DOCSLIB.ORG

Herbs for Childbearing

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Herbs for Childbearing 9th Annual AABC Birth Institute 10/2/2015 Herbs for Childbearing Beautiful Upstate New York my Roots 1 9th Annual AABC Birth Institute 10/2/2015 The goal for today is to present helpful information about herbs in pregnancy, birth, & postpartum so that you may better serve women who come for midwifery care. By the end of this discussion you will be able to: • List three herbs that ease discomforts common in pregnancy • Describe two benefits of herbal preparations • Explain what the difference is between at least two herbal preparations. Honoring Our Ancestors As Wise Women 2 9th Annual AABC Birth Institute 10/2/2015 In ancient times Midwifery & Herbalism were woven together being grounded & rooted in the earth with intuition, intelligence, & faith. Midwifery & Herbalism Both were part of being a wise women. In fact the word ‘mid-wife’ derives from the Anglo-Saxon ‘med-wyf’ meaning wise woman. 3 9th Annual AABC Birth Institute 10/2/2015 Healing , restorative , & nutritious benefits of herbs have been documented within the historical literature from every culture around the world. Wise Women have gathered herbs for thousands of years by the waning & waxing of the moon to prepare for birth, nourishment, & create medicine. 4 9th Annual AABC Birth Institute 10/2/2015 Wise women understood the rhythms of their bodies & the relationship to the magical gift of herbs. With this understanding their knowledge grew as remedies were tried, proven, & passed on. In spite of recurrent waves of repression & witch hunts for centuries, wise women have continued their traditions & legacy throughout time. Women of today desire to reclaim this wisdom as evidenced by the increase in the use of “natural remedies” especially in pregnancy. 5 9th Annual AABC Birth Institute 10/2/2015 Most medical professionals do not recommend herbal remedies for pregnant women, due to the lack of FDA evaluation, & lack of knowledge. FDA urges pregnant women not to take herbal products without talking to their health care provider or to a professional who is experienced & trained to work with herbs. The World Health Organization In 2010 WHO recognizes & affirms that herbal medicines & traditions worldwide have value in their perspectives & approaches to enhance health care for all. 6 9th Annual AABC Birth Institute 10/2/2015 Science has discovered much about individual plant constituents. It has established many excellent reasons for using herbs for healing. But, like all medications, some herbs can be harmful if they are misused or taken carelessly. Excerpt: Grow It Heal It, 2013, Christopher Hobbs Ph.D/Leslie Gardner MH Herbs Compared to Pharmaceutical Drugs HERB DRUGS ACTIONS Often multiple Usually one using a single receptor site Often enhances body’s No drug does this! own healing ability Addresses causal factors Treats symptoms of an illness ACTIVE CONSTITUENTS Many synergistic Usually one SIDE EFFECTSMild & Few Many & can be severe ONSET OF ACTION May be slow based on Usually faster nutritional levels COST Variable Variable (you can make your own) Excerpt from James Green’s book THE HERBAL MEDICINE-MAKER’S HANDBOOK 7 9th Annual AABC Birth Institute 10/2/2015 The safety of herbs in pregnancy are based primarily on empirical evidence from traditional time-tested use. Source of information: review of the literature, surveys, studies, clinical observations, & empirical data. There are very few actual studies & or clinical trials in pregnancy. 8 9th Annual AABC Birth Institute 10/2/2015 Considerations * * Know herb efficacy, safety, & contraindications Documentation & History is very important. Caution in the first trimester due to fetal development. Appropriate use of preparations because crossing the placenta is likely. As a midwife/herbalist/MD Aviva Romm has been safely using herbs in her practice with pregnant women for over 25 years. 