Global Indonesia In the nineteenth century, colonial rule brought the modern world closer to the Indonesian peoples, introducing mechanized transport, all- weather roads, postal and telegraph communications, and steamship networks that linked Indonesia’s islands to each other, to Europe and the Middle East. This book looks at Indone- sia’s global importance, and traces the entwining of its peoples and economies with the wider world. The book discusses how products unique to Indonesia first slipped into regional trade networks and exposed scattered communities to the dynamic influ- ence of far- off civilizations. It focuses on economic and cultural changes that resulted in the emergence of political units organized as oligarchies or monar- chies, and goes on to look in detail at Indonesia’s relationship with Holland’s East Indies. The book analyses the attempts by politicians to negotiate ways of being modern but uniquely Indonesian, and considers the oscillations in Indonesia between movements for theocracy and democracy. It is a useful contribution for students and scholars of World History and Southeast Asian Studies. Jean Gelman Taylor teaches Indonesian and Southeast Asia History, Islamic Civilisation and Historiography at the University of New South Wales, Aus- tralia. Her research interests include the social history of colonialism and Indo- nesia in the modern world. Routledge contemporary Southeast Asia series 1 Land Tenure, Conservation and 8 Revolution, Reform and Development in Southeast Asia Regionalism in Southeast Asia Peter Eaton Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam Ronald Bruce St John 2 The Politics of Indonesia– Malaysia Relations 9 The Politics of Tyranny in One kin, two nations Singapore and Burma Joseph Chinyong Liow Aristotle and the rhetoric of benevolent despotism 3 Governance and Civil Society in Stephen McCarthy Myanmar Education, health and environment Helen James 10 Ageing in Singapore Service needs and the state 4 Regionalism in Post- Suharto Peggy Teo, Kalyani Mehta, Indonesia Leng Leng Thang and Edited by Maribeth Erb, Angelique Chan Priyambudi Sulistiyanto and Carole Faucher 11 Security and Sustainable Development in Myanmar 5 Living with Transition in Laos Helen James Market integration in Southeast Asia Jonathan Rigg 12 Expressions of Cambodia The politics of tradition, identity 6 Christianity, Islam and and change Nationalism in Indonesia Edited by Charles E. Farhadian Leakthina Chau- Pech Ollier and Tim Winter 7 Violent Conflicts in Indonesia Analysis, representation, 13 Financial Fragility and resolution Instability in Indonesia Edited by Charles A. Coppel Yasuyuki Matsumoto 14 The Revival of Tradition in 23 Rebellion and Reform in Indonesian Politics Indonesia The deployment of adat from Jakarta’s security and autonomy colonialism to indigenism polices in Aceh Edited by Jamie S. Davidson and Michelle Ann Miller David Henley 24 Hadrami Arabs in Present- day 15 Communal Violence and Indonesia Democratization in Indonesia An Indonesia- oriented group with Small town wars an Arab signature Gerry van Klinken Frode F. Jacobsen 16 Singapore in the Global System 25 Vietnam’s Political Process Relationship, structure and change How education shapes political Peter Preston decision making Casey Lucius 17 Chinese Big Business in Indonesia 26 Muslims in Singapore The state of the capital Piety, politics and policies Christian Chua Kamaludeen Mohamed Nasir, Alexius A. Pereira and 18 Ethno- religious Violence in Bryan S. Turner Indonesia From soil to God 27 Timor Leste Chris Wilson Politics, history and culture Andrea Katalin Molnar 19 Ethnic Politics in Burma States of conflict 28 Gender and Transitional Justice Ashley South The women of East Timor Susan Harris Rimmer 20 Democratization in Post- Suharto Indonesia 29 Environmental Cooperation in Edited by Marco Bünte and Southeast Asia Andreas Ufen ASEAN’s regime for trans- boundary haze pollution 21 Party Politics and Paruedee Nguitragool Democratization in Indonesia Golkar in the post-Suharto era 30 The Theatre and the State in Dirk Tomsa Singapore Terence Chong 22 Community, Environment and Local Governance in Indonesia 31 Ending Forced Labour in Locating the Commonwealth Myanmar Edited by Carol Warren and Engaging a pariah regime John F. McCarthy Richard Horsey 32 Security, Development and 40 Corruption and