to

of Up

Mrs. S.T. Blackwood

A MANUAl>-Or MARKS

POTTERY AND PORCELAIN

A DICTIONARY OF EASY REFERENCE

BY

W. H. HOOPER AND W. C. PHILLIPS

Uontion MACMILLAN AND CO. AND NEW YORK 1894

All Rights Reserved First Edition, 1876; Second Edition, 1877; Reprinted iZ-]^, 1886;

with corrections and additions, 1894. P K E F A C E.

THIS edition has been carefully revised and enlarged by the addition of many new marks.

When first issued none of the marks of Japan had been published. At that time information was difficult to obtain, and much of it has since been found to be un- reliable the kind of Sir A. Franks ; by permission W. a large number of marks are now inserted, which will be found to include all the factories of importance.

Being only intended for a pocket-volume, unimportant factories and unknown marks are left out. For more detailed information, the works of Brongniart, Chaffers, Demmin, Jacquemart (admirably translated by Mrs. Bury Palliser), Marryat, Robinson and others may be consulted.

is divided into in the The work four parts ; the first, Marks are classed under descriptive heads, as Anchor, etc. in the the factories of Animal, ; second Majolica Italy are arranged alphabetically; in the third, other factories of on the same and in the Europe plan ; fourth, the Oriental Marks are arranged by the number of characters inscribed. IV PREFACE.

The Marks on Pottery and Porcelain are of three kinds factory, workman, and pattern mark. The first is usually placed in a prominent position, sometimes accompanied by the mark of the maker or decorator. Sevres Porcelain, for instance, often having four or five workmen's marks, besides that of the factory. The is a this is seldom pattern mark usually number ; given, being useless without a description of the pattern itself.

The Marks, when pencilled or incised, vary very con- a different a full or a flaw in siderably ; hand, brush, the all tend to make them material, unrecognizable ; even when printed they are often blurred by the action of the fire or running of the enamel, and when im- pressed, a shrinking of the wet clay will change or obliterate them. Z2STZDE1Z.

MARKS.

Anchor Animal Arrow Axe ..

Beacon

Bell . . Bird .. Bow .. Butterfly

Cadnceiis

Circle . . Claw .. Crescent Cross .. Crown

Dome . . Dot ..

Ermine

Fish .

Bassano

Caffagiolo . . Castel Duranto Castelli

Diruta

Faenza Florence Forli ..

Genoa.. INDEX.

FACTORIES. r INDEX. Vll

PAGE CONTRACTIONS.

The quality of the Ware is described in the first column, and the mode of marking in the second, as follows :

maj...... Incised.

. . . Impressed.

... Pencilled.

... Printed.

... Stencilled.

The third column contains the dates. Pottery and Porcelain Marks.

ANCHOR

CHELSEA p imp

P gold or red

iT

POPPLES DORF pot imp 176-

SCEAUX PEXTIIIEVRE s p p blue 175- B Pottery and Porcelain

L SCEAU.X PKNTHIEVRK pot p blue ITS-

VENICE h p p red 1765

Tliis mark varies maj. p color 17 very much

4- COLOGNE pot p blue 1 7 4-

Bow a p p red 173 The form and position of the swora vary.

COALRROOK DALE h p p blue 18

DERBY CHELSEA p p goK 1770 or red Marks. CM

' VENICE ... s j ... p p gold 17- Giovanni Marconi or color

WORCESTER p color 175- Rf Richard Holdthip, decorator He also ivcrked for Derby

LoNGPORT pot imp 1793

pr blue 1805

ISTONE CHIN

Thus read from 18 imperfect impression pot imp of name

CALDAS pot imp Imitation Ware CALDAS of Palissy ORTUGAJ.

MlDDLESBOROUGH pot pr bluo 20, Pattern mark imp 20 Pottery and Porcelain.

ANIMAL.

SWINTON h p p TO* 1824 The Rockingham Crest.

HESSE CASSEL h p p blue . 17C3

AMSTERDAM h p p blue 1772

FRANKENTHAL h p p blue 1754

CHINA h p p blue Ow old Nankin Ware.

It M Marks.

ARROW.

Bow B p p blue 173-

(?) PLYMOUTH h P

CAUGHLEY b p p blue 17 -

LEEDS ... pot imp 177- Also with name Hartleij, Green fy Co.

PARIS ... li p p blue 1773 I)e la Courtille (sometimes called Torches)

AXE.

BADEN BADEN h p p gold Tftctow Sperl. or color 1753 Pottery and Porcelain

BADEN BADEN h p p gold 1753 tffc Widow Sperl or color DELFT pot p blue I.7C4 De Byl (The Axe) Justus Brouwei

BEACON.

GENOA

BELL. DELFT pot p bine 1764 De drei Kloklcen. (The 3 bells) W. Van dcr Docs r This mark varies so much that it is called Leaf and Arrowhead Marks,

BIRD.

AMSTERDAM pet p color 1780 Hartog and Brandeis.

ANSPACH h p p blup 1718 Sometimes used without the letter

>

, SKVRES h p p red 1810 sten & 1st Empire. imp

h color 1852 Napoleor. III. Emperor p pr

1833 LlVEUPOOL pot p color A Liver, the Arms of the Town. Case, Mort fy Co. Pottery and Porcelain

HAGUE (The) h p y blua 177- The Arms of.

BOW.

Bow s p p blue 173-

BUTTERFLY.

CHINESE On old Nankin h p p blue

CADUCEUS. I DRESDEN hp pblue 1712 This mark varies very much. WORCESTER s p p blue 1753 In imitation of Dresden

CIRCULAR MARKS.

FAENZA ... maj. p blue 15

And other varieties, and also without the circle Marks.

HOCHST hp p gold 1720 Tlie arms of the Archbishop of or color Maycnce.

Dahl pot p color 1794 &hp

T\ I DAMM Aschaferiberg h p p bine 17

DELFT pot p oiuo 1G91 TFortuyn Fortune P. Van der Breil

Martinus Gouda pot 1675

FLORENCE s p p color 15 The arms the Medici. ) of w(B) Francis II. A very rare mark.

niaj. p color 15

Orazio Fontana Urbino fecit. 10 Pottery and Porcelain

DERBY h p pr color 1815

COLOGNE ... pot 1G-

MONTPELLIER pot imp 18 Lc Vouland.

SHELTON pot pr color 1820

BERLIN h pr 1850 1 p Royal Factory

color 1830 SEVRES ...... h p pr The marie ivas used with the year date from 1830.

1834 Louis Philippi Marks.

i.CHATEAU, SEVRES h p pr color 1834

511 Republic h p p red 1848

BURSLEM pot & imp 1768 Wedgwood 8c Bentlcy hp

CLAW.

DELFT

De Klaauw (The Claw) pot pbhu, 1764 Lambertus Sanderus. 12 Pottiry and Porcelain

CRESCENT.

CAUGHLEY h p. p blue 1750 And without name. SALOPIAN.

WORCESTER s p p blue 1751 or gold

URBINO ... maj. p blue 1591 Also with the initials E. F. B.

NAPLES mnj. p blue 17

WORCESTER h p p blue 1783 Mark*

C<

V MARIEBERG, Sweden pot & p color 1750 sp CC Ehrenreich, 1759

CROSS.

BRISTOL h p p iu 1773 color

t FULDA ... h p p blue i763

VARAGES pot p bl: C c 1730 or red

DRESDEN h p p blue 1720

COPENHAGEN h p p color 1772

* CASEMENE ... pot imp IS~ Pottery and Porcelain

BOURG-LA-REINE h p p 17 Le Chappelet.

BRISTOL h p p color 1773

TURIN Vineuf h p imp 1770 Dr. Gioanetti.

CROWN.

BASSANO maj. p color 1540 Also with the signature of Antonio Terchi $ B Terchj

CASTELLI ma}. p color 16

ST. PETERSBURG b p p blue 1801 Alexander I. or color

h p p blue 1805 Alexander II. or color Marks.

PARIS h p p red 177P Porcelaine de la Reine(Antoinette)

VENICE maj 17-

DERBY s p p gold 177-

BRUSSELS h p p' color 18

WORCESTER h p imp 1807 Barr, Flight 8f Barr.

NAPLES maj. p 16

Crown of various shapes, sometimes B.C.

SEVRES Charles X. b p 1829 '& Pottery and Porcelain

SEVRES Charles X. h p p bine 1829 *0 30

LUDWIG-SBURG h p p blue 1758 Also attributed to BUEN RETIRO s p p color 176- Madrid. Carlos III. & pot

LUDWKJSBURG b p p blue 1758 Initial of Duke Charles

NlEDERVILLER h p p blue 1788 & De Custine, director pot

URBINO maj. 16-

(?) Luca Cambiasi

HOCHST b p p gold 17*JO & color Marks.

PARIS ... h p p blue 1769 Charles Philippe, Comte d'Artois, patron

FEANKENTUAL Up p blue 17G1 Carl Theodore

DERBY ... h p p red or 1780 Dueslury violet

with monogram D K

Duesbury and Kean ... 1798

also ivitnout croivn ... ,

Stevenson ... $ Hancock ,, 18C-

HlLDEKSHEIM .,. .. h p p bill? 1760 i8 Pottery and Porcelain

FULDA .., h p p blue 1763

CAPO DI MONTI, Naples s p p color 1780 Ferdinandus. Rex

PARIS ... hp prod 1780 DM and Guerhard

HESSE DARMSTADT h p' p blue 1756 I'D

ST. PETERSBURG ... h p p color 1825 Nicholas I.

SEVRES h p imp or 1845 Louis- Philippe pr color

M CLIGNANCOURT ... hp stred 17SO Marks.

BUEN RETIRO, Madrid ... sp p color 176-

MARIEBERO, Sweden pot & p color 1750 sp VU U/

CAPO DI MONTI, Naples s p p red or 1759 blue

& imp

SEVRES. Napoleon III. ... s& p color 1854 In this year the manufacture h p

of soft paste was resumed

SAVONA. (?) Guidolono ... maj. 10- JV.Q. o ORLEANS pot p color 1753 Pottery and Porcelain

n ST. PETERSBURG. Paul I. ... h p p color 1796

DRESDEN ...... h p p blue 1750 SPM Saclisiche Porzellen Manufacture

LUDWIGSBURG h p p blue 1806

.

OPORTO h p p gold 1790 t Vista Allegra or color

WORCESTER h p p color 1793 WTT Flight and Barr

LIVERPOOL pot imp & 1796 pr color

DOME.

FLORENCE s p p color 1580 A rare mark Marks. 2i

o DOT. o **. I LlMBACH hp p 1761

oOo URBINO & FAENZA maj. p 16

ERMINE.

STOKE-ON-TRENT ... h p p color IS5- Minion & gold

FISH.

GENOA ... maj. p 10

NYOV, ... h p p blue 1790

LILLE ... h p sten & 1781 The Dauphin. Patron p red

CHINA ... li p p blue 969 Old Nankin ware to HOfi This mark varies much 22 Pottery and Porcelain

CHINA h p p blue 969 to 1106

FLEUR-DE-LYS. * Bow s p p blue 173- CAPO DI MONTI, Naples s p p blue 1736 Removed to BUEN RETIRO, Madrid 176-

MARSEILLES pot pr color 1777

color 1542 EOUEN ... p Marks.

ST. CLOUD s p imp 1702

SEVRES h p p blue 1830 Sevres 30

FLOWER.

CHINA. (?) Sesamum h p p color 1403 to 1424

p red 142G &gold to 1435

(?) Emblems of longevity ,, p bluo //iese inarlis are from old Nankin ware; date un- Pottery and Porcelain

CHINA ... hp j i blue

JAPAN. On old and modern ware in imitation of old

Nankin patterns ... h p Marks.

GEASS.

CHINA. This mark is knoivr. " as the Grass Mark" but it

is meant for a water plant ... h p p blue 960 to9G3

HAYFORK. y RUDOLSTADT h D p color 1758

blue i p .,

17- A1SO WORCESTF.P Pottery and Porcelain

HATCHET (see AXE).

HEAD.

DELFT ...... pot p color

HEART.

MOTJSTIERS. Olery pot p color 17

NAPLES maj

ST. SAMSON pot imp 182-

HORN. CHANTILLY sp pblue 1725 cr imp

LUDWIGSBUR hp p red or 1758 I blue Marks.

LABEL.

ORLEANS ...... h & p color 1753 Gerault Daraubert s p

LEAF. BERLIN This mark is frequently painted in green or gold over the Berlin sceptre on damaged pieces

GROSBREITENBACII ... h p p color 1770

Sometimes a mere flourish

CHINA ...... h p p blue A great variety oj leaves are found on old Nankin ware, the mark was imitated by DELFT and other factories Pottery and Porcelain

CHINA.

(?) Bamboo leaves, mark of a h p p blue 1573

Factory in King-te-chin ... 1619

JAPAN. On ware painted with h p p blue Chinese patterns

LETTERS.

