29780 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 10, 1976 tion to Federal agencies. Provides criminal the Aged and Other Social Security Bene­ for telephone exchange service. Requires the and civil penalties for violations of this Act. ficiaries designed to reflect the relevant price Federal Communications Commission to H.R. 15178. August 10, 1976. Merchant Ma­ information for individuals, as a group, who make specific findings in connection with rine and Fisheries. Authorizes the Secretary are 65 years of age or older or are otherwise Commission actions authorizing specialized of the Army to oversee the work necessary to entitled to monthly benefits under the pro­ carriers. increase the capacity and improve the op­ gram of Old-Age, Survivors; and Disability H.R. 15186. August 10, 1976. Ways and erations of the Panama Canal through the Insurance of the Socia-I Security Act. Means. Amends the Social Security Act by adaptation of the Third Locks project. Es­ H.R. 15183. August 10, 1976. Public Works removing the limitation upon the amount of tablishes the Panama Canal Advisory and In­ and Transportation. Amends the Federal Avi­ outside income which an individual may spection Board to study and review all plans ation Act of 1958 to allow air carriers to of­ earn while receiving Old-Age, Survivors, and and designs for the Third Locks project. Re­ fer reduced-rate transportation on a space­ Disability Insurance benefits. quires the Board to report to the Governor available basis to persons who are 65 years H.R. 15187. August 10, 1976. Interstate and of the Canal Zone, the President, and the of age or older or 21 years of age or younger, Foreign Commerce. Specifies the minimum Congress. to handicapped persons, and to an attendant annual rate of basic pay for the Assistant H.R. 15179. August 10, 1976. Interstate and of such a handicapped person. Secretary for Health of the Department of Foreign Commerce. Eliminates the require­ H .R. 15184. August 10, 1976. Interstate and Health, Education, and Welfare, the Director ment, under the Federal Food, Drug, and Foreign Commerce. Amends the Public of the National Institutes of Health, and Cosmetic Act, that new drugs will be regu­ Health Service Act to make the United States the Director of each institute within the lated according to their effectiveness. States liable for claims for personal injury or death National Institutes of Health. that such drugs will be regulated solely to resulting from the administration of vaccine H.R. 15188. August 10, 1976. Post Office and assure their safety. under the national swine flu innoculation Civil Service. Provides, under the Legislative Reorganization Act, that pay adjustments H.R. 15180. August 10, 1976. Interstate and program where such claims are based upon the act or omission of a program participant for Members of Congress may take effect no Foreign Commerce. Eliminates the require­ earlier than the beginning of the Congress ment, under the Federal Food, Drug, and (except in cases of negligence) . Establishes procedures for bringing sudh next following the Congress in which they Cosmetics Act, that new drugs will be regu­ are approved. lated according to their effectiveness. States actions. Makes the remedy accorded by this Act the exclusive legal remedy. H.R. 15189. August 10, 1979. Post Office and that such drugs will be regulated solely to Civil Service. Provides, under the Legislative assure their safety. H.R.·15185. August 10, 1976. Interstate and Reorganization Act, that pay adjustments for H.R. 15181. August 10, 1976. Ways and Foreign Commerce. Reaffirms the intent of Members of Congress may •take effect no Means. Authorizes semiannual computation Congress with respect to the structure of the earlier than the beginning of the Congress of cost-of-living increases in Old Age, Sur­ common carrier telecommunications indus­ next following the Congress in which they vivors and Disability Insurance benefits un­ try rendering services in interstate and for­ are approved. eign commerce. Grants additional author­ der the Social Security Act. H.R. 15190. August 10, 1979. Judiciary. Di­ H.R. 15182. August 10, 1976. Ways and ity to the Federal Communications Com­ rects the Secretary of the Treasury to pay a Means. Authorizes and directs the Secretary mission to authorize mergers of carriers specified sum to a certain individual in full of Labor, through the Bureau of Labor Sta­ when deemed to be in the public interest. settlement of such individual's claims against tistics, to prepare, as part of the Consumer Reaffirms the authority of the States to reg­ the United States arising from his evacuation Price Index, the Consumer Price Index for ulate terminal and station equipment used from Saigon, Vietnam, in April, 1975. EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS JASON JAY MEADOWS CALLED FOR thoughts. I ask unanimous consent that erance toward another's viewpoint without A DECLARATION OF SELF­ excerpts from his prepared remarks be any smugness about your own view." An­ DEPENDENCE IN AN UNDELIV­ printed in the RECORD. other reply was: "Giving of one's self or There being no objection, the excerpts means without any thought of reward or of ERED SPEECH recognition." A third was "Refusal to judge were ordered to be printed in the RECORD ~ another's actions or motives without first HON. JENNINGS RANDOLPH as follows: knowing what lies behind them." The fourth Mr. Commander, Guests, Members: person said: "Forgiving wrongs done us with OF WEST VIRGINIA . You all know that I hold your invitation to no thought of recrimination or retaliation." IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES be here as a distinct honor and privilege as As the talk went round the table, it came you bring to a conclusion the week's observ­ Friday, September 10, i976 to me that most of the people were naming ation that included the worthy and signifi­ some aspect of the noblest and rarest of all Mr. RANDOLPH. Mr. President, last cant objectives: Religious Freedom, Honor human graces: forgiving loyalty; magnan­ April a cherished friend, Jason Jay America, Community Services Day, Educa­ imity; rising above pettiness or meanness; Meadows, from my hometown of Elkins, tion Day, Help the Needy Day, Uniformed generosity, a major virtue which at any level Services Day, and Loyalty Day. My invitation sweetens life, and at the highest level, glori­ had prepared a speech for Loyalty Day was to attend to Loyalty, defined by the fies it. ceremonies at the Tygart Valley Post dictionary as: Now that we agree what we are talking 3647 of the Veterans of Foreign Wars. "Faithful to love, promise, or duty, as a about, let me invite you to consider how our Jason was a former Randolph County faithful husband; Faithful to one's country nation came to be, back there in the early Superintendent of Schools. The speech or government, ·as a loyal citizen; Charac­ 1770's. Bear in mind that the colonists at he was to have delivered contained an terized by showing faithfulness to obliga­ first did not intend to revolt; there was no excellent assessment of moral and hu­ tions, duties, contracts; One who is true, planned revolution. All those good men man qualities. He had given more than devoted, constant." wanted to do was to get their mother coun­ Now, to men who have demonstrated try to treat them fairly, justly, honestly. King 42 years of service to public education, loyalty beyond that of other veterans, the George's stupid stubbornness, his unin­ starting as a teacher in a one-room Veterans of Foreign Wars, attention to this formed advisors, their harsh and tyrannical schoolhouse. He became Superintendent quality, this trait of genuine character, may replies to the entreaties of the colonists­ of Schools for Randolph County, of come belatedly, many, many years belatedly. all this encouraged, indeed, formed the idea which Elkins is the county seat, in 1971. This may be exemplified by asking you to re­ of separating from England. This resulted in Under his leadership the county realized call, in the early 1940's, your first Sunday the formation of the Continental Congress real progress in replacing outmoded aboard ship on the way to wherever you were to consider what should be done. These men facilities with new buildings, including a destined. Remember? A fellow viewed things decided after long and thorough debate to quite differently, I daresay. I surely did! separate from England, their country. much needed vocational center. The ad­ Recently at a Davis and Elkins College Each time we review history we are more dress Jay Meadows was to have given gathering for foreign students (D. & E. has and more impressed with the amazing bril­ stressed the character traits of our now enrolled some 84 students from twenty­ liance of the minds of these men, the clarity Founding Fathers, and called for a four foreign nations), a fellow at our table of their perception, and the thoroughness ot declaration of self-dependence for told us of a device he had: throwing out a their understanding. During the long, hot Americans. challenge topic to get the conversation going summer, every aspect of the action was According to his wife, Margaret, he when there were people present who had analyzed with the risks involved. The risks never met before. His device was very clever, were enormous. These men were risking gave of 'himself in the prepara ti on of his yet very simple. It was to throw out a topic, everything, as they said when they signed address. In the early morning of May 1, social, political, or philosophical, and invite the Declaration of Independence, and "to this of the day he was to speak, our friend each guest to air his opinion. The topic he we pledge our lives, our fortunes, and our was stricken with a heart attack which demonstrated to us was this: "What quality sacred honor." All to signify loyalty, faith­ resulted in his death 13 days later. in human character do you consider the most fulness, duty, and honor! ... Mr. President, there is wisdom in Jay's admirable of all?" Well, one reply was: "Tol- What is our declaration of independence September 10, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29781 in 1976? What should be our declaration of erign control over the U.S. Canal Zone modified in part by the 1936 Treaty between self-dependence in 1976? and the Panama Canal has become a the two Governments, states: Are we courageous enough to say that we major national issue. Extensive indica­ ARTICLE II believe the principles which rule the con­ tions are that the sovereign people of the The Republic of Panama grants to the science of the individual should also rule the United States in perpetuity the use, occupa­ conscience of the government? Do we hold United States, in spite of a major propa­ ganda campaign waged under the guid­ tion and control of a zone of land and land that government waste in any form is in­ under water for construction, maintenance, tolerable and that just as a family cannot ance of the Department of State, operation, sanitation, and protection of said for long spend more than it earns, neither strongly oppose the projected surrender canal of the width of ten miles extending to can a government? Do you hold that respect that is being so strenuously supported the distance of five miles on each side of is the root of morality, and that disrespect by elements in the Department of State. center line of the route of the Canal to be for oneself, for others, or for the nation or Among these opponents are various ~onstructed; the said zone beginning in the its flag is contrary to the American spirit? Caribbean Sea three miles from mean low Do you believe that self-dependence pro­ veteran organizations the membership of which includes many who have served water mark extending to and across the Isth­ duces self-respect; therefore, to help a man mus of Panama into the Pacific Ocean to a to be self-dependent is admirable, while to in the Armed Forces in the Canal Zone distance of three marine miles from mean do permanently for .a man what he can do and know the Isthmian situation from low water mark with the proviso that the and should do for himself is contrary to and firsthand observation. Also included cities of Panama and Colon and the harbors destructive of the American tradition? Is among those opponents are eminent adjacent to said cities, which are included there still a belief in our beloved nation in students of global strategy and the cur­ within the boundaries of the zone a'bove de­ the dignity of labor and the pursuit of ex­ rent geopolitical struggle for world scribed shall not be included within this cellence? Do we feel that striving for the grant ... most pay for the least amount of work is domination. immoral? Do we think we can strengthen In this conflict, the canal is a focal The Republic of Panama further grants in issue because it is a . vital element of like manner to the United States in perpe­ the weak by weakening the strong? tuity all islands within the limits of the zone If we agree on these things, we are saying American sea power and a crucial point above descri·bed and in addition thereto the that the moral strength of the nation is just for tlie defense of the Caribbean-Gulf of as strong as the ·moral strength of its in­ group of small islands in the Bay of Panama, Mexico danger zone. It is not a "mere na:rped Perico, Naas, Culebra and Flamence; dividuals. We then as loyal Americans com­ shopping center" for placing on an auc­ mit ourselves to the pursuit of labor, excel­ ana lence, respect, thrift, independence, and tion block, but a world canal built by the Whereas, the United States of America has peace. I consider "In God We Trust" a pro­ United States and paid for by its tax­ fully met its obligations to Panama under found statement of our national commit­ payers in compliance with treaty com­ existing treaty arrange·ments and, moreover, ment and I believe that a democracy without mitments for its construction and per- has efficiently and responsibly accommodated a commitment to God is a departure from petual operation. · an ever-increasing number of transits and the original ideas of our forefathers. In connection with the current clamor amount of tonnage through the canal; and Why is America on its 200th birthday still Whereas, the revolutionary government of for its giveaway to Panama, it must be Panama, a product of coup d'etat, has since the most admired, most sought after, most realized that this small country is only desired land on earth, to which countless June 1971, under the guise of seeking new millions of people would run, walk, crawl, or the tip of the iceberg." Allied with the canal treaty arrangements, undertaken a creep to enter? Why is this most favored na­ Havana-Moscow axis, it is only a puppet bitter and sustained campaign of anti-Amer­ tion the envy of the world? There are count­ supporting Soviet designs for securing ican propaganda fueled in large part by less reasons, as countless as the people want­ control over strategic waterways. Thus, Cuban and Soviet Communists; and ing to come here, but probably the most as has been stated many times in the Whereas, given the emotionally irrational compelling of all the reasons is that our land Congress, the real issue involved in the situation in Panama, a political/psychologi­ has a way for what the sociologists call 'up­ cal "timef>omb" is being consciously fabri­ Canal Zone sovereignty question is not cated by the revolutionary government of ward mobility.' This is a most precious at­ between the United States and Panama tribute. It prevents disadvantaged people Panama set to explode to the detriment of the from feeling locked into ugly situations from but between the United States and the United States and the world shipping com­ which no escape is possible. It prevents peo­ U.S.S.R., which makes it a matter of munity, as was the case in the abortive meet­ ple from feeling that a revolution is.the only global significance that cannot be ing of the UN Security Council in Panama way out. Our country has an orderly proce­ ignored, except at our peril. and the subsequent threat to the U.S./UN dure whereby everybody has a fighting chance The resolution adopted at the 1976 Ambassador and the Panamanian dictator's to win an education, land a good job, and annual conventions on the Panama "red carpet treatment" in Cuba; and make a contribution to a better way of life Canal by both the American Legion and Whereas, due largely to our unswerving for all. the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the V.F.W. support, more than one-third of the My hope for America is sustained mostly U.S. Senate, led by Senators Thurmond (S.C.) on this one reason, because I was born like United States are notable in several re­ and McClellan (Ark.), has gone on record in many others into extremely poor circum­ spects. opposition to the unprincipled "Statement of stances through no fault of my parents. I The sovereign control by the United Principles" signed by the Administration and am convinced that in any other country than States over the CanalJ. Zone is not nego­ the Panamanians, and a parallel effort is be­ ours I could never have escaped the poverty tiable. Differences between canal au­ ing conducted in the House of Representa­ we knew as children. In no other country thorities and the Republic of Panama tives led by Congressman Dan Flood (Pa.); would I have received an education nor should be resolved on the spot without now, therefore would I have ever had any chance to better disturbing present treaty arrangements, Be it resolved, by the 77th National Con~ myself in every detail. Never would I have vention of the Veterans of Foreign Wars of been permitted to become a learned man or and the election of a nonvoting delegate the United States, that: to work in difficult fields of endeavor or in the Congress by U.S. citizens residing (a) U.S. operation, control and defense of hold high offices. in the zone should be promptly author­ the Canal are non-negotiable; In any other country I would have been ized as was done for Guam, the Virgin ( b) tensions re la ting to the administration limited to the most menial jobs, never being Islands, and the District of Columbia. of the Canal Zone be resolved on the spot allowed to learn much, but just doing the But most important is the major in­ without disturbing present treaty arrange- hardest type of labor for the lowest wage. crease of capacity and operational im­ ments; . America provided me an escape, not easy, provement of the existing Panama Canal (c) U.S. citizens and employees in the not free, but it was there for my salvation. Canal Zone continue to meet their responsi­ I am forever grateful. under existing treaty provision as pro­ vided in H.R. 15178, introduced by Rep­ bilities under U.S. Sovereignty; resentatives M. GENE SNYDER of Ken­ {d) the foregoing position be again com­ municated to both the President and the tucky and DANIEL J. FLOOD of Pennsyl.. Congress; and U.S. CANAL ZONE SOVEREIGN CON­ vania (CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Aug. 10. ( e) the Panama Canal Zone send to the TROL: AMERICAN LEGION' AND 1976, pp. 26851-26853). Congress of the United States a delegate such VFW OPPOSE In order that the indicated resolu­ as is done by Puerto Rico, the District of tions may be readily available for alJ.l Columbia, and the Virgin Islands. Members of the Congress as well as to HON. JOHN M. MURPHY candidates for public office, I include APPROVED TRANSFERS OF NEW YORK both as part of my remarks: Resolution 90 (Kentucky) "The Panama IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES RESOLUTION No. 414: U.S. SOVEREIGNTY OVER Canal" Consolidated with Res. Nos. 62 Friday, September 10, 1976 THE "U.S. CANAL,, LOCATED ON THE ISTHMUS (Utah), 67 (Miss.), 121 (Mass.), 210 (Wash.), OF PANAMA 222 (Va.), 242 (N.C.), 282 (Minn.), 309 Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr. Whereas, Article II of the 1903 Convention (Calif.), 320 (Md.), 348 (N.Y.), 361 (D.C.), Speaker, the question of the future sov- between Panama and the United States, as 393 (Nev.), and 422 (Tex.): 29782 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 10, 1976 Whereas, Under the 1903 Treaty with 3. Does there eXist information or reports colonel-known around the world-is Panama, the United Statees obtained the that the Partido del Pueblo, which apparent­ one worth repeating. At the age of 65, grant in perpetuity of the use, occupation ly operates openly in the Republic of Panama and control of the Canal Zone territory with is essentially a communist organization, con­ with only a $105 social security check as all sovereign rights, power, and authority to trolled and directed by communist leaders? income, the Colonel began selling his the entire exclusion of the exercise by Pan­ Does there exist information or reports that "secret recipe" chicken, using the back­ ama of any such sovereign rights, power, or General Torrijos and/ or members or former seat of his car as an office. Today, the authority as well as the ownership of all members of the Panamanian cabinet have company he originated has grown into privately held land and property in the Zone made contributions to the Partido el Pue­ the largest retail food service system in by purchase from individual ow:i;i.ers; and blo? the world with more than 5,000 outlets Whereas, The United States has an over­ 4. Does there exist information or reports riding national security interest in main­ to indicate that Colonel Noriega, the G-2 in 44 countries. taining undiluted control over the Canal in Panama, has travelled to Cuba secretively Before getting into the restaurant Zone and in its treaties with Great Britain in order to meet with various Cuban officials? business, Colonel Sanders had a varied and Colombia for the efficient operation of If such trips have taken place, is it known and interesting career, including such the Canal; and who Colonel Noriega has met with while in jobs as farmhand, railroad fireman, and Whereas, the United States Executive Cuba? steamboat ferry operator. Today, the branch ts currently engaged in negotiations 5. Does there exist information or reports Colonel and his chicken recipe have sur­ with the Governqient of Panama without to indicate that U.S. citizens have been im­ mounted geographic and language bar­ authorization of the Congress, which would prisoned on the island of Golba by the Gov­ riers throughout the world. diminish, if not a;bsolutely abrogate, the ernment of Panama? Is there information present United States treaty-based sov,. to indtcate that U.S. citizens have been killed In addition to being a goodwill ambas­ ereignty and ownership of the Zone; and attempting to escape from that island sador for our country, Colonel Sanders Whereas, The American people have con­ prison? has also been a good citizen. He has con­ sistently opposed further concessions to any 6. Does there exist information or reports tributed not only to our Nation's cuisine, Panamanian Government that would fur­ that indicate planning contingencies -within but also to countless charitable f ounda­ ther weaken United States control over the Government of Panama for seizure, vio­ tions in the United States and Canada. either the Canal zone or Canal; Now, th~re­ lent or non-violent, of all or any parts of the With this in mind, it is with great pride fore, be it Canal Zone or facilities within the Canal Resolved, by The American Legion in Na­ Zone? More specifically, is there any evidence that his fell ow Kentuckians salute him tional Convention assembled in Seattle, at all to substantiate the rumor recently on this very special day. Washington, August 24, 25, 26, 1976, that the promulgated to the effect that some attempt United States must be vigilant against all at confrontation will be attempted by the efforts to surrender any of the U.S. sover­ Government of Panama in late 1976 in order eignty or jurisdiction in the Panama Canal to bring the Canal issue to the attention DEATH OF MAO TSE-TUNG Zone or over the Panama Canal obtained of the United Nations? under the 1903 Treaty with the Republic of 7. Does there exist information or report Panama, as amended and revised in 1936 and to indicate that Cuban military troops have HON. PHILIP M. CRANE 1955; and should in no way cede, dilute, for­ recently come into the Republic of Panama? OF ILLINOIS feit, negotiate or transfer any of the U.S. If such an entry has occurred, what is the sovereign rights, power, authority, jurisdic­ purpose of their entry into Panama? Does IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion, territory or properties directly or in­ there exist information or reports to indicate Friday, September 10, 1976 directly or by subterfuge all of which are that Angolan troops have r~ently come into indispensably necessary for the protection the Republic of Panama? Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, the death of the·u.s. and the Western Hemisphere, and, Whereas, Each of the "Seven Questions" of Mao Tse-tung, at the age of 82, marks be it further deserves a complete and forthright answer the passing of a major figure from the Resolved, That The American Legion re­ by this Administration which prides itself world scene. As Chairman of the Chinese affirm its opposition to new treaties or execu­ in candor and openness in such matters of Communist Party and the revolutionary tive agreements with Panama that would in vital security interest; Now, therefore, be it leader of the People's Republic of China, any way reduce our indispensable control Resolved, by The American Legion in Na­ Mao long held the preeminent position over the U.S.-owned Canal or Canal Zone; tional Convention assembled in Seattle, and, ·be it fur.ther Washington, on August 24, 25, 26, 1976, that in mainland China's Communist society, Resolved, That the American Legion urge unless the Seven Questions are immediately and served as an inspiration to radical the immediate resumption of the moderniza­ answered, before any further treaty or execu­ revolutionaries, the world over. tion of the present Panama Canal as pro­ tive agreement negotiations are conducted Mao Tse-tung's accomplishments have vided under the current legislative measures between the United States and Panama, that been frequently noted in the past, and for the Terminal Lake-Third Lock proposal. the U.S. Congress undertake an investigation are now being trumpeted loudly on the Resolution 470 (Committee) "The Panama of alleged communist influence to force the occasion of his passing. A certain amount Canal Questions on Communist Influence" ~ United States to relinquish its sovereignty of recognition may be due in some Whereas, As a result of recent hearings by and control of the U.S. Canal Zone and Canal areas-however, the less attractive as­ the House of Representatives Merchant Ma­ which are freely granted in the Treaty of rine and Fisheries Committee questions were 1903 and subsequently reaffirmed by the pects of Mao's regime should not be over­ raised concerning Communist influence in Treaties of 1936 and 1955. looked. Tens of millions of Chinese have the U.S.-Panamian negotiations, relative to been killed or disappeared in the PRC's the U.S. Canal Zone and the Canal; and frequent and periodic purges. At any Whereas, Chairman Leonor K. Sullivan given time as many as 20 million people posed Seven Questions of the Committee to KENTUCKIANS SALUTE COLONEL are incarcerated. Real power remains an the President of the United States concern­ SANDERS ON ms 86TH BIRTH­ elite phenomenon-despite all the talk ing the possibility of Communist influence in DAY of rule by workers and peasants-with· the Panama negotiations as follows: masses of Chinese being repeatedly and 1. Does there exist information or reports cynically manipulated in "mass move­ to indicate that Cuban or other foreign per­ HON. JOHN BRECKINRIDGE sonnel are now in the Republic of Panama ments" which, beyond their ideological teaching military or non-military students OF KENTUCKY overtones, are weapons in the personal guerrilla warfare and terrorist tactics? In the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES power struggles within the top party presentation of such tactics, if they are being Friday, September 10, 1976 leadership. All aspects of life are dom­ taught, is reference made directly or in­ inated by the Chinese Communist Party, directly to the Panama Canal and Canal Mr. BRECKINRIDGE. Mr. Speaker, which maintains a control apparatus Zone? If personnel foreign to Panama are yesterday was the 86th birthday of a parallel to the state structure at all not teaching such tactics, are there Panama­ prominent Kentuckian, a fine American, levels. Central control reaches down as nian officials teaching these tactics with the and, I am proud to say, one of my most advice of foreign nationals? far as the street level, where "street com­ famous constituents-Col. Harland San­ mittees' overlook all aspects of an indi­ 2. Does there exist information or reports ders. to indicate that General Torrijos or members vidual's life. "Thought reform" or "re­ of the cabinet of the Panamanian Govern­ As all of my colleagues are aware, form through labor" await those sus­ ment have been saying in formal or informal Colonel Sanders is the goodwill ambas­ pected of deviant tendencies. circumstances that nationalization of the sador for Kentucky Fried Chicken-a As we review the situation in China Panama Canal is the ultimate objective of company he formed many years ago it remains important to bear in mind the the Panamanian Government after a new through hard work and determination. tremendous costs which have been in­ treaty is signed? The success story of this Kentucky flicted by this totalitarian dictator. Po- September 10, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29783 litical and personal liberty do not exist; necessary to restore the relationship be­ sidizes nonwork. The tax barrier to pro­ any self-expression is the object of im­ tween taxation and purchasing power ductive work is a primary cause of grow­ mediate repression. With one brief ex­ that existed prior to the inflation of the ing government spending programs and ception-the Hundred Flowers move­ past several years. growing deficits. ment, which . was quickly suppressed­ Not only must taxes be reduced to Lower tax rates will expand the pri­ Mao's China has never known personal restore equity, they must also be reduced vate sector of our economy and increase or political liberty, nor is there any indi­ to restore full employment. It is impos­ employment opportunities. The result cation that this legacy promises better sible to get more employment by taxing will be to reduce the number of people for the future. it higher. The tax barrier against full dependent upon Government spending We must, then, note the passing of Mao employment must be ·removed. programs and to increase the tax rev­ Tse-tung as a significant and historic The barrier against full employment enues of the Government. Lower tax occasion. To put it in proper perspective should be eliminated by eliminating the rates mean a greater tax base and larger however, the immense human cost of double-taxation of dividends. Taxing the tax revenues for the Government. Tax Mao's regime must be emphasized. The earnings of jobs-creating investments cuts eliminate deficits by enlarging the enormity of that burden is the stark but twice makes many investments unprofit­ amount of economic activity that is sub­ real side of Mao Tse-tung's China, and able which would otherwise be under­ ject to taxation. must be considered when evaluating taken and provide new jobs. The New York Times once understood Mao's place in Chinese history and the The double-taxation of dividends also this fact of life. In the 1920's the news­ applicability of his thought elsewhere in holds wages lower than they would other­ paper editorialized in favor of cutting the world. wise be. Holding down investment holds taxes in order to encourage industry and down capital formation and the produc­ provide funds for capital investment. tivity of labor. It means people produce The Times said that a tax cut "would HIGH RATES OF TAXATION IN less in the same amount of working time lighten the demands upon millions of UNITED STATES CAUSES PROB­ and, thus, earn less. Eliminating the purses hard to fill. It would not only do LEMS: WHY WE MUST CUT THE double-taxation of dividends is necessary away with oppressive taxes. It would TAX RATES to