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Security Council Issue: the Situation Regarding the Islamic State of Iraq
Forum: Security Council Issue: The Situation Regarding the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria Student Officer: Ekaterina Kusaiko Introduction & Main Ideas The Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), also known as the Islamic State of Iraq and Levant (ISIL) or the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham, is a Salafi jihadist militant group that follows an Islamic fundamentalist, Wahhabi doctrine of Sunni Islam. The group has referred to itself as the Islamic State (IS) since it proclaimed a worldwide caliphate in June 2014 and named Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi as its caliph. As a caliphate, it claims religious, political, and military authority over all Muslims worldwide. As of December 2015, the group has control over vast landlocked territory in Iraq and Syria, with a population estimate ranging between 2.8 million and 8 million people and where it enforces its interpretation of sharia law. ISIL affiliates control over the small areas of Libya, Nigeria, and Afghanistan and operates in other parts of the world, including North Africa and South Asia. ISIL gained prominence, when in early 2014 it drove Iraqi government forces out of key cities in its Western Iraq offensive, followed by the capture of Mosul and the Sinjar massacre, almost causing a collapse of the Iraqi government and prompting a renewal of US military action in Iraq. In Syria, the group has conducted ground attacks on both government forces and rebel factions. The number of fighters the group commands in Iraq and Syria was estimated by the CIA at 31,000, with foreign fighters accounting for around two thirds, while ISIL leaders claim 40,000 fighters, with the majority being Iraqi and Syrian nationals. -
1 | Page Submission to the Senate Standing Committees on Foreign
Submission to the Senate Standing Committees on Foreign Affairs Defence and Trade on the Issues facing diaspora communities in Australia by the Yazidi Australian Association Yazidi Australian Association welcomes the opportunity to provide a Submission to the Senate Standing Committees on Foreign Affairs Defence and Trade on the Issues facing diaspora communities in Australia. Yazidi Australian Association represents the needs and issues of the newly arrived Yazidi community members in Australia. We are one of the most recently arrived small and emerging refugee communities in Australia. Majority of our community members have settled in rural and regional Australia including Coffs Harbour, Wagga Wagga, Armidale and Toowoomba with a smaller cohort settling in Western Sydney. Below is a brief outline of the persecution faced by Yazidi community members. Further cultural information can be provided upon request. The Yazidi (or Ezidi) are a people who originate from Iraq, Syria and Turkey. The population is estimated to be between 800, 000 and 1000, 0001 globally, although their population is difficult to estimate considering their dwindling numbers over the last century due to constant persecution. The Yazidis are located primarily in the Nineveh province of northern Iraq, and in the Al-Jazira and Kurd- Dagh areas of Syria. The sacred valley of Lalish is the centre of pilgrimage for Yazidis. Some also live in Armenia and Georgia and many have migrated to parts of Europe. Sweden has had a significant Yazidi population since 20082 and Germany since the 1970s3 Yazidis almost all speak Kurmanji, with the exception of some villages in northern Iraq where Arabic is spoken. -
Report on the Yazidi Genocide: Mapping Atrocity in Iraq and Syria
