sign in sign up
<<
Home , Ardeae, Camel (color), Colpocephalum, Dendrortyx, Horned guan, Mallophaga

FROM OF NORTH AMERICA

BY RICHARD 0. MALCOMSON

IXTY years have elapsed since a list of Mallophaga with their hosts was S made (Kellogg, 1899. Smithsonian Institution Bull. X11:39-100). Dur- ing this time many new have been described and new genera have been erected. The purpose of this paper is to stimulate interest among biologists, includ- ing the banders, to study the parasites of birds. Almost all birds have para- sites, and the bander has a good opportunity to take these without killing the birds, as was done in the past. I would suggest that the bander obtain official sanction (on his banding permit) to carry on this work. He can take these parasites by a very simple delousing process as follows: Procure an insecticidal powder, pyrethrum for example, a few sheets of white paper and a paper carton. After the bird has been banded, thoroughly dust some of the powder through the , but be careful not to get any powder into the eyes of the birds. Now place the bird on a sheet of white paper and invert the paper carton over it. Allow the bird to flutter around in this enclosure for about five minutes. In the meantime the parasites will have crawled to the tips of the feathers and dropped to the paper. Some of the lice will show movement, but all can be picked up by a small camel hair brush and transferred to a piece of medicinal cotton. If the bander is not interested in collecting and identifying these parasites for himself, he may record on a slip of paper, the name of the bird, date, place taken and his name as collector. The piece of cotton containing label and specimens may be dropped into an envelope and mailed to some mallophagolo- gist. The cotton method is the most convenient way to send specimens by mail. On the other hand, if the bander is interested in collecting and identifying his own material, he should put the specimens taken from each bird into separate small vials containing 70 per cent alcohol, to preserve them for some future time. A small slip of paper containing the collectors’ name, name of the bird, date and place taken should be inserted in the vial. Labels printed with soft lead pencil will be legible indefinitely in 70 per cent alcohol. To identify the material collected requires a definite process of mounting on microscope slides. Good results may be obtained by the following method: 1. Transfer contents of each vial to a vial of 20 per cent potassium hydroxide for a period of 24 to 48 hours, depending upon the degree of scleritization of the lice. 2. Wash in distilled water 30 minutes. 3. Dehydrate with 35 per cent alcohol for 10 minutes. 4. Place in 50 per cent alcohol for 10 minutes. 5. Place in 70 per cent alcohol for 10 minutes.

182 Richard 0. MALLOPHAGA OF N.A. BIRDS Malcomson 183

6. Place in 85 per cent alcohol plus 15 per cent benzol for 10 minutes. 7. Place in 95 per cent alcohol plus 50 per cent benzol for 10 minutes. 8. Place in absolute alcohol plus 75 per cent benzol for 10 minutes. 9. Place in 100 per cent benzol for 5 minutes. 10. Mount in euparal or a medium with benzol base. 11. Mount in center of slide and cover with 18 mm. round cover slip. There are more than 2600 recorded species of living Mallophaga, and this paper lists 800 of these species and about 500 species of birds from which they are recorded. I have not recorded any subspecies of Mallophaga. This list of about 800 species probably represents about one fourth of the species yet to be described. In this paper the birds are listed phylogenetically. Under each bird is listed the scientific names of the Mallophaga known to infest it, as described in the literature of Systematic Entomology. I have followed very closely the classifi- cation of Hopkins and Clay in, “A Check List of the Genera and Species of Mallophaga” (1952. British Museum, London).

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I appreciate the helpful suggestions and the exchange of literature from G. H. E. Hop kins and Theresa Clay of the British Museum. My thanks are also extended to Dr. Lowell Taylor, of the Dow Chemical Company Research Library, Midland, Michigan, for cour- tesies extended in this work. To my wife Sibyl I am indebted for successfully encour- aging me to complete this work.

HOST LIST WITH PARASITES

Great , Tinamus major Austrokelloggia boucardi Kelloggia brevipes Discocorpus furculw Heptapsogaster minutus Heptapsogaster boucardi H. parvulus H. modestae Megaginus quadrithorax H. tuxtlae laticephalus Megapeostus multiplex Ornicolax alienus Pectenosoma boucardi 0. mexicanus Pseudolipeurus similis 0. robustus Rhopaloceras heterogenitalis Pseudolipeurus tinami Strongylocotes boucardi Pterocotes aberrans Rufescent Tinamou, Crypturellus cinnamo- Rhopaloceras simplex meus Strongylocotes pellucidifrons Heptapsogaster acutiventris Little Tinamou, Crypturellus soui Heterogoniodes araeceps Heptapsogaster costaricensis Megapeostus secundus H. tapicollae Pectenosoma cinnamomea Megaginus laticlypeus Strongylocotes fimbriatus Pectenosoma meserythra S. interruptus Physconella kelloggi Bonapartes’ Tinamou, Nothocercus bona- Rhopaloceras rudimentarius partei Slaty-breasted Tinamou, Crypturellus bou- Nothocotus distinctus cardi N. parvithorax June 1960 THE WILSON BULLETIN Vol. 72, No. 2