increase employment and the real lower the cost of living. It would release wage. capital for productive industry and en­ HON. JACK F. KEMP The double-taxation of dividends also terprise of all kinds. This would result in holds down the pensions of the retired OF NEW YORK fuller employment of labor, multiplica­ working men and women, making it tion of goods in common consumption, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES especially difficult for them to cope with and probably brirtg about a period of Friday, September 10, 1976 the high cost of living during times of in­ great and legitimate expansion of in­ Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, the high flation. Since the pension funds of the dustry and commerce never surpassed rates of taxation in the United States workingman are major shareholders of in the United States. hold down productive effort, investment, American corporations, the retired work­ The Times was exactly right. Within and the economic growth of our econ­ ingman would be a major beneficiary of 4 years of the tax cuts, the enormous omy. They reduce jobs and the incentive eliminating the double-taxation of divi­ .expansion of the economy produced to work, and make people dependent on dends. enough revenue gains to pay off a third welfare by denying them work. Eliminating the double-taxation of of the national debt. The adverse effects of high tax rates dividends would also restore economic Today the Congress could restore the on employment are made worse by the efficiency and sound accounting practices productivity of the American economy fact that our progressive income tax sys­ to our economic system. When dividends and eliminat.e Federal budget deficits by tem is not neutral with regard to infla­ are taxed twice, corporations are not al­ increasing the reward to work. This is the tion. It forces people to pay not just more lowed to treat the cost of capital raised alternative which people desire to bigger in taxes when there is inflation, but to in the stock market as a cost of produc­ Government spending programs. pay at higher rates of taxation on a tion. Treating something as a profit money income that is shrinking in pur­ which in fact is a cost both causes higher chasing power. Thus, at the same time prices and forces firms to rely more on people's purchasing power shrinks as a debt to finance their expansions and less COMMUNIST CHINA result of higher prices, they are forced on venture capital. to pay a larger proportion of their in­ Allowing firms to treat the cost of HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI come in taxes. Not only does this reduce venture capital as a cost of production job opportunities and the incentive to would mean lower prices and greater OF Il.LINOIS work, it is inequitable. output. It is an economic policy that is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The greater the rate of inflation, the simultaneously anti-inflationary and Friday, September 10, 1976 more serious is the economic squeeze proemployment. Removing the double-taxation of divi­ Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, the put on the people by this inequity. For glowing reports from some political com­ the past seve.ral years this inequity has dends removes a tax barrier to full em­ ployment, to lower prices, to higher mentators concerning life in the People's forced the American people to pay bil­ Republic of China have dominated the lions of dollars in higher taxes even wages, to larger pensions, and to a more efficient economic system. news for a number of years. We have been though the real buying power of their told chapter and verse about how Chair­ income was falling. Furthermore, it is a The· tax barrier against small business has also been made greater by the in­ man Mao led the peasants in the long tax increase that is not legislated and is, march. We are told of his great organiza­ thereby, "taxation without representa­ flation. With the buying power of any given amount of money so shrunken by tional and leadership abilities. tion." Ignored in these testimonials is the This inequity should be corrected by inflation, many small businessmen have nothing left to reinvest in their busi­ brutal history which accompanied the raising the thresholds on the personal victory over the Chinese Government income tax by the amount of inflation nesses after providing for their families. As a result of the inflation small amounts founded by Sun Yat-sen. since Jannary 1, 1973. This will lower tax From the first civil war, 1927-36, until brackets across the board without alter­ of purchasing power are taxed at high rates. To overcome this inequity and les­ today, Prof. Richard Walker of the Uni­ ing the progressivity of the tax rates. It versity of South Carolina estimates that treats everybody equally and brings the sen the tax barrier against small busi­ ness, whose costs have also been raised 64 million lives may have been sacrificed. tax brackets in line with the shrunken As Professor Walker so aptly sums up buying power of everyone's income. It in recent years by regulation and Gov­ the matter: ernment paperwor~. the corporate sur­ compensates for the tax increase of the The Communist movement in China, de­ last several years that was not legislated. tax exemption should be increased to spite its proclaimed high ideals, must be When taxation is not fairly linked to $100,000. judged on performance, and, as regards the real purchasing power, people lose re­ The United States has fallen short of human equation, there is little to commend spect for their Government. This ad­ its employment and ou~put potentials, it. Those who wish to rationalize public as­ justment in the personal income tax is because it heavily taxes work ana sub- sassinations, purges of classes and groups or 29784 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 10, 1976 slave labor as a necessary expedient for its construction. No less than 17 Presi­ Americans. Chief among them are the China's progress are resorting to the same dents-including most notably, Abraham following: logic which justified a Hitler and his methods Lincoln, have worshipped there. The First, a law authorizing demonstration for dealing with economic depression in the church's downtown location two blocks grants for home health services, with Third Reich. It is important that we in America remem­ from the White House and the promi­ preference in awarding grants given to ber some of the basic facts of human values nence and convictions of its minister communities with high concentrations lest we be beguiled into forgetting that those have provided a unique focus for na­ of elderly and/or medically indigent in­ who succeeded in inducing an artificial tional crises and sociail concerns of re­ dividuals in need of home health serv­ American euphoria in the wake of ping-pong cent years. ices. diplomacy from Peking in the spring of 1971, Dr. Docherty was deeply involved in Second, a law was enacted that re­ are the same leaders who haye extracted such civil rights activities ·and joined the vises and extends many important pro­ a great human cost from their own people, in the name of a doctrine long since dis­ Selma, Ala., march for voter registration grams for older Americans through fis­ credited in the world, both in terms of per­ with Dr. Martin Luther King in 1965. cal year 1978. Included are priority formance and intellectual respectability. The church was the "headquarters of funding for areas like transportation Resurrection City for white churches and home repair; community service In the eulogies for Chairman Mao, we during the 1968 Poor People's campaign." employment for low-income persons must not forget how and at what cost He was among the early critics of the aged 55 and older; and a prohibition on the "peasant" leader came to dominate Vietnam War and spoke often of the age discrimination in activities receiv­ the people of Communist China. agony of it at services which were fre­ ing Federal financial assistance. The instability of the ruling clique quently attended by then Secretary of Third, discrimination in the granting which became clear after the death of Defense Robert McNamara. of credit on the basis of age was pro­ Chou En-lai, and now becomes even more More recently, several hundred at­ hibited in a recent law. important, reemphasizes the need for torneys from bar associations of the Dis­ Fourth, the elderly at all income levels caution on the part of the United States. trict, Maryland, and Virginia met at the were ~llowed to continue to receive serv­ we should not rush to formalize rela­ church "to explore the legal implications ices at federally supported senior citi­ tions, as some have suggested, and we of what was for the first time beginning zens' centers in a law enacted in early must remain strong in our commitment to be called Watergate." On a subsequent September, 1976. to the people of Free China on Taiwan Sunday, President Richard M. Nixon Fifth, a law increases the funds avail­ who remain a beacon of hope to their and Special Prosecutor Leon Jaworski able for direct loans to nonprofit spon­ countrymen on the mainland. We cannot were both present at the same Lincoln sors who want to develop multifamily predict nor should we interfere in the Day worship service, by coincidence. housing for persons aged 62 and over. turmoil of Chinese succession. A widely known evangelistic preacher, Other bills of importance to older he has spoken in at least 6 foreign coun­ Americans are still pending final con­ tries and for the past 22 years has ap­ gressional action before adjournment. peared regularly on Washington tele­ They include these: DISTINGUISHED MINISTER STEPS vision under the auspices of the Council First, a bill to revise the Supplemental DOWN FROM CAPITAL PULPIT of Churches, and for 11 years on radio Security Income-SSI-program. each Sunday evening. Second, a measure to revise the Fed­ HON. WALTER E. FAUNTROY Following his retirement, Dr. Docherty eral food stamp program and give special will divide his time between teaching consideration to senior citizens in the OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA program's eligibility requirements. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and writing. For a few months each year he will teach at Episcopal Theological Third, a bill to provide funds to assist Friday, September 10, 1976 Seminary in Alexandria and occasionally States and local public bodies and non· Mr. FAUNTROY. Mr. 'Speaker, on he will return as minister emeritus to profit entities in providing mass transit Tuesday, August 31, Dr. George M. Doch­ his historic pulpit, but the Nation's Cap­ services to elderly and handicapped in­ erty retired after 26 years as pastor of ital will surely miss his regular deeply dividuals. one of the Nation's major churches-the moving and challenging sermons. Fourth, legislation to revise and ex­ New York Avenue Presbyterian Church tend the Federal revenue sharing effort in Washington. with a provision to prohibit discrimina­ During his quarter-century ministry, tion against the elderly in any program Docherty's has been one of the stirring HAMILTON SUPPORTS LEGISLA­ of a State or local government which re­ voices of the Protestant faith in the TION HELPING OLDER AMERI­ ceives revenue sharing funds. United States. A Scot by birth and a nat­ CANS I am hopeful that action can be com­ uralized U.S. citizen by choice, he has pleted this year on these important been called Washington's best known pieces of legislation. The Congress should preacher and Scotsman. HON. LEE- H. HAMILTON do all that it can to meet the special His Lincoln Day sermon on February OF INDIANA needs of our senior citizens. 7, 1954 on "One Nation Under God" IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sparked the final, successful move to add Friday, September 10, 1976 the words "Under God" in the Pledge Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, the YWCA VIGOROUSLY SUPPORTS of Allegiance to the U.S. flag. Thi:s was FULL EMPLOYMENT done by Joint Resolution presented to concerns of older Americans deserve the Congress by the Senator, Homer Fergu­ highest priority and our continuing at­ son, of Michigan on March 19, 1954. tention. HON. AUGUSTUS F. HAWKINS Dr. Docherty was born in Glasgow, More than 20 million elderly citizens OF CALIFORNIA Scotland and educated at Glasgow Uni­ form the most rapidly growing minority IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES versity. He has received th~ honorary in the Nation. It is a minority of people degrees Doctor of Divinity from Temple with diverse backgrounds, wide-ranging Friday, September 10, 1976 University in Philadelphia and Doctor problems, and a common bond of age. Mr. HAWKINS. Mr. Speaker,_I would of Letters from Monmouth College in In one key move, the 94th Congress like to call the attention of the Mem­ Illinois. In 1958, Harper and Row pub­ insured that social security beneficiaries bers to a resolution passed at the YWCA lished his book, "One Way of Living," a received the full 8 percent increase in National Convention in June of 1976. The collection of observations and experi­ July, 1975, due them under law by mov­ resolution reaffirms the support of the ences setting forth his personal defini­ ing to block an effort by President Ford YWCA to a Federal policy assuring full tion of the Christian faith. to limit the increase to 5 percent. Under employment. It is another example of a · The New York Avenue Presbyterian this same law, which .provides for peri­ concerned organization's opinion that Church was founded in 1803 and is one odic and automatic cost-of-living in­ this Nation must act to achieve full em­ of the first Protestant churches in the creases in benefit levels, beneficiaries re­ ployment. The resolution follows: city of Washington, tracing its history ceived a 6.4 percent increase in July, PROPOSED RESOLUTION ON FuLL EMPLOYMENT back to a group of Scottish stonemasons 1976. ECONOMIC SECURITY who worshipped in a carpenter's shop on The 94th Congress has passed several Whereas, the YWCA has given special im­ the grounds of the White House during bills with my support to assist older portance to measures that advance and safe- September 10, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29785 guard an adequate standard of living and Square, Washington, D.C., had been greatly President Lincoln, April 14, 1865. On the economic justice for all citizens without bar­ impressed with President Lincoln's appear­ lOOth anniversary of the birth of President riers based on race, sex, creed, national origin ance when the Chief Executive delivered his Abraham Lincoln, Dr. Leale's friends in the or geographic location; and last public speech. This experience left Dr. Commandery of the State of New York of the Whereas, the overall unemployment rate Leale with the great desire once again to be­ Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the remains at an intolerably high level with a hold the President's inspiring face. United States persuaded him to deliver this disproportionately high burden of unem­ Having been told that President Lincoln address which was printed in "Harper's Week­ ployment placed upon women, minorities, would be present at Ford's Theater to see the ly'', February 13th, 1909 and later reprinted and youth; and play, Our American Cousin, Dr. Leale, after as a booklet. Lincoln historians often refer Whereas, unemployment in the United completing his hospital duties for the day, to Lincoln's Last Hours by Charles A. Leale, States continues to be much higher than in changed to civilian dress and went to the M.D. This was the only time that Dr. Leale many other industrial nations; and theater. As Ford's Theater was crowded, Dr. spoke on the subject as he preferred to care Whereas, the YWCA in reaffirming its com­ Leale obtained the last seat which was in the for his patients.) mitment to the One Imperative believes that Dress Circle about forty feet from the Presi­ (Miss Harper is a granddaughter of the late a federal pol'icy assuring full employment is dential box. Dr. Leale. She is National Historian· of the essential to that commitment and is also When the President's party arrived at the Dames of the Loyal Legion of the U.S.A.; essential to meeting many other desirable theater, the play was in progress. The Presi­ Historian, N.Y. State Society, DLL; author national goals; therefore be it dent's entrance caused a cheering ovation. of Ford's Theatre Revisited, printed in "The Resolved that the YWCA will support Out of respect to President Lincoln, the act­ Westchester Historian", Spring 1968; mem­ vigorously strong full employment policies, ing ceased. After the Chief Executive was ber of The Lincoln Group of the District of to be implemented by the federal govern­ seated in his box, the play was resumed. Columbia; Knapp Chapter, NSDAR; Westch. ment, which will assure a job opportunity Suddenly, a shot was heard. The assassin Co. Hist. Soc.) for every American willing and able to work. leaped from the Presidential box, caught his spur, and fell to the stage. Quickly he hopped off the stage and disappeared into the night. In response to shouts for a doctor, Assistant Surgeon Leale vaulted over the seats to the FLOOR PRIVILEGE VIOLATION IN RECOGNITION OF DR. CHARLES Presidential box. Being an Army surgeon, he INQUIRY A. LEALE was the first person permitted to enter the box, where he found Mrs. Lincoln holding the President upright in his chair. When Dr. HON. -JOHN B. ANDERSON HON. RICHARD L. OTTINGER Leale identified himself as an Army surgeon, OF ILLINOIS Mrs. Lincoln beseeched the young doctor to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF NEW YORK take charge of the case and to do everything IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES possible for the President. Friday, September 10, 1976 The President's pulse was imperceptibfe. In Friday, September 10, 1976 an effort to revive the Chief Executive, his Mr. ANDERSON of Illinois. Mr. body was moved to the floor where Dr. Le ale Speaker, yeS'terday the House voted 371 Mr. OTTINGER. Mr. Speaker, last to 1 for my question of privilege resolu­ year I introduced legislation-recently examined the dying President. Raising the eyelids, Dr. Leale saw signs of a brain injury. tion course, the Member named wishes to ap­ Canal. OF MICHIGAN pear on his behalf. It is not my purpose to Though much has been published on IN THE HUUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES focus primary attention on the allegation these subjects during the last year, few Friday, September 10, 1976 and for~r Member involved, nor is it within of our citizens know that wresting con­ the scope of my resolution to recommend trol of the Panama Canal from the Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, in an any punishment. This is but one example of effort to increase citizen participation in abuse of the floor privilege rule. My prin­ United States has been a Soviet objec­ cipal reason for raising this matter is to tive since 1917. The real issue cancern­ the political process. I am communicat­ focus ·the attention of our committee on the ing the Isthmus today is not between the .ing with all the citizens of the First Dis­ general problem of floor access for former United States and Panama as so many trict of Michigan on the importance of Members now engaged in lobbying and how have been led to believe but between the voting, by means of the following state­ this rule might be clarified and better en­ United States and the U.S.S.R. The ment: forced. This is the second part of the "re­ choice is retention of our unimpaired STATEMENT ON VOTING solved" clause of my resolution and what sovereign control over the Canal Zone I am writing to urge you to register to vote I hope the Rules Committee will devote its or permitting a threatening takeover by by October 4th, if you are not already regis­ most careful consideration to. tered, and to vote in the general ele.ction on I would therefore respecitfully propose Soviet imperialists of the entire Carib­ Tuesday, November 2nd. Nothing is more im­ that you set aside a morning or afternoon bean-Gulf area. portant this year than to have each and session sometime during the week of Sep­ As to the .argument of those favoring every citizen participate in the decision on tember 20th on this matter. In the mean­ surrender of the Canal Zone to Panama, who will be our elected officials and what time the staff could collect the necessary because of the threat of guerrilla war­ policies they will follow in the coming years. information on the alleged violation for fare and sabotage of the canal if we do The sad fact is that millions of Americans presentation to the committee at that ses­ not cede it, the answer is to compare whose lives are most affected by what the sion. If the former Member involved wishes those risks with what we would inevita­ government does or fails to do are some of to testify at that time, such an opportunity the citizens who in the past have been least should be afforded him. I would then ask bly face were the isthmus to be occu­ involved in the political process. Decisions that I be given an opportunity to testify pied by forces of the U.S.S.R. or its satel­ that affect our daily lives-how many Amer­ on what remedy I think is necessary to se­ lites. icans will be able to work; how much food cure strict enforcement of the floor privilege The United States has defended the wm be on the table; how our city is man­ rule, specifically on the need for a clarifl- Canal Zone and canal during several cru- aged; whether civil rights laws are enforced September 10, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29787 or not-depend on how many people vote, The battle against pollution is by no means GOVERNOR CARTER'S IMPRESSIVE who the voters are, and as a consequence to won, Dr. Dubos conceded, but conditions OPENING SPEECH INVOKED MEM­ whom government will be responsive in its have improved immensely in recent years. ORIES AND PHILOSOPHY OF F.D.R., actions. "The important thing is that things a.re get­ Use your full vote power: Register to ting better, not worse," he said. H.S.T., AND J.F.K. vote by Monday, October 4, and vote on Tues­ day , November 7 ! Urge every eligible member of your family and friends to register and HON. JOE L. EVINS vote-the entire ballot! ,POSTMASTER RETIRES OF TENNESSEE IN THE·HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. ED JONES Friday, September 10, 1976 CLEAN AIR OF TENNESSEE Mt EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES the opening speech of Governor Carter, in his campaign for the Presidency, de­ HON. SAMUEL L. DEVINE Friday, September 10, 1976 livered at Warm Springs, Ga., on Labor OF OHIO Mr. JONES of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, Day is most impressive. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES on September 30, Mrs. Laverne Gear­ The speech invoked memories and Friday, September 10, 1976 hiser will retire from her position as philosophy of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Mr. DEVINE. Mr. Speaker, all of the postmaster of the Big Sandy, Tenn., Post Harry S. Truman, and John F. Kennedy. talk about significant deterioration and Office, after 42 years with the Postal - -The address summed up the difference general decline in environment is dis­ Service. between the political parties in the words puted somewhait by one Dr. Rene Jules Mrs. Gearhiser's service has been out­ of Harry S Truman: Dubos, professor emeritus, as rePorted in standing, and her dedicated presence in The Republicans believe that the powers of an article by Jolyon Wilde as follows: the post office will be missed by the cit­ government should be used, first of all, to izens of Big Sandy and of the entire help the rich and i:rivileged people in thls MAN Is NOT DESTROYING THE EARTH, HE'S area. country. With them, property comes first. STEADILY IMPROVING IT, SAYS ScIENTIST The Democrats believe that the powers of (By Jolyon Wilde) The Camden, Tenn., Chronicle an­ nounced her retirement in its issue of government should be used to give the Far from destroying his planet, man is common man more protection and a chance actually steadily improving it, according to September 2, 1976: to make a decent living. With us, people come a world-famous scientist who says he's sick BIG SANDY POSTMASTER RETmEs first. and tired of doomsday prophe·ts. . AFTER 30 YEARS "If it weren't for the influence of man's After serving under seven presidents, Mrs. In this connection, and in the interest civilization, the Earth wouldn't look much Laverne Watson Gearhiser will retire Sept. of this speech being preserved, I in­ different than the moon," said Dr. Rene 30 as postmaster at Big Sandy. clude this address in the RECORD. Jules Dubos, professor emeritus at N~w York First appointed by President Franklin D. The address follows: City's Rockefeller University. Roosevelt, Mrs. Gearhiser has also served REMARKS BY JIMMY CARTER AT WARM SPRINGS, Dr. Dubos, a pioneer in the use of microbes under the administrations of Harry Truman, GA. SEPTEMBER 6, 1976 to fight disease, including th~ practical use Dwight Eisenhower, John Kennedy, Lyndon Warm Springs is a place of history, of heal­ of penicillin and streptomycin, and a Pulit­ Johnson, Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford. ing and of leadership. With me today are zer Prize winner for his book, "So Human an She was first recommended for the posi­ many friends like David Webb, Eunice Fiorito Animal," told The ENQUIRER: tion by then-Congressman Gordon Brown­ and Jim Gashel who are physically handi­ "If man were to pack up and leave this ing. Successive recommendations came from capped but who have still been able to forge world right now, it would be a lot better Congressman Herron Pearson and Tom enjoyable and full lives of public service. place than it was when he found it. Murray. Other patients here are now preparing them­ "Most of the beautiful landscapes, parks, "When I first came to work, the in.an was and man-made forests we have all over the delivered in a horse and buggy," Mrs. Gear­ selves for similar courageous achievements. world would be just barren, ugly expanses, hisei: remembered. "SOme people would have Today I would like for us to remember the most famous of all patients who came here instead of what they are, if it had not been to walk a mile for their mail." All that has for man," he explained. changed with progress. "We have a goo,!i looking for a new life. "I'm one of those Who is im1J1.ensely bored postal service today. I've tried to give good Fifty years ago in 1926, Franklin Roosevelt with doumsday talk of escalating pollution ·service throughout the years," she said. purehased Warm Springs, including the his­ and ultimate disaster-mostly because it just At 70 years of age, Mrs. Gearhiser has toric ground on which we stand. He lived isn't true. reached. mandatory retirement from the here, worked here, and here he spent his final "In five to 10 years, I'll bet you this dooms­ Postal Service, but admits, "I don't want to days. Roosevelt first came to Warm Springs day theory will be forgotten," he said at his leave. I've enjoyed my work; it's been my because he was physically handicapped, and office in New York. life." the warm waters gave him strength and hope, "The most dangerous disease to the well­ One of the changes in the Postal Service just as later he gave strength and hope to being of the world is boredom and apathy during the 42 years Mrs. Gearhiser has an afflicted nation when he was president. caused by these gloomy warnings of impend­ worked has been the increase in the postal Although born into a family of wealth ing disaster. As a result, people may become stamp price. "The first stamp I remember and prominence, Franklin Roosevelt yet un­ disinterested and pessiinistic about doing cost 6 cents. It is hard to remember, maybe derstood and served well those millions of anything to improve the earth's environ­ it cost a nickel.'' American families who were left jobless, hun­ ment," he explained. The daughter of the late George and Annie gry and filled with hopelessness and despair He said that people are growin; tired of Rushing Watson, Mrs. Gearhiser is of English by the Great Depression. stories by scientists of gloom and doom in and Scotch-Irish descent. She married the His opponent in 1932 was an incumbent the air and the plant world. late Walter J. Gearhiser of Faxon, Tenn., and president, a decent and well-intentioned man Most of the world's major cities are now has three daughtera, Mrs. Anitta Baker of who sincerely believed that there was noth­ much freer of pollution than they were five Big Sandy, Mrs. Carol Mahony of Avon, ing our government could or should do to or 10 years ago, said the 73-year-old French­ Conn., and Mrs. Jeanette Campbell of Deca­ attack the terrible economic and social ills of born scientist. The same applies to many tur, Ala. our nation; he was leading a Republican of the world's great water and land expanses, A graduate of Big Sandy High School, M:rs. party which lacked the strength and vision particularly those in America. Gearhiser attended Union University and to bring us out of those dark days. He pointed to the example of Lake Wash­ received her accounting degree from LaSalle But Roosevelt knew our country could be ington, outside the city of Seattle, Wash. University. She also studied writing under better, and with bold and forceful action "Just a few years ago, the cynics said the George Kelton of Malibu, Calif., and became he restored confidence in our economic sys­ lake was dead-that it would never support a member of Songwriters Association, AS­ tem, he put our nation back to work, and life again. They said it would never recover CAP. Mrs. Gearhiser was named to "Who's he unified our people. from the garbage and chemicals that had Who in Tennessee" in 1961. She is also a cer­ On Labor Day it is also important to re­ been dumped into it. tified Baptist minister. member that this strong leader in the White "But the community decided to do some­ some of Mrs. Gearhiser's songs have been House restored the quiet dignity and self­ thing about it. They stopped all the garbage published by Vanity Publishing Co. of Pat­ respect of the working men and women of and industrial waste being thrown into it, erson, New Jersey. Some of her songs were America. With such programs as rural elec­ put in proper drainage, and now it's as good, recorded by Anita Kerr and Tony Martin. trification, minimum wage laws, social Se­ if not better, than it ever was. Mrs. Gearhiser has been active in several curity and the Civilian Conservation Corps "This and other examples just go to prove areas, including church, Eastern Star, Na­ our wounded national spirit was healed. that if people decide to do something about tional Association of Postmasters and sev­ In 19·60 another Democratic leader came to pollution it's never too late. eral charities, including polio, muscular Warm Springs. As a candidate, John Kennedy "Nature can always recover." dystrophy and cancer. was considered an outsider becaus~ of his 29788 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 10, 1976 youth and relative inexperience and because "The Republicans believe i;nat the power To whatever degree I can stay close to you, of his religious beliefs. No Catholic had ever of government should be used, first of all, to and learn from you, and derive my opinions, been elected president. But Kennedy came help the rich and privileged people in this ad vice and criticism from you and millions here to ask us Georgians for support, and country. With them, property oomes first. of other Americans like you-to that degree \\Te gave him more than 62 % of our vot e, &.n "The Democrats believe that the powers of my campaign for president of the United even greater victory than he received in his , government should be used to give the com­ States will be successful. home state of Massachusetts. mon man more protection and a chance to We have come a long way and we have a · This year, as in 1932, our country is di­ make a decent living. With us, people come long way to go. I thank you for your past vided, our people are out of work, and our first." , support. I will need your continued help and national leaders do not lead. This year, as Mr. Truman's words are still true today. advice and tough criticism throughout the in 1960, our nation is drifting, without · in ­ We must also eliminate waste in govern­ campaign and, if I am successful, as presi­ spiration and purpose. ment. Scandals and mismanagement have dent. I will always try to be worthy of you. As in those critical years, it is time to re­ hit us like hammer blows. The latest one is As in 1932 and 1960, the choice before our store the faith of American people in our in the Medicaid program. Designed to give people is clear. Are we Americans sattsfied own government, and to get our country mov­ our people better heal th care, 25 % to with a divided nation-one of timidity, con­ ing again! This is a year for new ideas, and 50% of the billions of hard-earned tax dollars fusion and mediocrity? a new generation of leadership. are being stolen or wasted. Who is responsi­ Most of us believ_e we can do better. How can we restore confidence in our gov­ ble? No one knows! We will be proud to work hard-together­ ernment? When Harry Truman was in the White and to sacrifice if necessary-to achieve once We must carefully decide what governmem; House a sign on his desk said, "The buck again a united nation-a nation of faith and can and cannot do. stops here." There was never any doubt vision, of courage and greatness. People should control government, and about who was captain of the ship. Th~nk you. not the other way around. Now no one seems to be in charge. No one We need a minimum of government secrecy is responsible. and a maximum of personal privacy. Every time another ship runs around-CIA, We should decentralize power, eliminate FBI, Panama, unemployment, deficits, wel­ the trappings of authority, and remember fare, inflation, Medicaid-the captain hides A 2-YEAR EXTENSION OF THE IN­ that public officials are not bosses, but the in his stateroom while the crew argues about servants of those who put them in office. who is to blame. TERNAL REVENUE CODE TO MIAS When there is a choice between govern­ We must have an effective and efficient ment and private responsibility, the private government--with tough management and role should have priority. careful planning leading to a balanced budg­ HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN . When there is a choice, among govern­ et. Each year the confusion has been get­ ments, the responsibility should be assigned OF NEW YORK ting worse. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES as near as possible to the individual citizen. We must have fair taxes for a change, and When there is a choice between welfare and shift the excessive burdens off the shouders Friday, September 10, 1976 work, let's go to work! of our working families. Each year the tax We must always be careful not to over­ system has been getting worse. Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, today I am promise, but we also should never under­ Crime must be controlled. There is a con­ introducing legislation extending for 2 estimate our potential in our nation to cor­ stant threat to our property and our lives. years certain provisions of the Internal rect our mistakes, to root out hatred and Each year the crime rate has been getting Revenue Code of 1954 relating to indi­ discrimination, to enhance equality of op­ worse. portunity, to insure personal freedom and to viduals who are prisoners of war, missing carve out for ourselves and our children a We are a powerful nation, but we can be in action, or hospitalized as a result of better life. more powerful. We must have a strong de­ the Vietnam conflict. We can and must provide a nationwide fense-tough, muscular, simple, well-orga­ This measure would extend the Janu­ comprehensive system of health care, a com­ nized, supported and appreciated by all ary 2, 1977, deadline until January 2d, pletely reformed welfare system and educa­ Americans-with waste and confusion elim­ inated, E1.nd with a sharply focused pur­ 1979, for the purpose of first extending tional opportunities for our people. The weak, the date a surviving spouse may take the elderly and the disabled must have spe­ pose-the ability to fight. With this ability cial care. will come the best guarantee of peace. advantage of the special rule pertaining Flamilies and neighborhoods must be We have learned some hard lessons in in­ to joint income tax returns for surviving strengthened and protected. ternational affairs because of mistakes made spouses; second, excluding from gross in­ But all of this requires strong leadership. by powerful officials acting in secret. come the military compensation of mem­ Political leaders must be willing to tackle We have also learned: that we must co- . bers of the Armed Forces serving in economic pro·blems head on, without timidity ordinate domestic and foreign policy; that Vietnam or hospitalized as a result of or fear. we must not lower our standards to we cannot control the internal affairs of a the Vietnam conflict; third, extending for accept high inflation, high unemployment, foreign nation; that we cannot buy the good 2 years the period during which the and huge deficits as a normal circumstance. will of other countries; and that quiet Under Johnson and Kennedy, the inflation strength is the best avenue to lasting peace. death of a missing serviceman results in rate was 2%--and when Truman went out We must face the Soviet Union with the the forgiveness of income taxes for the of office the inflation rate was only 1 % . Un­ hope and expectation of a struggle without years after the individual first served in fortunately, under this Republican adminis­ the use of arms--0f continuing peaceful Vietnam; fourth, extending the time pe­ tration the inflation rate has averaged more competition. The best way to meet this in­ riod that the spouse of a missing service­ than6%. evitable competition is to make our system man may elect to file a joint return; and When President Johnson went out of of­ work at home! fifth, providing the spouse of an MIA fice unemployment was less than 4%, and We need not be afraid. Our economic an extension of time to perform cer­ at the end of Truman's term less than 3% strength, our system of government, and tain acts, such as the filing of tax re­ of our people were out of work. But the un­ the freedom and character of our people are employment rate today is 7.9 % . Under this all tremendous resources waiting to be turns and the paying of taxes, that are Republican administration the unemploy­ tapped. postponed by reason of the Vietnam con­ ment rate has been the highest since the But now our country is stagnant, divided, flict. Hoover depression. and drifting. · The Internal Revenue Service publica­ Under this Republican administration an­ It is time for a change. It is time for nual deficits have averaged more than $24 tion 816, revised June 1975, entitled "Tax leadership. We must be united and strong, Information for Families and Executors billion, 600 % more than under Kennedy and and we must get our nation moving again. Johnson. The present White House incum­ of Missing Servicemen," clearly states : bent has recommended annual budget defi­ I will try to be a good candidate and if Military compensation during the period cits averaging more than $50 billion. Under elected a worthy leader of our great country. a serviceman is carried as missing is exempt Harry Truman, by the way, there was not a During my lifetime, from farm boy to nom­ from income tax. All other tax matters are deficit but an average surplus of more than . inee for president, I have always been close postponed until a stated period after his $2 billion a year! to the working families of this nation. status as "missing" is terminated. For the It is obvious that good leadership makes a As a political candidate, I owe special in­ serviceman who has been determined killed difference and it is also obvious that if our terests nothing. I owe the people everything. in action, ~ncome tax 1s forgiven, and any government is concerned about all our peo­ We are beginning our campaign here not estate tax llabiUty is almost totally elimi­ ple instead of selfish special interests, then many miles from my own home. My family nated. The wife of a missing serviceman who the whole nation prospers. The Democratic and friends and I have have already covered subsequently is determined killed in action party has traditionally given that kind of much of the nation during the spring pri­ may file joint income tax returns for the leadership. mary elections. We listened and we learned. years during which the serviceman was car­ Harry Truman summed up the difference Our political success has come directly from ried as missing and, in many cases, she may between our two political parties with these the voters. We have not depended on power­ file as a "surviving spouse," using joint re­ words: ful intermediaries for victory. turn rates, for 2 years thereafter. September 10, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29789 Mr. Speaker, Vietnam's announcement "(1) after January 2, 1979, in the case of cation work on the mammoth project be­ on September 6 that 12 American air­ service in the combat zone designated for gan almost immediately in the new foundry. purposes of the Vietnam conflict, or The dome's 36 giant ribs, hundreds upon man listed as missing in action were "(2) more than 2 years after the date des­ hundreds of panels and innumerable screws killed during the Vietnam conflict un­ ignated under section 112 as the date ofter­ and clamps had to be cast in the Bronx and derscores the need to obtain a full ac­ mination of combatant activities in that then assembled over the Capitol more than counting of our missing servicemen and zone, in the case of any combat zone other 100 feet above the ground. The ingenious to continue for at least 2 years those pro­ than that referred to in paragraph (1) ." derricks and scaffolding required to lift visions of the Internal Revenue Code 8,909,200 pounds of iron by horsepower were pertaining to servicemen whose status just as unprecedented as the dome itself. Work on the dome dragged into the Civil has not been terminated and to service­ War, which drained attention ·from the con­ men who have been hospitalized as a re­ DOME FOR NATION'S CAPITOL MADE str.uction, but beleaguered President Lincoln sult of the conflict. Since the 94th Con­ IN BRONX FACTORY \ doggedly continued because he needed a sym­ gress is rapidly drawing to a close and bol. Lincoln said, "If the world sees this Cap­ the January 2, 1977, deadline is quickly HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM itol going on, it will know that we intend approaching, I urge the support of my the Union shall go oh." colleague of this measure and I insert a OF NEW YORK The dome was completed as 1864 ap­ copy of this legislation in full at this IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES proached. It towers 287 feet above the ground, has a diameter of 135 feet and cost point in the RECORD. Friday, September 10, 1976 the government $1,074,291. H.R. 15517 Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, as a de­ Other government commissions received by A bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code lightful article in the September 9 issue Janes and Kirkland in the 1860's included of 1954 to extend the duration of certain of City News, the newspaper of Co-Op the ironwork for the Patent Office, the Gen­ provisions relating to certain individuals eral Post Office and the Treasury office, all in who are prisoners of war, missing in ac­ City, notes, the dome of the U.S. Capitol, Washington, and for the U.S. Post Office and tion, or hospitalized as a result of the which has been called one of the most Courthouse in Portland, Ma: Vietnam conflict difficult pieces of architectural ironworks Janes and Kirkland was also a pioneer in Be it enacted by the Senate and House ever conceived and which has stood for ornamental, as well as architectural, iron­ of Representatives of the United States of over 100 years as a symbol of American work, and its statues and ornate fountains America in Congress assembled, That (a) determination and ingenuity, was made were shipped throughout the country and Definition of Surviving Spouse.-Subpara­ in Bronx County, N.Y. The Janes and the world. One of the Janes and Kirkland · graph (B) of sectron 2(a) (3) of the Internal fountains stands in Cuzco, Peru. Kirkland Foundry of the Bronx com­ The huge Bronx foundry also made the Revenue Code of 1954 (relating to special pleted the casting and the dome was set rule where deceased spouse was in missing Bow Bridge over Central Park Lake and the status) is amended to read as follows: in place even as Civil War divided the railings on approaches of the Brooklyn "(B) (i) January 2, 1979, in the case of Nation. President Lincoln pushed ahead Bridge. service in the combat zone designated for with the dome's construction, exclaim­ By the 1890's, however, the public was los­ purposes of the Vietnam conflict, or ing: ing its fascination for elegant iron work, and popular taste turned to more functional de­ "(ii) the date which is 2 years after the If the world sees this Capitol going on, it date designated under section 112 as the signs. Early in the decade, Janes and Kirk­ will know that we intend the Union shall go land had to discontinue its ornate work and date of termination of combatant activities on. in that zone, in the case of any combat zone then manufactured only stoves and furnaces. other than that referred to in clause (i) ." I submit the text of the City News The annexation of the Bronx by New York (b) CERTAIN COMBAT PAY OF MEMBERS OF piece, which was based on information City in 1898 touched off a real estate boom, THE ARMED FORCES.-The last sentence Of supplied by the Bronx County Historical so the descendants of the company's found­ section 112(a) of such Code (relating to cer­ ers tore down most of the faltering foundry Society, for my colleagues' perusal: to build apartments. tain combat pay of enlisted members of the DOME FOR NATION'S CAPITOL MADE IN BRONX Armed Forces) and the last sentence of sec­ The remaining part of the iron works was FACTORY rented out, but the property continued to tion 112(b) of such Code (relating to cer­ (EDITOR'S NOTE: . The information for this tain combat pay of commissioned officers of lose money. The rest of the once proud article was supplied courtesy of the Bronx foundry was finally razed around 1910 to the Armed Forces) are each amended by County Historical Society library.) striking out "more than 2 years after the make way for a refrigerated warehouse. The dome of the U.S. Capitol, with its ele­ ~e other Bronx foundries followed a sim­ date of the enactment of this sentence" and gant columns and balustrades, has been inserting in lieu thereof "after January 31, ilar pattern of decline, so that there are no called one of the most difficult pieces of ar­ iron works in the Bronx today. 1979". - chitectural ironworks ever conceived, and (c) INCOME TAXES ON MEMBERS OF ARMED Nothing remains of the Janes and Kirk­ FORCES oN DEATH.-The second sentence of most people are surprised to learn that it land Company in the Bronx, except the name section 692 (b) of such Code (relating to in­ was made in the Bronx. of Jane's Hill in St. Mary's Park, the site of dividuals in missing status) is amended to In the 19th century, however, the world of co-founder Adrian Jane's mansion. read as follows: commerce and industry in the Bronx was The buildings of the Mott Iron Wo!"ks, "The preceding sentence shall not cause sub­ dominated by the smoke stacks of iron however, still survive in the South Bronx, section (a) (1) to apply for any taxable year foundries, and the Janes and Kirkland as does the name of Mott Haven. A junior beginning- Foundry, which produced the Capitol dome, high school at 147th Street and College Ave­ " ( 1) after January 2, 1979, in the case of was one of the nation's largest. nue is also named after Jordan Mott. service in the combat zone designated for The Bronx was also the home of. the Isaac Johnson Avenue in Spuyten Duyvil, near purposes of the Viretnam conflict, or Johnson Foundry, which developed one of the site of the Johnson Iron Works, is a re­ " ( 2) more than 2 years 'after the date des­ the earliest armor-piercing projectiles, and minder of the street where the workers of ignated under section 112 as the date of the Jordan Mott Iron Works, whose founder that foundry lived. termination of combatant activities in that invented the coal-burning stove. zone, in the case of any combat zone other Jordan Mott's stove won him acclaim as than that referred to in paragraph (1) ." one of the major inventors of the century, (d) JOINT RETURN WHERE INDIVIDUAL IS IN and he was included in a group portrait of TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO TODAY MISSING STATUS AS A RESULT OF VIETNAM inventors which now hangs in the White CoNFLICT.-The last sentence of section House. 6013 (f) ( 1) of such Code (relating to joint Mott also gained a certain local infamy when he purchased 200 acres of Morrisania HON. CHARLES E. WIGGINS return where individual is in missing status) OF CALIFORNIA is amended by striking out "more than 2 for his foundry and renamed the property · years after the date of the enactment of this Mott Haven. The former owner, Gouvernuer IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES Morris II, reportedly remarked that he sup­ gentence" and inserting in lieu thereof "af­ Friday, September 10, 1976 ter January 2, 1979". posed Mott would soon rename the nearby (e) TIME FOR PERFORMING CERTAIN ACTS Harlem River the Jordan River. Mr. WIGGINS. Mr. Speaker, 200 years POSTPONED BY REASON OF VIETNAM CON­ Mott Iron Works, built in 1828, was the ago today, on September 10, 1776, the FLICT.-The second sentence of section first to come to the Bronx, and the Johnson Continental Congress directed its Presi­ 7508 (b) of such Code (relating to time for Foundry arrived here in 1853. Janes and dent to inform Washington that he had performing certain acts postponed by rea­ Kirkland was a relative latecomer, settling son of war) is amended to read as follows: on the south side of Westchester Avenue be­ complete authority over American forces "The preceding sentence shall not cause tween Brook and St. Ann's Avenues in 1857. should they be evacuated from New York this section to apply to any spouse for any Since the firm had received the dome com­ City. Apparently, a question had arisen taxable year beginning- mission while still at its lower Manhattan lo- among some officers 6n Washington's 29790 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 10, 1976 staff over Congress September 3 instruc­ its hands of the Postal Service except for Kleberg-in my congressional district, tions regarding the abandonment of the the responsibility to put up the money for are proud to have the Kingsville Naval city. Those officers believed that Con­ its deficits, and the right to pry into the Air Station as their neighbor and friend. mail. It is important to remember that when gress did not want all troops withdrawn this country first became a going concern, The relations between all the three from New York City. In response to a the functions of the Post Office were deemed entities have been on the highest level letter from Washington describing the so important that Benjamin Franklin him­ of respect and cooperation, as has been misunderstanding, Congress decided to self became the first postmaster general of also between the personnel stationed clarify its earlier instructions and leave the United States. there and the people of the community. no doubt about his complete control over The post office today is a major business A fine example of this respect and co­ the use of his forces. enterprise in the United States. It has 700,- operation is the fact that National His­ 000 employees; AT&T itself has only 950,000 on the payroll. Its high-cost malfunctioning panic Heritage Week will be celebrated is now visiting hardship on the rich and the at Kingsville NAS to honor not only those poor alike. The banks are complaining about members of the Navy and Marine Forces ELIOT JANEWAY POINTS TO POSTAL their collections, and so are the folks on stationed there, but also to honor the DEFICIENCIES social security. community at large. This I applaud. Inflation will not go away while a single There are compliments to be paid on first-class stamp costs more than a local the splendid cooperation of the base's HON. PAUL SIMON telephone call. Nor will recovery stabilize if commanding officer, B. E. Eakle, and the OF ILLINOIS ' the thousands of small businesses which depend on the Postal Service for their selling basecommander,Capt.J.J.Shanaghan. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and collecting continue to be squeezed at Heading the committee in charge of Friday, September 10, 1976 the mailbox. ceremonies is my good friend, Hon. Mike Typically, the position of the Postal Serv­ Ybarra. Mr. SIMON. Mr. Speaker, Eliot Jane­ ice in the political and economic scheme of I extend my congratulations and best way recently wrote a column for the Chi­ things is squarely in the middle of no-man's wishes to all concerned and ask my col­ cago Tribune syndicate about the Postal land. The victims blame the mess on the leagues to join me in extending our Service, which I think has real signifi­ government, but the government has washed tribute to all of Hispanic heritage and cance. its hands of the problem. The Postal Service, to our friends at Kingsville Naval Air What he is suggesting is first, that the as it is now called, is no longer the post office department; consequently, the postal unions Station. Postal Service has to be integrated into claim the right to strike against it. Yet the the total economic picture of the United post office still reserves the right to bring States. If we have 8 million people the full weight of government prosecution GEORGE B. SURBER BIDS FARE­ unemployed, that somehow has to relate down upon private entrepreneurs presuming WELL TO TORRANCE to what we are doing in the Postal Ser­ to compete with it. vice and today the unemployment prob­ Two senators have adval;lced constructive lem could just as well be on the Moon for proposals in the debate. Sen. Jennings Ran­ HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON all the attention the Postal Service pays dolph (D-W.V.) is insisting that the post OF CALIFORNIA to it. office be restored to its Constitutional status IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES with a postmaster general who enjoys Cabi­ The second point he makes, which I net status and direct access to the President. Friday, September 10, 1976 have never read anywhere else--except The present head of the Postal Service has Mr.' ANDERSON of California. Mr. in letters I receive from postal em­ testified that he has had no such access. As Speaker, on Sunday, September .19, the ployees-is that the Postal Service is Sen. Randolph points out, if the President city and people of Torrance will pay trib­ "hopelessly overautomated." People sit at and the attorney general were aware that the ute to a man whose leadership and wis­ desks here in Washington and come to Postal Service is systema.tically breaking the fancy conclusions about how to improve law by depriving rural America of postal dom as a member of the city council service and cut down costs and the net service, they would not tolerate it. has been an asset to the community. On Seri. Ernest F. Holllngs (D-S.C.) estimates that day George B. Surber, who first won result has been worse service and higher the cost of the six-year postal disaster at $8 election as a city official in 1968, will say costs. billion. He cites abuses that would be funny farewell to the city where he has lived I hope my colleagues will read this if they were not so annoying; such as mail's for the past 25 years. column by Eliot Janeway. being shipped all around the country at ex­ tortionate costs to be delivered down the George will be missed in Torrance. He JANEWAY FINANCIAL SERVICE has stepped down from the city council (By Eliot Janeway) street from its mailing point. He recom­ mends the cancellation of wasteful truck­ because of his new residence, which is Postal service ranks ahead of crime as buying. well outside the Torrance city limits. America's No. 1 noncontroversial issue. Amer­ But the truck industry is not exactly at However, Councilman Surber will long icans disagree about the causes of crime and the top of the list of trouble spots in the be remembered for the leadership he the culprits; but everyone agrees that American economy this year. The employ­ postal rates are an abomination, and that brought to a growing, vital city-and for ment of human resources--especia.lly of his many activities as an involved mem­ postal service is a scandal beyond the reach those persons who have lost jobs and any of a cover-up. Moreover, the backlash from hope of .finding them-is. But the postal ber of the community. the bankruptcy of the present postal system service is hopelessly overautomated. The A longtime resident of the South Bay is hurting the economy-and it's in an ob­ computer industry does not need govern­ area, George graduated from Redondo stacle race anyway. ment spending subsidies; but the fringes of Union High School in 1939. He joined the The postal crisis has become so severe the work force do need paych~ks. Sorting U.S. Marine Corps in 1941, and served that amendments to the Postal Reorganiza­ out and delivering the mail ls for hand labor; tion Act of 1975 dominated the debate on for the duration of World War II. He those not being paid to do this are wards of participated in the first landing on the Sentae floor early last week. The act the Treasury anyway. Paying people to work provides for the federal government to pour ,at regular wage rates would give the country Guadalcanal as a radio operator in the another billion dollars into the bottomless value received for the money it must spend First Amphibious Tractor Battalion, pit that is the cumulative postal deficit. In anyway, and would move the mails. from August 7 to December in 1942. Fol­ return, the public is to be guaranteed a ceil­ lowing his experiences in the South Pa­ ing against further rate boosts and a floor cific, George was an instructor of shore against further service cuts. The familiar ' institution of a blue-ribbon commission communications and amphibious land· would be set up to report on the shortcom­ PROUD TO HAVE KINGSVILLE ings for 2 years until he was honorably ings of the present system and make recom­ NAVAL AIR STATION discharged from military service in No­ mendations by February 1977. vember 1945, as a staff sergeant. This debate-as well as the problem be­ On November 24, 1947, George Surber hind it-is more than a mere nuisance. The HON. E de la GARZA received his appointment to the Los founding fathers recognized an uncondi­ Angeles Police Department after grad­ tional Constitutional obligation to provide OF TEXAS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES uating from the Los Angeles Police Acad­ postal service. The brashness of the present emy. Since that time, he has served as generation in blithely disregarding their Friday, September 10, 1976 judgment is now haunting us; so ls our in­ a field officer, currently as an accident 0 creasingly ca.Sual breach of Constitutional Mr. DE LA GARZA. Mr. Speaker, the investigator for a hit and run unit. precepts. The federal government has washed city of Kingsville, Tex., and its county- In September of 1968, George received September 10, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29791 the Los Angeles Police Department's ing a backpacking trail not only in the Spruance Class destroyer, Iran has proposed Medal of Valor-a highly regarded dec­ Pacific Northwest, but also in several barter arrangements (weapons for oil) to other parts of the country as well. Hikers compensate for a reduction in normal oil oration reserved only for those men and revenues; women 'who perform outstandingly in from all over are waiting, backpacks The government of Iran is attempting to the line of duty. Officer Surber pulled a packed, and hiking b.oots ready. cr·eate an extremely modern military estab; woman and three small children from lishment in a country that lacks the techni­ the burning wreckage of an automobile cal, educational and industrial base to pro­ to earn the commendation. vide the necessary trained personnel and The father of three children-Ron, RESOLUTION OF DISAPPROVAL OF management capabilities to operate such an David, and Sandi-George has been ac­ $4.5 BILLION IN ARMS TO IRAN establishment effectively. Iran also lacks ex­ perience in logistics and support operations tive in many youth-oriented projects in and does not have the maintenance capabili­ Torrance. He served in many capacities HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON ties, the infrastructure (port facilities, roads, for the Torrance Youth Baseball Leagues rail nets, etc.), and the construction capacity for 13 years, many of them on executive OF MASSACHUSETTS to implement its new programs independent boards as president, vice president, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of outside support. equipment manager, and team manager. Friday, September 10, 1976 Most informed observers feel that Iran In addition, Councilman Surber was an will not be able to absorb and operate within adult leader and youth counselor for the Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, I am the next five to ten yaers a large proportion Torrance family YMCA, and a member today introducing a resolution of disap­ of the sophisticated military systems pur­ proval of the proposed $4.5 billion arms chased from the U.S. unless increasing num­ of the YMCA's Men's Club for 5 years. bers of American personn~l go to Iran in a He was also active with a Torrance Club sales to the Government of Iran. Between 1972 and 1975 the United support capacity. This support alone may not Scout Pack, serving as treasurer for be sufficient to guarantee s u cce~s for the 2 years. States sold over $10 billion in arms to Iranian program; Mr. Speaker, throughout his career Iran. We are now on the verge of selling The schedule for virtually every major pro­ George Surber has demonstrated a deep the Shah $4.5 billion more in sophisti­ gram except equipment deliveries to the concern and involvement with his com­ cated weaponry. Surely a sale of this point of entry into Iran has slipped con­ munity. This has been amply demon­ magnitude deserves careful scrutiny by siderably due to the limitations noted above; strated by his choice of career as a police the Congress, especially in light of the In the face of immense obstacles, cur in­ commitments we may already have with vestigation indicated that the Iranian armed officer, his outstanding service on the forces are making a maximum effort to en­ Torrance City Council, and by his many that country. On March 5, 1959, for ex­ sure the success of the modernization pro­ community activities. ample, the United States signed the gram; their efforts, however, are hampered Men like George ·Surber are hard to "Agreement of Cooperation Between the because of rapid expansion in the civilian find. The respect and affection he has Government of the United States and the sector as well. The mllitary, for example, has earned in the Torrance area will be Imperial Government of Iran." Article I difficulty in matching civilian salary offers remembered for a long time to come, of this treaty specified that "in the case to the growing, but still insufficient numbers of aggression against Iran, the United of trained personnel. and he will undoubtedly miss his many The 1972 decision by President Nixon to friends in the South Bay area. States will take such appropriate action, sell Iran the F-14 and/ or the F- 15 aircraft My wife, Lee, joins me in thanking including the use of armed force. as may and, in general, to let Iran buy anything it George Surber for his many contribu­ be mutually agreed upon." It seems clear wanted effectively exempted Iran from arms tions to our area, and in wishing him that to allow this sale to go through with­ sales revie~ processes in the State and De­ the best of luck in the years to come. out any congressional debate as to the fense Departments. This lack of policy revi~w nature of our commitment to Iran and on individual sales requested inhibited any His children, and his wife, Peggy, must inclinations in the embassy, the U.S. military be justly proud of his many accomplish­ the state of the regional arms race in the Persian Gulf would make a complete mission in Iran (ARMISHMAAG), or desk ments. officers in State and DOD to assert control charade of the procedures worked out over day-to-day events; it created a ·bonanza earlier this year for congressional over­ for U.S. weapons manufacturers, the pro­ NATIONAL SCENIC TRAILS sight of U.S. arms sales. curement branches of the three U.S. services For the benefit of my colleagues I am and the Defense Security Assista~ce Agency. inserting in the RECORD two articles on Between 1973-75, the activities of U.S. arms HON. JOEL PRITCHARD the Iranian arms sales: salesmen, official and private, were not close­ [From the Washington Post) ly supervised by executive branch officials OF WASHINGTON charged with doing so, or by the Congress; IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ARMS SALES TO IRAN: AN ANAL YSIS Each of the U.S. services, particularly the Friday, September 10, 1976 (The Senate Foreign Assistance Subcom­ Air Force and Navy, was trying to sell equip­ mittee's staff report on U.S. military sales to ment for its own reasons, usually to lower Mr. PRITCHARD. Mr. Speaker, out­ Iran appeared on Aug. 2, just before Secre­ per-unit costs of its own procurements or to doorsmen all across the Pacific Northwest tary of State Kissinger arrived in Teheran for recoup part of its prior research and develop­ have shown tremendous interest in and talks with the Shah. It set off renewed con­ ment investment. On occassion, the services support for our Pacific Northwest Na­ troversy over American arms shipments to fiercely competed with each other for sales tional Scenic Trail legislation, contained the Middle East. These excerpts are taken to Iran. e.g. the Air Force and Navy to sell from the report's findings: ) the F-15 and F-14 respectively; in the omnibus trail proposal bill, H.R. Iran has purchased large quantities of some The services often did not inform the Iran­ 15122. of the most sophisticated equipment in the ians of the full extent of the training, logis­ Recently, over a thousand people ex­ U.S. inventory including the F-14 Tom Cat tics, and maintenance implications of the pressed an enthusiasm for participating Fighter and the DD993 modified Spruance systems they were trying to sell. Thus, Tran in the Pacific Northwest Trail Associa·­ Class destroyer. The F .:.... 