PARIS. Le basuf ... p red 177- A A is also found on Bow ware

ANSPACH. This mark varies h p p blu*1 1718 very much and sometimes looks like crossed swords Marks 29

DELFT ...... pot p blue 17G1 iTD De G-dclcse A (The Alpha) J. T. Dickstraat or Dextra

DELFT ...... pot p blue A.K. De Wittc Stcr (The White Star) A Kiell

ALTENROLHAU h p & imp 1829 A.N. A Nowotny Director pot

U BEING maj p 1GO- AP Alphonso Patanazzi

ARRAS ... s p p blue 1782

AVJJ \

D7M. I DEF.FT ... pot p I'/- Pottery and Porcelain

WORCESTER ...... h p me 1793 Bart-. B is also on Bow ware

MARSEILLES pot p color 1769 B Bonnefoy

DELFT ... pot p blue 175-

J. Brouwer

SAINTES ...... pot inc 1538 Attributed to Bernard Pallissy

B BRISTOL h p p color 1773

GUBBIO maj p color 15- Maestro Giorgio

LUXEMBOURG pot p color 180G B. L. BOCK. &hp

BlaR L.A KiElNE s p p bin? 1773 & pot

DELFT ... pot p blue Marks.

BAYREUTH pot p blue 15

DELFT ... r>ot p biue

(?) Berghem

DELFT ... pot p blue

(?) Vender Does

ST. PETERSBURG ... h p ,,176- Cc Catherine

BAYREUTH h p p color 1744

DELFT pot p blue . 17 CB De Paauw (The Peacock)

(?) Cornells Boumeester

COALBROOK DALE h p p blue 1787

GO LIMOGES h p p red 1773

PARIS ... n p 1781 Chanou Pottery and Porcelain *C* Marks. 33

g ST. PETERSBURG ... li p p blue 1762 P. Kornilo/e

MARIEBERG pot p color 1759 Ehrenreich, director &sp 14* DELFT pot p 1764. E BS T' jongue Moriaans Hofft (The young Moors head.)

BRISTOL hp p color 1773 5 (Imitation Oriental.) F FLORENCE maj M 17 (A late mark on Fine Pottery.)

FAENZA ...... maj 14 (Many varieties of the letter are found.)

FURSTENBERG hp pblue 1750

F is also found on Bow ware

DELFT ...... pot p blui 34 Pottery and Porcelain

URBINO. F^ Xanto ... maj. p color 15

MOUSTIERS. Feraud pot p color 178-

F.DV NAPLES ... maj. imp Fab. del Vecchio, Napoli &hp 17-

FI FLORENCE. For Firenze maj. p 17-

FP c UREINO. F . Patanazxi ma. p 1G08

FR NEVERS pot p color 3730

PERKENHAMMER. Fischer Reichembach 1802

GUBBIO maj. 1536

CAFJTAGIOLO. G is found on Bow ware Marks. 35

NAPLES. Giustiniani maj. imp & 17 : p color

GERA ... h p p blue 1780

GOTHA .. " 175-

6iK DELFT pot p red

p 17- 1179

, , T'oude Moriaans Hojft. blue 1764 OVJ1 (The old Moor's head) pot p Geertruy Verstelle.

1752 STBASBOUKG. Hannong ... hp M & pot

1773 H PARIS. Hannong ... p color

168- HB NEVEKS. Henri Borne ... pot p color

DELFT. Jacobus Haider Adriens p color 176S Pottery and Porcelain

H.F NAPLES maj. p 17 7CS-7

DELFT ... pot p ted

NUREMBERG pot p blue 15 Haws Kraut Villingen

blue 1764 DELFT .., pot p Hendrick Van Hoorn

DELFP ... pot p blue HVMD THart (The Hart) Hendrick van Middeldijk

13 LISBON , pot imp

blu6 1764 DELFT ... pot p

(?) Jacobus de Milde

bine DELFT ... pot p

//a 2- Marks. 37

DELFT ... pot p blue 1680 Jan Kuylich

PESARO. In Pesaro . p I.P (?) (?) maj

DELFT ... pot p blue 1761 ITD De Griekse A (The Alpha)

7 JT. T. Dikstraat or Dextra.

DELFT ...

DELFT ...

1790 PARIS ... h p p blue JJ? Jacob Petit

LIMOGES pot p red 18 J. Pouyat

VOISONLIEU pot st color 1831 & imp Jean Zeigler

blue DELFT ... pot p

(?) Jan Kuylich Pottery and Porcelain

DELFT ... pot pbluo 1GSO Jan Kuylich

KIEL ... pgold 177- II Buchwald, director or color A. Leihamer, decorator

H.HCVJ/ DRESDEN hp p blue 17

J> T mXV

KVK DELYT ... .. pot 17-

LIMBACH h p p red 1761

MONTELUPO maj. p Given by Jacquemart, Wolfs Brush

BRUSSELS h p p color 1791 LC L. GretU

DELFT ... pot p blue 17G4 De Lampetkan (The Pitcher) Widow G. Brouwer Marks. 39

BORDEAUX h p p color IS- B Lahens and Bateau

DELFT ... pot p blue

(?) Van Dammelar

CAFFAGIOLO maj p 15

SlNCENT pot p color 18G1 Moulin

PARIS ... h p p blue 1773 MAP Morel d Paris

GUBBIO rcaj 15 If Maestro Giorgio

15* z

a.

LOOSDEECHT ...... h p p blue 177%

^ ni Manufactur oude Loosdrcch\ & P Moll director, 4o Pottery and Porcelain

OPORTO pot p gold \1~ M.P Rocha Soare or color

DELFT...... pot p blue 1639 MP De Metaale Pot (The Metal Pot) Lamlertus Cleffius A\VC DELFT ... pot

IV NEVERS pot p color 15

GUBBIO ...... maj p 153- Vincentio or Cencio son of KL Maestro Giorgio N GUBBIO op BOURG-LA-REINE h p p bme 1773

LILLE .,, pot p color 1778

I Petit Marks.

LIVERPOOL pot p gold 1760 Pennington & h p or color & imp PINXTON s p p color 1791 These letters are ascribed to

Pinxton, but t7ie wave was seldom marked

GUBBIO maj 15- ? Maestro Perestino

DELFT ... pot p

CAFFA.GIOLO maj p 15-

KOTTEN... pot p color 15

NlMES imp 183 Plantier, Boncourant $ Co.

ROUEN pot p color 15

DELFT ...... pot p bluo 1761 P v Doornp Pottery and Porcelain

DELFT ... pot pblue 1G91 P van der Breil

PVM DELFT ... pot pblue 1764 P van Meemm

DELFT ... p brown

MARSEILLES pot p black 1777 K Robert &hp

RKGENSBERG OR RATISBON h p p blue 17

... b p p blue 17

R-n RAUENSTEIN ...... h p p blue 1760

DELFT ...... pot

. . blue 1.6 COLOGNE. ..r v pot p Marks. 43

CAUGHLEY hp pblue 1750 S Salopian

S SCHLAKENWALD ... h p p color 180V.

SlNCENT pot p color 1733

SEVRES on white ware ... hp pr green 1833

The Scratch denotes tJiat

the piece left the factory undecorated. 18G

ST. CLOUD pot & p blue 173- Trow Director sp

SX SCEAUX PENTHIEVRE up inc 1750

Ven? VENICR maj p color 15 &hp 17-

BERLIN h p p blue 1751 Wegeley, founder 44 Pottery and Porcelain

PLYMOUTH p p blue 176- Probably the usual marie, the sign Jupiter, carelessly pencilled

WORCESTER s p p blue 1751

And others in imitation of ,, , oriental marks

DELFT ...... pot p blue 1764 WVB De Twee Wildemans (The two Savages) Willem Van Beelc

DELFT ... pot p blue 1764 Widow van der Briel

URBINO maj p Fco Xanto

maj X p blue N red lustre Al maj p Marks. 45

GUBBIO maj p 15

ZURICH h p p blue 1759

DELFT ... pot p 1765 Z-DEJC Dextra zoon

LINES.

ALT HALDENSTEBEN h p imp 17

COPENHAGEN h p p blue 1772 The Sound, the great and little Belts

ST. PETERSBURG h p p blue 17

MITRE.

WURZBURG h p p blue 17 Pottery and Porcelain Marks. 47

DELFT ... pot p blue 1761 A Kielle

SI l

Moscow h p p color 1830 A Popoff

APREY ... pot p black 1750

DELFT ...... pot p blue 1764 De twee Scheepjes (The two Ships) Ant Pennis

Moscow ...... h p p color 1830 A Popoff

DELFT ...... pot p blue 1680

Keyser

DELFT ... pot p col 1680

Keyser Sf Pyndker

DRESDEN hp p blue 1709

DRESDEN p blue 13 A modern mark & imp

PARIS ... pot p bluo 16 Reverend

DELFT ... .. ,. 16-

ANSPACH or Frankenthal .. hp 17- J. A Hannonjr

184- TOURS ... .. hp ,. Victor Avisseau

NEVERS pot p color 1602 $6 Jacques Bourdu, Marks. 49

LUXEMBOURG pot p color 180G & h p B.L E

NlEDERVILLEB h p p blue 1760 & Beyerle founder pot

MARANS ...... pot p color 1740 Jean Pierre Roussencq

NTON ...... h p p blue 18 Pierre Hulhausen decorator

COALBROOK DALB h p p blue 1787

URBINO ...... maj p 15- A air.iilar mark is dated 1549.

STOKE-ON-TRENT Hp pr color 185-

SEVRES p p bine 1824 Charles Pottery and Porcelain

VENICE ...... maj p 15- Probably Gian Andrea and Pietro Bertolini

COALBROOK DALE h p p blue 1787

DlRTJTA maj p 16-

PARIS ... h p p red 1784 Chanou

URBINO maj p 15 Nicolo d' Urbino

DELFT ... root p blue 1651 D/W De Paauw (The Peacock) Jacobus de Milde 1764 Marks.

I* DlRUTA roaj p 16

FLORENCE maj p 14 FAOrEBAT

NEVERS pot p color 1636 Denis Lefebvre

DELFT ... pot p blue 1680 Johannes Mesch

URBINO maj 16

TOOLOUSE pot p color 1820 Fouque" Arnoux $ Co.

LlLLiE ... pot p color 1729 F. Boussemart

KREUSSEU pot p color 1610 Caspar V^t 1G90 Hans Christophe Vest

PARIS ...... h p p red 1780

Dihl 4- Guerhard, Due d"4n- gouldine patron Pottery and Porcelain

NUREMBERG pot p blue 16G7 George Liebolt

DELFT ...... pot p blue 1761 De drei porceleyno FlescJijes (The 3 porcelain bottles) Hugo Brouwer

NUREMBERG pot imp

NAPLES maj p 17

UK DELFT ... pot p blue 1680 Jan Jan zoon Kuylich

//f

NUREMBERG pot p blue 15 Hans Kraut

STRASBOURG & FRANKENTHAL pot p blue 17 Paul Hannong & h p & inc Marks. 53

GUBBIO ...... maj p 16 Hipollito Rombariotti

STRASBOURG & FRANKENTHAL pot p bluo 17 Hannong & h p

FRANKENTHAL & STRASBOURG ,,

J. 4* P. Hannong

NEVERS ...... pot p color 17 Jacques Seignc

NIEDERVILLER ... pot sten 1802 Lanfray & h p

LIMBACH (?) ...... h p p color 176-

. Pffold

PARIS ...... h p color 1773 | p Gros Caillou 54 Pottery ana Porcelain

SEVRES ...... fl p p blue 1753 The letter indicates Hie date See Sevres

h p p blue 1814 Louis XVIII.

MOTJSTIERS Olcry pot p color 17

k REGEKSBERG or Eatisbon ... h T> p blue 17

COLOGNE pot p blue 1589

53!?

HEREND hp pblue 1839 Maurice Fischer

1639 DELFT ...... pot p blue De Metaale Pot (The Metal Pot) Marks. 55

FAENZA maj p 154 me* ML

URBINO maj p 15 Nicolo d' Urbino

DELFT ... pot pblue 1680 Q Kleynoven

15*44; URH1NO maj p 15- Orazio Fontana

CLIGNANCOURT ...... h p st rod 1775 Monogram of the patron Louis Stanislas Xavier Comte de Provence

DELIT ... pot p 10- ftw (?) Philip Wouvermans Pottery and Porcelain

DELFT ...... pot p blue 16SO

J. PynaJcer, C. Keyser 4- A. Pynalcer

... . 1764 DELFT v . f pot p blue M De Romeyn (The Roman) Petrus van Meerum

DELFT ... pot 1G91 P van der Briel

DELFT pot p blue 1764 De porceleyne Fles (The por- celain bottle) Pieter van Doorne

SEVEES h p color 1792 R^pullique Franqaise & s p

GUBBIO maj p

(?) Salimbene

COALBROOK DALE ... h p P blue 1861 j Swansea 1 Nantganv j CaugJiley 4 Marks. 57

DELFT ... pot p blue 165 Samuel Pict Roerdet

DIRUTA maj p 16

CAFFAGGIOLO maj p 15

ST. AMAND pot p 175- Fauquez

STOKE-ON-TIIENT h p p blue 179- Minion or red

CASTELLI maj p 17 Sowerio Grue

DELFT... pot p blue 1580 Suter van der Even Pottery and Porcelain

SCHAFFHAUSEN . . . pot p color 1560 Tobias Stimmer

FAENZA maj p 15

DELFT ...... pot p blue 1650 Antoni Ter Humpelin

NEVERS pot p color 1850 H Tite Ristori

DELFT ...... pot p blue 1764 Jan van der Kloot Jan Zoon

DELFT pot pblue 1580 Van der Even V (?)

