DOCSLIB.ORG

Italian Prisoners of War in the South African Imagination: Contemporary Memory, History and Narrative

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Italian Prisoners of War in the South African Imagination: Contemporary Memory, History and Narrative 1 Italian Prisoners of War in the South African Imagination: Contemporary Memory, History and Narrative Donato Andrew Somma A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Johannesburg 2013. 2 Plagiarism declaration 1. I know that plagiarism is wrong. Plagiarism is to use another’s work and to pretend that it is one’s own. 2. I have used the author date convention for citation and referencing. Each significant contribution to and quotation in this essay from the work or works of other people has been acknowledged through citation and reference. 3. This essay is my own work. 4. I have not allowed and will not allow anyone to copy my work with the intention of passing it off as his or her own work. ____________________________ _______________________________ Signature Date Human Research Ethics Clearance (non-medical). Certificate Number: WSOA101109 3 Acknowledgements My deepest thanks go to Professor Cynthia Kros, whose combination of intellectual rigour and flexibility has shaped all that is best in this thesis. I am grateful to the various funders of the project: the main funding for the field work from The Oppenheimer Memorial Trust, funding for material and equipment from the Mellon Retiree Mentorship Fund, and support from the University of the Witwatersrand in the form of staff bursaries, a completion grant and teaching buyout. I am thankful for the support of my colleagues in the Wits School of Arts and the university, for their advice, input and indulgence over the last five years. Particular thanks to Professors Gerrit Olivier, Isabel Hofmeyr and Susan van Zyl for their specific help in shaping the core ideas at various points. I wish to acknowledge the great generosity of the participants who agreed to interview for this research, who gave of their time and shared their stories so freely: Lou Jurriaanse, Marietha Smit, Barry and Margaret Dickinson, Emilia Guillerminotti in Pent, Enrico Usseglio, Nipper and Sylvia Thompson, Anita Rech and Joseph Unterpatinger, Gub Turner, Rita van der Heever, Anna Masselli, Franco Muraro, Vincent Lamberti, Jill Ward, Rosa née Fardella, Arthur Fregona, Professor Mino Caira, Mike, Zeppe and Paola Chisin, Domenica Ferucci, Nellie Basson, Armand Botha, Ton Sanders, Ruth Prinsloo. Thanks to those who offered research leads and support of various kinds: John Branson, Louis Changuion, Dave Curtis, John Deare, Zeppe Fardella, Hillary Hendricks, Gia and William Kieser, Javier Lorca, Andre Martinaglia, Graham McComb, Alessia Milanese, John Morrison, Paul Murray, Hilary Prendini-Toffoli, Jeffrey Steele, James Turner. A particular thanks to Emilio Coccia, whose tireless efforts at the Zonderwater Museum and Cemetery is the foundation of a growing body of highest quality research, thanks largely to his meticulous and reliable work. Thanks to my editor Bernice MacNeil and Afrikaans reader Zunelle Breytenbach. I am very grateful to my extended family for their encouragement and understanding of my disappearance over the last few years, and particularly to Kathy Somma for her belief in the project. Finally, Nicola Cloete, your comprehensive, consistent and disciplined work on memory have given this thesis its strongest anchor. This commitment is matched only by the personal support that you have given me over the last five years. Thank you. 4 Dedication To the Italian Prisoners of War who dedicated themselves to creating in a time of destruction, and to the South Africans who enrich our imagination by telling their stories. 5 Abstract This thesis offers a critical exploration of the ways in which South Africans remember the Italian Prisoners of War who were detained in South Africa during the Second World War. It proposes that the material traces and narrativising of their experiences by South Africans reveal tiers of memory-making that speak to successive social, historical and political contexts in South Africa since the end of the Second World War. In tracing the connections between these tiers, the thesis engages questions of history- and memory-making by constituting the memory of the Italian Prisoners of War as a ‘site of memory’. The implications of constituting memory thus are mapped as the research investigates processes of narrative at play in the writing of history, the writing of fiction and the telling of stories in relation to the Italian Prisoners of War. The thesis is at once a theoretical reflection on these questions of history, memory and narrative and a contribution to heritage studies more broadly, in that it questions the value of memory and memorialisation of events that are less central to current national discourse. The dearth of critical work on South Africa in the Second World War prompts questions of who remembers what and why, as well as what becomes of memory when the primary repositories and places of memory are passed on to subsequent generations and to communities indirectly involved with the subject of that memory. 