14 system is so com­ may have been unaware of the complexities tion's August 28-29 series of backpacking plicated that the United States Navy is hav­ involved in translating its purchases into an trips. Groups of 10 to 12 hikers walked ing major difficulty keeping it operational; effective fighting force. Problems in all of existing Northwest trails representative Iran's Spruance Class destroyer will be even these areas are very serious; more sop his tica ted than those being procured Discussions both in Washington and Iran of the proposed Pacific Northwest Na­ by the U.S. Navy. Iran is already the domi­ have confirmed that until recently U.S. ap­ tional Scenic Trail route. nant mllitary power in the Persian Gulf area. preciation of the management problems of Thousands of hikers use the Appala­ Upon delivery between now and 1981 of the arms programs in Iran was extremely chian Trail in the East and the Pacific equipment ordered to date, Iran, on paper, limited; Crest Trail in the West and are clearly can be regarded as a regional superpower. Al­ Secretary Schlesinger's decision to appoint crying out for more trails and consequent though future purchases of new U.S. equip­ a senior civillan Defense Representative in less pressure on already existing ones. ment and related services are likely to decline Iran in September, 1975, to oversee and co­ We feel that if there are additional na­ in absolute terms from the fiscal year 1974 ordinate U.S. m111tary programs in Iran is and 1975 levels, any additional sales will add considered by virtually everyone to be a posi­ tional scenic trails established, the im­ to an already sizable inventory. tive and necessary development, given the pact on any one trail will be reduced. Iran is considering the purchase of addi­ chaos and problems th.at had emerged in pro­ The omnibus trail bill has been favor­ tional sophisticated equipment such as the gram management and implementation. ably reported out of the House Interior F-16 or F-18 and AWACS aircraft; Nevertheless, until there is clear policy direc­ Committee. We encourage support for To pay for new systems and complete its tion and effective program management in this important legislative package, creat- planned purchases of such systems as the Washington, the problems in the field (Iran) 29792 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 1 O, 19·76 will continue. Deputy Secretary Ellsworth But he stressed that delivery of the new insure that moderate regimes friendly to the issued a directive in February, 1976, that he General Dynamics :fighters would not begin United States are strengthened in the crucial hopes will ensure coordination and policy di­ untll 1979, when 10 trainers would be shipped Persian Gulf area. rection within the DOD; to Iran, with the remaining 150 planes due Iran's purchases of about $10 billton in the Evidence gathered indicates that the to be sent over the following four years. last few years and another $10 bi lion esti­ Iranian arms sales program is not yet fully According to participants in the two-hour mated for the second half of this decade are under control. Only with more effective con­ session, Mr. Kissinger said that a formal noti­ said to reflect Iran's concern about having to trol from Washington can the inherent fication would be sent to Congress Monday defend borders with the Soviet Union and propensity of civilian contractors and U.S. on the pending F-16 deal as well as an addi­ Iraq. armed services to sell in an unrestrained tion $600 million in Iranian orders for Side­ manner be curbed. winder, Phoenix and Sparrow missiles, mak­ The presence of large and growing numbers ing a total of $4 billion. TROTSKYISM AND TERRORISM: of Americans in Iran has already given rise The staff report, whose conclusions were PART X-SOCIALIST WORKERS to socio-economic problems. Although many rejected by Shah Mohammed Riza Pahlevi of these have proven to be manageable, they when Mr. Kissinger visited him in Iran ear­ PARTY STRUCTURE AND IDEOL­ could become worse should there be a major lier this month, said that "self-sufficiency is OGY change in U.S.-Iranian relations. not attainable" for the Iranian Air Force in On the whole, U.S.-Iranian personal rela­ the foreseeable future; even if it makes no tionships are excellent, if somewhat formal; aidditional major purchases. HON. LARRY McDONALD We were told that some of the early prob­ At the time the report was written, Iran's OF GEORGIA lems were due to the presence of large num­ most modern plane was the F-14, a larger IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bers of young single American male civilians and more complex aircraft than the F-16. The without adequate recreational outlets. Deci­ F-16 is the plane of the future as far as most Friday, September 10, 1976 sions by some of• the private companies to of America's Eurooean allies are concerned, Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, the limit the number of unattached male em­ since they have aiso ordered it in quantity. Socialist Workers Party is a revolution­ ployees have improved social relations, espe­ SIDEWINDERS TO SAUDIS tary Communist Party working for the cially in more traditional cities such as Most of the discussion with Mr. Kissinger Isfahan; imposition of a worldwide Communist was on contemplated sales to Saudi Arabia, system. There are many other foreigners in Iran participants said, with Senators only raising as well as Americans, including British, Ger­ a few questions about sales to Iran. At its founding conference held De­ man, South Korean, French, Filipino, Indian Mr. Kissinger told the Senators that the cember 31, 1937 to January 3, 1938, it and Pakistani; Administration planned to sell $573 million passed a declaration of principles of the Anti-Americanism could become a serious in equipment to Saudi Arabia, including Socialist Workers Party. This said that problem in Iran, as it has elsewhere, if there some 1,000 Sidewinder air-to-air missiles, the role of the Socialist Workers Party were to be a change in government in Iran. Maverick TV-guided bombs and construction The possibility of a future crisis situation was "the overthrow of the capitalist state equipment. and the transfer of sovereignty from it cannot be totally ignored and for this reason When the matter was discussed yesterday contingency plans to deal with such an to their own workers' state-the dicta­ and several Senators raised questions about 1 emergency are necessary. the size of the Saudi order, Mr. Kissinger torship of the proletariat." The U.S. having sold sophisticated arms in agreed to seek a compromise today. It said: large quanities to Iran, has assumed a grow­ But in the dlscussion, according to par­ The main specific task of the S.W.P. is the ing and significant "commitment" in terms ticipants, Mr. Kissinger only agreed to dis­ mobilization of the American masses for of supporting that equipment-an unstated cuss with President Ford over the weekend struggle against American capitalism and for but nevertheless obligation to train Iranians the objections of the Senators and to see if its .overthrow.2 and to provide logistical support for the life­ the size of the order could be reduced. In the imperialist United States, the S.W.P. time of the equipment. To the extent that the The Administration plans to sell 1,500 fights against war preparations and mili­ decisions to sell the arms were politically Mavericks, and Senators argued that this tarization; but at the same time always motivated, a failure to provide follow-on sup­ should be reduced as well as the Sidewinder makes clear that war cannot be permanently port to the satisfaction of Iran would violate order. prevented unless the imperialist government the political benefit of having made the sales. CONGRESSIONAL VETO of the United States is overthrown and its The deep involvement of U.S. personnel By law Congress has 30 days, once it is place taken by a Workers' State, that lasting assisting Iran in program implementation has peace as possible only under socialism.a significant foreign policy implications for the formally notified by the Administration, to veto by a majority vote in both houses any It is, consequently, the elementary and United States in the Persian Gulf. military sale over $25 million. ' imperative duty of all workers, and especially The U.S.' cannot abandon, substantially of the revolutionary party, to defend the So­ diminish, or even redirect its arms programs The Administration, faced with Congress' plans to adjourn on Oct. 2, must notify both viet Union unconditionally against any and without precipitating a major crisis in U.S.­ houses by Thursday or else put off completing every imperialist nation.' Iranian relations; the sales until next year. If Iran is not able effectively to use the In this last-minute rush, the Administra­ The April 1940 SWP National Con­ equipment it has purchased, it may blame vention reaffirmed the resolution, "on the U.S. for the failures; tion plans to propose to Congress next week n,early $5 billion in new sales, the State De­ the internal situation and the character There is general agreement among U.S. partment said. personnel involved with the Iranian programs of the party," drafted by Cannon and that it is unlikely that Iran could go to war Besides the $4 billion to Iran and $573 Max Shachtman and originally adopted million to Saudi Arabia, it intends to inform at the founding convention: in the next five to ten years with its current Congress of $90 million in orders for Israel, and prospective inventory, i.e. purchases to mostly for helicopters, and $84 million for The Socialist Workers Party is a revolu­ date of sophisticated weapons (as distinct Pakistan, including Sidewinders for its air­ tionary Marxian party, based on a definite from some of the less sophisticated ground craft. program, whose aim is the organization of equipment) without U.S. support on a day­ THREAT BY ROSENTHAL the working class in the struggle for power to-day basis. and the transformation of the existing social Several supporters of Israel, including Rep­ order. All of its activities, its methods and [From the New York Times, Aug. 28, 1976] resentative Benjamin S. Rosenthal, Demo­ its internal regime are subordinated to this crat of Queens, have threatened to introduce aim and are designed to serve it. UNITED STATES To SELL IRAN 160 NEW FIGHT­ a resolution to block the sale of Sidewinder ERS-KISSINGER INFORMS SENATE PANEL missiles to Saudi Arabia if the number is not • WHOSE STAFF STUDY OPPOSED FURTHER reduced from 1,000 to 500. The struggle for power organized and led SALES Congress has not vetoed any projected sale by the revolutionary party is the most ruth­ (By Bernard Gwertzman) since the law became effective last year. But less and irreconcilable struggle in all history. WASHINGTON, Aug. 27.--Secretary of State by raising questions Congress has forced the A loosely-knit, heterogeneous; undisciplined, Henry A. Kissinger told a Senate Foreign Administration to alter some plans, such as untrained organization is utterly incapable Relations subcommittee today that the the sale of antiaircraft missiles . to Jordan, of accomplishing such world-historical tasks United States had agreed to sell Iran 160 F-16 whose characteristics were changed. as the proletariat and the revolutionary party fighter planes at a cost of about $3.4 billion. Mr. Kissinger, according to a participant are confronted with in the present area. • • • Despite a staff study by the Foreign Rela­ in the session, agreed to submit a study to From this follows the party's unconditional tions Committee earlier this month that said the panel-the subcommittee of foreign as­ demand upon all its members for complete Iran was unable to absorb the sophisticated sistance-justifying large-scale sales of mili­ discipline in all the public activities and equipment it already had bought in recent tary equipment. Such sales have amounted actions of the organization. years. Mr. Kissinger told the closed-door to more than $6 billion in the last two years. Leadership and centralized direction are meeting that the Ford Administration had The Secretary has consistently defended decided to go ahead with the sale. sales to Iran and Saudi Arabia as vital to Footnotes at end of article. September 10, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29793 indispensable prerequisites for any sustained party. One is a propaganda nucleus. Second a Ibid., p. 229. and disciplined action, • • •. is a cadre group capable of initiating propa­ 1 Ibid., pp. 229-230. It is from these considerations • * * that ganda actions. And third is a party of mass s "The Organizational Conclusions of the we derive the Leninist principle of organiza­ action.* * * Present Discussion," The Struggle for a Pro­ tion, namely democratic centralism. We can say we are crossing the bridge letarian Party, James P. Cannon, 1943, p. 23~. * from the first to the second stage, to a cadre 11 "Theses on the American Revolution," * * • It is an important sign of a serious nucleus capable of initiating propaganda ac­ James P. Cannon, 1946. and firmly constituted party * * • that it tions. * * * u 10 Internal Information Bulletin, No. 7 in throws up out of its ranks cadres of more or 1974, August 1974, p. 15. The Socialist Workers Party leadership ii SlfP Discussion Bulletin, Vol. 33, No. 4, less able leading comrades, * * * and that As it thu.c; insures a certain stability and con­ is self-perpetuating. John Studer June 1975, p. 9. tinuity of leadership by such a cadre.5 noted in his nominat'ing commission re­ i2 Internal Information Bulletin, No. 2 in port to the 1975 SWP National Conven­ 1975, October 1975, p. 21. The same resolution specifies that "dis­ tion, "The regular members of the na­ ia Internal Information Bulletin, No. 6 in cussion, debate; and criticism" are re­ tional committee represent the rounded 1971, November 1971, p. 19. stricted "by such decisions and provi­ 14 Ibid., p. 20. team of the tested leaders of the 1 sions as are made by the party itself or 5 Internal Information Bulletin, No. 7 in party. * * * The alternate list ·we 1971, November 1971, pp. 7-8. by bodies to which it assigns this func-. viewed as ·serving two purposes. It in­ 1a Idem. tion" and that all criticism and discus­ cludes those who are next in line to be APPENDIX I :>ion of party programs and leadership brought on to the full list. * * * and Jack Barnes, Nelson Blackstock, George 7 Breitman, Joel Britton, Peter Camejo, Pearl the organization, * * * ." mittee. These were "Lewis" who was ac­ Chertov, Clifton DeBerry, Maceo Dixon. A second resolution adopted at the 1940 tually Ralph Levitt and "Gregorich" who Dick (Richard Caitarino) Garza, Fred Hal­ SWP National Convention stated: is Barbara Gregorich. Their nominations stead, Al Hansen, Gus Horowitz, Doug Jen­ The Bolshevik party of Lenin is the only were rejected because they did not have ness, Linda Jenness, Lew Jones, Carol Lip­ party in history which successfully con­ enough "individual stature" in the party, man. quered and held state power. The S.W.P., as this despite the fact that they repre­ Frank Lovell, Caroline Lund, Wendy Lyons, a combat organization, which aims at achiev­ sented almost 10 percent of the SWP Malik Miah, Derrick Morrison, Andrew Pul­ ing power in this country, models its orga­ 13 ley, Harry Ring, Bev Scott. nization forms and methods after those of membership. Larry Seigle, Ed Shaw, Barry Sheppard, the Russian Bolshevik party, adapting them, In rejecting the POT nominations, Syd Stapleton, Betsey Stone, Tony Thomas, naturally, to the experience of recent years Peter Seidman, selected in 1973 and 1975 Jean Tussey, Mary-Alice Waters, Nat Wein­ and to concrete American conditions. as an alternate national committee mem­ stein. The S.W.P. as a revolutionary workers' ber himself, noted, "There has never been party is based on the doctrines of scientific an automatic right of any grouping with­ Alternate members of the SWP Na­ socialism as embodied in the principal works tional Committee selected at the 1975 in the party to have its views represented national convention are: of Marx, Engels, Lenin and Trotsky and in­ on the national committee." 14 corporated in the basic documents and reso­ John Benson, Frank Boehm, Steve lution of the first four Congresses of the The national committee selections. at Chainey, Steve ·chase, Les Evans, Rich Fin­ Communist (3rd) International and of the the 1971, 1973, and 1975 conventions as kel, Gerry Foley, John Hawkins. conferences and congresses of the Fourth In­ well as the members of the political com­ Ed Heisler, Lynn Henderson, Susan La­ ternational.s mittee may be found in the appendix. Mont, Dick McBride, Jeff Mackler, Sam The political committee runs the SWP Manuel, Ray Markey. SWP founder James Cannon wrote in between conventions. Its composition has Barbara Matson, Andrea Morell, Omari thesis 15 of his "Theses ,m the American been basically the same for a number of Musa, Willie Mae Reid, Dick Roberts, Olga Revolution": years. Rodriguez, Peter Seidman. The hopeless contradictions of American Katherine Sojourner, Baxter Smith, Dan The SWP is divided into branches, us­ Styron, Pedro Vasquez, Judy White. capitalism inextricably tied up with the ually one to a city except in a few cases death agony of world capitalism, are bound The members of the national control to lead to a social crisis of such catastrophic such as New York City where they have proportions as wlll place the proletarian rev­ sufficient members for more than one commission, the group responsible for olution on the order of the day. branch. security and party discipline, are: In 1971, the Socialist Workers Party Peggy Brundy, Anna Chester, Wayne * * * • Clover, Helen Scheer. The revolutionary vanguaird party destined made an extensive survey of its member­ to lead this tumultuous revolutionary move­ ship. They determined that 60 percent of APPENDIX II ment in the U.S. does not have to be created. the membership had joined in the previ­ (Compiled from SWP Discussion Bul­ It already exists, an.d its name is the Socialist ous 2 years. Over 50 percent of the mem­ Workers Party. letin, Vol. 33, No~ 4, June 1975, p. 51.) bership held dual membership in the Regular members of the SWP National It is the sole legitimate heir and continu­ Young Socialist Alliance, the SWP youth ator of pioneer American Communism and Committee selected at the August 1973 group. Of the members who joined dur­ SWP National Convention. the revolutionary movements of the Ameri­ ing or since 1960, 91.8 percent had come can workers from whic}?- it sprang.o 10 Jack Barnes, Charles Bolduc, George through the YSA. Breitman, Joel Britton, Peter Camejo, Pearl In his speech to the Socialist Workers The SWP reported that 21.4 percent of Chertov, Clifton DeBerry, Dick Garza. Party 1973 convention, SWP National all members had full-time jobs with the Fred Halstead, Al Hansen, Joe Hansen, Gus Secretary Jack Barnes admitted: Socialist Workers Party or its fronts. In Horowitz, Doug Jenness, Linda Jenness, Joe You know, our ideas aren't originally a membership of less than 1,000, this Johnson, Lew Jones. American ideas. Our ideas are basically Rus­ is at least 200 people---a tremendous Carol Lipman, Frank Lovell, Derrick Mor­ sian. That's what Comraide Cannon always :financial burden on the others.16 rison, Harry Ring, Larry Seigle, Art Sharon, if emphasized. And you look up at the ban­ FOOTNOTES Ed Shaw, Barry Sheppard, Betsey Stone, Tony ner.s of Lenin and Trotsky there, you will see Thomas, Jean Tussey, Mary-Alice Waters, the two main Russians whose ideas they i "Declaration of Principles and Constitu­ are.10 tion of the Socialist Workers Party," 1938, Nat Weinstein. p. 9. Alternate members of the SWP Na­ SWP National Chairman Jack Barnes 2 Ibid., p. 19. 3 Ibid., p. 23. tional Committee selected at the 1973 gave a "state of the party" report to the national convention: national committee on May 2, 1975, in 4 Ibid., p. 25. 5 "The Organization Principles Upon Which John Benson, Nelson Blackstock, Frank which he said: the Party Was Founded," The Struggle for a Boehm, Maceo Dixon, Les Evans, John Haw­ Maybe we can say there are three basic Proletarian Party, James P. Cannon, 1943, pp. kins, Lynn Henderson, Linda Jenness. stages in the development of a revolutionary 227-229. Susan LaMont, Caroline Lund, Wendy 29794 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 10, 1976 Lyons, Dick McBride, Jeff Mackler, Andrea Doug Jenness, Lew Jones, Frank Lovell, need for general revenue sharing, flexible Morell, Andrew Pulley, Dick Roberts. George Novack, Harry Ring, Ed Shaw, Barry transportation systems, law enforcement as­ Bev Scott, Peter Seidman, Syd Stapleton, Sheppard, Betsey Stone, Mary-Alice Waters. sisltance and in general, the expanding range Dan Styron, Judy White, David Wulp. of subjects about which a mayor must be In 1969, Political Committee members knowledgeable if he is to be effective. As ' Advisory members of the SWP National were: USCM vice-president during the past year, Committee (this position for elderly Jack Barnes, George Breitman, Clifton De­ Gibson served a sort of apprenticeship for his leaders abolished in 1975) selected at Berry, Farrell Dobbs, Fred Halstead, Joe Han­ new post, testifying on behalf of urban 1973 convention: sen. America before several congressional com­ Milton Alvin, James Cannon, B. Chester, Tom Kerry, George Novack, Harry Ring, mittees and numerous national and ::itate Ed Shaw, Barry Sheppard. Farrell Dobbs, Asher Harer. 1 • forums. Tom Kerry, J. Liang, George Novack, Eve­ In 1966 and 1968 the Political Commit­ The central thrust of his continuing cru­ lyn Reed. sade echoed in his presidential acceptance tee members were: speech: "The cities are the heart of our na­ The 1973 national control commission Jack Barnes, Clifton DeBerry, Farrell tion, pumping blood of survival into the members were: Dobbs, Fred Halstead, Joe Hansen. towns, townships, hamlets and rural areas 0if Anna Chester, D. Ferguson, B. Matson, Tom Kerry, George Novack, Ed Shaw, our nation, and they return the flow back to Helen Scheer. Barry Sheppard, YSA representative. the heart. Collectively, we are the circle of APPENDIX III . life in this nation. We, the U.S. Conference of Mayors, must work to enllghten those who (Compiled from SWP Discussion Bul­ have been misled into thinking in isolation­ letin, Vol. 13, No. 4, May 1973, p. 5.) NEW ARK'S KENNETH GIBSON: A ist terms of urban, suburban or rural in­ Regular members of the SWP National MAYOR'S MAYOR terests." Commi1ttee selected at the 1971 SWP Na­ From coast to coast, Newark's mayor has tional Convention were: been airing his contention that most large Jack Barnes, George Breitman, Joel Brit­ American cities are in serious- trouble, a ton, Peter Camejo, Pearl Chertov, Oscar HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. trouble reflected in their fiscal condition but Coover, Clifton DeBerry, Farrell Dobbs. OF NEW JERSEY also caused by fundamental changes in the Dick Garza, Fred Halstead, Al Hansen, Joe IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nation's social and economic fabric. Part of his proof is a recent USCM report that near­ Hansen, Robert Himmel, Gus Horowitz, Doug Friday, September 10, 1976 Jenness, Joe Johnson. ly 85 percent of American cities are not only Lew Jones, Frank Lovell, George Novack, Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, it is my bogged down in fiscal chaos but are burdened Harry Ring, Art Sharon, Edward Shaw, Barry pleasure to call my colleagues' attention by problems of inflation, unemployment and Sheppard, Betsey Stone, Jean Tussey, Mary­ to an article on the distinguished mayor an inadequate economic growth rate, prob­ Alice Waters, Nat Weinstein. lems which are largely outside their control. of Newark, Mr. Kenneth Gibson, which Indeed, Gibson's own Newark was the na­ Alternate SWP National Committee appears in the September issue of Ebony tion's Exhibit A of urban decay when he first members in 1971 were: Magazine., took office. Despite his six years of struggle, John Benson, Charles Bolduc, Tony Came­ As a resident of the city of Newark, the city's nearly 400,000 residents are still jo, Edwards, Les Evans, Lynn Henderson, I am pleased to bring to the attention squeezed into 17 square miles while the re­ Herman Kirsh. of my colleagues the election of Mayor mainder of the area's 24 square miles is gob­ Tom Leonard, Carol Lipman, Sarah Lovell, Gibson to the presidency of the U.S. bled up in seaport, airport and marshland. Mary Lou Montauk, Derrick Morrison, An­ Conference of Mayors and t;he many ac­ Because of this staggering percentage of non­ drew Pulley, Dick Roberts. taxable land, Newark's real estate tax yield Charles Scheer, Bev Scott, Larry Seigle, complishments achieved during his ten­ is so limited that, for example, the annual Evelyn Sell, Dan Styron, Tony Thomas, Judy ure as mayor. tax on a $20,000 house is a whopping $2,000. White, David Wulp. HJrw BECOMES THE FIRST BLACK PRESIDENT OF Worst still, the State of New Jersey has stead­ U.S. CONFERENCE OF MAYORS ily refused to grant the city the right to levy Advisory SWP National Committee (By Alex Poinsett) additional taxes despite Gibson's continuing members in 1971 were: The funky jazz band, the table laden wLtt. campaign ifor a statewide graduated income Milton Alvin, James Cannon, B. Chester, hors d'oeuvres, the haip.py crowd milling tax. Asher Harer. about a Milwaukee hotel ballroom-all signal Meanwhile, about 37,000 of the city's 170,- Tom Kerry, J . Liang, Evelyn Reed, Larry party time. Bubbling despite his tee-totaling, 000 employables are out of work and about Trainor. generally subdued demeanor, Newark's Mayor a third of Newark's residents receive some APPENDIX IV Kenneth A. Gibson is graciously receiving form of public assistance. "When I walk the SocIALIST WORKERS PARTY POLITICAL COM­ congratulations from an ever-tightening streets," Gibson reports, "the people say to MITTEE 1966-75 circle of well-wishers. ,Then, amidst the me, 'Mayor, can you help me get a job?' This is uppermost in their minds. That means it On May 4, 1975, the SWP National friendly pushing and shoving, New Orleans Mayor Moon Landrieu squeezes through to has to be uppermost in my mind too." Committee approved a motion that the ask laughingly: "May I approach the Like many of the USCM colleagues Gibson political committee consist of 12 persons: throne?" is confronted with a city saddled with high Jack Barnes, SWP National Secretary; The exaggerated request is a good-humored crime rates, a dwindling reservoir of middle­ George Breitman, Peter Camejo, Al Hansen, salute from the outgoing president of the class black and whites. and new business that Doug Jenness, Frank Lovell. Uniited States Conference of Mayors (USCM) plays hard to get. In the past two years, the Ed Shaw, Larry Seigle, Barry Sheppard, to his successor-the first black president in nation's recession has forced Newark to cur­ SWP Organization Secretary; Tony Thomas, the group's 43-year history, a "mayoir's tail its services in health clinics, welfare case Mary-Alice Waters, YSA National Executive mayor" who was clearly elected more because work, garbage collection, manual street clean­ Committee member. of performance than popularity. Already, his ing and recreation. How Gibson has m anaged success in rebuilding the tarnished image of to cope with this bewildering array of condi­ The 1973-74 political committee in­ a city whose previous mayor was jailed for tions-despite a white-majority City Council cluded: taking kickbacks, and his success in restoring that has blocked many of his proposals and a. Jack Barnes, George Breitman, Joel Brit­ public confidence in the basic integrity and business community that is committed pri­ ton (transferred to Illinois), Peter Camejo, sincerity of the city's government, have marily to downtown Newark-how he has Farrell Dobbs (retired), Al Hansen, Joe Han­ brought him national attention, the presti­ kept the city solvent despite a shrinking tax sen (retired), Gus Horowitz (transferred to gious Fiorello H. LaGuardia Award, selection base, how he has maintained the investor Paris), Doug Jenness. by Time Magazine as one of America:s 200 confidence long-since lost by nearby New Lew Jones (transferred to California), Tom outstanding young men, and a citatton by York City, how he has struck a balance be­ Kerry (retired), Frank Lovell, Derrick Mor­ the Times of London newspaper as an ex­ tween raising taxes and cutting back serv­ rison (transferred to Pennsylvania), George ample of the type of international political ices-all this has won him the respect and Novack (retired), Ed Shaw, Barry Sheppard, leadership which will be developed in the admiration of his USCM peers. A visiting Betsey Stone (transferred to Chicago as field near future. congressman once observed that Newark had organizer), MM'y-Alice Waters . . received every federal grant available "except And so this busy week of USCM festivities a program or two aimed at fattening cattle." The 1971 political committee members in Milwaukee have culminated in Gibson This obvious overstatement underscores the were: becoming the official spokesman for a major city's receipt of more than $480 million in Jack Barnes, George Breitman, Joel Brit­ forum through which mayors of 750 cities numerous federal aid programs since 1970. ton, Peter Camejo, Farrell Dobbs, Clifton (each with more than 30,000 populaition) can and it is a tribute of sorts to Gibson's lobby­ DeBerry, Fred Halstead, Al Hansen, Joe Han­ articulate their concerns and devise strate­ ing and "grantsmanship." sen, Gus Horowitz. gies addressed to urban America's urgent The mayor's federally-supported, 54 million September 10, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29795

manpower programs have created 6,500 new "You are ignor

