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The Burial of the Urban Poor in Italy in the Late Republic and Early Empire
Death, disposal and the destitute: The burial of the urban poor in Italy in the late Republic and early Empire Emma-Jayne Graham Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Archaeology University of Sheffield December 2004 IMAGING SERVICES NORTH Boston Spa, Wetherby West Yorkshire, LS23 7BQ www.bl.uk The following have been excluded from this digital copy at the request of the university: Fig 12 on page 24 Fig 16 on page 61 Fig 24 on page 162 Fig 25 on page 163 Fig 26 on page 164 Fig 28 on page 168 Fig 30on page 170 Fig 31 on page 173 Abstract Recent studies of Roman funerary practices have demonstrated that these activities were a vital component of urban social and religious processes. These investigations have, however, largely privileged the importance of these activities to the upper levels of society. Attempts to examine the responses of the lower classes to death, and its consequent demands for disposal and commemoration, have focused on the activities of freedmen and slaves anxious to establish or maintain their social position. The free poor, living on the edge of subsistence, are often disregarded and believed to have been unceremoniously discarded within anonymous mass graves (puticuli) such as those discovered at Rome by Lanciani in the late nineteenth century. This thesis re-examines the archaeological and historical evidence for the funerary practices of the urban poor in Italy within their appropriate social, legal and religious context. The thesis attempts to demonstrate that the desire for commemoration and the need to provide legitimate burial were strong at all social levels and linked to several factors common to all social strata. -
Filmar Spal 18 Color.Indd
SPAL Revista de Prehistoria y Arqueología de la Universidad de Sevilla 18 2009 Sevilla 2011 Reservados todos los derechos. Ni la totalidad ni parte de este libro puede re- producirse o transmitirse por ningún procedimiento electrónico o mecánico, in- cluyendo fotocopia, grabación y sistema de recuperación, sin permiso escrito de los editores CONSEJO DE REDACCIÓN DIRECTOR Fernando Amores Carredano (Universidad de Sevilla) Secretario Eduardo Ferrer Albelda (Universidad de Sevilla) Vocales José Beltrán Fortes (Universidad de Sevilla) Rosario Cabrero García (Universidad de Sevilla) Leonardo García Sanjuán (Universidad de Sevilla) Rosario Cruz-Auñón Briones (Universidad de Sevilla) Enrique García Vargas (Universidad de Sevilla) Victor Hurtado Pérez (Universidad de Sevilla) José Luis Escacena Carrasco (Universidad de Sevilla) Consejo Asesor Científico Manuel Acién Almansa (Universidad de Málaga) Manuel Bendala Galán (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid) Germán Delibes de Castro (Universidad de Valladolid) Carlos Fabiao (Universidad de Lisboa) Mauro S. Hernández Pérez (Universidad de Alicante) Bernat Martí Oliver (Servicio de Investigación y Museo de Prehistoria. Diputación de Valencia) M.ª Isabel Martínez Navarrete (Centro de Estudios Históricos. CSIC) Marisa Ruiz-Gálvez Priego (Universidad Complutense de Madrid) Gonzalo Ruiz Zapatero (Universidad Complutense de Madrid) Spal es una revista de Prehistoria y Arqueología que tiene como objetivo publicar artículos origi- nales, notas y recensiones con una cobertura temática amplia, que abarca aspectos teóricos y me- todológicos de la Arqueología y estudios por períodos cronológicos, desde el Paleolítico hasta la Arqueología Industrial. Se dará prioridad a los trabajos centrados en el sur peninsular, aunque tam- bién tendrán cabida aquellos que se refieran a la Península Ibérica y el Mediterráneo occidental. -
RIMS 35 Color.Indd