Law in Nation- Building in Timor- Leste Indonesia A cross- sectoral assessment The unravelling of Indonesia’s Edited by Vandra Harris and anti- corruption framework through Andrew Goldsmith law and legal process Simon Butt 33 The Politics of Religion in Indonesia 41 Men and Masculinities in Syncretism, orthodoxy, and Southeast Asia religious contention in Java and Edited by Michele Ford and Bali Lenore Lyons Edited by Michel Picard and Remy Madinier 42 Justice and Governance in East Timor 34 Singapore’s Ageing Population Indigenous approaches and the Managing healthcare and “New Subsistence State” end- of-life decisions Rod Nixon Edited by Wing-Cheong Chan 43 Population Policy and 35 Changing Marriage Patterns in Reproduction in Singapore Southeast Asia Making future citizens Economic and socio-cultural Shirley Hsiao- Li Sun dimensions Edited by Gavin W. Jones, 44 Labour Migration and Human Terence H. Hull and Trafficking Maznah Mohamad Critical perspectives from Southeast Asia 36 The Political Resurgence of the Michele Ford, Lenore Lyons and Military in Southeast Asia Willem van Schendel Conflict and leadership Edited by Marcus Mietzner 45 Singapore Malays Being ethnic minority and Muslim 37 Neoliberal Morality in in a global city-state Singapore Hussin Mutalib How family policies make state and society 46 Political Change and Youyenn Teo Territoriality in Indonesia Provincial proliferation 38 Local Politics in Indonesia Ehito Kimura Pathways to power Nankyung Choi 47 Southeast Asia and the Cold War Edited by Albert Lau 39 Separatist Conflict in Indonesia The long- distance politics of the 48 Legal Pluralism in Indonesia Acehnese diaspora Bridging the unbridgeable Antje Missbach Ratno Lukito 49 Building a People-Oriented 54 The Technological State in Security Community the Indonesia ASEAN way The co- constitution of high Alan Collins technology and authoritarian politics 50 Parties and Parliaments in Sulfikar Amir Southeast Asia Non- partisan chambers in 55 Party Politics in Southeast Asia Indonesia, the Philippines and Clientelism and electoral Thailand competition in Indonesia, Thailand Roland Rich and the Philippines Edited by Dirk Tomsa and 51 Social Activism in Southeast Andreas Ufen Asia Edited by Michele Ford 56 Culture, Religion and Conflict in Muslim Southeast Asia 52 Chinese Indonesians Reassessed Negotiating tense pluralisms History, religion and belonging Edited by Joseph Camilleri and Edited by Siew-Min Sai and Sven Schottmann Chang- Yau Hoon 57 Global Indonesia 53 Journalism and Conflict in Jean Gelman Taylor Indonesia From reporting violence to 58 Cambodia and the Politics of promoting peace Aesthetics Steve Sharp Alvin Cheng-Hin Lim Global Indonesia Jean Gelman Taylor First published 2013 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2013 Jean Gelman Taylor The right of Jean Gelman Taylor to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by her in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Taylor, Jean Gelman, 1944– Global Indonesia / Jean Gelman Taylor. p. cm. – (Routledge contemporary Southeast Asia series ; 57) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Indonesia–History. 2. Globalization–Indonesia–History. 3. Indonesia–Commerce–History. I. Title. II. Series: Routledge contemporary Southeast Asia series ; 57. DS634.T38 2012 303.48'2598–dc23 2012025418 ISBN: 978-0-415-95306-1 (hbk) ISBN: 978-0-415-95307-8 (pbk) ISBN: 978-0-203-07980-5 (ebk) Typeset in Times New Roman by Wearset Ltd, Boldon, Tyne and Wear For Jamie Mackie In grateful and affectionate memory Contents List of illustrations xii Map of Indonesia xiii 1 Introduction: globalization and Indonesia 1 2 Early encounters: archaic globalization 14 3 The global corporation comes to Indonesia: the VOC 34 4 Colonialism: agent of modern globalization 60 5 Colonial regimes: creators of the modern Indonesian 90 6 Coming of age: post-colonial globalization 124 7 Competing globalizations 151 8 Conclusion: oscillations 180 Glossary 195 Notes 196 Bibliography 208 Index 219 Illustrations Map 1 Provinces of Indonesia xiii Figures 1.1 Indonesia on the world map 6 2.1 Shadow puppets of Java 28 3.1 Banten Market, 1596 41 4.1 Village bank, 1920 85 5.1 Islamic Union Conference, 1921 107 6.1 National Election Poster, 1956 130 7.1a–c Amrozi, Imam Samudra and Mukhlas 160 8.1a–c First Lady, Ani Yudhoyono 192 Map 1 Indonesia