Conference report, adopted 287-125, Yea; STATEMENT OF HONORABLE LESTER L. WOLFF, fact that a major earthquake took place as 3-26-75. CHAIRMAN, SUBCOMMITTEE ON FUTURE FOR­ Mao lay dying may well be perceived as a EIGN POLICY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENTS H.R. 10612 TAX REFORM ACT popular signal if not of great post-Mao ON DEATH OF MAO TSE-TUNG changes, then of present discontent. Motion to order the previous question, thus ending debate and barring the introduction September 9, 1976. of amendments, agreed to 219-197, Nay; The passing of Communist Party Chair­ Amendment to delete provisions allowing in­ man Mao Tse-tung brings sharply into focus dividual with capital losses in excess of $3,000 the problems that have been emerging since TIME FOR ANOTHER CCC in any year starting in 1974 to carry them the death of Chou En-lai in January: Who back against capital gains in three previous will succeed to Party leadership and will the years, adopted 379-27, No; Amendment to transl tion be made calmly or in turmoil? HON. DONALD M. FRASER strike the enacting clause, rejected 60-355, Since Mao's illness pre-dated Chou's death OF MINNESOTA and his recent frailty had cut his partici­ Aye; Amendment to apply a limitation on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES artificial losses to real estate on a property pation in China's political life to ceremonial by property basis, making the provision fully appearances, it is most likely that the mech­ Friday, September 10, 1976 effective on persons with investments in more anism for ruling post-Mao China has already been put into place. Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, the re­ than one real estate project, rejected 192- cent upward trend in the unemploy­ 226, No; Amendment to tighten provisions to If Mao's death has already been discounted, strengthen the minimum tax on preference as I believe it has, then the future Chinese ment rate clearly shows that the recov­ income by expanding the list of tax prefer­ leadership is most likely to be a consortium ery from this deep recession is, ~t best, ences subject to the tax and by eliminating of interests. (There is no one on the scene slow. New entrants into the labor force completely a deduction for 50 % of regular today, apparently, neither a so-called "mod­ are having the toughest time finding fed.er.al income taxes in computing the min­ erate" nor "radical", of sufficient stature to jobs. In some urban areas almost half imum tax, adopted 315-107, No; Amend­ replace Mao. Of his early colleagues from the of the young men and women are unable ment to delete provisions establishing a Yennan hills that survive in the Party hier­ archy, both Yeh Chien-ying, Standing Com­ to find work. Nationally the teenage un­ limitation on artificial losses and tight­ employment rate has been hovering at ening the minimum tax and substitute mittee CCP, and Minister of Defense, Liu provisions to impose federal income taxes on Po-ch'ang, Standing Committee CCP, are about 20 percent. a minimum taxable income including tax aged and infirm.) Whether this consortium In the depression of the 1930's the preferences, rejected 85-334, No; Amendment could manage-as had the Mao-Chou lead­ Civilian Conservation Corps provided to delete provisions to repeal the existing ership-to keep the opposing factions of jobs for 2.5 million young people. Among 30 % withholding tax on dividends and in­ "moderates" and "radicals" in relatively those young workers was Harold terests earned by foreign portfolio invest­ peaceful tension, is the major problem facing Chucker, now associate editor of the ments in the U.S., adopted 301-119, No; China today. Minneapolis Star. In an article in the Amendment to shorten to three years from The spotlight at this moment, however, five yea.rs the grace period provided in provi­ must be on Moscow as well as Peking. Will Star of August 31, Chucker makes a per­ sions limiting the amount of export income Mao's death signal a move for Soviet ad­ suasive case for creation of a similar pro­ by a domestic international sales corporation venturism along their 4,500 mile common gram, the Young Adult Conservation eligible for deferral of federal taxes, rejected border? Will the Soviet Union make a move Corps. 199-223, No; Motion to recommit the bill to to test the strength and cohesiveness of the Like the CCC, the corps will provide the Ways and Means Committee, rejected new Chinese leadership? Or might Moscow many benefits: Young people will have 202-220, Yea. make an attempt to heal the deep Sino­ Soviet split that in 1960 broke the commu­ jobs to earn both money and self-esteem. Final passage, A bill to reduce 1976 indivi­ nist world into two opposing camps? They will be learning both skills and dual and business taxes by $15.5 billion, good work habits needed for meaning­ passed 257-168, Nay; 12-4--75. The major issue in U.S. relations with the PRC is the question of normalization, ac­ fu~ careers. At the same time society • cording Peking the full diplomatic recogni­ gams needed services in areas where tion implied in the Shanghai Communique public spending has lagged. that was jointly issued in 1972. would our I would like to share with my col­ move to normalize relations at this time, a leagues this article "Idea Whose Time CHINA AFTER MAO position advpcated by many China special­ ists, pre-empt any Soviet effort to regain a Has Returned" by Harold Chucker. measure of infiuence in Peking? [From the Minneapolis Star, Aug. 31, 1976) I was told in a recent trip to Peking that IDEA WHOSE TIME HAS RETURNED HON. LESTER L. WOLFF ideological differences between the Chinese (By Harold Chucker) OF NEW YORK and the Soviet Un1on would last 10,000 years. The spring of 1939 was not the best of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I was also told, however, by senior Chinese times to lose a job, even a part-time, low­ officials ill Peking that the relationship be­ Friday, September 10, 1976 paying, muscle-over-brains type of job. Bad tween the United States and the PRC is as it was, it still had paid my tuition ($26 Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, the record based on "our common adversary"-the So­ a quartet at that time) for three years at of more than 9 months of hearings I viet Union. Should the United States seize the University of Minnesota. this moment for building a deeper and more There was double-digit unemployment, have been privileged to chair on the meaningful relationship with the post-Mao tripartite relationship between China, and no jobs to be had anywhere during that leadership? depression year. With my senior ye·ar at the Russia and our own country will soon be We cannot help but speculate at this mo­ university six months away, and with no published. And last April, I journeyed ment about the emerging personalities of the money put aside for tuition, I turned in des­ to China herself in the company of new hierarchy. When I was in China just a peration to the Civilian Conservation Corps. Chairman PRICE of Armed Services and couple of months ago, I had a long talk with The corps, an innovation of Franklin other colleagues to view the Chinese de­ Chang Chun-chiao. Since Mao's death, he is Roosevelt's New Deal, took me in, and for fense systems in Manchuria, and to meet the Number 2 man, after Premier Hua Kuo­ three months I was a conservation worker with the Chinese leadership in Peking. feng. J;3ut he wears the three caps of ultimate at a camp near Brimson, Minn., almost di­ power (Standing Committee CCP; Political rectly north of Duluth. The work was hard­ While the death of Chairman Mao has Commissar of the P.LA; Senior Vice President we planted trees and built roads-the food been expected for some time, the passing of Government) which makes him a leading was adequate, if plain, and the barracks were of a statesman of Mao's stature meano candidate for the top position in the consor­ primitive. The pay was minuscule by today's that no matter how great the "expert," tium. Chang is also a man with a foot in standards-$30 a month, with the CCC work­ predictions on what will happen in China each camp-he was a Radical; he is now con­ er permitted to keep $5 and the rest going to sidered a bridge to the Moderates. And I sus­ his family. For myself, and the mostly rural remain educated guesswork at best. pect that it is the "Radicals" with their em­ Because of my recent visit, and thanks youths in the camp, the CCC was a lucky phasis on revolutionary ideology who will windfall. to the wealth of information made avail­ emerge with greater strength.in the post-Mao The corps was formed in 1933-during able to my future foreign policy sub­ leadership. Roosevelt's "hundred days"-and las~d until committee, a number of news organiza­ I would like to comment also briefly on the 1942, when World War II and the demand for tions yesterday solicited my views on the recent looting and gangsterism that has been labor in the war industries created a labor meaning of the passing of Mao. I would taking pla.ce in China. While the looting is shortage. During the period in which it ex­ like to share with my colleagues the gist described a!? post-earthquake hooliganism, isted, 2.5 million youths served in the CCC. the great earth-movement itself has roots in They worked in :r;iational and state parks, of my remarks in the hope that they Chinese folklore. It supposedly has heralded built dams and bridges, planted trees, and may find useful some of the thoughts a major dynastic change in Chinese history worked on restoration projects. During off­ gained from my recent experience: since the time of the Hans in 200 BC. The duty hours, they attended classes that gave September 10, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29797 them basic learning skills as well as the ele­ California has experienced one of the is a cooperative function of the Bureau of ments of a trade. most severe droughts in recorded history. Reclamation and State Department of Water The pay was important in helping many It has been serious and the damage has Resources. families bridge the gap between hunger and The bureau is meeting 75 per cent of all having food on the table. But in retrospect, been substantial, but it has not been a water demands on the Sacramento River from what was even tnore important was providing catastrophy. The main reason that this Redding to the Sacramento Delta, including their first work experience for the several is true is because of an outstanding sys­ c,ielta outflows for water quality maintenance. million youths who were not able to find jobs tem of reservoirs built and maintained The state is required to meet 25 per cent ot on the farms and in the towns and cities. by the Federal and State governments in the needs. The problem ls somewhat different today, California. The drawdown at Shasta Lake has been although there are strong similarities in the In recent years, we have heard from particularly heavy, the storage level dropping plight of millions of youths-mostly minor­ some who have objected to reservoir de­ to 1,635,000 compared to storage of nearly 4.1 ities--who are chronically unemployed and million acre feet at this time last year. The face becoming adults with no work expe­ velopment. I have been a supporter of state's Lake Oroville, second to the 4.5 mil­ rience. Unemployment among young blacks this water resource program, as you all lion acre foot capacity Lake Shasta as the range from the official estimate of 40 percent well know, for I feel that it is essential largest reservoir, has lowered to 2.1 million to upward of 70 percent. It is no accident that man conserve and use wisely the acre feet. This is nearly 1.3 million acre feet that crime and vandalism have become seri­ most important of the God-given re­ less storage than last year at this time in ous problems in cities where there are large sources-water. In California today, we the 3.5 million capacity Oroville reservoir on concentrations of unemployed young blacks. have a dramatic example of the impor­ the Feather River. For several years now, there have been In the 2.5 million capacity Clair Engle calls for creation of another version of the tance of this. Lake storage at the current time is about 1,- CCC to meet the youth unemployment prob­ Tom Arden, a staff reporter on the 820,000 acre feet compared to 2.3 million la.st lem at least part way. Last May, the House Sacramento Bee, has written a concise, year. Folsom Lake on the American River of Representatives passed a bill to create knowledgeable article about the impor­ has been depleted to 515,000 acre feet in con­ a. year-round program to put young people tance of the reservoirs in California in trast to 857,000 at this date last year. to work improving public land. this critically dry year. So that my col­ Lake Millerton on the San Joaquin River, The Young Adult Jobs Bill was designed to leagues may benefit from the report pre­ with a capacity of 520,000 a.ere feet, has a supplement the successful Youth Conserva­ pared by an unbiased, dedicated news­ storage of 240,000 acre feet and storage in tion Corps, which was established in 1970 I San Luis reservoir in Merced County is down to provide summer employment for 15- and man. insert the article entitled "Dam to around 759,000 acre feet of its 2.1 million 19-year-olds. The new measure was aimed System Saved State in Drought" in the acre foot capacity. Both are considerably be­ at a slightly older group, and would give CONGRE.SSIONAL RECORD at this point. low last year's levels at this date al&o. hiring preference to those living in areas DAM SYSTEM SAVED STATE IN DROUGHT Ironically, the Bureau of Reclamation's with unemployment rates of 6 percent or (By Tom Arden) Lake Berryessa behind Monticello Dam just more. The year of the drought--1976-has found west of the Sacramento Valley has "water to There is no lack of work for what would some streams have dried up as August burn." The 1.6 million a.ere foot capacity be the Young Adult Conservation Corps. The begins. Others have slowed to a trickle and reservoir currently has nearly 1.2 m1111on national parks are overrun by visitors and the major rivers have a natural runo:ft' rem­ acre feet of storage and ls projected to drop seriously undermanned because of budget iniscent of the driest years on record­ only to about 1 million acre feet at the end cuts. There is not even enough park per­ years when water was not in as heavy a of the season. sonnel to do routine maintenance work. A demand as 1976. Billy Martin, regional director of the Bu­ report of the House Education and Labor Salvation has been the water stored be­ reau of Reclamation, said during July the Committee also noted there is a reforesta­ hind the dams on the Sacramento, Feather natural flows in the Sacramento River sys­ tion backlog of 3 million acres. The bill origi­ and American Rivers as the result of earlier tem, which includes the American and nally called for appropriations of $9.1 billion wet ye!!-rS. Feather Rivers and several smaller streams, over the next four fiscal years. The House, The current objective is to maintain this had dtpped to about 4,500 cubic feet per sec­ however, adopted an amendment offered by year a safe water quality in the Sacramento­ ond. Martin said by the end of 1976, the Rep. Al Quie, R-Minn., to authorize appro­ San Joaquin Delta. Plans for 1977 are in­ CVP is expected to deliver more than 6 mil· priation of "such sums as may be necessary." definite. Federal and state officials are hesi­ lion a.ere feet of wa1ier for farming and Quie said his amendment was designed to tant to even hazard a prediction on whether municipal and industrial use. eliminate "unreasonable goals" for appro­ next year will be another dry year. In stressing the handicap of water manage­ priations, and to avoid making "false About all that can be done, figures David ment by not knowing what the future will promises." Schuster, chief of water control for the bring, Ronald B. Robie, state director of The corps, in its first year, would employ federal Central Valleys Project, is consider water resources, commented, "We may well up to 100,000 youths; during the fourth year, the odds that there will not be a repeat of a qe storing water this year that should be it would have up to 500,000. Unlike the CCC, disastrous drought next year and hope for utmzed; on tlie other hand, we may be using youths could serve in the new corps for only rain. water now which should be kept in storage." a year. Pay would be at lea.st the minimum "We don't put much faith in long range Robie said his agency is actively working wage, now $2.30 an hour. forecasts, says Schuster. Rather than strict .to develop technology for long-range weather Unfortunately, the Senate is so preoccupied curtailment of water use, water contract forecasting: The state is participating in with other measures which its leaders feel commitments a.re being met. This is being Project Hydrospect II with the Scripps In­ have higher priority- that the Young Adult done at heavy cost to the storage in North­ stitution of Oceanography. Conservation Corps seems dead for this year. ern California's CVP and state-operated "Forecasts for the current season, because When the new Congress takes office in Janu­ water project reservoirs. of changing and modifying the forecast pro­ ary, backers of the legislation wm have to The six major reservoirs will end the 1976 cedures," Robie stated, "were inconclusive start all over again. irrig·ation season-Oct. 1-with only ·about 5 and would have been no great assistance to The CCC, born in a period of deep economic million acre feet of storage. ope.rations. depression, was an idea whose time had come. This compares, federal and state officials "Therefore, much as we would like to be Today, there is no depression; rather, there able to predict next year's weather, prob­ is a modest recovery frozn the recent reces­ report, to storage of znore than 10.5 million acre feet at the end of last year's irrigation ably the best forecast we can make at this sion. But structural unemployment among time is that it will be a surprise. young people, especially those with no sk11ls, season. A comparison of last year's carryover to the "It will be surprisingly wet, surprisingly is an increasingly serious problem. The Young dry or, most improbable of all, surprisingly Adult Conservation Corps, modeled after the projected storage this coming Oct. 1, w!th the 1975 figures listed first, are: normal. Until we have greater assurances of CCC, is an idea whose time has returned. our ab111ty to predict the future, we will Shasta Lake, 3,569,500, 930,000; Clair Engle necessarily be limited in our management Lake behind Trinity Dam, 2,040,700, 1.5 mil­ capab111ties." lion; Lake Oroville, 2,857,472, 1,726,000; Fol­ In addition tO a prayer for rain,· Robie DAM SYSTEM SAVED STATE som Lake, 773,000, 320,000; Lake Millerton behind Friant Dam, 160,100, 135,000, and San emphasized it is essential that water agencies IN DROUGHT Luis reservoir, 1,031,600, 387,000. each develop plans to cope with a dry 1977 The total capacity of the major reservoirs and extended irought even beyond next year. HON~ HAROLD T. JOHNSON is more than 14 million a.ere feet which "Urban areas must involve people, identify means by the fall storage will be down to non-essential uses, assess water supply OF CALIF~RNIA 30 to 40 percent of capacity, lowest in the sources and develop strategies. Agricultural IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES history of the system, which initially went area strategies involve reduced water use, Friday, September 10, 1976 into operation in the 1940s with the con­ selective loss of usual crop· production, and struction of Shasta Dam on the upper Sac­ increased use of groundwater. ' Mr. JOH:NSON of Ca\Iifornia. Mr~ ramento River. "Regional strategies could 1nolude water Speaker,-.as many of my.colleagues kiiow, The operation of the extensive dam system exchanges, temporary heavy puznping of CXXIl--1878-Part 23 29798 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 10, 1976 groundwater, and local groundwater use in among legislative committees with the re­ examine the judicial response, or lack of it, lieu of surface water to extend supplies. Re­ sult that little in the way of a concerted to the drug problem. duction of high water using crops such as effort to actually reverse the scourge has We cannot permit the aspirations and goals rice would require assessment of the impact been realized. of our society and of future generations of on the industry a.s a whole and the world An "umbrella" was needed to unite these Americans to become further, corroded by a market. Use of evaporation suppressants and forces of the House in the war against drugs. lethal drug culture that already has gained anti-transpirants could also be employed." My Committee on Narcotics Abuse and Con­ too deep a foothold. I intend to pursue a. trol is that vehicle. vigorous course, for we can no longer afford In brief, the House on July 29 voted over­ to pay the awesome price of allowing our citi­ whelmingly (361-10) to establish t h e Select zens and institutions to be destroyed by SELECT COMMITTEE ON NAR­ committee and I was appointed Chairman drugs. COTICS CONTROL AND ABUSE by the Speaker. Seventeen of my colleagues Sincerely, on a bipartisan basis, Democrats and Repub­ LESTER WOLFF. licans, were named to serve with me on this new committee including Chairman Peter HON. LESTE.R L. WOLFF Rodino of the House Judiciary Committee, OF NEW YORK Chairman Rogers of the Subcommittee on FULL EMPLOYMENT IS NECESSARY IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Health and Environment and New York Congressmen Rangel, Scheuer, Badillo and FOR EQUALITY OF SEXES Friday, September 10, 1976 Gilman. Together, we will examine the total Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, periodical­ problem, both here and abroad, and effect HON. AUGUSTUS F. HAWKINS ly I distribute a newsletter to my con­ meaningful measures to eliminate this prob­ lem which tears at the heart of our Nation. OF CALIFORNIA stituents in a continuing effort to keep As an aside, I am the only member of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES them informed of my activities as their New York Congressional Delegation who representative in Washington. heads a full Corrumt tee of the House. Friday, September 10, 1976 In the present instance, I felt that the We will not close our eyes to any segment Mr. HAWKINS. Mr. Speaker, Audrey initiative of this Congress, acting with of the drug scourge nor will we place polit­ c. Cohen, the president of the College the encouragement of the leadership, in ical considerations or motivatings above the for Human Services, delivered a very our recent creation of the Select Com­ most treacherous enemy our Nation has ever faced-debilitating drug addiction. enlightening speech on the topic mittee on Narcotics Control and Abuse During my past investigations of the "Women and a Full Employment Policy." was a landmark step which would be opium producing countries, as Chairman of Her primary theme states that a Fed­ welcome news to the people of Long the Special House Subcommittee on Inter­ eral policy of full employment is a basic Island. national Narcotics, I have been criticized prerequisite if equality for women is to I would like to share with my: col­ for demanding that farmers abroad stop be achieved. She discusses the role leagues my latest newsletter: growing opium in quantities beyond that re­ women could play in a full employment DEAR FRIEND AND CONSTITUENT: Drug quired for legitimate medical purposes, for economy, placing great stress on the de­ abuse, the torment that is eroding the po­ their excess only feeds the illegal markets. I have been told by those in foreign countries velopment of a service society, one which tential capabilities of much of America's places equal importance on service and youth, is not waning, but rather has spread t h at, as long as America remains lax in to the point where the number of hard core cracking down on its flourishing drug mar­ production. Her speech is an instructive drug addicts has doubled and the annual toll kets, the poppies will continue to bloom and insight into the future of our society, if for drug related crime now costs this nation be harvested-a poignant example of the age we are to continue to better the quality more than $27 billion. The number of ad­ old axiom of supply a.nd demand. of life. Ms. Cohen's speech, given before dicts today, according to NIDA figures, totals My Select Committee intends to take a the Full Employment Action Council on 800,000, up from the high point of the 60's hard line. We will exert every effort to plug both ends of this deadly pipeline, at the May 7, 1976, follows: of 500,000. WOMEN AND A FULL EMPLOYMENT POLICY We cannot tolerate the deaths of 5,000 sources and in the markets where the greedy young Americans each year from overdoses fingers of organized crime ply their ugly (Speech by Audrey C. Cohen) or a.s victims of drug related crime. We can­ trade. I am committed to a policy of full employ­ not tolerate the continuing high i11cidence Only when we have curbed both the pro­ ment. Only under such a policy can we of crime that is spawned by drug abuse--our duction of the poppy and have broken up the initiate a total program of job development nation's economy is suffering enough without major syndicates that import and distribute to meet human needs . . . can we create new this further drain on its resources. Remem­ the heroin, will we have lived up to our ob­ employment opportunities that will give ber, no heroin is grown in this country-all ligation and responsibility to protect those women real equality of opportunity. Only in is brought in from abroad to contaminate who are being plagued more and more by this way can our economic structure be made Americans. abuses and crimes directly attributable to 11- compatible with the fundamental changes . As you know, I have been working for legai drug use. Street crime is still on the taking place in our society today. Let me many years to stem the tide of this rising rise. Walking the streets in safety, keeping a elaborate. drug scourge by attacking the root causes secure house is a problem for every American One of the major changes we are seeing is, of the problem, the poppy fields of Turkey, family today. Drug B1buse is at the heart of of course, in the role and position of women. the Golden Triangle of Asia and of Latin this problem. The Women's Movement has brought to the America. that produce the supplies for the We do not intend, however, to limit our forefront the discontent that many women­ international traffickers. scope to illegal trafficking and law enforce­ and many men-feel with traditional roles Back when the Administration took my ment. More jails and more criminals im­ and behaviors. Under the pressure generated recommendation and had Turkey cut off its prisoned are not the long term solutions to by Women's Movement, we have begun to opium production, the addict population in the control of drug abuse. · realize that women, as well as men, must be the United States dropped to 250,000. It We have set up as one of our prime goals, allowed to fulfill their own potential, to make shows it can be done with cooperation. Up to the entire syndrome of the drug user: "Why choices about the courses of their lives. the present time, I have only had the power really is American youth into the drug Virtually everyone acknowledges the end­ of persuasion. Now, I have been named Chair­ scene?" less discrimination to which women have man of the Select House Committee on Nar­ Enforcement programs must be balanced been subjected. Reforms have begun-new cotics Abuse and Control, armed with sub­ with a penetrating study of the contributing legislation, significant court decisions, affirm­ poena power to drag in those of organized social factors if we are to successfully come ative action policies, for example. But this is crime who prey on our children, and I can to grips with all aspects of the drug problem not enough. Without a fundamental rethink­ deal not only with the international aspects and achieve our objectives. ing of our domestic economic policies, of the drug problem but with the domestic My colleagues and I will thoroughly inves­ women, a.long with minorities, wm continue operations running the gamut from investi­ tigate the reasons responsible for the ramp­ to be "last hired, first fl.red." New directions gation and law enforcement to social impli­ ant increase in drug abuse-international can change this, and, at the same time, give cations and drug rehabiUtation. trafficking, organized crime, law enforcement, us unparalleled opportnuities to improve the This Select Committee, a full committeE narcotics in the military, as well as existing quality of life for all Americans. of the House, will coordinate the efforts o education prevention, treatment and reha­ In the last 20 years female participation the seven House committees and subcon:1- bilitation programs and the criminal justice · in the work force has doubled. Women are mittees that heretofore have exerci·sed juris­ system that deals with narcotics laws and working because they have to work. Forty diction over the various facets of the overall drug related crimes. Under our mandate from percent of our work force is female. Thirty­ drug problem-from the poppy fields to the the Congress, we will review and recommend seven percent of those women work to sup­ veins of America's youth. For far to::i lomz. changes, where needed, to narcotics abuse port themselves. Thirty-nine percent work jurisdiction over this complex issue of drug and control pQlicies made by the President to supplement another family tncome­ abuse and control has been fragmented and any federal department or agency and where that supplement is essential to a September 10, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29799 decent standard of living. Women predom­ change in social attitudes that will have a have shown themselves thoroughly compe­ inate in community services such as health, long-range effect on the labor market, on so­ tent. More women wm follow in their steps. education, and social welfare. Women also cial customs, and on family life. The costs of There is no dichotomy between warmth and predominate in clerical and sales work. Ac­ an ungratified existence can be gauged by the decisiveness. Leadership devoid of under­ cording to economist Victor Fuchs, by 1980 high percentage of alcoholics, the amount of standing is a disaster. In that service society the dominant tone of our society will be set pills and drugs consumed, the number of upon which our country is now entering, by this $,l:lrvice component. Clearly then, a.bused ~hildren, and the soaring crime rate. where close to 70 percent of our working women can be in the vanguard of a new The systems that affect all our lives affect population will be involved in rendering serv­ society. Not only can women be expected to women in unique ways. At the whim of eco­ ice, attitudes of interest, concern for one fill prominent roles in the industrial sec­ nomic policy we are Rosie the Riveter dur­ another, and a desire to offer quality are tor-and I support any mechanisms that ing World War II, and Betty Crocker when essential. This applies whether the service make this possible-but they can be at the the economy buckles and men need jobs. The rendered is maintaining a heating system for forefront in the broadening-and in many texture of family life is changing. Declining a house full of fellow human beings, or help­ ways, new--service sector. It. is on the lat­ fertility rates and the closer spacing of births ing to decide where a foster child's best in­ ter-the service sector-that I wish to focus have freed up a woman's time for paid work terests lie. this testimony. outside her home. Yet when employment cut­ Women insist upon recognition of their With service becoming more and more im­ backs strike, the first casualty is those very skills and capabilities. This recognition can portant, with employment opportunities con­ supportive services that make feasible both be made to mean something only through centrated in the service sector, service posi­ jobs and children. New York City govern­ full employment. We don't want to carry off tions wm gain new status. At the same time, ment-sponsored day-care has been cut dras­ a trophy engraved with our good works. We wages must be made commensurate with tically. As a .result, some fammes need wel­ want jobs. However, a full employment pol­ those in the production sector. Full employ­ fare to supplement time