Exploring Remotest Asia Wilder Wohns Rose Book-Collecting Prize Entry
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*Use the Notes to Answer the Questions. Asia: •The Vast Continent of Asia Has Many Different Mountain, Desert, and Water Features
*Use the notes to answer the questions. Asia: •The vast continent of Asia has many different mountain, desert, and water features. •Icy mountain ranges are located in the north, while steamy rainforests lie in the south. •A large part of Asia is desert, yet much of southern and eastern Asia receives massive amounts of rain each year. •These features impact trade and affect where people live. IMPACT OF MOUNTAINS: Himalayas: •The Himalayas are a mountain range with some of the tallest peaks in the entire world. •They have a significant impact on life in southwest China and northwest India. •Hydroelectric power plants have been built on glaciers throughout the Himalayas continued: •India is separated from the rest of Asia on three sides by mountain ranges. •On India’s side of the Himalayas, the high mountains trap rain clouds, so rainforests and grasslands can be found. •The Chinese side of the icy Himalayas receives very little rainfall and the population is much lower here. Tibetan Plateau: •The Tibetan Plateau covers the majority of western China and is the world’s highest plateau at 14,800 feet above sea level. •Because of the region’s extremely high elevations, it has been nicknamed “the roof of the world”. •Many of Asia’s major rivers begin in the Tibetan Plateau, and are fed by more than 30,000 glaciers that are located here. •In this region, summers are very short and winters are long and extremely cold. •During the few warmer months, farmers are able to let livestock graze in the region’s grasslands. -
Contribution of British Rule in Kashmir
[VOLUME 6 I ISSUE 2 I APRIL – JUNE 2019] e ISSN 2348 –1269, Print ISSN 2349-5138 http://ijrar.com/ Cosmos Impact Factor 4.236 Contribution of British Rule in Kashmir 1Mubarik Ahmad Itoo & 2M. C. Dubey & 3 Subzar Ahmad Bhat 1Research Scholar 2Assistant Prof. Department of History, Mewar University, Rajasthan. 3Research Scholor 1Mewar University, Chittorgarh, Rajasthan. Received: February 18, 2019 Accepted: March 21, 2019 ABSTRACT: There is a common perception that British rule resulted in poverty, de industrialization etc in India. But as for as princely state of Jammu and Kashmir is concerned the British intervention resulted in positive outcomes. The British intervention resulted in modernization of various fields of Jammu and Kashmir. The introduction of modern education, land settlements ,modern health care, transportation etc. where the outcomes of British intervention. This paper highlights that British intervention resulted in modernization of Jammu and Kashmir not only in short run but in long run. Key Words: INTRODUCTION Once British became absolute political power in the Indian sub-continent, there policy towards princely states remained of two type’s i.e., direct and indirect policy. Direct policy was promoted towards the states which were directly ruled by British through their governors and indirect policy was conceded towards the states, ruled indirectly by British through their residents. The preference to bring a state under direct or indirect policy was mostly determined by state’s geography and economic resources. British annexed Punjab in 1846 and Kashmir being part of Lahore Darbar also came under the suzerainty of British. But at that time fate of Kashmir was determined by the need of time when British found sale of Kashmir inevitable because Punjab was yet to consolidate and North-West Frontier and Afghanistan unsettled. -
Claiming Territory: Colonial State Space and the Making of British India’S North-West Frontier
