The Search for Clues to Abiogenesis on Mars 2 3 Joseph R
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Geochemistry - (2021-2022 Catalog) 1
Geochemistry - (2021-2022 Catalog) 1 GEGN586 NUMERICAL MODELING OF GEOCHEMICAL 3.0 Geochemistry SYSTEMS GEOL512 MINERALOGY AND CRYSTAL CHEMISTRY 3.0 Degrees Offered GEOL513 HYDROTHERMAL GEOCHEMISTRY 3.0 • Master of Science (Geochemistry) GEOL523 REFLECTED LIGHT AND ELECTRON 2.0 MICROSCOPY * • Doctor of Philosophy (Geochemistry) GEOL535 LITHO ORE FORMING PROCESSES 1.0 • Certificate in Analytical Geochemistry GEOL540 ISOTOPE GEOCHEMISTRY AND 3.0 • Professional Masters in Analytical Geochemistry (non-thesis) GEOCHRONOLOGY • Professional Masters in Environmental Geochemistry (non-thesis) GEGN530 CLAY CHARACTERIZATION 2.0 Program Description GEGX571 GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION 3.0 The Graduate Program in Geochemistry is an interdisciplinary program * Students can add one additional credit of independent study with the mission to educate students whose interests lie at the (GEOL599) for XRF methods which is taken concurrently with intersection of the geological and chemical sciences. The Geochemistry GEOL523. Program consists of two subprograms, administering two M.S. and Ph.D. degree tracks, two Professional Master's (non-thesis) degree programs, Master of Science (Geochemistry degree track) students must also and a Graduate Certificate. The Geochemistry (GC) degree track pertains complete an appropriate thesis, based upon original research they have to the history and evolution of the Earth and its features, including but not conducted. A thesis proposal and course of study must be approved by limited to the chemical evolution of the crust and -
Intelligent Design, Abiogenesis, and Learning from History: Dennis R
Author Exchange Intelligent Design, Abiogenesis, and Learning from History: Dennis R. Venema A Reply to Meyer Dennis R. Venema Weizsäcker’s book The World View of Physics is still keeping me very busy. It has again brought home to me quite clearly how wrong it is to use God as a stop-gap for the incompleteness of our knowledge. If in fact the frontiers of knowledge are being pushed back (and that is bound to be the case), then God is being pushed back with them, and is therefore continually in retreat. We are to find God in what we know, not in what we don’t know; God wants us to realize his presence, not in unsolved problems but in those that are solved. Dietrich Bonhoeffer1 am thankful for this opportunity to nature, is the result of intelligence. More- reply to Stephen Meyer’s criticisms over, this assertion is proffered as the I 2 of my review of his book Signature logical basis for inferring design for the in the Cell (hereafter Signature). Meyer’s origin of biological information: if infor- critiques of my review fall into two gen- mation only ever arises from intelli- eral categories. First, he claims I mistook gence, then the mere presence of Signature for an argument against bio- information demonstrates design. A few logical evolution, rendering several of examples from Signature make the point my arguments superfluous. Secondly, easily: Meyer asserts that I have failed to refute … historical scientists can show that his thesis by not providing a “causally a presently acting cause must have adequate alternative explanation” for the been present in the past because the origin of life in that the few relevant cri- proposed candidate is the only known tiques I do provide are “deeply flawed.” cause of the effect in question. -
Organic Geochemistry
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ZENODO Organic Geochemistry Organic Geochemistry 37 (2006) 1–11 www.elsevier.com/locate/orggeochem Review Organic geochemistry – A retrospective of its first 70 years q Keith A. Kvenvolden * U.S. Geological Survey, 345 Middlefield Road, MS 999, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA Received 1 September 2005; accepted 1 September 2005 Available online 18 October 2005 Abstract Organic geochemistry had its origin in the early part of the 20th century when organic chemists and geologists realized that detailed information on the organic materials in sediments and rocks was scientifically interesting and of practical importance. The generally acknowledged ‘‘father’’ of organic geochemistry is Alfred E. Treibs (1899–1983), who discov- ered and described, in 1936, porphyrin pigments in shale, coal, and crude oil, and traced the source of these molecules to their biological precursors. Thus, the year 1936 marks the beginning of organic geochemistry. However, formal organiza- tion of organic geochemistry dates from 1959 when the Organic Geochemistry Division (OGD) of The Geochemical Soci- ety was founded in the United States, followed 22 years later (1981) by the establishment of the European Association of Organic Geochemists (EAOG). Organic geochemistry (1) has its own journal, Organic Geochemistry (beginning in 1979) which, since 1988, is the official journal of the EAOG, (2) convenes two major conferences [International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry (IMOG), since 1962, and Gordon Research Conferences on Organic Geochemistry (GRC), since 1968] in alternate years, and (3) is the subject matter of several textbooks. -