6 Title page………………………………………………………………………………............1 Plagiarism declaration…………………………………………………………………………2 Acknowledgments……………………………………………………………………………..3 Dedication……………………………………………………………………………………..4 Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………..5 Table of Contents…………………………………………………...…………………………6 Chapter One: Introduction ……………………..…………………...…………………………8 Chapter Two: Theorising History, Memory and Narrative…………………………………..20 2.1 Memory and History…………………………………………….…….…………………20 2.2 Stories and Memory ……………………………..………………………………………44 2.3 Research Process and Chapter Outline ……..……………………………………………63 Chapter Three: Fiction ………………………………………………………………………67 3.1 Situating The Long Silence of Mario Salviati …………………………………………...67 3.2 Bridge-Building and Winding Roads …………………..………………………………..85 3.2.1 The Joubert trilogy: Anderkant Pontenilo ……..………………………………………88 3.2.2 The Joubert trilogy: Pérsomi, Kind van die Brakrant …………………………………98 3.2.3 The Joubert trilogy: Kronkelpad ……………………………………………………..102 3.3 Die Naamlose, Mariël Le Roux ………………………………………..……………….110 3.4 Nipper’s Stories …………………………………………………………….…………..116 3.5 Chestnuts ……………………………………………………………………...………..128 3.6 Conclusion …………………………………………………………………….………..132 Chapter Four: Named Prisoners of War ……………………………………………………134 4.1 Lou Jurriaanse and Trento Ventura ……………………………………………...……..135 4.2 The Rechs ………………………………………………………………………..……..164 4.3 Giuseppe Pent as remembered by Emilia Guillerminotti and Enrico Usseglio.………..181 4.4 Conclusion ……………………………………………………………………….……..187 Chapter Five: Nameless Prisoners of War …………………………………………………189 5.1 Italian POW Ghosts: Lingering between hotels ………………………………………..191 5.2 Stopped Again: Italian POWs above and below the mountain pass……………………202 5.3 The Inclusive Sacrario and the lost memory of Captain Lamberti ……………………..215 5.4 Conclusion ………………………………………………………………….…………..229 Chapter Six: Findings and Conclusion …………………………………………...………...231 7 Appendices ……………………………………………………………………...239 Interview 1 ………………………………………………………………...……241 Interview 2 …………………………………………………………………...…253 Interview 3 ………………………………………...……………………………256 Interview 4 …………………………………………...…………………………261 Interview 5 ………………………………………………...……………………266 Interview 6 …………………………………………………...…………………279 Interview 7 ……………………………………………………...………………290 Interview 9 ………………………………………………………...……………296 Interview 10 ……………………………………………………….……………309 Interview 11…………………………………………………………..…………319 Interview 12 ………………………………………………………….…………325 Interview 14 ………………………………………………………….…………331 Interview 15 ………………………………………………………….…………340 Interview 16 ………………………………………………………….…………351 Interview 17 ………………………………………………………….…………358 Interview 18 ………………………………………………………….…………363 Interview 20 …………………………………………….………………………368 List of Figures ………………………………………………...………………...375 Sources …………………………………………………………..……………....376 8 Chapter One: Introduction Now, their subtly fine bindings, gleaming against the drab covers of commonplace recollections, they stand out, and seem worthwhile recounting (Kermode 2008, 9). In the light of the traumatic local history that defined South Africa in the second half of the twentieth century, it is easy to forget that South Africans played an active role in the world- changing campaigns and battles of the Second World War. Across racial lines as soldiers of the Union Defence Force and as members of the unarmed Native Corps, South Africans made significant contributions to campaigns in East Africa (Orpen 1968), North Africa (Orpen 1971; Brown 1972) and Southern Europe (Henry & Orpen 1977). Other than the dramatic domestic politics following the war, part of the general amnesia around the period, beyond the limited circulation of soldier memoirs and the activity of veteran associations, can be attributed to the fact that the war never came to South African shores. While it certainly came close enough in the form of torpedoed vessels off the coast and even the docking of soldier transport vessels (Wessels 1996), the blackout protocol at Durban was a figurative grand drape that South Africa drew around itself to keep the ‘theatre of war’ out. One of the few ways that the effects of the war entered the daily life of South Africans at home was through the presence of Italian prisoners of war (POWs hereafter) living and working within the Union from the time of their arrival, around 1941 to the repatriation of the last prisoners in 1947 (Carlesso 2009). The first Italians imprisoned in South Africa during the Second World War were not soldiers but
