DOCSLIB.ORG

00-Pages4 16-12-05 Forpdf.Indd

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
00-Pages4 16-12-05 Forpdf.Indd Shining a spotlight on the biodiversity of New Zealand’s marine ecoregion BIODIVERSITY – NEW ZEALAND’S MARINE ECOREGION ■ 1 Shining a spotlight on the biodiversity of New Zealand’s marine ecoregion Experts Workshop on Marine Biodiversity 27-28 May 2003 Wellington New Zealand Allison Arnold, Editor WWF-New Zealand TO CONTENTS➲ Shining a spotlight on the biodiversity of New Zealand’s marine ecoregion Experts Workshop on Marine Biodiversity. 27-28 May 2003, Wellington, New Zealand Edited by Allison Arnold WWF-New Zealand PO Box 6237 Wellington New Zealand (64) 4 499 2930 www.wwf.org.nz ©2004 WWF-New Zealand ISBN 0-9582592-1-6 (with corrections 2005) ISBN 0-9582592-0-8 (print version, reprinted with corrections 2005) This publication should be cited as follows: Arnold, A. (ed.) 2004. Shining a spotlight on the biodiversity of New Zealand’s marine ecoregion: Experts workshop on marine biodiversity, 27-28 May 2003, Wellington, New Zealand. WWF-New Zealand, Welling- ton. Reproduction, adaptation, or issuing of this publication for educational or other non- commercial purposes, by electronic or any other means, is authorised without prior permission of the copyright holder(s). Any reproduction in full or in part of this publication must mention the title and credit WWF-New Zealand as the copyright owner. Reproduction, adaptation, or issuing of this publication, by electronic or any other means, for re-sale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without the prior permission of the copyright holder(s). ®WWF-World Wide Fund For Nature (Formerly World Wildlife Fund) Registered Trademark Cover images were kindly supplied by (clockwise from top): • northern royal albatross – ©2004 DOC, Te Papa Atawhai/AE Wright; • Hector’s dolphins – ©2004 Will Rayment; • yellow-eyed penguin – ©2004 DOC, Te Papa Atawhai/R Morris; • invertebrate assemblages – ©2004 Franz Smith; • blue cod – ©2004 DOC, Te Papa Atawhai/P Ryan; • eagle ray – ©2004 DOC, Te Papa Atawhai. TO CONTENTS➲ Contents Acknowledgments 2 Executive Summary 3 1.0 Introduction 5 1.1 The biological diversity of New Zealand’s marine ecoregion 5 1.2 Scope of this report and relation to other information initiatives in New Zealand 6 1.3 WWF and the Ecoregion Approach to Conservation 6 1.4 The New Zealand Marine Ecoregion 7 2.0 Methods 9 2.1 Defining and identifying key biodiversity areas and features 9 2.2 Identifying information gaps and other obstacles to assessing marine biodiversity 11 2.3 Identifying future steps for the assessment and conservation of biodiversity; and formulating a statement from the workshop participants 11 3.0 Results 13 3.1 The Oceanography of the New Zealand Marine Ecoregion 15 3.2 Cetaceans, seals, and seabirds 19 3.3 Fishes 33 3.4 Benthic invertebrates, algae, and plants 47 3.5 Information gaps and other obstacles to assessing marine biodiversity 74 3.6 Future steps for the assessment/conservation of biodiversity; and a common statement for the conservation of New Zealand’s marine biodiversity 74 4.0 Discussion 77 5.0 References 79 Appendix 1: WWF Methodology for selection of the Global 200 ecoregions 81 Appendix 2: Information-based initiatives underway for New Zealand’s marine environment 82 Appendix 3: Workshop reporting form (Biodiversity Assessment Site Form) 83 Appendix 4: Workshop participants 84 BIODIVERSITY – NEW ZEALAND’S MARINE ECOREGION ■ 1 Acknowledgments This report was prepared by Allison Robinson, Parker Jones, Michelle Cooper, Arnold, the co-ordinator for the New and Oli Helm of Eagle Technology; Zealand Marine Ecoregion. Vaughn Stagpoole and Kelly Beuth at the Institute of Geological and Nuclear The workshop was organised and funded Sciences (IGNS); Bronwen Golder of by WWF-New Zealand with contributions WWF International; Ruth Gregg, Jo from Oceans Policy and the WWF Breese, Chris Howe, Miriam Richardson, International Ecoregion Partnerships and Angela Heck of WWF-New Zealand, Grant. Kurt Buri of Buri Graphics; and Simon Childerhouse, Martin Cryer, Peter Publication of the workshop report was McMillan, Paul Sagar, Nick Shears, and funded by the