Impacts of a Comprehensive Public Engagement Training and Support Program on Scientists’ Outreach Attitudes and Practices
International Journal of Science Education, Part B Communication and Public Engagement ISSN: 2154-8455 (Print) 2154-8463 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rsed20 Impacts of a comprehensive public engagement training and support program on scientists’ outreach attitudes and practices Cathlyn Stylinski, Martin Storksdieck, Nicolette Canzoneri, Eve Klein & Anna Johnson To cite this article: Cathlyn Stylinski, Martin Storksdieck, Nicolette Canzoneri, Eve Klein & Anna Johnson (2018): Impacts of a comprehensive public engagement training and support program on scientists’ outreach attitudes and practices, International Journal of Science Education, Part B, DOI: 10.1080/21548455.2018.1506188 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/21548455.2018.1506188 Published online: 31 Aug 2018. Submit your article to this journal View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=rsed20 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENCE EDUCATION, PART B https://doi.org/10.1080/21548455.2018.1506188 Impacts of a comprehensive public engagement training and support program on scientists’ outreach attitudes and practices Cathlyn Stylinski a, Martin Storksdieck b, Nicolette Canzonerib, Eve Kleinc and Anna Johnson c aUMCES, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science Appalachian Laboratory, Frostburg, MD, USA; bCenter for Research on Lifelong STEM Learning, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA; cInstitute for Learning Innovation, Seattle, WA, USA ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY Scientists are increasingly being called upon to play a more prominent role Received 1 November 2017 in the interface of science and society by contributing to science literacy in Accepted 24 July 2018 ways that support two-way exchanges with the public. -
THE INDY STEM TEACHER RESIDENCY PROGRAM: a Teacher Quality Partnership Between Indianapolis Public Schools and Purdue University
Table of Contents QUALITY OF THE PROJECT DESIGN 1-29 1.Extent to which the proposed project demonstrates a rationale 3-7 (a) Needs Assessment data 4-6 AppC (b) Project will prepare teachers with strong teaching skills 1-29 2.Goals, objectives, and outcomes are clearly specified and measurable 42-44 3.Project is designed to build capacity / yield results that extend beyond project period 29 4.Project represents exceptional approach for meeting statutory purposes/requirements 1-29 (c) Program will prepare teachers to understand/use research data to improve instruction 1-29 (f5i) Program aligns with state early learning standards… 1-29 ADEQUACY OF RESOURCES 29-33 1. Adequacy of support, including facilities, equipment, supplies, and other resources 29-33 (e1) Assessment describing resources, including integration of funds from other sources 29-33 (e2) Assessment that describes the intended use of the grant funds 33 2. Relevance/demonstrated commitment of partners to project implementation/success 33 (e3) Commitment of resources and to the continuation of activities when the grant ends 29-33 QUALITY OF MANAGEMENT PLAN 33-41 1. Adequacy of management plan to achieve objectives on time/within budget, 33-39, including clearly defined responsibilities, timelines, and milestones for AppJ accomplishing tasks (d1) Coordination of strategies/activities with funded teacher preparation or PD prog 13 (d2) How activities are consistent with State, local, and other education reform activities 8, 18- 19,21- that promote teacher quality and student academic -
GTL PI Meeting 2003 Presentation Nealson
USCUSC Geobiology Astrobiology Ken Nealson Wrigley Professor of Geobiology USC SHEWANELLA and Genomes to Life !! THE FUTURE!! WHERE ARE WE GOING? HOW WILL WE GET THERE? WHAT ARE THE CHALLENGES AND TRAPS? USCUSC Geobiology Astrobiology Genomes to Life: Shewanella and the future !! Genomes & Genomics: For sake of this discussion, I include Genome composition, gene expression, & metabolism Genomics Physiology Ecophsyiology Ecology Predictable Community Behavior Successful Manipulation of Natural Communities USCUSC Geobiology Astrobiology Shewanella in the future: Short Term: Genomic/Proteomic/Metabolic Connections Linkage of physiology to genomic information Mid Term: Ecophysiology Questions regarding regulation of MR-1 How does the cell”work”? Linkage of laboratory to microcosm and field data Long Term: Community structure and activities Genetic variability and use of genomic approaches Predictable community ecology The “old view” of Shewanella oneidensis Gamma Purple proteobacteria MR-1; when Isolated was One of ~10, Now >50 ! USCUSC Geobiology Astrobiology The “new view” of Shewanella Now MR-1 is again one of 1, although a strain of S. benthica is almost finished by a Japanese group (JAMSTEC) USCUSC Geobiology Astrobiology Excitement of the “new view”: May be able to use this information to dissect specific aspects of both ecology and evolution: Ecology: Involved in many different redox processes Aerobic and anaerobic niches Metal cycling connected with carbon cycling Potential for dealing with many toxic metals and radionuclides Can we understand Shewanella well enough to begin to use it? what it does how it does it how it regulates how it interacts with other organisms All of this well enough to make predictions that work. -