FESARO maj p 15

(?) Giovanni Vejaso

MARSEILLES pot p black 1760

I Veuve Perrin Marks. 59

VI URBINO maj p blue 16

DELFT ... pot p blue 176-4

(?) Wvander Does

I

MUSICAL INSTEUMENTS.

CHINA ...... h p p blue Nankin ware

NAMES.

W- Adams. TUNSTALL pot imp 1780

SHELTON 17 Astbury. pot imp

R. J. 4- pot imp 1750 Baddeley,

Bailey <$ LANE END pot imp 18- Baikin.

*frr* Qodty FAENZA maj p 15-

WOECK3TE14 hp pr 1807 6o Pottery and Porcelain

Enoch Booth. TUNSTALL pot imp 1750

Brameld. SWINTON b p pr red 1807 & pot

int. DELFT pot p color 1680 Verboom painter

BPATbEFb ST. PETERSBURG ... h p pr color 1827 KopHHAOBLDO Korneloffslci Brothers

SWANSEA h p p color 178-

LIVERPOOL pot p color 1751

Chamberlain. WORCESTER h p p color 178- & imp

Child. TUNSTALL pot imp 1763

LIVERPOOL pot imp 1765 Christian.

COALBROOK DALE h p p blue 1787 Govlfwt. Marks. 61

Copeland. 62 Pottery and Porcelain

Flight. WORCESTER hp p color 1783

Flight Sf Ban- ... 1793

Flight, Barr 1807 # Barr.

DELFT ...... pot p blue 1C91 n

Moscow ...... h p imp color 18 (DP Galena. Fabrica & pot TYAMHA Gospodina The Factory of our Lady)

Moscow h p imp 17 FAPkHEPT} Gardner

Ginori. DOCCIA s p imp 1735

NAPLES maj imp 17 Giusiiniani Brothers

WORCESTER hp pred 1800 Grainger, Lee Co.

J7 TURIN (so attributed) maj p

b st red 1780 Guerhard et PARIS .. p Dihl. Marks.

Haclcwood. o 4 Pottery and Porcelain

E. Mayer. Marks.

Phillips $ Co. SUNDEELAND pot pr color "V780

B. Plant. LANE END pot imp 177-

Moscow li p p color 1830 nonoBbi A Popoff

PARTS ... h red 1773 Pouyat $ p p Russinger. De la Couriille

h 175- Reid 4- Co. LIVERPOOL p imp

RocJcingham. SWINTON pot imp 1757 &hp

SadlerfGreen. LIVERPOOL pot pr color 175G &hp

William Sans. BUKSLEM pot imp 167-

MN 1 ' SEVRES s p st red 1S03 National Factory

h p st red 1806 Imperial Factory Pottery and Porcelain. Marks. m* 68 Pottery and Porcelain

MALTA .., pot imp 18

NEVERS pot p color 15

PLYMOUTH ...... hp p blue 176- This marie, the sign of Jupiter,

is often considered as 2, 4 joined

ST. CLOUD pot p color 1700 B* J. B. Chicanneau

DELFT ... pot p

ORB. BERLIN hp pblue 1830

SAVONA maj p 16 Marks. 6 9

GtiBBio ...... cnaj p 15

ORIENTAL.

CHINA ...... h p p blue Old Nankin ware. Sacred axe

,, Precious things. Instru- ments of writing

Kwei, or emblems of u Mandarin Pottery and Porcelain

CHINA...... h p p blue Instrument used as a tuning fork

DELFT ...... pot p bluo IB-

' In imitation of the ' six mark

OVAL. ANDENNES put imp 18

B. Lammens Sf Co.

UZES ... Francois Pichon

18 (?) VENICE maj p On modern ware

MONTET pot anp 18 Laurjorois

PEtiARO AND FAENZA ... maj p 15 Marks.

PESAUO AND FAENZA ninj p

VAL sous MENDON pot imp 179-

j

Mittenhoff ,

I blue 1C ! COLOGNE pot p

PALETIE.

PARIS ... hp p gold 18 Schloss),iacher

PICKAXE.

LEEDS ... pot p color 1770

PIPE. X ARNSTADT pot p color 17O-

' VlNCENNEP . h 178~ 72. and Porcelain t Pottery

ROSE.

CAUGHLEY ... b p p color 1799

J. Roge S- Co.

blue 17G4 DELFT ...... pot . p 3) De Roos (the Rose), Dirk van dor Does

SCEPTRE. BERLIN hp pblae 170- 1 *

SHELL OR HELMET. CHINA hp pblne Marks

CHINA ... h p p blue

SHIELD.

ANSPACH ...... h p p blue 1718

NYMPHENBERG ...... h p imp 1758

SAVONA ...... maj p 1C- Sometimes with initials G.

A.G., (?) Gian Anto. Guido-

fcono, G. 8. 4* B. C.

Girolamo Salomons ... Pottery and Porcelain

SAVONA maj p 1C

DELFT ... pot p rec* 1.7

VOLKSTADT h p p color 17C2

t r TURIN ... mnj p lo- And Shield alone with Cross. Arms of Savoy

VIENNA li p imp or 1774 p olue

SIIIP. COBRIDGE pot p blue 18 SQUARE MARKS.

CHINA ... h p p blue For other Square Maries, see Oriental, used also by WORCESTER and DRESDEN Marks. 75

DRESDEN h p f blue 17 H Imitation Oriental

On Bottger ware ... ",,

UKBINO maj p 15 Orazio Fontana

In Greek Characters

STAR.

DOCCIA s p p color 1735

NOVE . hp p gold or 1750

pot p red Pottery and Porcelain

SUN.

ST. CLOUD ...... pet p blue 1702 .* sp

SAVONA

SWORD.

... h blue 1750 X OAUGHLEY ... p p

... h blue X DRESDEN ... p p 1726

1730 Marks. 77

DRESDEN h p p blue 1770

Marcolini ... 1796 X ., Manager

on White Porcelain for 17- x ! Sale ...... scratched through

on imperfect pieces ... Pottery and Porcelain

DRESDEN h p 3 blue 1750 Bruhl Manager

17

ELBOGEN h p mp 1810

MONTREUIL p blue 18 XX- Tinei

TOURNAY s p p gold 175- or blue

177- (?) CAUGHLEY hp pblue Attributed to Worcester

WORCESTER sp p bine 17 Marks.

WORCESTER s p j) blue \7

TABLE.

CHINA ...... h p

imitated by DERBY ...

TOWETl.

TOURNAT ., ... s p p tl"e 175 8o Pottery and Porcelain

I VlNCENNES 8 p p color 17 TRIANGLE. Bow, CHELSEA & DERBY s p & p gold & 17- A h p color & imp & inc

BRISTOL h p imp 18- &bis

DOCOIA s p p gold 1735 & imp

KORZEC . p p blue 1803

NYMPIIENBERO ... hp {.blue 1753

pot imp 1809 Hulaudier* Marks.

TRIDENT.

Bow p blue 170-

JA,e triangle imp

CAUGHLKY h p p blue 17

CAPFAGIOLO maj ,. lo Also attributed to Faenza Gubbio

SWANSEA h y imp 18 And one trident

VASES.

BRISTOL h p pr blue 18 The Cross imp

JAPAN ... h f. imp 18 color 82 Pottery and Porcelain

Gunno inaj p blue 15

WINDMILL.

CLJGNA.NCOUKT ... &hp i color 1775 Paries greatly Majolica. 83

MAJOLICA.

THE manufacture of Italian Pottery generally known as Majolica or RafFaelle ware was foi many years under the patronage of the Urbino family, and was principally carried on at Urbino, Gubbio, Pesaro, Castel Dnrante, Faenza and Dim c.i.

The ware is coarse and bar], but it is valued for the decorations, which are from designs by RafFaelle, Michael Angelo, Guilio Romano, and other great masters; and some are thought to be painted with their own hands. " Marryat says : It was the usual custom for the Artists to write the title of the subject, in blue characters on the back of the dish, but rarely to affix their names and place of abode." The examples given will, it is hoped, be sufficient for the identification of such marks as may be met with in duplicate, those that arc given in type are too large for ensravinor in a small handbook. Pottery and Porcelain.

MAJOLICA.

BASSANO, Venetia ...... 1540 Also with the signature of Antonio Terchi and B Terchj

CAFFAGIOLO, Tuscany ...... 1507 The ordinary mark is thus marie, it is S. P. in e monogram, sometimes the P is alone given.

is with and without ,, The trident used both above. The name is also signed In Gafagolo

This mark is also attributed to Faenza and Gubbio

& (?) for Gafagiolo Majolica. 85

CASTEL DURANTE, Urbino ...... founded 1361

The earliest known date is ... 12 Sep., 1503 Sebastiano d' Marforio signs and dates a piece in 1519 Francesco Durantino 1533

The Chevalier was director of a FattoinBotega ,, Piccolpasso di Piccolpasso factory about ... 1550

in imitation " On Modern Ware < of the old > 1841 !

CASTELLI, Naples 14

So attributed by Pusscri ... 1C

Saverio Grue. Also initials and name ... 17

... ,, Luigi Grue '> L. G. P.

- Fro. Ani- Grue ... 1722 ,

Or. Rocca di ... J-'2 Castelli, 1732.

Gentili P. . 17-

DIRUTA, Papal States Other varieties of this signature are found 86 Pottery and Porcelain.

-inty DIRUTA, Papal States J *

1G-

HT

Given by Darcel as a mark of this factory ...

P AEN7A

On one of the earliest pieces of Majolica known 1475

(?) Gubbio. Supposed to be Maestro Giorgio 14

Many varieties of the letter F are found ...

FatainFaenza Cosa Piroto The name of a factory of In Coxa Pirota Facnza ... .,, .,, ... 15- Majolica.

FAENZA

And Avithout the circle ... ,,. 15

Also attributed to Pesaro

Many other varieties of this mark are found

ft Also initials B. M. , 154-

Yvioiuarcx ] ML

,, And B Avithout the T ...

(?) Baldasara Pottoy ana Porcelain.

AENZA Attributed to Baldasara 15

ero.

In initials F.R. a square, and only ... , .. M

FLORENCE, Tuscany ...... 14 Luca della Robbia and his family mailc their

famous ware here until about ...... 15GO

This mark and another, LR FA, 1451, is attributed TAOEBA.T to Luca, but both are very doubtful

,, A late mark on fino pottery ., 17-

(?) for Firenze

FORLI ...... 15- Pate m .F Also without date, and with signature of 1542. Lcucadius Solombrinus, 1555

I la, Bo tega d Mo Jero da Forli. Majolica.

GENOA ...... 15 The beacon is well known, it varies very much

,, Given by Demmin

GUBBIO, Urbino ...... 14

Giorgio Andreoli, afterwards known as Maestro . Giorgio, first used the beautiful metallic luttre which caused the Gubbio ware to be so valued

Also ascribed to him ... .*. .

... 1519

.,. 1525 9o Pottery and Porcelain.

GUBBIO Maestro Giorgio

B A, Merchants' mark...... 1528

1532

15 ,, With merchants' mark

Attributed to 3faes/ro

of ... ,. Vincentio or Cencio, son M- Giorgio w Majolica.

GUBBIO

AlsoN. G. , 15

Maestro Also in full (?) Fercstino. signature ,.

,, (?) Salimbcne ... 16-

O (?) Ilipollilo TtombarioUi

(?) Rovigo ...

17. A. I. Jlf.

LODT, Lcmbarcly ...... 1C- And with the initials only *L Pottery and Porcelain

MILAN. 5to, Lombardy , 17- And name only

r n.o

tf.B. On modern pottery ...... , 18-

31. MONTELUPO, Tuscany ...... ,.., 1G- 1627. Vaviously written

M te L* With signature Raffaello Girolamc 1639.

Given by Jacquemart ...... p black

(?) Wolf's brush modern

NAPLES

15-2 /f

Crown of various shapes, some- times B. C. Majolica. 93

EDV NAPLES. N And Ferdinando del Vecchio Napoli imp in full 17

H.F So attributed

. 17

Giustiniani Brothers ...... imp 17

& p color

C And in outline ... p blue 17

PADUA, Venetia ... 15- Padva. With date, 1548

A. Padoa. 1563 and Porcelain. 94_ Pottery

, li In Fesaro. PESARO With dates, 1542 to 1765

FattoinPesaro . 15-

IP Doubtful

(?) Giovanni Vejaso ... 1512

EAVENNA Ravena. Between two flourishes , 10-

In Arimin RIMINI , 15- 1535. Stiffly written

In Rimino 1535.

