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Istiaiaστιαία 23 22 24 Ιστιαία: Η «Πολυστάφυλος» Ομηρική Πόλη

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Istiaiaστιαία 23 22 24 Ιστιαία: Η «Πολυστάφυλος» Ομηρική Πόλη ΙISTIAIAστιαία 23 22 24 Ιστιαία: Η «πολυστάφυλος» ομηρική πόλη ισΤιαια ΓεώΓραΦιΚα τοποθετείται στο βόρειο η ώρεός αποτελούσε δήμο της ιστιαίας, στον οποίο κατά τον τμήμα της εύβοιας, στο κέντρο καταπράσινης και 5ο αιώνα π.Χ. εγκαταστάθηκαν από τον περικλή 2..000 αθηναίοι εύφορης πεδιάδας. είναι χτισμένη σε υψόμετρο 35 κληρούχοι. Η εγκατάσταση αυτή έλαβε χώρα ύστερα από την Η μέτρων από την επιφάνεια της θάλασσας και απέχει καταστροφή της ιστιαίας περί το 446 – 445 π.Χ. Όπως λέγεται, 5 χιλιόμετρα από αυτή. ο πολιτικός κατέστρεψε την πόλη ως αντεκδίκηση, επειδή είχε σύμφωνα με τη μυθολογία, το όνομα της ιστιαίας οφείλεται στην αποστατήσει από την α΄ αθηναϊκή συμμαχία που είχε συγκροτηθεί ομώνυμη νύμφη, κόρη του υριέα (γιου του ποσειδώνα και της το 478 π.Χ. οι κάτοικοι της πόλης, στων οποίων τα κτήματα αλκυόνης) και αδελφή του ώρεού. επίσης, το όνομα πιθανολογείται εγκαταστάθηκαν οι κληρούχοι, αναγκάστηκαν να καταφύγουν στην ότι προέρχεται από τις λέξεις «ιστίον» ή «ιστός», λόγω της περιοχή της μακεδονίας. σύμφωνα λοιπόν με αυτή την άποψη, η μεγάλης παραγωγής καταρτιών για την κατασκευή πλοίων από τα ώρεός αντικατέστησε την ιστιαία, με αποτέλεσμα αργότερα να δένδρα του Τελεθρίου Όρους. επέλθει σύγχυση και να ταυτιστεί με την αρχαιότερη πόλη. Ιστιαία και Ωρεοί κατά την αρχαιότητα: Η Ιστιαία κατά την προϊστορική Δύο πόλεις ή μία; και την ομηρική εποχή Όσον αφορά στον οικισμό της ιστιαίας κατά την αρχαιότητα, Η ιστορία της ιστιαίας χάνεται στα βάθη των αιώνων. οι πρώτοι έχουν διατυπωθεί δύο διαφορετικές απόψεις. ώστόσο, η ιστορική οικισμοί που έχουν εντοπιστεί στην περιοχή της βόρειας έρευνα εξακολουθεί μέχρι και σήμερα να μην είναι σε θέση να εύβοιας χρονολογούνται στη νεολιθική περίοδο (6500–3000 π.Χ.). δώσει σαφείς απαντήσεις. σύμφωνα με την πρώτη, ιστιαία και ανάμεσα σε αυτούς είναι και η ιστιαία. ακολούθως, ευρήματα που ώρεός αποτελούσαν μία πόλη η οποία προσδιοριζόταν κατά τα χρονολογούνται περίπου στο 2000 π.Χ. μαρτυρούν την ύπαρξη παλαιότερα χρόνια με το πρώτο όνομα και μεταγενέστερα με οικισμών της μεσοελλαδικής περιόδου (2000 / 1900–1650 / 1600 π.Χ.) το δεύτερο. Την παραδοχή αυτή υιοθετεί μεταξύ άλλων και ο στην περιοχή μεταξύ της ιστιαίας και των ώρεών. παυσανίας (2ος αιώνας μ.Χ.). στον αντίποδα, ο θεόπομπος ο Χίος, στην αρχαιότητα η ιστιαία υπήρξε μία από τις πιο σημαντικές αρχαίος ιστορικός και ρήτορας που έζησε κατά τον 4ο αιώνα π.Χ., παραλιακές πόλεις της εύβοιας. πέρα από τις μυθολογικές υποστηρίζει ότι πρόκειται για δύο χωριστές πόλεις. Κατ’ αυτόν, αναφορές, ως τοπωνύμιο η ιστιαία απαντά σε πηγές της αρχαίας ελληνικής γραμματείας ήδη από τους πολύ πρώιμους χρόνους. Η Αριστερή σελίδα. Ένα από τα διατηρητέα νεοκλασικά της Ιστιαίας. πρώτη σχετική μνεία στις αρχαίες πηγές πραγματοποιείται από Left Page. One of the listed buildings of Istiaia. τον Όμηρο στην Ιλιάδα (ραψωδία Β΄ / στίχοι 535 – 542), στο πλαίσιο 25 Istiaia: The Homeric «town full of vines» STIAIA IN ANCIENT TIMES was one of the most important coastal residences in Evia. The first indications about human presence on the area date back to the Neolithic Period (6500 - Ι3000 BC), whereas findings dated at about 2000 BC suggest that human presence at the area might actually date back to the Middle Helladic Period (2000 / 1900-1650 / 1600 B.C.). Forces from