Common , Gavia immer Perineus nigrolimbatus Craspedonirmus bisetosus Austromenopon brevifimbriata Arctic Loon, Gavia arctica occidentalis Craspedonirmus atricolor Black-tailed Shearwater, Adamastor ciner- C. colymbinus eus C. frontatus Halipeurus agusticeps -throated Loon, Gavia stellata Corys’ Shearwater, Puffinus diomedea Craspedonirmus colymbinus Saemundssonia peusi C. frontatus Pink-footed Shearwater, Puffinus creatopus Horned , au&us Naubates major Aquanirmus colymbinus Greater Shearwater, Puffinus gravis Eared Grebe, Podiceps caspicus Halipeurus abnormis Aquanirmus americanus Naubates harrisoni Incidifrons fulicae Wedge-tailed Shearwater, Puffinus pacificus Laemobothrion simili Clypedon pacificus Pseudomenopon insolens Longimenopon puffinus Western Grebe, Aechmophorus occidentalis Sooty Shearwater, Puffinus griseus Pseudomenopon par Halipeurus diversus Pied-billed Grebe, Podilymbus podiceps Procellariphaga paulula Aquanirmus americanus , Puffinus puffinus Short-tailed , Diomedea albatrus Naubates major Docophoroides brevis Saemundssonia valida D. pacificus Trabeculus aviator Harrisoniella densa T. miriabilis P erineus concinnus Audubons’ Shear-water, Puffinus lherminieri P. giganticola Clypedon pacificus Procellariphaga navigans Procellariphaga narboroughi P. pinquis Fork-tailed Petrel, Oceanodroma furcata Black-footed Albatross, Diomedea nigripes Philoceanus annuliventris Docophoroides ferrisi Leachs’ Petrel, Oceanodroma leucorhoa Episbates machilhennyi Acidoproctus kelloggi Perineus confidens Halipeurus subangusticeps Black-browed Albatross, Diomedea melan- Saemundssonia incisa ophris Guadalupe Petrel, Oceanodroma macrodac- Docophoroides harrisoni tyla D. murphyi Longimenopon dominicanum D. simplex Red-billed Tropic-bird, Phadthon aethereus White-capped Albatross, Diomedea cauta Austromenopon becki Docophoroides brevis Saemundssonia breviantennata Yellow-nosed Albatross, Diomedea chloro- S. phaetona rhynchos Red-tailed Tropic-bird, Phaithon rubri- Docophoroides murphyi cauda Cape Petrel, Daption capensis Saemundssonia hexagona Ancistrona procellariae White , Pelecanus erythrorhynchos Naubates testaceus unciferum Procellariphaga daptionis Piagetiella peralis Pseudonirmus gurlti Pelican, Pelecanus occidentalis Fulmar, Fulmarus glacialis Colpocephalum unciferum Ancistrona vagelli Pectinopygus occidentalis Richard 0. MALLOPHAGA OF N.A. BIRDS Maleomson 185

Piagetiella bursaepelecani Ardeicola stellaris -faced , Sula dactylatra American Bittern, Botaurus lentiginosus Pectinopygus jamaicensis Ardeicola stellaris Blue-footed Booby, Sula nebouxii Wood , Mycteria americana Pectinopygus minor Ardeicola loculater Brown Booby, Sula leucogaster Ciconiphilus maculipes Pectinopygus annulatus C. femoratus P. garbei Colpocephalum scalariforme Red-footed Booby, Sula sula Neophilopterus heteropygus Pectinopygus sularum Glossy Ibis, Plegadis falcinellus Gannet, Morus bassanus Ardeicola rhaphidius Eidmanniella pustulosa Ciconiphilus blagoweschenskii Pectinopygus bassani Colpocephalum leptopygos Great , Phalacrocorax carbo Ibidoecus bisignatus Eidmanniella brevipalpis I. robustus Pectinopygus gyricornis Plegadiphilus plegadis Double-crested Cormorant, Phalacrocorax White Ibis, Eudocimus albus nuritus Colpocephalum fusconigrum Eidmanniella kuwani Ibidoecus bimaculatus Pectinopygus gyricornis Scarlet Ibis, Eudocimus suber Piagetiella incomposita Ardeicola gracilentus Olivaceous Cormorant, Phalacrocorax oliva- Ibidoecus hians ceus White Spoonbill, Platalea leucorodia Eidmanniella eurygaster Eucolpocephalum femorale Pectinopygus faralloni Ibidoecus plataleae P. gyroceras Roseate Spoonbill, Ajaia ajaja Piagetiella vigua Colpocephalum ajajae Brandts’ Cormorant, Phalacrocorax penicil- Ibidoecus iberoamericanus latus American , Phoenicopterus ruber Eidmanniella kuwani Anaticola candidus Piagetiella incomposita Mute Swan, Cygnus olor Anhinga, Anhinga anhinga Ornithobius cygni Pectinopygus anhinge Whooper Swan, Olor Cygnus Magnificent Frigate-bird, Fregata magnifi- Anatoecus musicus tens Whistling Swan, Olor columbianus Pectinopygus crenatus Ornithobius cygni Gray , Ardea cinerea Canada Goose, Branta canadensis Ardeicola ciconiae Ornithobius goniopleurus A. ardeae Trinoton anserium Ciconiphilus decimfasciatus Brant, Branta bernicla Common Egret, Casmerodius albus Annticola crassicornis Ardeicola albulus Anatoecus dentatus Ciconiphilus obscurus Barnacle Goose, Branta leucopsis Little Egret, Egretta garzetta Anatoecus brunneopygus Ardeicola expallidus Ornithobius hexopthalmus Black-crowned Night Heron, Nycticorax White-fronted Goose, Anser albifrons nycticorax Anaticola brevimaculatus Ciconiphilus nyctardis A. serratus Least Bittern, lxobrychus exilis Trinoton squalidum June 1960 THE WILSON BULLETIN Vol. 72, No. 2

