Wu-Xing Spiral
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Akasha (Space) and Shabda (Sound): Vedic and Acoustical Perspectives
1 Akasha (Space) and Shabda (Sound): Vedic and Acoustical perspectives M.G. Prasad Department of Mechanical Engineering Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken, New Jersey [email protected] Abstract A sequential ordering of five elements on their decreasing subtlety, namely space, air fire, water and earth is stated by Narayanopanishat in Atharva Veda. This statement is examined from an acoustical point of view. The space as an element (bhuta) is qualified by sound as its descriptor (tanmatra). The relation between space and sound and their subtle nature in reference to senses of perception will be presented. The placement of space as the first element and sound as its only property will be discussed in a scientific perspective. Introduction The five elements and their properties are referred to in various places in the Vedic literature. An element is the substance (dravya) which has an associated property (of qualities) termed as guna. The substance-property (or dravya- guna) relationship is very important in dealing with human perception and its nature through the five senses. Several Upanishads and the darshana shastras have dealt with the topic of substance-property (see list of references at the end). The sequential ordering of the five elements is a fundamental issue when dealing with the role of five elements and their properties in the cosmological evolution of the universe. At the same time the order of the properties of elements is also fundamental issue when dealing with the perception of elements is also a through five senses. This paper focuses attention on the element-property (or dravya-guna) relation in reference to space as the element and sound as its property. -
I. Activities Relating to Ocean Science & Technology 1. POLAR
MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCES (PRITHVI VIGYAN MANTRALAYA) I. Activities relating to Ocean Science & Technology 1. POLAR SCIENCE: Questions relating to Planning, Coordination and launching of annual expeditions to Antarctica and Arctic, conducting and supporting research in the area of Polar Science, such as Establishment of Ice Core Laboratory, Antarctic and Treaty System. 2. OCEAN INFORMATION SERVICES: Questions relating to Generation and dissemination of advisory services such as Potential Fishing Zone Information, Ocean State Forecast, Web based services, tsunami and storm surge early warning system, Collection of multi-disciplinary data through various platforms like ocean platforms, data buoys, argo floats, tide gauges, current meters and providing the data/Data Products. 3. MARINE NON LIVING RESOURCES : Research & Development in respect of non-living resources in the seas around India including the Central Indian Ocean Basin viz., Polymetallic nodules, Gas hydrates, Cobalt crust etc.; using various research vessels like Sagar Sampada, Sagar Kanya etc. Extraction of metals from the nodules by development of Metallurgical plants. 4. MARINE LIVING RESEARCH: Conducting multi-disciplinary surveys and analysis of related parameters towards understanding the available living resources in the seas around India including Southern Ocean; identifying the potential compounds from the Marine biota for development of drugs. 5. OCEAN TECHNOLOGY: Development of various technologies (crawler, ROV for harnessing the resources of the seas viz., desalination of sea water, mining of non-living resources like polymetallic nodules, Gas hydrates and ocean platforms like data buoys, argo floats, tide gauges, current meters, etc. 6. COASTAL POLLUTION: Monitoring of various coastal pollution parameters on periodical intervals in the coastal waters of India for understanding the health of the coastal seas of India, using coastal research vessels like Sagar Purvi and Paschmi. -
The Qi Connection: a Study in Studying Qi
University of Northern Iowa UNI ScholarWorks Presidential Scholars Theses (1990 – 2006) Honors Program 2004 The Qi connection: A study in studying Qi Elizabeth Brooke Barrett University of Northern Iowa Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy Copyright ©2004 - Elizabeth Brooke Barrett Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uni.edu/pst Part of the Alternative and Complementary Medicine Commons Recommended Citation Barrett, Elizabeth Brooke, "The Qi connection: A study in studying Qi" (2004). Presidential Scholars Theses (1990 – 2006). 17. https://scholarworks.uni.edu/pst/17 This Open Access Presidential Scholars Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors Program at UNI ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Presidential Scholars Theses (1990 – 2006) by an authorized administrator of UNI ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Qi Connection: A Study in Studying Qi A Thesis in Completion ofa Presidential Scholarship By Elizabeth Brooke Barrett Thesis Advisor: Dr. Robert Seager Professor of Genetics and Evolution, Department of Biology University of Northern Iowa Presidential Scholar Class Advisor: Dr. Betty DeBerg Head, Department of Philosophy and Religion University of Northern Iowa ,, The concept of Qi (pronounced "chee") is a difficult one to understand, let alone study. It strikes most of us as amorphous at best. Traditional Chinese Medicine enthusiasts in the West translate the term as "life-energy". How much more broad could it be! Some try to make the term scientific, referring to Qi as "bio-electrical" or "bio-magnetic", but they succeed only in clouding the issue further. -