Fato in Ariminensis * 1C35 1635.

Fatto in Roma da Gio Pavlo EOME ...... 16-

Savino Pencilled in oval . 1COO M.D.C.

In Roma. Pencilled and impressed Majolica. 95

Alma Roma EOME. 1623.

SAVONA, Genoa ... 16-

(?) Guidobono

Girolamo Salomons 16-

9

., With initials G. A. G. (Gian Ant .. Guidobono) and G. S. 61 (tSalomone) & B. C. .. Pottery and Porcelain.

SAVONA, Genoa ~. 16

10- L L

SIENA, Tuscany 15 Fata t Siena. With signatures of M Benedetto

Bar Terese Bartolomeo Terenzio Romaw-o 1727 Roma. ,,

in ,, Also monogram Ferdinando Ma.no, F. G. Campani ... 1733

TREVISO, Lomardy 15 Treviso. In circle

N. So attributed

TURIN, Piedmont ...... 15 And Shield alone with Cross. Arms of Savoy Majolica. 97

FattainTorino TURIN, Piedmont .. 1577

Fabrics Reale di Torino ... 17 1737.

So attributed

UEBINO ... 14

Xanto Avelli da Rovigo p colour 15 .f.XA-K^ -Til / / t/rAino.

X in blue, N in red lustre, probably Viceniio's mark H 9 8 Pottery and Porcelain.

^V URBINO 15- A^ Francesco Xanto Avelli

,, Orazio Fontana 15-

Urlino Fecit

In Greek character!

A similar mail; dated 1519 JE

ATico7o d' UrUno. About also signed Niculo di V. Majolica. 99

UBBINO

Nicolo d' Urbino ...... 15

Geronimo Vrliino, with dato ... 1583

T. R. F. ... 1587 1587.

Also with initials E F B, dated , 1594

F. G. C.

P. F. Alf. full ... ,, Alfonzo Patanazzi. Also name in 1006 Vrbini, 1606. A.P

RE Francesco Patanazzi. Also name in full ... 1608

Vicenzio Patanazzi, aged 12 years ... 1619

of Genoa ...... 16 ,, (?) Luca Cambiasi,

Franco Urbini Fecit ...... B. F. V. F. ,, (?) Battista VI Pottery and Porcelain

UB.BINO , 16-

Also attributed to Faenza

VENICE ... 1545

Venczia ic also written in full

Probably Gian Andrea and Pietro Berlolini, too confused to be made clearer

., A well-known mark, with many variations ... 17

Doubtful 17

<.)n modern waro .. is Factories. 101

FACTOEIES.

ALTENROLHAU near Carlsbad,

Germany ...... pot imp 1829 A. Nowotny, Director & h p

AMSTEL,Oude 3 nearAr sterdam,

Holland ...... hp p blue 1782

AMSTEL, Nicwer ...... h p p blue 15

Holland AMSTERDAM, ... h p ji blue 1772

A. Daeuber, Director ... , t 178- Pottery and Porcelain

AMSTERDAM, Holland pot p color 1780 Hartog $ Brandeis

ANDENNES, France pot imp 18 B. Lammens $ Co.

A. Der Vander Wcert

1718 ANsrACH, Bavaria ... h p p blue And other varieties of the A^sometimes like crossed s words

The Eagles and Shields t , n n vary very much, and sometimes on A used without the letter Factories. 103

ANSPACH Ii p p blue 1718

And FRANKENTHAL

J". J.. Hawnong

APREY, France ... pot p black 17CO

/P II J5 " X ARNSTADT, Germany pot p color 17G-

ARRAS, France s p p blue 1782

BADEN-BADEN, Germany h p p gold 1753 Widow Sperl or color io4 Pottery and Porcelain

BADEN-BADEN, Germany h p p gold 1753 \ Widwu Sperl or color

BAYRETJTII, Bavaria ... pot p black)k 15-15

rot D blue 15

n kip p 1744

BERLIN, PRUSSIA.

Established by W. G. Wegeley, in 1751, and purchased chemist at by Frederick the Great, in 1763. Pott, a on this factory, claims the invention of transfer printing porcelain.

BERLIN, Prussia.

Wegeley h p p blue 1751 Factories. 105

BERLIN, Prussia Royal Factory. Many forms of sceptre ... h p p blue 176- 1

Konigliche PorzelleR. KPK Manufactur 1830

r 1850

This Ea,gle is also used by Schuman, of Hoabit, with namet

Frequently painted tn green or gold over the sceptre mark, on damaged pieces 18 io6 Pottery and Porcelain

BORDEAUX, France h p p color 18 Lahens Rateau B 4"

1773 BlaR BOURG-LA-EEINE, France .-. s p p blue 4 pot op

*

Le I: Chappelet , t

BOW.

This factory ivas established about 1735, "but did not become celebrated until many years later.

Bow e p p blue 173 Factories. 107

Bow B p p blue 173-

The form and position p red it of the sword vary &gold

The triangle has long been imp inc ' considered a Bow mark t but recent researches p gold have rendered it doubt- & color ful, it is often hard to say if it is a Bow or Triangle, the latter is now proved to have been used at CHELSEA and DERBY

Triangle, imp p Dine

A. B. F. G. & K. are also found, probably work- men's marks

To Also BRISTOL io8 Pottery and Porcelain

ELERS BRA i>WELL pot imp 1600

BRISTOL * Founded ly llicliard h p p color 1772 Champion

,, And other imitations of

Oriental marks ... ,,

B

B

The cross impressed hp pr blno IS

imp & biscuit

For Tebo, the modeller. Many other ivorlcmeris marks are found ino 17- Factories. 109

BEUSSELS, Belgium h p p color 1791 L. Crette

LC P .>

JB

BURSLEM, Staffordshire And Ralph Toft pot in relief 1G70

im 167 ~ .1 , P

J{. S/iau-e. 173-

WEDGWOOD. 175- Wedgwood.

Wedgwood < 1768 Bentley. Aaron Wood. 175-

Enoch Wood. 1783

Wood& 1790 Caldwell.

18 Steel. 10 Pottery and Porcelain

BUEN RETIRO (Madrid), Spain s p p color 176- Attributed to Royal & pot Factory, Charles III., but probably LUDWIQS- BUKQ

di ,, The Capo Monte mark is found on early pieces

,, And M only ...

France h p red 1793 caen CAEN, p Also in capitals

CALDAS, Portugal pot imp 18 Mafra^ maker. Imitations CALDAS of Palissy ware PORTUCAI CAPO DI MONTI, Naples s p p blue 1736 And various other forms

of Fleur de lys

1759 Ferdinand IV, patron ... p red or blue & imp. Factories. ii i

CAPO DI MONTI, Naples This factory has success- Os fully imitated old ma- jolica s p p color J79

Ferdinandus Rex p color 1780

CASEMKNE, France pot imp 18 Lafl4cliere and Pzillaird

D. D. & Co. CASTLEFOED. near Leeds pot imp 1790 CASTLEFOED POTTERY. D. Dunderdale

CAUGHLEY, Shropshire h p p blue 1750 Established in 1750, by

. Brown, taken in 1772 SALOPIAN. by Thomas Turner .

Crescent marked thus is p blue often mistaken for J) arid attributed to Duesbury of DERBY. 112 Pottery and Porcelain

s X CAUUHLEY, Shropshire ... h p p blue 1750

TURNER. h p imp 1772 & pot

h p p blue 17

And other numerals thus

treated, to rescmUe oriental marks p blue J77-

lo ,, (?) Turner, attributed WORCESTER

color 1799 Rose Sf Co. ...

CHAM-TILLY, France s p p blue Also u'ithname and imp Factories*

CHELSEA.

This factory, established in {he 17th century, acquired

little celebrity until about 1750, when the modelling and beauty of the paste rendered its productions equal to those of any foreign factory.

CHELSEA p imp 174-

p gold 174- 'Si/* The best quality in gold or rod A 4 Ti Pottery and Porcelain

CHELSEA ...... s p p gold 1745 And with name in full or red & imp

CLIGNANCOURT, near Paris ... h&spp color IV "5 This varies very much

the h st r /v* " Monogram of Patron, p red f /r / |& Louis Stanislas Xavier, ^* ^-> Comte de Provence

Porcelaine de Monsieur 1780 M tt f

CoALrORT, or COALBROOK h p p blue 1787 DALE, Shropshire

^wd C. J>aZe ...... ,

18 Factories.

%> COALFORT, or COALBROOK DALE, Shropshire

... h blue 18 MX ... p p

Caughley, Swansea, Nant- 1861 garw, united 1821

Voyez. COBRIDGE, Staffordshire ... pot imp 1773

p blue 18-

1589 I COLOGNE, Germany pot ] blut,

RV/c. 16- oi6 Pottery and Porcelain Factories.

CEIEL. Cm EL, Franco pot imp J7S- Also with monogram of Stone-Coquerel and Lc Gros of Paris

D DAMH, Germany ... h P p blue 17

DELFT, HOLLAND

Potteries were established here at a very early date; it is said that fine ware was produced in 1480, nothing certain is Icnoivn lefore 1614, when a patent ivas granted to Cla.es Janssen Wytman's,for making porcelain, probably fine pottery.

DELFT, Holland

* The A PHA De Griekse. A. Mark registered 17G1 J. T. Dextra or Dilcstraat pot p blue

ITD 7 n8 Pottery and Porcelain

DEX DELFT, Holland ... pot p blue 1764

Zoon Dexlra ... 17C5

,, On tyare ttrMTi same pat-

terns as that with first 7 mark

The works were carried on by Ja robus Haider Adriens Zoon in 1765...

bluo (?) Jacobus Haider ,, p I. H. D. the ,, Cornells van Os had works in 1767

17G4 ,, ThoA.XE. DeByl rcg

Justus Brouwer Factories.

DELFT, Holland ... pot p blue 1764 Justus Brouwer.

This is also attribuied to

A.Kielle, of the Wliite Star.

The CLAW. De Klaauw reg 17G4 Lambertus Sanderus.

,, This mark is so varied " that it is usually un- known." It has leen

called The Griffin !

'80

The DOUBLE PITCHER. DC Dubbelde Schenkkan 17G4

Thomas Spaandonclc... I 20 Pottery and Porcelain

DELFT, Holland

FORTUNE. T' blue 1'J'J! tjTUTLl.\ ,, Fortuyn... pot p reg (A. Pieter van der Briel

i'. d. Uriel ., TFccluice

,T. H. F. Int. Fortuyn. The GOLDEN BOAT. /H I. D. A. tier vergulde Boot 1704 Johannes der Appel

,, TLc GOLDEN FLOWERPOT De De vergulde blompot ... P. Verberg Factories. 12.1

Holland j DELFT, The HART. T' Hart ... pot p blue rcg 17G4

Hendrik HVMD ,, van Middeldijk

The METAL POT 1639 MP De Metaale Pot

Lartibertus Clejjfius ... Pietcr Paree 1704

The old MOOB'S HEAD ...

In V oude Moriaans Hojft Geertruy Verstelle

Tbe young MOOR'S HEAD E. B. S. Tjongue Moriaans Hofft Widow of Picler Jan v. d. Hagen

Probably a mark of one or other of these factories p color

The PEACOCK. De Paaaw pblae .. 1G51

Jacobus de Milde >, 17C1 122 Pottery and Porcelain.

DELFT, Holland

7=' Jacobus de Milde pot [i blue 17C1 twn

(?) Cornells Boumeester

,, The PORCELAIN BOTTLE reg 17G4 De Porceleyne Fles

Pieter van Doorne ...

The PORCELAIN PLATTER De Porceleyne Sclwotel

van ... ., Johannes Duyn

Tlte EOMAN , t PVM De Romeyn Petrus van Merum Factories. 123

DELFT, Holland

,, JanvanderKlootJanzcon pot p blue 1764 /oo7; thejactory

The EOSB ... ieg!7G4 De Roos Dirfe van der Does

The THREE BELLS De drie klokken W. van der Does

This varies so much

that it is often " unknown "

Doubtful I2 4 Pottery and Porcelain

DELFT, Holland

,, The THREE PORCELAIN rel7(M BOTTLES De drle Par-

celeyrie fleschjes

Brouwer ... blue FB ,, Hufjo pot p ,,

Hooren. The THREE PORCELAIN BARRELS De drie Por-

celeyn aslonnen

Hendrick van Hoorn ... ,,

The Two SHIPS ...