Load more

Recommended publications
  • PERFORMED IDENTITIES: HEAVY METAL MUSICIANS BETWEEN 1984 and 1991 Bradley C. Klypchak a Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate
    PERFORMED IDENTITIES: HEAVY METAL MUSICIANS BETWEEN 1984 AND 1991 Bradley C. Klypchak A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May 2007 Committee: Dr. Jeffrey A. Brown, Advisor Dr. John Makay Graduate Faculty Representative Dr. Ron E. Shields Dr. Don McQuarie © 2007 Bradley C. Klypchak All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Dr. Jeffrey A. Brown, Advisor Between 1984 and 1991, heavy metal became one of the most publicly popular and commercially successful rock music subgenres. The focus of this dissertation is to explore the following research questions: How did the subculture of heavy metal music between 1984 and 1991 evolve and what meanings can be derived from this ongoing process? How did the contextual circumstances surrounding heavy metal music during this period impact the performative choices exhibited by artists, and from a position of retrospection, what lasting significance does this particular era of heavy metal merit today? A textual analysis of metal- related materials fostered the development of themes relating to the selective choices made and performances enacted by metal artists. These themes were then considered in terms of gender, sexuality, race, and age constructions as well as the ongoing negotiations of the metal artist within multiple performative realms. Occurring at the juncture of art and commerce, heavy metal music is a purposeful construction. Metal musicians made performative choices for serving particular aims, be it fame, wealth, or art. These same individuals worked within a greater system of influence. Metal bands were the contracted employees of record labels whose own corporate aims needed to be recognized.
    [Show full text]
  • Transnational Resistance Strategies and Subnational Concessions in Namibia's Police Zone, 1919-1962
    Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports 2021 “Remov[e] Us From the Bondage of South Africa:” Transnational Resistance Strategies and Subnational Concessions in Namibia's Police Zone, 1919-1962 Michael R. Hogan West Virginia University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd Part of the African History Commons Recommended Citation Hogan, Michael R., "“Remov[e] Us From the Bondage of South Africa:” Transnational Resistance Strategies and Subnational Concessions in Namibia's Police Zone, 1919-1962" (2021). Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports. 8264. https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/8264 This Dissertation is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by the The Research Repository @ WVU with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Dissertation in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you must obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Dissertation has been accepted for inclusion in WVU Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports collection by an authorized administrator of The Research Repository @ WVU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. “Remov[e] Us From the Bondage of South Africa:” Transnational Resistance Strategies and Subnational Concessions in Namibia's Police Zone, 1919-1962 Michael Robert Hogan Dissertation submitted to the Eberly College of Arts and Sciences at West Virginia University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In History Robert M.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction
    1 CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction People and things are given names for identification purposes. A name is a title given to a person or a thing. A name is defined by Sebashe (2003:12) as a word or words by which a person, animal, place or a thing is spoken of or referred to. In other words, a name distinguishes a particular thing from others. Names have political, social, economic and religious significance. As far as this study is concerned, the emphasis would be on the political significance of a name. The Black South Africans suffered a significant harm during the apartheid regime. The Europeans dominated in everything which resulted in Blacks losing their identity, culture, values, heritage an tradition. The European domination interfered with the naming patterns of the indigenous people of South Africa. Names of places were virtually Eurocentric. This is evident in town names, for example, Johannesburg, Pretoria, Pietersburg and Potgietersrus. Tables turned when a democratic government was elected in 1994. The affected people started to realize the negative impact of apartheid on numerous things, places names inclusive. The new government started to implement political changes. Some place names are changed to strike a balance between races, new places are named according to what the people want. Place naming starts to shift a distance away from Eurocentric to African names. Towns, streets, sporting facilities, names of settlements, businesses and 2 educational institutions are the most places affected by name changes and new naming patterns. 1.2 Background to the problem The problem of place naming in Africa in general and South Africa in particular started during the colonial period when many European countries scrambled for Africa in the 17th century.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role and Application of the Union Defence Force in the Suppression of Internal Unrest, 1912 - 1945
    THE ROLE AND APPLICATION OF THE UNION DEFENCE FORCE IN THE SUPPRESSION OF INTERNAL UNREST, 1912 - 1945 Andries Marius Fokkens Thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Military Science (Military History) at the Military Academy, Saldanha, Faculty of Military Science, Stellenbosch University. Supervisor: Lieutenant Colonel (Prof.) G.E. Visser Co-supervisor: Dr. W.P. Visser Date of Submission: September 2006 ii Declaration I, the undersigned, hereby declare that the work contained in this thesis is my own original work and that I have not previously submitted it, in its entirety or in part, to any university for a degree. Signature:…………………….. Date:………………………….. iii ABSTRACT The use of military force to suppress internal unrest has been an integral part of South African history. The European colonisation of South Africa from 1652 was facilitated by the use of force. Boer commandos and British military regiments and volunteer units enforced the peace in outlying areas and fought against the indigenous population as did other colonial powers such as France in North Africa and Germany in German South West Africa, to name but a few. The period 1912 to 1945 is no exception, but with the difference that military force was used to suppress uprisings of white citizens as well. White industrial workers experienced this military suppression in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 when they went on strike. Job insecurity and wages were the main causes of the strikes and militant actions from the strikers forced the government to use military force when the police failed to maintain law and order.
    [Show full text]
  • Lana Del Rey - Born to Die: the Paradise Edition Pdf
    FREE LANA DEL REY - BORN TO DIE: THE PARADISE EDITION PDF Lana Del Rey | 136 pages | 01 Mar 2013 | Hal Leonard Publishing Corporation | 9781458448620 | English | United States Born to Die - Paradise Edition - Rolling Stone Paradise is the third extended play and second major release by American singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey ; it was released on November 9, by Universal Music. It was additionally packaged with the reissue of her second studio albumBorn to Dietitled Born to Die: The Paradise Edition. The EP's sound has been described as baroque pop [1] and trip hop. Upon its release, Paradise received generally favorable reviews from music critics. The extended play debuted at No. It also debuted at No. That same month, an EP of the same name was made available for digital purchase, containing the film along with the three aforementioned songs. In an interview with RTVE on June 15,Del Rey announced that she had Lana del Rey - Born to Die: The Paradise Edition working on a new album due in November, and that five tracks had already been written, [3] two of them being " Young and Beautiful " [ citation needed ] and "Gods and Monsters", [ citation needed ] and another track titled "Body Electric", which was performed and announced as one of her songs at BBC Radio 1's Hackney Weekend. The prior album's re-release, titled Born to Die: The Paradise Editionwas available for pre-order offering an immediate download of "Burning Desire" in some countries. The song served as the soundtrack for a short film called Desire[8] directed by Ridley Scott and starring Damian Lewis.