Yin-Yang, the Five Phases (Wu-Xing), and the Yijing 陰陽 / 五行 / 易經
Yin-yang, the Five Phases (wu-xing), and the Yijing 陰陽 / 五行 / 易經 In the Yijing, yang is represented by a solid line ( ) and yin by a broken line ( ); these are called the "Two Modes" (liang yi 兩義). The figure above depicts the yin-yang cycle mapped as a day. This can be divided into four stages, each corresponding to one of the "Four Images" (si xiang 四象) of the Yijing: 1. young yang (in this case midnight to 6 a.m.): unchanging yang 2. mature yang (6 a.m. to noon): changing yang 3. young yin (noon to 6 p.m.): unchanging yin 4. mature yin (6 p.m. to midnight): changing yin These four stages of changes in turn correspond to four of the Five Phases (wu xing), with the fifth one (earth) corresponding to the perfect balance of yin and yang: | yang | yin | | fire | water | Mature| |earth | | | wood | metal | Young | | | Combining the above two patterns yields the "generating cycle" (below left) of the Five Phases: Combining yin and yang in three-line diagrams yields the "Eight Trigrams" (ba gua 八卦) of the Yijing: Qian Dui Li Zhen Sun Kan Gen Kun (Heaven) (Lake) (Fire) (Thunder) (Wind) (Water) (Mountain) (Earth) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 The Eight Trigrams can also be mapped against the yin-yang cycle, represented below as the famous Taiji (Supreme Polarity) Diagram (taijitu 太極圖): This also reflects a binary numbering system. If the solid (yang) line is assigned the value of 0 and the broken (yin) line is 1, the Eight Trigram can be arranged to represent the numbers 0 through 7. -
THEORY of AYURVEDA (An Overview)
THEORYTHEORY OFOF AYURVEDAAYURVEDA (An(An Overview)Overview) Dr Chakra Pany Sharma M. D. ( Ayu ), PhD ( Sch ) READER -PG MMM Govt Ayurveda College Udaipur -India Lord Brhama Lord Dhanvantari-The 313001 Father of Surgery Email: [email protected] [email protected] An Overview of Lake City Udaipur Fatehsagar Lake and Island Park Greenery in Rural Area Clouds over the Peak of Mountain Night Scenario of Fountain Park Introduction & Background Ayurveda (Devanagari : आयुवBद ) or Ayurvedic medicine is an ancient system of health care that is native to the Indian subcontinent . It is presently in daily use by millions of people in India , Nepal , Sri Lanka ,China , Tibet, and Pakistan . It is now in practice for health care in Europian countries. The word " Ayurveda " is a tatpurusha compound of the word āyus meaning "life" or "life principle", and the word veda , which refers to a system of "knowledge". Continued…………………….. According to Charaka Samhita , "life" itself is defined as the "combination of the body, sense organs, mind and soul, the factor responsible for preventing decay and death." According to this perspective, Ayurveda is concerned with measures to protect "ayus ", which includes healthy living along with therapeutic measures that relate to physical, mental, social and spiritual harmony. Continued…………………. Ayurvedavatarana (the "descent of Ayurveda ") Brahama Daksha Prajapati Indra Bharadwaj Bharadvaja in turn taught Ayurveda to a group of assembled sages, who then passed down different aspects of this knowledge to their students . Continued…………………. According to tradition, Ayurveda was first described in text form by Agnivesha , named - Agnivesh tantra . The book was later redacted by Charaka , and became known as the Charaka Samhit ā. -
Lecture 9 Plato's Theory of Matter
Lecture 9 Plato's Theory of Matter Patrick Maher Scientific Thought I Fall 2009 Necessity and intellect Both play a role We must describe both types of causes, distinguishing those which possess understanding and thus fashion what is beautiful and good, from those which are devoid of intelligence and so produce only haphazard and disorderly effects every time. [46e] Timaeus calls these \intellect" and \necessity," respectively. Now in all but a brief part of the discourse I have just completed I have presented what has been crafted by Intellect. But I need to match this account by providing a comparable one concerning the things that have come about by Necessity. For this ordered world is of mixed birth: it is the offspring of a union of Necessity and Intellect. [47e] Contrast with Phaedo In Phaedo Socrates said he wanted to explain everything by showing it is for the best. In Timaeus's terminology, he wanted to explain everything by intellect. But Timaeus says that in addition to intellect there is necessity and we need to take account of both. Role of intellect in matter Use of Platonic solids The creator gave fire, air, earth, and water forms that make them as perfect as possible. The regular polyhedra are the best shapes, so he gave the elements those shapes. See diagrams. Tetrahedron: fire Octahedron: air Cube: earth Icosahedron: water Elementary triangles The faces of the tetrahedron, octahedron, and icosahedron are equilateral triangles. Timaeus says these triangles are composed of six smaller ones, each of which is half an equilateral triangle. The faces of the cube are squares. -
