9.22 VILLAGE of SUFFERN This Section Presents the Jurisdictional Annex for the Village of Suffern

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

9.22 VILLAGE of SUFFERN This Section Presents the Jurisdictional Annex for the Village of Suffern Section 9.22: Village of Suffern 9.22 VILLAGE OF SUFFERN This section presents the jurisdictional annex for the Village of Suffern. 9.22.1 Hazard Mitigation Plan Point of Contact The following individuals have been identified as the hazard mitigation plan’s primary and alternate points of contact. Primary Point of Contact Alternate Point of Contact Charles W. Sawicki, Director of Public Works Joseph Hunt [email protected] [email protected] 845-357-2602 845-357-1617 NFIP Floodplain Administrator (FPA) Charles W. Sawicki, Director of Public Works [email protected] 845-357-2602 9.22.2 Municipal Profile The Village of Suffern is located along the southern border of the Town of Ramapo in Rockland County. It is approximately 2.1 square miles in size and bordered to the north by the Town of Ramapo and the Village of Montebello, to the south by New Jersey, to the east by the Village of Airmont and to the west by the Village of Hillburn. Both the Ramapo River and Mahwah River flow through the Village. The Ramapo River Watershed encompasses the entire Village. According to the 2010 Census, the Village’s population was 10,723. The New York State Thruway (I-87) passes through the Village, as does I-287. The area is served by New Jersey Transit and Metro-North Railroad commuter lines which stop at the Suffern train station. Freight rail also passes through the Village. Growth/Development Trends The following table summarizes recent residential/commercial development since 2010 to present and any known or anticipated major residential/commercial development and major infrastructure development that has been identified in the next five years within the municipality. Refer to the map in 9.22.8 of this annex which illustrates the hazard areas along with the location of potential new development. Table 9.22-1. Growth and Development Type # of Units Location Property or (e.g. Res., / (address and/or Known Hazard Description/Status Development Name Comm.) Structures Parcel ID) Zone(s) of Development Recent Development from 2010 to present Brooker Engineering NEHRP: D; WUI: Comm. 6 stories 74 Lafayette Avenue Complete Office Building Interface Mountainview Estates Comm. 2 stories Pavilion Road WUI: Interface Complete Known or Anticipated Development in the Next Five (5) Years Orange Avenue NEHRP: D; WUI: Comm. 5 stories Orange Ave. Under Construction Apartment LLC Interface * Only location-specific hazard zones or vulnerabilities identified. DMA 2000 Hazard Mitigation Plan Update – Rockland County, New York 9.22-1 April 2018 Section 9.22: Village of Suffern 9.22.3 Natural Hazard Event History Specific to the Municipality Rockland County has a history of natural and non-natural hazard events as detailed in Volume I, Section 5.0 of this plan. A summary of historical events is provided in each of the hazard profiles and includes a chronology of events that have affected the County and its municipalities. For the purpose of this plan update, events that have occurred in the County from 2008 to present were summarized to indicate the range and impact of hazard events in the community. Information regarding specific damages is included, if available, based on reference material or local sources. This information is presented in the table below. For details of these and additional events, refer to Volume I, Section 5.0 of this plan. Table 9.22-2. Hazard Event History Event Type (Disaster Rockland Dates of Declaration if County Event applicable) Designated? Summary of Damages/Losses The wastewater treatment plant was damaged as a result of this storm. Severe Storm and The storm left vegetative debris and mud and rock deposits throughout March 13-31, Flooding Yes the Village. Public assistance was requested from FEMA and 2010 DR-1899 NYSDHSES (over $12,000 in labor [debris cleanup], equipment and direct administrative costs). The storm brought massive snow accumulation which required Severe Winter significant snow plowing and snow removal by the Village to ensure