    [Show full text]
  • Improving Newborn Care in South Africa
    Improving Newborn Care in South Africa Lessons learned from Limpopo Initiative for Newborn Care (LINC) January 2011 Commissioned by UNICEF With technical guidance and collaboration with the National Department of Health, the Limpopo Provincial Department of Health, and the Department of Paediatrics, University of Limpopo in South Africa. Acknowledgements to Dr Fge Bonnici, Dr L Bamford, Dr S Crowley, Dr A Robertson-Sutton Published by UNICEF South Africa 6th Floor, Metro Park Building 351 Schoeman Street i Pretoria PO Box 4884 Pretoria 0001 Telephone: +27 12 354 8201 Facsimile: +27 12 354 8293 www.unicef.org/southafrica www.facebook.com/unicefsouthafrica First published 2011 Design and typesetting by Farm Design, www.farmdesign.co.za ii Contents List of abbreviations iv List of figures iv List of tables v Introduction – Newborn care in district hospitals in South Africa 1 Limpopo Province 5 Limpopo Province 6 Comparison with other Provinces 8 The LINC approach 11 What is LINC and how does it work? 12 Impact on capacity, quality and outcomes of neonatal care 15 Impacts on capacity for and quality of neonatal care 16 Impacts on human resources 22 Impact on neonatal health outcomes 24 Cost & resources 29 At provincial level 30 At facility level 31 Summary of key achievements 33 Advancing the commitment to newborn care 34 Building system-wide capacity 34 Outputs and outcomes 35 Lessons for policy makers & programme officers 37 At national and provincial levels 38 At health facility level 38 What are the key strengths and limitations of the
    [Show full text]
  • Download Europe Full Album the Final Countdown (Expanded Edition) Purchase and Download This Album in a Wide Variety of Formats Depending on Your Needs
    download europe full album The Final Countdown (Expanded Edition) Purchase and download this album in a wide variety of formats depending on your needs. Buy the album Starting at £10.49. One of the most glorious launches in history, the title track for the thrice-platinum The Final Countdown is so bombastically brilliant, such glorious garbage, that this nuclear hair assault could only spew from the vacuous '80s. But the full-tilt follow-up "Rock the Night" rules also: "You know it ain't easy/Running out of thrills." "Carrie" comes off a consummate butane ballad. Meanwhile, the rest of the disc packs so much power that Swedish superheroes Europe get away with all the processed pretension. In fact, the lofty ambition of "Danger on the Track," "Ninja," and "Cherokee" (each as tasty as its title) combines with heated drive and hot delivery to meld The Final Countdown into a unique portrait of propulsive prog and a worthy addition to any hard rock collection. This is the story; this is the legend told by Teutonic guitars and predictable keyboards ringing pure and hurtling through each and every convention perfectly. The quintet's big-boy Epic inaugural, The Final Countdown deftly combines the Valhalla victory of Europe's heroic debut with the American poodle pomposity that devoured the band. You could live without The Final Countdown, but why? © Doug Stone /TiVo. Europe (2) Hair / Glam Metal (Heavy Metal) band from Upplands Väsby, Stockholm, (Sweden). Europe formed in 1979. The band rose to international fame in the 1980s with its third album, 1986's The Final Countdown, which sold over three million copies in the United States.
    [Show full text]
  • Export / Import: the Promotion of Contemporary Italian Art in the United States, 1935–1969
    City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 2-2016 Export / Import: The Promotion of Contemporary Italian Art in the United States, 1935–1969 Raffaele Bedarida Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/736 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] EXPORT / IMPORT: THE PROMOTION OF CONTEMPORARY ITALIAN ART IN THE UNITED STATES, 1935-1969 by RAFFAELE BEDARIDA A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Art History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The City University of New York 2016 © 2016 RAFFAELE BEDARIDA All Rights Reserved ii This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in Art History in satisfaction of the Dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy ___________________________________________________________ Date Professor Emily Braun Chair of Examining Committee ___________________________________________________________ Date Professor Rachel Kousser Executive Officer ________________________________ Professor Romy Golan ________________________________ Professor Antonella Pelizzari ________________________________ Professor Lucia Re THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK iii ABSTRACT EXPORT / IMPORT: THE PROMOTION OF CONTEMPORARY ITALIAN ART IN THE UNITED STATES, 1935-1969 by Raffaele Bedarida Advisor: Professor Emily Braun Export / Import examines the exportation of contemporary Italian art to the United States from 1935 to 1969 and how it refashioned Italian national identity in the process.