Ministry of Fisheries. Franz Smith. The results of the workshop are due to the collaborative efforts of the marine Many other people contributed to experts (Appendix 4) who contributed the success of the workshop and the their scientific knowledge and committed preparation of the report. many hours to produce the outputs. Many thanks are due to the National Institute of This report aims to be an accurate Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), record of the discussions and material The National Museum of New Zealand generated at the Marine Biodiversity – Te Papa Tongarewa, The Department Workshop held on the 27–28 May 2003, of Conservation (DoC), the University and during subsequent expert review. of Otago, Environment Waikato, and the The content of this publication does not Queensland Museum for releasing their necessarily reflect the views of WWF or staff, and to the individuals for their time. the workshop participants’ employers, or other organisations that have supported WWF-New Zealand would also like to this process. thank the following for their valuable contributions: Glen Lauder and Sarah Wilson of Common Ground; Peng Aik Lim, Nick 2 ■ BIODIVERSITY – NEW ZEALAND’S MARINE ECOREGION Executive Summary The distinctive nature of New Zealand’s literature. Biodiversity features that do marine biodiversity has led to its not lend themselves readily to discrete identification by WWF as one of 238 geographic representation were reported, ecoregions (collectively known as the but were not illustrated on the maps. The Global 200) that are global priorities for oceanographers worked separately to conservation action. An ecoregion is a report on the physical processes operating large area of land or water that contains in New Zealand’s marine environment. a geographically distinct assemblage of natural communities that share a large Experts identified areas of deepwater majority of their species, ecological emergence in Fiordland and Marlborough dynamics, and environmental conditions. Sound where species are found at Planning at the large scale of the ecoregion unusually shallow depths due to the is consistent with an ecosystem-based unique physical characteristics of these approach to management. The ecoregion environments. They noted the high approach promotes conservation efforts in productivity of the hydrographically accordance with ecological processes and complex Chatham Rise, the remarkable systems rather than along administrative invertebrate diversity of Spirits Bay, and boundaries, thereby creating new the expanding coverage of mangroves conservation opportunities. in northern New Zealand. Seabird experts highlighted the importance of With the long-term aim of contributing to the subantarctic and Chatham Islands marine biodiversity conservation, WWF- as global hotspots for bird diversity, and New Zealand established the New Zealand the importance of migration corridors Marine Ecoregion Initiative in 2003, around New Zealand. Marine mammal which is part of WWF’s global approach experts marked the canyon and trench to mobilise conservation efforts in priority systems running from Kaikoura Canyon regions of the world. In response to northwards as attractive foraging areas the need for an independent, scientific for deep-diving cetacean species, such assessment of New Zealand’s marine as sperm whales. Overall, the work of biodiversity, WWF-New Zealand convened the marine scientists shines a spotlight marine scientists for an expert workshop on key areas for biodiversity in New that was held from 27-28 May 2003. The Zealand’s marine environment, contributes 22 workshop participants, who came to the greater body of knowledge of the from around the New Zealand region, ecoregion’s marine biodiversity, and hold expertise in taxonomy, ecology, makes such knowledge available in a oceanography, and conservation. They summarised and accessible form. collectively have specialist knowledge across a wide range of marine organisms The results of the workshop are and habitats in New Zealand. constrained by the limited biological sampling that has been conducted in New During the workshop participants divided Zealand’s marine environment. In addition into three