Additional Designations 1 Rank Provincial Preferred Preferred Habitat in Vicinity of Vicinity Right-of-Way No Yes S2 --- No Yes S2 --- No NoNoNo S1No Yes YesNo --- No S2 S2 Yes S1S2 ------S1No --- No G3G4 YesNo Yes S2S3 Yes SU --- S2 ------Yes Yes S2 --- Range Right-of-Way Right-of-Way within Species ins and mudflats. No Yes S1 --- opes and hillsides. No No S2 --- oods and meadows. No Yes S2 --- Appendix A Appendix Dry, rocky,Dry, alpine/subalpine slopes. Moist mountain slopes, Moist mountain slopes, moderateelevations. to low Dry, sandy or calcareous sandy Dry, slopes and ridges; river flats. Open montane woods and Open montane woods slopes.grassy Stream margins, meadows, springs. in saprophytic Moist woods; coniferous woods. Dry, southwestDry, exposure, desert flats. and Meadows springs, moist slopes. Moist meadows and open woods. Hills open slopes. Cypress Dry conglomerate. River flats and open gravelly areas. Alberta/Jasper National Park Cont’d National Alberta/Jasper Potential Vascular Plant Species of Concern in the Vicinity of the Project in of the in the Vicinity Species of Concern Vascular Plant Potential northern bladderpod bitter-root dwarf onion grass monkeyflower small yellow Moist woods. Moist montane banks. No No Yes Yes S1 S2 ------flowering quillwort flowering broad-lipped twayblade Slough marg Boggy w western larchwestern yellow monkeyflower pinesap large-leaved lupine smooth wood-rush reddish wood-rush melic grass Moist woods. lance-leaved lungwort large-flowered lungwort coniferous woodland. Montane nodding scorzonella forest. Mixedwood Yes Prairie sl Moist slopes and meadows. Moist woods. Yes No No No S3S4 Yes Yes Yes No --- S2 S1 S1 Yes ------S1S2 ------bitter-root linanthus twayblade western smooth rockstar rockstar small-flowered Moist coniferous forests. biscuit-root hillsides Dry and plains. marsh felwort least lupine No No Wet meadows and saline flats. Yes Yes Yes S1 S2 Yes --- S2S3 ------purshii pygmaea var. var. Scientific Name Common Name Habitat Monotropa hypopithys Mimulus floribundus Mimulus guttatus Mertensia longiflora Microseris nutans Melica smithii Melica spectabilis Mertensia lanceolata Lupinus polyphyllus hitchcockii Luzula rufescens Luzula Lomatogonium rotatum Lomatogonium Lupinus minimus Lithophragma parviflorum Lomatium cous Listera convallarioides Lithophragma glabrum Lilaea scilloides Linanthus septentrionalis Listera caurina Lewisia pygmaea Lewisia rediviva Lesquerella arctica Larix occidentalis

Page A8 2 2 Additional Additional Designations 1 Rank Provincial Preferred Preferred Habitat in Vicinity of Vicinity Right-of-Way NoNo Yes Yes S1 S2 ------No Yes S3 --- No Yes S2No --- No No Yes S2No S2 --- Yes --- S1 G2G4 No Yes S1 --- Yes Yes S2 --- Yes No S2? G5T3 Yes Yes S3 --- Yes Yes S1 --- Range Right-of-Way Right-of-Way within Species nd streams. No Yes S1S2 --- Appendix A Appendix Bogs and stream banks; wet Bogs and stream banks; wet areas. Alpine/subalpine and subalpine and ridges.meadows dry Dry openDry ground or open woods. openDry areas and rocky slopes; sandy woodlands. mountain Coniferous woods, slopes. openDry montane and subalpine slopes. Dry open areas and montane open Dry and subalpine slopes. Limestone crevices on cliffs and ledges. Dry slopes and flats; on moist slopes and flats; on Dry soil. sandy Moist alpine/subalpine and meadows streambanks. Gravelly places and disturbed and woodlands coulee areas; shrubbery. Moist ledges and slopes at Moist ledges and slopes higher elevations; shores, seepage areas. Alberta/Jasper National Park Cont’d National Alberta/Jasper Potential Vascular Plant Species of Concern in the Vicinity of the Project in of the in the Vicinity Species of Concern Vascular Plant Potential small northern grass-of- parnassus purple mountain locoweed locoweed mountain purple smooth cliff-brake Calcareous cliffs and ledges. No Yes S2 --- blue beardtongue false-box false-box little rice grass little-seed rice grass cicely sweet western Montane woods. No Yes S3 --- western dwarf cliff-brake dwarf western Calcareous cliffs and ledges. No Yes S1 --- leafy lousewort cliff-brake Gastony's smooth cliff-brake limestone rocks. Dry No Yes S2 --- small baby-blue-eyes small baby-blue-eyes yellowlow evening-primrose one-flowered cancer-root Moist meadows and woods. Moist woods. cicely smooth sweet No cicely purple sweet Moist woods. alpine meadow butterweed YesAmerican politer Moist coniferous woods. No S1S2 Yes No --- No S2 Yes Yes --- S2 S2 ------small-leaved montia slender naiad Ponds a davisii var. simplex ssp. ssp. Scientific Name Common Name Habitat Penstemon albertinus Pellaea glabella occidentalis Pellaea glabella Pellaea gastonyi Pellaea glabella Paxistima myrsinites Paxistima Pedicularis racemosa Parnassia parviflora Packera subnuda Parietaria pensylvanica Osmorhiza purpurea Osmorhiza Oxytropis campestris Osmorhiza longistylis Osmorhiza occidentalis Osmorhiza Oryzopsis exigua Oryzopsis micrantha Nemophila breviflora Oenothera flava Orobanche uniflora Najas flexilis Montia parvifolia

Page A9 2 2 2 Additional Additional Designations 1 Rank Provincial Preferred Preferred Habitat in Vicinity of Vicinity Right-of-Way No Yes S2 --- NoNo YesNo No S1 YesNo S3? --- SU Yes ------S2 --- Yes Yes SU --- Yes NoYes S3? Yes --- S2 --- Yes Yes S2 --- Range Right-of-Way Right-of-Way within Species y soil rock and open ground. No Yes S1 --- Appendix A Appendix slopes. No No S2 G3 S2 No No slopes. Open often on talus woods; slopes. ground;Dry sand outcrops. Moist woods and meadows; and meadows; Moist woods middle and upper elevations. Rocky ravines,Rocky hillsides and coniferous forest. Timber-line belt of the Rocky Mountains. Exposed rocky slopes and hilltops to subalpine elevations. Open rocky slopes in mountains. Nonalkaline grassy gravellyand slopes. Dry, rocky slopes and open woods. Alberta/Jasper National Park Cont’d National Alberta/Jasper Potential Vascular Plant Species of Concern in the Vicinity of the Project in of the in the Vicinity Species of Concern Vascular Plant Potential smooth-leaved cinquefoil alpine/subalpine Dry slopes. Yes No S2 G3G4Q narrow-leaved bluegrass knotweed least pondweed white-stem Deep water. Yes No S2 --- mock orange Moist mountain woods. No Yes S1 --- slender phlox slender phlox to moist, Dry leafy pondweed floating-leaf pondweedHooker's cinquefoil edges. Shallow water Shallow lakes and ponds. rocky slopes. Dry No Yes Yes Yes Yes S2 S2 Yes S2 ------slender bog orchid pacific bluegrass Seepage area. Watson's knotweed polypody western Moist meadows and flats. No outcrops. Moist rocky No Yes No Yes S2 Yes S2 --- G4G5T3T4 S1S2 --- silver-leaved scorpionweed linear-leaved scorpionweed scorpionweed Lyall's slopes Dry and valleys. northern beech fern open slopes and shores. Dry mallow-leaved ninebark Scree No Moist pinewhitebark No woodlands. limber pine Yespine white western Yes ribgrass western Yes S2 S3 Yes ------S2 --- crested beardtongue shrubby beardtongue large-flowered beardtongue open slopes. Dry slopes. Rocky No No Yes Yes S3 S3 ------ssp. var. gracilis ssp. Scientific Name Common Name Habitat Potentilla hookeriana Potentilla multisecta Potamogeton foliosusPotamogeton Potamogeton natans Potamogeton praelongus Polygonum polygaloides Polypodium hesperium Polygonum minimum confertiflorum Platanthera stricta Poa gracillima Poa stenantha Plantago canescens Pinus flexilis Pinus monticola Physocarpus malvaceus Pinus albicaulis Phegopteris connectilis Philadelphus lewisii Phlox gracilis Phacelia hastata Phacelia linearis Phacelia lyallii Penstemon fruticosus Penstemon fruticosus Penstemon lyallii Penstemon eriantherus scouleri

Page A10 2 2 Additional Additional Designations 1 Rank Provincial Preferred Preferred Habitat in Vicinity of Vicinity Right-of-Way No Yes S3 --- Yes Yes S1 --- Yes Yes S3Yes --- Yes S2 --- Yes Yes S2 --- YesYes Yes Yes S2 S2 ------Yes YesYes S1 Yes --- S2 --- Range Right-of-Way Right-of-Way within Species Appendix A Appendix Calcareous riverbanks, floodplains and meadows. Dry to moist open slopes and Dry banks, roadsides. Alpine slopes, bars and gravel river terraces, glacial moraines, forests. young foothills; Prairie grassland, calcareous soil. Rocky Rocky scree slopes,outcrops, alpine/subalpine meadows. Gravel bars and river terraces and in young forests Moist alpine/subalpine banks and ledges. Moist alpine/subalpine slopes, areas; preferswet saline soil. Mesic to dry grasslands, shrublands, sandy flats, rocky slopes and open montane forests. Alberta/Jasper National Park Cont’d National Alberta/Jasper ad Ponds, lakes and ditches. No Yes S1 --- Potential Vascular Plant Species of Concern in the Vicinity of the Project in of the in the Vicinity Species of Concern Vascular Plant Potential woolly willow willow woolly blunt-leaved yellow-cress Dried-up slough bottoms. No No S1 --- broad-leaved arrowhe little bluestem one-floweredironplant Alaska willow hairy cinquefoil purple rattlesnakeroot Greenland primrose and thickets. Moist banks shores. and meadows Wet Yes Yes Yes Yes S2 S2 G3G4 --- Merten's saxifrage Merten's saxifrage stream saxifrage Moist banks. Moist meadows and woods. No No Yes Yes S1 S3 ------changeable willow Alaska saxifrage erect primrose bracken fern large wintergreen white-veined wintergreen buttercup early Coniferous woods. Woods and thickets. woods. Wet hairy buttercup currant sticky Sitka romanzoffia No Yes Moist shaded woodland. No Moist rocks and ledges. Montane Yes woods. Yes Yes Yes S1 S3 Yes Yes S3 G5T3T5 No --- Yes S2 Yes --- S2 S3 ------bushy cinquefoil bushy Moist flats and shores. No Yes S2 --- var. truncata var. alaxensis var. calcicola var. ssp. Scientific Name Common Name Habitat Saxifraga mertensiana Saxifraga odontoloma Schizachyrium scoparium scoparium Salix lanata Saxifraga ferruginea Salix commutata Sagittaria latifolia alaxensis Salix Ranunculus uncinatus Ribes viscosissimum sitchensis Romanzoffia Rorippa curvipes pubescens unifloraPyrrocoma Ranunculus glaberrimus Pteridium aquilinum Pyrola bracteata Pyrola picta Primula egaliksensis Primula stricta Potentilla villosa Prenanthes sagittata Potentilla paradoxa

Page A11 2 Additional Additional Designations 1 Rank Provincial Preferred Preferred Habitat in Vicinity of Vicinity Right-of-Way No Yes S1 --- No Yes S1S2 --- NoNo Yes Yes S1No S2No Yes --- Yes --- S1No SNR --- Yes --- S1 --- Yes No S2 --- Range Right-of-Way Right-of-Way within Species s and ledges. No Yes S1 --- mountain slopes. Yes Yes S1S2 --- Appendix A Appendix Damp meadows and streambanks. Boggy or groundwet and wet thickets. Open and turfy woodland shores. hillsides. Open areas, rocky No Yes S2 --- Moist meadows, thickets and places, boggy 1,800- woods; 2,000 m. moderate Moist woods, elevations. in mountains; west Moist woods of continental divide. and Wet places, meadows wet thickets. Brackish or salineand muds sands. Alberta/Jasper National Park Cont’d National Alberta/Jasper Potential Vascular Plant Species of Concern in the Vicinity of the Project in of the in the Vicinity Species of Concern Vascular Plant Potential low townsendia low false-asphodelwestern Wet, calcareous sites. hillsides Dry and prairies. nodding trisetum Yes trisetum awnless No violet Macloskey's Moist woods. Yes No Moist woods. S1 S2 No ------Yes Yes Yes S2 S1 ------meadow chickweed chickweed meadow suksdorfiawhite rocks. Moist mossy No Yes S2 --- prairie grass wedge Moist meadows, open woods. Yes Yes S2 --- tall trisetum broad-leaved yellowprairie violet Moist woods. No Yes S1 --- Clinton's bulrush bulrush dwarf wakerobin western mountain trisetum woods. Moist Calcareous bogs. Mountain slope Yes No Yes Yes S2 S1 ------pink meadowsweet chickweedwavy-leaved blue suksdorfia western yew red cedar western salt-meadows few-flowered grass alpine townsendia banks. Rock crevices,mossy Cool, moist No ridges Dry in alpine areas. Yes No S1 No --- S2 --- pale blue-eyed grass salt-marsh sand spurry Moist grassy areas. No Yes S2S3 G3G4 linguifolia ssp. var. var. ssp. Scientific Name Common Name Habitat Viola praemorsa canescens Trisetum wolfii Viola pallens Trisetum cernuum Trisetum montanum montana Trichophorum pumilum Trillium ovatum Trisetum cernuum Triantha occidentalis Trichophorum clintonii Townsendia condensata Townsendia exscapa Thuja plicata Torreyochloa pallida Suksdorfia ranunculifolia Suksdorfia violacea Taxus brevifolia fernaldii Stellaria obtusa Spiraea splendens Stellaria crispa Spergularia salina Sphenopholis obtusata Sisyrinchium septentrionale

Page A12 Additional Additional Designations ally more than more ally other factors h considerably more 1 r trends. ences or few ences or few remaining on. Typically 5 or fewer 5 or fewer Typically on. Rank . (NatureServe 2005) Provincial otnote 1), ranging from 1 (5 or to 5 (demonstrably secure under conditions. Typically wit Preferred Preferred Habitat in Vicinity of Vicinity Right-of-Way 05, Kershaw et al. 2001, Moss 1994 05, Kershaw n. Typically 6-20 occurr No Yes S3S4 --- Yes Yes S1 --- Range Right-of-Way Right-of-Way within Species change with taxonomy. change with y ineradicable under present it very it very to extirpatio vulnerable 1998-2002, Environment Canada 20 1998-2002, Environment of some factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extirpati of some factor(s) making it especially et al. nable; numeric rank may ranknable; numeric may occurrences or between 3,000 10,000 individuals.and Appendix A Appendix follow parallel Ranks (see Fo a system to that for Provincial Moist calcareous and rocks shaded cliffs. Dry mountainDry slopes and open woods. in the last 20 years, but with somein the last 20 years, that expectation be but rediscovered. it may with , S2S3) is used to indicate the range of uncertainty about the exact status of the element., S2S3) is used to indicate about the exact status of the the range of uncertainty 2002 Douglas e.g. Alberta/Jasper National Park Cont’d National Alberta/Jasper et al. ng individuals (<1,000). l Consultants, Species Builder (September 19, 2005). II Software Potential Vascular Plant Species of Concern in the Vicinity of the Project in of the in the Vicinity Species of Concern Vascular Plant Potential smooth woodsia smooth woodsia bear-grass (NatureServe 2005). individuals (1,000-3,000). occurrences or very few remainioccurrences or few very than 100 occurrences and more than 10,000 individuals. making it vulnerable to extirpation. Typically 21-100 100 occurrences and more than 10,000 individuals. fewer occurrences)fewer to 5 (demonstrably secure under present For legibility, ranks G4-G5 and T4-T5 conditions). displayed are not S3 = Vulnerable: because rare in and uncommon, or found a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or because of SU = Unrankable: currently unrankable due to lack or due to substantiallyof information conflicting information about status o S1 = Imperilled: because Critically of extreme rarity or because present conditions) S2 = Imperilled: because of rarity or because of some factor(s) making S#S# = SH ( Range Rank: a numeric range rank = usually Historical occurrence; not verified S4 = S5 Apparently Secure: uncommon but not rare, and usually in the province.widespread Possible cause of long-term concern. Usu = Secure: common, and abundantwidespread, in the province. Essentiall ? Q = T = numeric Inexact rank: denotes numeric inexact rank. HYB = = Questionable taxonomy: taxonomic is status questio NR subspecies. a associatedrank with Designates a element Hybrid: not ranked because it represents an interspecific hybrid and not a species. = assessed. Unranked: rank not yet 2005a, ANHIC PryerArgus and 1990, Douglas Scientific Name Common Name Habitat Xerophyllum tenax Woodsia glabella Notes: 1. on the Provincialspecies' (S) ranks are based solely the status within province, and range occurrences) from 1 (5 or fewer Sources: Data generated using TERAEnvironmenta 2. and Global (G) ranks are based on a species' status world-wide

Page A13 ic zone ata Deficient' were generally ata Deficient' were pecies of migratory birds protected 2005). Species2005). listed or 'D at Risk' 'Not as 'Extirpated', , 1994.' (Section 58(1)). Schedule 1 establishes the Wildlife List of Speciesthe four risk at Risk categoriesin (extirpated, ecial concern) COSEWIC (See Footnote 3). the most as assessed under current criteria by establishes criteria for the protection of species '(a) the criticalwhere habitat is on federal land, in the exclusive econom Act . The Migratory Birds Convention Act by the by endangered, threatened or sp endangered, threatened of Canada or on the continentalof Canada or on the listed (b) the speciesspecies; shelf of Canada; is an aquatic listed species or (c) the is a s not included in the table being present. factors other noteworthy without AEndangered: facing species extirpation imminent or extinction. Threatened: to A species likely become limiting endangered if factors are not reversed. Species At Risk Act 3. the Status of Endangered Wildlife on Committee inCanada (COSEWIC 4.

Page A14 , 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Blue G5T3T5 Additional Additional Designations other factors 1 004, E-Flora 2005 ences or few ences or few remaining on. Typically 5 or fewer 5 or fewer Typically on. Rank . (NatureServe 2005) (SBSdh) BGC; Argus and Provincial Provincial ; or are candidates for such nsitive to human activities or otnote 1), ranging from 1 (5 or to 5 (demonstrably secure under Habitat Preferred Preferred n. Typically 6-20 occurr in Vicinity of of in Vicinity Right-of-Way Right-of-Way d Cronquist 1973, Klinkenberg 2 Yes Yes S3 Blue within within Range der the Wildlife Act; are extirpated Species Right-of-Way it very it very to extirpatio vulnerable of some factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extirpati of some factor(s) making it especially occurrences or between 3,000 10,000 individuals.and endangered or threatened un follow parallel Ranks (see Fo a system to that for Provincial APPENDIX A concern because of characteristicsconcern that make them particularly se Environment Canada 2005, Hitchcock an Environment rest District, Interior Cedar-Hemlockrest (ICHmm) Sub-Boreal and Spruce s, south facing slopes. s, south facing slopes. Unconfirmed Yes S1 Red , S2S3) is used to indicate the range of uncertainty about the exact status of the element., S2S3) is used to indicate about the exact status of the the range of uncertainty e.g. ng individuals (<1,000). Disturbed places, and fields places.wet Moist slopes, streambanks. YesRelatively dry inbogs, usually sphagnum peat. Yes Yes S2S3 Yes S2S3 Blue purple-leaved willowherb meadow willow meadow plains butterweed clubrush dwarf thickets. Wet open forests. Dry, Bogs, lakeshores meadows. and wet Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes S2S3 Yes Blue S2S3 S2S3 Blue Blue Canada anemone boreal moonwort Moist meadows and forest openings. bald sedge drabagray-leaved meadow Dry meadows and cliffs. Dry YesHornemann's dunes. Sand willowherb sheathed cotton- grass Yes Yes S2S3 Yes No Blue S2S3 No Blue S2S3 Blue (NatureServe 2005). individuals (1,000-3,000). occurrences or very few remainioccurrences or few very making it vulnerable to extirpation. Typically 21-100 ssp. ssp. POTENTIAL VASCULAR SPECIES PLANT THE VICINITY CONCERN IN OF PROJECT OF THE MRPP/BC IN fewer occurrences)fewer to 5 (demonstrably secure under present For legibility, ranks G4-G5 and T4-T5 conditions). displayed are not Red List: Includes species that have been legally designated as designation. threatenedBlue List: Includes species but of not immediately natural events. S3 = Vulnerable: because rare in and uncommon, or found a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or because of S1 = Imperilled: because Critically of extreme rarity or because Pryer 1990, Pryer Douglas et al. 2002, Douglas et al. 1998-2001, present conditions) S2 = Imperilled: because of rarity or because of some factor(s) making S#S# = Range Rank: a numeric range rank ( Scientific Name Common Name Habitat 3. BC Provincial List (BC CDC 2005) Sources: Fo MSRM and BC WLAP 2005 -- Criteria: Headwaters BC Salix petiolaris Senecio plattensis Trichophorum pumilum Eriophorum vaginatum Epilobium ciliatum watsonii ssp. Epilobium hornemannii vaginatum Anemone canadensis borealeBotrychium Carex tonsa var. tonsa Draba cinerea behringianum Notes: 1. on the Provincial (S) ranks are based solely species' the status within province, and range occurrences) from 1 (5 or fewer 2. and Global (G) ranks are based on a species' status world-wide