De twee Sheepjes

Ant. Pennis ...... ,, 7? ,, ,, ,

... The Two WILD MEN ;.. DC twee wildemans van ,, Widow of Willem ,. WVB Beek

The WATER CA:T ... -. De Lampetkan W(dow of Gerardus Brouwer

L P Kan Factories. 125

DELFT, Holland The WHITE STAB reg 17G4 De ivitie stcr

AK- pot p brie

/t/C

As J

fi^t^r variations

(?)FancZrJ,osc/ J774

,. Beryliem Pottery and Porcelain

DELFT, Holland 1750 ,, Isaalc Lrouwer plMue

(?) Van der Does

Van Dammelar LVj (?) V Suter van der Even 1580

so attributed

Ifartmus -eg 1G75

^Infoni Ter Hwnpelin color 1650 Factories. 12

\ DELFT, Holland

Q. Kleynoven p blue re^f 1680

IfK Jan Kuylicli the younger UK J-ff

r Bf Johannes Mesch

Cornells Keyser - *i . Jacobus Pynalcer and Adrien Pynaker 128 Pottery and Porcelain

DELFT, Holland

blue xG80 ,, Keyset* 4* Pynal:er p

1650 ,, Jan Steen

color ,, Samuel Piet Roerdcr I

" Willem van der Velde .., 1660

Abraham Verboom 1680

*r Piet iseer ... .. 1769

15- (?) Philip Wouvermans .. Factories- 129

AVIf DELFT, Holland T>7M. UNKNOWN MARKS p co1 or 1773 2l> 1173

pblufe

6-JVC p rea

G")& '779

71 (?) In 7 p bl** HX2- Pottery and Porcelain

DELFT, Holland xw UNKNOWN MARKS p blue

., (?) Jan Kuylich

KVK f blue 1731

MVC oolor 4 p

p bine

On ware painted in the p red 17 style of Majolica. An imitation of a Savona mark- Factories.. 4# Pottery and Porcelain

PEHBY.

Founded in 1751, ly W. Duesbury, who, in 1770, pur- chased the Chelsea Works, and, in 1781, removed the moulds and models to Derby; also Bow, 1770.

DERBY ... .. s p p red 1756 Duesbury.

DERBY CHELSEA ...... s p p gold 1770 or red

Later in lilac, then in red p gold 177-

CROWN DERBY ...... h p p red 1780 Also without the dots or violet with monogram D K

Duesbury and Kean ... ,, ., 1798

- Also with in old English type ^ 1780 Factories. 133

DEJIBY

,, In imitation of the Sevres h p p red or 1798 mari violet

In the blue , , imitation of Chinese p

a workman* t A ,, Probably M mark & imp

And in oval h color p pr [ 183g

Stevenson $ Hancock ... lip p color 186-

Joshua Heath. Cockpit Hall pot imp 1760

DOCCIA, near Florence, Italy 9 p p color 1735 Various star marks

imp & p gold '34 Pottery and Porcelain

GINORI. DOCCIA, near Florence, Italy... n I> imp 1735 The founder's name The Capo di Monti mould* were transferred here about 1821

DRESDEN, SAXONY.

The first European Porcelain manufactory, established by Augustus II. in 1709, under the management of

fiottjer.

<3> DRESDEN, Saxony blue 1709 C/PO ,, Augustus Rex, founder ... hp p

The Caduceus (sale mark) 1712 to 1720

Bottger ware about 1718

And other square marks in imitation oj oriental factories. '35

1720 , {Saxony... h p p blue

Herold, manager

1720

1730

,, 'Brulil, manager

17-

Alcissen porzeilen manu* faclur. A'so without the words. Pottery and Porcelain

DEES DEN, Saxony... p p blio 17

Early mark

Sachsiche porzellen mami- 1750 factur

Konigliche porzellen manu- 17- factur

x 1770

... I79G ,, Harcolini, manager 9 ,

blue On white porcelain (per- l>

fect), for sale. scratched X through

On XX ,, imperfect pieces Factories, 137

DRESDEN, Saxony... b p p blao 17 Un 'imperfect pieces scratched through

,, On faulty table goods

A modern imitation of p blue 18 early mark & imp

ELBOGEN, Bohemia ... h p imp 1810

see Wedgwood

near Wedgwood$Co FERRYBRIDGE, TJurslcm ,, & pot Pottery and Porcelain

* FLORENCE, Italy .., p p color 1580

This varies very much

,, The arms of the Medici 15 family. Rare marie.

1754 FEANKENTHAL, Bavaria ... h p p bltto

The arms of. Hannong of Strasbourg, removed

here, 1753.

Paul Hannong ...

& fc in/ Also J. A. H. t in monogram pot

Carl Theodore, patron ... hp p blue 1761

blue 17G3 FULDA, Germanv ... p Furstlick Fuidaisch to 17SO Factories. 139

FULDA, Germany ... h p p blue 17G3 On t figure?..

FURSTENBEEG, Germany h p p blue 170

,, The F varies very much...

GERA h p p blue 1780

GOT u * b p p blue 175-

the R. ,, Rotheribcrg, founder

GROSBREITENBACH h p p r-olor 1770

Sometimes a mere flourish 1 4o Pottery ana Porcelain

HAGUE (THE), Holland ... hp p blue 177- J Stork the Arms oj ihe Town

HALDENSTEBEN, ALT, Germany hp imp 17

HANLEY

E. Mayer. pot imp 177-

Lakin fy Poole.

Shorthose.

1776

NEALE & Co. U79

J. MEIGH & Also . 173- SONS. Heigh

NEELD. In imitation of Wedgwood 178 Factories. 141

J. Keeling. HANLEY pot imp 179-

Eastwood. W. Baddeley

Shorthose Sf 18 Heath.

T. SNEYD, HANLEY.

Mason's 1813 Ironstone Lane Delph, near ... ,, pr color China. HERCULANEUM see LIVEKPOOL.

HEREND. HEREND, Hungary h p p blue 1800 Also Shield $ Crown of

Austria, fy Shield % Crown of Hungary.

Maurice Fischer ... 1839

HESSE CASSEL, Germany ... h p p blue 1763

HESSE DARMSTADT, Germany h p p blue 1756 H)

HILDERSHEIM, Germany h p p blue 1760 Pottery and Porcelain

HOCHST, near Mayence, Germany h p p gold 1720 The arms of the Archbish'm & color of Maymce

Dahl pot p color 1791 D &hp KiEETb KIEF. Russia color 178- \S pot p

n ^ KIEL, Denmark ... pot p gold 177- 3T Bu.chwald, Director or color Abr. Leihamer fecit

fitd T Also K. T. G ... KORZEC, Poland ...... h p p blue 1803

,, The mark varies very much, and is sometimes usea with the name

KREUZEN, Germany pot p color 1610 Caspar Vest to 1GOO Hans Christoplie Vest Factories. 1 43

J. Lockett. LANE END or LONGTON, pot imp 17 Staffordshire TURNER. 1762 B. Plant. 177-

T. Harley, & 1809 Lane Lnd. pot imp hp

1 Maf 4 Newld Mayer Sf Ncwbold imp & 18 pr color

Bailey $ - 18 Batlcin. pot imp

LEEDS TT'irTia LEEDS 177(? POTTERY. ' pot imp

p color

Also with name, Hartley, imp Green $ Co.

UlU LILLE, France pot p oobr 1711

Dorez j, 174-

D is also found on soft paste.

17 1 44 Pottery and Porcelain

LILLE, France pot p color 1729 F. Boussemart.

Petit 1778

Patron, The Dauphin ... h p stcn & 1784 Leperre Duroo. p red

I LIMBACH, Saxe meiningen ... hp p red 17G1

p gold

p coicr

LIMOGES, France ... h p p red 1773 Factories. H5

J.p 146 Pottery and Porcelain

Davenport. LONGPORT pot imp 1793

LONGPORT. J. Davenport pr red

A blurred impression of " imp ^ war& is read Liver- pool in mistake for Davenport..

r ] blue 1S05

17GO Phillips.

LOOSDRECHT, near Amsterdam, bp p bine 1772 Holland Manufactur oude Loos- drecht. Moll, director

LOWESTOFT ...... s*hp ,, 175- No mark used by factory

I/UDWIGSBURG, Wiirtemberg h p p blue 1758 Tnitial Duke Charles, yi.rf of X sometimes used with- out the crown Factories

I h blue 1758 ! LUDWIGSBURG, Wiirtembcrg p p Thisform is also attributed to Madrid

An antler from ihe arms ,. of Wilrtemberg or red

Also W. R. ... p blue 1C06 TR to 1818

LUXEMBOURG, Belgium pot p color. 180G . Director &lip B.1 E Boch,

MADRID -see BUEN EETIRO.

MALTA ... pot imp 18

MARANS, France ...... pot p color 1740 Jean Pierre Roussencq

MARIEBERG, Sweden ... pot p colo* 1750 & s p u/ vi/ 148 Pottery and Porcelain

MARIEBEEG, Sweden pot p color 17*

Ehrenreich. & s p

c. . V

c c

>

MARSEILLES, France pot p color 1777 Also with C. S.

Savy pr .,

Veuve Pernn p black 17CO

color 1769 B lionnefoy ., p

hp p black 1777 &pot Factories. 149

MEISSEN, near Dresden, Saxony pet imp 17

Boltger

MENECY VILLEROT, France... op p color 1735 DV inc Dulce of Villeroy &

MIDDLESBOROUGH, Yorkshire pot p blue 18 20, the pattern mark imp

MONTET, Franco ... pot imp 18 Laurjorois, manager

MONTPELLIER, France pot imp 18 Le Vouland

MONTREUIL, sous bois, Franco h p p blue 18 Tinet

color 17 TAPKHEPt Moscow, Russia ... h p p A. Gardner 5 o Pottery and Porcelain

Russia li nonoBbi Moscow, ... p p color 1830 -4. Popo/.

7* ) 91

,, F. G. Fabrica Gospodina h p imp 18 I^AHHA (The factory of our & pot color Lady) Galena

MOUSTIEKS, Franco 1686 e Olery p color 172-

,, Feraud pot p color 173-

Guichard ,, stcn in

Also the G only dots

NANTGARW. NANTQARW, AVales h p imp & 1813 color Factories.

NAPLES. See CAPO DI MONTI.

NEVERS, France ... pot p color 15

1602 ,, Jacques Bourdv 3) It

,, Denis Lefebvre II >t 1636

,, Henri Borne >5 S>

Jacques Scigne

1730 ,, Francois Rodrigue

Tile mstori ... 1850 , I C2 Pottery and Porcelain

NEWCASTLE. NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE ... pot imp 18

NIEDEBVILLER,. near Stras- h p p blue 1760

1 France & bourg , pot

Baron de Beyerle", the founder X General de Custine ... 1786

,, And other varieties oj the ,, coronet

director fiten 1802 ,, Lanfray, ...

xmp

NIMES, France ...... pot 183- PBC PLantier Boncourant # Co. Nove NOVE, Italy h p p gold 1750

NOVE * Factories.

NOVE. Italy h p p gold 175 or color

NUREMBURG, Germany ... pot imp 155(

Ham Kraut ...... p blue 1578

1667 ,, George Liebolt

NYMPHENBERG, Bavaria b p imp 1753 The arms of Bavaria

,, p blue ,,

1790 NYON, Switzerland ... ,,

18- Pierre Mulhausen, painter >} '54 Pottery and Porcelain

VA Factories. '55

PARIS, France ...... h p color 1773 I p ^yV_ Gros

,, Advenir Lamarre

H P. A. Hannong 1773

Porcelaine de la Reine ... red 1778 A f

Marie Lelxeuf. Antoinette, : n patroness

Housel took the factory ... 1799

Guerhard p rod 1780 Due d'Angouleme, patron

Manuf"- de MM"- in ,, Also the names full Guerliard et and separate. liihl a Paris-. together

Nast h p &t red 1783 Pottery and Porcelain

Dagoty. PARIS, France Dagoty ... hp ji ret. 179-

Feuillet Feuillet ...

J. Petit ... h blue 1790 & ... p {.

Clianou ... red 1784

Schlossmacher M v gold 187-

color 1802 PERKENHAMMER, near Carlsbad, hp j> F&R Austria Fischer & Reichembach

PlNXTON ...... Sp 1794 * P 80 attributed, but the factory had no acknow- ledged marks.

I Pi/! MOUTH h p p blue 176- The sign of Jupiter Factories. 157

PLYMOUTH ...... h p p blue 176- Probably Jupiter carelessly pencilled

...... h p p blue 1770

Doubtful 17

POPPLESDORF, Germany pot imp 176-

QUIMPER. imp 1809 Hubaudiere.

EA'IWNSTEIN, Germany ... hp p blue 1760

REUENSBERU or RATISBON ... h p p bluo 17 Germany Pottery and Porcelain

REGENSBERG, cr RATISBON, bp p bit . 17- k Germany

EOCKINGHAM See SWINTON

f ROUEN, France ... pot p color I initials are ,, A great many ?A given by as Rouen marks pr fD

1758 EUDOLSTADT, Germany ... h p jicoior Hay fork, part of the X Arms of ftchwa'ftzberg Factories,

I

I UUDOLSTADT, Germany ... h p p color 1758

SAINTES, FRANCE.