9 9th Annual AABC Birth Institute 10/2/2015 Herbs are the midwife’s natural helper to promote health & wellbeing in pregnancy Nature provides an abundance of soothing, toning, & strengthening herbs for childbearing remedies prepared for either internal or external use. 10 9th Annual AABC Birth Institute 10/2/2015 Forms of Internal Herbal Medicines Water extracts (infusions & decoctions) Alcohol extracts Percolations (water or alcohol) Fluid extracts Syrups/oxymels/electuaries Glycerites Fermentations Vinegars Fresh juice, Food Powders (plain or encapsulation) Suppositories/boluses Douches/Enemas Essential oils/Hydrosols Steams, Smokes Forms of External Herbal Medicines Oil infusions Salves/Balms Evaporative concentrates Washes/Baths/Sitz Liniments Lotions Compresses/poultices Essential oils/Hydrosols Smudges 11 9th Annual AABC Birth Institute 10/2/2015 Extractions are chemical constituents of the herb that have been pulled into a liquid solvent called a menstruum. A menstruum soaks/macerates a 28 day moon cycle influencing the liquid. During maceration the herb breaks down at a cellular level & leaches into the menstruum & is held in suspension. 40 Herbal Actions To Know Listed on pages 27-29 in THE HERBAL MEDICINE-MAKER’S HANDOOK by James Green 12 9th Annual AABC Birth Institute 10/2/2015 Active Ingredients in Herbs • Herbs have many constituents including vitamins, minerals, proteins, & active components such as: volatile oils, tannins, mucilage, alkaloids, bitters & flavonoids. Five Classifications of Herbs Aromatic: a volatile oil, divided into 2 categories, the stimulant & the nervine herbs. Identified by crushing the herb. Examples peppermint, lavender, rosemary, garlic & ginger. Astringent: tannins that constrict, tighten, or tones tissue & reduces fluid discharge. Some examples comfrey, peppermint, golden seal, red raspberry, slippery elm, & crampbark. Bitter: phenolic derivatives (laxative & diuretic) alkaloids & saponins with a bitter taste such as golden seal. Mucilaginous: polysaccharides that are slippery & swells in water. Nutritive: proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals 13 9th Annual AABC Birth Institute 10/2/2015 Herbal Contraindications in Pregnancy *See full list of herbs in Bib. • TRUE Emmenagogues: pennyroyal, tansy, wormwood, angelica, & cotton root bark • Anti-histamine/CNS stimulants: ephedra (ma huang), guarana, kola nut, & osha • Alkaloids: barberry, golden seal, mandrake, blood root, broom, comfrey root, coltsfoot, & gravelroot. • Volatile oils: juniper berry, buchu, thuja, *kitchen spices • Laxative herbs due to anthroquinines: aloe*, cascara, castor, senna pods, & buckthorn • Bitters with stimulation metabolically with strong bitters: southernwood, wormwood, mugwort, barberry, celandine, *golden seal, rue, feverfew, & tansy • *aloe juice * small amounts cooking & in tea infusions * salve Herbs to Support a Healthy Pregnancy 14 9th Annual AABC Birth Institute 10/2/2015 Common Name: Alfalfa Botanical Name: Medicago Sativa Part Used: Whole herb Properties: Bitter, tonic, alterative, antipyretic, mild diuretic, proteins, vitamins A, D, E, B6, & K, calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, trace minerals, chlorophyll, carotenes, & digestive enzymes. Uses: An excellent tonic tea throughout pregnancy because it is highly nutritive. Helps with digestion, prevent anemia, & hemorrhage. Moderate use has not produced side effects. 1 tablespoon/cup infuse 10min to >4 hours 3x daily Common Name: Black Haw Botanical Name: Viburnum prunifolium Part Used: Bark, root bark Decoction 2 tsp/1c 3x daily, Tincture 5- 10ml TID, 3 to 5 days Properties: Astringent, antispasmodic, nervine, tannins, salicin, mineral rich with vitamins. Uses: In combination with Cramp Bark (Viburnum opulus) for miscarriage prevention as it relaxes & tones musculature. For postpartum bleeding & afterbirth pain. Can be a hypotensive, decrease fluid retention, treat diarrhea, spasms, & asthma. Short term use & not recommended throughout pregnancy. Avoid if allergic to ASA 15 9th Annual AABC Birth Institute 10/2/2015 Burdock root (Arctium lapp) Part used: Root & leaves Properties: Alterative, diuretic, mucilaginous, urinary