Page A15 Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005

APPENDIX A

RARE VASCULAR AND NONVASCULAR PLANT RECORDS PROVIDED BY ANHIC

Number of Scientific Name Common Name* Location Occurrences VASCULAR PLANTS Agrostis mertensii northern bent grass RSA 1 Agrostis thurberiana Thurber’s bent grass LSA, RSA LSA x 1, RSA x 1 Aquilegia formosa Sitka columbine LSA, RSA LSA x 1, RSA x 1 Botrychium minganense mingan grape fern LSA 3 Botrychium multifidum var. intermedium leather grape fern LSA 1 Boykinia heucheriformis RSA 7 Braya humilis var. maccallae leafy braya RSA 1 Cardamine bellidifolia alpine bitter cress RSA 1 Carex crawei Crawe’s sedge LSA 1 Carex heleonastes Hudson Bay sedge LSA 1 Carex hookerana Hooker’s sedge LSA 1 Carex lenticularis var. dolia lens-fruited sedge RSA 1 Carex parryana var. parryana Parry’s sedge LSA, RSA LSA x 2, RSA x 1 Carex petricosa stone sedge LSA, RSA LSA x 2, RSA x 2 Carex platylepis broad-scaled sedge RSA 1 Castilleja lutescens stiff yellow paintbrush RSA 1 Danthonia spicata poverty oat grass RSA 1 Draba fladnizensis whitlow-grass RSA 1 Eleocharis compressa var. borealis flattened spike-rush LSA 1 Erigeron flagellaris creeping fleabane RSA 1 Geranium erianthum geranium LSA 1 Glyceria elata tufted tall manna grass LSA 1 Hierochloe alpina alpine sweet grass RSA 1 Huperzia haleakalae RSA 1 Isoetes maritima RSA 2 Isoetes occidentalis RSA 1 Isoetes x truncata RSA 1 Juncus parryi Parry’s rush RSA 1 Parnassia parviflora small northern grass-of-parnassus LSA 1 Plantago canescens western ribgrass RSA 2 Potamogeton natans floating-leaf pondweed RSA 1 Potentilla drummondii Drummond’s cinquefoil RSA 1 Potentilla hookeriana Hooker’s cinquefoil LSA, RSA LSA x 1, RSA x 2 Potentilla villosa hairy cinquefoil RSA 1 Primula stricta erect primrose RSA 1 Pyrola grandiflora Arctic wintergreen RSA 1 Ranunculus nivalis snow buttercup RSA 1 Ranunculus uncinatus hairy buttercup RSA 1 Saxifraga flagellaris ssp. setigera spiderplant RSA 1 Saxifraga nivalis alpine saxifrage RSA 1 Trichophorum pumilum dwarf bulrush RSA 3

Page A16 Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005

Appendix A Rare Vascular and Nonvascular Plant Records Cont'd

Number of Scientific Name Common Name* Location Occurrences NONVASCULAR PLANTS Acarospora heppii LSA 1 Aloina brevirostris short-beaked rigid screw moss LSA, RSA LSA x 3, RSA x 2 Aloina rigida aloe-like rigid screw moss LSA 2 Anaptychia setifera RSA 1 Anastrophyllum helleranum liverwort RSA 1 Andreaea alpestris RSA 1 Andreaea blyttii RSA 1 Andreaea nivalis red rock moss RSA 1 Andreaea rupestris black rock moss RSA 1 Arthonia patellulata RSA 1 Athalamia hyalina liverwort LSA 1 Atrichum undulatum undulated crane’s bill moss RSA 1 Aulacomnium acuminatum RSA 1 Barbilophozia quadriloba liverwort RSA 1 Bartramia halleriana Haller’s apple moss LSA 1 Brachythecium rutabulum LSA 1 Bryoerythrophyllum ferruginascens red leaf moss RSA 1 Bryoria nitidula RSA 1 Bryoria tenuis RSA 1 Bryum algovicum LSA, RSA LSA x 1, RSA x 3 Bryum amblyodon RSA 1 Bryum calobryoides RSA 1 Bryum calophyllum RSA 2 Buellia elegans LSA 1 Campylium polygamum LSA, RSA LSA x 2, RSA x 1 Cirriphyllum cirrosum RSA 1 Cladonia acuminata RSA 1 Conocephalum conicum liverwort RSA 1 Coscinodon calyptratus sieve-toothed big calyptra moss LSA 1 Cryptogramma stelleri Steller’s rock brake RSA 1 Cynodontium schisti RSA 1 Cynodontium strumiferum LSA 1 Cynodontium tenellum LSA 1 Desmatodon heimii var. heimii LSA 1 Dicranella palustris drooping-leaved fork moss RSA 1 Dicranella subulata awl-leaved fork moss RSA 2 Dicranum angustum cushion moss RSA 1 Didymodon nigrescens RSA 1 Didymodon rigidulus rigid screw moss LSA 1 Encalypta brevicolla candle-suffer moss RSA 1 Endocarpon pusillum LSA 1 Fissidens adianthoides maidenhair moss LSA 2 Fulgensia fulgens LSA 1 Funaria muhlenbergii Muhlenberg’s cord moss LSA 1 Grimmia mollis RSA 1 Grimmia teretinervis LSA 1 Grimmia torquata twisted-leaved grimmia LSA 1

Page A17 Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005

Appendix A Rare Vascular and Nonvascular Plant Records Cont'd

Number of Scientific Name Common Name* Location Occurrences Herzogiella seligeri RSA 1 Heterocladium dimorphum RSA 1 Homalothecium pinnatifidum LSA 1 Hygrohypnum bestii RSA 1 Hygrohypnum cochlearifolium RSA 1 Hygrohypnum molle RSA 1 Hygrohypnum ochraceum RSA 1 Hygrohypnum smithii RSA 1 Hypnum procerrimum LSA, RSA LSA x 1, RSA x 1 Jaffueliobryum wrightii LSA 1 Kiaeria starkei alpine broom moss RSA 1 Lecanora behringii Sunken-stud lichen LSA 1 Lecidella elaeochroma RSA 1 Limprichtia cossonii RSA 1 Loeskypnum badium RSA 1 Lomatogonium rotatum marsh felwort LSA 3 Lophozia excisa liverwort RSA 1 Lophozia grandiretis liverwort LSA 1 Marsupella brevissima liverwort RSA 1 Mielichhoferia macrocarpa LSA 1 Mnium ambiguum RSA 3 Mnium pennata RSA 1 Myurella sibirica RSA 1 Neckera pennata RSA 1 Ochrolechia inaequatula RSA 1 Orthotrichum affine LSA 1 Orthotrichum pallens LSA 1 Parmelia omphalodes LSA 1 Pedicularis racemosa leafy lousewort LSA 1 Pellaea glabella ssp. simplex LSA 1 Pellia neesiana liverwort RSA 1 Plagiobryum zierii RSA 1 Platydictya minutissima LSA 1 Pohlia drummondii RSA 1 Pohlia obtusifolia RSA 1 Pohlia vexans RSA 1 Polytrichum sexangulare northern hair moss RSA 2 Pseudoleskea atricha RSA 1 Pseudoleskeella sibirica RSA 2 Psora himalayana LSA, RSA LSA x 1, RSA x 1 Pterygoneurum ovatum hairy-leaved beardless moss LSA 1 Pterygoneurum subsessile LSA 1 Racomitrium aciculare RSA 2 Racomitrium heterostichum RSA 1 Racomitrium sudeticum RSA 1 Ramalina sinensis RSA 1 Rhizomnium nudum RSA 1 Rinodina polyspora RSA 1

Page A18 Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005

Appendix A Rare Vascular and Nonvascular Plant Records Cont'd

Number of Scientific Name Common Name* Location Occurrences Schistidium tenerum thread bloom moss LSA 1 Scouleria aquatica RSA 1 Solorinella asteriscus RSA 1 Stegonia pilifera RSA 3 Tayloria lingulata tongue-leaf small-kettle moss LSA, RSA LSA x 1, RSA x 1 Tortella inclinata bent screw moss RSA 1 Tritomaria scitula liverwort RSA 1 Ulota curvifolia LSA, RSA LSA x 1, RSA x 1 Warnstorfia tundrae brown moss LSA 1 Xanthoparmelia lineola LSA 1 Source: ANHIC 2005a Note: *Common names are included where provided by ANHIC

APPENDIX A

RARE PLANT RECORDS PROVIDED BY BC CDC

Number of Scientific Name Common Name* Location Occurrences Anemone canadensis LSA 1 Botrychium boreale RSA 1 Carex tonsa var. tonsa RSA 2 Draba cinerea RSA 2 Eleocharis tenuis RSA 1 Epilobium ciliatum ssp. watsonii LSA 1 Erigeron trifidus trifid-leaved fleabane RSA 1 Eriophorum vaginatum ssp. vaginatum RSA 1 Salix petiolaris RSA 1 Senecio plattensis RSA 1 Trichophorum pumilum dwarf bulrush RSA 2 Source: BC CDC 2005 Note: *Common names are included where provided by BC CDC.

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APPENDIX B

POTENTIAL PLANT COMMUNITIES OF CONCERN

Page B1

APPENDIX B

PLANT COMMUNITIES OF CONCERN IN THE LOWER FOOTHILLS AND MONTANE NATURAL SUBREGIONS (ALBERTA/JASPER NATIONAL PARK)

Preferred LSA within Habitat within Provincial Scientific Names Common Names Habitat Community Range LSA Rank 1 Forest / Woodland Abies bifolia - Pinus flexilis - Populus subalpine fir - limber pine - Colluvial or morainal, northwest-facing slopes. No No S2? tremuloides / Thalictrum venulosum aspen / veiny meadow rue Betula papyrifera / Betula occidentalis / white birch / water birch / Subxeric, moderately steep Montane slopes of south aspect Yes Yes S1 Arctostaphylos uva-ursi common bearberry Picea glauca / Betula pumila - Salix bebbiana / white spruce / dwarf birch - Poorly-drained Montane wetland complexes of peaty Gleysols with diverse flora Possible, Yes S1? Carex eburnea Bebb's willow / bristle - unconfirmed leaved sedge Picea glauca / Rosa acicularis / Thuidium white spruce / prickly rose / Montane loess deposition forests on level to moderately sloping, north-facing sites Yes Yes S1 abietinum fern moss Picea glauca / Shepherdia canadensis / white spruce / Canada Montane to Subalpine closed forests, generally on north-facing slopes of eolian and fluvial Yes Yes S2 Thuidium abietinum buffaloberry / fern moss landforms Picea glauca / Thuidium abietinum white spruce / fern moss Highly calcareous eolian and fluvial landforms and on talus and valley side slopes within the Yes Yes S2S3 Montane and Subalpine subregions of the Rocky Mountain Natural Region.

Page B2 Picea mariana southernmost population black spruce southernmost Wet areas in the Bragg Creek area. No No SU (W) population Pinus flexilis - Pseudotsuga menziesii / limber pine - Douglas - fir / Occurs in the Montane on steep, south-facing erosional scarps. No No S2 Juniperus spp. / Arctostaphylos uva-ursi juniper species / common bearberry Pinus flexilis / Arctostaphylos uva-ursi - limber pine / common Rapidly to well-drained sites of colluvial or residual parent material. No No S2S3 Juniperus horizontalis bearberry - creeping juniper Populus tremuloides - P. balsamifera / Alnus aspen - balsam poplar / green Open, mature Foothills No No S3? (W) viridis / Calamagrostis canadensis alder / bluejoint Populus balsamifera - P. tremuloides / balsam poplar - aspen / Montane communities of hygric or subhygric discharge areas, typically on mid-slope benches. No No S1S2 Alopecurus alpinus - Calamagrostis alpine foxtail – bluejoint canadensis Populus tremuloides / Leymus innovatus - aspen / hairy wild rye - showy Montane to Subalpine avalanche communities on mesic to subxeric, steep, south-facing colluvial Yes Yes S2 Aster conspicuus avalanche community aster avalanche community slopes. Populus tremuloides / Rubus parviflorus aspen / thimbleberry Found primarily on gentle to steep slopes on various aspects in Foothills Parkland and Montane No No S2 communities of southwest Alberta. Populus tremuloides / Rubus parviflorus / aspen / thimbleberry / wild Western part of the Central Mixedwood, extending into the Lower Foothills. No No S2S3 Aralia nudicaulis sarsaparilla Pseudotsuga menziesii / Leymus innovatus Douglas fir / hairy wild rye Xeric, south-facing slopes in the Montane Natural Subregion. Yes Yes S3? (W) Pseudotsuga menziesii - Pinus flexilis / Douglas fir - limber pine / Rapidly to well-drained sites on upper slopes and crests at moderate elevations in the southwest No No S2S3 Juniperus communis / Festuca campestris ground juniper / mountain Montane rough fescue Pseudotsuga menziesii - grassland complex Douglas-fir savannah Warm, dry sites in the Montane Yes Yes -- mature Pseudotsuga menziesii mature Douglas-fir stands Warm, dry sites in the Montane Yes Yes -- Shrubland Artemisia tridentata ssp. vaseyana - big sagebrush – saskatoon Montane communities of steep, stony, south-west facing colluvial slopes with frequent rock No No S1 Amelanchier alnifolia outcrops.

Appendix B Plant Communities of Concern in the Lower Foothills and Montane Natural Subregions (Alberta/Jasper National Park) Cont'd

Preferred LSA within Habitat within Provincial Scientific Names Common Names Habitat Community Range LSA Rank 1 Artemisia tridentata ssp. vaseyana - Rhamnus big sagebrush - alder - leaved Montane meadows adjacent to the South Castle River. No No S1 alnifolia buckthorn Betula occidentalis riparian shrubland water birch riparian shrubland At low elevations on alluvial terraces, streambanks, and abandoned channels along rivers and Possible, Yes S2S3 streams. unconfirmed Betula occidentalis - Amelanchier alnifolia / water birch - saskatoon / A Montane dune / swale community of sandy areas No No S1 Artemisia campestris - Elymus lanceolatus plains wormwood - northern (Agropyron dasystachyum) wheat grass Elaeagnus commutata riparian shrubland silverberry riparian shrubland May occur in the Dry Mixed Grassland, Mixed Grassland, Foothills, Foothills Parkland and Montane Yes Yes SU Natural Regions, but not well documented in Alberta. Found on silty alluvial soils on glacial fluvial or lacustrine deposits. Salix bebbiana / Cornus stolonifera beaked willow / red-oiser Riparian community of alluvial terraces and moist to wet soils such as near springs and seeps. A Possible, Yes S3? dogwood minor riparian type found throughout the Grassland Natural Region as well as in the Central unconfirmed Parkland, Foothills Parkland and Montane subregions. It is a major type in the Lower Foothills Subregion. Herbaceous

Page B3 Danthonia parryi - Festuca idahoensis - Parry oat grass - Idaho Subxeric to submesic, rapidly well drained sites with a southerly aspect in the Montane subregion. No No SU Festuca campestris fescue - mountain rough fescue Elymus lanceolatus - Antennaria parviflora northern wheat grass - small - Woodland edges and former wooded sites in the Kootenay Plains area. Occupies mid slopes (3 - No No S1 leaved everlasting 5%) with northerly and southerly aspects on alluvial fans. Elymus lanceolatus - Artemisia dracunculus - northern wheat grass - Nearly level, well-drained, submesic sites in the Montane Natural Subregion. No No S1 Artemisia frigida dragonwort - pasture sagewort Elymus lanceolatus - Artemisia frigida northern wheat grass - Xeric, steep, south-facing slopes in Montane region and colluvial, glacial and fluvial landforms on Yes Yes S2S3 pasture sagewort slopes subject to constant disturbance. Elymus lanceolatus - Elymus trachycaulus northern wheat grass - A Montane community type described from a river terrace in the Kootenay Plains area. No No S1 slender wheat grass Elymus lanceolatus - Stipa comata northern wheat grass - needle A community type of the Montane, Dry Mixedgrass and possibly the Foothills Fescue subregions. Possible, Yes S1S2 - and – thread Occurs on the toe edge of alluvial fans, with well-drained soils characterized by submesic moisture unconfirmed regimes in the Montane. In the Dry Mixedgrass it is found on undulating to gently rolling areas. Elymus trachycaulus – Koeleria macrantha slender wheat grass – June Occupies level salt plains of the Northern Mixedwood Subregion (Raup 1935). May also occur in Possible, Yes SU grass the Montane and Subalpine subregions. unconfirmed Festuca campestris - Leymus innovatus mountain rough fescue - hairy Level to gently south-facing mesic to submesic, well-drained sites in the Montane and possibly No No S2S3 (Elymus innovatus) wild rye Upper Foothills Natural Subregions. Festuca hallii - Carex spp. / Arctostaphylos plain's rough fescue - sedges Found on shallow soils of hill tops and steep south to south west facing coulee slopes in the No No S1 uva-ursi / common bearberry Central Parkland and Northern Fescue Grassland. Xeric to mesic sites; frequently sandy. Koeleria macrantha - Artemisia frigida - Linum June grass - pasture Dry, Montane community of fluvial (fans and aprons), morainal (erosional scarps) and eolian Yes Yes S2S3 lewisii sagewort - wild blue flax landforms (veneers). Found on moderately level to easterly or southerly, moderately sloping sites. Pseudoroegneria spicata - Carex obtusata bluebunch wheat grass - Occupies middle and upper slopes with mostly southerly aspects (slope range: 4-48%) within the No No S1 blunt sedge Montane and Subalpine subregions in southwestern Alberta. Pseudoroegneria spicata - Festuca campestris bluebunch wheat grass - Found on subxeric to mesic Foothills Parkland, Subalpine and Montane sites on gentle to steep No No S1S2 mountain rough fescue slopes with mostly southerly aspects.

Appendix B Plant Communities of Concern in the Lower Foothills and Montane Natural Subregions (Alberta/Jasper National Park) Cont'd

Preferred LSA within Habitat within Provincial Scientific Names Common Names Habitat Community Range LSA Rank 1 Pseudoroegneria spicata - Leymus innovatus - bluebunch wheat grass - Occupies small areas on dry, southwest facing slopes, with rapidly drained soils, within the No No S1 Aster conspicuus hairy wild rye - showy aster Montane Subregion and possibly into the lower Subalpine. Stipa richardsonii - Koeleria macrantha - Richardson's needle grass - A Front Range Montane community found in forest openings and at forest edges on dry, steep Yes Yes S2S3 Antennaria parvifolia June grass - small - leaved slopes of south aspects. everlasting Sparsely Vegetated Pascopyrum smithii - Pyrrocoma uniflora western wheat grass - one - A Montane plant community found in slight depressions at Whirlpool Point in the Kootenay Plains No No S1 flowered ironplant area (Wallis and Wershler 1981); found in areas with a high water table. Pascopyrum smithii – Stipa comata – western wheatgrass – A community of the Dry Mixedgrass, but may also occur in the area around the Cypress Hills No No S2S3 Bouteloua gracilis needle-and-thread – blue (Montane and Mixedgrass Subregions). Found mid-slope on various aspects of moderate (10-20%) gramma slopes. Data generated using TERA Environmental Consultants, Species Builder II Software (September 19, 2005). Sources: ANHIC (2005a), Allen (2005 and pers. comm.) Notes: Page B4 1. Provincial ratings range from S1 (5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining hectares) to S5 (demonstrably secure, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery). Ranks may be combined (e.g., S1S2). This indicates a larger margin of error than ranks assigned a "?" qualifier. ? = Element is not yet ranked (i.e., S?), or has an inexact numerical rank (e.g., S1?). U = Unrankable: currently unrankable due to lack of information or due to substantially conflicting information about status or trends. (W) = on Watch list, not Tracking List.

APPENDIX B

POTENTIAL NATURAL PLANT COMMUNITIES AT RISK IN THE VICINITY OF THE PROJECT (MOUNT ROBSON PROVINCIAL PARK/BRITISH COLUMBIA)

Right-of-Way within Preferred Habitat in Vicinity of BGC Scientific Name Common Name Habitat Species Range Right-of-Way BC Rank1 BC Status2 Zone(s) 3 Picea mariana - Pinus contorta / black spruce - lodgepole pine / kalmias / Wet bog areas Yes Yes S3 Blue ICHmm/07 Kalmia spp. / Sphagnum spp. peat-mosses SBSvk/08

Pinus contorta / Vaccinium lodgepole pine / velvet-leaved blueberry / Wet to dry sites on low to toe Yes Yes S2 Red SBSdh1/02 myrtilloides / Cladonia spp. clad lichens slope positions

Pseudotsuga menziesii - Picea Douglas-fir - hybrid white spruce / Dry sites on mid to low slope Yes Yes S3 Blue SBSdh1/06 engelmannii x glauca / Rubus thimbleberry positions SBSdw1/06 parviflorus SBSmh/01 SBSmh/05 SBSmh/06 SBSvk/03 SBSwk3/03 SBSwk3a/01 SBSwk3a/03 Pseudotsuga menziesii - Pinus Douglas-fir - lodgepole pine / clad lichens Dry sites on mid to low slope No Yes S3 Blue SBSdw1/02 contorta / Cladonia spp. positions SBSdw2/02

Page B5 SBSdw3/02 SBSmh/02 SBSmh/03 Thuja plicata / Lysichiton americanus western redcedar / skunk cabbage / peat- Mature to old-growth forests with Yes Yes S2 Red ICHmm/08 / Sphagnum spp. mosses high precipitation

Pseudotsuga menziesii - grassland Douglas-fir savannah Dry areas Yes Yes ------complex

mature Thuja plicata - Tsuga mature western redcedar/western hemlock Mature to old-growth forests with Yes Yes ------heterophylla stands high precipitation

mature Pseudotsuga menziesii mature Douglas-fir stands Dry areas Yes Yes ------

Thuja plicata / Paxistima myrsinites western redcedar / falsebox Mature to old-growth forests with Yes Yes S3 Blue ICHdk/02 high precipitation ICHmk2/01 ICHmk2/04 ICHmk3/01 ICHmm/02 ICHwk3/03 ICHwk4/03 Source: BC MSRM and BC MWLAP 2005 Notes: 1. Provincial (S#) ratings range from 1 (critically imperilled, 5 or fewer occurrences) to 5 (demonstrably widespread, abundant, and secure). 2. Species are assigned to one of six provincial lists depending on their Subnational Conservation Status. RED - Plant communities in the wild of British Columbia which either no longer exist, face imminent extirpation or extinction, or are likely to become endangered if limiting factors are not reversed. BLUE - Includes indigenous plant communities of British Columbia considered at risk, i.e. having characteristics making them sensitive or vulnerable to human activities or natural events. 3. Indicates the Biogeoclimatic (BGC) units on which each ecological community is known to occur. The two digit number following the slash (01 and up) indicates that the ecological community occurs on a site series that is part of the BC Ministry of Forests (MOF) site series classification (see MOF Regional Field Guides to Site Identification and Interpretation for more information). A two digit number of '00' indicates that the ecological community occurs on a site unit that is not part of the MOF site series classification but is recognized from other vegetation and site classifications, and ecosystem mapping projects. Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005

APPENDIX B

RARE PLANT COMMUNITY RECORDS PROVIDED BY ANHIC

Number of Scientific Name Common Name Location Occurrences Betula papyrifera - Betula occidentalis - white birch – water birch - LSA 1 Arctostaphylos uva-ursi common bearberry Koeleria macrantha - Artemisia frigida - June grass – pasture sagewort – LSA, RSA LSA x 3, RSA x 2 Linum lewisii wild blue flax Picea glauca - Rosa acicularis - Thuidium white spruce / prickly rose / fern LSA, RSA LSA x 5, RSA x 7 abietinum moss Source: ANHIC 2005a