Bernard PaU?sy settled here about 1538 and after

unceasing efforts succeeded in producing the well-Known pottery called by his name

SAINTES, France pot inc So attributed

ST. AMAND, France ... puC, p 1750 Fauquez, director.

ST. CLOUD, b''ranc*> ... s p imp 1702

J. B. Chicanneau ... pot p bluo 1700

,, When patronised by the king ,, 1702 &sp to 1715 6o Pottery and Porcelain

ST. CLOUD, France pot

Trou, director 1730

ST. PETERSBURG, iiussis h p p bluo 174 1

Cc 17G-

6 Catherine 11 17C2

ft Made for the Palace bv 8 Paul Korniloffe rtrt

^ p color 1736 n Factories. 161

ST. PETERSBURG, Russia h p p color 1801 Alexander I. -4

Nicholas!. ...

BPATKEBT* Brothers Korneloffski 1827 KopHMAOBblXTi

,, Alexander II, 1855

ST. SAMSON, France pot imp 183-

SCEAUX PENTHIEVRE, Franco s p inc 1750 sx ^ZsoSP. to 1760

Due de Penthievre. Lord ^L^ High Admiral, patron pot p bluo 1751

sp 1753

Sceaux. J.792 162 Pottery and Porcelain

SCHAFFHAUSEN, Germany pot p coior 1560 Tobias Slimmer.

SCHLAKENWALD, Austria hp 1800

SEVEES, FBANCE. This Factory was removed from Vincennes in 1756. and, under the patronage of Madame de Pompadour became the most celebrated in Europe. The soft past* colour, vases, etc., are now invaluable, owing to their form, and artistic decoration.

SEVRES, France. s blue 1753 ,, Royal period. Sometimes p p with crown. The letter

indicates the year. See TabU.

J7C8 Hard paste first made

Republic h & s p colov 1792

And name only ...

1803 National Manufactory ... h p st red Marlz 1804. See Table.

1806 Imperial Manufactory ... tfe Sevres Factories. 163

SEVRES, France ... h p p red 1810 Imperial Manufactory. stcn & imp

Louis XVIIL p blue 1814 Dated with ttie year of the century.

Charles X. ... 1824

25"

1829 ,, On plain ware

,, On decorated ware

JO

Louis Philippe. From 1830 Sevres August to Decemler. 30

1830, to November, 1831 p color 164 Pottery and Porcelain

France ... h blue 1334 I SEVRES, p p Louis Philippe

With the ahom imp or 1833 pr color

pr green 1848

Republic to 1851 p red On decorated ware.

III. color 1852 Napoleon , Emperor hp pr

The raarat- h & 1854

facture ofsoft paste was s p revived 1854.

The scratch marks the piece m pr green 1861 as undecorated. Factories.

SEVBES.-TABLE OF DATES. 66 Pottery and Porcelain AA Factories. .67

SEVRES. Initials and | Monograms of Decorators, $c.

/*'* Chapui?, aine ... Flowers, Birds, etc. i68 Pottery and Porcelain

SEVRES. Initials and ^^ Monograms of Decorators, <$c.

*~F* Fontaine ... Flowers. Factories. 169 XA Pottery and Porcelain

/# Factories. 171 p

? 1 172 Pottery and Porcelain

SEVRES. Initials and Monograms of Decorators, $c.

Schadre ...... Birds and Landscapes.

Sinsson ...... Flowers.

Swebach ... Landscapes, etc.

Bineb ...... Flowers.

Vande ...... Gilding and Flowers.

Mde. Gerard . . Flowers and Borders.

Hilken ...... Pastoral Subjects.

Vavasseur . . . Arabesques

Grison ...... Gilding.

Micaud ... .. Flowers, Vases

Bouillat ... Landscapes and Flowers

Joyau ...... Detached Flowers.

UNKNOWN.

Figure subjects, finely painted.

Do. do.

On fine ware, with other marks. Factories. '73

SEVRES. Maries of Decorators,

Buteux, pere ... Flowers and trophies. ? '74 Pottery and Porcelain # Factories.

5 6 9- Pottery and Porcelain

SEVRES. Marks of Decorators, i^c.

Noel ... Flowers, medallions.

...... Flowers Choisy , trophies

Aubert ...... Flowers.

Martinet . . .

The lest Painters, fyc., are n Italics.

SHELTON pot pr color 1820 New Hall Works 1842 and name Hackwood.

Miles 1685 M 8. ,

17 ASTBTJBT. ,, imp

E. & J. 1750 ,, Baddeley BADDELEY

I. & G. Bell Works 177- RlDGWAY. lo 1816

to 1854 J. & W. E.

France pot p color 1733 Sincheny. SINCENY, Factories. '77

SINCENT, France pot p color 177- Joseph le Cerf.

,, Moulin 1864

SPODE. STOKE-UPON-TllENT pot imp 1770 h p p red

,, Minton ,, p color 179-

On best h p p gold 185 or color

pr blue 18 Porcelar

,, Gopeland. Copeland $ pr color 185- Garrett, 1833. Cope- land, late Spode, 1847.

STBASBOUBG, Germany ... pot p blue 17 Hannong removed to & h p Frankenthal, 1754. .78 Pottery and Porcelain

STRASBOURG, Germany . ... pot p blue 17 M. & hp

,, J. Hannong. Paid ,, Hannong.

PHILLIPS &Co SUNDERLAND pot pr color 1780 Sunderland Pottery. DIXON & Co. 1805

MOORE & Co. 1*>- ,, Wear Pottery SOUTHWARE.

SWANSEA n p p color 178-

SWANSEA. X imp 18 SWANSEA And trident only

And with name, Dyllwyn SWANSEA. 181- 4- Co. sten rod

h red 17

BF.AJHELD, SWINTON, Buckingham h p pr red 1807 &pot TOULOUSE, France pot p color 1820 Fouque, Arnoux et Cie.

TOUKNAY, Franco ... sp p blue 175- Tour aux oiseaux. Also

a potter's kiln.

V gold or blue

TOURS, France h p p blue 184- Victor Avisseau.

BOOTH. TUNSTALL pot imp 1750 And name in full Enoch Booth.

CHILD. 17(53

A. $E. Keeling. 1770

VV. ADAT\IK. 1780 i8o Pottery and Porcelain

TURIN, Italy ...... h p imp 1770 Vineuf, Dr. Gioanetti.

UZES, France pot 18- Francois Pichon.

VAL sous MEUDON, France. 179- Mittenhof $ Mourot. & pr

VABAQES pot p black 1730 t* or red

red 17 VENICE, Italy h p p Ven? or blue

Giovanni Marcone s p p gold 17 CM ,, or color

h p p rod 1765

blue 1774 VIENNA, Austria ...... p or The shape of the shield imp varies. Factories. 181

VINCENNES, France s p p ?olor 17 s The Tower varies.

9> Hannong li p 178-

fJSTS'\/l\f VILLENGEN, Nuremberg 15- n-/L.l/yVj Hans Kraut.

cSv VOLKSTADT, Germany hp 17G2

VOISONLIEU, France pot s-t 1839 Jean Ziegler. & imp

WEDGWOOD. WEDGWOOD, Burslem and pot imp 175- Etruria. A h p 1770

Wedgwood.

imp 17G8 to 1780 132 Pottery and Porcelain

WORCESTER

This Factory was established, in 1751, by Dr. Wall and others. The invention of transfer printing on porcelain is attributed to Dr. Wall, but is also claimed for Sadler, of Liverpool, and Dr. Pott, of Berlin.

WORCESTER s p p blue 1751 or gold

Dr. Wall

Imitation of Chinese marks p blue or red

Many marks are found in p p blue 17-

this style, in imitation or red of Oriental. Factories. 183

WORCESTER p p blue 17 X Imitation Dresden marks or red

ft blue c Flight p \) 178. and name on

Flight $ Barr 1793

,, Barr h p inc 1793

Barr, Flight $ Ban ... imp 1807 Also FEB. and names

in full. 1 84 Pottery and Porcelain Factories.

WORCESTER ...... h t> pr 18

,, And Chamberlains only. 178-

Lee ... ., Grainger, $ Co. 1800

,, Richard Holdship. A . p color 175- Duorator's mafic. He

RI also ivorkedfor Derby.

WURZBUKG, Bavaria ... ,, p blui 17

ibsolom Yam. YARMOUTH ... pot ^ .Z?,.. orator, also wit'' name inj.^.

ZURICH, Switzerland hp ,)blue 1759

W.C.P. Oriental. 1 8

ORIENTAL MARKS.

CHINA.

CHINESE porcelain is said to date from about a century before the era their is of the Christian ; pottery greatest antiquity, and, like the porcelain, is of every quality. The oldest example that can now be obtained is of the Ming period, though, if the marks could be relied on, there are many pieces of the 10th century still to be found, but marks are so easily imitated, and Chinese potters are so fond of reproducing old patterns with marks complete, that very little reliance can be placed upon them. The best periods of the manufacture of porcelain during the Ming dynasty, were

Yun^10 " 1403 to 1424

Seuen-tih ... 1426 1435

Ching-hwa 14C5 1487

Kea-tsing 1522 15G6

Wan-leih ... 1573 1G19

Egg Shell" ware was first made in the Yung-lo period. The euen-th was famous for all sorts of coloured ware. 1 86 Pottery and Porcelain.

The Ching-hwa produced the best ware and the finest decoration. This mark commands larger prices in Europe -f- H 7 than any other. The dark rich blue of the Kea-tching and the white granulated surface of the Wan-leili, are very " choice. Old blue China," or Nankin ware, is from the Im- perial factories at King-te-chin a town of potters named after King-'e, the Emperor, who first patronized the manufactory in 1004-1007. The ware bore the "six mark" dates until 1667, when they were forbidden by an edict from the governor of the province, lest any piece being broken, the Emperor's name might be profaned by being carelessly thrown on the dust heap. This blue ware was made by direction of the Emperor, who ordered it to be of the colour of the sky after the winter rains. The marks on Chinese work are seldom either Factory or Painter's marks. M. Stanislas Julien gives the mark of a potter of the Wan-leih

period, named Hao-chi-lihieoii, who excelled in writing verses and in lived in retire- painting ; he appears to have taken religious vows and his mark is the hermit. M. , ^, ment; Ou-in-tao-jin. Ou, -^ " " iPf H?. Jacquemart mentions a six mark," sold by Pei-tcliing, made by Kien-ki." Some of those given are no doubt AH5?In3\ as of but the makers' names San-yuh, Mountain Gems ; marks most commonly found are in four or six characters, and denote the date of the manufacture. The "six mark" may be made out from the table of dates without much trouble, except from badly formed characters, handwriting being as varied in China as elsewhere. Chinese writing is arranged in columns commencing at tne right, reading downwards. If in a horizontal line it reads from right to left. Oriental,

" " The first and second characters of the six mark show woo- TA TA

' the thus : the third and the od EN- MING dynasty, fourth, peri

C E ( n 'e en haou), name of the years; the fifth signifies /t | "ifc / and the sixth made : !qpl year, J|| thus, Ta-Ming, Hung- woo, neen che. Great Ming (illustrious) dynasty, Hung- KEEN SEUEN-TA woo, years; made. 13G8 to 1398. Or arranged thus, Ta. Ming, Seuen-tth, neen, che. Made in the Seuen-tih period of the Ming dynasty. 1426 to 1435. CHE-TiH-MING The next example is Ta Ts'hing, Yung-ching, neen, die, Great Ts'hing (pure) *' dynasty Yung-ching period. 1723 to 1735. The four " mark is more troublesome, as it does not give the dynasty it necessitates a search through the whole list of

dates it is in the thus : ; read same order, King-till neen, che, made in the King-tih period, about 1004 to 1007.

The square marks called the Imperial Seal, which have been in use from the beginning of the last century, are read in the same way; they are written in an archaic character that is only understood by antiquaries, and are usually very badly done. In the list given, from the best examples that could be obtained, it will be seen that the first, second, fifth and sixth, which should be alike in all, vary considerably; "four mark" seals are also given which show similar variations. i88 Pottery and Porcelain

Dates are also written thus : Wan-leih pah r>&n che. 1580. \ Wan-leih eighth year, made 4

All these may be known as dates by the last characters, Ween and to form or fashion. * year ; che, make, *E Sometimes another character is used, Neen tsaou, made or make.

Ta Ming-she-heen, made in the time of the Great Ming government. An example was found that probably read

: it too confused to be read thus but was with certainty ; the piece waa modern ware.

Ta Ming neen che, made in the years of the Great Ming. This is also to be found, but is probably a modern mark.

Another mode of dating is by the cycle of sixty years, but as only the year of the cycle is given it does not identify the period.

24th year ...... p blue Oriental.

One example was written thus- Woo shin necn chc, 5th year p blue

The first column is called the ten celestial stems, and the second the twelve terrestrial branches. The twelve

"branches" are the Chinese Zodiac: The Rat, Bull, Tiger, Eabbit, Dragon, Serpent, Horse, Sheep, Monkey, " " Cock, Dog and Boar. The ten stems are double characters ; they are allied to the five Chinese elements : Water, Fire, Wood, Metal and Earth. This system is also used in Japan and Siam. The 76th cycle commenced in 1864. if"

53 If ft OPT

57 190 Pottery and Porcelain.

