Art & Culture JUNE 24, 2015 3 This Day in History Iranian Young Scientist to (June 24) Today is Wednesday; 3rd of the Iranian month of Tir 1394 solar hijri; corresponding to 7th of the Islamic month of Ramadhan 1436 lunar hijri; and June 24, 2015, of the Christian Gregorian Calendar. 1437 lunar years ago, on this day in the second year prior to Hijra, Abu-Taleb, the father of Imam Receive grant Ali (AS) and the uncle and protector of Prophet Mohammad (SAWA), passed away in Mecca. On the death of his father Abdul-Muttaleb, he and his wife, Fatema bint Asad, had taken charge of the PARIS ( IRNA) – Iranian young scientist Dr. Mehdi Mohammadi was selected to receive the support of the Green 8-year orphan of Abdullah, his deceased brother, and brought up the future Prophet as their own son. Abu Taleb was a staunch monotheist following the creed of his ancestor, Prophet Abraham, and Chemistry for Life project. when God formally appointed his now 40-year old nephew as the Last and Greatest Messenger to The award was created by UNESCO, PhosAgro and the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry mankind, he firmly believed in the message of Islam and protected the Prophet against the taunts and attacks of the pagan Arabs. When the Meccans imposed the social-economic boycott on the Prophet, (IUPAC) to promote the sustainable use and design of chemicals and chemical processes. he took his nephew and the whole neo Muslim community under his protection to the safety of the Some 119 Applicants were evaluated by an international scientific jury composed of renowned scientists repre- gorge outside Mecca which is still called “She’b Abi Taleb” in his honour. His death saddened the senting leading international, regional and national chemical institutions. Prophet and since earlier in the same year, the Prophet’s loyal wife, the Mother of all True Believers (Omm al-Momineen) Hazrat Khadija also passed away, the year is known in Islamic history as “Aam The grant program aims to mobilize young minds to contribute to sustainable development through innovative al-Hozn” (Year of Grief). research projects in green chemistry that respect the 12 principles of green chemistry. These may reduce the pro- 1212 lunar years ago, on this day in 224 AH Ibrahim bin Mahdi, stepbrother of the Abbasid tyrant Haroun Rashid, died at the age of 62 in Baghdad. Born of an African concubine and known as Ibn duction and use of hazardous substances and lead to energy savings and a better environment and health. Shakla because of his dark complexion, he was proclaimed as caliph in Baghdad in 201 AH by the Green Chemistry for Life research grants are awarded to six innovative research projects every year. Abbasids in protest to the seemingly pro-Hashemite policies of the reigning caliph, his nephew Ma- The 2015 Green Chemistry for Life research grant was awarded to Dr. Mohammadi for his research project on moun, in declaring the Prophet’s 8th Infallible Heir, Imam Reza (AS) as Heir Apparent of the realm. Two years later in 203 AH, with the crafty Mamoun’s return to Baghdad after martyring Imam Reza enzymatic production of biodiesel from waste oil by using two lipases covalently immobilized on magnetic silica through poisoning in Tous, he resigned and spent the rest of his life as a singer and a musician. Ibn Dr. Mehdi Mohammadi nanocomposite; the use of green isocyanide-based multicomponent reaction for enzyme immobilization. Shakla reportedly had a phenomenal vocal range. 1075 lunar years ago, on this day in 361 AH, the grand al-Azhar Mosque and Madrasah was officially opened for prayer by Jowhar as-Saqali, the Sicilian general of the Fatemid Ismaili Shi’ite dynasty who completed the grand project three years after conquering Egypt and establishing the Iran, Italy Universities Head of Moscow Int’l Book city of Cairo, as the new capital of the Empire that now stretched from the Red Sea to the Atlantic Ocean.”al-Azhar” is a derivative of “az-Zahra” (the Radiant), the famous epithet of Hazrat Fatema Sign MoU Fair Due in Iran Soon (SA) the daughter of Prophet Mohammad (SAWA) in whose honour the mosque and the religious school were built. The Fatemids restored the full form of the Azaan or call for the daily prayers, TEHRAN (ISNA)- Iran’s Shi- dent of Turin University Sergio TEHRAN (Tasnim) – The