subgroups that corresponded to identifying areas that are thought to with the types of biota for which they be important for marine biodiversity, had specialist knowledge: cetaceans, workshop participants identified some of seals, and seabirds; fish; and benthic the gaps in the knowledge base. Much invertebrates, algae, and plants. Guided effort has been put into research on the by a set of criteria that they had developed spatial distribution of marine organisms, in the first session of the workshop, and but there is still under-representation in furnished with bathymetric maps of the sampling efforts, such as for all species New Zealand region, the participants and habitats deeper than 1,500m, and for delineated key areas for the biodiversity specimens smaller than 2mm. Information of their respective biotic groups. Each deficiencies for ecosystem processes, area was coupled with a description of such as trophic interactions, population its physical and biological attributes, the dynamics, and recruitment are even state of information, and references to the greater. Participants expressed particular BIODIVERSITY – NEW ZEALAND’S MARINE ECOREGION ■ 3 concern about the challenge of addressing recognised that scientists have pathways information gaps given the scarcity
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Natural Areas of Aupouri Ecological District
    5. Summary and conclusions The Protected Natural Areas network in the Aupouri Ecological District is summarised in Table 1. Including the area of the three harbours, approximately 26.5% of the natural areas of the Aupouri Ecological District are formally protected, which is equivalent to about 9% of the total area of the Ecological District. Excluding the three harbours, approximately 48% of the natural areas of the Aupouri Ecological District are formally protected, which is equivalent to about 10.7% of the total area of the Ecological District. Protected areas are made up primarily of Te Paki Dunes, Te Arai dunelands, East Beach, Kaimaumau, Lake Ohia, and Tokerau Beach. A list of ecological units recorded in the Aupouri Ecological District and their current protection status is set out in Table 2 (page 300), and a summary of the site evaluations is given in Table 3 (page 328). TABLE 1. PROTECTED NATURAL AREA NETWORK IN THE AUPOURI ECOLOGICAL DISTRICT (areas in ha). Key: CC = Conservation Covenant; QEII = Queen Elizabeth II National Trust covenant; SL = Stewardship Land; SR = Scenic Reserve; EA = Ecological Area; WMR = Wildlife Management Reserve; ScR = Scientific Reserve; RR = Recreation Reserve; MS = Marginal Strip; NR = Nature Reserve; HR = Historic Reserve; FNDC = Far North District Council Reserve; RFBPS = Royal Forest and Bird Protection Society Site Survey Status Total Total no. CC QEII SL SR EA WMR ScR RR MS NR HR FNDC RFBPS prot. site area area Te Paki Dunes N02/013 1871 1871 1936 Te Paki Stream N02/014 41.5 41.5 43 Parengarenga
    [Show full text]
  • Under the Resource Management Act 1991 and in the Matter of The
    BEFORE THE NORTHLAND REGIONAL COUNCIL Under The Resource Management Act 1991 And In the matter of The Proposed Regional Plan for Northland Statement of evidence of Clinton Anthony John Duffy on behalf of the Minister of Conservation Dated 10 August 2018 Department of Conservation P O Box 10 420 WELLINGTON Solicitors acting: May Downing/Katherine Anton Telephone: 027 564 1428 Email: [email protected] 1 Introduction 1. My full name is Clinton Anthony John Duffy. 2. I am employed by the Department of Conservation (DOC), Marine Ecosystems Team as a Technical Advisor - Marine. I have worked for Department of Conservation since June 1989. I have 29 years’ experience in coastal and marine management, policy and research. I was employed by the Nelson/Marlborough Conservancy, DOC, to lead a dive survey of the Marlborough Sounds in 1989 and have held a variety of marine and marine and freshwater technical support and scientific positions within DOC since then. I am a member of the New Zealand Marine Sciences Society, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Shark Specialist Group – Australia and Oceania, and the Oceania Chondrichthyan Society. I am also a Marine Associate of the Auckland War Memorial Museum and an expert reviewer for Marine Conservation Action Fund, New England Aquarium. I have authored or co-authored more than 70 scientific papers and reports on aspects of marine species biology, marine ecology and biogeography, and marine protected areas. 3. My qualifications are an M.Sc. (Hons) in Zoology from the University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand (1990). I am currently enrolled as a Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • LCSH Section H