December 26- Storm Yes mobility of emergency vehicles. The Village requested public 27, 2010 DR-1957 assistance from FEMA and NYSDHSES (over $5,000 in overtime, equipment use and direct administrative costs). The heavy rains caused the Mahwah and Ramapo Rivers to reach historic levels and flow into and beyond their floodplains. This resulted in significant damage to roads, homes, and businesses in the Village. A bridge washed out and the wastewater and water treatments plants were taken offline. The Village evacuated Squires Gates and August 28, Hurricane Irene Yes adjacent areas. Four residential structures on Lonegran Drive were 2011 DR-4020 significantly damaged and demolished (homes were bought out). The wastewater treatment plant, water treatment facility, DPW fueling station and the South Street pump station all sustained damage. Police, fire and DPW all provided emergency protective services and had overtime costs. High wind speeds impacted the Village, knocking down trees and powerlines. Many residents were without power. Downed trees damaged residential properties throughout the Village. Roofs were October 29, blown off and the wind compromised utilities and Village Hurricane Sandy Yes 2012 infrastructure. East Maple Avenue was closed. There was massive amounts of vegetative debris including very large trees that required removal and cleanup from the roadways and other areas of the Village. Public assistance was requested from FEMA and NYSDHSES. Notes: EM Emergency Declaration (FEMA) FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency DR Major Disaster Declaration (FEMA) N/A Not applicable 9.22.4 Hazard Vulnerabilities and Ranking The hazard profiles in Section 5.0 of this plan have detailed information regarding each plan participant’s vulnerability to the identified hazards. The following summarizes the hazard vulnerabilities and their ranking in the Village of Suffern. For additional vulnerability information relevant to this jurisdiction, refer to Section 5.0. DMA 2000 Hazard Mitigation Plan Update – Rockland County, New York 9.22-2 April 2018 Section 9.22: Village of Suffern Natural Hazard Risk/Vulnerability Risk Ranking The table below summarizes the hazard risk/vulnerability rankings of potential natural hazards for the Village of Suffern. Table 9.22-3. Hazard Risk/Vulnerability Risk Ranking Risk Ranking Probability Score Estimate of Potential Dollar Losses to of (Probability x Hazard Hazard type Structures Vulnerable to the Hazard a, c Occurrence Impact) Ranking b Drought Damage estimate not available Frequent 39 High 100-Year GBS: $0 Earthquake 500-Year GBS: $2,517,318 Occasional 32 High 2,500-Year GBS: $35,355,502 Extreme Damage estimate not available Frequent 27 Medium Temperature Flood 1% Annual Chance: $87,329,000 Frequent 36 High Landslide RCV Exposed: $0 Rare 6 Low 100-Year MRP: $767,490 Severe Storm 500-year MRP: $2,328,670 Frequent 48 High Annualized: $37,405 1% GBS: $12,198,380 Winter Storm Frequent 51 High 5% GBS: $60,991,900 Wildfire Estimated Value in the WUI: $1,799,427,000 Frequent 54 High Notes: a. Building damage ratio estimates based on FEMA 386-2 (August 2001) b. The valuation of general building stock and loss estimates was based on custom inventory for the municipality. High = Total hazard priority risk ranking score of 31 and above Medium = Total hazard priority risk ranking of 20-30+ Low = Total hazard risk ranking below 20 c. Loss estimates for the severe storm and severe winter storm hazards are structural values only and do not include the value of contents. d Loss estimates for the flood and earthquake hazards represent both structure and contents. e. The HAZUS-MH earthquake model results are reported by Census Tract. National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) Summary The following table summarizes the NFIP statistics for the Village of Suffern. Table 9.22-4. NFIP Summary # Claims Total Loss # Rep. # Severe Rep. # Policies in 100- # Policies (Losses) Payments Loss Prop. Loss Prop. year Boundary Municipality (1) (1) (2) (1) (1) (3) Suffern, Village of 154 390 $5,188,302 17 2 123 Source: FEMA Region 2, 2016 (1) Policies, claims, repetitive loss and severe repetitive loss statistics provided by FEMA Region 2, and are