head However, he said, the Russians from the minarets of al-Azhar and other mosques, by bearing testimony to the imamate of Imam Ali raz Medical Sciences University Bortolani would be responsible of Moscow International Book Fair were willing to make the trip sooner (AS) after the Prophethood of Prophet Mohammad (SAWA). The phrase “hayya ala khayr il-amal”, meaning “hasten to the best of deeds”, which was dropped from the Azaan by the second caliph, and Italian University of Turin for implementing the MoU. (MIBF) plans to pay an official visit than July 5. was also revived. Exactly, a year later on this same date in 362 AH, the Fatemid caliph, al-Mu’iz signed a Memorandum of Un- Lecturers of the two universities to the Iranian capital of Tehran in According to Shahramnia, Iran le-Dinillah arrived in his new capital Cairo, from Mahdia in what is now Tunisia, the then capital derstanding (MoU) to expand can express their readiness for the coming days as part of efforts to has been selected as the guest of of the Fatemid state. cooperation in science and re- cooperation in different fields. boost cultural relations between the honor at the 28th Moscow Interna- 925 lunar years ago, on this day in 511 AH, the famous Imami theologian, Seyyed Abu’l-Ma- search for five years. Italian Turin University pro- two countries. tional Book Fair due to be held from karem Ibn Zuhra, was born in Aleppo, Syria. He studied in Najaf in Iraq under prominent students of The two sides would ex- vides medicals and non-med- Head of Iran Cultural Fairs In- September 2 to 7. the famous scholar Abu Ja’far Shaykh at-Tayefa Tousi, and on return to Syria groomed several schol- change students and profes- ical majors, and is also work- stitute (ICFI) Amir Masoud Shah- The Moscow International Book ars. He has left behind several books including “al-Ghunyah” on fiqh. He passed away in 585 AH. 785 solar years ago, on this day in 1230 AD, the siege of the Muslim province of Jayyan in south- sors and conduct joint research ing on treating cancers, organ ramnia said on Monday that the Fair (MIBF) was established in ern Spain was started by Christian mercenaries from various parts of Europe. Four months later the projects. transplant and health poli- Moscow book fair’s director was 1977 and is an official member of Spanish Muslims defenders forced the Christians to retreat. Earlier the traitor, Abdullah al-Bayasi Head of Health Policy-Mak- cy-making. previously planned to visit Iran on the International Organization of had joined the Christian aggressors against fellow Muslims, but failed to break the resolve of the ing Research Center Kamran Based on the MoU, the univer- July 5 or 6 to hold talks on Iran’s Book Publishers. At the 28th MIBF defenders. Bagheri-Lankarani from Shiraz sities can exchange six students participation as the guest of honor which is slated for September 2015, 701 solar years ago, on this day in 1314 AD, the Battle of Bannockburn during the First War of University and Deputy Presi- and two professors every year. in the upcoming book fair in Mos- the Cultural Fairs Institute (ICFI) Scottish Independence against English hegemony, concluded with a decisive victory by Scottish forces led by Robert the Bruce. In 1328, after 14 years of struggle, England forced to recognize cow. will represent Iran. Scottish independence by signing the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton. 617 solar years ago, on this day in 1398 AD, Founder of the Ming Dynasty of China, the Hongwu Ancient Emperor, died at the age of 70 after a reign of 30 years. Born in a peasant family and named Zhu Iran to Honor Swedish Geographer Yuanzhang, he liberated China from the rule of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty, and transformed it into a major power. Although born a Buddhist, he embraced the Confucian doctrine, and showed inclina- Shahnameh in Sven Hedin tion towards Islam. He ordered the construction of several mosques in Nanjing, Yunnan, Guangdong, Xijing and Fujian, and had inscriptions praising Prophet Mohammad (SAWA) placed in them. He Serbian Library TEHRAN (Press TV) - Iran is set to hold a ceremony in Sven Hedin spent almost 20 years on the Asian soil, car- rebuilt the Jinjue Mosque in his capital Nanjing, and large numbers of the Muslim Hui people