Bayesian Analysis of the Astrobiological Implications of Life's
Bayesian analysis of the astrobiological implications of life's early emergence on Earth David S. Spiegel ∗ y, Edwin L. Turner y z ∗Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ 08540,yDept. of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ 08544, USA, and zInstitute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, The Univ. of Tokyo, Kashiwa 227-8568, Japan Submitted to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Life arose on Earth sometime in the first few hundred million years Any inferences about the probability of life arising (given after the young planet had cooled to the point that it could support the conditions present on the early Earth) must be informed water-based organisms on its surface. The early emergence of life by how long it took for the first living creatures to evolve. By on Earth has been taken as evidence that the probability of abiogen- definition, improbable events generally happen infrequently. esis is high, if starting from young-Earth-like conditions. We revisit It follows that the duration between events provides a metric this argument quantitatively in a Bayesian statistical framework. By (however imperfect) of the probability or rate of the events. constructing a simple model of the probability of abiogenesis, we calculate a Bayesian estimate of its posterior probability, given the The time-span between when Earth achieved pre-biotic condi- data that life emerged fairly early in Earth's history and that, billions tions suitable for abiogenesis plus generally habitable climatic of years later, curious creatures noted this fact and considered its conditions [5, 6, 7] and when life first arose, therefore, seems implications. -
Lecture 2 Our Place in the Universe (Cont'd)
Astronomy 110 –1 Lecture 2 Our Place in the Universe (Cont’d) 14/01/09 1 Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. A few useful mathematical skills 14/01/09 2 Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Powers of ten 103 = 10 x 10 x 10 = 1000 102 = 10 x 10 = 100 101 = 10 100 = 1 10-1 = 1/10 = 0.1 10-2 = 1/10 x 1/10 = 0.01 10-3 = 1/10 x 1/10 x 1/10 = 0.001 Then: 300 = 3 x 100 = 3 x 102 2,500 = 2.5 x 1000 = 2.5 x 103 14/01/09 3 Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Multiplying & dividing 101 x 101 = 100 = 102 101 x 102 = 10 x 100 = 1000 = 103 102 x 102 = 100 x 100 = 10000 = 104 When multiplying two powers of ten, add the exponents 1000 ÷ 100 = 103 ÷ 102 = 10 = 101 10 ÷ 10 = 101 ÷ 101 = 1 = 100 10 ÷ 100 = 101 ÷ 102 = 1/10 = 10-1 When dividing, subtract exponent of divisor from exponent of numerator 14/01/09 4 Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Powers and roots (104)3 = 104 x 104 x 104 = 1012 Rule of thumb: when raising to a power, multiply exponents What about √(104)? √(104) = 102 taking roots is the same as raising to a fractional power, in this case 1/2 power: √(104) = (104)1/2 = 102 √ is the same as raising to 1/2 power 3√ is the same as raising to 1/3 power 4√ is the same as raising to 1/4 power 14/01/09 5 Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. -
Foundations of Complex Life: Evolution, Preservation and Detection on Earth and Beyond
National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA Astrobiology Institute Annual Science Report 2016 Team Report: Foundations of Complex Life: Evolution, Preservation and Detection on Earth and Beyond, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Foundations of Complex Life Evolution, Preservation and Detection on Earth and Beyond Lead Institution: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Team Overview Foundations of Complex Life is a research project investigating the early evolution and preservation of complex life on Earth. We seek insight into the early evolution and preservation of complex life by refining our ability to identify evidence of environmental and biological change in the late Mesoproterozoic to Neoproterozoic eras. Better understanding how signatures of life and environment are preserved will guide how and where to look for evidence for life elsewhere in the universe—directly supporting the Curiosity mission on Mars and helping set strategic goals for future explorations of the Solar System and studies of the early Earth. Our Team pursues these questions under five themes: I. The earliest history of animals: We use methods from molecular biology, experimental taphonomy, and paleontology to explore what caused the early divergence of animals. Principal Investigator: II. Paleontology, sedimentology, and geochemistry: We track the origin of complex Roger Summons protists and animals from their biologically simple origins by documenting the stratigraphy, isotopic records, and microfossil assemblages of well-preserved rock successions from 1200 to 650 million years ago. III. A preservation-induced oxygen tipping point: We investigate how changes in the preservation of organic carbon may have driven the Neoproterozoic oxygenation of the oceans coincident with the appearance of complex life. -
Thoughts in Geobiology