current as of 06/30/2016. The total number of repetitive loss properties does not include the severe repetitive loss properties. The number of claims represents claims closed by 06/30/16. (2) Total building and content losses from the claims file provided by FEMA Region 2. (3) The policies inside and outside of the flood zones is based on the latitude and longitude provided by FEMA Region 2 in the policy file. Notes: FEMA noted that where there is more than one entry for a property, there may be more than one policy in force or more than one GIS possibility. A zero percentage denotes less than 1/100th percentage and not zero damages or vulnerability as may be the case. Number of policies and claims and claims total exclude properties located outside county boundary, based on provided latitude and longitude DMA 2000 Hazard Mitigation Plan Update – Rockland County, New York 9.22-3 April 2018 Section 9.22: Village of Suffern Critical Facilities The table below presents the critical facilities identified in the HMP that are located in the FEMA-delineated 1- and/or 0.2-percent annual chance floodplain. The table also summarizes the Hazards United States (HAZUS) – Multi-Hazards (MH) damage estimates (if any) to each critical facility as a result of the 1-percent annual chance flood event. Table 9.22-5. Potential Flood Losses to Critical Facilities Potential Loss from Exposure 1% Flood Event Percent Percent 0.2% Structure Content Name Type 1% Event Event Damage Damage Well #1 Well X X - - Well #2 Well X X - - Well #3 Well X X - - Well #4 Well X X - - O & R Suffern Gate Station - Hazmat X Gas Suffern Wastewater Treatment WWTP X Plant Source: Hazus-MH 3.2, Rockland County Note: Due to the sensitive nature of the location of potable wells, a general listing is provided in the above table.
Recommended publications
  • Catskill Trails, 9Th Edition, 2010
    Harriman-Bear Mountain Trails, 13th Edition, 2010 New York-New Jersey Trail Conference Index Feature Map (119BM = Bear Mtn Inset) 1777 E Trail 119, 119BM 1777 W Trail 119, 119BM 1779 Trail 119, 119BM Abrams Road 119 ADK Camp Nawakwa 118 Agony Grind 119 Almost Perpendicular 118 American Canoe Association Camp 118 Anchor Monument 119 Anthony Wayne Recreation Area 119 Anthony Wayne Trail 119 Anthonys Nose 119 Appalachian Trail 119, 119BM Arden 119 Arden Brook 119 Arden House 119 Arden Road 119 Arden Valley Road 119 Arden-Surebridge Trail 118, 119 Augusta Mine 118 Baileytown Cemetery 119 Baileytown Road 119 Baker Camp 118 Bald Mountain 118, 119 Bald Rocks Shelter 118, 119 Barnes Lake 119 Barnes Mine 118 Bear Mountain 119, 119BM Bear Mountain Administration Building 119BM Bear Mountain Bridge 119, 119BM Bear Mountain Bridge Road 119 Bear Mountain Dock 119BM Bear Mountain Historical Museum 119BM Bear Mountain Inn 119BM Bear Mountain Merry-Go-Round 119BM Bear Mountain Picnic Area 119BM Bear Mountain Skating Rink 119BM Bear Mountain State Park 119, 119BM Bear Mountain Swimming Pool 119BM Bear Mountain Trailside Museums and Zoo 119BM Beaver Pond Brook 118 Beaver Pond Campground 118, 119 p1 Beech Trail 118, 119 Beech Trail Cemetery 118, 119 Beechy Bottom Road 119 Bensons Point 119 Big Bog Mountain 119 Big Hill 118 Big Hill Shelter 118 Black Ash Mine 118 Black Ash Mountain 118 Black Ash Swamp 118 Black Mountain 119 Black Rock 118, 119 Black Rock Mountain 118, 119 Blauvelt Mountain 118 Blendale Lake 119 Blue Disc Trail 118 Blythea Lake 119 Bockberg
    [Show full text]
  • Water Resources of the New Jersey Part of the Ramapo River Basin
    Water Resources of the New Jersey Part of the Ramapo River Basin GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 1974 Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Conservation and Economic Development, Division of Water Policy and Supply Water Resources of the New Jersey Part of the Ramapo River Basin By JOHN VECCHIOLI and E. G. MILLER GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 1974 Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Conservation and Economic Development, Division of Water Policy and Supply UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1973 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ROGERS C. B. MORTON, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY V. E. McKelvey, Director Library of Congress catalog-card No. 72-600358 For sale bv the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price $2.20 Stock Number 2401-02417 CONTENTS Page Abstract.................