CLAIMING TERRITORY: COLONIAL STATE SPACE AND THE MAKING OF BRITISH INDIA’S NORTH-WEST FRONTIER A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science by Jason G. Cons January 2005 © 2005 Jason G. Cons ABSTRACT In this thesis, I examine the discursive construction of colonial state space in the context of British India’s turn of the century North-West Frontier. My central argument is that notions of a uniform state space posited in official theorizations of the frontier need to be reexamined not as evidence of a particular kind of rule, but rather as a claim to having accomplished it. Drawing on new colonial historiographies that suggest ways of reading archives and archival documents for their silences and on historical sociological understandings of state-formation, I offer close readings of three different kinds of documents: writing about the North-West Frontier by members of the colonial administration, annual general reports of the Survey of India, and narratives written by colonial frontier officers detailing their time and experience of “making” the frontier. I begin by looking at the writings of George Nathanial Curzon and others attempting to theorize the concept of frontiers in turn of the century political discourse. Framed against the backdrop of the “Great Game” for empire with Russia and the progressive territorial consolidation of colonial frontiers into borders in the late 19th century, these arguments constitute what I call a “colonial theory of frontiers.” This theory simultaneously naturalizes colonial space and presents borders as the inevitable result of colonial expansion. -
Nuclear Deterrence and Conventional Conflict
VIEW Sticks and Stones Nuclear Deterrence and Conventional Conflict DR. KATHRYN M.G. BOEHLEFELD n the night of 15 June 2020, Sino- Indian tensions flared into fighting along the disputed border in the region known as the Galwan Valley. The fighting led to the first casualties along the border in 45 years. However, Ono one on either side fired a single shot.1 Instead, soldiers threw rocks and used wooden clubs wrapped in barbed wire to attack one another. Two of the most powerful armies in the world, both of which possess nuclear weapons, clashed with one another using sticks and stones. Nuclear weapons prevent nuclear states from engaging in large-scale conven- tional war with one another, or at least, the existence of such advanced weapons has correlated with a significant decrease in conventional war between nuclear- armed adversaries over the past 80 years. Nuclear weapons tend to make nuclear adversaries wearier of engaging in conventional warfare with one another because they fear inadvertent escalation: that a war will spiral out of control and end in a nuclear exchange even if the war’s aims were originally fairly limited. However, this fear has not fully prevented the Chinese and Indian militaries from engaging in skirmishes, like the one that occurred in June 2020. Where does escalation to- ward nuclear war start, and what does this conflict teach both us and major world players about the dangers and opportunities associated with low levels of conflict between nuclear powers? Escalation to nuclear use may occur as a deliberate and premeditated choice or inadvertently as the result of a security dilemma, the offensive nature of militaries, and/or due to the fog of war.2 This article argues that the Sino- Indian border dispute demonstrates that the drivers of inadvertent escalation may be present even at exceptionally low levels of conflict. -
A Woman's Life for Kashmir : Irene Petrie, a Biography
(J BV Carus-Wilson, Ashley Kashmir 3280 A woman s life for K38C3 1901 A WOMAN S LIFE FOR KASHMIR Irene Petrie A BIOGRAPHY By Mrs. Ashley Car\is-Wilson, B.A. "WitK an Introduction By ROBERT E. SPEER WitH Portraits Map and Illustrations CHicago New TforK Toronto FLEMING H. REVELL COMPANY 19O1 THE CAXTON PRESS NEW YORK. \ \<\o\ C IRENE PETRIE TO MY CHILDREN MARTIN MACDOWALL, LOUIS CHARLES, AND ELEANORA MARY Introduction great missionary biographies are the records THEof incompleted lives. May it not be that the influence exerted by the record is the completion of the work that seemed to be prematurely laid down ? David Brainerd died at the age of thirty, Henry Martyn at thirty-two, Keith Falconer at thirty-one, Mackay at forty-one,, There are biographies of older men, Livingstone, Judson, Patteson, French, which have powerfully affected men, but a disproportionate number of the effective books have dealt with short lives. This life of Irene Petrie is another illustration of this fact. She spent four years in missionary service, and died at the very beginning of her work. It was one more incompleted life awaiting fulfilment in the lives of men and women who will take up the work which she loved and served, through the holy persuasion of her example and spirit. Irene Petrie was one of the first representatives of the missionary movement among students to fall in the forefront of foreign missions. The call came to her in 1891, -and in 1893 she sailed for India. In 1897 she passed away at Leh in the Himalayas. -
