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Prospects of Solar Energy in Rural Areas International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN: 2319-7064 SJIF (2019): 7.583 Prospects of Solar Energy in Rural Areas Netikta Anand Abstract: Today's world is fighting a war which is bigger and severe than any war fought in the past and that is the fight against pollution and depletion of natural resources in every context, be it quantity or quality. This war is being fought in every region of this world as we speak and there is a immediate requirement for a solution to these issues. Amongst all these major problems being faced, usage and implementation of renewable energy is the best and most suitable alternative. For a major aspect of this war, which is now a basic human necessity - electricity, Solar energy is the most viable alternative in order to solve problems related to its production and distribution. In this project we will study facts and figures for implementation of Solar energy and its usage. It is the most abundant form of energy available on the planet which is easy to access and nothing other than a equipments required for electricity production through sunlight which is a 'Solar pannel' is required in order to access it. India is one of those country in this world which is located directly in the position to get huge amount and has high quality of sunlight through the year. Solar power implementation is the best option for people in this country to fight against these problems of pollution and preservation of natural resources. Keywords: Sustainable energy, Solar power implementation, Rural India 1. Introduction and emission of these electrons, produces electricity. This phenomenon is what we term as the 'photo-electric effect' In today's world, where all the natural resources; fuel, gas, which means sunlight converting into a flow of electrons water, forests etc are diminishing at a significant high rate. (electricity). Solar power is a rapidly developing energy The major factor responsible for such effect on the resource source around the world. The potential for using the sun to availability and atmospheric conditions is largely shared by directly supply our power needs is huge. Also, once made, the high rate of the increasing population worldwide. It has solar panels can generate electricity without nearly any increased in the numbers which are substantially countable waste or pollution. This means that there is no dependence in millions, in the last ten years. This not only increases the on the Earth’s natural resources which can be a potential rate for the consumption of such resources but also takes a alternative for consumption of these resources and reduction huge toll on the atmosphere in terms of pollution: increased in pollution. They have no moving parts so modules are very use of plastic, less knowledge of recycling and reusing reliable and have a long life span. The most important resources, whereas regulated use of such resources is also benefit of Solar panels is that they are relatively easy to not visible. install and are very low maintenance, also Solar panels allow you to generate power close to the place of Increase in number of human life also constitutes a huge consumption. This removes the need to transport and amount of requirement for the basic necessities such as food, distribute electricity over long distances to remote areas. shelter and electricity. It has become difficult, for the government bodies, to provide each and every individual 2. Review of Literature living in different regions of their countries with such basic requirements. For this, new plans are laid down which Palit, Debajit (2014) mentions that solar photovoltaic include construction of new food sectors, residential technology has been used for providing electricity access in complexes and electrical power plants. Further explaining, remote, forested habitations and islands in India. Under the food and residential necessities are fulfilled by the Remote Village Electrification Programme by the implementations made as mention above whereas Government of India, around 12,000 villages and hamlets production of electricity, to meet such high demands have been electrified using solar energy. The state of requires development of new power plants which run on the Chhattisgarh in Central India has alone been able to electrify natural resources such as petroleum or coal as a fuel. This around 1,400 remote and forested villages through solar leads to increasing pollution in the atmosphere, and is a mini-grids. The strong policy support and an effective major reason for global warming but even with such maintenance and an oversight mechanism have been the key enormous rate of pollution, production of electricity cannot contributing factors for the success of this initiative. be decreased as it is required by nearly every sector in an economy. To fight this problem, there is an alternative Jolly, Suyash (2017) highlights that rapidly developing resource which can be used as a source of electricity with countries like India face numerous challenges related to microscopic emission and low investment which is – 'Solar social and environmental sustainability, which are associated energy'. It is one of those natural resources present in our with their fast economic growth and rising energy demand. environment which is most abundant and is available at For this, the initiative of off-grid PV solar energy in India, nearly every place where human life exists. specifically homing in on the innovative business models are evolving. This is found to be quite successful, but have With the use of solar energy, we can produce electricity difficulty in terms of reaching the poorest of the poor. through 'solar panels'. They produce electricity when they are directly exposed to sunlight. These panels consist of a Venkateswaran, Jayendran (2018) highlights that around number of Solar Cells which are made from a compound - 1.2 billion people in the world lack electricity, 244 million 'Silicon'. When exposed, the light (photons) striking the of which are in India. Most reside in low-income households compounds, in particular metals, causes the surface of the in geographically dispersed rural areas. Many households material to emit electrons which, through further movement are dependent on inefficient kerosene for lighting. Indoor Volume 10 Issue 2, February 2021 www.ijsr.net Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY Paper ID: SR21218001806 DOI: 10.21275/SR21218001806 1564 International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN: 2319-7064 SJIF (2019): 7.583 kerosene combustion without proper ventilation poses feasible for grid connection/extension in partnership with significant health risks including pulmonary disorders and the local government units, semi-private and private dermal ailments and its byproducts also contribute to climate sectors. altering black carbon emissions. Solar PV technology offers Plan and execute an integrated programme on an immediate lighting solution for rural households with development and implementation of renewable energy limited or no access to electricity. Advantages of solar PV projects include decentralized availability capable of reaching remote Apply solar energy technology as the enabling technology areas, easy management, sufficient light output, portability for sustainable development. for indoor and outdoor domestic lighting, and no indoor pollution. 3. Methodology Dhiman, Brajesh (2019) mentions in his book that societal In the following project, the knowledge and facts are relevance plays an important role in the dissemination of gathered from newsletters and reports published in solar photovoltaic home system design in rural context, as it newspapers and online on blogs and journals writted by syndicates economic benefits for livelihood improvement various environmental activists which are working and along with social and environmental advantage. promoting solar energy as a most valuable source of Furthermore, socially constructed design facilitates the renewable energy. We take into consideration the unique progress of a rural community in a wider context such as nature of solar power generation in which systems produce upscaling the rural livelihood, generating microenterprise electricity on peak, produce power at the location of use, do opportunities, etc. Energy poverty is one of the main not require continuous fuel purchases, and have significant concerns especially for the development of Northeastern security and environmental advantages over fossil fuels. states of India. This creates a disparity, leading to economic These characteristics generally increase the value of solar backwardness of the region. In this regard, socially electricity as they allow utilities to avoid the costs of fuel, constructed energy solutions emerged as an integral part of plant, reserve capacity, transmission, and distribution in growth and development with the adoption of small-scale their centralized assets. solar photovoltaics home system in the rural northeast India. This approach could overcome present challenges like lack Solar Energy Analysis in Rural Areas of involvement of local stakeholders and lack of In India, rural population accounts for 67 per cent of the employment-related opportunities necessary to facilitate the total population and 37 per cent of its GDP. While the diffusion of solar photovoltaics home system to the rural overall Indian economy is expected to grow in excess of 7 household. As a result, socially constructed energy solutions per cent – the fastest amongst
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