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction............................................................................................ ............ 2 Purpose and scope of report.............................................................. 2 Acknowledgments.......................................................................................... 3 Previous studies............................................................................................. 3 Geography...................................................................................................... 4 Geology
    [Show full text]
  • Inventory of Published and Unpublished Sediment-Load Data, United States and Puerto Rico, 1950 60
    Inventory of Published and Unpublished Sediment-Load Data, United States and Puerto Rico, 1950 60 Compiled by K. F. HARRIS GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 1547 Prepared in cooperation with the Sub- committee on Sedimentation, Inter- Agency Committee on Heater R sources UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1962 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STEWART L. UDALL, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas B. Nolan, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D.C. PREFACE This report supplements Bulletin No. I, "Inventory of published and Unpublished Sediment Load Data in the United States," published in April 1949 and Bulletin No. 4, "Inventory of Published and Un­ published Sediment Load Data in the United States, Supplement- 1946 to 1950," published in April 1952. These bulletins were pub­ lished under the sponsorship of the Subcommittee on Sedimenta­ tion, Federal Inter-Agency River Basin Committee (predecessor to the Inter-Agency Committee on Water Resources). The following agencies participating on the Subcommittee on Sedimentation, Inter-Agency Committee on Water Resources, fur­ nished records of published and unpublished data obtained by their various offices for this inventory: Department of Agriculture Department of the Interior Agricultural Research Bureau of Mines Service Bureau of Reclamation Forest Service Geological Survey Soil Conservation Service Department of Health, Education, Department of the Army and Welfare Corps of Engineers Public Health
    [Show full text]
  • Congressional Record—House H7878
    H7878 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE July 17, 2007 center even exists. We don’t know if it The Acting CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to modifications committed to conference: even exists, if it’s created by this ear- clause 6 of rule XVIII, further pro- Messrs. Reyes, Cramer, and Hoekstra. mark. ceedings on the amendment offered by From the Committee on Science and Tech- Concurrent Technology has been the the gentleman from Arizona will be nology, for consideration of secs. 703, 1301, recipient of millions upon millions of 1464, 1467, and 1507 of the Senate amendment, postponed. and modifications committed to conference: dollars over the years. The executives Mr. VISCLOSKY. Mr. Chairman, I Messrs. Gordon of Tennessee, Wu, and in Concurrent Technology contribute move that the Committee do now rise. Gingrey. handsomely to Members of Congress. The motion was agreed to. From the Committee on Transportation So it receives a lot of earmarks. It Accordingly, the Committee rose; and Infrastructure, for consideration of Ti- seems to be an earmark incubator of and the Speaker pro tempore (Mr. tles I–III, sec. 1002, and Title XI of the House some type, an earmark that begets DAVIS of Illinois) having assumed the bill, and secs. 202, 301, Title IV, secs. 801–803, 807, 901, 1001, 1002, 1101–1103, 1422–1424, 1426, more earmarks. chair, Mr. TIERNEY, Chairman of the And yet we have the report that 1427, 1429, 1430, 1433, 1436–1438, 1441, 1443, 1444, Committee of the Whole House on the 1446, 1449, 1464, 1473, 1503, and 1605 of the Sen- comes with the bill that doesn’t even state of the Union, reported that that mention Concurrent Technology.