The Mathematical Anti-Atomism of Plato's Timaeus
The mathematical anti-atomism of Plato’s Timaeus Luc Brisson, Salomon Ofman To cite this version: Luc Brisson, Salomon Ofman. The mathematical anti-atomism of Plato’s Timaeus. Ancient Philoso- phy, Philosophy Documentation Center, In press. hal-02923266 HAL Id: hal-02923266 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02923266 Submitted on 26 Aug 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. The mathematical anti-atomism of Plato’s Timaeus Luc Brisson Salomon Ofman Centre Jean Pépin CNRS-Institut mathématique de Jussieu- CNRS-UMR 8230 Paris Rive Gauche École normale supérieure Sorbonne Université Paris Sciences Lettres Paris Université Abstract. In Plato’s eponymous dialogue, Timaeus, the main character presents the universe as an almost perfect sphere filled by tiny invisible particles having the form of four regular polyhedrons. At first glance, such a construction may seem close to an atomic theory. However, one does not find any text in Antiquity tying Timaeus’ cosmology to the atomists, and Aristotle made a clear distinction between Plato and the latter. Despite the cosmology in the Timaeus is so far apart from the one of the atomists, Plato is commonly presented in contemporary literature as some sort of atomist, sometimes as supporting a so-called form of ‘mathematical atomism’. -
On the Chemistry of Plato's Timaeus
HYLE 4-2 (1998): A Potential Infinity of Triangle Types: On the Chemistry of Plato's Timaeus HYLE--International Journal for Philosophy of Chemistry, Vol. 4 (1998), No. 2 , pp. 117-128 A Potential Infinity of Triangle Types On the Chemistry of Plato's Timaeus John Visintainer Abstract: Francis Cornford's assertion that there must be a smallest elemental triangle in the Platonic chemistry of the Timaeus is overturned in this paper. I show that, according to Plato, there need not be such a triangle and there might be a potentially infinite amount of elemental triangles. In doing so, I follow the interpretation of the Platonic chemistry first proposed by Bruins. Finally, I draw some conclusions with regard to Plato's relationship to atomism and modern chemistry. Keywords : ontology, Plato's chemistry, atomism, elements, perfect solids. Introduction The chemistry of the Timaeus might appear as an arcane curiosity and nothing else at first glance. Through the eyes of any Twentieth Century student of science and metaphysics, Plato's chemistry seems at odds with contemporary chemistry. For example, we know that there are more and other elements than the four (fire, air, water, and earth) that Plato claimed. And, certainly, we do not claim that the perfect solids or triangles have anything to do with the way that elements are formed or the way that chemical reactions take place. However, Plato's ideas appear more tenable when we consider that the way that reactions take place in the Platonic chemistry are analogous to the way that chemical reactions are said to take place by modern chemistry. -
The Capabilities and Potential Effectiveness of India's Prithvi Missile Z
Science& Global Security, 1998,Volume 7, pp. 333-360 @ 1998 OPA (OverseasPublishers Association) N.V. Reprints available directly from the publisher Published by license under Photocopyingpermitted by license only the Gordon and Breach Publishersimprint. Printed in India Bringing Prithvi Down to Earth: The Capabilities and Potential Effectiveness of India's Prithvi Missile z. MianO, A.H. Nayyarb and M. V. Ramanac - Prelude: The following paper was written prior to Pakistan's test of the Ghauri missile in April 1998 and also India and Pakistan's May 1998 nuclear weapon tests. In recent years, the development, testing and ambiguous deployment status of India's short range Prithvi missile has caused great concern in Pakistan, and accelerated the missile race in South Asia. This paper summarizes the open literature descriptions of Prithvi and assessesthe military effectiveness of Prithvi if it is used with conventional warheads in attacks on Pakistani airfields, command centers, and radar installations. It is shown that the current accuracy of Prithvi is such that a very large number of missiles would be needed to damage or destroy such targets. Given India's large air force, the small number of Prithvi missiles that have been ordered by India's armed forces, and the much larger number of missiles required to pose a significant additional military threat to Pakistan, the justification for Prithvi is obviously open to question. It is suggested that the induction of Prithvi with its present limited capabilities may be largely a result of institutional pressure from India's Defense Research and Develop- ment Organization, which is responsible for the missile program, rather than demand from the armed forces. -