Inaugural British Narration
! ! ! The American University! in Cairo School of Global Affairs! and Public Policy ! ! ! Resurrecting Eden: Inaugural British Narration! and Policy of Iraq ! ! ! A Thesis Submitted to the Middle East! Studies Center ! in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (M.A.)! in Middle East Studies ! ! ! by Timothy! Kennett ! ! ! under the supervision !of Dr. Walid Kazziha ! ! ! May !2015 ! ! © Copyright by Timothy Kennett 2015 All rights reserved ! The American University! in Cairo School of Global Affairs !& Public Policy (GAPP) Resurrecting Eden: ! Inaugural British Narration and Policy of Iraq ! A Thesis Submitted! by Timothy !Kennett ! to the Middle East! Studies Center May, !2015 In partial fulfillment of the requirements for The degree of Master of Arts in Middle East! Studies ! has been approved! by Dr. Walid Kazziha ____________________________________________________ Thesis Supervisor !Affiliation __________________________________________Date ____________ Dr. Sherene Seikaly ___________________________________________________ Thesis first Reader !Affiliation __________________________________________Date ____________ Dr. Marco Pinfari _____________________________________________________ Thesis Second Reader !Affiliation __________________________________________Date ____________ Dr. Sandrine Gamblin _________________________________________________ Department Chair !Date ____________________ Nabil Fahmy, Ambassador _______________________________________________ Dean of GAPP Date ____________________ -
The New Europe Group and New Britain Movement (1931–1935)
Pioneers of European Federalism: the New Europe Group and New Britain Movement (1931–1935) By: David Graham Page A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy The University of Sheffield Faculty of Arts and Humanities Department of History October 2016 ABSTRACT This thesis is the first in-depth study of the early 1930s Bloomsbury-based New Europe Group (NEG) and New Britain Movement (NBM), which constituted a politicised social movement led by Dimitrije Mitrinović. The Introduction situates the NEG/NBM as the British manifestation of the nouvelles relèves , the northwest European cluster of extra-parliamentary political groups that were neither plainly left-wing nor right-wing, but rather were infused with a spiritually based ideology influenced by the Personalist philosopher Emmanuel Mounier. Chapter 1 scrutinises the NEG/NBM as an antisystem challenger to the National Government, and analyses the movement’s ‘political perfectionist’ antisystemness in the context of the syncretic turn in British extra- parliamentary politics. Chapter 2 discusses the dynamics of the NEG/NBM, including its ‘prefigurative politics’ and Mitrinović’s use of ‘strategic ambiguity.’ Chapter 3 contextualises the European federalist thought of Mitrinović and other prominent figures in the NEG/NBM, and examines their understanding of the ‘European civil war’ and perception of the European and world ‘crisis.’ Chapter 4 begins with a comparative analysis of the proposals for European unity advanced by Richard Nikolaus von Coudenhove-Kalergi, Aristide Briand, and Mitrinović and the NEG/NBM. The chapter then details the lines of reasoning the NEG/NBM used to make a case for Eurofederalism, and explains the movement’s proposals for European governance and federal institutions. -
Karakorum Himalaya: Sourcebook for a Protected Area