Domestic Goose, Anser a. domesticus Anaticola penelopes An&cola anseris Holomenopon marecae Anatoecus adustus Trinoton spinosum Ciconiphilus paruus American Widgeon, Mareca americana C. pectiniventris An&cola crassicornis Ornithobius mathisi Trinoton luridum Trinoton anserium T. querquedulae T. squalidurn Shoveler, Spatula clypeata Black-bellied Tree Duck, Dendrocygna An&cola hopkinsi autumnalis Anatoecus ferrugineus Acidoproctus hopkinsi Holomenopon steigerum Tree Duck, Dendrocygna bicolor Trinoton squalidurn Anaticola chaetodens Wood Duck, Aix sponsa WestIndian Tree Duck, Dendrocygna An&cola lepidotus arborea Anatoecus dentatus Acidoproctus maximus Redhead, Aythya americana White-faced Whistling Duck, Dendrocygna Anatoecus dentatus viduata Common Pochard, Aythya ferina Acidoproctus rostratus Anatoecus difficilis Sheld-Duck, Tadorna tadorna Canvasback, Aythya valisineria Anaticola tadornae Acidoproctus kelloggi Colpocephalum quadriseriatum Greater Scaup, Aythya marila Mallard, Anas platyrhynchos Anatoecus dentatus An&cola crassicornis Lesser Scaup, Aythya affinis A. parviceps Anaticola cornicephalus A. zukeri Anatoecus dentatus Anatoecus adustus Trinoton querquedulae Holomenopon transvaalense Tufted Duck, Aythya fuligula Trinoton querquedulae Anatoecus obtusus Black Duck, Anas rubripes Barrows’ Goldeneye, Bucephala islandica Anaticola crassicornis Anaticola clangulae Anatoecus dentatus Bufflehead, Bucephala albeola Trinoton lituratum Anaticola crassicornis T. querqnedulae Anatoecus dentatus Gadwall, Anas strepera Oldsquaw, Clangula hyemalis Anaticola depurcatus An&cola crassicornis Anatoecus dentatus Anatoecus clangulus Trinoton querquedulae A. natatorum Pintail, Anas acuta Common Eider, Somateria mollissima Holomenopon clypeilargum Anaticola rubromaculatus Trinoton luridum King Eider, Somateria spectabilis Common Teal, Anus crecca Anatoecus dentatus Anaticola sordidus A. obtusus Holomenopon leucoxanthum Muscovy Duck, Cairina moschata -winged Teal, Anus carolinensis Anaticola cairinensis Anatoecus dentatus A. zunkeri Blue-winged Teal, Anas discors Holomenopon cairinae Anatoeeus dentatus H. transvaalensis European Widgeon, Mareca penelope Velvet Scoter, Melanitta fusca Richard 0. MALLOPHAGA OF N.A. BIRDS Malcomson 187

Anaticola punctulatus D. temporalis Anatoecus natatorum Bicolored Hawk, Accipiter bicolor Anaticus roe&vi Degeeriella epustulata White-winged Scoter, Melanitta deglandi Coopers’ Hawk, Accipiter cooperii Anaticola constrictus Craspedorrhynchus dilatatus Holomenopon loomisi Degeeriella fusca Surf Scoter, Melanitttn perspicillata Red-tailed Hawk, Buteo jamaicensis Anaticola constrictus Colpocephalum napiforme Common Scoter, Oidemia nigra Craspedorrhynchus dilatatus Anaticola augustolimbatus Laemobothrion loomisi Holomenopon lunarium Red-shouldered Hawk, Bzzteo lineatus Trinoton minus Craspedorrhynchus buteonis Ruddy Duck, Oxyura jamaicensis Broad-winged Hawk, Buteo platypterus Anaticola crassicornis Kurodaia mncrocybe Hooded Merganser, Lophodytes cucullatus Swainsons’ Hawk, Buteo swainsoni Anatoecus dentatus Colpocephalum costaricense Common Merganser, Mergus merganser Laemobothrion buteonivorum Anaticola crassicornis Rough-legged Hawk, Buteo lagopus Anatoecus dentatus Craspedorrhynchus dilatatus A. ferrugineus White Hawk, Leucopternis albicollis Trinoton querquedulae Craspedorrhynchus candidus Red-breasted Merganser, Mergus serrator Golden Eagle, Aquila chrysaetos Anaticola crassicornis Colpocephalum impressurn A. mergiserrati Craspedorrhynchus aquilinzzs Anatoecus icterodes Degeeriella fulva Trinoton mergi Falcolipeurus auturalis T. querquedulae Gray Sea Eagle, Haliaeetus albicilla Vulture, Cathartes aura Colpocephalum flavescens Laemobothrion canalense Craspedorrhynchus macrocephalus Colpocephalum kelloggi Degeeriella discocephalus Cuculiphilus alternatus Falcolipeurus sulcifrons Falcolipeurus marginalis Bald Eagle, Haliaeetus leucocephalus Black Vulture, Coragyps stratus Craspedorrhynchus halieti Falcolipeurus marginalis Degeeriella amblys King Vulture, Sarcoramphus papa Marsh Hawk, Circus cyaneus Colpocephalum megalops Degeeriella fusca Cuculiphilus cathartaepapae Osprey, Pandion haliaetus Falcolipeurus ternatus Kurodaia haliaeti Laemobothrion glutinans Small Forest Hawk, Micrastur ruficollis White-tailed Kite, Elanus leucurus Craspedorrhynchus ultimus Colpocephalum osborni C. transversifrons Hook-billed Kite, Chondrohierax uncinatus Caracara, Caracara cheriway Kurodaia keopeckei Cuculicola splendidus Laemobothrion condrohieracis Guadalupe Caracara, Caracara lutosus Everglade Kite, Rostrhamus sociabilis Degeeriella caracarensis Craspedorrhynchus obscurus Gyrfalcon, Falco rusticolus Falcolipeurus quadriguttatus Degeeriella fascinta Goshawk, Accipiter gentilis , Falco peregrinus Degeeriella secondaria Degeeriella fusca June 1960 THE WILSON BULLETIN Vol. 72, No. 2

