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A New Spider of the Genus Yunohamella (Araneae: Theridiidae) from Korea

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A New Spider of the Genus Yunohamella (Araneae: Theridiidae) from Korea Species Diversity 26: 165–169 Published online 17 June 2021 DOI: 10.12782/specdiv.26.165 A New Spider of the Genus Yunohamella (Araneae: Theridiidae) from Korea Sue Yeon Lee1 and Seung Tae Kim2,3 1 College of Agricultural Life Science, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Jeonju-si 54896, Republic of Korea 2 Life and Environment Research Institute, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea E-mail: [email protected] 3 Corresponding author (Received 17 January 2021; Accepted 27 March 2021) http://zoobank.org/25C6F7BF-FEDA-4D7C-BF9F-67BF95D168A5 Yunohamella varietas sp. n., from Ulsan Metropolitan City, Korea is newly described based on the male. The new spe- cies is closely related to Yunohamella lyrica (Walckenaer, 1841) and Yunohamella serpatusa (Guan and Zhu in Zhu et al., 1993), but can be distinguished from Y. lyrica and Y. serpatusa by the dorsal pattern of the abdomen, shape of embolus, conductor and median apophysis. The new species was collected with a sweep net in rice fields. Key Words: description, Korea, Theridiidae, Yunohamella varietas sp. n. and are recorded in millimeters. Leg and palp measure- Introduction ments (left) are given as leg number and total length (femur, patella+tibia, metatarsus, tarsus). Abbreviations used are as The genus Yunohamella Yoshida, 2007 was erected with follows: ALE=anterior lateral eye, AME=anterior median Theridion yunohamense Bösenberg and Strand, 1906 as eye, PLE=posterior lateral eye, PME=posterior median eye, the type species and can be distinguished by the dark basic AER=anterior eye row, PER=posterior eye row in the eye color of the body, the male palp with a short and straight region. The examined specimens of this study were depos- embolus, large tegulum, conductor conjugated with tegulum, ited in the National Institute of Biological resources (NIBR) small tegular apophysis, and the female epigynum without a collection, Korea. pointed scapus or depression (Yoshida 2007). A total of seven species belonging to the genus Yunohamella have been de- scribed and distributed in North America, Europe to Russia Taxonomic account (W-Siberia, the Urals to the Far East, Sakhalin, Kurile Isl.), China, Japan, Korea and Indonesia. Among them, four spe- Family Theridiidae Sundevall, 1833 cies of the genus, Y. lyrica (Walckenaer, 1841), Y. serpatusa Genus Yunohamella Yoshida, 2007 (Guan and Zhu in Zhu et al., 1993), Y. subadulta (Bösenberg Yunohamella varietas sp. n. and Strand, 1906) and Y. yunohamensis (Bösenberg and (Fig. 3) Strand, 1906), were recorded from Korea (Kim 2019; World Spider Catalog 2021) (Fig. 1). During a long-term survey Type materials. Holotype: male, 11 August 2020, Jik- of the rice field spider fauna for five years, 2016–2020, two dong-ri, Sangnam-myeon, Eonyang-eup, Ulsan Metropoli- males of Yunohamella varietas sp. n. were collected among tan City, Korea (35°34′86.0″N, 129°07′91.1″E). Paratype: one rice plants with a sweep net (Fig. 2A). The present study male, same data as the holotype, collected by S. T. Kim. describes a new spider from Korea, Y. varietas sp. n. of the Etymology. The species name is derived from the Latin family Theridiidae, with measurements and morphological noun ‘varietas’ meaning mottled appearance, referring to illustrations. the black and whitely mottled pattern on dorsum of the ab- domen. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to Y. lyrica and Y. Materials and Methods serpatusa with important diagnostic characters of the genus in the genital structure such as the shape of embolus, con- The external morphology was examined using a stereo- ductor, median apophysis of the palpal organ in morpholo- scopic dissecting microscope (Leica, S8APO) and illus- gy. The new species with dorsal spots with a cardiac pattern trated. Photographs of the body were taken with a Canon on the abdomen, embolus long and slightly curved, thick 650D with 60 mm macro-lens. Measurements of each part and long beak-like conductor, peach-like median apophysis of the body were taken with an ocular micrometer scale (Fig. 3F), but can be easily distinguished from Y. lyrica with © 2021 The Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology 166 S. Y. Lee and S. T. Kim Fig. 1. Distribution of Yunohamella species in Korea. Fig. 2. Collection site of Yunohamella varietas sp. n. (A) and various types of hillock forests adjacent to the rice fields (B). a distinct dorsal stripe on the abdomen, embolus medium head region infuscate, thoracic margin with a broad black- and straight, long and flame-like conductor with a twisted ish gray band, suboval, cervical and radial furrows indis- tip, angular median apophysis (Fig. 4A) (Levi 1957: 89, figs