lost from the job to icy wm be meaningless both to women and ment 1s the mechanism and the impetus we meet child care demands. This is economics men without a re-ordering of our priorities; need to effect both these developments. It is at its most counter-productive. People who a rethinking of our goals. We must define time for us to change gears, to put human are employed pay taxes, buy goods. They and meet human needs. The cost of unmet beings-men and women-into jobs where contribute to and stimulate the economy, needs is already too high in human anguish, service to people is. paramount. whereas the unemployed drain the economy. mental illness, crime, destruction of property, Let me sketc}?. briefly for you some of the Tax dollars that could be used to develop new poverty and deprivation, welfare. We must other changes in our society that support jobs are, instead, siphoned off to pay unem­ translate our needs into jobs. the need for a new economic policy. They ployment compensation, and family assist­ Now to specifics: are basic. They involve changes in our values, ance subsidies. Of course we have a moral The elderly need a variety of services: nu­ our view of ourselves and others, the systems Obligation and responsibi11ty to help each tritional and recreational programs, quality that affect our Uves, the skllls that are neces­ other. But how much better 1s it to create nursing homes, services for the severely ill sary for the work that must be done, and to jobs, rather than to make it difficult and, or disabled. Such services are less expensive achieve our goals. sometimes, even a disadvantage, to work. than the costs of institutionalization; but The very values which women cite a.S· im­ There is another aspect to the employment more important, they are the very lea.st that portant to them in a work situation-an op­ problems women face. It is cultural rather we owe to old people. portunity to put ideas in practice, the need than economic and begins early in life with We need a program of home rehabiUtation for self-expression, and the chance to make educational materials, and follows the girl to maintain our housing stock and to permit a significant contribution-are in total har­ and then the young women through testing, people of all ages to live in neighborhoods mony with the ethos of a service society. counseling, right into job availability. The where a sense of community and self-respect Women entering or re-entering the work stereotype is bolstered and the potential con­ is intact. force wish to combine their very real eco­ tribution of women downgraded. Women are There is a shortage of nurses on every level. nomic motivation with their desire to make not exactly encouraged to seek factory work, We need facilities and personnel adequate to a positive contribution. The greatest oppor­ although we have been doing so in increas­ the demand to deal with alcohol and drug tunity to achieve these goals lies in people ing numbers. Math, science, and management abuse, mental health problems, and handi­ work. Here is the place where human needs have been areas in which aspiring young capped people. and an ethos which responds to those need~ women have been discouraged. And there has We need children's and youth services in­ meet. been nothing subtle about it-it has been cluding: day care; programs for pregnant In a service society a. strong relatienship overt, resulting in systematic direction of teenagers; for those with home problems; exists between the humanizing of women women down a pa.th toward jobs considered runaways, delinquents, and those who will and the kinds of jobs we should be opening suitable for members of the weaker sex. shortly be delinquents. in the human services. But the conclusion Three-fourths of all persons receiving wel­ In this City our schools are closing down is inescapable that today the service worker fare supplements or some form of public as­ rapidly. Let's bring back the teachers and does not receive the prestige and is not sistance are women. Fifteen percent of work­ put them to work educating not only the valued as he or she should be. We cannot ing mothers earn such low pay that they re­ young, but the middle-aged and elderly. we arbitrarny elevate the importance of the ceive welfare supplements just to survive. A talk a.bout education as a lifelong ongoing worker in either service or industry. But it controlled recession 1s presumed to contain process. Let us make that a realitY. is essential that through our educational inflation. The result? Those most recently Clearly, there are job shortages in the area system we begin to reorder our values and hired, women and minority groups, are the of service to people. Human services not only attitudes so that work of all kinds 1s given victims. Mr. Keyserling tells us this ts not provides jobs themselves, but generate other the respect it deserves. This means that work sound economics. Whether it ts equitable is jobs, too, such as planning, development, and done by women must be given the respect beyond questiOJl. The answer 1s a thunderous programming. A service society requires it deserves, and there must be an end now "NO"! clerks, supervisors, trainers. It also creates and for all time to unequal pay for equal Full employment must mean an end to jobs through a multitude of ancillary activi­ work. A virtue of the service society is that the divisive competition between women, ties-for example, the construction of new it wm help all of us to see each other as men, and minorities for existing jobs. Legis­ facilities r.equiring building-tra.des workers, human beings and to break down the divi­ lation that prohibits job discrimination the use of materials, and heavy equipment. sions of race and sex. against women is toothless without job op­ FUll employment is essential to the pres­ Women have an impressive history of activ­ portunities for all who wish to work-men ervation of a democratic society, and it need ism. Women fought for child labor laws, pure and women alike. Yet deep in our culture is not be inflationary. It can be achieved food and drugs, for factory safety legislation, the feeling, hidden just below the surface through programs and proposals that increase for conservation and health reform. Women today, that in times of high unemployment, or extend the quality of life. Our present were early activists in the labor movement equity means one job per family, and that system limits access. It maintains the status and continue to fight for social and political job ought to go to the man. I say to you that quo. Our shortage of providers of huma.n issues that affect their lives. justice and economic progress are insepa­ services is too often the result of an arbi­ Mothers in Manhattan lead the struggle to rable. The skills of many talented and com­ trary definition of what constitutes profes­ keep schools open. Young women in The petent women will be lost to us unless we sionaJism in the delivery of service. Bronx spearhead a program of community recognize the richness inherent in full em­ Human services can best be provided by health education. ployment opportunities. Women are a great comprehensive training that 1s germane to The unifying theme of all these actions by natui;-al resource. Let us make creative use jobs. We need education that prepares not women 1s a demand for more humane values. of this abundant human energy. only men, but women, too, for rewarding Working women no longer view themselves in For women, full employment means a work at decent wages; education that fosters a single context. Ninety percent of American chance to bring their skills to a job market. behaviors free of sex stereotypes; education We cannot follow the sexist patterns of the women will be working at least pa.rt of their that imbues students with self-confidence. pa.st. Developing service occupations means Let's plan a. system of learning that makes lives. Having made gains in entering the la­ learning new roles. Everyone learning new mutual responsibility to each other more val­ bor force in recent yea.rs, women are not roles. There is no reason why a woman can­ ued than self-interest. &bout to return exclusively to the home. not be president of a corporation that serv­ Such education requires a blending of When nearly one-half of all women say that ices computers, or manages department theory plus practice in the field. It also calls they want to participate in a rewarding ac­ stores, or administers a health facility. Some for development of well-defined human serv­ tivity outside the home, this reflects a racUca.1 have already achieved such positions and ice skills. As for credentials-I believe that 29800 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 10, 1976 the capacity to perform will be the new tern that these conflicts do get resolved billion in Federal financial aid to help guideline. The service worker and profes­ by popular will and majority vote-even­ coastal areas cope with the problems in­ sional of the future wm tend to be assessed by the citiren who receives service. tually. The year featured some disap­ evitably associated with the development Implicity in all that I have said is a recog­ pointments and some successes, but so of offshore oil and gas resources and a nition that the effective service worker must do most years. bill even more important to our area­ have such ha.rd skills as the ability to draw As this is written we have had since our the final passage of the bill establishing up a sound, sophisticated budget; a working first vote on January 19, 538 votes on a 200-mile exclusive U.S. flshin.g zone in knowledge of math and statistics; capacity to record issues which is not only more order to protect our fishermen from for­ use the computer as a tool; a multlude of votes that can be included in any an­ eign competition and depletion of our necessary management skills. The "working­ dwindling fisheries resources. with-people" ab111t1es that women have nual report of reasonable length, it is learned so well will combine with these solld more votes than Congressmen them­ The following month we reestablished skills to allow women to take their place as selves can handle intelligently. It seems the Federal Election Commission which executives and managers, in addition to all to this Congressman that the institution the Supreme Court had ruled in its the other work roles in a service society. of Congress itself is being challenged to earlier version to be partly unconstitu­ An approach like this one is more likely to streamline its own procedures. We have tio~al and at the moment it is working create worker satisfaction than any form of far too many votes on junk. We have agam, but not without strain and criti­ education yet devised. Furthermore, the cre­ votes on wholly noncontroversial issues. cism. ation of essential jobs may finally rectify the A new scare called swine flu appeared double inequities of too few jobs and inade­ We have unnecessary votes on procedural quate services. matters. We have useless quorwn calls. on the horizon and the Congress wi,th A plan for full employment can only be im­ Any Member with a grudge or a hangover rare haste appropriated $135 million in plemented with our support. We must each can force a vote in the House on a trivial order to produce a vaccine to immunize see the benefit, economically and socially, of issue in order to vent his spleen. One of all Americans against it. We had our our fellow citizens joining us on the work the great problems of the Congress-far annual debate over procurement for de­ force and sharing in the satisfactions of more important than the aberrations f e~~e and eventually pa.ssed the largest leading productive lives. Most lmportantly­ nnhtary procurement bill in my career­ we must welcome women. such as Elizabeth Ray which preempted so much of the media last year, is the $33.3 billion. Before doing so, we had eternal conflict between the necessity of ~ur annual vote on continuing the B-1 protecting the rights of the minority­ bomber and by a narrow margin, the ~ouse voted to continue it. The closer CONGRESSMAN OTIS G. PIKE RE­ even a minority of one Member in the House and the necessity of seeing that it gets to production, apparently, the PORTS TO HIS CONSTITUENTS ON more people vote against it. 2D SESSION, 94TH CONGRESS what the majority wants gets accom­ plished. In this session of Congress and Hp.ving voteq to spend $33.3 billion for in the preceding session of Congress, we weapons procurement in 1977, we voted have done a great deal about ending the to spend $250 million for the arts and HON. OTIS G. PIKE abuses of the seniority system of con­ humanities. We then voted to provide OF NEW YORK flicts of interest, of campaign fi_nancing, $3.2 billion to other countries for arms IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES of government in secret. We have not and military assistance. Friday, September 10, 1976 made Congress an efficient instrument O~e of the hopeful developments out of this Congress has been the adoption by Mr. PIKE. Mr. Speaker, I take this op­ for carrying out national policies and this must be our goal in the years ahead. the Congress of a congressional budget portunity, as the 94th Congress, hope­ process which has the aim of making fully, approaches adjournment, to report . Our Bicentennial year started in a rather noncontroversial manner. In Congress really look at budget priorities to the people of the First Congressional an~ make hard choices instead of simply District of the State of New York on the January, in the first of many energy bills considered during the year, we amended votmg for everything and against raising actions and activities of that Congress the national debt. The last votes of April and of their Congressman. the law pertaining to the use of coal de­ posits on Federal lands. At the end of the were largely on this issue. Some sessions of Congress are rather In May, we authorized $10.9 million easy to characterize-2 years ago, for month we had the first of many con­ frontations with the President passing, for programs to protect our waterways example, the great issues were energy and ocean waters from unregulated and Watergate. Last year the two great over his veto, appropriations for health and education which were larger than he dumping. While the concept is good the issues were the collapse of the govern­ amount authorized hardly scratch~ the ment of South Vietnam and the sickness wanted and cutting off aid to Angola. The House timidly voted to suppress the re­ surface of the problem. of our economy at home. This year has In May, we also handied several bills of not been marked by any single great is­ port of the House Select Committee on Intelligence thereby setting the stage for interes~ to environmentalists, including sues, but rather by a great host of im­ e~tend1!1g the sea-grant college program, portant, but not overwhelming, issues­ another investigation as to how Dan Schorr got it.

Pike Pike Date Issue vote Date Issue vote

1976 Feb. 9 B111 to strengthen the authority of the Sec­ Jan. 19 Bill to make federal grants to states to reim­ retary of Agriculture to establish and en­ burse local school districts for the actual force humane standards for the transpor­ costs they incurred in providing education tation o:f animals in interstate commerce, services to Indochinese refugee students. to make violators subject to civil and crim­ (yea 311; nay 75)------Yea inal penalties, and to prohibit and make a Jan. 21 Bill to amend the Mineral Leasing Act o:f 1920 :federal crime transporting animals in to revise procedures governing the leasing interstate commerce for · the purpose of and development of coal deposits on :fed­ holding animal fights involving live birds, eral lands. (yea 344; nay 51)------Yea dogs or other mammals. (yea 335; nay Jan. 27 Passage, over the President's veto, of the bill 34) ------Yea to make fiscal 1976 appropriations of Feb. 10 Bill to authorize the continuation through $36,073, 748,318 and transition period ap­ fiscal 1977 of the public employment pro­ propriations of $8,953,070,000 :for the De- • gram under the Comprehensive Employ­ partments of Labor and Health, Education ment and Training Act, providing up to and Welfare and related agencies. (yea 310; 320,000 emergency jobs, and to establish a nay 113)------Yea new project-oriented public service jobs Jan. 27 Bar U.S. aid to the factions fighting in the program to create an additional 280,000 civil war in Angola except for intell1gence jobs. (yea 239; nay 154) ------Yea gathering. Motion agreed to. (yea 323; nay Feb.17 Extend the Library Service and Construction 99) ------Yea Act for five years, through fiscal 1981. Jan. 29 Rules Committee amendment authorizing (yea 378; nay 7)------. Yea the House Select Intelligence Committee Feb.18 • A:ppropriate $2.032-billion to provide for the to file a report on the CIA and other intel­ purchase of Consolidated Rail Corporation ligence agencies by Jan. 30, but barring the (ConRail) securities by the United States release of classifled information until the Railway Associ·ation for fiscal years 1976, study had been certified by the President 1978, 1979. (yea 298; nay 95) ______Yea as not containing information that would adversely affect the intell1gence activities Feb. 19 Passage, over the President's veto, of the bill of the CIA or other agencies. (yea 246; nay to authorize $6.1 billion for job-creating public works projects and anti-recession 124) ------Nay Feb. 5 Bill to deregulate the price of natural gas a.id to state and local governments. (yea sold by small producers with sales of less 319; nay 98)------Yea than 100-billion cubic feet a year, but con­ Feb. 19 Resolution to require the House Committee tinue regulation o:f major gas producers by on Standards of Offici

Pike Pike Date Issue vote Date Issue vote

House Select Intelligence Committee and blood diseases, to prevent and control to make recommendations. (yea 269; genetic diseases and to provide research nay 115)------Yea training support for students in advanced Feb.25 Bill to raise the temporary debt limit by $32 scientific fields. (yea 360; nay 0) ------Yea billion, to $627 b1llion, through June 30, Apr.13 Supplemeilltal a.ppropri,ations of $8.1 billion 1976. (yea 212; nay 189)------­ Yea for fiscal year 1976 and $2.3 billion for the Mar. 4 Appropriate $4,989,013,054 for foreign mili­ transition period, July-Sept. 1976, includ­ tary and economic assistance and relateci ing $2.4 billion for public assistance grants programs in fiscal 1976. (yea 214; nay 152) _ Nay to the states, $2.6 billion to pay for a 5% Mar.9 Blll to outlaw credit discrimination based on wage increase for federal workers, and $1.6 age, race, color, religion or national origin. billion for increased veterans .benefits. (yea 384; nay 3)------Yea (yea 352; nay 35)------Yea Mar. 11 Authorize $1.45 billion in new federal finan­ Apr. 26 Authorize a. total of $250 million for fiscal cial aid over five years to help coastal states 1977, $297 million for fiscal 1978 and open­ cope with the development of their off­ ended funding for fiscal 1979 and 1980 to shore oil and gas resources. (yea 370; extend support for the National Founda­ nay 14)------Yea tion on the Arts and Humanities. (yea 279; Mar. 11 Authorize $445,041,000 in fiscal 1977 for cer­ nay 59)------Yea tain maritime programs of the Commerce Apr. 28 Add $610 million in budget authority and Department including maritime training outlays to the veterans' affairs budget and education at the Merchant Marine category for extension of eligibility for Academy at Kings Point, N.Y. (yea 315; educational benefits. (yea 218; nay 188) __ Yea nay42)------Yea Apr. 28 Reduce ·budget authority for national defense Mar.22 Authorize $81 in1llion in fiscal 1977 for pro­ to $110 billion, from $112 billion, and re­ grams and administrative expenses of the duce outlays to $100.3 billion, frotn $100.6 Peace Corps. (yea 274; nay 75)------­ Yea billion. (yea. 145; nay 255)------Nay Mar. 22 Authorize $3.7 billion for the National Aero­ Apr. 29 Passage, over the President's veto, of the bill nautics and Space Administration for fiscal to give federal employees the right to par­ 1977. (yea 330; nay 35)------Yea ticipate in partisan political campaigns Mar. 23 Provide $125 million to help states comply ~ and to run for local, state or federal office. with health, safety, and staffing standards Rejected (thus sustaining rthe President's for federally supported day care centers veto). (yea 243; nay 160-). (Requires two­ serving low-income families. (yea 316; thirds vote)------Yea nay 72)------Yea Apr. 29 Adoption of the resolution setting fiscal 1977 Mar. 23 Joint resolution to amend the Constitution budget targets of $454.1 billion in budget to provide for voting representation for the authority, $415.4 billion in outlays, reve­ District of Columbia in Congress. (yea 229; nues of $363 billion and a deficit of $52.4 nay 181) (failed-requires two-thirds billion. (yea 221; nay 155) ------Yea vote) ------Nay Apr. 30 Extend through Sept. 30, 1976, the authoriza­ Mar. 25 Authorize $801 million in fiscal 1977 for the tion for appropriations under Title VI of National Science Foundation. (yea 358; nay the Comprehensive .Employment and 33) ------Yea Training Act. "(yea 287; nay 42)------Yea. Mar. 29 Authorizing the House Committee on.Stand- Apr. 30 Provide a payment of $50,000 to the family ards of Official Conduct to spend· up to of any law enforcement officer killed in the $150,000 in its investigation of the unau­ line of duty. (yea 199; nay 93) ______Yea thorized release of the final report of the Apr. 30 Provide a $50,000 payment to the family of Select Committee on IntelUgence. (yea 278; any firefighter killed in the line of duty. nay 87)------Nay (yea 178; nay 80)------Yea Mar. 30 Bill to give federal employees the right to May 3 . Authorize $10.9 million through fiscal 1977 participate in partisan political campaigns for programs to protect the nation's wa­ and to run for local, state or federal office. terways and ocean waters from unregu­ (yea 241; nay 164) ------Yea lated dumping. (yea. 362; nay O) ------Yea Mar. 30 Adoption of the conference report on the May 4 Passage, over the President's veto, of the bill B111 to extend the 12-mile exclusive U.S. to provide $125 million through Sept. 30, fishing zone oft' U.S. coasts to 200 miles in 1976, to help states comply with health, order to protect American fishermen from safety and staffing standards for federally foreign competition for scarce fish stocks, supported day care centers serving low- and to establish eight regional fish conser­ income families. (yea 301; nay 101) ______Yea vation councils. (yea 346; nay 52)------Yea May 4 Passage of the bill to authorize $256.6 million Mar. 31 Bill to authorize production of oll and gas for EPA research and development activi- from U.S. Naval Petroleum Reserves. (yea ties in fiscal 1977. (yea 381; nay 16) ______Yea 390; nay 5)------­ Nay Apr. 1 Reconstitute the Federal Election Commis­ May 5 Increase the annual authorization for the sion and to make revisions In the 1974 Land and Water Conservation Fund to campaign finance law. (yea 241; nay 155)-- Yea $450 million in fiscal 1978, $625 million in Apr. 5 Authorize $304,069,000 in fiscal 1977 for pro­ fiscal 1979 and $800 million in fiscal 1980- curement of Coast Guard vessels and air­ 89; and to establish a federal grant pro­ craft and for the construction of facilities. gram for preservation of historic proper­ (yea 358; nay 9) ------Yea ties. (yea 392; nay 3) ------Yea Apr. 5 Appropriate $135,064,000 In fiscal 1976 to fi­ May 12 Extend for one year the authorization for nance the production of a vaccine to lm­ federal aid to higher education programs. mu~ze U.S. citizens against swine lnfiuc (yea 388; nay 7) ------Yea enza. (yea 354; nay 12) ------Yea May 17 Establish a federal Commission on Security Apr. 8 Defer expenditure o! $960 million recom­ and Cooperation in Europe to monitor mended In the bill for purchase of 3 B-1 compliance with and violations of the 1975 bombers until the President certified to Helsinki Agreement, particularly its hu­ Congress, after Feb. l, 1977, that the pur­ manitarian principles. (yea 240; nay 95) __ Yea chase was in the national interest and Con­ May 19 gress approved the purchase by concurrent Authorize $116 mlllion for solar electric, resolution. (yea 177; nay 210)------ocean thermal, wind energy, biomass and Yea · related research and development programs Apr. 9 Authorize appropriation of $33.3 bllllon for by alloc~ting $58 million to solar heating weapons procurement and military re­ and cooling programs and $58 million to search and development programs of the other solM programs and to delete line­ Defense Department in fiscal 1977. (yea item a.uthoriza.tlons for specific solar tech­ 298; nay 52)------Yea nologies and provisions to increase the Apr. 12 Authorize $1.3 blllion in fiscal 1976-78 !or ERDA Solar Division staff by 74 positions. federal programs to combat heart, lung and (yea 321; nay 68)------Yea September 10, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29803

Pike Pike Date Issue vote Date Issue vote

May20 Authorize $2.25 billion for rthe U.S. share of June 17. Appropriate $105,397,343,000 for operations Inter-American Development Bank loan and. programs of the Department of De­ funds through fl.seal 1979, e.nd providing fense for fiscal 1977. (yea 331, nays 53)- Yea for U.S. participation in the African De­ June21 Make permanent the 8 % increase provided in velopment Fund. (yea 275; nay 120) ------Yea PL..94-169 for eligible veterans, widows a.nd May20 Authorize $7.4 blllion in fiscal 1977 for other dependents and to provide a 7 % cost­ Energy Research and Development (ERDA) of-living increase in benefits, effective Jan. nuclear and non-nuclear programs. (yea 1, 1977, and to raise the limitation on out­ 316; nay 26)------Yea side income that recipients may earn. May21 Authorize $481.5 million in fiscal 1977-79 for (yea 354; nay 0)------Yea federal programs designed to prevent and June22 Resoluti!on expressing the sense of the House treat alcoholism and alcohol abuse. (yea that the Postal Service should not close · 271; nay 3)------Yea small post offices, except in cases of clear May21 Authorize $318.25 mlllion in fiscal 1977-79 and compelling need, or make any other for federal health services research, health cuts in service for the period of a year statistics and medical Ubrary programs. following &doption of the resolution. (yea (yea 268; nay 8)------Yea 399; nay 14)------Yea May24 Authorize an additional -assistant secretary June22 Appropriate $42,982,730,000 in fiscal 1977 for in the Department of Commerce for con­ the Department of Housing and Urban gressional affairs. (yea. 143; nay 178) ----­ Nay Development, Veterans Administration, May25 Establish a program to employ young adults National Aeronautics and Space Adminis­ in public service conservation projects on tration, National Science Foundation and public l&nds. (yea 291; nay 70) ------Yea other independent agencies. (yea 369;· June2 Delete language added iby the International nay 181------Yea Relations Committee placing a ceiling on June 23 Authorize funding through tis.cal 1977 of m111tary assistance to South Korea during $2 billion for job-creating state and local fiscal 1976-77 of $290 million. (yea 241; public works projects, $1.25 billion for n.ay 159)------Nay countercyclical aid to help state and local June 2 Authorize $3.2 billion in foreign military as­ governments maintain services and $700 sistance, weapons sales credits, security million for waste water treatment pro­ a.id and related programs for fisca.11976 and grams. (yea 328; nay 83) ------Yea $3.1 billion for fiscal 1977; the blll also June 24 Exempt farming operations in which 10 or imposed new controls on the sale of m111- fewer persons were employed from OSHA tary equipment by both the federal gov- regulations. (yea 273; nay 124) ------­ Yea .. ernment and U.S. private industry to other June 24 Prohibit use of funds in the Labor-HEW Ap­ countries. (yea 255; nay 140) ------Nay propriations bill to pay for or to promote June 3 Authorize fiscal 1977-79 funds for the Fed­ abortions. (yea 207; nay 167) ------­ Yea eral Water Pollution Control Act Amend­ June 25 Appropriations of $5,957,896,000 for the In- ments of 1972 and to make certain modifi- terior Department and related agencies in cations in the 1972 law. (yea 339; nay 5) __ _ Yea fiscal 1977. (yea 295; nay 1)------­ Yea June 9 Authorize grants to the National Railroad June 28 Prohibit use of funds in the Transportation Passenger Corporation (Amtrak) of $430 · Appropriations bill for commercial fiights million for fiscal 1977 for operating ex­ of supersonic transport (SST) jets to land penses, $140 million for each of fiscal 1977 at U.S. airports until the aircraft could and 1978 for capital needs and $00 million meet federal noise standards. (yea 126; nay for fiscal 1977 and $75 million for fiscal 269) ------Yea 1978 for passenger service in the Washing­ June 28 Passage of the bill to appropriate ton-Boston population corridor. (yea 359; $5,296,077,357 for the transportation pro­ nay 21)------Yea grams of the Dept. of Transportation and · June 10 Resolution to give the chairman and rankillg related agencies in fiscal 1977. (yea 376; minority member of the House Committee nay 21)------Yea on Standards of Official Conduct tempo­ June 28 'Appropriate $5,179,890,909 for foreign as­ rary authority through the 94th Congress sistance programs in fiscal 1976 and to get funds for committee expenses from $759,275,000 for the. July-Sept. transition the House contingent fund. (yea 400; period. (yea 231; nay 158) ------·----- Nay nay 0)------Yea June 29 Passage of the bill to ·appropriate June 10 Extend the federal revenue sharing program $4,833,498,000 for foreign assistance pro- to Sept. 30, 1980, and to authorize the dis­ grams in fiscal 1977. (yea 238; nay 169) ___ _ Nay tribution of $24.95 b1llion as an entitle­ June 30 Authorize $850 million in fiscal 1977 contract ment to state and local governments. (yea authority for federally subsidized housing 361; nay 35)------Nay programs, to increase funding available for June 11 Authorize $49,290,000 for planning, design housing programs for the elderly and to and construction of winter sports facilities extend a number of other housing-related at Lake Placid, N.Y. for the 1980 Olympic programs through fiscal 1977. (yea 341; nay Winter Games. (yea 179; nay 147) ------Yea 68) ------Yea June 14 Provide fiscal 1977 appropriations of June30 $8,267,636,000 for Treasury, postal service Appropriate $6,680,314,453 in fiscal 1977 for and general government operations, in­ the Departments of State, Justice and cluding funds for the White House and the Commerce, the Judiciary and 20 related Executive Office of the President. (yea 261; agencies. (yea 360; nay 42) ------Yea nay 99)------Yea June30 Resolution expressing disapproval of the June 14 Raise the temporary debt limit to $700 bil­ House to the administr·ation's energy ac­ lion through Sept. 30, 1977. (yea 184; nay tion No. 3 removing price and allocation controls from certain heating oil and diesel 177) ------Yea June 15 Appropriate $9,666,809,000 in fiscal 1977 for fuel. (yea 194; nay 208) ------Yea public water and power projects and for July 1 Adoption of the resolution to rescind the Energy Research and Development Admin­ unilateral authority of the House Adminis­ istration (ERDA) operating expenses and tration Committee to alter members' per­ construction projects. The bill also pro­ quisites. (yea 311; nay 92) ------Yea vided $200 million in supplemental fiscal July 1 Adoption of the bill appropriating $3,338,- 1976 appropriations to compensate victims 795,000 for fiscal 1977 for military con­ of the June 5, 1976, Teton River Dam dis­ struction prog·rams and family housing for aster in Idaho. (yea 378; nay 20) ------Yea the armed services. (yea 357; nay 26)---- Yea June16 Appropriate $11,703,438,000 for the Depart­ July 20 Amendment to require states to pay a maxi­ ment of Agriculture and related agencies mum weekly benefit equal to 50% of a for fiscal 1977. (yea 377; nay 26)------Nay claimant's weekly wage, up to two-thirds 29804 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 10, 1976

Pike Pike Date Issue vote Date Issue vote