The most interesting of these dates is that used in the year 1721, Yew sin-choiv ne'^n che. Made in the Sin chow year again (recurring). The Emperor Kang-he came to the throne in the 38th year of the 68th cycle, and died in 1722. He therefore had reigned for a whole 5 cycle on the recurrence of the 38th year in 1721, an m event unexampled in Chinese history. In a later example the date is given both by the year of the Emperor, and the year of the cycle.

T'hung-cJie sJuh urh necn. Kwci yew, 12th year of T'hung-che. 10th year of cycle = 1874. The llth year also commences in 1874.

DATES.

TA MING Dynasty .. 1426 ISA Seuen-te * Ching-t'hung 1436 Hung-woo 1368

King-tae ... 1150 Keen-wan 1399 * T'heen-shun 1457 Yung-lo 1403

' Ching-hwa ... 14G5 Hung-he * Some authorities reverse these two periods they both who was taken belong to the Emperor Yung Ching, held seven prisoner by the Tartars, and captive for yearf. Oriental. 191 $& Pottery and Porcelain.

T'huvg-che ... 1861 mIMIIII Kang-he ... 1662 $IDJ Four Characters.

Ching-hwa... 14;^

a . 11 Probably forgery Yung-ching 1723

Shun-che ... 1641

Keen-lung ... 1736

Zeen-Zttnflr ... 1736

1822 Kea-king ... 1796 Taou-ku-ang

i j/ Han-fung ... 1851 loP! Taou-kwang 1822 1*5.1

Thung-che... 1861

fl Two Characters- Han-fung ... 1851 Name luuii! only.

r/mnsr-c/tc... 186! Oriental. 193

BAT.

Fuh, used as a synonym for happiness.

DRAGON,

With five claws, is an Imperial emblem, with four, of the blood royal, and with three, of the nobility. Lung- fung, a dragon and a phoenix (divine bird of felicitous omen), was a mark of the Scuen-to period, 1426 to H35.

FISH.

The two fish, an emblem of domestic felicity, is a old blue or it is mark usually found on Nankin ware ; one of the earliest known, from 969 to 1106. Cups with handles in the form of- a red fish are of the Scucn-tc period.

FLOWER.

Many varieties of this mark are found in blue and also in colours. A sesamuin flower painted under the foot of a vase, &c., is a mark of Tou-chcou, 969 to 1106. The Che plant, a kind of fungus, used as an emblem of longevity. Pottery ana Porcelain.

Emblem of longevity.

(?) Bat and peach.

(?) The lotus.

Hoa, a small flower p vnted inside a cup, is a mark of the Yung-lo period, 14-3 to 1424. It signifies pleasure in a vicious sense.

FLY, " Or Butterfly, ia found on old Nankin." Oriental. '95

GRASS.

" Tho grass mark" is probably a water plant. About A.D. 960 some such mark was used to denote ware of the best quality.

INSCRIPTIONS.

A great variety are to be met with on old porcelain, often in the place where the European mark is found. Some are compliments and good wishes; others are in of articles inscribed praise the ; many are quotations from the poets and classical authors of all ages. These last are not exemplified.

Tsew, wine. Small white cups thus marked were used by the Emperor Kea-tsing, 1522 to 15G6.

Keen, rectitude. Mark of an early period, said to be on articles sent to disgraced Mandarins.

Show, long life. This is a common Oriental compliment, " May you live for ever," and occurs oftcner character. It has variations than any other many ; sometimes a piece of pottery or porcelain is marked " with a hundred or more j these are called the hundred sliow." 196 Pottery and Porcelain.

Varieties of Show. Longevity.

/*y_>_^%

ffl \/ jj flm \7 03 M i \y

OS) I /)If\ \Jy \/ \/

CT3 jii /ffiil

/03\ AIA

if? * in m m *

m iiFr^ t ^ \/ va/ .fj * /s\ (il Oriental. 197

Show, is also drawn in circular, oval and elongated forms.

In ^/tow; this form is known as the spider mark. m Happiness, divine protection, felicity. II Also written in many different ways. ii mm m 198 Pottery and Porcelain.

Luh Prosperity, wealth, great pos- ( sessions

m A, and found together.

Prosperous.

Kc'ih Felicity, good luck. Jade, a gem, beautiful, precious, valu- | &c. known as the F 31 ^ able, , mark, being I often indistinct, and like that letter. Wan / Literature. On articles made for use of I literarymen,therulingclass of Cliina. Hing Exalted, highly esteemed.

DP (?) Ke A vessel, vase, ability, capacity.

Paou Precious, valuable.

Ting Perfect.

Shun Elegant. Oriental. 199

Koo Antique.

Shing Holy.

Tsuen Complete, perfect, a name.

King Good, excellent, congratulations.

Ch'ha Name.

The five blessings : which are long life, riches, health, the love of virtue, and a natural death.

Precious or valuable jade.

chin Jade of value of Yuh great ; pearl great price.

/ This is an example of the way marks I are usually written.

Wan yuh Kare jade. 2OO Pottery and Porcelain. A Chin ivan ( precious rarity. A valuable curiosity. Veritable jade. Chin

An elegant rarity. Yew wan

Great prosperity,felicity or good fortune. Western The best jade. ) jade comes to China > /% yuh from the West. ) A pivot, and the most polite expression for the house of another. Choo m foo Palace of the centre of the universe mark used 1260-1367. Keang Cang Ginger preserved in syrup. Inexpressibly precious. Paoushing A fruit (colled dates, by Europeans) in syrup Tsaou, fang Choiv Chow. Both marks of the Kea- tsing period, 1 522-66. The arrival of friends. Yew lae Tung gan Name imp on old ware.

Red olive cinnamon. "1

The Tcwei is a me- I Tan Jcwei taphor for literary f honours. Yung ching Name p blue on old ware. Oriental. 201

. , , . f to Trr Made multiplyL J v(or increase the stock Wei foo china \ I of) veined jasper.

"HALL" MARKS.

There has been some uncertainty as to the exact meaning of the word tang, but Mr. Franks has ascer- tained that it means the name of the establishment at which the specimens so marked were made.

Jin ho kwan Hall of brotherhood and peace.

Lull e tang Waving bamboo hall.

/ Hall for the honourable reception of tang ) those who have gone before.

I Hall of ancestors.

Kheytih Made at the Hall of rare jade. tang die

Tsae jun Made at the Hall of brilliant colours. tang che 2O2 Pottery and Porcelain.

CVmw/ tih \ Made at the Hall of virtuous research. |" tang die } * Made at the Hall of f advantage.

ll Ulade at the Hall 01 f \ e the jewelled girdle. 1'***"* Made at the Hall off abundant jade. die (^ tang

Tze tze \ t* Madc ftt the Hall of the violet tang die J embroidery. Ta sh Hall Made at the ofj the tree. die great ( tang

v-ei } King Made at the Hall of wor-

die sni P ant^ veneration. tang J Yan9 ho Made at the encourage- j inentof Hall. harmony \ tang die

Ming \

Full hall of au- Tlie illustrious Fo's (or Buddha) dience or prayer. 9 Yue

Tang Oriental. 203

Beautiful vase (or excellent vessel) of the kca ke jade hall the Academy.

Shin till Made at the Hall of the cultiva- tion of virtue. tang che at R Antique made sJiin till ^ tang the Shin lih \ Hall. J & boo che

Tseushunmei ) f Made at the Hall of beautiful jade. yuh tang che )

flfe King tSen tang C Imitation of antiques made at the King Men Hall, named after a distinguished &, koo che fang ( ^^ FfiU

Fuh kwci Wealth, honours, and a long spring time, .^. or chang chun lasting youth. ^ F*h ku' ci Wealth, honours,

and long life, cj j Mng ming Teen kican May heaven confer happiness. tsze fall 204 Pottery and Porcelain.

wan Wonderful precious stone, resembling jou a jewel.

A gem rare as jade.

Ching yew The elegant collections of the Holy Friends. ya tsc'ih

Pokoo For the learned in antiquities, a valu- chin wan able curiosity. J/L*

Wan yuh Elegant, perfect and precious ting, or metal vase used for burning joss paou ting stick or incense.

Scholarship lofty as the Hills and the Wan shang Great Bear.' Compliment comparing the to the mountain Tae Shan Shan tow recipient and the north pole or star, Pih tow.

Mei yuh Made for the connoisseur of beautiful

ya che jade.

Nan chuen The elegant jade of Nan chuen. kin yuh Oriental. 205

>/l\ t/ffl 2O6 Pottery and Porcelain.

Yung cliing Made for the service of Yung ching. yu die }

Leen cliing \

(?) Name. khe how )

Jo shin &J6 Deep like a treasury

of ems " chintsangf

This mark is of frequent occurrence, but is usually very indistinct.

Keih tscang As fortunate as you can desire. JOU C }

Khe she paou \ , \ A gem among precious vessels of rare

stone ' tiny che chin } Oriental. 207

1 A gem among precious vessels of rare

J acle' ting die chin J

Chung yeumei^ For thfl possessor of a true and faitllful w neart this elegant was made. ? /& iia -he I gem

Showpc nan shan, Long life as south mountain.

Fou jou tung hai, Happiness similar east sea.

Nan-shan is a mountain in Fong-lfiesang-foii. The in- scription may be read, May you live to be as old as the hills, and your happiness be as great as the sea is wide.

LEAF.

The leaf mark is common on of very pieces every period ; probably a leaf of the artemisia, an emblem of good augury. 208 Pottery and Porcelain.

I Oriental. 209

RABBIT, or Hare, sacred to the moon, found on old Nankin ware, an emblem of longevity.

SACRED AXE, so called, it is probably the symbol Fuh embroidered on sacrificial robes an the Emperor's ; perhaps equi- valent for Full, Happiness.

SHELL, a Buddhist emblem, A shell was lent by the Government to the ambassadors to Loochoo, to ensure them a prosperous voyage.

SQUARE.

Faon. Precious, valuable. Pottery and Porcelain.

Kwo, National or Governmental.

Te shan, name.

Shan yiih or Shan wang, name.

On old ware, dragon pattern.

I

old imitated factories of Found on Nankin ware ; by Europe.

Maker or decorator's mark. Called House marks by the Chinese.

Le Chih, name. Oriental. 211

Chung-kith she The Chung-kuh family.

Fou kwci \ Beautiful vase for the wealthy and

Ice or '> or a kea noble ; wealth, honours, and

Jce vast intellect or wong j rapacity.

Ling Chang Made by Ling Chang-tsee. tsee tsaou

Chin chow

Valuable (vase) to explain the future. she ts-uen

Jo shin Deep like a treasury of gems. chin tsang

Made by (or for) the lord of the Heac Heae chuh bamboos. Heae is the name of the place where Ling Lun, minister of choo jin tsam the fabulous Emperor Hwang Ti, cut bamboos to form musical instruments.

Tsun Chin Name. 212 Pottery and Porcelain.

Examples of marks on Canton ware, of recent date

' ' " possibly to represent the Imperial Seal.

SYMBOLICAL ORNAMENTS.

12345 6

Pa-paou. The eight precious things.

1. Pearl or "tide jewel." 2. Probably a coin as an emblem of riches

3. Probably one of the dual symbol (?) the female. 4. Variant of last 01 male of dual symbol. 5. King, emblem of happiness or luck. 6. Pro bably books. 7. Rhinoceros horns. 8. Leaf of artemisia, emblem ol good augury. Oriental. 213

emblems of the Buddhists. Pa die siang. The eight lucky

a chank shell. 3. San, State umbrella. 1. Chung, a bell. 2. Lo, fillets. 5. the lotus, this is always without 14 Kae, a canopy. Hwa, vase with cover. 7. Yu, two fishes uuited by fillets, may 6. , a These 8. Chang, an emblem of longevity. signify domestic felicity. decoration. emblems are found as marks, and are also used in

all creation. Wan-tsc, Ten thousand things, everything, cross of Buddha. The "swastika" or fylfot ;

King, an emblem of good fortune.

when struck ; This is also intended to give forth a sound fork it has been mistaken for it is used as a tuning ; a Masonic emblem.

Gourd, an emblem of longevity, inscribed Full, happi- ness, in "Grass" character.

and musical instruments. Joo-c, or sceptre of longevity, Pottery and Porcelain.

Peach and bat, the peach is an emblem of longevity and the bat of happiness, here they symbolise the phrase Fuh slwiv shwany chucn, a two-fold perpetuation of happiness and longevity.

Pi, a pencil, ting, a cake of ink, joo-e, a sceptre of longevity symbolizing the phrase, Pi ting joo c. May things be fixed as you desire.

Paou. Precious things. Pencil and roll of paper.

TABLE.