APPENDIX B

RARE PLANT COMMUNITY RECORDS PROVIDED BY BC CDC

Number of Scientific Name Common Name Location Occurrences Pinus contorta / Vaccinium myrtilloides / lodgepole pine / velvet-leaved LSA, RSA LSA 1, RSA 3 Cladonia spp. blueberry / clad lichens Source: BC CDC 2005

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Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005

APPENDIX C

OBSERVED VASCULAR PLANT SPECIES OF CONCERN

Page C1

APPENDIX C

RARE VASCULAR PLANT OBSERVATIONS ALONG THE PROPOSED ROUTE

Common Provincial Global Approximate UTM UTM Map ID Name Scientific Name Rank Designation KP/KL Easting Northing Abundance Habitat Growth Form Notes / Comments Alberta/JNP JE01 early Ranunculus S2 G5 KP/KL 312.4 452966 5907787 – trembling aspen forest perennial Environmental plot JE01 buttercup glaberrimus assessed during wildlife habitat assessment V001 spathulate Botrychium S2 G3 KP/KL 314.2 452253 5906228 6 plants within 8 m x 12 m area gravelly disturbed ground of perennial grape fern spathulatum old track V002 dwarf Trichophorum S2 G5 KP/KL 314.6 452009 5905854 100's plants within 35 m x 30 m moss mounds at edge of perennial bulrush pumilum (S3W)1 452014 5905861 area calcareous marl fen V003 sandwort 2 Arenaria sp. unknown unknown KP/KL 314.6 452004 5905838 100 plants within 5 m x 30.5 m area; moss mounds of a perennial with Tentatively identified as A. forming mats on 3 mossy mounds calcareous fen stolons longipedunculata (S1, G3Q) Undergoing verification (Rich Rabeler, University of Michigan) V004 dwarf Trichophorum S2 S2 G5 KP/KL 316.6 451022 5904081 100's plants within 82 m x 20 m shrubby lower slope with perennial bulrush pumilum (S3W)1 450980 5904019 area seepage V005 small Parnassia S2 G4 KP/KL 317.6 450333 5903359 50 plants within 50 m x 50 m area quaking fen surrounding marl perennial northern parviflora (S3W)1 pond grass-of- Page C2 Page C2 parnassus V006 small Parnassia S2 G4 KP/KL 318.3 449939 5902874 10 plants within 100 m length depression in a calcareous perennial northern parviflora (S3W)1 fen grass-of- parnassus V007 scalloped Botrychium S1 G3 KP/KL 319.7 448795 5902002 1 plant amongst shrubs on moist perennial herb moonwort crenulatum ground at edge of regenerating white spruce - balsam poplar forest V008 small Parnassia S2 G4 KP/KL 320.5 448183 5901562 1,000's of plants for 1 km cleared area perennial northern parviflora (S3W)1 grass-of- parnassus V009 eyebright 2 Euphrasia sp. unknown unknown KP/KL 320.5 448149 5901535 24 plants in 2 small patches moist, calcareous open annual Undergoing verification (G. ground Griffiths sent to Ernst Viteh at Vienna Natural History Museum, Austria) V010 small Parnassia S2 G4 KP/KL 321.8 447143 5900801 ~100 plants sporadically along moist cleared area perennial northern parviflora (S3W)1 cleared area of proposed route, for grass-of- about 650 m stretch, north of parnassus existing pipeline roach V012 wild comfrey Cynoglossum S1 G5 T4 KL 325.2 444704 5898450 7 plants within 26.5 m length mature forest perennial virginianum var. 444699 5898430 boreale V013 spathulate Botrychium S2 G3 KL 325.4 444734 5897996 1 plant (above ground portion grape fern spathulatum collected, since it had shed its white spruce - balsam poplar fleshy spores) forest perennial herb

Appendix C Rare Vascular Plant Observations Along the Proposed Route Cont’d

Common Provincial Global Approximate UTM UTM Map ID Name Scientific Name Rank Designation KP/KL Easting Northing Abundance Habitat Growth Form Notes / Comments V014 wild comfrey Cynoglossum S1 G5T4T5 KL 325.4 444737 5897987 5 plants within ~40 m mature white spruce and perennial from virginianum var. balsam poplar forest on taproot boreale rocky substrate (at base of apron slope) V015 small Parnassia S2 G4 KL 326.0 444419 5897551 10 plants along old trail within 2 m moist, mossy calcareous turf perennial herb northern parviflora (S3W)1 on old trail from short grass-of- erect to parnassus ascending rhizomes V017 small Parnassia S2 G4 KL 330.1- 440535 5896612 100's of plants within ~30 m length shoreline of dugout pond perennial herb northern parviflora (S3W)1 330.3 440470 5896623 of shoreline from short grass-of- erect to parnassus ascending rhizomes V018 small Parnassia S2 G4 KP/KL 331.5 438792 5896216 100+ plants for ~200 m moist mossy calcareous turf perennial herb northern parviflora (S3W)1 on old trail from short grass-of- erect to parnassus ascending rhizomes

Page C3 Page C3 V019 mamillate Eleocharis SNR G4? KP/KL 331.9 438752 5896091 Frequent in shallow water and on intermittently flooded silt of perennial Taxonomic problems: species spikerush mamillata (S1) 1 wet silt in shoreline fen of pond Pocahontas Pond shoreline is very similar to E. palustris, ~300 m around immature specimen collected V020 mountain Hippuris montana S1 G4 KP/KL 331.9 438752 5896091 Occurs frequently for ~300 m intermittently flooded aquatic or mare's-tail around silty shoreline of fen in shoreline of fen amphibious shallow water; the fen is located perennial herb below the road embankment from slender rhizomes V023 small Parnassia S2 G4 KL 334.7- 436594 5894216 100's of plants within 70 m length, shrubby, calcareous fen with perennial herb northern parviflora (S3W)1 334.8 436528 5894184 then sporadically for abut 600 m herbaceous openings from short grass-of- erect to parnassus ascending rhizomes V024 dwarf Trichophorum S2 G5 KL 334.7- 436594 5894216 100's of plants seen within 525 m shrubby, calcareous fen with perennial herb bulrush pumilum (S3W)1 334.8 436528 5894184 length herbaceous openings from short rhizomes V031 Crawe's Carex crawei S2 G5 KP/KL 337.9- 434329 5892060 1,000's of stems within 100 m x 5 m calcareous fens on existing perennial herb sedge 338.0 434288 5891960 area along trail pipeline disturbance, mainly from slender herbaceous rhizomes V032 Hooker's Potentilla S2 G4 KP/KL 339.9- 433590 5890567 100-200 plants along 2 km stretch stony, sparsely vegetated perennial herb cinquefoil hookeriana 340.8 433149 5889520 ground from thick, ascending rhizomes V033 small Parnassia S2 G4 KP/KL 341.7 432799 5888728 Trace amount non-calcareous fen with perennial herb northern parviflora (S3W)1 flowing stream from short grass-of- erect to parnassus ascending rhizomes V034 spathulate Botrychium S2 G3 KP/KL 344.3 431469 5886431 4 pants within 1 m area open stony ground perennial herb grape fern spathulatum

Appendix C Rare Vascular Plant Observations Along the Proposed Route Cont’d

Common Provincial Global Approximate UTM UTM Map ID Name Scientific Name Rank Designation KP/KL Easting Northing Abundance Habitat Growth Form Notes / Comments V035 alpine Campanula S2 G4 KP/KL 345.9 430732 5885100 12 plants within 5 m x 5 m area open southeast-facing stony small, harebell uniflora slope on and around old perennial herb pipeline centreline, colonized from taproot by diverse herbs V036 spathulate Botrychium S2 G3 KP/KL 345.9 430726 5885104 1 plant bare, disturbed ground perennial herb grape fern spathulatum V037 small Parnassia S2 G4 KP/KL 346.4 430404 5884733 50+ plants within 30 m long marl fen on seepage slope perennial herb northern parviflora (S3W)1 hummocky area, ~20 m wide from short grass-of- erect to parnassus ascending rhizomes V039 dwarf Trichophorum S2 G5 KP/KL 346.4 430404 5884733 100's of plants within 30 m long marl fen on seepage slope perennial herb bulrush pumilum (S3W)1 hummocky area, ~20 m wide from short rhizomes V040 Hooker's Potentilla S2 G4 KP/KL 349.1 429026 5882527 100+ plants for 50 m stretch open ground in Douglas-fir / perennial herb cinquefoil hookeriana white spruce savannah from thick, ascending rhizomes V041 Hooker's Potentilla S2 G4 KP/KL 349.7 428500 5882450 1 large plant scree slope perennial herb Page C4 Page C4 cinquefoil hookeriana from thick, ascending rhizomes V042 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 352.2 426547 5881068 >25 plants and more patches up to very mossy streambank with stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 KP/KL 357 willow cover herb from branched rhizomes V043 broad-lipped Listera S2 G5 KP/KL 352.3 426546 5881034 25 plants on south side of unnamed dense silverberry community perennial from Corolla (diagnostic feature) on twayblade convallarioides channel #135, on east side of by fast-flowing stream fibrous roots collected specimen is not existing pipeline disturbance identifiable V044 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 352.4 426521 5880936 columbine (S2S3)1 V045 Hooker's Potentilla S2 G4 KP/KL 353.4 426032 5879978 20 plants in 10 m x 10 m area open, stony meadow perennial herb Cinquefoil hookeriana from thick, ascending rhizomes V046 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 354.1 425704 5879454 1,000 plants in 4 patches, southeast slight depressions in tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 side of existing pipeline disturbance grassland herb from thick, 1 m southeast of roach elongated taproot V047 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 355.5 424898 5878200 columbine (S2S3)1 V048 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 355.7 424836 5878105 columbine (S2S3)1 V049 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 355.7 424824 5878084 columbine (S2S3)1 V050 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 355.9 424713 5877906 columbine (S2S3)1

Appendix C Rare Vascular Plant Observations Along the Proposed Route Cont’d

Common Provincial Global Approximate UTM UTM Map ID Name Scientific Name Rank Designation KP/KL Easting Northing Abundance Habitat Growth Form Notes / Comments V051 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 356.3 424653 5877468 columbine (S2S3)1 V052 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 356.5 424647 5877297 columbine (S2S3)1 V053 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 357.0 424620 5876812 columbine (S2S3)1 V056 small Parnassia S2 G4 KP/KL 360.3 425924 5873922 numerous plants shallow, rocky, side channel perennial herb northern parviflora (S3W)1 of Snaring River, ~15m wide from short grass-of- erect to parnassus ascending rhizomes V057 small Parnassia S2 G4 KP/KL 361.5 426181 5872697 100's plants for 59 m staked stream edges in white perennial herb northern parviflora (S3W)1 footprint width, on both sides of spruce-lodgepole pine/willow from short grass-of- stream for 1 km community erect to parnassus ascending rhizomes V058 dwarf Trichophorum S2 G5 KP/KL 361.5 426181 5872697 100+ plants for 1 km length along stream edges in white perennial herb bulrush pumilum (S3W)1 route spruce-lodgepole pine/ from short willow community rhizomes Page C5 Page C5 V059 woolly willow Salix lanata ssp. S1 G4 KP/KL 361.7 426252 5872590 1,000's of plants exposed gravel on perennial / calcicola (S1S2)1 streambank and on gravelly shrub islands in patterned fen V060 woolly willow Salix lanata ssp. S1 G4 KP/KL 362.0 426442 5872335 1,000's of plants exposed gravel on perennial / calcicola (S1S2)1 streambank and on gravelly shrub islands in patterned fen V061 Crawe's Carex crawei S2 G5 KP/KL 362.2 426570 5872167 25 plants in 3 patches, 5 m west of moist, calcareous turf along perennial herb Sedge east boundary of existing pipeline trail with sedges from slender disturbance rhizomes V062 Hooker's Potentilla S2 G4 KP/KL 363.1 427244 5871557 100 plants scattered for 800 m gravel trail in lodgepole perennial herb Cinquefoil hookeriana length, 3 m east of existing pipeline pine/buffaloberry/bearberry from thick, roach community ascending rhizomes V063 Mingan Botrychium S2S3 G4 KP/KL 365.5 428572 5869629 1 plant disturbed forb community perennial herb grape fern minganense (SU)1 V064 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 366.3 429080 5869048 12 plants in a 1 m x 2 m area mixed forest stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched rhizomes V065 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 366.3 429098 5869028 25 plants in a 1 m x 2 m area mixed forest stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched rhizomes V066 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 366.5 429130 5868885 1 plant mixed forest stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched rhizomes

Appendix C Rare Vascular Plant Observations Along the Proposed Route Cont’d

Common Provincial Global Approximate UTM UTM Map ID Name Scientific Name Rank Designation KP/KL Easting Northing Abundance Habitat Growth Form Notes / Comments V067 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 366.5 429134 5868849 12 plants mixed forest stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched rhizomes V068 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 370.0 429882 5865475 150 plants in a 2 m x 3 m area gravelly site tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 herb from thick, elongated taproot V069 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 370.0 429896 5865390 220 plants in a 4 m x 2 m area gravelly site tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 herb from thick, elongated taproot V070 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 371.5 429522 5864102 31 veg, 10 fruiting grassland tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 herb from thick, elongated taproot V071 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 371.5 429518 5864090 ~100 plants, 25% fruiting grassland tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 herb from thick, elongated Page C6 Page C6 taproot V072 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 371.8 429346 5863906 ~500 plants open grassland area tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 herb from thick, elongated taproot V073 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 371.8 429336 5863906 ~300 plants open grassland area tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 herb from thick, elongated taproot V074 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 371.8 429333 5863890 ~500 plants open grassland area tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 herb from thick, elongated taproot V075 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 372.3 428994 5863495 ~125 vegetative, 1 in bud, 2 fruiting silverberry/rose community tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 with disturbed gravely places herb from thick, elongated taproot V076 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 372.3 428997 583470 125 plants; predominately silverberry/rose community tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 vegetative with disturbed gravely places herb from thick, elongated taproot V077 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 372.4 428950 5863434 3 patches of ~100 vegetative (3 m x silverberry/rose community tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 5 m) with disturbed gravely places herb from thick, elongated taproot V078 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 372.4 428919 5863413 2 patches of ~250 vegetative (2 m x silverberry/rose community tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 8 m) with disturbed gravely places herb from thick, elongated taproot

Appendix C Rare Vascular Plant Observations Along the Proposed Route Cont’d

Common Provincial Global Approximate UTM UTM Map ID Name Scientific Name Rank Designation KP/KL Easting Northing Abundance Habitat Growth Form Notes / Comments V079 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 372.4 428910 5863395 ~300 vegetative (2 m x 2 m) silverberry/rose community tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 with disturbed gravely places herb from thick, elongated taproot V080 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 372.6 428851 5863282 90 plants in a 3 m x 1 m area gravelly/sandy substrate tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 herb from thick, elongated taproot V081 Mingan Botrychium S2S3 G4 KP/KL 379.6 425753 5858018 4 plants roadside perennial herb grape fern minganense (SU)1 V084 Mingan Botrychium S2S3 G4 KP/KL 383.5 422248 5857057 2 plants (30 cm apart) disturbed forb community in perennial herb grape fern minganense (SU)1 existing pipeline disturbance with some tree seedlings V085 green Chrysosplenium S3 G5 KP/KL 383.7 422087 5857028 >500 plants in a 5 m x 5 m area wet, depressional area rhizomatous saxifrage tetrandrum (S3T)1 where there is a gap in old perennial herb growth spruce forest V086 green Chrysosplenium S3 G5 KP/KL 383.8 422022 5857100 >500 plants in a 5 m x 3 m area wet, depressional site rhizomatous saxifrage tetrandrum (S3T)1 perennial herb

Page C7 Page C7 V087 green Chrysosplenium S3 G5 KP/KL 383.8 422015 5857099 >200 plants in a 5 m x 1 m area wet, depressional site rhizomatous saxifrage tetrandrum (S3T)1 perennial herb V088 northwestern Botrychium S1 G4? KP/KL 385.0- 420906 5857407 53 plants over ~ 170 m toward west disturbed forb grass perennial herb grape fern pinnatum (S2S3)1 385.1 420779 5857518 community with young shrub and tree regrowth V089 lance-leaved Botrychium S2 G5 KP/KL 385.1 420822 5857515 1 plant weedy forb and grass perennial herb grape fern lanceolatum ssp. (S2S3)1 community angustisegmentum V092 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KL 388.4 417687 5857700 12 plants in a 5 m x 25 m area 10 m from highway: sparse stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 white spruce; site may have herb from been cleared during initial branched highway construction rhizomes V093 oak fern Gymnocarpium unknown unknown KL 388.7- 417311 5857746 ~500 fronds white spruce (trembling rhizomatous sp. 2 388.8 417269 5857755 aspen) forest perennial herb V097 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KL 388.8 417274 5857791 2 plants in a 0.5 m x 0.5 m area trembling aspen / Bebb’s stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 willow area herb from branched rhizomes V098 northern oak Gymnocarpium S1 G5 KL 389.0 417015 5857861 150 fronds in 1.5 m x 1 m area north facing, very steep, rock rhizomatous requires verification (Don fern jessoense (S1S2)1 slope, south side of highway, perennial herb Britton, University of Guelph 3) growing in area where moss cover on rock is high V100 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KL 389.4 416684 5857939 ~100 plants in a 15 m x 10 m area dogwood and willow stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 community herb from branched rhizomes V102 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KL 389.6 416550 5857979 11 plants white spruce forest stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched rhizomes

Appendix C Rare Vascular Plant Observations Along the Proposed Route Cont’d

Common Provincial Global Approximate UTM UTM Map ID Name Scientific Name Rank Designation KP/KL Easting Northing Abundance Habitat Growth Form Notes / Comments V108 Mingan Botrychium S2S3 G4 KP/KL 395.0 411411 5859425 1 plant old roadside edge in perennial herb grape fern minganense (SU)1 exposed area with little surrounding vegetation V111 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 395.9 410626 5859769 11 plants near the bank of the Miette stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 GIS GIS River herb from Generated Generated branched rhizomes V113 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KL 396.7 409948 5860142 3 plants in a 1 m x 1 m area shrubby riparian area at stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 edge of grassy meadow herb from branched rhizomes V114 Mingan Botrychium S2S3 G4 KL 396.7 409949 5860148 3 plants in 20 x 4 m area in a meadow dominated by perennial herb grape fern minganense (SU)1 Richardson needle grass V116 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KL 398.1 408677 5860615 ~ 80 plants in a 35 m x 30 m area. white spruce stand stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched rhizomes V117 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KL 398.2 408586 5860624 >75 plants in a 40 m x 25 m area. white spruce - balsam poplar stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 stand herb from Page C8 Page C8 branched rhizomes V118 Mingan Botrychium S2S3 G4 KL 398.5 408252 5860602 1 plant gravelly area with very little perennial herb grape fern minganense (SU)1 vegetation V124 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KL 399.3 407503 5860679 2 plants in a 1 m x 1 m area forb community stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched rhizomes V125 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KL 400.0 406859 5860589 5 plants in a 3 m x 3 m area gravely and cobbly riverbank stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched rhizomes V126 Nootka Lupinus S3 G5 KL 400.0 406859 5860589 37 plants in a 5 m x 4 m area gravelly and cobbly riverbank perennial herb lupine nootkatensis V127 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KL 400.0 406839 5860641 15 plants riparian mixed forest stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched rhizomes V128 Nootka Lupinus S3 G5 KL 400.0 406839 5860641 10 plants riparian mixed forest perennial herb lupine nootkatensis V129 Nootka Lupinus S3 G5 KL 400.0 406825 5860611 1 plant gravelly and cobbly riverbank perennial herb lupine nootkatensis V131 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KL 400.5 406365 5860491 10 plants mossy white spruce forest stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched rhizomes

Appendix C Rare Vascular Plant Observations Along the Proposed Route Cont’d

Common Provincial Global Approximate UTM UTM Map ID Name Scientific Name Rank Designation KP/KL Easting Northing Abundance Habitat Growth Form Notes / Comments V132 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KL 400.5 406318 5860487 7 plants in a 1 m x 3 m area ditch stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched rhizomes V138 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KL 405.0 402199 5861213 1 plant old railway/road bed with stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 shrub and forb cover herb from branched rhizomes V142 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KL 405.3 401950 5861292 ~100 plants in a 50 m x 10 m area balsam poplar – white spruce stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 forest herb from branched rhizomes V141 Mingan Botrychium S2S3 G5 KL 405.2 402026 5861302 10-20 plants old roadside perennial herb grape fern minganense (SU)1 V143 Mingan Botrychium S2S3 G4 KL 405.4 401864 5861327 3 plants alder riparian community perennial herb grape fern minganense (SU)1 adjacent to Miette River near old bridge approach V144 Mingan Botrychium S2S3 G4 KL 405.5 401770 5861301 6 plants at ~KL 405+507 and 1 old road (50 years) perennial herb grape fern minganense (SU)1 plant at ~KL 405+585 Page C9 Page C9 V151 ascending Botrychium S1 G2G4 KL 405.5 401770 5861301 old road (50 years) perennial herb grape fern ascendens (S2)1 V145 Mingan Botrychium S2S3 G4 KP/KL 405.9 401438 5861253 1 plant forest opening due to 50 year perennial herb grape fern minganense (SU)1 old pipeline MRPP/BC V147 skinny Botrychium lineare unverified-- G1 KL 416.4 392784 5856996 2 plants in 1 m x 2 m area compacted calcareous perennial herb moonwort S1/Red gravels (old road) in cottonwood leaf litter V146 lance-leaf Botrychium unverified- G5T4 KP/KL 406.8 400541 5860939 >20 plants in 20 m x 10 m area old pipeline disturbance with perennial herb grape-fern lanceolatum ssp. S1/Red invasive grasses angustisegmentum Notes: 1 New suggested rank based on discussion at workshop held by the Alberta Natural Heritage Information Centre (ANHIC) in April 2005. This new rank is not officially published by ANHIC and is subject to further review and changes. Therefore official ranks published by ANHIC (2002) are used in this document. 2 Euphrasia sp., Gymnocarpium sp., and Arenaria sp. specimens are currently undergoing verification by experts. These specimens have been tentatively identified as rare.