of the statewide average weekly wage in Aug.10 Extending the life of the Federal Energy covered employment. (yea 113; nay 281) __ Na.y Administration through 1977, providing for July 20 Bill to extend coverage to 8.9 mlllion addi­ federal financi·al incentives for energy con­ tional workers, to increase the tax ra.te servation, eUminating certain oil price temporarily to 0.7% from 0.5%, 'and to constraints, •and encouraging reform orf increase the taxable wage ibase to $6,000 electric rate structures. (ye·a 293; nay 88)- Yea from $4,200. (yea 237; nay 157) ------Yea Aug.10 'Bill rto designate a 26.5 mile stretch o·! the July 21 Bill to revise leasing procedures for the oil New River in North Ga.rolina as part of the and g.a.s resources on the Outer Continental Wild and Scenic Rivers System, thus in­ Shelf. (yea 247; nay 140) ------Yea validating a Federal Power Commission July 22 Passage, over the President's veto, the ·bill to license for the construction of a hydro­ a.uthorize funding through fiscal 1977 of electric power project. (yea 311; nay 73) __ $2 ·billion for job-creating state and local Aug.10 Appropriate $56,618,207,575 for the Depart­ Yea public works projects, $1.25 billion for ments of La!bor and Health, Education, and anti-recessionary aid to help state and Welfare and relaJted agencies for fiscal 1977. local governments maintain services and (yea 279; nay 100)------Yea $700 million for waste water treatment Aug. 10 Motion that the House recede from its dis­ programs. (yea 310; nay 96) ------Yea agreement to the Senate amendment strik­ July 22 Passage, over the President's veto, the b111 to ing from the bill a section to forbid the use authorize $3.3 billion for military con­ of federal funds to pay for, promote or en­ struction projects in fiscal 1977 and to re­ courage abortions. (yea 150; nay 223)----- Nay quire a year's advance notice of Pentagon Aug. 10 Passage of the bill to authorize a national plans to close or greatly reduc& any major swine flu immunization program and to military base in the U.S. (yea 270; nay give the federal government primary lia­ 131) ------Yea bili~y for law suits arising from the pro­ July 22 B111 to consolidate and strengthen the ad- gram. (yea 250; nay 83)------Yea ministration of public lands and make Aug. 23 Bill to establish a federal regulatory program changes in federal grazing laws. (yea 169; for industrial and commercial chemicals, nay 155)------Yea to require manufacturers to notify the July 27 Bill to amend the Articles of Agreement of Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) the International Monetary Fund to per­ before marketing new chemicals and to mit floating exchange rates. (yea 289; nay authorize the agency to require testing of 121) ------Yea potentially dangerous substances. (yea 319; July 27 Passage of the bill to prohibit debt collec- nay 45)------Yea tion agencies operating in more than one Aug. 24 Bill to give George Washington the rank .of state from engaging in certain practices General of the Armies of the United States. unfair to consumers. (yea 239; nay 162)--- Yea (yea 275; nay 107)------Nay July 28 Passage of the blll to strengthen mine he!).lth Aug. 25 Passage of the bill to extend the federal guar­ and safety standards and enforcement anteed student loan program through fis­ practices. (yea 309; nay 66) ------Yea cal 1980 and to modify the program to July 28 Passage of the bill to require that all meet­ reduce the loan default rate. (yea 391; ings of federal agencies headed by 2 or nay 3)------Yea more persons be open to the public unless Aug. 25 Appropriations through fiscal 1977 of $2 bil­ the members voted to close a meeting for lion for job-creating state and local public specified reasons. (yea 390; nay 5)------Yea works projects, $1.25 b1llion for "counter­ July 29 Bill to permit California to continue to pay cyclical" aid to help state and local gov­ special bonuses to Supplemental Security ernments maintain services and $200 mil­ Income (SSI) recipients instead of en­ lion for waste water treatment programs. titling them to food stamps only if the (yea 311; nay 72) ------Yea state also passed federal cost-of-living in­ creases in SSI benefits through to recipi­ Aug. 26 Authorizing the chairman of the Subcom­ mittee on Oversight and Investigation of ents. (yea 210; nay 179)------Nay the Interstate and Foreign Commerce July 29 Adoption of the resolution to establish a Committee to intervene in a pending court House Select Committee on Narcotics case regarding telephone wiretap informa­ Abuse and Control. (yea 361; nay 10)----­ Yea tion held by the American Telephone and July30 Passage of the bill to authorize $475.6 million Telegraph Co., and authorizing $50,000 to in fiscal 1978-80 for improvement of Indian employ special counsel in the case. (yea health oare programs. (yea 310; nay 9)--- Yea Aug.2 Establish in the Energy Research and Devel­ 180; nay 143)------Yea opment Administration (ERDA) an Energy Aug. 30 Passage of the bill to revise the federal Sup­ Extension Service to provide a program of plemental Security Income (SSI) welfare assistance to state and local governments program for the aged, blind and disabled. on energy conservation. (yea 323; nay 55) __ Yea (yea 374; nay 3) ------Yea Aug.4 Passa.ge, over the President's veto, of the Aug. 31 Bill to authorize $100 million for the first two blll to amend the Mineral Le.a.sing Act of years of a five-year program to promote de­ 1920 to revise procedures governing the velopment of ca.rs that use nonpetroleum­ leasing and development of coal deposits based fuels. (yea 344; nay 39) ------Yea on federal lands. (yea 316; nay 85) ______Yea Sept. 1 Amendment to Legislative Appropriations Aug.~ Passage of the bill to require annual federal b111 to deny the automatic cost-of-living payments to local governments to partially salary increase scheduled to take effect on compensate for loss of tax revenues because Oct. 1 for members of the House, senators, of tax-exempt federal lands within their judges and top-level federal oftlcials. (yea boundaries. (yea 270; nay 125) ______Nay 325; nay 75)------Nay Aug.9 Blll to create a Voter Registration Admin­ Sept. 2 Passage of the bill to extend Law Enforce­ istration within the Federal Election Com­ ment Assistance Administration Authori­ mission to authorize a nation-wide voter zation for one year, through fiscal 1977, postcard registration program. (yea 239; with an authorization level o! $895 mil­ nay 147)------Yea lion. (yea 324; nay 8) ------Yea September 10, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29805 COMPETITION IN THE TELEPHONE d. The Post-Carterfone Era, 1969-73. aged crossbar systems (756A, 757A), are costly INDUSTRY 357. 'I'be Trial Staff's proposed findings ade­ and the 757A has proved to be troublesome quately review the changes in the market to install and maintain, modern electronic environment after Carter/one. Because of the system development (810A) seems to be lag­ market metamorphosis in the competitive ging. These conditions force us to look to HON. DONALD M. FRASER climate that has occurred and the signlfi· manufacturers outside the Bell System. OF MINNESOTA cance of this topic most of these findings are Outsid~ manufacturers appear to be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES adopted (with editorial revisions) below. equipped to meet our needs. There are four specific areas where we are impressed.. Friday, September 10, 1976 358. As electronic PBXs became available in the 1960's it became apparent that these 363. The four specific areas . that "im­ Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, the appro­ were not economical compared with the sys­ pressed" SNETCO about the independent priate role of competition in the tele­ tems they were to replace. Also, independ­ manufacturers we.re: 1) features; ii) sched­ communications industry is a question ently manufactured products became avail­ ules; 111) attitude; and iv) costs. These many of us in the Congress are wrestling able to the operating telephone company areas were not being met satisfactorily by customers due to Carter/one in 1968. The Western in SNETCO's opinion. The oonclu­ with. From my own study of the issue impact of the latter on Western's PBX Prod­ sion of SNETCO's memo on Outside Suppliers I have found that the limited degree of uct Line of the 60's has already been demon­ was: "we can obtain wen designed, reliable competition now allowed by the FCC in strated, and, as will be shown, oompetttion PBX equipment. from manufacturing out­ the terminal equipment and private line continued to impact the Bell System PBX side the Bell System, at reasonable cost, with­ services has been useful in promoting service throughout the 19-70's. in reasonwble time intervals at attractive and hastening technological changes. 359. In November, 1968 the New Products prices." Trial Staff Phase II Ex. 296C-22, These improvements in the kinds of Board, which was the forerunner of the CUs· p. 17). SNETCO's management evidently tomer Products Council (CPO) recognized thought well enough of its actions to report equipment available for consumers have that interconnection would result in a more to its State Public Utillties Commission that been made both by the new competitors competitive market which would require its purchase from non-Bell suppliers had and by the Bell System. "faster policy level decision on products and saved the company about 2.1 million dollars Two events have occurred within the services being sold directly to customers." in one year. last few weeks which may have a major After discussing the role it should play in 364. Mr. Schiavoni, AT&T Engineering Di­ impact on the degree of competition improving the decision process, the Board de­ rector, Customer Telephone Systems, wrote which will ·eventually be allowed in the cided to review in detail the Bell System the Engineering Staff heads of aH the Bell position in the PBX market. This review took operating telephone companies on March 30, industry. First, Administrative Judge place at the next meeting in January, 1969, 1970, concerning their recent interest in non­ David Kraushaar issued a lengthy deci­ where it was reported (Trial Staff Phase II Bell PBX systems. After extoll1ng the ad­ sion in the Federal Communications Ex. 296C-22, p. 4): vantages of future Western equipment, to be Commission docket 18128, which inves­ The presentation and discussion which de­ available in 1971 and 1972, Mr. Schiavoni tigated the structure of A.T. & T. and veloped were intended to acquaint Board declared: "It is our understanding that a Western Electric and the rate schedule members with our current posture 1n this number of the operating companies are in­ for interstate long-distance telephone market and to highlight weaknesses in our terested in non-Bell PBX systems to meet service. Second, on August 26 Data present line of offerings and services. Broad service commitments. In this connection, ar­ comparisons of cost, size and features of Bell r:angements have been made for Western Transmission Corp.-Datron-which System and competitive devices indicated Eletcric Company to purchase PBXs of other competed with A.T. & T. in trans­ need for more variety in our PBX line for than Western manufacturers for the operat­ mitting computerized data, went out of small to medium users. It is expected that ing companies when requested to do so." business. This decision was reached 1 Marketing, Engineering, Western Electric and Trial Staff Phrase II Ex. 296C-19, p. 23. The day after officials of Datron :filed an anti­ the Labs will step up efforts to develop the letter also provided information to the trust suit against A.T. & T. on charges of nec.essary new offerings. The New Products operating companies on various non-Bell predatory pricing practices designed to Board will be kept advised. PBXs. • . establish barriers to entry to competitors Competition had already probed the mar­ 365. Mr. Schiavoni sent two !opow up let­ ket and deficiencies were found in the Bell ters to his March 30, 1970 General Letter. in the communications market and driv­ product line serving small and medium users. ing existing competitors out of business. The first letter, dated April 16, 1970, trans­ These users comprised over 80 % of total PBX mitted planning information on the propo·sed Much publicity has been given to users. electronic PBX product line and requested Judge Kraushaar's decision which was 360. To meet the new competitive threat, the operating telephone companies' views on largely favorable to A.T. & T., but I would Bell determined that a new product line and plrans for utilizing electronic PBX systems. like to bring to the attention of my col­ a new approach to the PBX market was nec­ The letter explained that the PBX product leagues a portion of the judge's ruling. essary. The new product line was to be com­ line would be comprised of the 101 ESS, 801A, In this section of the ruling, Judge prised of the 801A, 805A, 802A and 770A PBXs. 805A and 810A PBXs. Mr. Schiavoni not€d The new approach to the PBX market in­ thrat the five systems which he listed were Kraushaar summarizes much of the cluded the new Western Electric Denver trial staff's :findings on the atmosphere "clearly not the final line, and indeed may Plant, and greater emphasis on an aspects not be a complete product line." Mr. in the telecommunications industry after of the PBX market by the entire Bell System. Schiavoni also solicited informatf.on from the the Carterfone·decision in 1968. 361. In the period 1969-70 some Bell oper­ operating telephone company customers con­ I think this record speaks for the posi­ ating telephone companies were beginning cerning the types of products that should be to consider the purchase of PBX equipment provided. tive role competition plays in bringing from non-Bell manufacturers. These pur­ new products to the market. A.T. & T. chases were tabulated and enumerated by 366. The second letter by Mr. Schiavoni, was so aware of the shortcomings of the "Subscriber Product Information and dated June 22, 1970, was a supplement to some of its PBX equipment for the spe­ Research Department" of Western Electric. his March 30, 1970 Gene.ral Letter. It pro­ cialized needs of certain customers that Figures on the expected Bell operating com­ vided a basic review of the Nippon Electric pany purchases of non-Bell equipment for NA4-09. It was sent because "considerable it allowed Bell operating companies to interest" had been expressed by the operat­ purchase the non-Bell equipment to sup­ the year 1970 were also tabulated. The major suppliers of· non-Bell equipment were I'IT ing companies in the NA4-09 PBX. ply its customers. and Nippon Electric, a Japanese manufac­ 367. Mr. Elllnghaus, AT&!r Executive Vice The result of the Carterfone decision turer. In total, the purchases of non-Bell President, sent a letter to the Presidents of was not poor service as the telephone equipment came to 84 PBXs, with an addi­ the operating companies dated Junb 25, company had predicted. Instead it was a tional purchase of 83 PBXs being planned. 1970 supporting the three General Letters period of new and exicting developments 362. SNETCO, supra, one of the Bell oper­ by Mr. Schiavoni. After discussing the avall­ as companies sought to meet the spe­ ating telephone companies that had pur­ abiUty of the new Western, Electric Product cialized needs of businesses. Such inno­ chased non-Bell equipment, declared in a Line, Mr. Ellinghaus explained that, while memo entitled "OUtside Suppliers-Customer it was Bell's continuing intention to serve vation would have been impossible to Equipment," dated July 7, 1969, the reason business customers, operating telephone mandate by FCC regulations-but the for such purchases (Trial Staff Phase II Ex. companies ought to consider outside man­ FCC was able to effect such through its 296C-22, p. 16) : ufactured PBXs where "Bell System PBXs do rulings to allow carefully restricted com­ For some time now, our abtllty t,o provide not fully satisfy significant customer needs petition. our PBX and Centrex customers with the and our new designs are not yet available." I would like to share with my col­ service they want-on relatively short no­ 368. The record reflects two responses from leagues portions of Judge Kraushaar's tice-with modern equipment--a.nd at a rea­ the operating companies to the series of sonable cost to us has been in jeopardy. For letters from Mr. Schiavoni and Mr. Elling­ decision which deal with the develop­ obsolete step-by-step equipment (701PK, haus. The first is a letter, dated September ments in technology due, at least in part, 701B), intervals are long and costs are high­ 28, 1974, from Mr. McMUlan, Chairman of to meeting the pressures of competition: particularly engineering and installation la­ the TelCo CUE to Mr. Schiavoni. Mr. Mc­ CXXII--1879-Part 23 bor costs which are increasing rapidly; pack- Mlllan presented the TelCo CUE position 29806 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 10, 1976 with respect to these letters stating (Trial make to the Customer Products Council. panies' viewpoints, as of October, 1970 on Staff Phase II Ex. 2960-19, p. 34) : Among other things, this review revealed competition and the proposed new product We believe you wm find most, if not all, that the Bell System was " ... in price d1f­ line. On the issue of competition the report companies opposed to the discontinuance flcul ty in the middle of the size range of our noted that AT&T Marketing was collecting of the 756A PBX at this time. Because of PBX offerings, i.e., 80-300 Unes. The principal information on "the level of competitive ac­ the significant cost difference, neither the competitors are two Japanese machines." tivity in each TelCo." Each telephone com­ 800A nor the proposed 810A are considered The l·atter conclusion was baised on the CPRT pany sent a Mst of "competitive cases" to a suitable replacement for the 756A. Out­ price study of all PBXs, and Lt identified the AT&T Marketing indicating the reasons why side suppliers are quickly becoming capable two Japanese machines as the NEPAX 100, a customer did or did not choose Bell System of meeting customer service demands and and the NA4-00, both manufactured by equipment. The task force summarized the with the current interconnection policy, we Nippon Electric. With respect to the NA4-09 pattern of operating company interest in must be able to provide comparable service the Customer Switching Commtttee recom­ non-Bell equipment stating (Trial Sta.ff at comparable cost if we are to place them mended to the customer Products Coun­ Phase II Ex. 2960-19, p. 53) : in a competitive environment. In addition, cil that (Trial Staff Phase II Ex. 2690-19, It was interesting, and on the whole not we must realize a reduction in installation p. 63): unexpected, to note that those telcos which intervals and customer space requirements. . . . we provtde such a machine with its were not experiencing strong competition Mr. McM1llan concluded his letter by l{nown deficiencies, but make sure the pur­ were not investigating Telco purchase of stating (Trial Staff Phase II Ex. 296C-19, chaser ls well aware of the operaiting charac­ outside supplier customer switching equip­ p. 35): teristics. (One exception is that we would ment. The Operating Companies would like the correct its transmission shortcomings.) We It was also reported that a number of tele­ opportunity to express their views on plans should provide such a. machine promptly, or phone companies were investigating the use for using the total dial PBX product line­ not at all. We will return to the c;pc in of outside-supplied PBXs as a means of im­ those systems existed today as well as the about a month with a specific proposal to proving their rates of return. A later study proposed 800 line of PBX systems proposed eLther purchase the Nippon PBXs for use by by New York Telephone Co. on PBX rate of in the 70's. We believe a different picture the operating companies or to present a plan return, entitled "Interdepartmental PBX/ may emerge than that presented by the for Western to manufacture a machine with CTX Task Force Study," dated February 2, April, 1970 survey. very similar characteristics. 1971, found that New York Telephone Co. Seemingly, the operating companies did 373. On November 5, 1970, the Customer had achieved a higher rate of return using not believe that the new product line would Products Council met to review the proposals the Nippon Electric NA4-09 over the exist­ be able to meet the competitive equipment and recommendations of the Customer ing Western PBXs at that time, for both and services provided by independent manu­ SwLtching Committee. The OPC determined series 200 and 300 PBX service. · facturers. that it was not necessary for the CSC to con­ 375. On the question of the proposed prod­ 369. The second response to the series of duct a feasibil:lty study on the possible pur­ uct line, the joint AT&T-Bell Labs task force letters from Mr. Schiavoni was from Assist­ chase of the NA4-09. The minutes of the reported that the Bell operating telephone ant Vice President-Planning, and Assistant CSC reported this decision was made because companies felt it would be a mistake to A&M Vice President-Development, of New York the CPC "thought it mandatory that a West­ (additions and maintenance only) the older Telephone Compa.ny. Their reply to Mr. ern-manufactUl'ed machine be provided. . " 700 series PBXs, because the new 800 series Schiavoni made several points concerning On the issue of competLtion and ra.tes a. PBXs were more expensive. Also, the Bell Messrs. schiavoni's and Ellinghaus' letters. Mr. Kemp, of AT&T's Marketing and Service operating companies reported to the task First, they reiterated the position of the Plans, reported to the CPC thait competi­ force that the price and availa;bility estimates TelCo CUE on the replacement of the 756A tion was making inroads into the PBX mar­ iby AT&T and Bell Labs lacked "crediblllty." PBX with the 800 eleotronic PBX product ket. To meet this threat he "stressed that The reason for the credlblllty gap given by line stating: "We do not consider the 800A an improved customer switching plan is the companies was: "Having been burned or 801 a suitable replacement for the 756A, needed to respond to expressed customer too often, the Telcos simply do not believe because of the significant cost differential needs, to meet competition, to reflect actual AT&T/BTL price and availability estimates." in favor of the latter system." Second, they investment and improve profitability, and to (Trial Staff Phase II Ex. 296C-19; p. 55). indicated that New York Tel. was "giving accommodate [sic] immediate changes and 376. On balance, the facts as described serious consideration" to the purchase of future innovations." Trial Staff Phase II justify the Staff's summation that many non-Bell P:(JX systems due to price and Ex. 269C-19, p. 67. The outline for an im­ problems had been manifested with the Bell availability. But they indicated "[u]se of proved customer switching plan approved by PBX market. The Bell operating telephone these systems, if adopted, will not be con­ the CPC was (Trial Staff Phase II Ex. 296C- companies were not satisfied with Western's sidered as an expedient or an interim meas­ 19, p. 67): PBX products and service and they exercised ure," as recommended by Mr. Ellinghaus. Short term- their independence by purchasing the com­ Finally, they made it clear that long term Continue packaging concept-it has field peting products of the general trade manu­ planning was "nebulous at this time" be­ support. facturers, whether in order to satisfy and cause there was no firm cost, price, and avail­ Get series 100 filed (only 18 states now retain their business customers or to improve ability information available from We.stern have it): their rates of return. Competitive equipment on Lts new product line. 805A and any other low cost vehicle will evidently became available that offered more features and was less costly than Bell equip­ 371. In the July, 1970 meeting of the PBX h~. ' Council, the activities of both Bell and the Existing hardware prices must be adjusted. ment at that time. Also, there seem to have independent supp.Hers in the PBX market Restructure present series 200 and 300 been product voids in Bell's PBX product were discussed. First, the Council noted that packages: lines •that competitive equipment had been a Cost Price Review Team (CPRT) was un­ Offer features individually or at lower able to fill. This new market environment dertaking a comprehensive review of cus­ package rate. induced, or stimulated, Bell to develop new tomer switching prices using independently Offer more package flexibility product lines (i.e., the 801A, 805A, 802A and 770A PBXs), to improve its service, and to manufactured competitive machines as a Develop a DID/AIOD PBX offering. basis for comparison. Second, the Council Long term- innovate new pricing techniques and tariffs. discussed the Current Business Picture. Continue effort to reduce cost of electronic The case histories of the development of Western's representatives explained that one PBX's (Need the flexibility). these new products are set forth in detan reason for the current surplus of PBX sys­ at para. D179-239, Volume II, of the Staff's Develop low-cost capabilities to offer: Phase II Proposed Findings. They are a mat­ tems at Western was the rapidly increas­ All features as individual options to series ing rate of lost sales • • • purchase of 100. ter of record, and for that reason there is no need to go into such detail herein. foreign made PBXs. A report was presented All features optionally on "per station" to the Council on the results of a trip that basis. 377. The Trial Staff has devoted consider­ able attention to discussing the "market en­ various members of Bell had made to Japan. Modular growth. vironment" between 1972 and 1975 and a so­ The report made it clear to the PBX Coun­ Develop pricing options: cil that Bell could (Trial Staff Phase II Ex. Front end loading. called Small PBX Study, followed by detailed analysis under the heading "Development of 296C-19 p. 45): Lower rate after "X" years. ... expect continued and aggressive pres­ the New Product Line." Trial Staff Phase II Separate maintenance visit charges. Proposed Findings, Volume II, para. D240-263, sures from the Japanese manufacturing Introduce usage oriented service. companies. Japanese PBX equipment is · in inclusive. Again, it ls considered to be 374. The operating telephone companies redundant in the context of this Initial Deci­ general well built and economical. Few in­ were also involved in the probe of Bell prob­ novations are involved but the low cost and sion to reLterate such detail herein, all of lems in the PBX market. During the year which is evidently cited in support of the a.va.ila.bility will continue to plague us. 1970 a joint AT&T Bell Labs task force was 372. The PBX Council, which became the identical Trial Staff thesis regarding such organized to meet with opera.ting telephone matters as a. "serious gap" in Western's prod­ Customer Switching Committee (CSC), con­ companies on the subject of customer switch­ uct line, the competitive superiority of non­ tinued to investigate the PBX market. On ing systems. The task force report, entitled Bell products in the "under 100 PBX produot Octdber 28, 1970, the Committee met to Short Range Customer Switching Study Final line,'' and a blow-by-blow description of how review a presentation on PBXs they were to Report, refleoted the Bell opera.·ting com- Bell tried to meet ~he competition. The evl- September 10, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29807 dence in general does appear to support the thus far. I know there is little likeli­ The emphasis the Russians have pl,aced on following proposed summary of the Trial hood the matter will be decided by the this expansion is reflected in the estimate staff, however: 94th Congress, but I wish to call this by the director of the CIA that in 1975 the e. Summary. dollar costs of these Soviet programs were 378. A second action under Bell's new ap­ article to the attention of my colleagues seven times the U .S level. proach, as indicated above, was the develop­ and to insert it in the RECORD at this The surprising magnitude of these Soviet ment of a new produot line to be comprised point so that it will be available at such programs-which are expected to spawn yet of the 801A, 805A, 802A, and 770A PBXs. Bell time as the issue is actively consiqered. another generation of Russian ICBMs in did not seriously consider the standardiza­ Here then are the preliminary results 1978-79-has reinforced the U.S. concern tion and purchase of the lower cost inde­ of Mr. Walker's poll, and the opinion he with the future vulnera;bility of the 1,000 pendently manufactured PBXs. Instead, it solicited from an expert in the field of Minuteman ICBMs in the U.S. force structure. used the Bell products. already available on botany: By the end of the 1970s, the pessimistic esti­ the market as a price and service benchmark ROUNDABOUT mates, and by early to mid-1980s, by more for its new product line yet to be developed. optimistic estimates, the Soviets are ex­ Competition continued to impact the new (By Paul Walker) pected to ·be able to destroy a high percentage product line throughout its development and In our "postcard poll," ascertaining read­ of our Minuteman force, according to the introduction, causing Bell to: ers' choice for a national flower, the mari­ CBOstudy. Shorten development schedules. gold is leading._ The rose has quite a few Undertake cost reduction efforts. backers as does the daisy, field buttercup and The CBO summarized its report in this Incorporate additional features not previ- queen anne's lace. Phlox, which is our per­ way: ously considered. sonal choice because it blooms in red, white In the case of strategic offensive programs, Introduce new products. and blue, also has many supporters. the SALT objectives were not achieved by the Terminate the development of PBXs if they As the balloting continues, we called in 1972 agreements, in light of the continued could not meet the competition. an expert-Dr. Edgar T. Wherry, 91, of Phila­ momentum of Soviet programs with a de­ 379. With the expedited implementation of delphia, retired botany professor at the Uni­ stabilizing potential. its new approach to PBXs, Bell expected to versity of Pennsylvania, and well-known thwart the competitive inroads into its mar­ author. His book, "American Wildflowers" has The CBO report goes on to say that­ ket. The competition, however, was not in­ been through many printings and is stm a Since SALT I, the Soviets have concen­ clined to give up its newly won customers, steady seller. trated on an unprecedented moderniaztion of for it proceeded to develop new electronic Let's share Dr. Wherry's thoughts on the their ICBM force. This has ens-bled them to PBX offerings still lower in cost and with national flower: increase the very type of threat which had additional features and space savings. Thus, "First it must be native to the United been a principal concern of the United States the competition continued to erode the Bell States. This rules out marigold, daisy, dande­ in SALT I, and which it had hoped had been PBX market share by concentrating on the lion, queen anne's lace and field buttercup. slgnifioantly curbed by SALT I: the destabil­ under-100 line PBX market, which accounted "It should not be the national flower of izing capabi11ty of a force of large Soviet for over 80 % of all PBX users. Once again, any other country. 