אוניברסיטת חיפה המכון ללימודי ים ע"ש ליאון רקנאטי R.I.M.S. NEWS UNIVERSITY OF HAIFA LEON RECANATI INSTITUTE FOR MARITIME STUDIES Elisha Linder 1924 – 2009 REPORT NO. 35, 2009 Contents Yaacov Kahanov - Dear Friends 1 Yossi Mart, Yaacov Kahanov Remembering Elisha Linder 1924–2009 3 Michal Artzy Liman Tepe Underwater Excavations: A retrospective 11 Assaf Yasur-Landau and Eric H. Cline The Renewed Excavations at Tel Kabri and New Evidence for the Interactions between the Aegean and the Levant in the Middle Bronze II Period (ca. 1750–1550 BCE) 16 Rika Navri Dor 2006 Shipwreck – Report of the 2009 Excavation Season 20 Deborah Cvikel Overseas Expedition: The Underwater Excavation of the Jeanne-Elisabeth (Maguelone 2) 22 Between Continents – 12th International Symposium on Boat and Ship Archaeology 23 Yossi Salmon Advanced Workshop for Ground Penetrating Radar Data Processing 24 Joint Geo-archaeological Project, Stavnsager, Denmark 24 15th European Association of Archaeologists Annual Meeting, Riva del Garda, Italy 25 Summaries of Theses Submitted to the Department of Maritime Civilizations, 2008–9 Aviad P. Scheinin The Population of Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), Bottom-Trawl Catch Trends and the Interaction between the Two along the Mediterranean Continental Shelf of Israel 26 Oren Sonin Aspects of the Dynamics of Fish Populations and Fishery Management in the Mediterranean Coastal Waters of Israel 30 Arad Haggi Harbors in Phoenicia, Israel and Philistia in the 9th–7th Centuries BCE: Archaeological Finds and Historical Interpretation -
Wyatt Proof.Qxd
Journal of Ancient Egyptian Interconnections Review Inscribed in Clay: Provenance Study of the Amarna Letters and Other Ancient Near Eastern Texts Yuval Goren, Israel Finkelstein, and Nadav Na’aman Emery and Claire Yass Publications in Archaeology Institute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University (2004) Reviewed by Mary F. Ownby Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge A!&'% "' This review discusses the important results of the petrographic analysis of the Amarna tablets presented by Yuval Goren, Israel Finkelstein, and Nadav Na’aman. Particular attention is given to summarizing some of their key findings, which highlight the poten - tial for scientific analysis of clay objects to provide relevant and otherwise unattainable information on the specifics of human history. This book is a key resource for any individual studying the political relationships between Egypt and the Near East, the historical events of the Late Bronze Age, or the geopolitical layout of the empires and city-states in this region, and offers a promising new approach to ceramic petrography in general. ith Inscribed in Clay: Provenance Study of the petrographically determined provenance can assist in contextual - Amarna Letters and other Ancient Near Eastern izing the written information. As Inscribed in Clay demonstrates, WTexts , Y. Goren, I. Finkelstein, and N. Na’aman pres - both types of analysis shed significant light on the geopolitical sit - ent a compelling new combination of archaeological science, his - uation of the time. tory, and textual analysis. At the core of their work is an innova - e 384 pages of the book are divided into sixteen chapters, tive application of ceramic petrography and chemical analysis to an appendix, a supplement, references, and an index. -
Shifting Networks and Community Identity at Tell Tayinat in the Iron I (Ca
Shifting Networks and Community Identity at Tell Tayinat in the Iron I (ca. 12th to Mid 10th Century B.C.E.) , , , , , , , , Open Access on AJA Online Includes Supplementary Content on AJA Online The end of the 13th and beginning of the 12th centuries B.C.E. witnessed the demise of the great territorial states of the Bronze Age and, with them, the collapse of the ex- tensive interregional trade networks that fueled their wealth and power. The period that follows has historically been characterized as an era of cultural devolution marked by profound social and political disruption. This report presents the preliminary results of the Tayinat Archaeological Project (TAP) investigations of Iron I (ca. 12th to mid 10th century B.C.E.) contexts at Tell Tayinat, which would emerge from this putative Dark Age as Kunulua, royal capital of the Neo-Hittite kingdom of Palastin/Patina/Unqi. In contrast to the prevailing view, the results of the TAP investigations at Early Iron Age Tayinat reveal an affluent community actively interacting with a wide spectrum of re- gions throughout the eastern Mediterranean. The evidence from Tayinat also highlights the distinctively local, regional character of its cultural development and the need for a more nuanced treatment of the considerable regional variability evident in the eastern Mediterranean during this formative period, a treatment that recognizes the diversity of relational networks, communities, and cultural identities being forged in the generation of a new social and economic order.1 -