D. temporalis Greater Prairie Chicken, Tympnnuchus Pigeon Hawk, Falco columbarius cupido Degeeriella temporalis Goniodes cupido Kestrel, F&o tinnunculus Sharp-tailed , Pedioecetes phasian- Degeeriella rufa ellus Laemobothrion tinnunculi Goniodes nebraskensis Rediella pediculoides Lagopoecus perplexus Sparrow Hawk, F&o sparverius Sage Grouse, Centrocercus urophasianus Degeeriella carruthi Goniodes centrocerci D. castanea Lagopoecus gibsoni D. giebeli Bobwhite, Colinus virginianus D. secondaria Cuclotogaster maculipes Laemobothrion intermedium Goniodes ortygis L. loomisi Lagopoecus numidianus , Crax rubra Lipeurus dovei Oxylipeurus globicerus Oxylipeurus clavatus Amyrsidea rubra 0. cubanus Crested , Penelope purpurascens Black-throated , Colinus nigrogularis Amyrsidea purpurascens Oxylipeurus yucatensis Oxylipeurus penelope Scaled Quail, Callipepla squamata , Ortalis vetula Goniodes squamatus Amyrsidea spicula Lagopoecus pallidus Oxylipeurus vet&e Oxylipeurus callipeplus Dusky-headed Chachalaca, Or&is garrula California Quail, Lophortyx californicus Menacanthus ortalidis Goniodes mammilatus Oxylipeurus costaricensis G. ovoidalis 0. postmarginatus Lagopoecus docophoroids Black Chachalaca, Penelopina nigra Gambels’ Quail, Lophortyx gambelii Chelopistes rotundus Lagopoecus gambeli Horned Guan, Oreophasis derbianus Mountain Quail, Oreortyx pictus Colpocephalum hoffmanni Goniodes pictus Blue Grouse, Dendragapw obscurus Lagopoecus calijornicus Goniodes simoni Harlequin Quail, Cyrtonyx montezumae G. merriamanus Goniodes submamillatus Lagopoecus obscurus Lagopoecus mearnsi Spruce Grouse, Canachites canadensis Oxylipeurus montezumae Goniodes corpulentus Ring-necked , Phnsianus colchicus Ruffed Grouse, Bonasa umbellus Amyrsidea megalosoma Goniodes bonasus Cuclotogaster heterographus Lagopoecus umbellus Goniocotes chrysocephalus Willow Ptarmigan, Lagopus lagopus Goniodes capitatus Goniodes lagopi G. colchici Amyrsidea lagopi Lagopoecus colchicus A. striata Lipeurus maculosus Lagopoecus affinis Oxylipeurus colchicus Rock Ptarmigan, Lagopus mutus Gray , Perdix perdix Lagopoecus affinis Amyrsidea megalosoma White-tailed Ptarmigan, Lagopus leucurus A. perdicis Goniodes leucurus Cuclotogaster heterogrammicus Richard 0. MALLOPHAGA OF N.A. BIRDS Malcomaon