moved commemoration of Swedish geographer and explorer Sven rying out or leading expeditions into different regions of to the city during his rule. He had some ten Muslim generals in his military, including Chang Yuchun, BELGRADE (CHN) - A private Hedin. the continent. Lan Yu, Ding Dexing, Mu Ying, Feng Sheng and Hu Dahai. He personally wrote a 100-word praise Serbian library ‘Adligat’ has a (baizizan) on Islam, Allah and the Prophet Mohammad (SAWA). Iran’ cultural attaché in Stockholm announced the news Although Hedin never held any official or academic po- 92-year-old copy of the Shahnameh 492 lunar years ago, on this day in 944 AH, one of the renowned historians and poets, Seyyed in a meeting with head of the Sven Hedin Foundation sition. He was considered an expert on Iran by the mid- Nizam od-Din Mohammad M’asoum Safai Tirmizi, who wrote under the penname “Naami”, was in Persian, published in 1923 in born in India. His ancestors were from Qandahar in Afghanistan. He and his father served the Sultans Germany. HakanWahlquist. 1880s. of Gujarat in western India. He has left behind valuable books, such as “Tibb-e Naami” on medicine. The Shahnameh, (Book of “Iran’s cultural attaché office in Sweden has tried to He climbed and closely studied Mount Damavand, and He passed away in 1019 AH. Kings) is a long epic poem written boost cultural cooperation between the two countries in mapped the great basins of Iran’s eastern areas with all 476 lunar years ago, on this day in 960 AH, Ottoman admiral Turgut Raees took control of the by the Persian poet Ferdowsi be- recent years and is therefore planning to hold a commem- their salt lakes and deserts. Mediterranean island of Corsica and the city of Catania in Malta, to free some seven thousand Mus- tween 977 and 1010 CE and is the lim captives. He gave Corsica to the French, who soon lost it to the Spanish. oration ceremony to honor the 150th birth anniversary Hedin’s scientific and financial estate was bequeathed 253 solar years ago, on this day in 1762 AD, the British deceitfully seized Patna in Bihar, but the national epic of Iran. of the Swedish geographer Sven Hedin in Iran,” said to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in the name The library started operation in next day Mir Qassim Ali Khan the Nawab-Nazem of Bengal defeated them to retake the city. The Amir-Mohammad Haji-Yousefi during the meeting. of the Sven Hedin Foundation. British soon conspired to replace Qassim Ali Khan with his father-in-law, Mir Ja’far Ali Khan, whom 1690 with merely 10 volumes, they had installed as Nawab-Nazem a few years earlier after he had betrayed Siraj od-Dowla, the last said Viktor Lazic, owner of Ad- Haji-Yousefia dded that the ceremony is scheduled to be The estate is administered by the National Museum independent ruler of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa, at the Battle of Plassey in 1757. ligat in a meeting with Mahmood held in October 2015. He also announced plans for a two- of Ethnography in Stockholm, which, together with the 203 solar years ago, on this day in 1812 AD French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte with a huge Shalooei, Iranian cultural attaché day cultural event in Sweden to introduce the locations city’s Museum of Natural History houses most of his eth- 350,000 army crossed the Neman River to begin the invasion of Russia, in violation of the non-ag- gression pact signed by the two sides five years ago. Napoleon advanced till Moscow, but the freez- to Serbia, Mehr news agency re- visited by Hedin during his visits to Iran early next year. nographic, archeological and natural science collections. ing cold of Russia, coupled with delay in the arrival of food and ammunitions for French soldiers ported. grounded his army and finally forced him to retreat, during which Russian forces raided and killed The library is located at Vojvo- many French soldiers. The defeat of Napoleon in Russia marked the beginning of the collapse of dina, a northern state in Serbia. Napoleon’s empire. Lazic noted that cultural enthusi- 203 solar years ago, on this day in 1812 AD, Caracas, which is now the capital of Venezuela, was asts developed the library and now taken by South American freedom-fighter Simon Bolivar after crushing the Spanish colonialists. after 325 years, it