Istiaia fought during the Trojan War (13th or 12th century BC), as noted by Homer in his monumental work “Iliad”. Namely, the author of the Homeric epics called the area ‘rich in vineyards’, an indication of the commercial scale of exploitation of the vineyards grown in the city of Istiaia. Geometric, archaic and classical periods Istiaia continued to prosper both after the Trojan War, and during the Dorian Descent (around the 12th century BC), and in the years following the 8th century BC. During the first period of prosperity, the development of the area was partly due to the fact that no invasion by the Dorians was noted to the island of Evia, while during the second it is inextricably linked with the colonial activity of the city. Istiaia, however, was adversely affected by the Battle of Artemisio (480 BC) following an act of treason committed by one of its inhabitants victory finally went to the Persian invaders, which, in combination with the simultaneous prevalence of their forces in the Battle of Thermopylae, forced their opponents to retreat from Artemisio towards the island Οι αναφορές για την Ιστιαία στον Όμηρο καταδεικνύουν τη μακραίωνη ιστορία της. The references to Istiaia in the Homer’s epics demonstrate its long history. 26 της αναλυτικής απαρίθμησης των δυνάμεων που εκστρατεύουν από ονομασία του ποταμού Ξηριά. τον ελλαδικό χώρο εναντίον της Τροίας: «οι δε κατοικούντες την Όσον αφορά στην ονομασία «Αβαντίς», με την οποία προσδιορίζεται εύβοιαν ανδρείοι Άβαντες / και τη Χαλκίδα και την ερέτριαν και η εύβοια στην Ιλιάδα, αυτή υποδηλώνει ότι οι Άβαντες, ένα την πολυστάφυλη ιστιαία / …ηγεμόνευε ο ελεφήνωρ, ο τρομερός φιλοπόλεμο ελληνικό φύλο, είχαν κυριαρχήσει για ένα διάστημα σε πολεμιστής / γιος του Χαλκόδοντα, αρχηγός των μεγαλόκαρδων ολόκληρο το νησί. σύμφωνα με τη μυθολογική παράδοση, ο βασιλιάς αβάντων / αυτόν λοιπόν ακολούθησαν οι ταχείς και μακράν κόμην τους Χαλκόδων είχε υποτάξει πριν από το ξέσπασμα του Τρωικού έχοντες Άβαντες». με βάση το παραπάνω απόσπασμα, μπορούμε πολέμου τους θηβαίους, αλλά αυτοί εξεγέρθηκαν εναντίον του. να εξάγουμε το συμπέρασμα ότι η ενεργός συμμετοχή της ιστιαίας στη σύγκρουση που ακολούθησε κατόρθωσαν να τον φονεύσουν. στον Τρωικό πόλεμο (13ος ή 12ος αιώνας π.Χ.) σχετιζόταν με την αργότερα, ο ελεφήνωρ, ο γιος του Χαλκόδοντα, οδήγησε τους οικονομική ανάπτυξη της ευβοϊκής πόλης. Άβαντες που συγκεντρώθηκαν από όλη την ευβοϊκή επικράτεια Ένας από τους παράγοντες που συνετέλεσαν στην οικονομική στον πόλεμο που κηρύχθηκε από τα βασίλεια του ελλαδικού χώρου αυτή ανάπτυξη ήταν η εμπορική εκμετάλλευση των αμπελιών της. εναντίον της Τροίας. από τον στράβωνα, τέλος, πληροφορούμαστε ότι Δεν είναι τυχαίος άλλωστε ο χαρακτηρισμός «πολυστάφυλος» το νησί ονομαζόταν και «ελλοπία», από τον Έλλοπα, γιο του Ίωνα, που της αποδίδεται από τον συγγραφέα των ομηρικών επών. Η και από τους Έλλοπες που είχαν εγκατασταθεί στην ιστιαία, αλλά και ευφορία των εδαφών της περιοχής οφειλόταν στο ότι την πεδιάδα «Όχη», από το ομώνυμο βουνό της νότιας εύβοιας. της ιστιαίας διέσχιζε ο ποταμός Ξηριάς, ο οποίος μνημονεύεται από τον στράβωνα στο έργο του ως «Κάλλαντας ποταμός». Κατά Η Ιστιαία κατά τη Γεωμετρική τον γεωγράφο, φιλόσοφο και ιστορικό, που έζησε από τα μέσα του και την Αρχαϊκή Περίοδο 1ου αιώνα π.Χ. μέχρι και τις αρχές του 1ου αιώνα μ.Χ., η πόλη ήδη από την ομηρική περίοδο ήταν χτισμένη σε τοποθεσία, της οποίας Κατά τη διάρκεια της λεγόμενης Γεωμετρικής περιόδου, ο Τρωικός το όνομα ήταν Δρυμός, στους πρόποδες του Τελεθρίου Όρους. Το πόλεμος και η Κάθοδος των Δωριέων (περί τον 12ο αιώνα π.