tonic, demulcent, astringent,vit/min, bacteriostatic, fungistatic Uses: High concentration of vitamins & minerals, good taste & strengthens the uterus to prepare for childbirth. Balances blood sugar, & stimulates digestion. Great for the skin & itching. A wonderful addition to tonic teas 1 tablespoon/cup decoction, tinctures ½ tsp * variable to meet needs, salves, herbal baths. Chamomile German (Matricaria recutita) Parts used: The dried flower heads Properties: Aromatic, carminative, antiseptic, antibacterial, antifungal, Use: To encourage digestion,nervine, boost & the anti-inflammatory. immune system, & calming. As a tea or tincture, & as a topical in salves & compresses. Tea 1 tablespoon/cup steep 15 minutes 3 cups per day. Tincture: Take ½ teaspoon, three times per day. High dosages contra-indicated during pregnancy and lactation. It should not to be used when using anti-coagulant drugs. Allergic reactions have been reported in people who are also allergic to ragweed or any plants in the daisy family. 16 9th Annual AABC Birth Institute 10/2/2015 Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) Parts Used: Roots & Leaves Properties: Bitter, hepatonic diuretic, stomachic, astringent, mucilaginous, cholagogue, galactogogue, vitamins, & minerals Uses: digestive, glandular, circulatory, liver tonic, heartburn, rheumatism, gout, eczema, nutritive due to high mineral & vitamin content. It helps with nausea & relieves a sour stomach, relieves itching skin, helps prevent gallstones, indigestion, fatigue, & toxemia. Best in pregnancy as an
Load more

Recommended publications
  • WO 2008/094873 Al
    (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (43) International Publication Date PCT (10) International Publication Number 7 August 2008 (07.08.2008) WO 2008/094873 Al (51) International Patent Classification: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every AOlN 65/00 (2006.01) A61K 36/00 (2006.01) kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT,AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA, (21) International Application Number: CH, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, DO, DZ, EC, EE, PCT/US2008/052244 EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KM, KN, KP, KR, KZ, LA, LC, (22) International Filing Date: 29 January 2008 (29.01.2008) LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, PG, PH, (25) Filing Language: English PL, PT, RO, RS, RU, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, SV, SY, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, (26) Publication Language: English ZA, ZM, ZW (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every (30) Priority Data: kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, 60/887,036 29 January 2007 (29.01.2007) US GM, KE, LS, MW, MZ, NA, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, MD, RU, TJ, TM), (71) Applicant and European (AT,BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, FI, (72) Inventor: LIGUMS, John, E.
    [Show full text]
  • Idaho PM Technical Note 2B (Revise): Plants for Pollinators in the Inland Northwest
    TECHNICAL NOTE USDA – Natural Resources Conservation Service Boise, Idaho - Spokane, Washington ______________________________________________________________________________ TN PLANT MATERIALS NO. 2B OCTOBER 2011 REVISION Plants for Pollinators in the Inland Northwest Dan Ogle, Plant Materials Specialist, NRCS, Boise, Idaho Pamela Pavek, Agronomist, NRCS Plant Materials Center, Pullman, Washington Richard Fleenor, Plant Materials Specialist, NRCS, Spokane, Washington Mark Stannard, Manager, NRCS Plant Materials Center, Pullman, Washington Tim Dring, State Biologist, NRCS, Spokane, Washington Jim Cane, Bee Biology and Systematics Lab, ARS, Logan, Utah Karen Fullen, State Biologist, NRCS, Boise, Idaho Loren St. John, Manager, NRCS Plant Materials Center, Aberdeen, Idaho Derek Tilley, Agronomist, NRCS Plant Materials Center, Aberdeen, Idaho Brownbelted bumble bee (Bombus griseocollis) visiting a blanketflower (Gaillardia aristata). Pamela Pavek The purpose of this Technical Note is to provide guidance for the design and implementation of conservation plantings to enhance habitat for pollinators including: bees, wasps, butterflies, moths and hummingbirds. Plant species included in this document are adapted to the Inland Northwest, which encompasses northern Idaho, northeastern Oregon and eastern Washington. For species adapted to southern Idaho, southeastern Oregon, northern Nevada and northern Utah, refer to Idaho Plant Materials Technical Note 2A. For lists of species adapted to western Washington and western Oregon, refer to the Oregon