    [Show full text]
  • Geohydrology Of, and Simulation of Ground-Water Flow In, The
    GEOHYDROLOGY OF, AND SIMULATION OF GROUND-WATER FLOW IN, THE VALLEY-FILL DEPOSITS IN THE RAMAPO RIVER VALLEY, NEW JERSEY By M.C. Hill, G.P. Lennon, G.A. Brown, C.S. Hebson, and S.J. Rheaume U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4151 Prepared in cooperation with NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND ENERGY West Trenton, New Jersey 1992 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR MANUEL LUJAN, JR., Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director For additional information Copies of this report can be write to: purchased from: District Chief U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey Books and Open-File Reports Section Mountain View Office Park Federal Center 810 Bear Tavern Road Box 25425 Suite 206 Denver, CO 80225 West Trenton, NJ 08628 CONTENTS Page Abstract............................................................. 1 Introduction......................................................... 2 Purpose and scope............................................... 2 Methods of study................................................ 2 Previous studies................................................ 3 Well-numbering and location system.............................. 4 Acknowledgments................................................. 4 Description of study area............................................ 5 Location and physiographic setting.............................. 5 Climate......................................................... 7 Land use........................................................ 7 Geologic
    [Show full text]
  • Flood Hazard Area Control Act Rules
    THIS IS A COURTESY COPY OF THIS RULE. ALL OF THE DEPARTMENT’S RULES ARE COMPILED IN TITLE 7 OF THE NEW JERSEY ADMINISTRATIVE CODE. N.J.A.C. 7:13 FLOOD HAZARD AREA CONTROL ACT RULES Statutory authority: N.J.S.A. 12:5-3; 13:1D-1 et seq.; 13:1D-29 et seq., specifically 13:1D-33; 13:9A-1 et seq.; 13:19-1 et seq.; 13:20-1 et seq.; 58:10A-1 et seq.; 58:11A-1 et seq.; and 58:16A-50 et seq. Date last amended: July 8, 2021 For regulatory history and effective dates, see the New Jersey Administrative Code Table of Contents CHAPTER 13 ................................................................................................................................................................................ 6 FLOOD HAZARD AREA CONTROL ACT RULES ........................................................................................................... 6 SUBCHAPTER 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS ........................................................................................................................ 6 7:13-1.1 Purpose and scope ........................................................................................................................................................ 6 7:13-1.2 Definitions .................................................................................................................................................................... 7 7:13-1.3 Forms, checklists, information, technical manual; Department address and website ............................................. 21 7:13-1.4 Delegation of authority .............................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • I. -Fewo-E. C: John Covino, SDAG Roge/Tf S
    RECEIVED PUBLIC SERVCF. COMMISSION v OSEC-FILES-ALBANY 2001 JUL 20 AM 11:148 ^tate of $tfa Jleraeg DEPARTMENT OF LAW AND PUBLIC SAFETY DIVISION OF LAW RICHARD J. HUGHES JUSTICE COMPLEX 25 MARKET STREET DONALD T. DIFRANCESCO PO BOX 093 JOHN J. FARMER, JR. Acting Governor TRENTON, NJ 08625-0093 Attorney General E-Mail: [email protected] (609)984-6811 JEFFREY J. MILLER Assistant Attorney General July 18, 2001 Dirpetor VIA OVERNIGHT MAIL Office of the Secretary Janet H. Deixler, Secretary to the Commission 3 Empire State Plaza Albany, New York 12223-1350 Re: IMO the Application of Ramapo Energy Limited Partnership for a Certificate of Environmental Compatibility and Public Need Pursuant to Article X of the Public Service Law Case No. 98-F-1968 Dear Ms. Deixler: Enclosed for filing please find an original and five copies of the Prefiled Direct Testimony and Exhibits of the following witnesses for the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection; (1) Anthony S. Navoy, (2) Joseph Miri, (3) Robert Canace, (4) Asghar Hasan, (5) Paul Schorr, (6) Steven Lubow and (7) Shing- Fu Hsueh. A copy of the Testimony and Exhibits have been provided to all parties on the enclosed Exhibit Exchange Service List. Sincerely yours, JOHN J. FARMER, JR. ATTORNEY GENERAL OF NEW JERSEY /re By: i. -feWo-e. c: John Covino, SDAG Roge/tf S. Haase Enc. Deputy Attorney General yaps New Jersey Is Art Equal Opportunity Employer ' Printed on Recycled Paper and Recyclable EXHIBIT LIST - Case 98-F-1968 • Application of Ramapo Energy Limited Partnership ANTHONY
    [Show full text]
  • Millennium Valley Lateral Project