REPORT ON THE YAZIDI GENOCIDE: MAPPING ATROCITY IN IRAQ AND SYRIA Abstract: This report outlines ISIS’ transgressions against the Yazidi Community in Iraq and Syria. The report recounts a brief history of the Yazidi people and their culture. The report also provides documentation of existing evidence SAP compiled. The report asserts ISIS’ actions are properly considered genocide. At its conclusion, the report calls on the international community to prioritize holding ISIS fighters responsible for the heinous actions perpetrated against the Yazidi Community in the summer of 2014. Authors: Kelsea Carbajal Cynthia Cline Edmond Gichuru Zachary Lucas Margaret Mabie Shelby Mann Joseph Railey Ashley Repp Syrian Accountability Project 2017-18 Leadership: Project Leader: Professor David M. Crane, Former Chief Prosecutor, Special Court of Sierra Leone Executive Director: Joseph Railey Chief Registrar: Conor Sullivan Chief Investigator: Jasmine Greenfield Senior Editor: Shelby Mann Yazidi Project Team Lead: Margaret Mabie SAP 2017-18 Members: Mohammad Almania, Nate Bosiak, Sam Bubauer, William Bucha, Kelsea Carbajal, Nick Carter, William Cleeton-Grandino, Kristina Cervi, Jordan Charnetsky, John Cronin, Emma Coppola, Brandon DeJesus, Britany Dierken, Michael Flessa, Steven Foss, Cintia Garcia, Kari Gibson, Brandon Golfman, Courtney Griffin, Kseniia Guliaeva, Christian Heneka, Jennifer Hicks, Justin Huber, Paige Ingram, Briannie Kraft, Breanna Leonard, Maggie Mabie, Nicole Macris, Aaron Maher, Natalie Maier, Shelby Mann, Molly McDermid, Alex Mena, Charlotte Munday, Samantha Netzband, Juhyung Oh, Lydia Parenteau, Clara Putnam, Aaron Records, Jade Rodriquez, Jose Estaban Rodriguez, Jenna Romine, Nichole Sands, Ethan Snyder, Zacharia Sonallah, Robert Strum, Lester Taylor, Elliot Vanier, Amit Vyas Special Contributions from: Jodi Upton, Joe Bloss, Amanda Caffey, Ying Chen, Ankur Dang, Kathryn Krawczyk, Baiyu Gao, C.B. -
Säkerhetssituationen 2019 2020 Och Dess Påver- Kan På Särskilda Grupper
LANDINFORMATION Rapportnummer: XX z Säkerhetssituationen 2019 2020 och dess påver- kan på särskilda grupper 1 MIGRATIONSVERKETS FUNKTION FÖR LAND- OCH OMVÄRLDSANALYS Den 1 maj 2019 inrättade Migrationsverket en ny funktion för land- och omvärldsanalys. Funktionen benämns Migrationsanalys och finns inom Migrationsverkets Nationella operativa avdelning. Migrationsverkets system för landinformation, Lifos, fortsätter att vara den plats där rapporter publiceras. LANDINFORMATION FÖR HANDLÄGGNING AV MIGRATIONSÄRENDEN Denna rapport är framtagen av Migrationsverket i enlighet med EU:s allmänna riktlinjer för framtagande av landinformation (2008). Rapporten innehåller landinformation avsedd för handläggning av migrationsärenden. Rapporten bygger på noggrant utvalda informationskällor. Alla källor refereras med undantag för beskrivning av allmänt kända förhållanden. Informationen i rapporten återspeglar inte Migrationsverkets ståndpunkt i en viss fråga och Migrationsverket har inte för avsikt att genom rapporten göra politiska eller rättsliga ställningstaganden. Landinformation: Irak – Säkerhetssituationen 2019–2020 och dess påverkan på särskilda grupper 2021-03-22, version 5.0 Rapporten är utgiven av Nationella operativa avdelningen, Migrationsanalys – Migrationsverkets funktion för land- och omvärldsanalys. Rapporten har publicerats i Migrationsverkets databas för landinformation, Lifos, © Migrationsverket (Swedish Migration Agency), 2021. Publikationen kan laddas ner från http://lifos.migrationsverket.se 1 Inledning .............................................................................................................................................................................. -
Recognizing Yezidi Genocide: Perspectives and Challenges of Initiating an (Inter)National Tribunal for the Crimes of ISIS Against Yezidi Minority
Maastricht University European Master’s Degree in Human Rights and Democratisation A.Y. 2018/2019 Recognizing Yezidi Genocide: Perspectives and Challenges of Initiating an (Inter)National Tribunal for the Crimes of ISIS against Yezidi Minority Author: Mirza ALI Supervisor: Prof. Andre Klip 1 ABSTRACT: This interdisciplinary research dissertation is based on the legal analysis about the characteristics of crimes of ISIS, possible recognition of Yezidi genocide according to the provisions of international criminal law and perspectives of initiating a special tribunal for the crimes of ISIS against Yezidi minority. The thesis compares evidence of the incidences and atrocities of ISIS with provisions of the UN Genocide Convention and other international treaties to find out whether Yezidis belong to a protected group under international law