Goniocotes microthorax , Agriocharis ocellata G. simillimus Oxylipeurus agriocharis Goniodes &spar Whooping , americana Menopon pallens Heleonomus assimilis Black-eared Wood-quail, Odontophorus , Grus canadensis erythrops Gruimenopom canadense Chelopistes elongatus Esthiopterum brevicephalus C. heterurus , Aramus guarauna Oxylipeurus melanotus Ibidoecus scolopaceus Marbled Wood-quail, Odontophorus gujan- Laemobothrion cubense ensis Clapper , longirostris Oxylipeurus repandus californicus Spotted Wood-quail, Odontophorus guttatus Virginia Rail, Rallus limicola Oxylipeurus guttatus Fulicoffula cumstocki White-throated Wood-quail, Odontophorus lncidifrons monachus leucolaemus Rallicola californicus Menacanthus meridionalis , Rallus aquaticus Long-tailed Partridge, Dendrortyx macroura Fulicoffula rallina Chelopistes simillis lncidifrons ralli Highland Partridge, Dendrortyx leucophrys Pseudomenopon scopulacorne Chelopistes dendrortyx Rallicola cuspidatus P eacock, Pavo cristatus Spotted Crake, Porzana porzana Amyrsidea phaeostoma Rallicola mystax Goniocotes parviceps Yellow Rail, Coturnicops noveboracensis G. rectangulatus Rallicola porzanae Goniodes meinertzhageni Wood Rail, Aramides cajanea G. pavonis Fulicoffula volsella Lipeurus pavo Rallicola ewingi Hen, Gallus domesticus Mexican Crake, Later&us albigularis Cuclotogaster heterogaphus Fulicoffula obstinata Goniocotes gallinae Pseudomenopon costaricense Goniodes assimilis , Crex crex G. gigas Rallicola ortygometrae Lipeurus caponis Purple Gallinule, Porphyrula martinica Menacanthus stramineus Rallicola elliotti Menapon gallinae Common Gallinule, Gallinula chloropus M. pallens Fulicoffula gallinula Guinea Hen, Numida meleagris Incidifrons gallinula Goniocotes gallinae Laemobothrion chloropodis Goniodes gigas European Coot, Fulica atra G. numidae Fulicoffula lurida Lipeurus numidae Incidifrons fulicae Menacanthus numidae Laemobothrion atrum Menapon gallinae Pseudomenopon pilosum Turkey, Meleagris gallopavo Rallicola fulicae Chelopistes meleagridis American Coot, Fulica americana Menacanthus stramineus Fulicoffula longipila Oxylipeurus corpulentus Incidifrons transpositus 0. polytrapezius Pseudomenopon pacificum June 1960 190 THE WILSON BULLETIN Vol. 72, No. 2

Rallicola fulicae Rhynonirmus infuscatus Sun Grebe, Heliornis fulica European Woodcock, Scolopax rusticola Fulicoffula heliornis Austromenopon icterum Jacana, Jacana spinosa Cummingsiella aurea Rallicola exiguifrons Rhynonirmus helvolus European Oystercatcher, Haematopus ostra- Common Snipe, Capella gallinago legus Austromenopon durisetosum grandiceps Cummingsiella ambigua Austromenopon haemantopi Rhynonirmus scolopacis Saemundssonia haemantopi Actornithophilus stictus American Oystercatcher, Haematopus palli- Rhynonirmus magnocephalus atus European Jacksnipe, Lymnocryptes mini- Lunaceps haemantopi mus Quadraceps auratus Actornithophilus multisetosus Lapwing, Vane&s vanellus Long-billed Curlew, Numenius americanus Actornithophilus svobodae Cummingsiella longirostricola Lunaceps holophaeus C. ovulis Saemundssonia temporalis Eurasian Curlew, Numenius arquata Ringed Plover, Charadrius hiaticula Actornithophilus patellatus Quadraceps fissus Austromenopon crocatum Quadraceps hiaticulae Cummingsiella ovalis Saemundssonia platygaster Lunaceps numenii Semipalmated Plover, Charadrius semipal- Saemundssonia humeralis matus S. viridiscola Quadraceps major Whimbrel, Numenius phaeopus Q. opacus Actornithophilus ocellatus Saemundssonia platygaster Austromenopon phaeopodis Killdeer, Charadrius vociferus Lunaceps phaeopi Austromenopon aegialitidis Saemundssonia scolopacisphaeopodis Quadraceps boephilus S. viridicola Dotterel, Eudromias morinellus Bristle-thighed Curlew, Numenius tahitien- Saemundssonia semivittata sis American Golden Plover, Pluvialis dominica Lunaceps hopkinsi Actornithophilus timidus Eskimo Curlew, Numenius borealis Quadraceps orarius Lunaceps rileyi Saemundssonia hawaiiensis Upland Plover, Bartramia longicauda Black-bellied Plover, Sguatarola squatarola Rhynonirmus infuscatus Actornithophilus flavipes Spotted Sandpiper, Actitis macularia Austromenopon squatarolae Quadraceps ravus Lunaceps incoenis Solitary Sandpiper, Tringa solitaria Quadraceps hospes Quadraceps waterstoni Snemundssonia naumanni Wood Sandpiper, Tringa glareola Buddy Turnstone, Arenaria interpres Quadraceps obscurus Rediellia pediculoides Wandering Tattler, Heteroscelus incanum Actornithophilus bicolor Actornithophilus kilauensis Quadraceps strepsilaris Saemundssonia hawaiiensis Black Turnstone, Arenaria melanocephala Polynesian Tattler, Heteroscelus brevipes Actornithophilus tigrus Quadraceps impar American Woodcock, Philohela minor Willet, Catoptrophorus semipalmatus Richard 0. MALLOPHAGAOF N.A. BIRDS M&OlllStXl 191