'l'his rules out the rose, ICBMs to destroy a high percentage of the Bell found its product line wanting in terms sponsored by ex-Sen. Margaret C. Smith, R­ U.S. ICBM force. Prior to and during SALT I, of price and features vis-a-vis competitive Maine. there was only one Soviet ICBM system, the equipment. "Phlox fits the above requirements. It has SS-9, which posed that destabilizing poten­ 380. As it had done in 1969, Bell in 1972 the advantage, too, of growing in all 48 con­ tial. Since SALT I, there are at least two, if gave consideration to purchasing the superior tiguous states and Alaska. Furthermore, it not three, such systems: the SS-18 follow-on independently manufactured equipment but comes in red, white and blue, so that flower to the SS-9; and the SS-17 and SS-19, the then proceeded to develop yet another new beds could be planted in our national flag follow-on replacements for the widely de­ product line in order, ostensibly, to leapfrog design. ployed SS-11. This continued Soviet momen­ the competition and thereby protect the Bell "Copies of the above qualifications should tum in such programs-the very type that market share. be sent to all senators and representatives." the United States had tried in 1969-72 to con­ 381. It is thus self-evident that the rate­ Thank you, Dr. Wherry, and we're about to vince the Soviets would be contrary to a sta­ payers have benefitted in the PBX market turn lobbyist for the phlox. Be sure your bility goal of SALT-raises troubling ques­ from competition that. made available lower opinion will be relayed to the senators via tions: Do the Soviets share the objective of cost equipment with new features that met Republican Sens. Hugh Scott and Richard S. stabiUty ·and believe an attempt to achieve customers' needs on a timely basis. Bell's re­ Schweiker and Reps. Herman T. Schneebeli, R-Williamsport, and William F. Goodling, R­ some form of major strategic advantage sponse to PBX competition also redounded would be futile? ultimately to the ratepa..yers' advantage. Bell Jacobus. purchased PBX equipment from general trade Phlox's name is variety: garden phlox, wild Mr. Speaker, Soviet actions clearly manufacturers, usually as an interim meas­ sweet william, 'mountain phlox, sword-leaf demonstrate that they do not share the ure, while it proceeded with the development phlox, wild blue phlox, crawling phlox and objective of stability and that they are of new products of its own. Bell did not moss pink. most determined to achieve military standardize on independently manufactured The rose, incidentally, is the national flower of Great ·Britain, Luxembourg, Iran superiority. As the CBO study points out: PBXs, even though many were more ad­ The very concepts of "stalbility" and vanced, apparently, than Bell equipment and and Honduras. No country has picked phlox, which is par "stable balance" are alien to Soviet ideology available at lower cost. Instead, Bell seems and their view of interstate relations. to have developed new products that some­ for the course, seeing as how phlox is 100 per times, at least, were similar to competitive cent American. Vote phlox! Soviet actions are definitely alien to designs in order to stem the erosion of its (Write c/o The Patriot, Box 2265, Harris­ burg, 17105; Ph. 737-0117) the very concepts of stability and stable PBX markets by the competition. balance, as their current deployment of their new mobile nuclear ballistic mis­ sile, the SS-X-20, indicates. On August 31, Dr. Ikle, the Director of our Arms NATIONAL FLOWER HAS SALT I THREATENED OUR NATIONAL SECURITY? Control and Disarmament Agency, de­ nounced this new Soviet missile deploy­ HON. HERMAN T. SCHNEEBELI ment as "a massive, unwarranted, and OF PENNSYLVANIA HON. JACK F. KEMP unexplained expansion." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF NEW YORK Mr. Lofton's article follows: KISSINGER'S STRANGE SALT INTERPRETATION Friday, September 10, 1976 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRES~NTATIVES (By John D. Lofton, Jr.) Friday, September 10, 1976 Mr. SCHNEEBELI. Mr. Speaker, re­ In a recent interview with reporter Theo cently there has been increased interest Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, in a recent Sommer from the West Germ8in newspaper in the idea of selecting a national flower syndicated column John Lofton, very Die Zelt, Secretary of State Henry Kissinger for the United States. ably summarized the Congressional expressed incredulity that anyone would A good friend of mine happens to be Budget Office's report on "SALT and the suggest that the 1972 Strategic Arms Limi­ a colorful newspaper columnist for the tation Talks (SALT) have not turned out to U.S. Strategic Forces Budget." Mr. be in the best interest of the United States. Harrisburg Patriot, and he has spurred Lofton writes : Rejecting the idea that detenrt;e has been interest in central Pennsylvania by con­ The CBO study states that within a year a. one-way street, or that the 1972 SALT-I ducting a post card poll of his readers. or so of the SALT I interim agreement, the agreement, which he negotiated, was to the Paul "Irish" Walker has provided me U.S. witnessed an "unprecedented modernim­ unilateral benefit of the Soviets, Dr. Kis­ with a copy of his September 7 "Round­ tion. program" of the Soviet ICBM force that singer declared: about" column reporting on his finding~ had "a surprised scope and potential threat." "I fail to see why an agreement that 29808 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 10, 1976 stopped ongoing Soviet programs but no share, the U.S. concern with strategic stabil­ Senator Humphrey and Senator Long in their United States programs, could be against the ity and see a mutual interest in parity or petition to the President for remedial action. interests of the United States." equality. But this hope has also been d'cl.Shed The world sugar economy has been under Well, now. The fia.ot is SALT-I did not by the Russians. intensive study and continuing analysis here stop the ongoing Soviet military buildup As the OBO study points out: "The very since the demise of the "Sugar Act", under and, since this ls so widely known, it is concepts of 'stability' and 'stable balance' the authority of which South Texas Enter­ puzzling why Dr. Kissinger would say some­ are alien to Soviet ideology and their view of prise was in good fa.1th developed and initi­ thing that is so blatantly untrue. interstat\' relations. Their commentary on ated. The developments of recent months a.re The principal objectives of SALT-I, signed strategic arms limitation seems driven by indeed causes for industry alarm. in Moscow on May 26, 1972, were to enhance their genera.I concept of 'the correlation of The sugar policy study, development by the long-term staibillty .and constrain the forces,' which is the world balance of mili­ the President's Council on International Eco­ costs of the U.8.-Soviet strategic arms com­ tary, economic, political, social and ideologi­ nomic Policy, is characterized by his inter­ petition. As Ambassador Gerard Smith, chief cal forces. This correlation is believed by pretations and errors in judgment, many of U.S. SALT :Iiegotlia.tor, stated at the time: them to be inexorably shlftin.g over the long which were readily apparent by the time of its "What we are trying to do is to set up a term in favor of the USSR vis-a-vis the release in March 1976. The predicted inaccu­ useful device t'hat will hold the situation United States." racies of the administration are further dem­ while we negotiate, hopefu1ly, a matching Hem-y Kissinger isn't the only person per­ onstrated in L. William Seidman's reply of treaty.... I think that the measures that petuating the myth that SALT-I was a good July 7 to Sena.tor Long's letter of June 17. we h!a.ve succeeded in spelling out in this deal for the United States. Jimmy Carter has The President's so-called "free open trade" interim agreement with the Russians will also hailed this sell-out to the Soviets as policy is not compatible with global econom­ do just that. There will be a commitment "a good agreement,'' one that "limited atomic ics as related to sugar trade; in all other on their part not to build any more of these wea.pons in a practical way." countries, the sugar economy is subject to ICBMs that have concerned us over the Thus, it comes as no surprise that Dr. government regulation. In view of this policy, years." Kissinger is privately telling friends he could we are deeply concerned in regards to U.S. But the Soviets ha.ve shown no such con­ live with President Carter's foreign policy. participation in any "new international sugar straint whatsoever. A new study released by The question is: Can the American people? agreement"; the nullification of headnote 2· the nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office provisions of the trade schedule would leave (CBO), titled "SALT and the U.S. Strategic the domestic industry entirely to the mercy Forces Budget," concludes: of foreign interests. "Since SALT-I, the Soviets have concen­ SUGAR PRICES Executive action to provide interim relief trated on an unprecedented modernizaition and subsequent congressional inactment of of their ICBM force. This has enabled them equitable laws is imperative to the survival to increase the very type of threat which HON. E de Ia GARZA of the domestic industry. had been a principal concern of the U.S. in OF TEXAS Prayerfully we look forward to Angela's full SALT-I and which it had been hoped had recovery and return to youthful vigor and been significantly curbed by SALT-I: the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES activity. destaibll1zing oap81bil1ty of a force of l·arge Friday, September 10, 1976 Sincerely, Soviet ICBMs to destroy a high percentage ART W. BECKWITH, of the U.S. ICBM force. Mr. DE LA GARZA. Mr. Speaker, the President. "Prior to and during SALT-I, there was continuance of rapidly declining sugar only one Soviet system, the SS-9, which prices will put this Nation at the mercy posed that destab111zing potential. Since of foreign suppliers-repeating in the SALT-I, there are at least two, if not three, kitchen what is happening on the high­ UNITED STATES SUPPORT FOR AF­ such systems: the SS-18 follow-on to the SS-9; and SS-17 and SS-19, the follow-on ways where we are now at the mercy RICAN TERRORISTS AND THE replacements for the widely deployed SS-11. of foreign cartels. PATRICE LUMUMBA COALITION "This continued Soviet momentum in Avenues are being explored to stop this such programs-the very type that the decline. There have been appeals made United States had tried in 1969-72 to con­ to the President to remove the estab­ HON. LARRY McDONALD vince the Soviets would be contrary to the lished foreign import sugar quota of 7 OF GEORGIA stab111ty goal of SALT-raises troubling million tons. My colleague BOB BERG­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES questions: Do the Soviets share the objec­ LAND, has introduced the Sugar Sup­ Friday, Sept~mber 10, 1976 tive of stability and believe an attempt to ply Assurance Act of 1976 to establish achieve some form of major strategic advan­ Mr. McDONALD of Georgia. Mr. tage would be futile?" a base domestic price at which raw sugar The CBO study states that within a year may be imported into the United States. Speaker, the Communists have long sup­ or so of the SALT-I interim agreement, the I wholeheartedly support these efforts. ported terrorism-violent attacks on a United States witnessed an "unprecedented In my district a sugar mill was es­ noncombatant segment of the commu­ modernization program" of the Soviet ICBM tablished a few years ago ' to make us nity for the purpose of intimidation to force that had "a surprising scope and po­ more independent of foreign suppliers. achieve a political or military objective-­ tential threat." Mr. Speaker, I want to bring directly as a useful revolutionary tactic. Support The emphasis the Russians have placed for terrorism has now become fashion­ on this e~ansion is reflected in the esti­ to the attention of this House what mate by the director of the CIA that in 1975 officials of this new mill, ·Rio Grande able-or at least expedient--in other the dollar costs of these Soviet programs Valley Sugar Growers, Inc. of Santa circles. were seven times the U.S. level. Rosa, Tex., have said to me in a tele­ Yesterday the Fund for New Priorities The "surprising magnitude" of these So­ gram I received today recommending in America and the Women's Division of viet programs--which are expected to spawn Executive action and congressional en­ the United Methodist Church sponsored yet another generation of Russian ICBMs actment so that a flne domestic indus­ a congressional conference on Southern in 1978-79-has reinforced the U.S. concern Africa in the Russell Senate Office Build­ with the future V'Ulnerab111ty of the 1,000 try will not be foresaken. I bring it to Minutemen ICBMs in the U.S. force struc­ your attention rather than to say some­ ing. The invited panel of speakers par­ ture. By the end of the 1970s, by pessimistic where down the road "I told you so." ticipating included representatives of estimates, and by early to mid-1980s, by The telegram is as follows: the Soviet and Communist Chinese­ more optimistic estimates, the Soviets are MAILGRAM backed terrorist groups in Southern Af­ expected to be able to destroy a. high per­ . rica who style themselves "national lib­ centage of our Minuteman force, according RIO GRANDE VALLEY SUGAR GROWERS, INC., eration movements." to the CBO study. Apparently in a bid to steal a march Incidentally, this astounding Soviet build­ Santa Rosa, Tex., September 9, 1976. Hon. KIKA DE LA GARZA, . up, ostensibly to be restrained by SALT-I, over the Soviets and their Cuban mer­ has occurred at a time when the U.S. stra­ House of Representatives, cenary storm troopers by preempting tegic forces budget has declined significantly Washington, D.C. their objectives, Secretary of State Kis­ DEAR CONGRESSMAN: The letter of August singer at Lusaka declared American sup­ in real terms. In constant fiscal year 1977 31, 1976 from your office ls indeed appreci­ dollars, our direct budget costs for strategic ated. port for a program which will replace forces has declined from $10.3 billion in fis­ Global conditions which portend the de­ white, Westem-alined influences with cal year • • • struction of the domestic sugar industry have black Marxist totalitarian regimes. The Anoth~ expectation expressed. by U.S. been matters of critical concern to manage­ Ambassador to the United Nations has participants in the SALT-I negotiations was ment of this office for several weeks, certainly, stated that the United States is ready to that the Soviets shared, or would come to I concur in the concepts presented both by provide medical and other aid to the ter- September 10, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29809 rorists in Rhodesia whose victims have The PLC claims chapters in New York; backed Nkomo faction which is now be­ overwhelmingly been black Rhodesian Washington, D.C.; Philadelphia; New ing proffered to the U.S. public as the civilians. · Orleam;; Baltimore; Indianapolis; San "moderate" terrorist guerrilla organiza­ The terrorist conference participants Francisco; Memphis and Oxford, Miss. tion. Specifically Mawere was highly clearly could not have been in this coun­ The PLC was formed some 9 months ago, critical of the Institute for Policy Studies try without State Department waivers. according to PLC chairman Irving Davis, and its trustee, National LawYers Guild The rhetoric at the meeting was shock­ who is also organizer of the PASP, by Attorney Robert L. Borosage, director of ingly vindictive, racist, and extreme. The "leaders of the black consciousness the Center for National Security Studies, Rhodesian terrorists were united in their movement of the 1960's, the principal for leading support for the Nkoma/So- · opposition to Western nations subsidiz­ agitators for black power." viet faction which is also the apparent ing evacuation of Rhodesian whites and These organizations include the Re­ choice of the U.S. ~tate Department as called for a "quick kill" policy. public of New Africa-RNA-a violence­ the future rulers of Rhodesia Among the scheduled participants prone separatist group which hopes to The lives of the black and the white were: carve an all-black nation out of several citizens of Rhodesia are being given into O. T. Emvula, South West African Peoples Southern States; the Black Liberation the hands of Communist totalitarians. Organization (pro-Soviet). Army-ELA-operating through its The control of the Rhodesian chrome de­ Thami Mhlambiso, African National Con­ above-ground support group, the Na­ posits is being turned over to enemies of gress (ANC) of South Africa, the New York tional Committee for the Defense of Po­ America who will make the U.S.S.R. and U.N. representative of ANC, controlled litical Prisoners-NCDPP; the Pan­ the sole world supplier of that vital and by the pro-Soviet South African Communist Party. African Congress; and the Organization strategic metal. Congress and responsi­ Oliver Tambo, president of the African Na­ of African Unity-OAU-from its United ble Americans must immediately move tional Congress of South Africa. Nations offices. to end this disastrous policy and to con­ David Sibeko, representing the Red Chi­ On August 25, 1976, the PLC and the trol the activities of terrorist agents in nese supported Pan Africanist Congress Washington, D.C., based June 16 Coali­ this country. (PAC) of Azania (South Africa). tion-J16C-cosponsored an educational Eddison ZvobgQ, member of the central forum in Washington, D.C., at which the committee 'of the Red Chinese supported main speakers were Rev. Muhammad Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) PLOWING UP FARM FACTS and its faction of the African National Kenyatta of Philadelphia and Repre­ Council of Rhodesia controlled by Abel Mu­ sentative JOHN CONYERS, Democrat of zorewa, resident in the U.S. as an instruc­ Michigan. At this meeting the PLC tor in law at Lewis College. stated: HON. PAUL FINDLEY Elton Razemba, also representing ZANU/ Our strategic importance to the African OF ILLINOIS ANO of Rhodesia, in New York. revolution results from two factors. The first IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Tapson Mawere, also· representing ZANU/ is that we are the largest visible aggregation ANO of Rhodesia, in New York. of Black people outside of the African con­ Friday, "September 10, 1976 Calllstus Ndlovu, representing the Zimba­ tinent. The second is that we are a potential Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, let the bwe African People's Union (ZAPU), Soviet Achilles heel or Trojan horse that will either record speak for itself. Under the past backed and supported, and ZAPU's faction cripple the USA efforts to subvert •African of the African National Council of Rhl>desia liberation or provide a political cover for 3 years of Republican farm policy ad­ led by Joshua Nkomo. that subversion. ministration, per capita farm income has Basker Vashee, identified as an economist averaged 98 percent of nonfarm in­ from the Transnational Institute (TNI), the On 8eptember 2, 1976, the Patrice come-the best in history. This contrasts Netherlands branch of the Institute for Lumumba Coalition held a press con­ with 65 percent under the Kennedy­ Policy Studies (IPS), Washington's leftist ference at the Interchurch Center, 475 Johnson years. Total farm income is think-tank which consistently takes a pro­ Riverside Drive, New York City, at which more than twice as high as it was under Soviet and pro-Cuban line. Vashee was also Irving Davis was joined by Elombe introduced as a member of the national ex­ the previous Democratic administration. ecutive of Nkomo's pro-Soviet ZAPU. Brath, also of the PLC, and Tapson A. In 1969, the U.S. taxpayer was providing Mawere, chief representative of ZANU 27 percent of the farmers' income in the While the Fund for New Priorities in North America, to denounce the up­ form of Federal payments. Last year in America targeted congressional per­ coming meeting between Secretary of that was down t.o 2 percent-and a good sonalities and staff, another organization State Kissinger and South African Prime portion of the 2 percent was spent on the is working to develop direct private as­ Minister Vorster. peanut subsidy program. sistance to the ter-rorist forces in Rho­ During the press conference, Davis The farmer is no longer on the Federal desia. made repeated calls for the raising of payroll, waiting for handouts, getting The Patrice Lumumba Coalition­ money "by any means necessary" for the Government checks for not producing. PLC--0perating from Post Office Box "support of armed struggle" and for "de­ He is working to harvest fence-row t.o 1651, New York, N.Y. 10017 (212-662- stroying black support for South Africa fence-row so that others at home and 1235) and from the offices of the Pan in the United States." In particular, abroad may eat. The farmer is not African Skills Project-PASP, Room 826, PLC rhetoric was directed against Ver­ havesting Federal dollars, he is reaping National Council of Churches-NCC, 475 non Jordan of the Urban League; Rev. the benefits of a free competitive market. Riverside Drive, New York, N.Y. 10027 Leon Sullivan of the Opportunities In­ He alone makes the farm management (same phone number as PLC), has dustrialization Center; Roy Wilkins; decisions; they are not made in Wash­ stepped forward in recent months as a Jesse Jackson; Bishop H. H. Brookins; ington. highly vocal support group for Marxist­ and Manhattan Borough President Percy Although some aspirants for public Leninist African terrorists-the Zim­ Sutton. offi.ce decry the present farm administra­ babwe African National Union-ZANU, The Patrice Lumumba Coalition is­ tion, look at the record. Agriculture and the South West African People's sued an attack which read: Secretary Earl Butz has done a monu­ Union-SWAPO. Help us expose the subtle treachery under­ mental job for all citizens, helping to In addition to supporting the ZANU foot by certain Negro Judases• • • We need put the farmer off Federal tax dollars and SWAPO terrorists, the Patrice Lu­ your support and that of all friends of Afri­ and back into the business of producing mumba Coalition is also promoting revo­ can liberation to counteract this treachery food. lutionary violence in South Africa, stat­ and to make a positive contribution to Afri­ I ·would like to share the timely article ing in an August 23, 1976, mailgram: can freedom. by Mr. Patrick Buchanan which was Since armed struggle ls the only solution to The PLC position on Rhodesia was published in the Chicago Tribune Sep­ injustices in Southern Africa, the U.S. gov­ stated: tember 2, 1976. In it he plows straight, ernment should give massive mil1tary aid to This is the time for armed struggle to be clear furrows through the farm facts. the liberation movements, Le., ZILA [Zim­ escalated-it is no time for political discus­ The article follows: babwe African Liberation Army of ZANU] sion. PLOWING THROUGH FARM FACTS in Zimbabwe, SWAPO in Namibia . [South West Africa); PAC (Pan-Africanist Congress Tapson Mawere, speaking for the Red (By Patrick Buchanan) of Azania and ANO [African National Con­ Chinese-oriented ZANU, launched an at­ WASHINGTON.-"What America needs is a gress] in South Africa. tack on U.S. supporters of the Soviet- secretary of agriculture who speaks to the 29810 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 10, 1976 President and for the farmer-not the other the market has not been allowed its play clear war would be over in a few days. and way around." That commodity is peanuts. that there could be no winner. The Soviet That cheer line, written by this author, concept is based on a first strike to blunt was a pledge made by Richard Nixon to rural the US retaliatory capab111ty and decimate America in the campaign of 1968. It was a our control and industrial structure, an ex­ promise kept-with the naming of Earl L. tensive air defense system, and comprehen­ Butz as secretary of agriculture. THE BALANCE(S) OF POWER: IV sive civil qefense measures that would en­ Jimmy Carter sharply disagrees. To hear (VD-STRATEGIC DEFENSIVE BAL­ able them to fight on to victory. Civil de­ him out in Iowa last week, one would think ANCE fense, in their view, is a "decisive strategic the Republican administration's treatment factor"; victory depends on "survival prep­ of American farmers has been roughly com­ arations." parable to Stalin's handling of the Ukrainian Guided by this strategy, the USSR began kulaks in the '30s. HON. JOHN BRECKINRIDGE in the mid-1950s to invest an estimated $1 "Rural families are just looking for an OF KENTUCKY billion a year in civil defense. Since the SALT even break," he shouted. "That's not too IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES agreements of 1972, they have stepped up much to ask, but it's a. lot more than we've their civil defense expenditures. (The US De• been getting the last eight years." Friday, September 10, 1976 fense budget for FY '77 includes $71 million That so, Mr. Jimmy! Well, let's look a.t the Mr. BRECKINRIDGE. Mr. Speaker, for civil defense.) record. the foundation of the U.S. deterrence The scope of Soviet war survival prepara­ From 1960-69, the years of Kennedy, John­ policy, that of assured destruction, has tions is difficult to grasp. The entire program son, and Orville Freeman at Agriculture, per is headed by a Deputy Ministe·r of Defense, capita income averaged 65 per cent of non­ been undermined by a significant, though General Colonel A. T. Altunin. Enough hard­ fa.rm income. From 1973 through 1975, it undramatic, element of the U.S.S.R.'s ened shelters have been built already to ac­ averaged 98 per cent of nonfarm income, and military posture-the Soviet Union's commodate a large pa.rt of the administra­ in 1973 it was almost 107 per cent. During massive strategic civil defense program. tive and industrial work force. Elaborate those eight Democratic yea.rs, total net fa.rm The extent and implications of Soviet plans have been made and rehearsed for income averaged $12 billion a year. From war-survival preparations have too long evacuating other urban residents to safe 1973 through 1975, it averaged almost $27 remained in the shadows of detente and areas. All citizens are required to take courses billion. of the frantic search for "mutual limita­ in civil defense, and several million people, Farm exports have risen from $6.7 billion including 40,000 regular Civil Defense Troops, in 1970 to an estimated $22 billion this year. tion" of strategic arms. Civil defense as are involved in administering the program. The total acreage for major crops has risen employed by the Communists is as much Essential industry has been dispersed to non­ from 291 million acres in 1969 to 355 million a part of the strategic balance as are urban areas, hardened against nuclear at­ planned for 1976. missiles, bombers, and submarines. That tack, and spare parts cached in secure During the '70s, the decades-long exodus crucial fact can no longer be ignored. storSJJe. of 30 million Americans from the farms To continue my discussion of the How has all this affected the US Assured trickled off. Between 1970 and 1974, the Strategic Defense Balance in my series Destruction capability. generally defined a.s average annual decline in farm population the ability to respond to a Soviet first strike was down to 1.2 percent. Enrollment in agri­ on the "Balance(s) of Power," I wish by destroying half of their industry and kill­ cultural schools is rising. to conclude the section dealing with the ing forty percent of the population? The So­ In short, the '70s, the years when Butz debate on civil defense by inserting an viets claim, and US defense experts believe, was deciding government policy for Ameri­ article, written by John L. Frisbee, execu­ that Soviet preparations would reduce their can agriculture, have produced the greatest tive editor of Air Force Magazine, that casualties to about seven percent of the en­ farm boom in United States history. And highlights aspects of the Soviet war­ tire population and five percent of workers consumers and taxpayers have fared as well. survival strategy * while opening a crack in essential industry. The US, with virtual­ Today, Americans spend only 17 percent of on a scene that has chilling implications ly no civil defense program, would lose half disposable income for food, the lowest per­ its population or more, depending on the for U.S. deterrence as expressed in an nature of the Soviet first strike. centage in the world. article, "Soviet Civil Defense-Upsetting In 1969, the U.S. taxpayer was providing 27 Now an even more ominous development the Strategic Balance," that appeared in has emerged. The Soviets are increasing their percent of the farmers' income in govern­ the August 1976, issue of Air Force emphasis on shelters (to which people could ment payment. La.st year that was down to repair in minutes) and reducing reliance on 2 percent. Magazine. The article follows: evacuation, which would take about seventy­ Federal payments to farmers have fallen two hours, could not be concealed, and hence from an average of $3.4 billion in the calen­ STRATEGIC DEFENSIVE BALANCE would give us strategic warning. This move, dar years 1966-1969 to only $768 million in Assured Destruction, the foundation of coupled with the enormous build-up of So­ calendar year 1975. Of that $768 million, no US deterrence on which our survival as an viet offensive forces, has the earmarks of a less than $490 million was for farmers' losses independent and influential world power drive for a credible first-strike posture and sustained in natural disasters. ultimately rests, has been undermined by a a world in which there would be only one This is hardly a record to justify Carter's significant, though undramatic, element of superpower. rhetoric of rebellion out in Des Moines. In­ the USSR's military posture. That element­ What can the US do about it? For eco­ deed, the last "agrarian populist" we let run Russia's massive civil defense program-has nomic, social, and political reasons, we may American agriculture, Henry A. Wallace, been known to, but ignored by the US SALT as well forget about duplicating the Soviet FDR's Cabinet secretary, went down in histo­ negotiators. Consequently, you will find scant civil defense system or persuading them to • ry as the man who murdered 6 million baby evidence of concern in the annual defense scrap theirs. But former US Amba.S!3a.dor to pig~. reports of the Secretary of Defense and the the USSR Foy Kohler offers some alternatives Butz prefers the free market approach. Chairman of the JCS. Nevertheless, concern in his foreword to Dr. Goure's book. The pur­ That approach has done more than take the is real, and it is justified. In recent weeks, the pose of the SALT talks supposedly is to American farmer through the best years in door has been opened a era.ck on a scene that achieve equal security for both sides. We, our agricultural his\ory. . has chilling implications for the US deter­ therefore, should dema.nd a. higher ceiling on It has created a new respect for the Ameri­ rent. US offensive weapons to offset the .imbalance can farmer. No longer is he the butt of jokes While these implications a.re being studied in civil defense. He also suggests that we for living off congressional welfare or plough­ in the Pentagon (and one hopes in the State could threaten to pull out of the ABM Treaty ing federal programs. Today, the U.S. farmer Department, too) and discovered on Capitol of 1972 and build a comprehensive ABM sys­ is recognized as the most efficient of Ameri­ Hill, an important book has come off the tem, relying on our technology to outdistance can workers. The American farm community press: War Survival in Soviet Strategy, by the Soviets. There are other, perhaps more is credited with saving this country, through Leon Goure, Director of Soviet Studies at the effective measures, such as accelerating de­ production and exports, from a. monstrous University of Miami's Center for Advanced velopment of MX and improving missile ac­ trade deficit and a balance of payments International Studies. Here are a few high­ curacy; and still others that could be taken crisis-after OPEC quintupled the price of lights that emerge from ithe book and from concurrently, including withholding techni­ imported oil. other sources: cal and economic a.id to the Soviets. The Soviets have never accepted Assured The extent and implications of Soviet war True, the embargo on U.S. grain sales was Destruction as an operational strategy. They a. mistake. And there remains one redoubt survival preparations have too long remained of rural reaction Butz has been unable to do not share the Western notion that a nu- in the shadows of detente and of the frantic conquer. That is the farm commodity, search for "mutual limitation" of strategic which a tiny monopoly still dominates, where *See Part IV (i), July 28, 1976, p. E4157 arms. Civil defense is as much a part of the subsidies and allotments remain, where CONGRESSIONAL RECORD; Part IV (ii) August 5, strategic balance a.s are missiles and bombers. competition is ferociously restricted, where 1976, p. 26066 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. That crucial fact must no longer be ignored.