tinct, longitudinal fovea V-shaped and deeply depressed, 322, 323; Yoshida 1987: 13, figs 1, 2; Namkung 2002: 96, figs head region slightly elevated (Fig. 3A). Eyes: AER 0.49, 13, 14b) and from Y. serpatusa with a distinct dorsal stripe PER 0.54, AME 0.11, ALE 0.08, PME 0.10, PLE 0.12, AME- on the abdomen, embolus short and straight, broad and long AME 0.10, AME-ALE 0.04, PME-PME 0.06, PME-PLE 0.05, spatula-like conductor, round median apophysis (Fig. 4B) AME-PME 0.09, ALE-PLE contiguous, all eyes on slightly (Zhu et al. 1993: 92, figs 14–17; Marusik and Logunov 2017: raised eye tubercles, PMEs encircled with black, AER re- 92, figs 35–39). curved and PER almost straight from above (Fig. 3B). Che- Description. Male holotype. Total length 3.03 (habitus). licera: 0.60 long/0.21 wide, yellowish brown with one pro- Carapace: 1.15 long/0.93 wide, dusky yellowish brown, the marginal tooth and 2 retromarginal teeth (Fig. 3C). Endite: A new species of Yunohamella from Korea 167 Fig. 3. Yunohamella varietas sp. n., male holotype. A, Body (habitus in specimen), dorsal view; B, eye region, from above; C, chelicera (left), retrolateral view; D, sternum; E, palp (left), prolateral view; F, ditto, ventral view; G, ditto, retrolateral view; H, ditto, dorsal view (C, conductor; E, embolus; Ma, median apophysis; Sd, sperm duct; St, subtegulum; T, tegulum). Scale bars in mm. 0.30 long/0.15 wide, dusky and pale blackish brown. La- brown annuli. Abdomen: 1.28 long/0.97 wide, pale grayish bium: 0.13 long/0.22 wide, dusky and pale blackish brown. brown, ovoid, cardiac pattern present, dorsum with paired Sternum: 0.64 long/0.62 wide, blackish brown, anterome- black and white spots, clothed sparsely with long reddish dian part light, triangular, convex, posterior end blunt pro- brown hairs (Fig. 3A). Palp: 1.02 (0.43, 0.23, –, 0.36), palpal truding deeply between the coxae of leg IV (Fig. 3D). Legs: bulb almost globular, tegulum large, thick embolus almost I 9.89 (2.97, 2.98, 2.90, 1.04)/II 4.98 (1.95, 1.30, 1.08, 0.65)/III straight and slightly curved with a broad base and pointed 3.19 (1.06, 0.85, 0.77, 0.51)/IV 4.95 (1.70, 1.36, 1.30, 0.59), leg tip originated from median part of the tegulum, broad beak- formula I–II–IV–III, pale yellowish brown, long and slen- like conductor conjugated with tegulum and originated der, median and distal end of femur with blackish brown from the anteromedian part, seminal duct crooked repeat- annuli, distal ends of tibia and metatarsus with blackish edly and characteristic, median apophysis large and peach- 168 S. Y. Lee and S. T. Kim Fig. 4. Palp (left), ventral view; Yunohamella lyrica (Walckenaer, 1841) from Inje-gun, Gangwon-do, Korea (A) and Yunohamella serpatusa (Guan and Zhu in Zhu et al., 1993) from Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do, Korea (B). (C, conductor; E, embolus; Ma, median apophysis; Sd, sperm duct; St, subtegulum; T, tegulum). Scale bar in mm. shaped, subtegulum distinct (Fig. 3E–H). are less mobile and more likely to stay in the same place for Female. unknown. longer periods than males do. On the other hand, males are Distribution. Korea (Jikdong-ri, Ulsan Metropolitan more active and dispersive than females (Foelix 1996). Con- City) (Fig. 1). sidering the congener’s habitat and records of Korean rice Remarks. The present new species was collected between field spiders, this species is unreasonable to classified as a rice plants with a sweep net and first reported in rice fields typical rice field spider. It seems to be accidently introduced (Fig. 1A). A total of seven species of spiders belonging to the into rice fields through ballooning after maturity from an genus Yunohamella have been described, and most of the adjacent hillock forest (Fig. 2A, B). species in the genus have been found in various types of for- ests to date: Y. gibbosa Gao and Li, 2014 from tropical sea- sonal rainforests (Gao and Li 2014), Y. lyrica from Magno- Acknowledgements lia baillonii Pierre (Magnoliaceae) plantation (20 years old plantation), mountains, or hillock forests (Gao and Li 2014; The study was supported by grants from the Rural Devel- Kim et al. 2016), Y. palmgreni (Marusik and Tsellarius, 1986) opment Administration (RDA) (PJ 01507103) of the Min- from various type of forests and trees (Blick et al. 2006), istry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) and Y. serpatusa from the giant forest or Mongolian oak forest the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR) of the (Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb., Fagaceae) (Zhu et al. Ministry of Environment (ME) of the Republic of Korea 1993; Seo 2015), Y. subadulta from mountains or hillock (NIBR202002204). forests (Kim et al. 2016), Y. takasukai Yoshida, 2012 from mountain forests (Yoshida 2012) and Y. yunohamensis from the entrance of caves and mountain forests (Chikuni 1989; References Namkung 2002).
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