APPENDIX C

RARE VASCULAR PLANT OBSERVATIONS ALONG THE EXISTING ROUTE

Common Provincial Global Approximate UTM UTM Map ID Name Scientific Name Rank Designation KP/KL Easting Northing Abundance Habitat Growth Form Notes / Comments Alberta/JNP JE01 early Ranunculus S2 G5 KP/KL 312.4 452966 5907787 trembling aspen forest perennial Environmental plot JE01 buttercup glaberrimus assessed during wildlife habitat assessment V001 spathulate Botrychium S2 G3 KP/KL 314.1 452253 5906228 6 plants within 8 m x 12 m area gravelly disturbed ground of perennial grape fern spathulatum old track V002 dwarf Trichophorum S2 G5 KP/KL 314.6 452009 5905854 100's plants within 35 m x 30 m area moss mounds at edge of perennial bulrush pumilum (S3W)1 452014 5905861 calcareous marl fen V003 sandwort 2 Arenaria sp. unknown unknown KP/KL 314.6 452004 5905838 100 plants within 5 m x 30.5 m area; moss mounds of a calcareous perennial with Tentatively identified as A. forming mats on 3 mossy mounds fen stolons longipedunculata (S1, G3Q). Undergoing verification (Rich Rabeler, University of Michigan) V004 dwarf Trichophorum S2 G5 KP/KL 316.6 451022 5904081 100's plants within 82 m x 20 m area shrubby lower slope with perennial bulrush pumilum (S3W)1 450980 5904019 seepage V005 small Parnassia S2 G4 KP/KL 317.6 450333 5903359 50 plants within 50 m x 50 m area quaking fen surrounding marl perennial 1

Page C10 Page C10 northern parviflora (S3W) pond grass-of- parnassus V006 small Parnassia S2 G4 KP/KL 318.3 449939 5902874 10 plants within 100 m length depression in a calcareous perennial northern parviflora (S3W)1 fen grass-of- parnassus V007 scalloped Botrychium S1 G3 KP/KL 319.7 448795 5902002 1 plant amongst shrubs on moist perennial herb moonwort crenulatum ground at edge of regenerating white spruce - balsam poplar forest V008 small Parnassia S2 G4 KP/KL 320.5 448183 5901562 1000's of plants for 1 km cleared area perennial northern parviflora (S3W)1 grass-of- parnassus V009 eyebright 2 Euphrasia sp. unknown unknown KP/KL 320.5 448149 5901535 24 plants in 2 small patches moist, calcareous open annual Undergoing verification ground (G. Griffiths sent to Ernst Viteh at Vienna Natural History Museum, Austria) V010 small Parnassia S2 G4 KP/KL 321.8 447143 5900801 ~100 plants sporadically along moist cleared area perennial northern parviflora (S3W)1 cleared area of proposed route, for grass-of- about 650 m stretch, north of parnassus existing pipeline roach V016 Hooker's Potentilla S2 G4 KP 327.1 442743 5897986 ~30 plants loosely spaced in ~50 m open ground perennial herb cinquefoil hookeriana from thick, ascending rhizomes

Appendix C Rare Vascular Plant Observations Along The Existing Route Cont’d

Common Provincial Global Approximate UTM UTM Map ID Name Scientific Name Rank Designation KP/KL Easting Northing Abundance Habitat Growth Form Notes / Comments V018 small Parnassia S2 G4 KP/KL 331.5 438792 5896216 100+ plants for ~200m moist mossy calcareous turf perennial herb northern parviflora (S3W)1 on old trail from short erect grass-of- to ascending parnassus rhizomes V019 mamillate Eleocharis SNR G4? KP/KL 331.9 438752 5896091 Frequent in shallow water and on intermittently flooded silt of perennial Taxonomic problems; species spikerush mamillata wet silt in shoreline fen of pond Pocahontas Pond shoreline is very similar to E. palustris. ~300m around immature specimen collected V020 mountain Hippuris montana S1 G4 KP/KL 331.5 438752 5896091 occurs frequently for ~300 m around intermittently flooded aquatic or mare's-tail silty shoreline of fen in shallow shoreline of fen amphibious water; the fen is located below the perennial herb road embankment from slender rhizomes V021 small Parnassia S2 G4 KP 332.4- 438125 5895684 ~1000 plants scattered along open area of white spruce perennial herb northern parviflora (S3W)1 334.5 436902 5894037 southeast side of existing pipeline and willows, and at the from short erect grass-of- disturbance for a length of ~ 2 km bottom of an eroded muddy to ascending parnassus cliff rhizomes V022 Mingan Botrychium S2S3 G4 KP 338.8 437405 5894513 1 plant 6 m southeast of surveyor's mossy slope at base of sandy fleshy perennial grape fern minganense (SU)1 line, 1 plant 17 m from first cliff in open area herb Page C11 Page C11 V025 Hooker's Potentilla S2 G4 KP 335.3 436319 5893625 100's of plants loosely spaced for open ground perennial herb cinquefoil hookeriana about 600 m from thick, ascending rhizomes V026 small Parnassia S2 G4 KP 336.7 435149 5892916 trace amount river channel perennial herb northern parviflora (S3W)1 from short erect grass-of- to ascending parnassus rhizomes V027 dwarf Trichophorum S2 G5 KP/KL 336.7 435197 5892960 100+ plants seen along east shore calcareous turf adjacent to perennial herb bulrush pumilum (S3W)1 of wetland for 44 m, within 6 m of pool in old channel of from short water Athabasca River rhizomes V028 small Parnassia S2 G4 KP 336.7 435197 5892960 50 + plants seen along east shore of calcareous turf adjacent to perennial herb northern parviflora (S3W)1 wetland for 44 m, within 6 m of pool in old channel of from short erect grass-of- water's edge Athabasca River to ascending parnassus rhizomes V029 Parry's Carex parryana S1S2 G4T4 KP 337.0 434958 5892772 6 plants within 0.5 m area moist silt on shore of a side loosely tufted sedge (S3W)1 channel of the Athabasca perennial herb River from long rhizomes V030 seaside Carex incurviformis S2 G4G5 KP 337.6 434821 5892719 12 plants seen within 3 m area sparsely vegetated silt on an low, creeping sedge island in the Athabasca River perennial herb; stems solitary from longs, scaly, tough rhizomes and stolons

Appendix C Rare Vascular Plant Observations Along The Existing Route Cont’d

Common Provincial Global Approximate UTM UTM Map ID Name Scientific Name Rank Designation KP/KL Easting Northing Abundance Habitat Growth Form Notes / Comments V031 Crawe's Carex crawei S2 G5 KP/KL 337.9- 434329 5892060 thousands of stems within 100 m x calcareous fens on existing perennial herb sedge 338.0 434288 5891960 5 m area along trail pipeline disturbance, mainly from slender herbaceous rhizomes V032 Hooker's Potentilla S2 G4 KP/KL 339.9- 433590 5890567 100-200 plants along 2 km stretch stony, sparsely vegetated perennial herb cinquefoil hookeriana 340.0 433149 5889520 ground from thick, ascending rhizomes V033 small Parnassia S2 G4 KP/KL 341.7 432799 5888728 trace amount non-calcareous fen with perennial herb northern parviflora (S3W)1 flowing stream from short erect grass-of- to ascending parnassus rhizomes V034 spathulate Botrychium S2 G3 KP/KL 344.3 431469 5886431 4 plants within 1 m area open stony ground perennial herb grape fern spathulatum V035 alpine Campanula uniflora S2 G4 KP/KL 345.9 430732 5885100 12 plants within 5 m x 5 m area open southeast-facing stony small, perennial harebell slope on and around old herb from pipeline centreline, colonized taproot by diverse herbs V036 spathulate Botrychium S2 G3 KP/KL 345.9 430726 5885104 1 plant on bare, disturbed ground perennial herb Page C12 Page C12 grape fern spathulatum V037 small Parnassia S2 G4 KP/KL 346.4 430404 5884733 50 + plants within 30 m long marl fen on seepage slope perennial herb northern parviflora (S3W)1 hummocky area, ~20 m wide from short erect grass-of- to ascending parnassus rhizomes V039 dwarf Trichophorum S2 G5 KP/KL 346.4 430404 5884733 100's of plants within 30 m long marl fen on seepage slope perennial herb bulrush pumilum (S3W)1 hummocky area, ~20 m wide from short rhizomes V040 Hooker's Potentilla S2 G4 KP/KL 349.1 429026 5882527 100+ plants for 50 m stretch open ground in Douglas-fir / perennial herb cinquefoil hookeriana white spruce savannah from thick, ascending rhizomes V041 Hooker's Potentilla S2 G4 KP/KL 349.7 428500 5882450 1 large plant scree slope perennial herb cinquefoil hookeriana from thick, ascending rhizomes V042 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 352.2 426547 5881068 >25 plants and more patches up to very mossy streambank, with stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 KP 357 willow cover herb from branched rhizomes V043 broad-lipped Listera S2 G5 KP/KL 352.3 426546 5881034 25 plants on south side of unnamed dense silverberry community perennial from Corolla (diagnostic feature) on twayblade convallarioides channel #135, on east side of by fast-flowing stream fibrous roots collected specimen is not existing pipeline disturbance identifiable V044 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 352.4 426521 5880936 columbine (S2S3)1

Appendix C Rare Vascular Plant Observations Along The Existing Route Cont’d

Common Provincial Global Approximate UTM UTM Map ID Name Scientific Name Rank Designation KP/KL Easting Northing Abundance Habitat Growth Form Notes / Comments V045 Hooker's Potentilla S2 G4 KP/KL 353.4 426032 5879978 20 plants in 10 m x 10 m area open, stony meadow perennial herb Cinquefoil hookeriana from thick, ascending rhizomes V046 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 354.1 425704 5879454 ~1,000 plants in 4 patches, slight depressions in tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 southeast side of existing pipeline grassland herb from thick, disturbance 1 m southeast of roach elongated taproot V047 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 355.5 424898 5878200 columbine (S2S3)1 V048 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 355.6 424836 5878105 columbine (S2S3)1 V049 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 355.7 424824 5878084 columbine (S2S3)1 V050 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 355.9 424713 5877906 columbine (S2S3)1 V051 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 356.3 424653 5877468 1 Page C13 Page C13 columbine (S2S3) V052 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 356.5 424647 5877297 columbine (S2S3)1 V053 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 357.0 424620 5876812 columbine (S2S3)1 V056 small Parnassia S2 G4 KP/KL 360.3 425924 5873922 numerous plants shallow, rocky, side channel perennial herb northern parviflora (S3W)1 of Snaring River, ~15m wide from short erect grass-of- to ascending parnassus rhizomes V057 small Parnassia S2 G4 KP/KL 361.5 426181 5872697 100's plants for 59 m staked stream edges in white spruce- perennial herb northern parviflora (S3W)1 footprint width, on both sides of lodgepole pine/willow from short erect grass-of- stream for 1km community to ascending parnassus rhizomes V058 dwarf Trichophorum S2 G5 KP/KL 361.5 426181 5872697 100+ plants for 1 km length along stream edges in white spruce- perennial herb bulrush pumilum (S3W)1 route lodgepole pine/ willow from short community rhizomes V059 woolly willow Salix lanata ssp. S1 G4 KP/KL 361.7 426252 5872590 1,000's of plants exposed gravel on perennial / calcicola (S1S2)1 streambank and on gravelly shrub islands in patterned fen V060 woolly willow Salix lanata ssp. S1 G4 KP/KL 362.0 426442 5872335 1,000's of plants exposed gravel on perennial / calcicola (S1S2)1 streambank and on gravelly shrub islands in patterned fen V061 Crawe's Carex crawei S2 G5 KP/KL 362.2 426570 5872167 25 plants in 3 patches, 5 m west of moist, calcareous turf along perennial herb Sedge east boundary of existing pipeline trail with sedges from slender disturbance rhizomes

Appendix C Rare Vascular Plant Observations Along The Existing Route Cont’d

Common Provincial Global Approximate UTM UTM Map ID Name Scientific Name Rank Designation KP/KL Easting Northing Abundance Habitat Growth Form Notes / Comments V062 Hooker's Potentilla S2 G4 KP/KL 363.1 427244 5871557 100 plants scattered for 800 m gravel trail in lodgepole perennial herb Cinquefoil hookeriana length, 3 m east of existing pipeline pine/buffaloberry/bearberry from thick, roach community ascending rhizomes V063 Mingan Botrychium S2S3 G4 KP/KL 365.5 428572 5869629 1 plant disturbed forb community on perennial herb grape fern minganense (SU)1 existing pipeline disturbance V064 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 366.3 429080 5869048 12 plants in a 1 m x 2 m area mixed forest stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched rhizomes V065 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 366.3 429098 5869028 25 plants in a 1 m x 2 m area mixed forest stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched rhizomes V066 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 366.5 429130 5868885 1 plant mixed forest stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched rhizomes Page C14 Page C14 V067 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 366.5 429134 5868849 12 plants mixed forest stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched rhizomes V068 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 370.0 429882 5865475 150 plants in a 2 m x 3 m area gravelly site tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 herb from thick, elongated taproot V069 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 370.0 429896 5865390 220 plants in a 4 m x 2 m area gravelly site tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 herb from thick, elongated taproot V070 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 371.5 429522 5864102 31 veg, 10 fruiting grassland tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 herb from thick, elongated taproot V071 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 371.5 429518 5864090 ~100 plants, 25% fruiting grassland tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 herb from thick, elongated taproot V072 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 371.8 429346 5863906 ~500 plants open grassland area tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 herb from thick, elongated taproot V073 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 371.8 429336 5863906 ~300 plants open grassland area tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 herb from thick, elongated taproot

Appendix C Rare Vascular Plant Observations Along The Existing Route Cont’d

Common Provincial Global Approximate UTM UTM Map ID Name Scientific Name Rank Designation KP/KL Easting Northing Abundance Habitat Growth Form Notes / Comments V074 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 371.8 429333 5863890 ~500 plants open grassland area tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 herb from thick, elongated taproot V075 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 372.3 428994 5863495 ~125 plants vegetative, 1 plant in silverberry/rose community tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 bud, 2 plants fruiting with disturbed, gravely places herb from thick, elongated taproot V076 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 372.3 428997 583470 125 plants; predominately silverberry/rose community tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 vegetative with disturbed gravely places herb from thick, elongated taproot V077 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 372.4 428950 5863434 3 patches of ~100 plants vegetative silverberry/rose community tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 (3 m x 5 m) with disturbed gravely places herb from thick, elongated taproot V078 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 372.4 428919 5863413 2 patches of ~250 plants vegetative silverberry/rose community tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 (2 m x 8 m) with disturbed gravely places herb from thick, Page C15 Page C15 elongated taproot V079 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 372.4 428910 5863395 ~300 vegetative (2 x 2 m) silverberry/rose community tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 with disturbed gravely places herb from thick, elongated taproot V080 western Plantago S2 G4G5 KP/KL 372.6 428851 5863282 90 plants in a 3 m x 1 m area gravelly/sandy substrate tufted perennial ribgrass canescens (S3W)1 herb from thick, elongated taproot V081 Mingan Botrychium S2S3 G4 KP/KL 379.6 425753 5858018 4 plants roadside perennial herb grape fern minganense (SU)1 V084 Mingan Botrychium S2S3 G4 KP/KL 383.5 422248 5857057 2 plants (30 cm apart) disturbed forb community on perennial herb grape fern minganense (SU)1 existing pipeline disturbance with some tree seedlings V085 green Chrysosplenium S3 G5 KP/KL 383.7 422087 5857028 >500 plants in a 5 m x 5 m area wet, depressional area where rhizomatous saxifrage tetrandrum (S3T)1 there is a gap in old growth perennial herb spruce forest V086 green Chrysosplenium S3 G5 KP/KL 383.8 422022 5857100 >500 plants in a 5 m x 3 m area wet, depressional site rhizomatous saxifrage tetrandrum (S3T)1 perennial herb V087 green Chrysosplenium S3 G5 KP/KL 383.8 422015 5857099 >200 plants in a 5 m x 1 m area wet depressional site rhizomatous saxifrage tetrandrum (S3T)1 perennial herb V088 northwestern Botrychium S1 G4? KP/KL 385.0- 420906 5857407 53 plants over ~170 m toward west disturbance forb grass perennial herb grape fern pinnatum (S2S3)1 385.1 420779 5857518 community with young shrub and tree regrowth V089 lance-leaved Botrychium S2 G5 KP/KL 385.1 420822 5857515 1 plant weedy forb and grass perennial herb grape fern lanceolatum ssp. (S2S3)1 community angustisegmentum

Appendix C Rare Vascular Plant Observations Along The Existing Route Cont’d

Common Provincial Global Approximate UTM UTM Map ID Name Scientific Name Rank Designation KP/KL Easting Northing Abundance Habitat Growth Form Notes / Comments V090 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP 388.3 417781 5857825 1 plant deciduous forest stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched rhizomes V091 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP 388.3 417745 5857856 14 plants in a 5 m x 4 m area deciduous forest stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched rhizomes V094 thread rush Juncus filiformis S2S3 G5 KP 388.7 417459 5858013 6 individual tufts in a 2 m x 15 m creek bed with high perennial; (S3, drop)1 area concentration of surface grows in ROWs gravels and rocks or small clumps from slender rhizomes V096 thread rush Juncus filiformis S2S3 G5 KP 388.8 417342 5858036 13 individual tufts beaked sedge community perennial; (S3, drop)1 grows in ROWs or small clumps from slender rhizomes Page C16 Page C16 V099 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP 389.4 416733 5858093 20 plants white spruce – balsam poplar stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 forest herb from branched rhizomes V101 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP 389.6 416588 5858161 14 plants in a 2 m x 2 m area mixed forest stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched rhizomes V103 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP 389.9 416323 5858226 10 plants in a 5 m x 2 m area mixed forest stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched rhizomes V104 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP 389.9 416264 5858240 15 plants in a 10 m x 5 m area mixed forest stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched rhizomes V108 Mingan Botrychium S2S3 G4 KP/KL 395.1 411411 5859425 1 plant old roadside edge in exposed perennial herb grape fern minganense (SU)1 area without a lot of surrounding vegetation V111 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP/KL 395.9 410626 5859769 11 plants near the bank of the Miette stout perennial UTMs generated by GIS columbine (S2S3)1 GIS GIS River herb from generated generated branched UTM UTM rhizomes V115 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP 396.7 409937 5860207 ~40 plants along edge of existing stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 pipeline disturbance herb from branched rhizomes

Appendix C Rare Vascular Plant Observations Along The Existing Route Cont’d

Common Provincial Global Approximate UTM UTM Map ID Name Scientific Name Rank Designation KP/KL Easting Northing Abundance Habitat Growth Form Notes / Comments V119 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP 398.6 408182 5860638 22 plants mixed forest stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched rhizomes V120 ascending Botrychium S1 G2G4 KP 398.9 407891 5860613 7 plants along existing pipeline grape fern ascendens (S2)1 disturbance in a spruce/aspen fleshy perennial mixedwood herb V121 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP 398.9 407849 5860616 4 plants in a 1 m x 1 m area coniferous forest stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched rhizomes V122 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP 399.1 407661 5860658 9 plants in a 2 m x 1m area coniferous forest stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched rhizomes V123 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP 399.2 407574 5860679 12 plants in a 2 m x 1m area coniferous forest stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 herb from branched Page C17 Page C17 rhizomes V130 Nootka Lupinus S3 G5 KP 400.2 406619 5860729 50 plants in a 10 m x 50 m area mixed forest perennial herb lupine nootkatensis V133 small Parnassia S2 G4 KP 402.2 404664 5860741 >25 individuals marly area in well-defined perennial herb northern parviflora (S3W)1 calcareous sedge wetland from short erect grass-of- to ascending parnassus rhizomes V134 northwestern Botrychium S1 G4? KP 403.7 403230 5860475 2 plants in a 2 m x 2 m area edge of wetland perennial herb grape fern pinnatum (S2S3)1 V135 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP 403.7 403191 5860481 3 plants in a 1 m x 0.5 m area forest opening near edge of stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 wetland herb from branched rhizomes V136 Nootka Lupinus S3 G5 KP 403.9 403050 5860348 10 plants riparian tall shrub habitat perennial herb lupine nootkatensis V137 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP 404.0 402524 5860780 8 plants in 2x1m area on top of the existing pipeline stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 centreline herb from branched rhizomes V139 Sitka Aquilegia formosa S2 G5 KP 405.2 402007 5861067 20 plants in 3 m x 3 m area on north riparian tall shrub habitat stout perennial columbine (S2S3)1 side, plus 20 plants in 2 m x 8 m herb from area on south side of pipeline branched corridor rhizomes V140 Nootka Lupinus S3 G5 KP 405.3 401962 5861080 9 plants in a 3 x 2 m area between old road / existing perennial herb lupine nootkatensis pipeline and railway along creek V145 Mingan Botrychium S2S3 G4 KP/KL 405.9 401438 5861253 1 plant forest opening due to 50 year perennial herb grape fern minganense (SU)1 old pipeline

Appendix C Rare Vascular Plant Observations Along The Existing Route Cont’d

Common Provincial Global Approximate UTM UTM Map ID Name Scientific Name Rank Designation KP/KL Easting Northing Abundance Habitat Growth Form Notes / Comments MRPP/BC V146 lance-leaf Botrychium unverified - G5T4 KP/KL 406.8 400541 5860939 >20 plants in 20 m x10 m area old pipeline disturbance with perennial herb grape-fern lanceolatum ssp. S1/Red invasive grasses angustisegmentum V148 slenderleaf Drosera linearis unverified - G4 KP 424.8 385667 5860053 ~50 (4 m x 4 m) calcareous fen insectivorous sundew S1/Red perennial herb; from winter resting buds V149 slenderleaf Drosera linearis unverified - G4 KP 426.4 384287 5860915 ~50 plants in 10 m x 2 m area calcareous fen along pond insectivorous sundew S1/Red edge perennial herb; from winter resting buds V150 Canada Anemone S2S3 G5 KP 451.9- 363526 5874466 ~3500 plants; popn spreads ~119 m disturbed area on existing perennial from anemone canadensis Blue 452.0 363633 5874407 along existing pipeline disturbance pipeline disturbance short rhizome

Page C18 Page C18

APPENDIX C

RARE VASCULAR PLANT OBSERVATIONS ON TEMPORARY ACCESS AND OUTSIDE THE PROJECT FOOTPRINT

Map Common Provincial Global UTM UTM ID Name Scientific Name Rank, AB Designation1 Location Easting Northing Abundance2 Habitat Growth Form3 Notes / Comments Temporary Construction Access V054 Crawe's Carex crawei S2 G5 On south side of Snaring Road 426524 5876743 ~200 plants wet troughs in wetland area perennial herb Sedge between CN Rail and Highway 16 in from slender JNP (near KP 357) rhizomes V107 Mingan Botrychium S2S3 G4 Abandoned Canadian Northern 411468 5859438 4 plants in a Open, gravelly site that was the perennial herb grape fern minganense (SU)1 Alberta (CNA) rail way (near KP/KL 0.5 m x 0.5 m approach to a former bridge 395). Potential construction access area crossing of the Miette River. to “CN 395” stockpile/borrow pit. Surrounding vegetation is sparse. V109 Sitka Aquilegia S2 G5 Abandoned CNA rail way (near 411171 5859525 8 plants white spruce/lodgepole pine forest stout perennial columbine formosa (S2S3)1 KP/KL 395.3; north of pipeline on north bank of Miette River herb from footprint). Potential construction branched access to “CN 395” stockpile/borrow rhizomes pit. V110 Nootka Lupinus S3 G5 Abandoned CNA rail way (near 411168 5859528 21 plants in a river alder/willow site on north bank perennial herb lupine nootkatensis KP/KL 395.3; north of pipeline 5 m x 2 m area of Miette River footprint). Potential construction access to “CN 395” stockpile/borrow Page C19 Page C19 pit. V112 Sitka Aquilegia S2 G5 Abandoned CNA rail way (near 410589 5857859 >200 plants in a white spruce / river alder area on stout perennial (UTMs collected in field were columbine formosa (S2S3)1 KP/KL 396). Potential construction 200 m x 20 m north bank of Miette River herb from recorded wrong; listed location is access to “CN 395” stockpile/borrow area approximately 2-4 m from the branched generated by GIS based on the pit. river's edge rhizomes KP coordinate recorded in field) Outside Project Footprint (Within LSA) V105 Mingan Botrychium S2S3 G4 Abandoned CNA rail way (near KP 415371 5858511 4 plants in 1 m x mesic site with regenerating white perennial herb grape fern minganense 390.0) 1 m area spruce and lodgepole pine V106 Sitka Aquilegia S2 G5 Abandoned CNA rail way (near 412773 5859395 11 plants forest opening surrounded by white stout perennial columbine formosa KP/KL 393.7) spruce herb from branched rhizomes V095 oak fern2 Gymnocarpium unknown G4 North side of Highway 16, near 417211 5857860 30 plants in north facing slope south of Miette rhizomatous Identification unconfirmed. sp. proposed route footprint at KL 388.8. 10 m x 10 m River perennial herb area Notes: 1 New suggested rank based on discussion at workshop held by the Alberta Natural Heritage Information Centre (ANHIC) in April 2005. This new rank is not officially published by ANHIC and is subject to further review and changes. Therefore official ranks published by ANHIC (2002) are used in this document. 2 Gymnocarpium sp. specimen is currently undergoing verification by experts. This specimen has been tentatively identified as rare.

Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005

APPENDIX D

OBSERVED NONVASCULAR PLANT SPECIES OF CONCERN

Page D1

APPENDIX D

RARE NONVASCULAR PLANT OBSERVATIONS ALONG THE PROPOSED ROUTE

PROVINCIAL GLOBAL APPROXIMATE UTM UTM GROWTH MAP ID SPECIES RANK RANK KP/KL EASTING NORTHING HABITAT FORM NOTES / COMMENTS BRYOPHYTES Alberta/JNP NV-M01 Aloina brevirostris S2 G3G5 KP/KL 310 454318 5909798 on silt on disturbed site moss NV-M02 Mannia fragrans S1 G5 KP/KL 311.8 453217 5908337 on humus on slope; patch size 1.5 x 0.4 m liverwort NV-M03 Aloina rigida S2 G3G5 KP/KL 312.5 452829 5907753 on silt on slope moss near Hinton airport road NV-M04 Mannia fragrans S1 G5 KP/KL 312.9 452750 5907404 on humus on slope liverwort NV-M05 Mannia fragrans S1 G5 KP/KL 313.3 452533 5907022 large open slope/ hillside; relatively common liverwort photos found in existing disturbed pipeline alignment, on NV-M07 Moerckia hibernica S1S2 G4? KP/KL 337.5 434489 5892505 soil liverwort NV-M08 Didymodon rigidulus S2 G5 KP/KL 340.8 433132 5889529 on dry, calcareous silty hillside moss NV-M09 Didymodon rigidulus S2 G5 KP/KL 340.8 433132 5889529 on dry, calcareous, silty hillside moss NV-M10 Didymodon vinealis S1 G5 KP/KL 340.8 433132 5889529 on dry, calcareous, silty hillside moss NV-M11 Pterygoneurum ovatum S1 G5 KP/KL 344.4 431420 5886353 on silty bank moss Syntrichia (Tortula) NV-M12 caninervis S1 G5? KP/KL 344.4 431420 5886353 on silty bank moss

Page D2 Page D2 Tentatively identified as S2 (G3) ranked E. spathulata. New suggested rank from ANHIC is S12. Specimen undergoing NV-M13 Encalypta sp.1 unknown unknown KP/KL 348.0 429605 5883456 shaded cliff moss verification of identification. NV-M14 Fissidens grandifrons S2 G3G5 KP/KL 348.1 429564 5883416 on rock in cold mountain stream moss NV-M15 Aloina brevirostris S2 G3G5 KP/KL 349.7 428482 5882519 on steep, silty slope moss NV-M16 Didymodon vinealis S1 G5 KP/KL 349.8 428390 5882463 on silty slope moss NV-M17 Pterygoneurum cf. ovatum S1 G5 KP/KL 349.8 428390 5882463 on silty slope moss Syntrichia (Tortula) NV-M18 caninervis S1 G5? KP/KL 349.8 428390 5882463 on silty slope moss Tentatively identified as S2 (G3) ranked E. spathulata. New suggested rank from ANHIC is S12. Specimen undergoing NV-M19 Encalypta sp.1 unknown unknown KP/KL 350.2 428158 5882244 small clumps on cliffside moss verification of identification. NV-M20 Aulacomnium androgynum S2 G5 KP/KL 356.2 424694 5877785 on moist rotting log moss NV-M21 Aloina brevirostris S2 G3G5 KP/KL 356.3 424687 5877598 clump on tip-up in old growth Douglas-fir forest moss NV-M22 Lophozia longidens S2 G5 KP/KL 356.5 424646 5877292 small patch <10 cm2 on moist rotting log in old liverwort (S1) 2 growth Douglas-fir forest NV-M23 Tritomaria exsectiformis S3 G5 KP/KL 356.5 424646 5877292 small patch <10 cm2 on moist rotting log in old liverwort growth Douglas-fir forest NV-M24 Cephalozia pleniceps S2S3 G5 KP/KL 362.0 426436 5872330 in fen alongside stream liverwort ANHIC has suggested this species be (S3) 2 removed from the Alberta Tracking List. NV-M25 Gymnocolea inflata S1 G5 KP/KL 362.2 426576 5872175 small patch in rich fen alongside lake liverwort NV-M26 Orthotrichum pylaisii S2 G4G5 KP/KL 364.6 428073 5870368 small patches on dry calcareous rock face moss (S1S2) 2

Appendix D Rare Nonvascular Plant Observations Along the Proposed Route Cont’d

PROVINCIAL GLOBAL APPROXIMATE UTM UTM GROWTH MAP ID SPECIES RANK RANK KP/KL EASTING NORTHING HABITAT FORM NOTES / COMMENTS NV-M29 Buxbaumia aphylla S2 G4G5 KP/KL 384.2 421622 5857090 on soil on bank across from Calamagrostis moss canadensis - Carex utriculata marsh; few individuals NV-M30 Bartramia pomiformis S2 G5 KP/KL 385.6 420384 5857719 small patch on cliff above Miette River moss NV-M31 Lophocolea heterophylla S3 G5 KP/KL 386.9 419099 5857729 wet area in existing disturbed pipeline alignment liverwort NV-M32 Riccardia multifida S3? G5 KP/KL 386.9 419099 5857729 in moist area in previously disturbed pipeline liverwort alignment NV-M33 Riccardia multifida S3? G5 KP/KL 386.9 419099 5857729 wet area in existing disturbed pipeline alignment liverwort NV-M34 Cephalozia pleniceps S2S3 G5 KP/KL 387.3 418697 5857765 margin of Carex utricularia-dominated wetland liverwort (S3) 2 NV-M35 Riccardia multifida S3? G5 KP/KL 387.3 418697 5857765 small patch, 4 cm2, in raised margin of Carex liverwort utricularia-dominated wetland NV-M36 Bartramia pomiformis S2 G5 KL 388.9 417174 5857817 small patch on rock face (5 cm2) moss NV-M37 Bartramia pomiformis S2 G5 KL 389.3 416797 5857819 two small clumps on rock face alongside moss Highway 16 NV-M38 Riccardia multifida S3? G5 KL 389.5 416677 5857973 on rotting wood alongside small pond liverwort NV-M44 Didymodon vinealis S1 G5 KP/KL 354.2 425625 5879327 small, inconspicuous patches on calcareous silt moss Page D3 Page D3 NV-M45 Pellia neesiana S2 G5 KP/KL 314.4 452106 5906020 in trickle stream in existing disturbed pipeline liverwort Identification is fairly certain, however (S1S2) 2 alignment sporophytes were absent from collection, preventing positive identification of species. Could potentially be either P. endiviifolia (S2) or P. epiphylla (S1). NV-M46 Pellia neesiana S2 G5 KP/KL 338.2 434218 5891814 in mud on existing disturbed pipeline alignment liverwort Identification is fairly certain, however (S1S2) 2 sporophytes were absent from collection, preventing positive identification of species. Could potentially be either P. endiviifolia (S2) or P. epiphylla (S1). MRPP/BC ------LICHENS Alberta/JNP NV-L01 Toninia sedifolia S3 G5 KP/KL 310.0 454319 5909782 on calcareous soil lichen NV-L02 Endocarpon pusillum S2 G5 KP/KL 310.6 453920 5909319 on calcareous soil lichen NV-L03 Phaeophyscia hirsuta S1 G3 KP/KL 310.6 453920 5909319 on white spruce lichen NV-L04 Ramalina sinensis SU G4G5 KP/KL 310.6 453920 5909319 on white spruce lichen NV-L05 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP/KL 310.6 453920 5909319 on calcareous soil lichen NV-L06 Anaptychia setifera S2 G3G4 KP/KL 311.2 453503 5908872 on white spruce in a wetland lichen NV-L07 Anaptychia setifera S2 G3G4 KP/KL 311.7 453255 5908511 on white spruce in a wetland lichen NV-L08 Ramalina sinensis SU G4G5 KP/KL 311.7 453255 5908511 on white spruce in a wetland lichen NV-L09 Psora decipiens S3 G5 KP/KL 311.8 453220 5908333 on calcareous soil lichen NV-L10 Psora globifera S1S2 G4G5 KP/KL 312.9 452744 5907396 on calcareous soil lichen NV-L11 Toninia tristis ssp. tristis S2 G3G5 KP/KL 313.4 452510 5906976 on calcareous soil lichen

Appendix D Rare Nonvascular Plant Observations Along the Proposed Route Cont’d

PROVINCIAL GLOBAL APPROXIMATE UTM UTM GROWTH MAP ID SPECIES RANK RANK KP/KL EASTING NORTHING HABITAT FORM NOTES / COMMENTS NV-L12 Evernia divaricata S3 G4G5 KP/KL 314.5 452075 5905985 on white spruce in a wetland lichen NV-L13 Phaeocalicium populneum S3 GNR KP/KL 315.8 451415 5904780 on cottonwood lichen NV-L14 Ramalina americana SU G4G5 KP/KL 315.8 451415 5904780 on white spruce in a wetland lichen NV-L15 Phaeophyscia hispidula S3 G4G5 KP/KL 317.6 450321 5903405 on spruce in calcareous fen lichen NV-L16 Solorina spongiosa S2 G3G5 KP/KL 317.6 450321 5903405 on soil in a wetland lichen NV-L17 Anaptychia setifera S2 G3G4 KP/KL 317.7 450310 5903354 on spruce in a calcareous fen lichen NV-L18 Leptogium gelatinosum S2 G3G4 KP/KL 321.6 447274 5900924 on moss over soil lichen NV-L19 Endocarpon pusillum S2 G5 KP/KL 322.9 446219 5900043 on calcareous soil lichen NV-L20 Phaeophyscia hirsuta S1 G3 KP/KL 323.1 446159 5899961 - lichen NV-L21 Collema furfuraceum S3 G5 KL 326.8 443856 5896886 on white spruce lichen NV-L22 Leptogium furfuraceum S2 GNR KL 326.8 443856 5896886 on white spruce lichen NV-L23 Toninia arctica S1 GNR KL 327.7 443073 5896260 on floodplain lichen along the Fiddle River NV-L33 Fulgensia bracteata S3 G5 KL 335.6 435839 5893776 on calcareous soil lichen NV-L34 Psora decipiens S3 G5 KL 335.6 435839 5893776 on calcareous soil lichen NV-L35 Psora globifera S1S2 G4G5 KL 335.6 435839 5893776 on calcareous soil lichen

Page D4 Page D4 NV-L36 Squamarina lentigera S3 G3G5 KL 335.6 435839 5893776 on calcareous soil lichen NV-L37 Leptogium lichenoides S2S3 G5 KP/KL 337.8 434374 5892189 - lichen near Athabasca River east of Jasper NV-L38 Phaeophyscia ciliata S3 G4G5 KP/KL 337.8 434374 5892189 - lichen near Athabasca River east of Jasper NV-L39 Phaeophyscia hispidula S3 G4G5 KP/KL 338.3 434197 5891794 - lichen near Athabasca River east of Jasper NV-L40 Collema tenax S3 G3G5 KP/KL 340.8 433133 5889529 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L41 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP/KL 341.1 433051 5889297 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L42 Endocarpon pusillum S2 G5 KP/KL 341.2 433018 5889178 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L43 Fulgensia bracteata S3 G5 KP/KL 341.2 433018 5889178 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L44 Squamarina lentigera S3 G3G5 KP/KL 341.2 433018 5889178 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L45 Toninia sedifolia S3 G5 KP/KL 341.2 433018 5889178 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L46 Psora himalayana S2 G3G5 KP/KL 341.4 432912 5889008 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L47 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP/KL 341.4 432912 5889008 lichen NV-L48 Toninia subdiffracta unknown G2G3 KP/KL 341.4 432912 5889008 on calcareous soil lichen possibly a new species record for Alberta; not on Alberta Tracking List NV-L49 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP/KL 342.7 432326 5887875 lichen NV-L50 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP/KL 342.9 432160 5887656 lichen NV-L51 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP/KL 344.4 431425 5886386 lichen NV-L52 Collema subflaccidum S2 G5 KP/KL 345.6 430920 5885274 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L53 Endocarpon pusillum S2 G5 KP/KL 345.6 430920 5885274 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L54 Psora himalayana S2 G3G5 KP/KL 345.6 430920 5885274 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L55 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP/KL 345.9 430731 5885079 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L56 Collema tenax S3 G3G5 KP/KL 347.0 430031 5884266 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L57 Phaeophyscia constipata S3 G3 KP/KL 347.0 430031 5884266 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L58 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP/KL 347.0 430031 5884266 lichen NV-L59 Agrestia hispida S2S3 G3 KP/KL 347.7 429728 5883707 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River

Appendix D Rare Nonvascular Plant Observations Along the Proposed Route Cont’d

PROVINCIAL GLOBAL APPROXIMATE UTM UTM GROWTH MAP ID SPECIES RANK RANK KP/KL EASTING NORTHING HABITAT FORM NOTES / COMMENTS NV-L60 Aspicilia contorta S1 G5 KP/KL 347.7 429728 5883707 on calcareous rock lichen NV-L61 Phaeophyscia constipata S3 G3 KP/KL 348.0 429604 5883452 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L62 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP/KL 348.0 429604 5883452 lichen NV-L63 Toninia tristis ssp. tristis S2 G3G5 KP/KL 348.0 429604 5883452 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L64 Agrestia hispida S2S3 G3 KP/KL 348.9 429085 5882678 lichen NV-L65 Psora cerebriformis S1 G4G5 KP/KL 348.9 429085 5882678 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L66 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP/KL 349.7 428493 5882457 lichen NV-L67 Dermatocarpon miniatum S3 G3G5 KP/KL 350.3 428079 5882185 on limestone lichen east of Snaring River NV-L68 Toninia alutacea S2 G4G5 KP/KL 350.3 428079 5882185 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L69 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP/KL 354.2 425610 5879334 lichen NV-L70 Fuscopannaria praetermiss S3 G5 KP/KL 356.1 424691 5877768 in Douglas-fir forest lichen east of Snaring River NV-L71 Peltigera horizontalis S1S2 G5 KP/KL 356.1 424691 5877768 in Douglas-fir forest lichen east of Snaring River NV-L72 Peltigera neckeri S3 G4G5 KP/KL 356.1 424691 5877768 in Douglas-fir forest lichen east of Snaring River NV-L73 Omphalina umbellifera S1 GNR KP/KL 356.5 424668 5877302 in Douglas-fir forest lichen east of Snaring River NV-L74 Bryoria simplicior S2S3 G3G5 KP/KL 357.5 424600 5876359 - lichen east of Pallisades Centre

Page D5 Page D5 NV-L75 Solorina spongiosa S2 G3G5 KP/KL 357.5 424600 5876359 - lichen east of Pallisades Centre NV-L76 Baeomyces rufus S2 G5 KP/KL 362.4 426728 5872013 - lichen east of Pallisades Centre NV-L77 Fuscopannaria praetermiss S3 G5 KP/KL 362.4 426728 5872013 - lichen east of Pallisades Centre NV-L78 Fuscopannaria praetermiss S3 G5 KP/KL 362.4 426728 5872013 - lichen east of Pallisades Centre NV-L79 Xanthoparmelia S3 G4 KP/KL 371.8 429306 5863887 on rock outcrop lichen 4 km east of Jasper town site wyomingica NV-L80 Collema coccophorum S1 G3G5 KP/KL 371.9 429269 5863730 on rock outcrop lichen 4 km east of Jasper town site NV-L81 Psora tuckermanii S2 G5 KP/KL 371.9 429269 5863730 on rock outcrop lichen 4 km east of Jasper town site NV-L85 Nephroma helveticum S1S2 G4G5 KP/KL 383.4 422402 5857056 - lichen west of Jasper town site NV-L86 Multiclavula vernalis unknown GNR KP/KL 384.2 421621 5857092 - lichen possibly a new species record for Alberta; not on Alberta Tracking Listt NV-L88 Psora nipponica S2 G4G5 KL 403.0 403888 5860527 on rock outcrop lichen near old Miette River crossing MRPP/BC NV-L89 Solorina spongiosa rare 3 G3G5 KL 407.6 400114 5860362 lichen NV-L90 Solorina spongiosa rare 3 G3G5 KL 407.7 400076 5860224 lichen NV-L91 Solorina saccata rare 3 G3G5 KP/KL 410.7 397836 5858367 lichen NV-L92 Solorina spongiosa rare 3 G3G5 KP/KL 410.7 397836 5858367 lichen NV-L93 Physcia stellaris S2 3 G5 KP/KL 413.3 395639 5857137 lichen NV-L96 Solorina saccata rare 3 G3G5 KL 435.0 377978 5866247 on calcareous soil lichen Notes: 1 Encalypta sp. specimens are currently undergoing verification by an expert. The species has been tentatively identified as rare. 2 New suggested rank based on discussion at workshop held by the Alberta Natural Heritage Information Centre (ANHIC) in April 2005. This new rank is not officially published by ANHIC and is subject to further review and changes. Therefore official ranks published by ANHIC (2002) are used in this document. 3 Species is not currently listed by the BC CDC, therefore the rank given in Lichens of British Columbia: Rare Species and Priorities for Inventory (Goward 1995) is used.