    [Show full text]
  • Determining the Optimum Alfalfa Seeding Rate by Mike Rankin
    Determining the Optimum Alfalfa Seeding Rate by Mike Rankin Introduction Figure 1. Typical progression from seeding 15 lb/acre of alfalfa seed to productive plants at 24 Virtually everyone who has applied their trade as an months after seeding alfalfa researcher has done a seeding rate study at some point in their career. The scientific literature is 80 full of such studies and most come to the same 70 conclusion: very little of what we dump in the drill ends 60 up as a productive alfalfa plant that lives to see the next presidential election. It’s not anyone’s fault, but 50 rather that inefficiency is a part of the deal. However, 40 there should be some consideration given to cutting 30 20 losses simply because input costs, including seed, are number/sq. ft. not getting any cheaper. 10 0 To take a closer look at the issue of alfalfa seeding Seeds Seedlings Plants @ Plants @ rates, let’s start at the beginning with the seed itself. planted 3-4 weeks 12 months 24 months There are about 199,000 alfalfa seeds per pound. If that one pound was evenly spread over one acre those seeds will be accounted for as seedlings after (43,560 ft.2), there would be in the neighborhood of emergence is complete in three to four weeks. Using a five seeds per square foot. So pick your seeding rate, 60 percent average, that leaves us with 45 seedlings multiply by five, and that’s how many seeds per square per square foot. At this point, it’s a survival of the foot are sitting a fraction of an inch below the soil fittest game.
    [Show full text]
  • Weed Control Guide for Ohio, Indiana and Illinois
    Pub# WS16 / Bulletin 789 / IL15 OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY EXTENSION Tables Table 1. Weed Response to “Burndown” Herbicides .............................................................................................19 Table 2. Application Intervals for Early Preplant Herbicides ............................................................................... 20 Table 3. Weed Response to Preplant/Preemergence Herbicides in Corn—Grasses ....................................30 WEED Table 4. Weed Response to Preplant/Preemergence Herbicides in Corn—Broadleaf Weeds ....................31 Table 5. Weed Response to Postemergence Herbicides in Corn—Grasses ...................................................32 Table 6. Weed Response to Postemergence Herbicides in Corn—Broadleaf Weeds ..................................33 2015 CONTROL Table 7. Grazing and Forage (Silage, Hay, etc.) Intervals for Herbicide-Treated Corn ................................. 66 OHIO, INDIANA Table 8. Rainfast Intervals, Spray Additives, and Maximum Crop Size for Postemergence Corn Herbicides .........................................................................................................................................................68 AND ILLINOIS Table 9. Herbicides Labeled for Use on Field Corn, Seed Corn, Popcorn, and Sweet Corn ..................... 69 GUIDE Table 10. Herbicide and Soil Insecticide Use Precautions ......................................................................................71 Table 11. Weed Response to Herbicides in Popcorn and Sweet Corn—Grasses
    [Show full text]
  • Bulk Drug Substances Under Evaluation for Section 503A