An Analytical and Comparative Study of Indian and Chinese Cosmologies
AN ANALYTICAL AND COMPARATIVE STUDY OF INDIAN AND CHINESE COSMOLOGIES S. MAHDIHASSAN* ABSTRACT To understand Chinese Cosmology in terms of the Indian system we have to look upon Cninese elements as symbols of the qualities they incorporate. The elements rearranged with the corresponding qualities would be : As elements: Fire. Water, Metal, Earth and Wood. As quali- ties: Hot, Cold, Dry, Moist, and Wind. Nothing can be drier than a metal hence dryness is symbolized as Metal. Subsoil is invariabry moist, hence moisture is symbolized as Earth. Wood is fresh - wood, like a cutting which transplants another life- form. It is potential life, like an egg, or better still here cosmic egg, the source of all creation. Its content is wind, like pneuma in Greek philosophy. Life-breath, the source of cosmic move- ment, cosmic existence, in fact cosmic soul. Life-energy is creative energy and Akasha as container would have cosmic soul as content. This makes wind (as cosmic) = Akasha, 1. A problem in comparative cosmology: By cosmology is understood a system of interpreting the universe III terms of few irreducible factors called Cosmic elements. Now \\ hatever exists in the universe can be either a form of matter, like star, stone and plant, or a form of energy, like heat and light. Further we must recognize entities as being independent of others, like stone as matter and heat as energy. Then what is merely relative, like heat and cold, these would be one and same entity, which concentrated would be called heat and reduced would be felt as cold. Thirdly there would be hypothetical entities logically justifiable but not knowable. -
Zoroaster and the Theory of Four Elements
Bull. Hist. Chem., VOLUME 25, Number 2 (2000) 109 ZOROASTER AND THE THEORY OF FOUR ELEMENTS th bh, v Unvrt Intrdtn trl, nd n thr tp. vr, h dvtd nl t p t th rlr rn phlphr h npt f fr lnt: r, tr, rth, nd fr, rtr nd h rln. t rprnl, prhp, th thht t hv t rn th th Gr phlphr d f fr "rd" lnt bnt. Epdl bt 440 .C., hld fr n nt A tpl rnt r. Arttl (8422 .C. prntd fll (. ddd t th npt tht th Ardn t Arttl, th prprt f btn r IE b f th trl rld th rlt f th ltn prn f rtn fndn pr ttr, hh hd nl ptntl xt tl prprt. h Arttln t r n ntl prd b dtrn thrfr n "fr." fr h dd nt rnd nt th ht drn n hp nl, bt ll ht ll lnt bt AI EA tht nfrrd pn bd th n btrt nptn f t pf prprt. In rtn ntrr prprt r Cld t plt nfttn, "lt," pll ld Mt fr v r t th "fr n, htn, drn, nd lnt," r, tr, rth, tn, hh b nd fr hh r dtn ntd n fr bntn: WAE hd fr n nthr drn nd ht (fr, ht b thr "lt." In nd tr (r, tr Figure 1. h fr lnt rprntd n lt h lnt, n lt nd ld (tr, nd ld nd ll htr nd htr f htr b. prdnt vr th drn (rth (. thr: n rth, drn n Arttl nd h fllr blvd tht ll btn tr, ld n r, fldt, nd n fr, ht. -
AKASHA Is the Rose Pink Flame to the Earth from the Great Central
AKASHA is the will begin to guide in one of the most amazing Rose Pink Flame GOLDEN AGES that has ever been on the earth. to the Earth from 2012 represents the coming to a completion of the Great Central limited human consciousness, opening the way for awakened human beings to express and live Sun their full Christ consciousness upon the Earth again. This is a time when many prophesies of the Ascended Jesus Christ Emmanuel will be AKASHA for all ages and in all civilizations has fulfilled and the advancement of all activities of been a sacred word representing the life, will also unfold upon this planet. tremendous magnetic force of the Mother’s Presence, filling all inter-stellar space in the On May 26th 2012 the great Cosmic activities of Universe out of which every object, planet and this system of worlds, the physical sun, galaxy sun is formed in a state of Universal perfection. and the Great Central Sun, will work with the elements of this planet and the consciousness of The Akashic force is actually named after Akasha humanity, offering people the opportunity to and is more than anything you have ever raise themselves up and out of a limited state of considered. This force, this consciousness that is being, into the original Divine Christ impersonal and common to all Life, this force a consciousness - The Mighty I AM Presence. number of millions of years ago (in our current understanding of time) was named after Between May 26thand December 21st 2012 a AKASHA and called the Akasha Magnetic Force.