APPENDIX D

RARE NONVASCULAR PLANT OBSERVATIONS ALONG THE EXISTING ROUTE

PROVINCIAL GLOBAL APPROXIMATE UTM UTM GROWTH MAP ID SPECIES RANK RANK KP/KL EASTING NORTHING HABITAT FORM NOTES / COMMENTS BRYOPHYTES Alberta/JNP NV-M01 Aloina brevirostris S2 G3G5 KP/KL 310 454318 5909798 on silt on disturbed site moss NV-M02 Mannia fragrans S1 G5 KP/KL 311.8 453217 5908337 on humus on slope; patch size 1.5 x 0.4 m liverwort NV-M03 Aloina rigida S2 G3G5 KP/KL 312.5 452829 5907753 on silt on slope moss near Hinton airport road NV-M04 Mannia fragrans S1 G5 KP/KL 312.9 452750 5907404 on humus on slope liverwort NV-M05 Mannia fragrans S1 G5 KP/KL 313.3 452533 5907022 large open slope/ hillside; relatively common liverwort NV-M06 Encalypta sp.1 unknown unknown KP 335.6 436097 5893445 cutbank alongside existing disturbed pipeline moss Tentatively identified as S2 (G3) ranked E. alignment spathulata. New suggested rank from ANHIC is S12. Specimen undergoing verification of identification. NV-M07 Moerckia hibernica S1S2 G4? KP/KL 337.5 434489 5892505 found in existing disturbed pipeline alignment, on liverwort soil NV-M08 Didymodon rigidulus S2 G5 KP/KL 340.8 433132 5889529 on dry, calcareous silty hillside moss NV-M09 Didymodon rigidulus S2 G5 KP/KL 340.8 433132 5889529 on dry, calcareous, silty hillside moss

Page D6 Page D6 NV-M10 Didymodon vinealis S1 G5 KP/KL 340.8 433132 5889529 on dry, calcareous, silty hillside moss NV-M11 Pterygoneurum ovatum S1 G5 KP/KL 344.4 431420 5886353 on silty bank moss NV-M12 Syntrichia (Tortula) S1 G5? KP/KL 344.4 431420 5886353 on silty bank moss caninervis NV-M13 Encalypta sp.1 unknown unknown KP/KL 348.0 429605 5883456 shaded cliff moss Tentatively identified as S2 (G3) ranked E. spathulata. New suggested rank from ANHIC is S12. Specimen undergoing verification of identification. NV-M14 Fissidens grandifrons S2 G3G5 KP/KL 348.1 429564 5883416 on rock in cold mountain stream moss NV-M15 Aloina brevirostris S2 G3G5 KP/KL 349.7 428482 5882519 on steep, silty slope moss NV-M16 Didymodon vinealis S1 G5 KP/KL 349.8 428390 5882463 on silty slope moss NV-M17 Pterygoneurum cf. ovatum S1 G5 KP/KL 349.8 428390 5882463 on silty slope moss NV-M18 Syntrichia (Tortula) S1 G5? KP/KL 349.8 428390 5882463 on silty slope moss caninervis NV-M19 Encalypta sp.1 unknown unknown KP/KL 350.2 428158 5882244 small clumps on cliffside moss Tentatively identified as S2 (G3) ranked E. spathulata. New suggested rank from ANHIC is S12. Specimen undergoing verification of identification. NV-M20 Aulacomnium androgynum S2 G5 KP/KL 356.2 424694 5877785 on moist rotting log moss NV-M21 Aloina brevirostris S2 G3G5 KP/KL 356.3 424687 5877598 clump on tip-up in old growth Douglas-fir forest moss NV-M22 Lophozia longidens S2 G5 KP/KL 356.5 424646 5877292 small patch <10 cm2 on moist rotting log in old liverwort (S1) 2 growth Douglas-fir forest NV-M23 Tritomaria exsectiformis S3 G5 KP/KL 356.5 424646 5877292 small patch <10 cm2 on moist rotting log in old liverwort growth Douglas-fir forest NV-M24 Cephalozia pleniceps S2S3 G5 KP/KL 362.0 426436 5872330 in fen alongside stream liverwort ANHIC has suggested this species be (S3) 2 removed from the Alberta Tracking List. NV-M25 Gymnocolea inflata S1 G5 KP/KL 362.2 426576 5872175 small patch in rich fen alongside lake liverwort

Appendix D Rare Nonvascular Plant Observations Along the Existing Route Cont’d

PROVINCIAL GLOBAL APPROXIMATE UTM UTM GROWTH MAP ID SPECIES RANK RANK KP/KL EASTING NORTHING HABITAT FORM NOTES / COMMENTS NV-M26 Orthotrichum pylaisii S2 G4G5 KP/KL 364.6 428073 5870368 small patches on dry calcareous rock face moss (S1S2) 2 NV-M29 Buxbaumia aphylla S2 G4G5 KP/KL 384.2 421622 5857090 on soil on bank across from Calamagrostis moss canadensis - Carex utriculata marsh; few individuals NV-M30 Bartramia pomiformis S2 G5 KP/KL 385.6 420384 5857719 small patch on cliff above Miette River moss NV-M31 Lophocolea heterophylla S3 G5 KP/KL 386.9 419099 5857729 wet area in existing disturbed pipeline alignment liverwort NV-M32 Riccardia multifida S3? G5 KP/KL 386.9 419099 5857729 in moist area in previously disturbed pipeline liverwort alignment NV-M33 Riccardia multifida S3? G5 KP/KL 386.9 419099 5857729 wet area in existing disturbed pipeline alignment liverwort NV-M34 Cephalozia pleniceps S2S3 G5 KP/KL 387.3 418697 5857765 margin of Carex utricularia-dominated wetland liverwort (S3) 2 NV-M35 Riccardia multifida S3? G5 KP/KL 387.3 418697 5857765 small patch, 4 cm2, in raised margin of Carex liverwort utricularia-dominated wetland NV-M39 Pellia neesiana S2 G5 KP 402.1 404780 5860691 small patches in tufa seep liverwort (S1S2) 2 Page D7 Page D7 NV-M44 Didymodon vinealis S1 G5 KP/KL 354.2 425625 5879327 small. inconspicuous patches on calcareous silt moss NV-M45 Pellia neesiana S2 G5 KP/KL 314.4 452106 5906020 in trickle stream in existing disturbed pipeline liverwort Identification is fairly certain, however (S1S2) 2 alignment sporophytes were absent from collection, preventing positive identification of species. Could potentially be either P. endiviifolia (S2) or P. epiphylla (S1). NV-M46 Pellia neesiana S2 G5 KP/KL 338.2 434218 5891814 in mud on existing disturbed pipeline alignment liverwort Identification is fairly certain, however (S1S2) 2 sporophytes were absent from collection, preventing positive identification of species. Could potentially be either P. endiviifolia (S2) or P. epiphylla (S1). MRPP/BC ------LICHENS Alberta/JNP NV-L01 Toninia sedifolia S3 G5 KP/KL 310.0 454319 5909782 on calcareous soil lichen NV-L02 Endocarpon pusillum S2 G5 KP/KL 310.6 453920 5909319 on calcareous soil lichen NV-L03 Phaeophyscia hirsuta S1 G3 KP/KL 310.6 453920 5909319 on white spruce lichen NV-L04 Ramalina sinensis SU G4G5 KP/KL 310.6 453920 5909319 on white spruce lichen NV-L05 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP/KL 310.6 453920 5909319 on calcareous soil lichen NV-L06 Anaptychia setifera S2 G3G4 KP/KL 311.2 453503 5908872 on white spruce in a wetland lichen NV-L07 Anaptychia setifera S2 G3G4 KP/KL 311.7 453255 5908511 on white spruce in a wetland lichen NV-L08 Ramalina sinensis SU G4G5 KP/KL 311.7 453255 5908511 on white spruce in a wetland lichen NV-L09 Psora decipiens S3 G5 KP/KL 311.8 453220 5908333 on calcareous soil lichen NV-L10 Psora globifera S1S2 G4G5 KP/KL 312.9 452744 5907396 on calcareous soil lichen

Appendix D Rare Nonvascular Plant Observations Along the Existing Route Cont’d

PROVINCIAL GLOBAL APPROXIMATE UTM UTM GROWTH MAP ID SPECIES RANK RANK KP/KL EASTING NORTHING HABITAT FORM NOTES / COMMENTS NV-L11 Toninia tristis ssp. tristis S2 G3G5 KP/KL 313.4 452510 5906976 on calcareous soil lichen NV-L12 Evernia divaricata S3 G4G5 KP/KL 314.5 452075 5905985 on white spruce in a wetland lichen NV-L13 Phaeocalicium populneum S3 GNR KP/KL 315.8 451415 5904780 on cottonwood lichen NV-L14 Ramalina americana SU G4G5 KP/KL 315.8 451415 5904780 on white spruce in a wetland lichen NV-L15 Phaeophyscia hispidula S3 G4G5 KP/KL 317.6 450321 5903405 on spruce in calcareous fen lichen NV-L16 Solorina spongiosa S2 G3G5 KP/KL 317.6 450321 5903405 on calcareous soil lichen NV-L17 Anaptychia setifera S2 G3G4 KP/KL 317.7 450310 5903354 on spruce in calcareous fen lichen NV-L18 Leptogium gelatinosum S2 G3G4 KP/KL 321.6 447274 5900924 on moss over soil lichen NV-L19 Endocarpon pusillum S2 G5 KP/KL 322.9 446219 5900043 on calcareous soil lichen NV-L20 Phaeophyscia hirsuta S1 G3 KP/KL 323.1 446159 5899961 - lichen NV-L24 Phaeophyscia ciliata S3 G4G5 KP 327.9 442004 5897601 on spruce branches lichen near Fiddle River NV-L25 Phaeophyscia hispidula S3 G4G5 KP 328.4 441566 5897413 on spruce branches lichen near Fiddle River NV-L26 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP 330.1 439978 5896840 lichen NV-L27 Collema cristatum S1 G3G5 KP 333.3 437722 5894931 on calcareous soil lichen NV-L28 Leptogium hirsutum S1? G5? KP 333.4 437674 5894896 on soil by stream cutbank lichen

Page D8 Page D8 NV-L29 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP 333.8 437391 5894554 on calcareous silt bluff overlooking highway lichen NV-L30 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP 333.8 437415 5894531 on calcareous soil lichen near Jasper Lake NV-L31 Collema crispum S2 GNR KP 335.6 436079 5893449 on calcareous soil lichen near Jasper Lake NV-L32 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP 335.6 436079 5893449 on calcareous soil lichen near Jasper Lake NV-L37 Leptogium lichenoides S2S3 G5 KP/KL 337.8 434374 5892189 - lichen near Athabasca River east of Jasper NV-L38 Phaeophyscia ciliata S3 G4G5 KP/KL 337.8 434374 5892189 - lichen near Athabasca River east of Jasper NV-L39 Phaeophyscia hispidula S3 G4G5 KP/KL 338.3 434197 5891794 - lichen near Athabasca River east of Jasper NV-L40 Collema tenax S3 G3G5 KP/KL 340.8 433133 5889529 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L41 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP/KL 341.1 433051 5889297 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L42 Endocarpon pusillum S2 G5 KP/KL 341.2 433018 5889178 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L43 Fulgensia bracteata S3 G5 KP/KL 341.2 433018 5889178 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L44 Squamarina lentigera S3 G3G5 KP/KL 341.2 433018 5889178 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L45 Toninia sedifolia S3 G5 KP/KL 341.2 433018 5889178 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L46 Psora himalayana S2 G3G5 KP/KL 341.4 432912 5889008 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L47 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP/KL 341.4 432912 5889008 lichen NV-L48 Toninia subdiffracta unknown G2G3 KP/KL 341.4 432912 5889008 on calcareous soil lichen possibly a new species record for Alberta; not on Alberta Tracking List NV-L49 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP/KL 342.7 432326 5887875 lichen NV-L50 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP/KL 342.9 432160 5887656 lichen NV-L51 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP/KL 344.4 431425 5886386 lichen NV-L52 Collema subflaccidum S2 G5 KP/KL 345.6 430920 5885274 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L53 Endocarpon pusillum S2 G5 KP/KL 345.6 430920 5885274 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L54 Psora himalayana S2 G3G5 KP/KL 345.6 430920 5885274 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L55 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP/KL 345.9 430731 5885079 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L56 Collema tenax S3 G3G5 KP/KL 347.0 430031 5884266 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River

Appendix D Rare Nonvascular Plant Observations Along the Existing Route Cont’d

PROVINCIAL GLOBAL APPROXIMATE UTM UTM GROWTH MAP ID SPECIES RANK RANK KP/KL EASTING NORTHING HABITAT FORM NOTES / COMMENTS NV-L57 Phaeophyscia constipata S3 G3 KP/KL 347.0 430031 5884266 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L58 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP/KL 347.0 430031 5884266 lichen NV-L59 Agrestia hispida S2S3 G3 KP/KL 347.7 429728 5883707 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L60 Aspicilia contorta S1 G5 KP/KL 347.7 429728 5883707 on calcareous rock lichen east of Snaring River NV-L61 Phaeophyscia constipata S3 G3 KP/KL 348.0 429604 5883452 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L62 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP/KL 348.0 429604 5883452 lichen NV-L63 Toninia tristis ssp. tristis S2 G3G5 KP/KL 348.0 429604 5883452 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L64 Agrestia hispida S2S3 G3 KP/KL 348.9 429085 5882678 lichen NV-L65 Psora cerebriformis S1 G4G5 KP/KL 348.9 429085 5882678 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L66 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP/KL 349.7 428493 5882457 lichen NV-L67 Dermatocarpon miniatum S3 G3G5 KP/KL 350.3 428079 5882185 on limestone lichen east of Snaring River NV-L68 Toninia alutacea S2 G4G5 KP/KL 350.3 428079 5882185 on calcareous soil lichen east of Snaring River NV-L69 Solorinella asteriscus S1 GNR KP/KL 354.2 425610 5879334 lichen NV-L70 Fuscopannaria praetermiss S3 G5 KP/KL 356.1 424691 5877768 in Douglas-fir forest lichen east of Snaring River NV-L71 Peltigera horizontalis S1S2 G5 KP/KL 356.1 424691 5877768 in Douglas-fir forest lichen east of Snaring River

Page D9 Page D9 NV-L72 Peltigera neckeri S3 G4G5 KP/KL 356.1 424691 5877768 in Douglas-fir forest lichen east of Snaring River NV-L73 Omphalina umbellifera S1 GNR KP/KL 356.5 424668 5877302 in Douglas-fir forest lichen east of Snaring River NV-L74 Bryoria simplicior S2S3 G3G5 KP/KL 357.5 424600 5876359 - lichen NV-L75 Solorina spongiosa S2 G3G5 KP/KL 357.5 424600 5876359 - lichen east of Pallisades Centre NV-L76 Baeomyces rufus S2 G5 KP/KL 362.4 426728 5872013 - lichen NV-L77 Fuscopannaria praetermiss S3 G5 KP/KL 362.4 426728 5872013 - lichen east of Pallisades Centre NV-L78 Fuscopannaria praetermiss S3 G5 KP/KL 362.4 426728 5872013 - lichen east of Pallisades Centre NV-L79 Xanthoparmelia S3 G4 KP/KL 371.8 429306 5863887 on rock outcrop lichen 4 km east of Jasper town site wyomingica NV-L80 Collema coccophorum S1 G3G5 KP/KL 371.9 429269 5863730 on rock outcrop lichen NV-L81 Psora tuckermanii S2 G5 KP/KL 371.9 429269 5863730 on rock outcrop lichen 4 km east of Jasper town site NV-L85 Nephroma helveticum S1S2 G4G5 KP/KL 383.4 422402 5857056 - lichen west of Jasper town site NV-L86 Multiclavula vernalis unknown GNR KP/KL 384.2 421621 5857092 - lichen possibly a new species record for Alberta; not on Alberta Tracking List NV-L87 Solorina spongiosa S2 G3G5 KP 402.3 404583 5860682 lichen MRPP/BC NV-L91 Solorina saccata rare 3 G3G5 KP/KL 410.7 397836 5858367 lichen NV-L92 Solorina spongiosa rare 3 G3G5 KP/KL 410.7 397836 5858367 lichen NV-L93 Physcia stellaris S2 3 G5 KP/KL 413.3 395639 5857137 lichen NV-L94 Solorina saccata rare 3 G3G5 KP 418.0 391241 5857129 on calcareous soil lichen NV-L95 Solorina spongiosa rare 3 G3G5 KP 418.0 391241 5857129 on calcareous soil lichen Notes: 1 Encalypta sp. specimens are currently undergoing verification by an expert. The species has been tentatively identified as rare. 2 New suggested rank based on discussion at workshop held by the Alberta Natural Heritage Information Centre (ANHIC) in April 2005. This new rank is not officially published by ANHIC and is subject to further review and changes. Therefore official ranks published by ANHIC (2002) are used in this document. 3 Species is not currently listed by the BC CDC, therefore the rank given in Lichens of British Columbia: Rare Species and Priorities for Inventory (Goward 1995) is used.

APPENDIX D

RARE NONVASCULAR PLANT OBSERVATIONS OUTSIDE THE PROJECT FOOTPRINT1

PROVINCIAL GLOBAL UTM UTM MAP ID SPECIES RANK RANK APPROXIMATE LOCATION EASTING NORTHING HABITAT GROWTH FORM NOTES / COMMENTS BRYOPHYTES Alberta/JNP NV-M27 Radula complanata S2 G4 north of Miette River bank; 425826 5857820 small patch in fissure in calcareous liverwort along south side of rock outcrop Highway 16; near KP/KL 379.6 NV-M28 Bartramia pomiformis S2 G5 south of Miette River bank; 425090 5857273 small patches on rock outcrop moss along south side of Highway 16; near KP 380.7 NV-M40 Bartramia pomiformis S2 G5 south of CN Railway near 402481 5860620 on rock face above railway tracks moss KP 404.5 NV-M41 Lophozia incisa S2 G5 south of CN Railway near 402473 5860629 on rotting wood on steep bank above liverwort KP 404.5 railroad tracks NV-M42 Bartramia pomiformis S2 G5 south of CN Railway near 402484 5860665 in clumps on rock face moss

Page D10 Page D10 KP 404.6 NV-M43 Apometzgeria pubescens unknown G5 south of CN Railway near 402484 5860665 among large boulders at base of cliff liverwort possibly a new species record for KP 404.6 Alberta; not on Alberta Tracking List MRPP/BC ------LICHENS Alberta/JNP NV-L82 Fuscopannaria praetermiss S3 G5 along CN Railway near KP/KL 425827 5857843 - lichen east of Jasper town site 379.6 NV-L83 Phaeophyscia decolor S1 G3G5 along CN Railway near KP/KL 425827 5857843 - lichen east of Jasper town site 379.7

NV-L84 Physconia enteroxantha S1? G3G5 along CN Railway near KP/KL 425827 5857843 - lichen east of Jasper town site 379.8

MRPP/BC ------

1. The following provides rare non-vascular plant species identified during the course of the surveys that were in proximity to the routes, but were outside of the project footprint. Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005

APPENDIX E

OBSERVED PLANT COMMUNITIES OF CONCERN

Page E1

APPENDIX E

PLANT COMMUNITIES OF CONCERN OBSERVED ALONG THE PROPOSED ROUTE

Map Common Name/ Provincial Global ID1 Community Code2 Scientific Name Rank Rank Approximate KP/KL UTM Notes / Comments Alberta/JNP VC001 silverberry riparian shrubland Elaeagnus commutata riparian SU G2Q KL 325.1 444712E, 5898545N SU due to taxonomic and abundance questions (Allen CEGL001098 shrubland pers. comm.).Considered a community of concern. VC002 white spruce - prickly rose - fern moss Picea glauca - Rosa acicularis- S1 GNR KL 325.1-325.3 444704E, 5898451N CEAB000020 Thuidium abietinum VC003 white spruce - fern moss Picea glauca - Thuidium S2S3 GNR KL 328.0-328.2 442466E, 5896107N CEAB000070 abietinum 442740E, 5896183N VC004 silverberry riparian shrubland Elaeagnus commutata riparian SU G2Q KP/KL 337.0 434958E, 5892772N SU due to taxonomic and abundance questions (Allen CEGL001098 shrubland pers. comm.).Considered a community of concern. VC006 silverberry riparian shrubland Elaeagnus commutata riparian SU G2Q KP/KL 337.4-337.6 434524E, 5892522N SU due to taxonomic and abundance questions (Allen CEGL001098 shrubland pers. comm.).Considered a community of concern. VC007 june grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax Koeleria macrantha – Artemisia S2S3 GNR KP/KL 339.4-339.9 433696E, 5890777N CEAB000026 frigida – Linum lewisii 433509E, 5890369N VC009 june grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax Koeleria macrantha – Artemisia S2S3 GNR KPKL 341.8-342.2 432603E, 5888301N CEAB000026 frigida – Linum lewisii 432717E, 5888501N Page E2 VC010 white spruce - fern moss Picea glauca - Thuidium S2S3 GNR KP/KL 344.8-345.4 431120E, 5885580N CEAB000070 abietinum 431200E, 5886000N VC011 Douglas-fir- buffaloberry - juniper-graminoid Pseudotsuga menziesii VEC GNR KP/KL 347.8-347.9 429605E, 5883530N PSEUMEN savannah savannah ecosystem 429860E, 5883706N VC012 Douglas-fir - open meadow Pseudotsuga menziesii VEC GNR KP/KL 350.8-351.3 427828E, 5881914N PSEUMEN savannah savannah ecosystem 427265E, 5881578N VC015 june grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax Koeleria macrantha – Artemisia S2S3 GNR KP/KL 365.7-366.0 428851E, 5869253N CEAB000026 frigida – Linum lewisii 428706E, 5869447N VC016 Douglas-fir savannah community Pseudotsuga menziesii VEC GNR KP/KL 371.4-371.9 429509E, 5864033N PSEUMEN savannah savannah ecosystem 429447E, 5864094N 429522E, 5864102N 429302E, 5863824N VC017 Douglas-fir savannah Pseudotsuga menziesii VEC GNR KP/KL 373.3-374.0 428516E, 5862485N PSEUMEN savannah savannah ecosystem 428553E, 5862629N 428317E, 586199N 428470E, 5862526N VC018 june grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax Koeleria macrantha – Artemisia UNIQUE GNR KP/KL 376.3-377.0 427704E, 5859717N Not rare due to weedy component and very limited KOELMAC grassland frigida – Linum lewisii 427793E, 5859161N Linum lewisii. VC019 Richardson needle grass - kinnikinnick grassland Stipa richardsonii - UNIQUE GNR KL 396.6-396.7 409993E, 5860114N Although not rare, community type was identified in STIPRIC grassland Arctostaphylos uva-ursi 409931E, 5860147N the field as being appreciably distinct from other 409988E, 5860103N grassland communities encountered along the 409956E, 5860143N Proposed Route. 409956E, 5860134N VC020 aspen - pine - thimbleberry - veiny meadow rue Populus tremuloides - Pinus UNIQUE GNR KL 405.0-405.1 402232E, 5861230N Although does not match S2S3 POPUTRE / RUBUPAR contorta - Rubus parviflorus - 402233E, 5861218N Aspen/Thimbleberry/Wild Sarsparilla community, it is Thalictrum venulosum 402210E, 5861222N still considered a unique community type (Allen pers. 402195E, 5861249N comm.).

Appendix E Plant Communities of Concern Observed Along the Proposed Route Cont’d

Map Common Name/ Provincial Global ID1 Community Code2 Scientific Name Rank Rank Approximate KP/KL UTM Notes / Comments MRPP/BC VC022 Douglas-fir savannah Pseudotsuga menziesii VEC GNR KL 416.7-417.2 392539E, 5857221N PSEUMEN savannah savannah ecosystem VC023 kinnikinnick blanket slope Arctostaphylos uva-ursi blanket UNIQUE GNR KL 422.2-422.5 387412E, 5859040N Although not listed provincially as being rare or ARCTUVA blanket slope sensitive, this community was identified in the field as being appreciably distinct from the other communities commonly observed along the Proposed Route in MRPP. VC024 Douglas-fir - hybrid white spruce - thimbleberry Pseudotsuga menziesii - Picea S3 / Blue GNR KL 424.3-424.4 385949E, 5860043N SBSdh/06 engelmannii x glauca - Rubus parviflorus VC026 Douglas-fir - hybrid white spruce - thimbleberry Pseudotsuga menziesii - Picea S3 / Blue GNR KL 425.4-425.5 385044E, 5860619N UTMs generated by GIS by approximate VKP SBSdh/06 engelmannii x glauca - Rubus parviflorus VC027 Douglas-fir - hybrid white spruce - thimbleberry Pseudotsuga menziesii - Picea S3 / Blue GNR KL 425.5-425.6 384889E, 5860713N SBSdh/06 engelmannii x glauca - Rubus parviflorus

Page E3 VC028 Douglas-fir - hybrid white spruce - thimbleberry Pseudotsuga menziesii - Picea S3 / Blue GNR KL 430.6-430.9 380738E, 5863447N SBSdh/06 engelmannii x glauca - Rubus parviflorus Notes: 1 Map ID numbers are labeled with the Community Code on the Vegetation Resource Maps (Appendix G). 2 Community Codes are derived from the ANHIC Preliminary Plant Community Tracking List (Allen 2005) or BGC Ecosystem Classification System where possible. Other codes were assigned based on the dominant species or unique feature characteristic of the community.

APPENDIX E

PLANT COMMUNITIES OF CONCERN OBSERVED ALONG THE EXISTING ROUTE

Map Common Name/ Provincial Global ID1 Community Code2 Scientific Name Rank Rank Approximate KP/KL UTM Notes / Comments Alberta/JNP VC004 silverberry riparian shrubland Elaeagnus commutata riparian SU G2Q KP/KL 336.9-337.0 434958E, 5892772N SU due to taxonomic and abundance questions (Allen CEGL001098 shrubland pers. comm.).Considered a community of concern.