Many varieties of this mark are found on old Nankin ware. It was imitated by Delft, Dresden, Worcester, and other factories of Europe. Mr. Franks is of opinion that it is a four-legged vase with a high ear on each side. Probably a wedding cup. Oriental. 1 1 5

These figures occur so often on old ware, especially that intended for sacrificial use, that a few words may be given to explain their purport.

The unbroken line Yang, represents the masculine or line perfection ; the divided Yin, the feminine or imper- fection. The group of four is called the Eze-seang or are the or four similitudes ; the eight Pa-qua eight sym- bols of Foh-he. The circle was added by Choiv, a member of the Sung dynasty, who analysed and explained them. The circle represents the original principle, the waved line dividing it makes the dual power or the active and passive principles of creation, it is called the Tae-Tceih, this when in action, produced a male power, when at rest a female power. From these were generated four visible forms which represent in the innumerable combinations of the eight symbols, the changes and transmutations that take place in nature and in the affairs of the world. 2 1 6 Pottery and Porcelain.

JAPAN.

THE manufacture of pottery is said to date from B.C. 660. A factory was established by Corean potters A.D. 200. The first good glazed pottery was made at Seto about 1230, by Toshiro, who had learnt the art in China. Porcelain is said to have been first made by Gorodaytt Shonsui, who also studied in China, and on his return in 1513 settled in Hizen. The great centre of the Japanese manufacture is in the province of Ilizcn, where twenty-five villages are congregated on a mountain which affords a plentiful supply of material for their work. Other districts have, however, their peculiar wares, some of which are undoubtedly of great antiquity. The marks used in Japan are usually the name of the factory or of all are the maker or decorator ; sometimes given.

DATES are marked in the same fashion as the Chinese, sometimas the year of the period is written :

1580 -u -ju. '_ Y 1653

As a rule it may be assumed that when an article is marked Dai Nipon it is a modern production. Chinese periods are to be found on work made after Chinese patterns. Oriental. 217 218 Pottery and Porcelain.

Kwam-bun

lH IE

1*1 '13 w Oriental. 219

Asahi, Uji, established 1644-47.

Asa-hi, Morning light, so named from colour of the ware ...... imp

Min-pci.

Avvaji, established about 1840 by Ka-sliiu Min-pci. Nipon

(Made by) Kashiu Sanpei in Ka-shiu Awaji, Japan.

San-pci AWATA. Awata, see Kioto.

Banko Kichibei, established by, 1652-60 at Koume-mu- ra, near Tokio, known as Yedo Banko, now closed, imp Ise Banko. ^. Nipon Bartlo. tB Shiba-ta \ Made by Shibata Banko, tsukuru J Japan ... imp

DanTco.

Articles known as Banko ware arc now made at Kmvana, Yokka-ichi, and neighbourhood. 220 Pottery and Porcelain.

Nipon imp Yiu sctsu

Shi-gen, name

F* m \Noteasy ... fe t?o Difficult. Nai yasui J

Banko, The eminent of flowers ... inc

Go-so, name ...... imp

Bizen, supposed date, B.C. 97-30. At Imbe-mura a kiln has been worked since 1390.

llo-kci sci, Made by Rokei, modern mark.

Fujina, commonly called Idsumo ware.

i Fujina, Matsuye. Un-yei, name. Oriental. 221

Hirato, Mikawaji, Hizen, established 1655-57. The ware was made for the use of a prince of the Matsu-ura family, not for sale.

Ilirato, Mikawaji,

Hirato Shi-aye tsukuru, Shiaye maker.

Mikawaji.

Mori Cliikara tsUkuru.

Hirato.

tome yaJcu, The honourable close of burning.

closed the the article so The prince factory ; marked may have been the last fired.

Hizen. A large number of kilns have been worked in this province, but only those so marked are named here.

Ilezen Arita Ka-mi. Arita is an important town where many noted kilns are situated. Kami, name.

Nisid Hczcn Arita yama, West Hezen.

Nan-di sci, Made by Nandi. 222 Pottery and Porcelain.

Shin-po tsuknrn, Made by Shinpo.

Reki-san tsukuru, Made by Rekisan.

Hizen. f * v^ % Sara yama.

Fuka-gawa (sci omitted), Made by ( Yeizayemon} Fuka- gawa at Arita. ;n

Fukami (Suminosukt}.

also Fukami, Arita ; Fuka with Hczen and Great ^~C_j_ Japan.

Eishu Arita.

Ten-tai tsukuru, Made by Tentai. Oriental. 223

Z6-shun tci.

Made at ** Sam-po sci, by Sampo the Zoshun (inclosure of Spring) Hall. JEW Z6-shun tci.

Sai-chi tsukuru, Made by Saichi.

^ Arita ware is also known as Imari. Nichi Hizen. /MflE FuJca-gcvwa sci, Made by Fukagawa of Nichi Hizen. On Okawaji ware.

Imado, Tokio. Origin unknown mp Go'Saburo, name.

or Kutani Kaga ware, established about 17th century. The Kutani, nine valleys ...... p red

Kutani .. p gold 224 Pottery and Porcelain.

Kutani tsukuTUt M.atle at Kutani red

Kaija Kaga

Kutani

Kaga Kutani ... p red

tsukuTU , . . , , p black

..* Dai Nipon, Great Japan. '& H

Kutani sei, Made at Kutani Mack

Kutani name ... blue ~F Bokuzan, p a/

Kutani, in centre the name To a decorator ... p red ti/

Dai Nipon.

To zan no in, Seal of Tozan ... Oriental. 225

To-zan pred

Kiyo-zan, name

Pon-zan ,, imp

Diwo-zo

To-wo p red

Kutani sei, Made at Kutani.

Kaga, Na-Tcen. Kaga Long house p black

Dai Nipon Kutani, omitted.

UcTii-umi kichi-zo, name Pottery and Porcelain.

Fw-zcwi, name, Yuzan Hall, KutanL

, happiness

on ware. Roku, riches Are often found Kaga

Ju, long life / erected Kioto. A potter entitled Nin-sei, 1644-51, them were those still kilns in various places ; amongst working at Awata, Kinkozan, and Kiomidzu.

Nin-sei, Mark of Nonomura Ninsei about 1650 imp

Awata ware.

Nipon Kioto, Japan, Kioto.

Kin ko zan tsukuru, Made by Sobei Kinkozan p gold

. . . Kin ko zan . imp Oriental. 227

Ichi-gaya.

Tan-zan, Mark of Seikai Tanzan imp

Tanzan ...

... p black

Iiva-kura-zan, Mark of I. Kichibeye ... imp

Ho zan, name 228 Pottery and Porcelain.

about Ken-zan t Mark of Ogata Shinsho, 1730...... p brown

Kiomidzu ware.

Sei lean ji, Name of village whence came the maker.

Ddhctchi, name imp

m (Takahashi D.) ...... inc A

Kan-zan, name, K. Denshichi...

04

Sei-fu, name ...... p

With "Great Japan," "maker," etc.

Ki-tei, name, Wake Kitei. Oriental. 229

kiln Kishiu ware. Wakayama, an old-established ; wares greatly improved in 1827.

Kai-raku } ,.. , ,, , f Made at the garden of mingled enjoyment ... imp yen-sai }

Shu-ka Do, Early flower Hall.

Yeiraku ware, made at an old establishment by the Zengoro family. Riyozen (the 10th generation) was the first to make porcelain. The Prince of Kii honoured him with the title Yeiraku, and presented him with the seals used as marks.

^ The branch factory of the river. Seal used by Yeiraku Riyozen about 1810.

Yci-raku, Perpetual enjoyment.

Dai Nipon.

Yca-raJcu tsukivru.

Makuzu, near Kioto.

Fu-ji yo, Made at the Fuji kiln of Makuzu.

Ma-kuzu tsukuru. Pottery and Porcelain.

Makuzuyo ...... p blue

Ko-zan tsukuru, Made by Kozan at the Makuzu kiln.

Minato ware, near Saki, Idsumi. Of great antiquity, it is believed that Giyeji, the inventor of the potter's wheel, was the first to work here.

Minato yaki, Minato ware ...... imp

Mino ware. Worked in 17th century. Porcelain first made in 1810.

Mi i\ Nipon . Made by the pro vince of Kaito

Raku ware, used in the tea ceremonies. Introduced by a Corean named Ameya, 1658-69. He settled at Kioto, and worked with clay found at Juraku. Taiko Hideyoshi honoured the son of Ameya, Chojiro, with a seal engraved RaTcu, enjoyment, since which it is called Raku yaki, and marked with a seal so inscribed.

Seal Sen-raku "\ Made at the Senraku garden. > used by Chojiro Kichizayemon of sei yen ) the llth generation. Oriental. 231

6hi Raku, Ohi-machi, Kaga. Founded 1680 by Chozayemon.

OM, seal used by the fourth C.

Osaka Raku, made by Kikko, 187-.

Kitzu-ko or Kikko.

Tokio Raku, made by Kozawa Benshi, who is still working.

Ni-pon, To-kio\

JaPan MoRaku-ho J

Sado ware. Made of a material found in the mines ; the ware is scarce, and in Japan is valued both as a curiosity and as having some medicinal quality. Small portions are broken off, crushed in the mouth and swallowed for no special disorder, but simply as a good thing to take.

Sado kin gin zan wo moltci mu-mci di kore wo tzukuru. Made of an unnamed material found in the gold and silver mines of Sado. Pottery and Porcelain.

Sho ju May you live 1000 years. sen nen

Jo-zan, name.

All written on the soft clay with a point.

Satsuma, established 1467-86. The Prince brought potters from Corea about 1592, when the well-known ware was first made. No mark is found on old ware.

Satsu-ma.

Naka-jima (sei), Made by N...... p gold 187- date unknown. Seto, Owari, of great antiquity ;

Dai Ni-pon.

Se-to sei, Made at Seto, Great Japan.

Nipon, Seto. Japan, Seto.

Kawa moto, Masu-kichi tsuTcuru, Made by M. Kawamoto. Oriental. 2 33

Dai Hi-pon, Great Japan ...... p blue

Han-mTci sei, Made by Hansuke Kawamoto.

Nipon, Seto.

(?)

of Sei-getsa, name of a celebrated painter porcelain.

Ai-wo, name.

LU. Sin-nan fude, name of decorator. 234 Pottery and Porcelain.

U4

Yama-moto Sho-tan, Name of a celebrated painter of porcelain.

Seto-Suke, Yokkaichi, established 1764-80.

Name of I Se-to-sukt, factory. Shiba.

i* Resident of SMba in ToJcei. i Sei-un-tei, Factory. Hikomaro, name ...... p black

Soma ware, Naga-mura. It is a popular belief in Japan that this is the oldest ware made there, and the possessors of specimens prize them highly. The running horse with which they are decorated probably dates from 1670.

So ma, name imp Oriental. 235

riga, name Kanc-shige imp name

Tokio.

Dai Ni-pon.

Dio-to sei, Maker's name .. p blue

Tokio.

Matsu-moto

Name .. p red yashi-nobo )

Both marks on one piece.

Dio-to, Maker.

Toyo-ura ware, Nagato, established 1716-35.

Toyo-ura yama, Name of factory ... imp

Tozan ware, Himeji.

Hime-ji sei, Made at Himeji. 236 Pottery and Porcelain.

FLOWER.

Many varieties of this mark occur on porcelain both old and of recent date.

LEAF.

And other varieties are often found on porcelain.

INSCRIPTIONS Of a similar character to the Chinese are found on all kinds of ware.

Dzou, long life.

So-wo, name ... hp imp

Kami sci, Kami, maker ... pblue

RaTcu-masa tsukuru ... pred

,, maker.

Huji-nori, name ... ,, pblue Oriental. 237 A P 238 Pottery and Porcelain.

To giyoku yen Made by Gosuki at the jade n*. rr house, h blue / * ~* Gosuki sei pottery p p

The Chinese dates Seuen-tih and Ching-hica are often found on Hezen ware decorated WR with old Nankin patterns.

Made in the Gen-ki years 1570-73.

Kame yama The work of Kameyama. Zo no

Fuku-sJiun ken _ Made by Giyokusei at Returning Spring House. GiyoTcu-sd sei Oriental. 239

Ki-to Teen Made by Hokuhan at the Curious Pottery House. Hoku-han sei

SQUARE.

Called House Marks.

Haict, name of a factory ...... hp p red

blue ) mountain middle, name ,, p

Yeh-san or

one mountain, name ..

Itsi-yama j

Ka, felicity.

Goa, strong, name 240 Pottery and Porcelain.

All on blue decorated ware called Hezen ; marks such

as these are found in great variety, they often differ in a set of cups and saucers that are evidently from the same hand.

Eoku, wealth.

Aoi, blue.

This appears to be "happiness."

IIPM So-wo, name.

Fuku, happiness.

VASE.

it re- This curious mark is impressed and coloured ; and is in- presents a sacred vessel used in sacrificing scribed with the characters Fuku, happiness, and ju, longevity. ^3259 4 o

-

. i BINDING SECT. JUN j 5

NK Hooper, William Harcourt 215 A manual of marks on H6 pottery and porcelain

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