Χ.) τοπωνύμιο «Ξηροχώρι», που χρησιμοποιείται για την εύβοια από επέφεραν την παρακμή του μυκηναϊκού πολιτισμού (1600–1100 π.Χ.). τη Βυζαντινή περίοδο και μετά, προφανώς προέρχεται από την παρά τη γενική αναστάτωση που σημειώνεται στον ελλαδικό χώρο, Η νύμφη Ιστιαία εξαιρετικά σπάνιο, κατασκευάσθηκε στο δεύτερο μισό του 4ου αι.. π.χ., με βάρος 5,55 γρ. επικεφαλής, η νύμφη ιστιαία με στεφάνι από φύλλα αμπέλου και τα σταφύλια, εν είδει μενταγιόν στο αυτί. πίσω, η νύμφη ιστιαία με μακρύ χιτώνα στην πρύμνη του πλοίου κάθεται στα δεξιά, κρατώντας τρόπαιο στο αριστερό χέρι. αποτελεί το σημαντικότερο νόμισμα των ιστιαιέων. επισήμως, υπάρχουν τρία. Το τελευταίο πωλήθηκε σε δημοπρασία του εξωτερικού το 2001. αποτελεί διακαή πόθο κάθε σοβαρού συλλέκτη αρχαίων νομισμάτων. Βρίσκεται σε ιδιωτική συλλογή του εξωτερικού (φωτογραφία του Γιάν. σκιαθίτη). 27 28 Αριστερή σελίδα. Τοπίο στον Βόρειο Ευβοϊκό κόλπο. WORDSWORTH, Christopher. La Grèce pittoresque et historique, Παρίσι, L. Curmer, 1841. (Ιδιωτική Συλλογή). Πηγή: Ίδρυμα Αικατερίνης Λασκαρίδη. Άνω. Χάρτης της Εύβοιας με τις ακτές της Αττικής και της Βοιωτίας. BORDONE, Benedetto. Isolario di Benedetto Bordone nel qual si ragiona di tutte l’isole del mondo, con li lor nomi antichi & moderni, historie, favole, & modi del loro vivere, & in qual parte del mare stanno, & in qual parallelo & clima giaciono. Ricoreto, & di nuovo ristampato. Con la gionta del monte del Oro novamente ritrovato. Con il Breve del Papa et gratia & privilegio della Illustrissima Signoria di Venetia come in queli appare, Βενετία, 1547. Πηγή: Βιβλιοθήκη Ιδρύματος Αικατερίνης Λασκαρίδη. Left Page. Landscape in the northern Evoekos Bay. WORDSWORTH, Christopher. La Grèce pittoresque et historique, Paris, L. Curmer, 1841. (Private Collection) Source: Aikaterini Laskaridis Foundation. Upper. Map of Evia with the coasts of Attica and Boeotia. BORDONE, Benedetto. Isolario di Benedetto Bordone nel qual si ragiona di tutte l’isole del mondo, con li lor nomi antichi & moderni, historie, faVole, & modi del loro vivere, & in qual parte del mare stanno, & in qual parallelo & clima giaciono. Ricoreto, & di nuovo ristampato. Con la gionta del monte del Oro novamente ritrovato. Con il Breve del Papa et gratia & privilegio della Illustrissima Signoria di Venetia come in queli appare, Venice, 1547. Source: Aikaterini Laskaridis Foundation Library. 29 of Salamis. Both the city of Istiaia and the nearby settlements and that the city was chosen by Pericles to set an example for anyone and all villages of Northern Evia were looted by the Persian troops. that decided to challenge the might of Athens. The Athenian forces easily Following the final retreat of the Persian forces from Greece, Istiaia captured Evia, imposing less severe punishments to the rest of the island, benefited from an uneventful and peaceful time period, on which the main when compared to the retaliation against the town of Istiaia. The reason focus was on restoring the damages caused by the Persian occupation that caused Pericles’ wrath was that during the revolt the residents of the as retaliation to the city being an ally of the city of Athens. The city was a city captured an Athenian warship and killed all its crew and occupants. member of the First Athenian Alliance already from its establishment (478 All residents were exiled to Thessaly and their estates were distributed BC).
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