VC005 silverberry riparian shrubland Elaeagnus commutata riparian SU G2Q KP 336.9-336.9 434958E, 5892772N SU due to taxonomic and abundance questions (Allen CEGL001098 shrubland pers. comm.).Considered a community of concern. VC006 silverberry riparian shrubland Elaeagnus commutata riparian SU G2Q KP/KL 337.5-337.6 434524E, 5892522N SU due to taxonomic and abundance questions (Allen CEGL001098 shrubland pers. comm.).Considered a community of concern. VC007 june grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax Koeleria macrantha – S2S3 GNR KP/KL 339.4-339.9 433696E, 5890777N CEAB000026 Artemisia frigida – Linum 433509E, 5890369N lewisii VC009 june grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax Koeleria macrantha – S2S3 GNR KPKL 341.8-342.3 432603E, 5888301N CEAB000026 Artemisia frigida – Linum 432717E, 5888501N lewisii VC010 white spruce - fern moss Picea glauca - Thuidium S2S3 GNR KP/KL 344.8-345.4 431120E, 5885580N CEAB000070 abietinum 431200E, 5886000N

Page E4 VC011 Douglas-fir- buffaloberry - juniper-graminoid Pseudotsuga menziesii VEC GNR KP/KL 347.7-347.9 429605E, 5883530N PSEUMEN savannah savannah ecosystem 429860E, 5883706N VC012 Douglas-fir - open meadow Pseudotsuga menziesii VEC GNR KP/KL 350.7-351.4 427828E, 5881914N PSEUMEN savannah savannah ecosystem 427265E, 5881578N VC015 june grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax Koeleria macrantha – S2S3 GNR KP/KL 365.7-366.0 428851E, 5869253N CEAB000026 Artemisia frigida – Linum 428706E, 5869447N lewisii VC016 Douglas-fir savannah community Pseudotsuga menziesii VEC GNR KP/KL 371.4-371.9 429509E, 5864033N PSEUMEN savannah savannah ecosystem 429447E, 5864094N 429522E, 5864102N 429302E, 5863824N VC017 Douglas-fir savannah Pseudotsuga menziesii VEC GNR KP/KL 373.3-374.0 428516E, 5862485N PSEUMEN savannah savannah ecosystem 428553E, 5862629N 428317E, 586199N 428470E, 5862526N VC018 june grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax Koeleria macrantha – UNIQUE GNR KP/KL 376.3-377.0 427704E, 5859717N Not rare due to weedy component and very limited KOELMAC grassland Artemisia frigida – Linum 427793E, 5859161N Linum lewisii lewisii MRPP/BC VC021 lodgepole pine - velvet-leaved blueberry - clad lichens Pinus contorta - Vaccinium S2/Red GNR KP 415.2 393871E, 5856516N SBSdh1/02 myrtilloides - Cladonia spp. VC025 Unique Calcareous Wetland -- UNIQUE GNR KP 424.7-424.8 385698E, 5860044N Similar to SBSdh/Wf10 (S2/Red) community, but not a SBSdh/Wf10 true fit. Notes: 1 Map ID numbers are labeled with the Community Code on the Vegetation Resource Maps (Appendix G). 2 Community Codes are derived from the ANHIC Preliminary Plant Community Tracking List (Allen 2005) or BGC Ecosystem Classification System where possible. Other codes were assigned based on the dominant species or unique feature characteristic of the community.

APPENDIX E

PLANT COMMUNITIES OF CONCERN OBSERVED AT TEMPORARY CONSTRUCTION ACCESS ROADS AND FACILITY SITES

Map Common Name/ Provincial Global ID1 Community Code2 Scientific Name Rank Rank Location UTM Notes / Comments Access Roads/Stockpile Sites VC008 june grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax Koeleria macrantha – UNIQUE GNR Access Road and Stockpile 433162E, 5888962N Not rare due to weedy component and very limited KOELMAC grassland Artemisia frigida – Linum Linum lewisii. Observed on Devona Siding Stockpile lewisii and Access Road. VC013 june grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax Koeleria macrantha – S2S3 GNR Access Road and Stockpile 425725E, 5879670N Snaring Warden Station grassland and Celestine Lake CEAB000026 Artemisia frigida – Linum site Road lewisii VC014 june grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax Koeleria macrantha – UNIQUE GNR Access Road (Hwy 16) 426621E, 5877020N Not rare due to weedy component and very limited KOELMAC grassland Artemisia frigida – Linum 426639E, 5877071N Linum lewisii. lewisii Notes: 1 Map ID numbers are labeled with the Community Code on the Vegetation Resource Maps (Appendix G). 2 Community Codes are derived from the ANHIC Preliminary Plant Community Tracking List (Allen 2005) or BGC Ecosystem Classification System where possible. Other codes were assigned based on the dominant species or unique feature characteristic of the community. Page E5 Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005

APPENDIX F

NON-NATIVE INVASIVE PLANTS

Page F1

APPENDIX F

NON-NATIVE SPECIES OBSERVED IN THE PROJECT FOOTPRINT

Species Designation Common Name Scientific Name AB BC NWPIC JNP crested wheatgrass Agropyron cristatum - - - - quack grass Agropyron repens nuisance noxious - - redtop Agrostis stolonifera - - - - Indian hemp Apocynum cannabium - - - - wormwood Artemisia absinthium - - invasive - wild oat Avena fatua nuisance noxious - - Russian pigweed Axyris amaranthoides - - - - mustard Brassica campestris - - - - canola Brassica spp. - - - - brome Bromine spp. - - - - smooth brome Bromus inermis - - - - Shepard’s purse Capsella bursa-pastoris nuisance - - - caragana Caragana arborescens - - - - nodding thistle Carduus nutans restricted - aggressive or under biocontrol - caraway Carum carvi - - - noxious Page F2 Page F2 diffuse knapweed Centaurea diffusa restricted noxious very invasive restricted spotted knapweed Centaurea biebersteinii restricted noxious very invasive restricted dwarf's snapdragon Chaenorrhinum minus - - - - lamb's quarters Chenopodium album - - - - goosefoot Chenopodium atrovirens - - - - goosefoot Chenopodium spp. - - - - oxeye daisy Chrysanthemum leucanthemum noxious noxious very invasive noxious oxeye daisy Chrysanthemum vulgare - - - - mouse-ear chickweed Cirastium vulgatum nuisance - - - Canada thistle Cirsium arvense noxious noxious very invasive noxious bull thistle Cirsium vulgare - - very invasive - clematis Clematis tangutica - - - restricted hare's ear mustard Conringia orientalis - - - - cotoneaster Cotoneaster spp. - - - - narrow-leaved hawksbeard Crepis tectorum nuisance - - - orchard grass Dactylis glomerata - - - - grey tansy mustard Descurainia richardsonii - - - - flixweed Descurainia sophia nuisance - - - thyme-leaved dragonhead Dracocephalum thymiflorum - - - - blue weed Echium vulgare noxious noxious very invasive - Canada fleabane Erigeron canadensis - - - - stork's bill Erodium cicutarium noxious - - -

Appendix F Non-Native Species Observed in the Project Footprint Cont’d

Species Designation Common Name Scientific Name AB BC NWPIC JNP dog mustard Erucastrum gallicum nuisance - - - wormweed Erysimum cheiranthoides nuisance - - - leafy spurge Euphorbia esula noxious noxious extremely invasive restricted common eyebright Euphrasia nemorosa - - - - red fescue Festuca rubra - - - - hemp nettle Galeopsis tetrahit nuisance - aggressive/ under biocontrol - cleavers Galium aparine noxious noxious - - white hawkweed Hieracium albiflorum - - very invasive - orange hawkweed Hieracium aurantiacum - - very invasive - alpine hawkweed Hieracium gracile - - very invasive - yellow hawkweed Hieracium pratense - - - - narrow-leaved hawkweed Hieracium umbellatum - - invasive - foxtail barley Hordeum Jubatum - - - - field scabious Knautia arvensis noxious noxious extremely invasive - burning bush Kochia scoparia - noxious - -

Page F3 Page F3 prickly lettuce Lactuca serriola - - - - bluebur Lappula echinata nuisance - aggressive or under biocontrol - peppergrass Lappula squarrosa nuisance - - - dalmatian toadflax Linaria dalmatica nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted common toadflax Linaria vulgaris noxious noxious invasive restricted campion Lychnis alba noxious noxious - - mallow Malva rotundifolia nuisance - - - pineappleweed Matricaria matricarioides - - aggressive/ under biocontrol - scentless chamomile Matricaria maritima noxious noxious very invasive - yellow Lucerne Medicago falcata - - - - black medick Medicago lupulina - - - - alfalfa Medicago sativa - - - - white sweet clover Melilotus alba - - - - white sweet clover Melilotus lupulina - - - - yellow sweet clover Melilotus officinalis - - - - ball mustard Neslia paniculata nuisance - - - broomcorn millet Panicum miliaceum - - - - reed canarygrass Phalaris arundinacea - - - - timothy Phleum alpinum - - - - common timothy Phleum pratense - - - - field pea Pisum sativum - - - - common plantain Plantago major - - - - Canada bluegrass Poa compressa - - - - Kentucky bluegrass Poa pratensis - - - -

Appendix F Non-Native Species Observed in the Project Footprint Cont’d

Species Designation Common Name Scientific Name AB BC NWPIC JNP common knotweed Polygonum arenastrum - - - - wild buckwheat Polygonum convolvulus nuisance - aggressive/ under biocontrol - striate knotweed Polygonum erectum - - - - lady's thumb Polygonum persicaria nuisance - extremely invasive - silvery cinquefoil Potentilla argentea - - - - rough cinquefoil Potentilla norvegica nuisance - - - potentilla Potentilla spp. nuisance noxious - - heal-all Prunella vulgaris - - - - tall buttercup Ranunculus acris noxious - - noxious wild radish Raphanus raphanistrum nuisance - - - garden rhubarb Rheum rhabarbarum - - - - poison ivy Rhus radicans - - - - green sorrel Rumex acetosa - - - - Russian thistle Salsola kali - noxious - - ragwort Senecio viscosus - - - -

Page F4 Page F4 white cockle Silene alba noxious noxious - - bladder campion Silene cucubalis noxious - aggressive/ under biocontrol restricted bladder campion Silene vulgaris - - - - tall hedge mustard Sisymbrium loeselii - - - - perennial sow thistle Sonchus arvensis noxious noxious invasive noxious annual sow thistle Sonchus asper - - invasive - common tansy Tanacetum vulgare noxious noxious extremely invasive noxious red seed dandelion Taraxacum laevigatum - - - - common dandelion Taraxacum officinale nuisance - - - stinkweed Thlaspi arvense nuisance - aggressive/ under biocontrol - goat's beard Tragopogon dubius - - invasive - hop clover Trifolium aureum - - - - hybrid clover Trifolium hybrid - - - - alsike clover Trifolium hybridum - - - - red clover Trifolium pratense - - - - white clover Trifolium repens - - - - clover Trifolium spp. - - - - common wheat Triticum aestivum - - - - common mullein Verbascum thapsus - - - - vetch Viccia cracca - - aggressive/ under biocontrol -

APPENDIX F

NON-NATIVE INVASIVE SPECIES OF MANAGEMENT CONCERN OBSERVED ALONG THE PROPOSED ROUTE

Common UTM UTM BC Weed JNP Scientific Name Name Easting Northing AB Weed Regulation Control Act NWIPC Designation KP/KL Comments ALBERTA/JNP Tanacetum vulgare common tansy 448013 5901424 noxious - extremely invasive noxious KP/KL 318.9 – 320.7 Along existing pipeline disturbance 449481 5902468 Centaurea spotted 444129 5896510 restricted noxious extremely invasive restricted KL 326.7 – 326.9 Along Highway 16 biebersteinii knapweed 444012 5897110 444129 5896510 444012 5897110 444129 5896510 444012 5897110 444129 5896510 444012 5897110 444129 5896510 444012 5897110 444129 5896510 444012 5897110 Centaurea spotted 438406 5895836 restricted noxious extremely invasive restricted KL 329.5 – 332.4 Along Highway 16 biebersteinii knapweed 441291 5896510

Page F5 Page F5 Centaurea spotted 438720 5896087 restricted noxious extremely invasive restricted KL 331.9 Along Highway 16 biebersteinii knapweed 437885 5895183 437885 5895183 Centaurea spotted 437180 5894436 restricted noxious extremely invasive restricted KL 333.3 – 334.1 Along Highway 16 biebersteinii knapweed 437724 5895004 437180 5894436 437724 5895004 Linaria vulgaris common 433793 5890914 noxious noxious invasive restricted KP/KL 337.5 – 339.3 Along existing pipeline disturbance – starts on toadflax 434524 5892522 west bank of Athabasca River 433793 5890914 434524 5892522 433793 5890914 434524 5892522 433793 5890914 434524 5892522 433793 5890914 434524 5892522 Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 428938 5869318 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted KP/KL 359.9 – 366.1 Pipeline crossing CN Railway toadflax 428965 5869152 428938 5869318 428965 5869152 Linaria vulgaris common 428938 5869318 noxious noxious invasive restricted KP/KL 359.9 – 366.1 Pipeline crossing CN Railway toadflax 428965 5869152 428938 5869318 428965 5869152 Linaria vulgaris common 429862 5866033 noxious noxious invasive restricted KP/KL 369.4 Along CN Railway toadflax

Appendix F Non-Native Invasive Species of Management Concern Observed Along the Proposed Route Cont’d

Common UTM UTM BC Weed JNP Scientific Name Name Easting Northing AB Weed Regulation Control Act NWIPC Designation KP/KL Comments Matricaria maritima scentless 429832 5865861 noxious noxious very invasive restricted KP/KL 369.6 Along CN Railway chamomile Linaria vulgaris common 429840 5865800 noxious noxious invasive restricted KP/KL 369.7 Along CN Railway toadflax Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 429843 5865671 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted KP/KL 369.8 Along CN Railway toadflax Linaria vulgaris common 429843 5865671 noxious noxious invasive restricted KP/KL 369.8 Along CN Railway toadflax Linaria vulgaris common 429853 5865611 noxious noxious invasive restricted KP/KL 369.9 Along CN Railway toadflax Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 429901 5865323 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted KP/KL 370.2 Along CN Railway line toadflax Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 429920 5865161 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted KP/KL 370.3 – 370.4 Along CN Railway line and existing pipeline toadflax 429913 5865198 disturbance Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 429954 5864765 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted KP/KL 370.7 Along existing pipeline disturbance near CN toadflax Railway Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 429834 5864520 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted KP/KL 370.9 – 371 Along existing pipeline disturbance near CN

Page F6 Page F6 toadflax 429883 5864569 Railway Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 427894 5861148 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted KP/KL 371.6 – 374.9 Along Highway 16 toadflax 429450 5864001 Centaurea spotted 428843 5863241 restricted noxious extremely invasive restricted KP/KL 372.6 Between Highway 16 and CN Railway biebersteinii knapweed Linaria vulgaris common 428843 5863241 noxious noxious invasive restricted KP/KL 372.6 Between Highway 16 and CN Railway toadflax Clematis tangutica clematis 428783 5863074 - - - restricted KP/KL 372.8 Between Highway 16 and CN Railway Clematis tangutica clematis 425254 5857877 - - - restricted KP/KL 374.8 – 380.1 Beside entire length of Jasper townsite along 428089 5861244 existing pipeline disturbance Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 425254 5857877 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted KP/KL 374.8 – 380.1 Beside entire length of Jasper townsite along toadflax 428089 5861244 existing pipeline disturbance Linaria vulgaris common 427753 5859915 noxious noxious invasive restricted KP/KL 376.2 Along Highway 16 toadflax Clematis tangutica clematis 427748 5859397 - - - restricted ACCESS Edge of Jasper Siding along existing access road 427733 5859414 (KP/KL 376.7) Centaurea spotted 424195 5857379 restricted noxious extremely invasive restricted KL 381.5 Along Wynd road biebersteinii knapweed Tanacetum vulgare common tansy 421549 5857130 noxious - extremely invasive noxious KP/KL 384.3 Along existing pipeline disturbance Linaria vulgaris common 414838 5858606 noxious noxious invasive restricted KP/KL 391.3 Crossing of CN Railway and existing pipeline toadflax disturbance Linaria vulgaris common 411167 5859438 noxious noxious invasive restricted KP/KL 395.2 – 395.3 Along CN Railway west of CN 395 temporary toadflax 411297 5859403 construction site Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 411167 5859438 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted KP/KL 395.3 Along CN Railway west of CN 395 temporary toadflax 411196 5859429 construction site

Appendix F Non-Native Invasive Species of Management Concern Observed Along the Proposed Route Cont’d

Common UTM UTM BC Weed JNP Scientific Name Name Easting Northing AB Weed Regulation Control Act NWIPC Designation KP/KL Comments MRPP/BC Linaria vulgaris common 400824 5860999 noxious noxious invasive restricted KP/KL 406.6 and Former Terasen Pump Station 406 – on existing toadflax PUMP STATION pipeline disturbance Tanacetum vulgare common tansy 392667 5857110 noxious - extremely invasive noxious ACCESS (KP/KL Access along CN Railway (north shore of 413.2 – KL 416.6) Yellowhead Lake) to temporary construction facility R-CS 416 Centaurea spotted 380660 5863519 restricted noxious extremely invasive restricted KL 430.9 – 431.2 and Temporary construction facility R-CS 431 and biebersteinii knapweed 380412 5863600 STOCKPILE/ACCESS existing access road on north side of CN Railway Linaria vulgaris common 380660 5863519 noxious noxious invasive restricted KL 430.9 – 431.2 and Temporary construction facility R-CS 431 and toadflax 380412 5863600 STOCKPILE/ACCESS existing access road on north side of CN Railway Tanacetum vulgare common tansy 380660 5863519 noxious - extremely invasive noxious KL 430.9 – 431.2 and "Temporary construction facility R-CS 431 and 380412 5863600 STOCKPILE/ACCESS existing access road on north side of CN Railway Linaria vulgaris common 365448 5872608 noxious noxious invasive restricted STOCKPILE (KL 349.4) Temporary construction facility R-CS 431 and toadflax existing access road on north side of CN Railway Centaurea spotted 355888 5876477 restricted noxious extremely invasive restricted KL 460.2 Along CN Railway biebersteinii knapweed Linaria vulgaris common 357606 5876032 noxious noxious invasive restricted KL 458.4 – 458.5 and Along CN Railway

Page F7 Page F7 toadflax 357653 5876029 STOCKPILE Linaria vulgaris common 355692 5876493 noxious noxious invasive restricted KL 458.5 Along CN Railway toadflax 355793 5876491

APPENDIX F

NON-NATIVE INVASIVE SPECIES OF MANAGEMENT CONCERN OBSERVED ALONG THE EXISTING ROUTE

UTM UTM BC Weed JNP Scientific Name Common Name Easting Northing AB Weed Regulation Control Act NWIPC Designation KP/KL Comments ALBERTA/JNP Tanacetum vulgare common tansy 448013 5901424 noxious - extremely invasive noxious KP/KL 318.9 – 320.7 Along existing pipeline disturbance 449481 5902468 Centaurea spotted 437885 5895183 restricted noxious extremely invasive restricted KP 333 Along Highway 16 biebersteinii knapweed 437885 5895183 Knautia arvensis field scabious 437885 5895183 noxious - extremely invasive - KP 333 Along Highway 16 Linaria vulgaris common 433793 5890914 noxious noxious invasive restricted KP/KL 337.5 – 339.3 Along existing pipeline disturbance – starts on toadflax 434524 5892522 west bank of Athabasca River 433793 5890914 434524 5892522 433793 5890914 434524 5892522 433793 5890914 434524 5892522 433793 5890914 434524 5892522 Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 428938 5869318 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted KP/KL 359.9 – 366.1 Pipeline crossing CN Railway

Page F8 Page F8 toadflax 428965 5869152 428938 5869318 428965 5869152 Linaria vulgaris common 428938 5869318 noxious noxious invasive restricted KP/KL 359.9 – 366.1 Pipeline crossing CN Railway toadflax 428965 5869152 428938 5869318 428965 5869152 Linaria vulgaris common 429862 5866033 noxious noxious invasive restricted KP/KL 369.4 Along CN Railway toadflax Matricaria maritima scentless 429832 5865861 noxious noxious very invasive restricted KP/KL 369.6 Along CN Railway chamomile Linaria vulgaris common 429840 5865800 noxious noxious invasive restricted KP/KL 369.7 Along CN Railway toadflax Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 429843 5865671 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted KP/KL 369.8 Along CN Railway toadflax Linaria vulgaris common 429843 5865671 noxious noxious invasive restricted KP/KL 369.8 Along CN Railway toadflax Linaria vulgaris common 429853 5865611 noxious noxious invasive restricted KP/KL 369.9 Along CN Railway toadflax Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 429901 5865323 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted KP/KL 370.2 Along CN Railway line toadflax Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 429920 5865161 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted KP/KL 370.3 – 370.4 Along CN Railway line and existing pipeline toadflax 429913 5865198 disturbance Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 429954 5864765 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted KP/KL 370.7 Along existing pipeline disturbance near CN toadflax Railway

Appendix F Non-Native Invasive Species of Management Concern Observed Along the Existing Route Cont’d

UTM UTM BC Weed JNP Scientific Name Common Name Easting Northing AB Weed Regulation Control Act NWIPC Designation KP/KL Comments Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 429834 5864520 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted KP/KL 370.9 – 371 Along existing pipeline disturbance near CN toadflax 429883 5864569 Railway Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 427894 5861148 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted KP/KL 371.6 – 374.9 Along Highway 16 toadflax 429450 5864001 Centaurea spotted 428843 5863241 restricted noxious extremely invasive restricted KP/KL 372.6 Between Highway 16 and CN Railway biebersteinii knapweed Linaria vulgaris common 428843 5863241 noxious noxious invasive restricted KP/KL 372.6 Between Highway 16 and CN Railway toadflax Clematis tangutica clematis 428783 5863074 - - - restricted KP/KL 372.8 Between Highway 16 and CN Railway Clematis tangutica clematis 425254 5857877 - - - restricted KP/KL 374.8 – 380.1 Beside entire length of Jasper townsite along 428089 5861244 existing pipeline disturbance Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 425254 5857877 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted KP/KL 374.8 – 380.1 Beside entire length of Jasper townsite along toadflax 428089 5861244 existing pipeline disturbance Linaria vulgaris common 427753 5859915 noxious noxious invasive restricted KP/KL 376.2 Along Highway 16 toadflax Clematis tangutica clematis 427748 5859397 - - - restricted ACCESS Edge of Jasper Siding along existing access road 427733 5859414 (KP/KL 376.7) Page F9 Page F9 Centaurea spotted 424195 5857379 restricted noxious extremely invasive restricted KL 381.5 Along Wynd road biebersteinii knapweed Tanacetum vulgare common tansy 421549 5857130 noxious - extremely invasive noxious KP/KL 384.3 Along existing pipeline disturbance Linaria vulgaris common 414838 5858606 noxious noxious invasive restricted KP/KL 391.3 Crossing of CN Railway and existing pipeline toadflax disturbance Linaria vulgaris common 411167 5859438 noxious noxious invasive restricted KP/KL 395.2 – 395.3 Along CN Railway west of CN 395 temporary toadflax 411297 5859403 construction site Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 411167 5859438 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted KP/KL 395.3 Along CN Railway west of CN 395 temporary toadflax 411196 5859429 construction site Linaria vulgaris common 401691 5861196 noxious noxious invasive restricted KP 405.6 Beside CN Railway toadflax MRPP/BC Linaria vulgaris common 400824 5860999 noxious noxious invasive restricted KP/KL 406.6 and Former Terasen Pump Station 406 – on existing toadflax PUMP STATION pipeline disturbance Tanacetum vulgare common tansy 392667 5857110 noxious - extremely invasive noxious ACCESS (KP/KL Access along CN Railway (north shore of 413.2 – KL 416.6) Yellowhead Lake) to temporary construction facility R-CS 416