PLAIN of ANTIOCH III Oi.Uchicago.Edu
oi.uchicago.edu EXCAVATIONS IN THE PLAIN OF ANTIOCH III oi.uchicago.edu Back cover: View of Chatal Höyük from the northeast. Photo taken by Claude Prost, probably in the summer of 1932 oi.uchicago.edu iii EXCAVATIONS IN THE PLAIN OF ANTIOCH III STRATIGRAPHY, POTTERY, AND SMALL FINDS FROM CHATAL HÖYÜK IN THE AMUQ PLAIN MARINA PUCCI with appendices from J. A. BRINKMAN, E. GÖTTING, and G. HÖLBL THIS RESEARCH WAS CARRIED OUT THANKS TO THE FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF THE SHELBY WHITE-LEON LEVY FOUNDATION PART 1 | TEXT O R I E N TA L INSTITUTE PUBLICATIONS • VOLUME 143 THE O R I E N TA L INSTITUTE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO oi.uchicago.edu iv LCCN: 2019930795 ISBN-13: 978-1-61491-046-6 ISSN: 0069-3367 The Oriental Institute, Chicago ©2019 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. Published 2019. Printed in the United States of America. Oriental Institute Publications 143 Series Editors Charissa Johnson and Thomas G. Urban with the assistance of Rebecca Cain, Alexandra Cornacchia, Jaslyn Ramos, Emily Smith, and Steven Townshend Cover Illustration Painted potstand, Iron Age I (A26946, cat. no. 134). Illustration by Angela Altenhofen, coloring by Tiziana d’Este. Spine Illustration Scene incised on ostracon (A17370, cat. no. 1110). Illustration by Angela Altenhofen. Printed by Marquis Book Printing in Montmagny, Québec Canada through Four Colour Print Group. This paper meets the requirements of ansi/niso Z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper) oi.uchicago.edu v Table of Contents List of Tables .............................................................................. xiii List of Figures ..............................................................................xv Preface (James F. Osborne) ................................................................... -
Perceptions of Phoenician Identity and Material Culture As Reflected in Museum Records and Displays
Elusive Phoenicians | Perceptions of Phoenician identity and material culture as reflected in museum records and displays Lamia Sassine Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy September 2020 Acknowledgements First and foremost, this thesis goes to my parents, who have worked hard to ensure there was another doctor in the family (although probably not the kind they initially hoped for). Thank you for being my main sponsors and support. This work would also have been impossible without my amazing supervisors. Sue, it was an honour to be one of your last students, you have been a true hero to archaeology and working with you for three years made it very clear why. Jane, thank you for always being there on the more practical side of things and for always making time for me, academia needs you. I also owe a lot to every curator and archivist who made me feel welcome and fed this thesis with the information they gave me. These people are: Elena Aguilera Collado, Anne-Marie Afeiche, Carla Del Vais, Lucia Ferruzza, Lamia Fersi, Maria Grazia Griffo, Thomas Kiely, Aurora Ladero, Hélène Le Meaux, María Dolores López De La Orden, Reine Mady, Giuseppa Mizzaro, Sara Muscuso, José Ángel Palomares Samper, Despina Pilides, Manuela Puddu, Alicia Rodero, Virginia Salve, Concha San Martín, Giuliana Sara, Anna Satraki, Sharon Sultana, Pamela Toti, Jonathan Tubb, Juan Ignacio Vallejo Sánchez, Yiannis Violaris, and Eftychia Zachariou. Thank you to Hélène Sader for pushing me to pursue a PhD in the first place and seeing potential in me. -
Syllabus for the History of the Phoenicians, ACABS 591.002//491.003 Instructor: Eric Reymond; [email protected] Or [email protected] Office Hours: Wed