and whether these crimes could be legally named as genocide, crimes against humanity or war crimes. Secondly, the study highlights the international reactions and symbolic political recognition of Yezidi genocide worldwide and explains the obligations of those states who recognized the genocide by taking three examples of the USA, UK and European Union to examine what they did post-recognition and whether their measures promoted the initiation of a legal entity to punish the crimes of ISIS. Finally, this thesis analysis the perspectives and challenges of establishing a national or international tribunal for the crimes of ISIS, by highlighting the obstacles and possibilities for three roads towards bringing justice: referring the case to ICC; establishment of an Ad hoc/Hybrid tribunal; or the activation of an Iraqi national jurisdiction for international crimes. On the basis that facts are given about the current legal situation and appropriate ideas are recommended to reform Iraqi law in order to fulfil the contemporary standards of ICL and comply with the principles of international human rights. -
Yazidi-Women-As-Odalisques.Pdf
“The Inavsion of Singar is a Riddle, Someday, History will Reveal it” Yazidi Women as Odalisques Yazidi Women’s Living Conditions under the Rulings from Islamic States Written by: Dr. Sarwar A. Omer Translated by: Raz F. Abdulrahman English text review: Dr.Hoshang Farwq Sulaimani- 2018 Yazidi Women as Odalisques Publications of the Kurdistan Academics and Kurdistan Institution for Strategic Studies. Note: This book is a research submitted to a Kurdology conference held in JAGIELLONIA University in Krakow, Poland between 24-26/10/2016. The deposit number (1565) Was awarded in 2018 in the General Directorate of Public LibrariesP 2 Dr. Sarwar A. Omer To -The Yazidi virgin girls and women who are kidnapped -Naida Murad, Goodwill Ambassador for the dignity of Survivors of Human Trafficking and the international Ambassador of delivering the grief of Yazidi women This Book is Affectionately Dedicated. 3 Yazidi Women as Odalisques Acknowledgements I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Gasha Dara Hafid, Hakim Qasim Shiekh Othman, Taha Sleman and Khaman Zrar Who read the book before the publishing and pointed out the legal and grammatical mistakes and enriched the book with their insightful notes. My thanks go to Ms.Raz F.Abdulrahman for translating the book from Kurdish into English and for Mr.Hoshang Farooq for reviewing the translated text and Mr.Muhammad Baboli for designing the book. 4 Dr. Sarwar A. Omer Index Preface…………………………………………...………...…7 A summary about The Yazidis……………………………….9 Yazidi Women’s Living Conditions nder Rulings…..….….15 -
Historical Developments Jiyan Programs Jiyan Branches
Jiyan Foundation Annual for Human Rights Report Contents Welcome. Ma’ali from Mosul escaped from ISIS captivity and Introduction found refuge in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, where we were able to support her and her family. We 1 Welcome chose her story to welcome you to our annual report 2 Mission 2015/16, and kindly invite you to look back on the Jiyan Foundation’s activities on the following pages. A great deal has happened. Programs 4 Survivors of Torture & Terror “I still remember the terrorists arriving in Mosul with their pick-up trucks, the ones you see on TV. 6 Refugees & Displaced Persons They were passing by our house. My children were very afraid. There was shelling. My eight-year-old 8 Victims of Genocide son was afraid of the gunshots and explosions to the point where if I wanted to go to the bathroom, 10 Women's Rights he would come with me. When I slept, he slept be- side me. Also, I have a chronic illness. My health 12 Children's Rights was stable, but when ISIS terrorists attacked us, my condition worsened. 14 Civil Society & Democracy We fled to Sulaymaniyah, where I now receive 16 Professional Training treatment at the Jiyan Foundation for Human Rights. The psychotherapist helped me look at all the things that happened to me – not only because of ISIS, but also in my childhood. I started to see Spotlight that these were events which had now passed, and I should not waste the present because of the past. 18 Jiyan Clinic My mental health has become much better, and my chronic condition has improved too. -