    Updated July 1, 2020 Bulk Drug Substances Nominated for Use in Compounding Under Section 503A of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act Includes three categories of bulk drug substances: • Category 1: Bulk Drug Substances Under Evaluation • Category 2: Bulk Drug Substances that Raise Significant Safety Concerns • Category 3: Bulk Drug Substances Nominated Without Adequate Support Updates to Section 503A Categories • Removal from category 3 o Artesunate – This bulk drug substance is a component of an FDA-approved drug product (NDA 213036) and compounded drug products containing this substance may be eligible for the exemptions under section 503A of the FD&C Act pursuant to section 503A(b)(1)(A)(i)(II). This change will be effective immediately and will not have a waiting period. For more information, please see the Interim Policy on Compounding Using Bulk Drug Substances Under Section 503A and the final rule on bulk drug substances that can be used for compounding under section 503A, which became effective on March 21, 2019. 1 Updated July 1, 2020 503A Category 1 – Bulk Drug Substances Under Evaluation • 7 Keto Dehydroepiandrosterone • Glycyrrhizin • Acetyl L Carnitine/Acetyl-L- carnitine • Kojic Acid Hydrochloride • L-Citrulline • Alanyl-L-Glutamine • Melatonin • Aloe Vera/ Aloe Vera 200:1 Freeze Dried • Methylcobalamin • Alpha Lipoic Acid • Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) • Artemisia/Artemisinin • Nettle leaf (Urtica dioica subsp. dioica leaf) • Astragalus Extract 10:1 • Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD) • Boswellia • Nicotinamide
    [Show full text]
  • DNA Based Identification of Medicinal Materials in Chinese Patent
    DNA based identification of medicinal materials in Chinese patent medicines SUBJECT AREAS: Rong Chen1, Juan Dong1, Xin Cui1, Wei Wang2, Afshan Yasmeen1, Yun Deng2, Xiaomao Zeng3 TARGET VALIDATION & Zhuo Tang1 DNA ASSAY SYSTEMS 1Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, P. R. China, 2State Key PCR-BASED TECHNIQUES Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Reseach, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resource, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, P. R. China, 3Department of Herpetology, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, P. R. China. Received 6 November 2012 Chinese patent medicines (CPM) are highly processed and easy to use Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Accepted The market for CPM in China alone is tens of billions US dollars annually and some of the CPM are also used 19 November 2012 as dietary supplements for health augmentation in the western countries. But concerns continue to be raised Published about the legality, safety and efficacy of many popular CPM. Here we report a pioneer work of applying molecular biotechnology to the identification of CPM, particularly well refined oral liquids and injections. 11 December 2012 What’s more, this PCR based method can also be developed to an easy to use and cost-effective visual chip by taking advantage of G-quadruplex based Hybridization Chain Reaction. This study demonstrates that DNA identification of specific Medicinal materials is an efficient and cost-effective way to audit highly processed Correspondence and CPM and will assist in monitoring their quality and legality. requests for materials should be addressed to raditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been used for health care in China and other oriental countries like Z.T.
    [Show full text]
  • The Worm Turns: Earthworm Cast Reduction on Golf Courses
    research research thrive under the conditions required to maintain mid-1990s were applied for grub control but were healthythrive under turfgrass the conditionsand are so required adaptable to maintainthat cul- alsomid-1990s acutely were toxic applied to earthworms for grub (14).control Most but of were the turalhealthy manipulations turfgrass and alone are soare adaptableunlikely tothat resolve cul- olderalso acutely worm-toxic toxic topesticides earthworms can no (14). longer Most be of used the castingtural manipulations problems. Physical alone are removal unlikely of tocasts resolve by onolder turf, worm-toxic and presently pesticides no pesticides