Syllabus for the History of the Phoenicians, ACABS 591.002//491.003 Instructor: Eric Reymond; [email protected] or [email protected] Office Hours: Wed. 12-2 @ Thayer 3155 Meeting Time: Mondays, 4-7 in MLB B134 The Phoenicians were a people who interacted with numerous groups and nations of the Ancient Near East, but whose interactions with peoples of the Mediterranean world are perhaps best known. For students of the Bible, the Phoenicians are commonly associated with the worship of Baal and with Canaanite culture. For students of the classical world, the Phoenicians are commonly associated with sailing, trade, and their alphabet, which they passed to the Greeks and others in the Mediterranean. In later times, the Phoenicians‘ colonies in North Africa fought with Rome for supremacy in the western Mediterranean. Throughout the first millennium B.C.E., Phoenicians and Phoenician culture were portrayed as alien, savage, and barbaric. This course will explore the political and cultural history of the Phoenicians. Especially important will be the early culture of the Phoenician city-states and their interactions with neighboring regions, including ancient Israel; the cultural exchanges between eastern and western Mediterranean regions; and the political conflicts between Carthage and Rome. In addition, the course will attempt to outline how Phoenicians were portrayed by their neighbors: the writers of the Bible, the writers of Greek and Roman history and literature. How these portrayals reflect the Phoenician themselves, as well as the interests and preconceptions of the writers will also be investigated. The course is open to undergraduate and graduate students. NO prior language experience in Phoenician, Greek, Latin, or Hebrew is necessary to take the course. -
The Mini-Columbarium in Carthage's Yasmina
THE MINI-COLUMBARIUM IN CARTHAGE’S YASMINA CEMETERY by CAITLIN CHIEN CLERKIN (Under the Direction of N. J. Norman) ABSTRACT The Mini-Columbarium in Carthage’s Roman-era Yasmina cemetery combines regional construction methods with a Roman architectural form to express the privileged status of its wealthy interred; this combination deploys monumental architectural language on a small scale. This late second or early third century C.E. tomb uses the very North African method of vaulting tubes, in development in this period, for an aggrandizing vaulted ceiling in a collective tomb type derived from the environs of Rome, the columbarium. The use of the columbarium type signals its patrons’ engagement with Roman mortuary trends—and so, with culture of the center of imperial power— to a viewer and imparts a sense of group membership to both interred and visitor. The type also, characteristically, provides an interior space for funerary ritual and commemoration, which both sets the Mini-Columbarium apart at Yasmina and facilitates normative Roman North African funerary ritual practice, albeit in a communal context. INDEX WORDS: Funerary monument(s), Funerary architecture, Mortuary architecture, Construction, Vaulting, Vaulting tubes, Funerary ritual, Funerary commemoration, Carthage, Roman, Roman North Africa, North Africa, Columbarium, Collective burial, Social identity. THE MINI-COLUMBARIUM IN CARTHAGE’S YASMINA CEMETERY by CAITLIN CHIEN CLERKIN A.B., Bowdoin College, 2011 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Georgia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF ARTS ATHENS, GEORGIA 2013 © 2013 Caitlin Chien Clerkin All Rights Reserved. THE MINI-COLUMBARIUM IN CARTHAGE’S YASMINA CEMETERY by CAITLIN CHIEN CLERKIN Major Professor: Naomi J. -
Epigraphic Evidence for Boundary Disputes in the Roman Empire
EPIGRAPHIC EVIDENCE FOR BOUNDARY DISPUTES IN THE ROMAN EMPIRE by Thomas Elliott A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2004 Approved by _____________________________________ Advisor: Professor Richard Talbert _____________________________________ Reader: Professor Jerzy Linderski _____________________________________ Reader: Professor Mary Boatwright _____________________________________ Reader: Professor George Houston _____________________________________ Reader: Professor Melissa Bullard ii This page intentionally left blank. iii © 2004 Thomas Elliott ALL RIGHTS RESERVED iv This page intentionally left blank. v ABSTRACT THOMAS ELLIOTT: Epigraphic Evidence for Boundary Disputes in the Roman Empire (Under the direction of Richard Talbert) This dissertation presents all published Greek and Latin