    H (The sound) H.P. 15 (Bomber) Giha (African people) [P235.5] USE Handley Page V/1500 (Bomber) Ikiha (African people) BT Consonants H.P. 42 (Transport plane) Kiha (African people) Phonetics USE Handley Page H.P. 42 (Transport plane) Waha (African people) H-2 locus H.P. 80 (Jet bomber) BT Ethnology—Tanzania UF H-2 system USE Victor (Jet bomber) Hāʾ (The Arabic letter) BT Immunogenetics H.P. 115 (Supersonic plane) BT Arabic alphabet H 2 regions (Astrophysics) USE Handley Page 115 (Supersonic plane) HA 132 Site (Niederzier, Germany) USE H II regions (Astrophysics) H.P.11 (Bomber) USE Hambach 132 Site (Niederzier, Germany) H-2 system USE Handley Page Type O (Bomber) HA 500 Site (Niederzier, Germany) USE H-2 locus H.P.12 (Bomber) USE Hambach 500 Site (Niederzier, Germany) H-8 (Computer) USE Handley Page Type O (Bomber) HA 512 Site (Niederzier, Germany) USE Heathkit H-8 (Computer) H.P.50 (Bomber) USE Hambach 512 Site (Niederzier, Germany) H-19 (Military transport helicopter) USE Handley Page Heyford (Bomber) HA 516 Site (Niederzier, Germany) USE Chickasaw (Military transport helicopter) H.P. Sutton House (McCook, Neb.) USE Hambach 516 Site (Niederzier, Germany) H-34 Choctaw (Military transport helicopter) USE Sutton House (McCook, Neb.) Ha-erh-pin chih Tʻung-chiang kung lu (China) USE Choctaw (Military transport helicopter) H.R. 10 plans USE Ha Tʻung kung lu (China) H-43 (Military transport helicopter) (Not Subd Geog) USE Keogh plans Ha family (Not Subd Geog) UF Huskie (Military transport helicopter) H.R.D. motorcycle Here are entered works on families with the Kaman H-43 Huskie (Military transport USE Vincent H.R.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Larval Genome Transfer: Hybridogenesis in Animal Phylogeny
    Symbiosis DOI 10.1007/s13199-011-0106-6 Larval genome transfer: hybridogenesis in animal phylogeny Donald Irving Williamson Received: 15 October 2010 /Accepted: 4 January 2011 # The Author(s) 2011. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract My larval transfer hypothesis asserts that mature Keywords Saltatory evolution . Sequential and concurrent adults became larvae in foreign animal lineages by genome chimeras . Hybridization . Recapitulation . Planctospheres . acquisition. Larval genomes were acquired by hybridization Echinoderms . Hemichordates . Lophotrochozoans when sperm of one animal fertilized eggs of another animal, often remotely related. There were no larvae in any phylum until the classes (and, in some cases, the 1 Background and significance orders) of that phylum had evolved. Since larvae were acquired by hybrid transfer, they are not directly related to Larvae are active immature animals that differ significantly the adults that metamorphose from them. The widely from the adults that will succeed them in ontogeny. The accepted classification that associates echinoderms and larval transfer hypothesis claims that basic forms of all chordates as deuterostomes, and annelids and molluscs as larvae originated as adults in other taxa, and they were trochophorates or lophotrochozoans, is flawed. Symbio- transferred by sexual hybridization between species at all genesis, the generation of new life forms by symbiosis, levels of relationship (Williamson 2003). The first larvae accounts for the discontinuous evolution of eukaryotic cells resulted when eggs of one species were fertilized by sperm from prokaryotes. Hybridogenesis, the generation of new from another species. The eggs hatched as larvae resem- life forms and life histories by hybridization in sexually bling one parent, then metamorphosed into juveniles (small reproducing animals, occurred at all taxonomic levels from adults) resembling the other.