    [Show full text]
  • Una Misión Fascista En América Latina: La Travesía De La R
    Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas A.C. División de Historia. Una misión fascista en América Latina: la travesía de la R. Nave Italia, 1922-1924. Tesis que para obtener el grado de Maestro en Historia Internacional presenta Walter Raúl de Jesús Martínez Hernández. Asesor: Dr. Marco Zuccato. 2014. 1 Índice. Agradecimientos. 3 Introducción. 5 Capítulo I. Punto de partida. 14 Capítulo II. Una nave llamada Italia. 27 Capítulo III. La travesía Latinoamericana. 63 Capítulo IV. México: un estudio de caso. 87 Epílogo. 129 Consideraciones finales. 146 Anexo I. 154 Anexo II. 163 Fuentes. 177 2 Agradecimientos. Dedico este trabajo a mi familia, que me apoyó y reconfortó en los momentos más complicados. Agradezco infinitamente el cariño y el apoyo moral que me ha brindado la mujer con la que he compartido los últimos seis años de mi vida, Daniela Calderón Canseco. Expreso también mi agradecimiento al Ingeniero Roberto Hernández López, sin cuyo respaldo no hubiera podido concretar este y otros proyectos de vida. Mi gratitud inmensa para el profesor Stefano Tedeschi de la Università La Sapienza di Roma, quien tuvo la gentileza de aceptar y asesorar mi estancia de investigación en Italia. Doy gracias, igualmente, al Dr. Paolo Evangelisti por haberme dado orientación y asesoría personalizada durante mi labor en el Archivio Storico della Camera dei Deputati en Roma. Quiero agradecer al Dr. Marco Zuccato, mi asesor de tesis, por el compromiso que asumió con mi trabajo y todos los consejos francos y útiles que me ha dado. No olvidaré tampoco las críticas, opiniones y recomendaciones tan valiosas de la Dra.
    [Show full text]
  • Collective Violence and the Agrarian Origins of South African Apartheid, 1900–1948 John Higginson Index More Information
    Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-04648-1 - Collective Violence and the Agrarian Origins of South African Apartheid, 1900–1948 John Higginson Index More information Index aankoord , 40 and 1914 Rebellion, 345 African agriculture, 6 and Afrikaner youth, 354 African irregulars and the “shirt” movements, 26 , 346 African soldiers fi ghting under British or apartheid government of 1948, 137 their own leaders during South African Apartheid Manifesto, 341 War, 33 , 37 , 46 , 49 , 50 , 59 , 61 , 65 , 66 , 74 , as a “network of rackets,” 351 77 , 96 , 99 , 101 , 114 , 350 “grand apartheid,” 20 African peasant smallholders, 31 , 37 , 58 , 102 protracted demise, 358 African peasants arme blankedom . See bywoners: during 1914 Rebellion, 164 poor whites during aftermath of South African War, Armeburgersfonds Applikasie Boek 84 , 101 Poor Burgher Relief, 44 during South African War, 62 , 65 , 67 , 68 Atkins, Keletso, 4 African protest, 4 Afrikaanse Ekonomiese Boere Verbond , 185 Baden-Powell, R. S. S. General, 52 , 53 , 55 , 57 , Afrikaanse Nasionale Studentbond , 321 58 , 97 , 319 Alberts, Sarel Francois formation of South African captured at Swartsruggens in December Constabulary, 68 1914, 173 speculation on future of South African early planner of 1914 Rebellion, 165 Constabulary, 97 fl ight to rebel stronghold Steenbokfontein, Bailey, Abe Sir, 294 November 1914, 172 bangziekte or “shell shock,” 46 leader of 1914 Rebellion, 161 Barnard, Willem, 65 Nationalist M. P. from Magaliesberg in adolescent guerrilla soldier and murderer of 1932, 291 African transport rider Franz, December on trial with Grobler and van Broekhuizen 1900, 63 in 1915, 180 Barnato, Barney, 36 sold farm in Thabazimbi, June 1905, 92 Barrett, E.