7 Karakorum Himalaya: Sourcebook for a Protected Area Nigel J. R. Allan 8 The views expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of IUCN. IUCN-The World Conservation Union, Pakistan 1 Bath Island Road, Karachi 75530 © 1995 by IUCN-The World Conservation Union, Pakistan All rights reserved ISBN 969-8141-13-8 Contents Preface v Introduction 1 1 HISTORY Natural Heritage 11 Geology 11 Glaciology 14 Associative Cultural Landscape 17 Local Ideas and Beliefs about Mountains 17 Culturally Specific Communication Networks 20 2 DESCRIPTION AND INVENTORY Physiography and Climate 23 Flora 24 Fauna 25 Juridical and Management Qualities 29 3 PHOTOGRAPHIC AND CARTOGRAPHIC DOCUMENTATION Historial Photographs 33 Large Format Books 33 Landscape Paintings 33 Maps and Nomenclature 34 4 PUBLIC AWARENESS Records of Expeditions 37 World Literature and History 43 Tourism 52 Scientific and Census Reports 56 Guidebooks 66 International Conflict 66 5 RELATED BIBLIOGRAPHIC MATERIALS 69 Author Index 71 Place Index 81 iii iv4 5 Preface This sourcebook for a protected area has its origins in a lecture I gave at the Environment and Policy Institute of the East-West Center in Honolulu in 1987. The lecture was about my seasons of field work in the Karakorum Himalaya. Norton Ginsberg, the director of the Institute, alerted me to the fact that the Encyclopedia Britannica would be revising their entries on Asian mountains shortly and suggested that I update the Karakorum entry. The eventual publication of that entry under my name (Allan 1992), however, omitted most of the literature references I had accumulated. As my reference list continued to expand I decided to order them in some coherent fashion and publish them as a sourcebook to coincide with the IUCN workshop on mountain protected areas in Skardu in September 1994. -
Southeast Asia.Pdf
Standards SS7G9 The student will locate selected features in Southern and Eastern Asia. a. Locate on a world and regional political-physical map: Ganges River, Huang He (Yellow River), Indus River, Mekong River, Yangtze (Chang Jiang) River, Bay of Bengal, Indian Ocean, Sea of Japan, South China Sea, Yellow Sea, Gobi Desert, Taklimakan Desert, Himalayan Mountains, and Korean Peninsula. b. Locate on a world and regional political-physical map the countries of China, India, Indonesia, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, and Vietnam. Directions: Label the following countries on the political map of Asia. • China • North Korea • India • South Korea • Indonesia • Vietnam • Japan Directions: I. Draw and label the physical features listed below on the map of Asia. • Ganges River • Mekong River • Huang He (Yellow River) • Yangtze River • Indus River • Himalayan Mountains • Taklimakan Desert • Gobi Desert II. Label the following physical features on the map of Asia. • Bay of Bengal • Yellow Sea • Color the rivers DARK BLUE. • Color all other bodies of water LIGHT • Indian Ocean BLUE (or TEAL). • Sea of Japan • Color the deserts BROWN. • Korean Peninsula • Draw triangles for mountains and color • South China Sea them GREEN. • Color the peninsula RED. Directions: I. Draw and label the physical features listed below on the map of Asia. • Ganges River • Mekong River • Huang He (Yellow River) • Yangtze River • Indus River • Himalayan Mountains • Taklimakan Desert • Gobi Desert II. Label the following physical features on the map of Asia. • Bay of Bengal • Yellow Sea • Indian Ocean • Sea of Japan • Korean Peninsula • South China Sea • The Ganges River starts in the Himalayas and flows southeast through India and Bangladesh for more than 1,500 miles to the Indian Ocean. -
State of the World's Minorities and Indigenous
Reference 220 Reference State of the World’s Minorities and Indigenous Peoples 2014 International International International International Convention Convention Covenant Covenant on on the on the on Civil and Economic, Prevention and Elimination Political Rights Social and Punishment of All Forms 1966 Cultural of the Crime of Racial Rights 1966 of Genocide Discrimination 1948 1965 Status of Africa Algeria p pu p1 p ratification Angola P p1 p of major Benin p p1 p international Botswana p p and regional Burkina Faso p p p1 p Burundi p p p p instruments Cameroon p p1 p relevant to Cape Verde p p p1 p minority and Central African Republic p p1 p indigenous Chad p p1 p Comoros p p P P rights Congo p p1 p as of 1 May 