has over half a Bolivar as president set up the Greater Columbia Federation, which included Venezuela, Columbia, Panama, Bolivia and Ecuador. After him the federation collapsed. million books on culture and liter- 177 solar years ago, on this day in 1838 AD, the indecisiveness of Mohammad Shah Qajar, cou- ature, besides documents. pled with treason among his ministers, who were bribed by the British, resulted in the failure of the Shahnameh was added to the Iranian army to liberate Herat, the capital of Khorasan, from Afghan occupation. The siege of the rich treasury of Persian literature city began in November 1837 and Herat could well have been liberated in view of the superiority of at Adligat in 1923, attracting more the Iranian army, which became the victim of British-Russian intrigues as part of the Great Game of enthusiasts, he added. the two superpowers in Central Asia. While the Britain viewed a resurgent Iran as threat to its vested Viktor Lazic is one of Serbia’s interests in the Subcontinent and banned the teaching of Persian language in India in late 1837, Yar Mohammad the Pashto chieftain in occupation of Herat, unleashed a reign of terror on the local well-known modern travel writ- population, ruthless confiscating supplies and money and brutally crushing even the slightest hint ers. of a pro-Persian movement among the citizens. He savagely decapitated Iranian prisoners of wars He is a lawyer, journalist, PhD and sympathizers and gruesomely displayed their heads on the ramparts. The Afghan occupiers were student of Chinese law, autho- assisted by the prominent Anglo-Indian mercenary, Eldred Pottinger, whose military skills, coupled rized translator, ambassador of the with British threats to attack Iran, thwarted Mohammad Shah’s attempts to enter Herat after the Irani- Serbian Bibliophilic Society, and an army had breached its walls. Iran made one last attempt to liberate Herat from Afghan occupation in 1856-57, but was again defeat because of British meddling. an associate of the Geographical 156 solar years ago, on this day in 1859 AD, the Battle of Solferino broke out between Austria Institute ‘Jovan Cvijic’ of Serbi- and the allied French and Sardinian armies, resulting in the defeat of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, an Academy of Science and Arts thereby setting the stage for unity of Italy, in the face of Austrian opposition. (2009-2011), philatelist and nu- 20 solar years ago, on this day in 1995 AD, Professor Seyyed Mosleh Mahdavi Isfahani, passed mismatist. He is also a member of away at the age of 79 in his hometown Isfahan, after over half-a-century of research and publication of the Association of Writers of Ser- books, especially on biographies of leading scholars of the School of Prophet Mohammad’s (SAWA) bia. He evinced interest in visiting Ahl al-Bayt. Born in a scholarly family, he studied both religious and modern sciences, and diligently researched hadith, having the privilege to obtain permission of narration from such prominent figures, Persian libraries, in particular the as Ayatollah Aqa Bozorg-e Tehran, Ayatollah Seyyed Shahab od-Din Mar’ashi Najafi, Ayatollah Mo- Mar’ashi Najafi library in Qom, hammad Ali Araki, and Ayatollah Seyyed Mostafa Safai Khwansari. Among his works, mentioned the third largest in Iran, after the could be made of the 2-volume book on the “Life of Allamah Majlisi”, “al-Mafakher” in two volumes, Central Library of Astan Quds Ra- “Intellectuals of Isfahan”, and “Religious Teachings for High School Students” in 5 volumes. zavi in Mashhad and the Library 11 solar years ago, on this day in 2004 AD, Iranian master painter, Abbas Jalali Sowsanabadi, of Parliament. It is also the world’s passed away at the age of 70. In his youth, he studied under the modern day master miniaturist, Hus- third largest Islamic library, with sain Behzad, and later under Abu Taleb Moqimi, and Altafi, before emerging as innovator of a unique It is Ramadan and all over Iran public sessions are held to recite, contemplate style of painting himself. He believed that art and painting are not separate from poetry and literature. more than 250,000 books, includ- and discuss the subjects of the Holy Quran. (Courtesy: IRIB English Radio – http://english.irib.ir) ing 25,000 available online. Courtesy: MNA