    [Show full text]
  • An Introduction to Marine Resources in Tai Tokerau with Examples from Te Hiku O Te Ika
    An Introduction to Marine Resources in Tai Tokerau with Examples from Te Hiku O Te Ika Brenda Hay & Coral Grant of AquaBio Consultants Ltd. An Introduction to Marine Resources in Taitokerau, with Examples from the Te Hiku o te Ika by Brenda Hay and Coral Grant This publication has been prepared as part of the Research Programme on Sustainable Mäori Development in Taitokerau conducted under the aegis of The James Henare Mäori Research Centre The University of Auckland Private Bag 92-019 AUCKLAND This PDF version of the report is made available through the web site of the Taitokerau Sustainable Development Research Group, on condition that it is not sold or reproduced in any form for commercial gain. While every care has been taken in the compilation of this report, the views expressed are those of the authors and their publication does not imply any endorsement by the University of Auckland. Cover Design and Layout: Brenda Hay and Coral Grant This research is part of a programme funded from the Public Good Science Fund by the Foundation for Research, Science and Technology. First issued in this format: April 2004. An Introduction to Marine Resources in Tai Tokerau with Examples from Te Hiku O Te Ika written by Brenda Hay & Dr. Coral Grant of AquaBio Consultants Ltd P.O. Box 560 Shortland St P.O. Auckland Email: [email protected] on behalf of The James Henare Mäori Research Centre University of Auckland February 2004 Acknowledgements We wish to thank all those people who provided us with their time, hospitality and friendship in the course of this project, particularly those people from the iwi in each study region.
    [Show full text]
  • Muriwhenua Land Report
    MURIWHENUA LAND REPORT WAITANGI TRIBUNAL REPORT 1997 MU RIWHENUA LAND REPORT MURIWHENUA LAND REPORT W A I 45 WAITANGI TRIBUNAL REPORT 1997 G P PUBLICATIONS The cover design by Cliff Whiting invokes the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi and the consequent interwoven development of Maori and Pakeha history in New Zealand as it continuously unfolds in a pattern not yet completely known A Waitangi Tribunal Report is b n 1-86956-202-x © Crown copyright 1997 Produced by the Waitangi Tribunal Published by GP Publications, Wellington, New Zealand Printed by GP Print, Wellington, New Zealand Set in Times Roman LIST OF CONTENTS Letter of transmittal........................................................................................................ xvii Preface...............................................................................................................................xix Chapter 1: O verview .........................................................................................................1 A summary of the claim and findings Chapter 2: The People and the L a n d ......................................................................... 11 On the nature of the Maori social system and law which conditioned the Maori view of the first land transactions; This law is directed not to property but to relationships between people; Maori and Europeans on first contact 2.1 Initial issues - conflicting laws and contractual mutuality..................................11 2.2 Original occupation.................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • THE ECHINODERM NEWSLETTER Number 15, July 1986 Editor
    THE ECHINODERM NEWSLETTER Number 15, July 1986 Editor: John Lawrence Department of Biology University of South Florida Tampa, Florida 33620, U. S. A. Distributed by the Department of Invertebrate Zoology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution Washington, D.C. 2D560, U. S. A. (David Pawson, Maureen Downey) The newsletter generally contains information concerning meetings and conferences and publications of interest to echinoderm biologists, titles of theses on echinoderms, and research interests and addresses of echinoderm biologists. The last page of this newsletter is a form which can be sent to the editor by indviduals who desire to be added to the list of echinoderm specialists published in the newsletter. The newsletter is not intended to be a part of the scientific literature and should not be cited, abstracted, or reprinted as a published document. ............ _ •.•....... ~...' r,.' P2ctinura con s p icua (from Koehler 1904) CONTENTS Meetings Information and requests 2 Ailsa's section 1u Books 19 Translations 22 Theses 26 Papers presented 28 at meetings Recent publications 35 54 59 List of echinoderm 66 specialists Address, information 73 and request form Opniuraster perissu s (from H.L. Clark 1939) MEETINGS 5eme $eminaire International des Echinodermes 22-25 September 1986 Nantes. France Organizer: Catherine Cuenca Museum d'Histoire Naturelle 12. rue Voltaire. 44000 Nantes. France Phylogeny and Evolutionary Biology of Echinoderms 15 to 17 December 1986 London. England Organizer: A.B. Smith Department of Palaeontology British Museum (Nat. ~ist.) Cromwell Road. London SW7 5BD. U.K. International Echinoderm Conference First Announcement International Echinoderm Conference August 23 . 28. 1987 University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia CANADA For Information on the To Receive Registra.tion Scientific Program, Information Please Contact: Contact the Chairman Mary Ransberry of the Organizing Committee Conference Office Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Statutory Acknowledgements in Northland October 2018 Version Reason for Release Overview of Changes Date by Who