Journal of Geology and Mining Research Vol. 1(8), October, 2009 Available online http://www.academicjournals.org/jgmr ISSN 2006 – 9766 © 2009 Academic Journals Editorial Thoughts in Geobiology One of the possible ways to make connection between geologists and biologists is through studying subjects related to the newly established trend “Geobiology”. In the year 1972, Sylvester-Bradley stated that the Earth sciences include not only geology, but the hybrid-sciences geophysics, geochemistry and geobiology, of which the most complex and least rigorous is geobiology. Kump (2008) simply defined geobiology as the field that has recently energized the life and Earth sciences as geologists and biologists bring new tools to collaborations addressing fundamental problems that transcend the disciplines. The book edited by Xiao and Kaufman (2007) includes a set of multidisciplinary reviews on the Neoproterozoic fossil record (animals, algae, acritarchs, protists, and trace fossils), evolutionary developmental biology of animals, molecular clock estimates of phylogenetic divergences, and Neoproterozoic chemostratigraphy and sedimentary geology. The editors of this book believe that these topics are of continuing interest to geoscientists and bioscientists who are intrigued by the deep history of the Earth and its inhabitants. Yildirim et al. (2008) believe that microbial systems in extreme environments and in the deep biosphere may be analogous to potential life on other planetary bodies and hence may be used to investigate the possibilities of extraterrestrial life. I would add that astrobiologists are working on this point through studying materials from Mars. Through geobiology we search for origins and evolution of life, atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere and biosphere, reasons of mass extinctions, interactions between microbes and minerals, global changes, and other subjects of interest. -
Speculative Geology
15 Speculative Geology DALE E. SNOW We are not at peace with nature now. Whether it is the record-setting rain on the east coast or the raging wildfires in the west, distant news of melting permafrost or bleaching coral reefs, or the unexpected eruption of Mount Kilauea a few miles from here, things seem increasingly, and increasingly violently, out of control. I would like to suggest that there are resources in Schelling’s Naturphilosophie we can use in the twenty-first century to help us think differently about both the power of nature and our own relationship to it. Although Schelling saw himself, and was seen by many, as antagonistic toward the mechanical science of his own time, it would be a mistake—and a missed opportunity—to see his view as a mere Romantic reaction. It is a speculative rethinking of the idea of nature itself that finds a place for even those phenomena which seem most distant and alien. Schelling described his philosophy of nature as “speculative physics” both to distinguish it from what he calls the dogmatic or mechanistic model of nature, and to announce a new approach to natural science, concerned with the original causes of motion in nature (SW III: 275). Since every “natural phenomenon … stands in connection with the last conditions of nature” (SW III: 279), speculative physics can bring us to an understanding of nature as a system. Geology presents an illuminating case of this approach, as can be seen from Schelling’s characteristically enthusiastic introduction to a paper published by Henrik Steffens in Schelling’sJournal of Speculative Physics (Zeitschrift für speculative Physik) on the oxidization and deoxidization of the earth.1 After praising Steffens’ work on a new and better founded science of geology, Schelling reflects darkly on the too long dominant mechanical approach to geology. -
Critical Analysis of Article "21 Reasons to Believe the Earth Is Young" by Jeff Miller
1 Critical analysis of article "21 Reasons to Believe the Earth is Young" by Jeff Miller Lorence G. Collins [email protected] Ken Woglemuth [email protected] January 7, 2019 Introduction The article by Dr. Jeff Miller can be accessed at the following link: http://apologeticspress.org/APContent.aspx?category=9&article=5641 and is an article published by Apologetic Press, v. 39, n.1, 2018. The problems start with the Article In Brief in the boxed paragraph, and with the very first sentence. The Bible does not give an age of the Earth of 6,000 to 10,000 years, or even imply − this is added to Scripture by Dr. Miller and other young-Earth creationists. R. C. Sproul was one of evangelicalism's outstanding theologians, and he stated point blank at the Legionier Conference panel discussion that he does not know how old the Earth is, and the Bible does not inform us. When there has been some apparent conflict, either the theologians or the scientists are wrong, because God is the Author of the Bible and His handiwork is in general revelation. In the days of Copernicus and Galileo, the theologians were wrong. Today we do not know of anyone who believes that the Earth is the center of the universe. 2 The last sentence of this "Article In Brief" is boldly false. There is almost no credible evidence from paleontology, geology, astrophysics, or geophysics that refutes deep time. Dr. Miller states: "The age of the Earth, according to naturalists and old- Earth advocates, is 4.5 billion years.