can no longerare labeled be used for brushing,casting problems. switching Physical or dragging removal is laborious of casts and by earthwormon turf, and control presently in theno pesticidesUnited States. are labeled for Theofbrushing, only temporary switching worm benefit or dragging (8). is laborious turns: and earthworm control in the United States. of only temporary benefit (8). Peter Lees’ invention Chemical control PeterAn approach Lees’ inventionwidely used used for earthworm earthwormChemicalDuring control the past 20 years the problem of exces-castandAn cast approach suppression reduction widely from used the used early for 20th earthworm century siveDuring earthworm the past castings 20 years interfering the problem with of play exces- on untiland cast about suppression 1960 involved from the the early use 20thof chemical century ongolfsive earthwormcourses, golf sport castings
    [Show full text]
  • NUTRITION and FOOD SAFETY NEVER Take Medications Or
    NUTRITION AND FOOD SAFETY Medications, Recreational Substances and Supplements Many medications and supplements can interact with your transplant medications. This can cause you to feel unwell and can even lead to severe problems including the loss of your transplanted organ. Any time you plan to change, start, or stop a medication, please call the transplant office and ask to speak to your coordinator. In general, we do not recommend ANY herbal supplements after transplant. There are a few reasons for this: Manufacturers are not required to prove an herbal product is effective or safe. Herbal products are not standardized. You may get different amounts of the ingredients in each bottle of an herbal product, even if it is the same manufacturer. There is often little information on how herbal supplements interact with transplant medications. Without knowing if a supplement may hurt you, we would recommend that you do not use it. Some of your transplant medications can cause your body to lose vitamins and minerals. Based upon your routine blood work, your transplant team may ask you to take more or less vitamins and/or supplements. While most vitamins and minerals are safe to take, please do not take them unless approved by your transplant team. Food Most foods and drinks are completely safe for you to take after transplant. Please AVOID grapefruit, pomegranate, pomelo, blood orange, and black licorice, as these can increase the amount of anti- rejection medication in your body and this could harm you. Marijuana in any form can increase drug levels of your rejection medications and should never be used.
    [Show full text]
  • Kidney Disease and Your Diet
    Kidney Disease and Your Diet Kidney Disease and Your Diet Department of Nutrition Services Kidney and Urinary Program 1 Kidney Disease and Your Diet PD 3085 (Rev 2015-10) File: peyles 2 Kidney Disease and Your Diet Inside this book Page About your kidneys 1 Protein 3 Potassium 6 Phosphorus 11 Sodium (Salt) 17 Herb and Spice Guide 21 Fluids 22 Staying a Healthy Weight 24 Bread, Grains and Other Starches 26 Fats 27 Sugar and Sugar Containing Food 28 Your Daily Choices 29 Sample Menu Plan 30 Tips on Eating Out 32 Reading Labels 39 3 Kidney Disease and Your Diet About your kidneys Your kidneys are shaped like kidney beans. Each one is the size of your fist. A kidney has about 1 million tiny filters inside. What do kidneys do? Kidneys have 3 main jobs . They filter and remove waste from blood and make urine. kidney = = filter out wastes in urine They control the salt and water balance in your body. They produce hormones that help make red blood cells and keep your bones healthy. What happens when kidneys have a disease? Kidney disease affects all the jobs that healthy kidneys do. Kidneys with a disease do not remove waste out of your body very well. Wastes start to build up in your body. Where does the waste come from? Waste comes from the food we eat. Our food is made up of proteins, fat and starches. When we eat food, the body digests it. The blood absorbs the digested food and takes it to all the cells to be used.