    Te Ture Whakamana ngā Iwi o Taitokerau Statutory acknowledgements in Northland - Oct 2018 Contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................................... 4 1.1 What are statutory acknowledgements? ........................................................................... 4 1.2 The purpose of statutory acknowledgements ................................................................... 4 2. Statutory acknowledgements in Northland................................................ 6 3. Statutory acknowledgements for Te Uri o Hau .......................................... 7 3.1 Statutory areas ................................................................................................................... 7 3.2 Statements of association .................................................................................................. 7 4. Statutory acknowledgements for Te Roroa .............................................. 14 4.1 Provisions ......................................................................................................................... 14 4.2 Statutory areas ................................................................................................................. 16 4.3 Statements of association ................................................................................................ 18 5. Statutory acknowledgements for Ngāti Manuhiri .................................... 19 5.1 Provisions ........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Muiata Pa Historic Heritage Assessment
    Muiata Pa Historic Heritage Assessment Kaitaia Area Office Melina Goddard 2011 Muiata Pa Historic Heritage Assessment Melina Goddard, DoC, Kaitaia area office 2011 Cover image: tihi and upper terrace of Muiata pa taken facing west Peer-reviewed by: Joan Maingay Publication information © Copyright New Zealand Department of Conservation(web pdf # needed) 2 Contents Site Overview 5 History Description 6 Fabric Description 9 Cultural Connections 12 National Context 12 Historic Significance 13 Fabric Significance 13 Cultural Significance 13 Management Recommendations 14 Management Chronology 14 Management Documentation 15 Sources 16 Appendix 17-18 Endnotes Image: Muiata pa profile as seen from state highway 1 facing north 3 Figure 1: Location of Muiata Pa on the Aupouri Peninsula, Far North, New Zealand. Site Overview Muiata Pa is located on low-lying farmland north of Rangaunu Bay near east coast of the Aupouri Peninsula. It is flanked by Houhora Harbour to the north and Rangaunu Harbour to the south (fig 1). Little is known of the direct history of the pa, however from the information that is available on the wider history of the area, the fabric of the pa and its surrounding lands, assumptions can be made regarding its function in the landscape. The pa is located upon consolidated dunes of Pleistocene age within the Motutangi Swamp. Traditionally Motutangi was known as Motutengi, meaning three islands and the swamp was once a river on which the pa was strategically located. The pa would have acted as a guard and a refuge for villages nearby and may have been only accessible by canoe. It was probably associated with the tribes that emerged from the Muriwhenua people and there are numerous oral traditions associated with the wider area.
    [Show full text]
  • Dog Management Policy 2018(PDF, 5MB)
    Document number A1903478 Background The Dog Control Act 1996 (the Act) section 10 requires Council to adopt a policy on dogs. This Policy has been developed in accordance with the Act. As per section 10(4) of the Dog Control Act 1996, in adopting this policy, Council must have regard to: a) the need to minimise danger, distress, and nuisance to the community generally; and b) the need to avoid the inherent danger in allowing dogs to have uncontrolled access to public places that are frequented by children, whether or not the children are accompanied by adults; and c) the importance of enabling, to the extent that is practicable, the public (including families) to use streets and public amenities without fear of attack or intimidation by dogs; and d) the exercise and recreational needs of dogs and their owners. The Council recognises that the majority of dog owners are responsible and that most interaction between dogs and the public is positive. This policy aims to achieve a balance between the control of dogs and recognition of the health benefits of dog ownership. The policy also aims to keep dogs as a positive part of Far North Communities by maintaining opportunities for dog owners to take their dogs into public places, while adopting measures to minimise any inherent problems caused by dogs. As well as protecting the safety of our community and recognising that dog owners are responsible for the exercise of their dogs, Council also recognises the need to protect other animals including wildlife, and significant habitats of indigenous fauna.