PM Barzani Opens Zakho International Stadium KRG P 4 the Kurdish Globe No
From the Heart of Kurdistan Region The only English paper in Iraq - No: 493 Mon. June 08, 2015 PM Barzani opens Zakho International Stadium KRG P 4 The Kurdish Globe No. 493, Monday, June 08, 2015 2 President Barzani attends the birthday Peshmerge are ceremony of Queen Elizabeth II learning to read, whilst terrorists to shed blood President Masoud Barzani attended the During the ceremony President Barzz 89th birthday ceremony of Her Majesty zani reiterated his gratitude for the role By Gazi Hassan Queen Elizabeth II. The ceremony was of the United Kingdom in the current arranged by the General Consulate of war against the terrorists of the Islamic the United Kingdom and was attended State, and wished a happy birthday to by a number of diplomats and KRG ofz her Majesty. For this week, I wanted to discuss My important point is that the ficials. the grounds for heading towards Peshmerge who expect explosion of the Kurdish state as President Barzz bombed cars of ISIS at any time, and zani raised new hopes for people of who don’t know when and how an Kurdistan, especially after his visit to I.E.D could blow off under his feet, Sweden to send experts for Washington and meeting with Presiz how in such a high morale attend litz dent Obama and the White House eracy classes under a humble tent to staff. But I turned around to this title learn the alphabets, and to learn readz training Pehsmerga because when I really take a look at ing his own and his enemy’s names, to it, I say the situation shouldn’t be left learn using military tables and maps. -
RECLAIMING HOME the Struggle for Socially Just Housing, Land and Property Rights in Syria,Iraq and Libya
RECLAIMING HOME The struggle for socially just housing, land and property rights in Syria,Iraq and Libya Edited by Hannes Baumann RECLAIMING HOME The struggle for socially just housing, land and property rights in Syria, Iraq and Libya Edited by Hannes Baumann RECLAIMING HOME The struggle for socially just housing, land and property rights in Syria, Iraq and Libya Edited by Hannes Baumann Contributors Leïla Vignal Nour Harastani and Edwar Hanna Suliman Ibrahim Javier Gonzalez Ina Rehema Jahn and Amr Shannan Sangar Youssif Salih and Kayfi Maghdid Qadr Thomas McGee Not for Sale © Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. All rights reserved. No parts of this publication may be printed, reproduced or utilized in any from by any means without prior written permission from the publishers. The views and opinions expressed in this publication are solely those of the original authors. They do not necessarily represent those of the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. Cartographic Design: Thiago Soveral Cover Illustration: Moshtari Hillal Graphic Design: Mehdi Jelliti Published in 2019 by the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung’s Regional Project «For Socially Just Development in MENA» TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword Thomas Claes ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 05 Introduction Hannes Baumann ........................................................................................................................................................................................ -
Iraq's Yazidi
Minority Brief Profile: Iraq’s Yazidi May 2020 th th Yazidis count seventy-two genocides against their community in the 18 and 19 centuries, prior to the seventy-third attempt in 2014 by ISIS. The United Nations determined in June 2016 that Yazidis were victims of genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes committed by ISIS. Men and women who survived these crimes are plagued with symptoms of severe trauma and face unemployment, poverty, and homelessness. IRAQ’S YAZIDIS: A BACKGROUND The Yazidi of Iraq is one of the oldest ethno-religious minorities in the Middle East. Predominantly located in Northern Iraq, Yazidis are ethnically Kurdish and speak Kurmanji (northern Iraqi Kurdish). Before the 2014 Islamic State’s (ISIS) incursion in the Nineveh province, the Yazidi community of Iraq numbered around 1 600,000. Yazidi leaders estimate that there are now about 400,000 – 500,000 Yazidi still residing in Iraq, 2 primarily in the north and approximately 360,000 remain displaced. The origins of the Yazidi religion is believed to date back to the 11th century, though some trace their origins 3 to the ancient Sumerian period. Their religious beliefs are syncretic and share many elements with Zoroastrianism while observing many Abrahamic customs, such as baptism, circumcision, and not eating 4 pork. Yazidis are endogamous, rarely intermarry with other Kurds, and conversion to the Yazidi religion is 5 prohibited. 6 Under Article 2 of the Iraqi Constitution, Yazidis are guaranteed freedom of religious belief and practice. This gives the religion legal recognition in Iraq allowing it to appoint legal representatives and perform legal 7 transactions as well as give adherents of the faith access to their own personal status courts. -
From the Heart of Kurdistan Region
From the Heart of Kurdistan Region The only English paper in Iraq - No: 515 Mon. November 23, 2015 Erbil’s solidarity with Paris PRESS PHOTO Following the recent terrorist attacks on the French Capital, Paris, many world cities projected the colors of the French flags in their most famous places. Erbil showed the same solidarity with Paris by lighting the main gate of the Erbil Citadel with the three colors of the French Flag. The Kurdish Globe No. 515, Monday, November 23, 2015 2 ISIS wants to put US Vice President Congratulates Barzani on Sinjar Liberation out the shining sun on Eifel Tower By Gazi Hassan The US Vice President, rupt supply routes between Government of Iraq, and The recent week’s events turned rights in France and grown up Joseph Biden spoke with Mosul and Raqqa. They the Kurdistan Regional France from the country of prospp there. Those in the Middle East Iraqi Kurdistan Region emphasized that this presp Government to continue President Masoud Barzani sure will continue over the to degrade and ultimately perity, openness and democracy arose as result of the terror, hunp to congratulate him on the coming weeks and months. destroy ISIL. into a square for confronting the ger, suffering, unemployment, Kurdish Peshmerga sucp The Vice President praised Both leaders agreed on ISIS cannibals. and religious oppression, while cess against ISIL in Sinjar. cooperation between the the importance of continp In Kurdistan, ISIS was pounded in France, they arose exploiting The two leaders noted coalition and Peshmerga ued close cooperation in that this operation is part forces and underscored the the fight against ISIL in all hard. -
Yazidi Woman Spoke of Horror She Suffered Under IS Captivity by the Region - 21/11/2017 09:46
www.theregion.org Yazidi woman spoke of horror she suffered under IS captivity by The Region - 21/11/2017 09:46 After being kidnapped by Islamic State militants in Sinjar, Nadya Hesen Hewlo was the mother of two and expecting another baby when she was sold five times to Islamic State members in slave markets. Her new-born baby died of malnutrition and her daughter went missing. Nadya told her story under IS captivity to ANF news. IS invaded huge territory in Iraq including Sinjar in August 2014. In the following days, IS militants perpetrated the Sinjar massacre, killing 2,000 Yazidi men and taking Yazidi women into slavery, leading to a mass exodus of Yazidi residents. According to a UN report, 5,000 Yazidi civilians were killed during IS' August offensive. Nadya was kidnapped by IS members in a village near Sinjar in August 2014 when IS first killed her mother and father in front of her eyes and took her to Tal Afar and then to Mosul. She gave birth to her baby during this journey. About 40 days after her abduction, Nadya was taken to Raqqa and sold to a Saudi IS member as a slave. She was forced to work for about two months in severely bad conditions where her new-born son died of malnutrition. “My son was crying all the time. I couldn’t give him food or milk. One day, that man told me that he is poor and he can’t get milk for the baby. And I asked him ‘so why are you keeping us?’.