    [Show full text]
  • Possible Causes of Yellowing Alfalfa
    University of Kentucky College of Agriculture, Food & Environment Extension Plant Pathology College of Agriculture, Food and Environment Cooperative Extension Service Plant Pathology Fact Sheet PPFS-AG-F-10 Possible Causes of Yellowing Alfalfa Paul Vincelli Chris Teutsch Kiersten Wise Extension Plant Pathologist Extension Forage Specialist Extension Plant Pathologist Alfalfa fields may periodically exhibit yellow foliage. Root Rots Possible causes for these symptoms are discussed There are a variety of root-rotting diseases of alfalfa below. that can cause yellow leaves, and these diseases are favored by saturated soils. Dark brown to black Possible Causes lesions appear on diseased roots, while above ground symptoms include yellowing and stunting. Leaf Spot Diseases During spring, several leaf spotting diseases— The most damaging of the root rot diseases is including Leptosphaerulina (Lepto) leaf spot Phytophthora root rot (Figure 2), which can attack (Figure 1) and spring black stem/leaf spot—are any part of the root system of plants of any age. common in alfalfa. Leaf spotting diseases result in distinct round to elongated spots that sometimes have a dark margin. Very wet weather in spring FIGURE 2 and early summer favor activity of leaf spotting diseases in first and second cuttings. Wet and humid weather during summer favor other leaf spotting and blighting diseases. All leaf spots and blights weaken plants, but alfalfa often outgrows the damage in later cuttings. Maintain a regular cutting schedule, cutting at 30- to 35-day intervals. FIGURE 1 FIGURE 1. LEAF SPOTTING DISEASES, SUCH AS LEPTO LEAF SPOT (LEPTOSHAERULINA LEAF SPOT) SHOWN HERE, CAUSE FOLIAGE TO YELLOW.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of Different Medicinal Plants Blends in Diets for Broiler Chickens
    Journal of Medicinal Plants Research Vol. 5(10), pp. 1971-1977, 18 March, 2011 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/JMPR ISSN 1996-0875 ©2011 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper Evaluation of different medicinal plants blends in diets for broiler chickens Farhad Khaligh, Ghorbanali Sadeghi*, Ahmad Karimi and Asaad Vaziry Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, P. O. Box: 416, Iran. Accepted 12 January, 2011 The effects of five blends of medicinal plants on performance, carcass characteristics, humoral immunity and serum lipids of broiler chickens were studied in this experiment. A total of 304 day- old male Ross-308 broiler chicks were allocated into six dietary treatments including basal diet with no supplement as control group (C), basal diet plus 10 g/kg of herbal blends including; garlic, cinnamon, thyme, rosemary and anise (B), thyme, caraway, carum copticum (G), alfalfa, senna, corn flower and absinthe (D) alfalfa, liquorice root, great burdock, cinnamon (F), polygermander, water cress, absinthe and echinacea purpura (E). Live body weight (LBW), average daily gain (ADG), daily feed intake (DFI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), carcass characteristics, concentration of some serum metabolites, immunological properties such as antibody titer against Newcastle disease virus as well as relative weights of bursa gland and spleen were studied in the experimental birds. Addition of blend D to the diet resulted in insignificant improvement of LBW whereas blend E decreased the birds LBW when compared with control group (p < 0.05) at 21 and 42 days of age. Significant depression of ADG in 1-21 and 1-42 and higher FCR in 1-42 rearing periods were also recorded in the blend E treated chickens (p < 0.05).
    [Show full text]
  • Effect of Supplementation of Satureja Essential Oils in Drinking Water on Immune Performance of Broiler Chickens Reared Under Heat Stress
    Vol. 7(10), pp. 121-124, October 2013 DOI: 10.5897/JCAB2013.0392 ISSN 1996-0867 ©2013 Academic Journals Journal of Cell and Animal Biology http://www.academicjournals.org/JCAB Full Length Research Paper Effect of supplementation of Satureja essential oils in drinking water on immune performance of broiler chickens reared under heat stress Reza parvar*, Heshmatollah khosravinia and Arash azarfar Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Lorestan, Iran. Accepted 20 August, 2013 Phytogenic feed additives, also called as phytobiotics or botanicals, are plant-derived compounds added into diets to enhance the productivity of poultry. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of administration of Satureja khuzestanica essential oils (SKEO) through drinking water on immune performance of broiler chicken using 720 one-day-old Arian chicks. The birds were raised under standard production practices up to 42 days of age. The birds continuously received drinking water treated with Tween 80 (Cont+; 500 ppm) or SKEO at 0 (Cont-), 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm. The mean hemagglutinin inhibition (HI) antibody titer was not significantly different among the treatments at 15, 21, 28 and 35 days of age (P>0.05). No significant differences were pointed out for relative weight of spleen, bursa and thymus at 21 days. Thymus weight reduced for the birds that received treated water but a difference was only significant for 400 ppm SKEO. The mean hetrophyle lymphocyte ratio was not significantly differing among the treatments. It is concluded that supplementation of broiler chicken drinking water with S. khuzestanica essential oils has no favorite impact on immune response of heat stressed broiler chicken.
    [Show full text]