2014 Côte d’Ivoire p p p1 p p p p1 p p Ratification, accession Democratic Republic of the Congo or succession. Djibouti p p1 p P Signature not yet Egypt p p p p followed by ratification. Equatorial Guinea p p1 p Eritrea p p p pu Ratification of Ethiopia p p p p ICERD and Declaration p p p p on Article 14. Gabon p p p1 p p1 Ratification of Gambia ICCPR and Optional Ghana p p p1 p Protocol. Guinea p p p1 p p! Ratification of Guinea-Bissau p p p1 p ICCPR and Signature of Kenya p p p Optional Protocol. Lesotho p p p1 p P! Signature of ICCPR p p p! p and Optional Protocol. Liberia Libya p p p1 p Madagascar p p1 p Malawi p p1 p Mali p p p1 p Mauritania p p p Mauritius p p1 p Morocco p pu p p Mozambique p p p Namibia p p p1 p Niger p p1 p 222 Reference State of the World’s Minorities and Indigenous Peoples 2014 Convention Convention -
The Education of Maharajah Kumar Sidkeon Namgyal
BULLETIN OF TIBETOLOGY 27 'THA T HE MA Y TAKE DUE PRlDE IN THE EMPIRE TO WHICH HE BELONGS': THE EDUCATION OF MAHARAJAH KUMAR SlDKEON NAMGY AL TULKU OF SIKKIM ALEXMcKAy University College London In 1879, the first wife of the 9th Maharajah of Sikkim, Thutob Namgyal, gave birth to their second son, Sidkeon Namgyal, following the birth of a daughter in 1876 and their first son, Tsodag Namgyal, in 1878. The Maharani died in childbirth in 1880, I and the years that followed were difficult ones for the Maharajah, as the interests of Sikkim clashed with those of the British Indian empire. Following the conflict of 1888, a British Political Officer was appointed to oversee the administration of Sikkim. The officer selected, John Claude White (1853-1918), was a mean, petty and domineering individual who, during the following two decades in which he dominated the state of Sikkim, carried 011 a long vendetta against both the Maharajah and his son Tsodag Namgyal. John Claude White's successors in the Gangtok Residency included some of the outstanding frontier officers of the British empire, men such as Lieutenant-Colonel F.M. Bailey (1882- 1967) and Lieutenant-Colonel Sir W.F. O'Connor (1870-1943), as well as f()f\vard-thinking and culturally sensitive diplomats such as Sir Charles Bell (1870-1945) and Sir Basil Gould (1883-1956). White, however, who came from the Public Works Department rather than the usual military or ICS background required of Political Officers, was the worst type of colonial official, lacking the background, training, and character that produced his successors. -
Iranian Young Scientist to Receive Grant
Art & Culture JUNE 24, 2015 3 This Day in History Iranian Young Scientist to (June 24) Today is Wednesday; 3rd of the Iranian month of Tir 1394 solar hijri; corresponding to 7th of the Islamic month of Ramadhan 1436 lunar hijri; and June 24, 2015, of the Christian Gregorian Calendar. 1437 lunar years ago, on this day in the second year prior to Hijra, Abu-Taleb, the father of Imam Receive grant Ali (AS) and the uncle and protector of Prophet Mohammad (SAWA), passed away in Mecca. On the death of his father Abdul-Muttaleb, he and his wife, Fatema bint Asad, had taken charge of the PARIS ( IRNA) – Iranian young scientist Dr. Mehdi Mohammadi was selected to receive the support of the Green 8-year orphan of Abdullah, his deceased brother, and brought up the future Prophet as their own son. Abu Taleb was a staunch monotheist following the creed of his ancestor, Prophet Abraham, and Chemistry for Life project. when God formally appointed his now 40-year old nephew as the Last and Greatest Messenger to The award was created by UNESCO, PhosAgro and the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry mankind, he firmly believed in the message of Islam and protected the Prophet against the taunts and attacks of the pagan Arabs. When the Meccans imposed the social-economic boycott on the Prophet, (IUPAC) to promote the sustainable use and design of chemicals and chemical processes. he took his nephew and the whole neo Muslim community under his protection to the safety of the Some 119 Applicants were evaluated by an international scientific jury composed of renowned scientists repre- gorge outside Mecca which is still called “She’b Abi Taleb” in his honour.