epigraphic documents relating to internal boundary disputes of the Roman empire. In date, it spans the period from 2 BC to the third century AD. Spatially, the documents derive from 12 provinces ( Achaia, Africa, Asia, Baetica, Cilicia, Creta et Cyrene, Dalmatia, Iudaea, Lusitania, Macedonia, Moesia and Syria ), plus Italy. The presentation of each includes a text, English translation, bibliography and commentary. Analytical chapters expand upon recent published work by G. Burton and B. Campbell. Terminological analysis permits classification of epigraphic and literary evidence into five categories: boundary disputes, restoration of public and sacred lands, other land disputes, the assignment of boundaries and other authoritative demarcations involving Roman officials. The analysis also provides a more focused definition of several Latin and Greek words that indicate the delivery of a verdict by a Roman official ( decretum, sententia, iudicium, ἀποφάσις, κρίσις, ἐπικρίμα ). -
Presence and Residence of Near Easterners in Crete During the Iron Age
PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences ISSN 2454-5899 Sogas, 2018 Volume 4 Issue 1, pp.456-476 Date of Publication: 29th March 2018 DOI-https://dx.doi.org/10.20319/pijss.2018.41.456476 This paper can be cited as: Sogas, J. M. (2018). Presence and Residence Of Near Easterners in Crete during the Iron Age. PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences, 4(1), 456-476 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042, USA. PRESENCE AND RESIDENCE OF NEAR EASTERNERS IN CRETE DURING THE IRON AGE Judith Muñoz Sogas Institut Universitari d’Història Jaume Vicens Vives (Universitat Pompeu Fabra) and Deparment of Archaeology (University of Sheffield), Barcelona, Spain [email protected] ______________________________________________________________________ Abstract Since Prehistory, human beings have migrated from one place to another in order to meet their needs. The Iron Age saw an increase of interactions in the Mediterranean Sea. Archaeological settlements of the island of Crete (Greece), such as Knossos, Eleutherna or the Idaean Cave, have provided Near Eastern material that suggests these contacts. The finds indicate the presence of Near Easterners in the island (figurines of Egyptian gods from Knossos show the transmission of oriental religion; North Syrian ivory furniture found at the Idaean Cave and oriental bronzes manufactured at Eleutherna imply a Near Easter craftsmen working there), but also their residence (attested by “cippi”, an oriental mortuary practice). -
A Provenance Study of Mycenaean Pottery from Northern Israel
Journal of Archaeological Science 37 (2010) 409–416 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Archaeological Science journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jas A provenance study of Mycenaean pottery from Northern Israel Sharon Zuckerman a,*, David Ben-Shlomo a, Penelope A. Mountjoy b, Hans Mommsen c a The Institute of Archaeology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem 91905, Israel b The British School at Athens, Athens, Greece c Helmholtz-Institut fu¨r Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universita¨t Bonn, Nussalle 14-16, Bonn 53115, Germany article info abstract Article history: The occurrence of imported Mycenaean pottery in the Late Bronze Age southern Levant is one of the Received 10 June 2009 most conspicuous aspects of Eastern Mediterranean trade connections during this period. A group of 183 Received in revised form Mycenaean pottery vessels from 14 sites in northern Israel, from both coastal and inland settlement 23 September 2009 contexts were analyzed by Neutron Activation Analysis. The results indicate that the vast majority of Accepted 3 October 2009 these vessels have a similar profile and can be provenanced to the north-eastern Peloponnese or more specifically, to the Mycenae/Berbati workshop in the Argolid. Possible interpretations of these results are Keywords: presented and discussed against the historical and cultural background of the Late Bronze Age Eastern Mycenaean pottery Southern Levant Mediterranean. Late Bronze Age Mediterranean trade Ó 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.