    EASTERN SYSTEM UPGRADE RESOURCE REPORT 3 Fisheries, Vegetation, and Wildlife FERC Docket No. CP16-__-000 July 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page 3.0 FISHERIES, VEGETATION, AND WILDLIFE...........................................................3-1 3.1 FISHERY RESOURCES ..............................................................................................................3-2 3.1.1 Fisheries Classification.....................................................................................................3-2 3.1.2 Fisheries of Special Concern ............................................................................................3-3 3.1.2.1 Essential Fish Habitat ..................................................................................3-4 3.1.2.2 Trout .............................................................................................................3-4 3.1.3 Construction and Operation Impacts on Fisheries............................................................3-4 3.1.3.1 Pipeline .........................................................................................................3-4 3.1.3.2 Access Roads ................................................................................................3-6 3.1.3.3 Pipe / Contractor Yards and Staging Areas .................................................3-6 3.1.3.4 Aboveground Facilities.................................................................................3-7 3.2 VEGETATION..............................................................................................................................3-8
    [Show full text]
  • Suffern Nyrcr
    SUFFERN NYRCR NY RISING COMMUNITY RECONSTRUCTION PLAN December 2014 NY Rising Community Reconstruction Program Members of the Suffern NYRCR Planning Committee Beth Barone, Chair Trish Abato* Jo Corrigan* James Lyons Bruce McClintlock Daniel McInerney Charles Sawicki Dina Schmidt Bruce Simon *(non-voting member) Prepared By This document was developed by the Suffern NYRCR Planning Committee as part of the NY Rising Community Reconstruction (NYRCR) Program within the Governor’s Office of Storm Recovery. The NYRCR Program is supported by NYS Homes and Community Renewal and NYS Department of State. The document was prepared by the following consulting firms: AKRF, Inc.; MJ Engineering and Land Surveying, P.C.; Nagle, Tatich, Cranston LLC d/b/a Elan.3.Consulting (E.3); Sasaki Associates; Arch Street Communications, Inc.; and CDM Smith. i Foreword Introduction expertise. This powerful combination recognizes not only that community members are best positioned to In the span of approximately one year, beginning in assess the needs and opportunities of the places August 2011, the State of New York experienced three where they live and work, but also that decisions are extreme weather events. Hurricane Irene, Tropical best made when they are grounded in rigorous analy- Storm Lee, and Superstorm Sandy wreaked havoc on sis and informed by the latest innovative solutions. the lives of New Yorkers and their communities. These tragic disasters signaled that New Yorkers are living in Launched in the summer of 2013 and completed in a new reality defined by rising sea levels and extreme March 2014, Round I of the NYRCR planning process weather events that will occur with increased fre- included 50 NYRCR Planning Areas, comprising 102 quency and power.
    [Show full text]
  • Water Shortages, Development, and Drought in Rockland County, New York1
    JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION DECEMBER AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION 2005 WATER SHORTAGES, DEVELOPMENT, AND DROUGHT IN ROCKLAND COUNTY, NEW YORK1 Bradfield Lyon, Nicholas Christie-Blick, and Yekaterina Gluzberg2 ABSTRACT: Knowledge of the historical variability of regional cli- of 1,000 mm, an eastern boundary delineated by the mate is an essential element of successful water resource planning. Hudson River, and a population of 287,000 in 2000 (a Lacking such perspective, planners and managers can be deceived modest 635 persons per km2), the county would as to the severity of a recent climate extreme, such as drought, and place a disproportionate blame on the climate, not the integrity of appear to have an abundant supply of water. Yet on the supply system should water restrictions become necessary to closer inspection Rockland is facing some very real avoid shortages. Presented here is a vivid example of how develop- water challenges. Between 1995 and 2002 the county ment, a lack of adequate planning, and climate variability have declared three drought emergencies, with the latest converged to produce three water emergencies in Rockland County, round of water shortages being described by one coun- New York, since 1995. An examination of climate data over the past century indicates that the severity of the recent droughts was well ty official as the worst on record (Raver, 2002). Why within the range of past variability. Rather than climate alone, the so many water shortages in such a short period of recent water emergencies have highlighted a significant mismatch time? Have regional climate variations over the past between supply and demand that has been developing in Rockland decade been especially severe, or is the water supply County over the past three decades.