APPENDIX F

NON-NATIVE INVASIVE SPECIES OF MANAGEMENT CONCERN OBSERVED ON TEMPORARY CONSTRUCTION FACILITY SITES AND EXISTING ACCESS ROADS

UTM UTM BC Weed JNP Scientific Name Common Name Easting Northing AB Weed Regulation Control Act NWIPC Designation KP/KL Comments ACCESS/STOCKPILE/CAMPSITES Matricaria maritima scentless 442693 5896393 noxious noxious very invasive restricted STOCKPILE (KL 328) Fiddle River Stockpile North chamomile Centaurea spotted 435617 5893326 restricted noxious extremely invasive restricted STOCKPILE/ACCESS Temporary construction site CS 336 – between biebersteinii knapweed 435504 5895504 (KP 336.1 – 336.3) the Existing and Proposed routes 435539 5893321 435506 5893362 435452 5893252 435506 5893362 435452 5893252 435506 5893362 Linaria vulgaris common 432452 5886987 noxious noxious invasive restricted ACCESS Access road along CN Railway from Devona toadflax 433122 5888893 (KP/KL 341.4 – 343.4) Siding to Jasper Lake 432452 5886987 433122 5888893 432452 5886987 Page F10 Page F10 433122 5888893 432452 5886987 433122 5888893 432452 5886987 433122 5888893 Matricaria maritima scentless 432452 5886987 noxious noxious very invasive restricted ACCESS Access road along CN Railway from Devona chamomile 433122 5888893 (KP/KL 341.4 – 343.4) Siding to Jasper Lake 432452 5886987 433122 5888893 432452 5886987 433122 5888893 432452 5886987 433122 5888893 432452 5886987 433122 5888893 Matricaria maritima scentless 431608 5885161 noxious noxious very invasive restricted ACCESS Access road along CN Railway beside Jasper chamomile 432452 5886987 (KP/KL 343.4 – 345.5) Lake Tanacetum vulgare common tansy 431608 5885161 noxious - extremely invasive noxious ACCESS Access road along CN Railway beside Jasper 432452 5886987 (KP/KL 343.4 – 345.5) Lake Centaurea spotted 430396 5883576 restricted noxious extremely invasive restricted ACCESS Access road along CN Railway beside Jasper biebersteinii knapweed 431610 5885166 (KP/KL 345.5 – 347.7) Lake 430396 5883576 431610 5885166

Appendix F Non-Native Invasive Species of Management Concern Observed on Temporary Construction Facility Sites and Existing Access Roads Cont’d

UTM UTM BC Weed JNP Scientific Name Common Name Easting Northing AB Weed Regulation Control Act NWIPC Designation KP/KL Comments Linaria vulgaris common 430396 5883576 noxious noxious invasive restricted ACCESS Access road along CN Railway beside Jasper toadflax 431610 5885166 (KP/KL 345.5 – 347.7) Lake 430396 5883576 431610 5885166 Matricaria maritima scentless 430396 5883576 noxious noxious very invasive restricted ACCESS Access road along CN Railway beside Jasper chamomile 431610 5885166 (KP/KL 345.5 – 347.7) Lake 430396 5883576 431610 5885166 Echium vulgare blue weed 431610 5885166 noxious - very invasive - ACCESS Access road along CN Railway beside Jasper 431610 5885166 (KP/KL 345.5) Lake 431610 5885166 Centaurea spotted 427294 5880757 restricted noxious extremely invasive restricted ACCESS Access road along CN Railway beside Jasper biebersteinii knapweed 428801 5882057 (KP/KL 349.9 – 352.3) Lake south of the Athabasca River 427294 5880757 428801 5882057 427294 5880757 428801 5882057 Page F11 Page F11 Linaria vulgaris common 427294 5880757 noxious noxious invasive restricted ACCESS Access road along CN Railway beside Jasper toadflax 428801 5882057 (KP/KL 349.9 – 352.3) Lake south of the Athabasca River 427294 5880757 428801 5882057 427294 5880757 428801 5882057 Matricaria maritima scentless 427294 5880757 noxious noxious very invasive restricted ACCESS Access road along CN Railway beside Jasper chamomile 428801 5882057 (KP/KL 349.9 – 352.3) Lake south of the Athabasca River 427294 5880757 428801 5882057 427294 5880757 428801 5882057 Linaria vulgaris common 426124 5879178 noxious noxious invasive restricted ACCESS Along CN Railway beside the Athabasca River toadflax 427294 5880757 (KP/KL 352.3 – 354.1) 426124 5879178 427294 5880757 Matricaria maritima scentless 426124 5879178 noxious noxious very invasive restricted ACCESS Along CN Railway beside the Athabasca River chamomile 427294 5880757 (KP/KL 352.3 – 354.1) 426124 5879178 427294 5880757 Carduus nutans nodding thistle 426409 5876594 restricted - aggressive or under - ACCESS Along CN Railway beside the Athabasca River to 426124 5879178 biocontrol (KP/KL 354.1 – 357.2) the Snaring River Siding Linaria vulgaris common 426409 5876594 noxious noxious invasive restricted ACCESS Along CN Railway beside the Athabasca River to toadflax 426124 5879178 (KP/KL 354.1 – 357.2) the Snaring River Siding Matricaria maritima scentless 426409 5876594 noxious noxious very invasive restricted ACCESS Along CN Railway beside the Athabasca River to chamomile 426124 5879178 (KP/KL 354.1 – 357.2) the Snaring River Siding Tanacetum vulgare common tansy 426409 5876594 noxious - extremely invasive noxious ACCESS Along CN Railway beside the Athabasca River to 426124 5879178 (KP/KL 354.1 – 357.2) the Snaring River Siding

Appendix F Non-Native Invasive Species of Management Concern Observed on Temporary Construction Facility Sites and Existing Access Roads Cont’d

UTM UTM BC Weed JNP Scientific Name Common Name Easting Northing AB Weed Regulation Control Act NWIPC Designation KP/KL Comments Carduus nutans nodding thistle 433374 5889335 restricted - aggressive or under - STOCKPILE Devona Siding along CN Railway 433122 5888893 biocontrol (KP/KL 340.9) Euphorbia esula leafy spurge 433374 5889335 noxious noxious extremely invasive restricted STOCKPILE Devona Siding along CN Railway 433122 5888893 (KP/KL 340.9) Linaria vulgaris common 433374 5889335 noxious noxious invasive restricted STOCKPILE Devona Siding along CN Railway toadflax 433122 5888893 (KP/KL 340.9) Tanacetum vulgare common tansy 433374 5889335 noxious - extremely invasive noxious STOCKPILE Devona Siding along CN Railway 433122 5888893 (KP/KL 340.9) Linaria vulgaris common 428844 5882207 noxious noxious invasive restricted ACCESS Celestine Lake Road near CN Railway toadflax 428287 5881860 (KP/KL 349.4 – 350.4) Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 426436 5876647 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted ACCESS Access road from Highway 16 to Snaring River toadflax 426639 5877071 (KP/KL 356.7 – 357.1) Siding Tanacetum vulgare common tansy 427100 5874755 noxious - extremely invasive noxious CAMPSITE Snaring River overflow campground 427160 5874508 (KP/KL 359.8 – 360.1) Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 429167 5869906 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted CAMPSITE Old Jasper dump toadflax 429265 5870388 (KP/KL 365.3 – 365.6) Page F12 Page F12 429167 5869906 429265 5870388 Linaria vulgaris common 429167 5869906 noxious noxious invasive restricted CAMPSITE Old Jasper dump toadflax 429265 5870388 (KP/KL 365.3 – 365.6) 429167 5869906 429265 5870388 Matricaria maritima scentless 429167 5869906 noxious noxious very invasive restricted CAMPSITE Old Jasper dump chamomile 429265 5870388 (KP/KL 365.3 – 365.6) Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 429186 5868842 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted STOCKPILE Temporary construction facility CN 366 beside toadflax (KP/KL 366.5) existing pipeline disturbance Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 429738 5866700 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted BORROW PIT and Temporary construction facility CN 369 beside toadflax 429971 5866738 ACCESS existing pipeline disturbance (KP/KL 368.7) Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 430078 5864642 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted ACCESS Access road from Highway 16 to pipeline south of toadflax (KP/KL 370.8) Jasper Transfer Station Clematis tangutica clematis 427902 5861149 - - - restricted ACCESS Connaught Drive at north end of Jasper townsite 427894 5861148 (KP/KL 374.9) Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 427748 5859397 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted ACCESS Access road from Highway 16 to pipeline south of toadflax 427850 5861085 (KP/KL 375 – 376.7) Jasper townsite along existing pipeline disturbance to Jasper Siding Clematis tangutica clematis 427853 5861105 - - - restricted ACCESS (KP/KL 375) Connaught Drive at north end of Jasper townsite Centaurea diffusa diffuse 427714 5860451 restricted noxious very invasive restricted ACCESS Between CN Railway and existing pipeline knapweed 427727 5860505 (KP/KL 375.6 – 375.7) disturbance at north end of Jasper townsite Clematis tangutica clematis 427703 5859289 - - - restricted STOCKPILE Jasper Siding (KP/KL 376.8) Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 427703 5859289 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted STOCKPILE Jasper Siding toadflax (KP/KL 376.8)

Appendix F Non-Native Invasive Species of Management Concern Observed on Temporary Construction Facility Sites and Existing Access Roads Cont’d

UTM UTM BC Weed JNP Scientific Name Common Name Easting Northing AB Weed Regulation Control Act NWIPC Designation KP/KL Comments Linaria vulgaris common 427703 5859289 noxious noxious invasive restricted STOCKPILE Jasper Siding toadflax (KP/KL 376.8) Centaurea diffusa diffuse 427621 5859547 restricted noxious very invasive restricted ACCESS Access road at north. end of Jasper Siding knapweed 427602 5859646 (KP/KL 376.4 – 376.5) Centaurea spotted 427621 5859547 restricted noxious extremely invasive restricted ACCESS Access road at north end of Jasper Siding biebersteinii knapweed 427602 5859646 (KP/KL 376.4 – 376.5) Clematis tangutica clematis 427748 5859397 - - - restricted ACCESS Edge of Jasper Siding at existing pipeline 427733 5859414 (KP/KL 376.7) disturbance Clematis tangutica clematis 427682 5858432 - - - restricted ACCESS Highway 16 at where corner turns southerly to (KP/KL 377.6) westerly direction Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 427439 5858221 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted ACCESS (KP/KL Highway 16 at where corner turns southerly to toadflax 427679 5858400 377.6 – KL 377.9) westerly direction Clematis tangutica clematis 427562 5858355 - - - restricted ACCESS (KL 377.8) Junction of Hazel Ave and Highway 16 Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 426421 5857959 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted ACCESS (KL 378.8) Junction of Highway 16 and Highway 97 toadflax 426452 5857976

Page F13 Page F13 Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 426533 5858151 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted STOCKPILE Temporary construction site CS 379 between toadflax (KP 378.8) existing and proposed pipelines Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 426093 5857891 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted ACCESS Highway 16 at Miette River oxbow toadflax (KP/KL 379.3) Linaria dalmatica dalmatian 425237 5857405 nuisance noxious extremely invasive restricted ACCESS Highway 16 toadflax (KP 380.5) Linaria vulgaris common 415023 5858488 noxious noxious invasive restricted STOCKPILE and Temporary construction site CN 391, parallels CN toadflax 415728 5858264 ACCESS (KP 390.5 – Railway KP/KL 391.2) Linaria vulgaris common 411379 5859415 noxious noxious invasive restricted ACCESS Road to temporary construction site CS 395 toadflax 411358 5859332 (KP/KL 395.1) (access crosses Highway 16 and CN Railway) Linaria vulgaris common 401612 5861379 noxious noxious invasive restricted ACCESS Pipeline crossing of access road at KP/KL 405.7 to toadflax 400908 5861201 (KP/KL 405.7 – 406.3) former Terasen pump station 406 Tanacetum vulgare common tansy 392667 5857110 noxious - extremely invasive noxious ACCESS (KP/KL 413.2 CN access along north shore of Yellowhead Lake 395394 5857876 – KL 416.6) to R-CS 416 Linaria vulgaris common 392667 5857110 noxious noxious invasive restricted ACCESS (KP/KL 413.2 CN access along north shore of Yellowhead Lake toadflax 395394 5857876 – KL 416.6) to R-CS 416 Linaria vulgaris common 387151 5859073 noxious noxious invasive restricted ACCESS Access from Highway 16 to CN Railway toadflax 386985 5859132 (KL 422.7 – 422.9) Matricaria maritima scentless 387138 5859096 noxious noxious very invasive restricted ACCESS Access along CN Railway chamomile (KL 422.7) Linaria vulgaris common 386554 5859500 noxious noxious invasive restricted ACCESS Access from Highway 16 to CN Railway toadflax 386469 5859517 (KL 423.4 – 423.5) Centaurea spotted 380660 5863519 restricted noxious extremely invasive restricted KL 430.9 – 431.2 and R-CS 431 on north side of CN Railway biebersteinii knapweed 380412 5863600 STOCKPILE/ACCESS Linaria vulgaris common 380660 5863519 noxious noxious invasive restricted KL 430.9 – 431.2 and R-CS 431 on north side of CN Railway toadflax 380412 5863600 STOCKPILE/ACCESS Tanacetum vulgare common tansy 380660 5863519 noxious - extremely invasive noxious KL 430.9 – 431.2 and R-CS 431 on north side of CN Railway

Appendix F Non-Native Invasive Species of Management Concern Observed on Temporary Construction Facility Sites and Existing Access Roads Cont’d

UTM UTM BC Weed JNP Scientific Name Common Name Easting Northing AB Weed Regulation Control Act NWIPC Designation KP/KL Comments 380412 5863600 STOCKPILE/ACCESS Linaria vulgaris common 380282 5863512 noxious noxious invasive restricted STOCKPILE/ACCESS R-CS 431 on south side of CN Railway toadflax 380475 5863401 (KP 431.2 – 431.5) Linaria vulgaris common 380153 5863867 noxious noxious invasive restricted ACCESS Highway 16 to R-CS 432 toadflax 380149 5863751 (KL 431.5 – 431.6) Tanacetum vulgare common tansy 380153 5863867 noxious - extremely invasive noxious ACCESS Highway 16 to R-CS 432 380149 5863751 (KL 431.5 – 431.6) Tanacetum vulgare common tansy 379200 5864561 noxious - extremely invasive noxious CAMPSITE R-CS 433 along Highway 16 379089 5864685 (KP 432.9 – 433.1) Linaria vulgaris common 378997 5862950 noxious noxious invasive restricted STOCKPILE/ACCESS Access road and Moose River pit toadflax 378508 5865524 (KL 433.5 – 434.1) Centaurea spotted 366081 5872819 restricted noxious extremely invasive restricted STOCKPILE (KP/KL Red Pass gravel pit biebersteinii knapweed 366135 5872674 448.8 – KP 449) Centaurea spotted 365448 5872608 restricted noxious extremely invasive restricted STOCKPILE (KL 449.5) R-CS 449 along CN Railway biebersteinii knapweed Linaria vulgaris common 365448 5872608 noxious noxious invasive restricted STOCKPILE (KL 449.5) R-CS 449 along CN Railway Page F14 Page F14 toadflax Linaria vulgaris common 357606 5876032 noxious noxious invasive restricted KL 458.4 – 458.5 and Pipeline and stockpile R-CS 458.8 toadflax 357653 5876029 STOCKPILE

Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005

APPENDIX G

ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCE MAPS VEGETATION

Page G1

Terasen Pipelines (Trans Mountain) Inc. Vegetation TMX - Anchor Loop Project November 2005

APPENDIX H

PHOTOPLATES

Page H1 Plate H1 Rare June grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax community (S2S3) was Plate H2 Rare June grass – pasture sagewort – wild blue flax community (S2S3) was only observed in three locations along the Proposed and Existing routes (June 2005). observed along the Alberta/JNP segment of the Proposed and Existing routes (June 2005). Page H2 Page H2

Plate H3 Unique grassland community similar to the S2S3-ranked June grass – pasture Plate H4 Unique Richardson needle grass – kinnikinnick grassland community was sagewort – wild blue flax community is distinguished from the rare community by observed in one location along the Proposed Route (June 2005). the high level of non-native species and limited wild blue flax (August 2005). Plate H5 Douglas-fir savannah communities are identified as VECs in the TOR, and were Plate H6 Douglas-fir savannah community (VEC) in MRPP (August 2005). observed along the Proposed and Existing routes in JNP and MRPP (August 2005). Page H3 Page H3

Plate H7 A unique kinnikinnick blanket slope community was observed in one location Plate H8 Rare white spruce – fern moss communities (S2S3) were observed in two along the Proposed Route in MRPP (June 2005) locations along the Proposed Route in Alberta/JNP (July 2005). Plate H9 Rare white spruce – fern moss community (S2S3) was observed in one location Plate H10 Unique aspen – pine – thimbleberry – veiny meanowrue community observed in along the Existing Route (July 2005). JNP (June 2005). Page H4 Page H4

Plate H11 Silverberry riparian shrubland community (SU) was observed in several locations Plate H12 Sitka columbine (S2) was one of the more frequently observed rare vascular in Alberta/JNP, including along the shore of the Athabasca River (June 2005). plants recorded during the 2005 field surveys (June 2005). Plate H13 Relatively large populations of Sitka columbine (S2) were observed in Alberta/JNP Plate H14 A rare subspecies of lance-leaved grape fern (Botrychium lanceolatum ssp. during the 2005 field surveys (June 2005). angustisegmentum) (S2 in Alberta) was observed in JNP (2005). Page H5 Page H5

Plate H15 Lance-leaved grape fern (Botrychium lanceolatum ssp. angustisegmentum) is Plate H16 Mingan grape fern (Botrychium minganense) is considered rare (S2S3) in Alberta ranked S2 in Alberta (June 2005). (June 2005). Plate H17 Northwestern grape fern is considered rare (S1) in Alberta, but is ranked S3/S4 Plate H18 Spathulate grape fern (S2) was observed in several locations along the Proposed and Yellow-listed in BC (August 2005). and Existing routes in Alberta/JNP (July 2005). Page H6 Page H6

Plate H19 Crawe’s sedge (S2) was observed in calcareous wetlands in JNP and along the Plate H20 Green saxifrage (S3) was observed at three locations in JNP (June 2005). Snaring Road (July 2005). Plate H21 Wild comfrey (S1) was observed along the Proposed Route in Alberta (July 2005). Plate H22 Mamillate spikerush is unranked in Alberta, however ANHIC has suggested a new rank of S1 (July 2005). Page H7 Page H7

Plate H23 Northern oak fern (S1) was observed in one location along the Proposed Route in Plate H24 Mountain mare’s-tail (S1) was observed in the shoreline of a fen along the JNP (August 2005). Proposed Route in JNP (July 2005). Plate H25 Broad-lipped twayblade (S2) was observed in one location along the Proposed Plate H26 Nootka lupine (S3) was observed in several locations along the Proposed and and Existing routes in JNP (July 2005). Existing routes in JNP (June 2005). Page H8 Page H8

Plate H27 Small northern grass-of-parnassus (S2) was observed in numerous locations Plate H28 Western ribgrass (S2) was observed in numerous locations along the Proposed along the Proposed and Existing routes in Alberta/JNP (July 2005). and Existing routes in JNP (August 2005). Plate H29 Hooker’s cinquefoil (S2) was observed in several locations along the Proposed Plate H30 Winter bud of wooly willow (S1) observed in JNP (July 2005). and Existing routes in JNP (July 2005). Page H9 Page H9

Plate H31 Catkin of wooly willow (S1) observed in JNP (July 2005). Plate H32 Dwarf bulrush (S2) was found in calcareous wetlands in Alberta/JNP (July 2005). Plate H33 Skinny moonwort was observed along the Proposed Route in MRPP (August Plate H34 One population of lance-leaved grape fern (Botrychium lanceolatum ssp. 2005). angustisegmentum) (S1/Red) was observed in one location along the Proposed

Page H10 Page H10 Route in MRPP (June 2005).

Plate H35 A rare lodgepole pine – velvet-leaved blueberry cladonia (SBSdh/02) community Plate H36 A unique calcareous fen community similar to the S2/Red-listed SBSdh/Wf10 (S2/Red) was observed along the Existing Route in MRPP (August 2005). wetland type was observed along the Existing Route in MRPP (June 2005). Plate H37 Ascending grape fern (S1) was observed in one location along the Existing Route Plate H38 Parry’s sedge (S1S2) was observed along the Existing Route in JNP (June 2005). in JNP (July 2005). Page H11 Page H11

Plate H39 Thread rush (S2S3) was observed along the Existing Route in JNP (August Plate H40 A large population of Canada anemone (S2S3/Blue) was observed along the 2005). Existing Route in MRPP (June 2005). Plate H41 Canada anemone is considered a VEC for the TMX-Anchor Loop Project Plate H42 Slenderleaf sundew (S1/Red) was observed in a calcareous fen along the (June 2005). Existing Route in MRPP (June 2005). Page H12 Page H12

Plate H43 View north from southwest corner of Wolf Pump Station site (August 2005). Plate H44 View west of mixedwood community along south boundary of Wolf Pump Station (August 2005). Plate H45 View north towards the Chappel Pump Station site from the southern end of the Plate H46 View south from north edge of Chappel Pump Station site (August 2005). access road (August 2005). Page H13 Page H13