Austromenopon sachtlebeni Saemundssonia tompsoni Quadraceps carrikeri Ruff, Philomachus pugnax Greater Yellowlegs, Totanus melanoleucus Actornithophilus pustulosus Quadraceps austini Austromenopon lutescens Lesser Yellowlegs, Totanus flavipes Carduiceps fulvofasciatus Quadraceps falcigerus Lunaceps holophaeus Knot, Calidris canutus Sanderling, Crocethia alba Lunaceps drosti Actornithophilus albus Saemundssonia canuti Carduiceps complexivus S. islandica Lunaceps actophilus Purple Sandpiper, Erolia maritima American Avocet, Recurvirostra americana Lunaceps nereis Actornithophilus uniformis Pectoral Sandpiper, Erolia melanotos Austromenopon indistinctum Actornithophilus morsitans Cirrophthirius recurvirostrae Least Sandpiper, Erolia minutilla C. testudinarius Actornithophilus morsitans Cummingsiella inexpectata A. trilobatus Quadraceps zephyra Carduiceps zonarius Black-necked Stilt, Himantopus mexicanus Saemundssonia fusiformis Actornithophilus mexicanus Dunlin, Erolia alpina Quadraceps mexicanus Austromenopon alpinum Red Phalarope, Phalaropus fulicarius Carduiceps meinertzhageni Austromenopon corporosum C. zonarius Quadraceps phalaropi Short-hilled Dowitcher, Limnodromus Wilsons’ Phalarope, Steganopus tricolor griseus Quadraceps fimbriatus Actornithophilus albus Northern Phalarope, Lobipes lobatus Long-billed Dowitcher, Limnodromus scolo- Carduiceps subscalaris paceus Quadracepts connexus Quadraceps klatti Mexican Thick-knee, Burhinus bistriatus Semipalmated Sandpiper, Ereunetes pusillus Quadraceps acuticeps Actornithophilus hirsutus Pomarine Jaeger, Stercorarius pomarinus Western Sandpiper, Ereunetes mauri Actornithophilus brachycephalus Lunaceps cabanisi Austromenopon circinatum Marbled Godwit, Limosa fedoa A. fuscofasciatum Carduiceps clayae Perineus grandis Lunaceps clayae Perineus laculatus L. lucidus Quadraceps stellaepolaris Rotundiceps cordatus Parasitic Jaeger, Stercorarius parasiticus Bar-tailed Godwit, Limosa lapponica Quadraceps normifer Austromenopon meyeri Saemundssonia cephalus Carduiceps clayae Long-tailed Jaeger, Stercorarius longicaudus Saemundssonia limosne Quadraceps parvapallidus Hdu sonian Godwit, Limosa haemastica Skua, Catharacta skua Lunaceps paschalis Perineus piratae Rotundaceps cordatus Saemundssonia stresemanni Black-tailed Godwit, Limosa limosa Glaucous Gull, Larus hyperboreus Actornithophilus spimulosus Quadraceps striolatus Austromenopon limosae Saemundssonia lari &duiceps cingulatus Glaucous-winged Gull, Larus glaucescens June 1960 192 THE WILSON BULLETIN Vol. 72, No. 2

Actornithophilus funebris Bridled , Sterna anaethetw Austromenopon infrequens Saemundssonia meridiana Great Black-backed Gull, Larus marinus Royal Tern, Thalasseus maximus Saemundssonia gonothorax Quadraceps praestans Actornithophilus lari Sandwich Tern, Thalasseus sandvicensis Herring Gull, Larus argentatus Actornithophilus piceus Qudraceps ornatus Saemundssonia laticaudata Ring-billed Gull, Larus delawarensis Caspian Tern, Hydroprogne caspia Quadraceps sublingulatus Quadraceps caspius Mew Gull, Larus canus Q. griseus Quadraceps omatus Black Tern, Chlidonias niger Saemundssonia congener Actornithophilus mzzurus Black-headed Gull, Larus ridibundus Noddy Tern, Anoiis stolidus Austromenopon ridibundus Actornithophilus epiphanes Quadraceps punctatus A. milleri Laughing Gull, Larus atricilla Clypedon incisus Saemundssonia gonothorax Saemundssonia Temota Bonapartes’ Gull, Larus Philadelphia Razorbill, Alca torda Actornithophilus funebris Austramenopon nigropleurum Heermanns’ Gull, Larus heermanni Quadraceps alcae Quadraceps felix Saemundssonia celidoxa Saemundssonia meinertzhageni Common Murre, Uris aalge Ivory Gull, Pagophila eburnea Austromenopon uriae Saemundssonia pagophilae Quadraceps obliquus Black-legged , Rissa tridactyla Saemundssonia calva Austromenopon transversum Dovekie, Plautus alle Quadraceps lineolatus Austromenopon merguli Q. paulschulzei Quadraceps klatti Saemundssonia tridactylae Saemundssonia merguli Ross ’ Gull, Rhodostethia rosea Black Guillemot, Cepphus grylle Quadraceps bryki Saemundssonia grylle Sabines’ Gull, Xema sabini Pigeon Guillemot, Cepphus columba Quadraceps lineatus Quadraceps pacificus Forsters’ Tern, Sterna forsteri Saemundssonia procax Saemundssonia parvigenetalis Marbled Murrelet, Brachyrcmphus marmor- , Sterna hirundo atum Austromenopon pachypus Saemundssonia montereyi Quadraceps sellatus Ancient Murrelet, Synthliboramphus anti- Saemundssonia sternae quum Arctic Tern, Sterna paradisaen Quadraceps maritimus Quadraceps houri Saemundssonia montereyi Roseate Tern, Sterna dougallii Cassins’ Auklet, Ptychoramphus aleutica Quadraceps giebeli Quadraceps maritimus Sooty Tern, Sterna fuscata Saemundssonia isolita Quadraceps birostris S. montereyi Q, lepidus Crested Auklet, Aethia cristatella Q. obtusus Saemundssonia wumisuzume Saemundssonia peristicta Least Auklet, Aethia pusilla S. petersi Quadraceps aethereus Richard 0. Maleomson MALLOPHAGA OF N.A. BIRDS 193