    [Show full text]
  • The Conservation Implications of an Orca Surviving a Stranding and Boat Strike
    TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 ........................................................................................................................................1 ARGENTINEAN ORCA (ORCINUS ORCA) AS AN UMBRELLA SPECIES: CONSERVATION & MANAGEMENT BENEFITS Juan Manuel Copello Gabriela Bellazzi Jorge Cazenave Ingrid Natasha Visser DOI 10.37572/EdArt_1003212861 CHAPTER 2 ................................................................................................................................... 28 INCREASING THE UNDERSTANDING OF MULTISPECIES FEEDING EVENTS IN MARINE HOTSPOTS BY MEDIUM TERM INSTRUMENTATION AND TRACKING Lars Kleivane DOI 10.37572/EdArt_1003212862 CHAPTER 3 .......................................................................................................................31 PARASITAS COMO ELEMENTOS INTEGRAIS DA BIOLOGIA DOS CETÁCEOS: O DIGÊNEO PHOLETER GASTROPHILUS COMO ESTUDO DE CASO Claudia Pons Bordas Natalia Fraija Fernández Mercedes Fernández Martínez Francisco Javier Aznar Avendaño DOI 10.37572/EdArt_1003212863 CHAPTER 4 ....................................................................................................................................52 STRANDING MONITORING PROGRAMMES ON BRAZILIAN COAST: ANALYSIS OF REPORTS Adriana Vieira de Miranda Pedro Friedrich Fruet Juan Pablo Torres-Florez Glaucia Pereira de Sousa Matheus Lopes Soares Fábia de Oliveira Luna DOI 10.37572/EdArt_1003212864 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 5 ..................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • A Directory of Wetlands in New Zealand: Northland Conservancy
    A Directory of Wetlands in New Zealand NORTHLAND CONSERVANCY Aupouri Peninsula Wetlands (1) Location: 34°26'45"S, 176°43'10"E to 36°02'00"S, 173°11'55"E. On the Aupouri Peninsula north of Kaitaia to Cape Reinga, Northland, North Island. The geographical coordinates of the wetlands included in this site are given in Appendix 1. Area: c.3,250 ha. Altitude: Sea level to 100 m. Overview: The Aupouri Peninsula Wetlands are a collection of lakes, ponds, swamps, dune- lands and beaches. They are the combined result of marine and aeolian influences, and are representative of these types of wetlands. The wetlands are significant because of the range of endemic and threatened species of plants and animals present, some of which are restricted to Northland. The wetlands included in this site are listed in Appendix 1. The site does not include Parengarenga Harbour, Houhoura and Rangaunu Harbours and Kaimaumau Wetland, which are described separately as Site 2 (Parengarenga Harbour) and Site 3 (Muriwhenua Wetlands). Physical features: Aupouri Peninsula is a tombolo formed of aeolian dunes of late Pleistocene-Holocene age. Most wetlands on the peninsula lie within inter-dune hollows, and some contain deposits in excess of 30,000 years old. Wetlands are predominantly fertile, with some semi-fertile bogs and a couple of oligotrophic lakes. Ecological features: Beaches and dune lands at the mouths of some wetlands are sparsely vegetated in sedges and woody shrubs. The vegetation of the fertile swamps and lake fringes is principally sedges with a few floating aquatic herbs. This zone is replaced in some areas by a semi-fertile bog vegetation of woody shrubs, sedges and ferns.
    [Show full text]