    [Show full text]
  • The National Gazetteer of the United States of America
    THE NATIONAL GAZETTEER OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA NEW JERSEY 1983 THE NATIONAL GAZETTEER OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA NEW JERSEY 1983 Barnegat Lighthouse took its name from adjacent Barnegat Inlet which connects Barnegat Bay with the Atlantic Ocean. The name, first appearing on a 1656 map as "Barndegat," reflects the early Dutch heritage of New Jersey. It is derived from "barende gat" meaning "foaming entrance (passage)," a descriptive reference to the break in the barrier islands with its foamy or breaking surf. The National Gazetteer of the United States of America New Jersey 1983 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1200-NJ Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Board on Geographic Names UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE:1983 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR JAMES G. WATT, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DALLAS L. PECK, Director UNITED STATES BOARD ON GEOGRAPHIC NAMES JOHN A. WOLTER, Chairman MEMBERS AS OF JULY 1982 Department of State ___________________________ Sandra Shaw, member Robert Smith, deputy Postal Service ________________________________ Robert G. Krause, member Paul S. Bakshi, deputy Lawrence L. Lum, deputy Department of Interior _________________________ Rupert B. Southard, member Solomon M. Lang, deputy Dwight F. Rettie, deputy David E. Meier, deputy Department of Agriculture _______________________ Myles R. Hewlett, member Lewis G. Glover, deputy Donald D. Loff, deputy Department of Commerce ______________----___- Charles E. Harrington, member Richard L. Forstall, deputy Roy G. Saltman, deputy Government Printing Office _____________________ Robert C. McArtor, member Roy W. Morton, deputy Library of Congress ____________________________ John A. Wolter, member Myrl D. Powell, deputy Department of Defense _________________________ Thomas P. Morris, member Carl Nelius, deputy Staff assistance for domestic geographic names provided by the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • A. Natural Resources and Open Space
    Town of Ramapo Comprehensive Plan Natural Resources and Open Space A. NATURAL RESOURCES AND OPEN SPACE Summary of Planning Issues Environmental resources refer to the natural, often interdependent, components of an area's ecosystem. They include groundwater and surface water resources, vegetation and open space. The Town of Ramapo is located within two distinct geologic areas. The western portion of the Town lies within the Reading Prong projection of the New England Uplands (part of the New England Province, considered a northward extension of the larger Appalachian mountain chain). The Reading Prong is known locally as the Ramapo Mountains, the New York-New Jersey Highlands, or simply the Highlands. The eastern portion of the Town lies within the Piedmont Province which, in contrast, consists of broad valleys and low hills. This topographic pattern has had a profound impact on land development within the Town. The topography of the western portion of the Town is characterized with steep-sided ridges and narrow valleys. The severe nature of the slopes in these areas has significantly limited development, and much of the land has remained undeveloped and/or been dedicated for park purposes. The eastern portion of the Town, however, is characterized by rolling terrain with gentle valleys and moderate ridges. Thus, since the eastern lowland and valley portions of the Town tend to have less severe slopes and topography, these areas have experienced the highest proportion of intensive development, while the western portion of the Town has remained relatively undeveloped. The necessity to protect the Town’s groundwater supply from various pollution sources is required to both ensure future supply and maintain its quality.
    [Show full text]