Rhinoceros Auklet, Cerorhinca monocerata Vernoniella macgregori Quadraceps maritimus Barn , Tyto alba Saemundssonia acutipecta Kurodaia subpachygaster Common Puffin, Fratercula arctica Screech Owl, Otus asio Austromenopon fraterculae Kurodaia painei Saemundssonia fraterculae Strigiphilus ceblebrachys Tufted Puffin, Lunda cirrhata Great Horned Owl, Bubo virginianus Actornithophilus perplanus Strigiphilus oculatus Quadraceps pacificus , Nyctea scandiaca , Columba livia Kurodaia menoponoides Campanulotes compar Strigiphilus ceblebrachys Coloceras fahrenholzi S. barbatus C. piageti Burrowing Owl, Speotyto cunicularia Colpocephalum turbinatum Kurodaia pectinata Columbicola columbae Strigiphilus speotyti Horostiella lata Great Gray Owl, Strix nebulosa Mourning Dove, Zenaidura macroura Strigiphilus remotus Columbicola baculoides S. syrnii C. macrourae Long-eared Owl, Asio otus Physconelloides zenaidurae Strigiphilus cursor Passenger Pigeon, Ectopistes migratorius S. barbatus Columbicola extinctus Short-eared Owl, Asio flammeus Ground Dove, Columbigallina passerina Strigiphilus cursor Columbicola passerinae S. nudipes Mexican , cyanopygius Squamulated Owl, Ciccaba virgata Paragoniocotes illustris Strigiphilus viridicus Psittacobrosus forpi Common Nighthawk, Chordeiles minor Red-and-Green Macaw, Ara chloroptera Mulcticola macrocephalus Heteromenopon sincipitalis Chimney Swift, Chaetura pelagica Paragoniocotes mirabilis Dennyus dubius Psittacomenopon acuticeps Eureum ewingi Scarlet Macaw, Ara macao Vauxs’ Swift, Chaetura vauxi Neopsittaconirmus trinoton Dennyus richmondi P aragoniocotes nanus -collared Swift, Chaetura rutilu Green Macaw, Ara militaris Dennyus brunneitorques Epiara dimorpha Spiny-tailed Swift, Chaetura spinicauda Yellow-billed , Coccyzus americanus Dennyus limbus Cuculoecus coccygii White-throated Swift, Adronautes saxatalis C. latifrons Dennyus bruneri Cuculiphilus decoratus Smoky Swift, Cypseloides fumigatus Black-billed Cuckoo, Coccyzus erythropthal- Dennyus spininotus mus Black Swift, Cypseloides niger Cuculiphilus fasciatus Dennyus spiniger Squirrel Cuckoo, Piaya cayana Ruby-throated , Archilochus Cuculicola atopus colubris Smooth-billed Ani, Crotophaga ani lineatus Osborniella crotophagae Costas’ Hummingbird, Calypte costae Vernoniella guimaraesi Trochiloecetes prominens Groove-billed Ani, Crotophaga suleirostris Annas’ Hummingbird, Calypte anna June 1960 THE WILSON BULLETIN Vol. 72, No. 2