    [Show full text]
  • Marketing “Proper” Names: Female Authors, Sensation
    MARKETING “PROPER” NAMES: FEMALE AUTHORS, SENSATION DISCOURSE, AND THE MID-VICTORIAN LITERARY PROFESSION By Heather Freeman Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Vanderbilt University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in English August, 2013 Nashville, Tennessee Approved: Carolyn Dever Jay Clayton Rachel Teukolsky James Epstein Copyright © 2013 by Heather Freeman All Rights Reserved For Sean, with gratitude for your love and unrelenting support iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This dissertation would not have been possible without the influence, patience, and feedback of a number of people, but I owe a particular debt to my committee, Professors Carolyn Dever, Jay Clayton, Rachel Teukolsky, and Jim Epstein. Their insightful questions and comments not only strengthened this project but also influenced my development as a writer and a critic over the last five years. As scholars and teachers, they taught me how to be engaged and passionate in the archive and in the classroom as well. My debt to Carolyn Dever, who graciously acted as my Director, is, if anything, compound. I cannot fully express my gratitude for her warmth, patience, incisive criticism, and unceasing willingness to read drafts, even when she didn’t really have the time. The administrative women of the English Department provided extraordinary but crucial support and encouragement throughout my career at Vanderbilt. Particular thanks go to Janis May and Sara Corbitt, and to Donna Caplan, who has provided a friendly advice, a listening ear, and much-needed perspective since the beginning. I also owe a great deal of thanks to my colleagues in the graduate program at Vanderbilt.
    [Show full text]
  • Tekplan8 8000
    South African Heritage Resources Agency P.O. Box 4637 Cape Town TEKPLAN8 8000 Tel: 015 2914177 Fax: 086 218 3261 ATIENTION: Mr. Phillip Hine [email protected] Our ref.: TE1A259 22 May 2012 APPLICATION FOR AUTHORIZATION IN TERMS OF SECTION 24(5) OFTHE NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACT,1998 (ACT 107 OF 1998) PROJECT: PROPOSED PLANNING AND LAYOUT OF 312 ADDITIONAL ERVEN AT BALLOON VILLAGE, MARULENG LOCAL MUNICIPALITY, MOPANI DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY, LIMPOPO PROVINCE 1. As an Interested and Affected Party, notice is hereby given, that the Department of Local Government and Housing (Limpopo) is applying for Environmental Authorisation in terms of the Natkmal Environmental ManagementAet, 1998 (AetNo. 107 of 1998) from the Limpopo Department of Economic Development. Environment and Tourism (DEDET)forthefolowing activity: Project name: Balloon Demarcation Project Project description: The project consists of the proposed planning and layout of approximately 312 additional residential erven. The size of the affected area measures approximately 28 ha in extent. Project location: The proposed site is located northeast of the existing Balloon village on the Remainder and Portion 27 of the farm Lofdal42 KT, Maruleng Local Municipality, Mopani District Municipality area (co-ordinates: 240 11' 00,6"5 30 0 23'12,1"E). 2. The project has been registered with the Limpopo Department of Economic Development, Environment and Tourism (DEDET) under ref nr. 12/119/2-M9 3. Please find attached a copy of Heritage Impact Assessment Report for your comment. 4. It is respectfully requested that should you have any comments on the attached Report, it must be forwarded to the undersigned as well as the Department of Economic Development, Environment and Tourism (DEDET) no later than 40 days from the date of this letter (2 July 2012).
    [Show full text]