Bruelia eustigma Downy Woodpecker, Dendrocopos pubescens Hummingbird, Selasphorus rujus Menopon hirsutum Picicola snodgrassi Myrsidea junerea Trochiloecetes ochoterenal Penenirmus evagens Lesser Broad-tailed Hummingbird, Selas- Nuttalls’ Woodpecker, Dendrocopos nuttallii phorus jlammula Philopterus singularis Ricinus doratophorum Black-backed Three-toed Woodpecker, Rieffers’ Hummingbird, Amazilia tzacatl PicoFdes arcticus Ricks jiminezi Menacanthus picicola Coppery-tailed , Trogon elegans Northern Three-toed Woodpecker, Picoides’ Trogonirmus eleganus tridactylus Large-tailed Trogon, Trogon melanurus Menacanthus picicola Trogonirmus melanurus Barred Antshrike, Thamnophilus doliatus Violaceous Trogon, Trogon violaceus Machaerilaemus laticorpus Trogonirmus hastijormis Masked Tityra, Tityra semijasciata T. laticephalis Machaerilaemus tityrus Belted Kingfisher, Megaceryle alcyon White-collared Manakin, Manacus candei Actornithophilus subpustulatus Philopterus bruneri Rufous-crowned Motmot, Momotus mexi- Eastern Kingbird, Tyrannus tyrannus conus Penenirmus tyrannus Philopterus dennyi Ricks angulatus Blue-crowned Motmot, Momotus momota Western Kingbird, Tyrannus verticalis Bruelia marginella Picicola foedus Emerald Toucanet, Aulacorhynchus pra- Cassins’ Kingbird, Tyrannus vocijerans sinus Ricinus arcuatus Austrophilopterus minutus Ash-throated Flycatcher, Myiarchus cine- Collared Aracari, Pteroglossus torquatus rascens Austrophilopterus torquatus Menacanthus distinctus Keel-billed Toucan, Ramphastos suljuratus Philopterus rujus Austrophilopterus subsimilis Picicola joedus Yellow-shafted Flicker, Colaptes auratus Says’ Phoebe, Sayornis saya Philopterus alienus Picicola joedus Picicola mississippiensis Costa Rican Flycatcher, Empidonaz atri- Menacanthus colaptis ceps Penenirmus jugens Myrsidea stenodesma Pileated Woodpecker, Dryocopus pileatus Western Flycatcher, Empidonax dijjicilis Picicola marginatulus Ricinus sucinaceus Gray-breasted Woodpecker, Centurus Bruelia ductilis hypopolius , Contopus virens Menacanthus praecursor Philopterus juscoventralis Acorn Woodpecker, Melanerpes jormiciv- Vermilion Flycatcher, Pyrocephalus rubinus orus Philopterus insulicola Penenirmus californiensis Skylark, Alauda arvensis Yellow-bellied Sapsucker, Sphyrapicus Menacanthus alaudae varius Horned Lark, Eremophila alpestris Penenirmus californicw Ricinus serratus P. varius Tree Swallow, Iridoprocne bicolor Hairy Woodpecker, Dendrocopos villosus Bruelia longa Penenirmus californiensis Philopterus major Richard 0. MALLOPHAGAOF N.A. BIRDS 195 Malcomson

Bank Swallow, Riparia riparia Verdin, Auriparus flaviceps Bruelia tenuis Rruelia audax Myrsidea latifrons Common Bushtit, Psaltriparus minimus Rough-winged Swallow, Stelgidopteryx Menacanthus robustus ruficollis Brown Creeper, Certhia fnmiliaris Myrsidea pallorus Penenirmus trimarginis , HiTundo rustica Dipper, Cinclus mexicanus Bruelia domestica Menacanthus aleskensis Machaerilaemus malleus Philopterus americanus Myrsidea rustica Winter Wren, Troglodytes troglodytes M. straminea Penenirmus albiventris Purple Martin, Progne subis Bewicks’ Wren, Thryomnnes bewickii Bruelia brevipes Philopterus mirus Machaerilaemus americanus Wren, Campylorhynchus brunnei- Myrsidea dissimilis capillum Philopterus domesticus Menacanthus distinctus Gray-breasted Martin, Progne chalybea Catbird, Dumetella carolinensis Dennyus similis Picicola Orpheus Blue Jay, Cyanocitta cristata Red-wing, Turdus musicus Philopterus cristata Bruelia iliaci White-tipped Brown Jay, Psilorhinus mexi- B. inOTnata canus Myrsidea iliuci Philopterus underwoodi Blackbird, Turdus merula Scrub Jay, Aphelocoma coerulescens Bruelia ansel Menacanthus persignatus B. jacobi Black-billed Magpie, Pica pica B, merulensis Rruelia biocellata Philopterw merulae Philopterus picae Ricinus ernstlangi Common Raven, COTVUScOTax Clay-colored Robin, Turdus grayi

Bruelia CLTgdU Penenirmus caligineus Menacanthus gonophaeus Robin, Turdus migratorius Philopterus corvi Bruelia vulgata Common Crow, Corvus brachyrhynchos Ricinus merulae Bruelia rotundata Sturnidoecus simplex Myrsidea interrupta Fieldfare, Turdus pilaris Philopterus corvi Bruelia antimarginalis Rook, Corvus frugilegus Philopterus bischoffi Menacanthus laticeps Wood Thrush, Hylocichla mustelina Philopterus atratus Myrsidea incerta Hooded Crow, Corvus cornix Hermit Thrush, Hylocichla guttata Bruelia uncinosa Myrsidea incerta Pifion Jay, Gymnorhinus cyanocephala Swainsons’ Thrush, Hylocichla ustulata Philopterus phillipi Myrsidea incerta Clarks’ Nutcracker, Nucifraga columbiana Gray-cheeked Thrush, Hylocichla minima Myrsidea brunea Myrsidea incerta Black-capped Chickadee, Parus atricapillus Veery, Hylocichla fuscescens Philopterus rutteri Myrsidea fuscomarginata Carolina Chickadee, Parus carolinensis Eastern , Sialia sialis Bruelia vulgata Philopterus sialii June 1960 THE WILSON BULLETIN Vol. 12, No. 2

Golden-crowned Kinglet, Regalas sotropu B. subtilus Ricinus frenatus Wagler Oropendola, Zarhynchus wagleri White Wagtail, Motacilla alba Bisarrifrons francisi Menacanthus pus&s Myrsidea luoris Philopterus passerinus M. miriabilis Sturnidoecus aeneas Bobolink, Dolichonyx oryzivorus Yellow Wagtail, Motacilla flava Menacanthus expansus Philopterus passerinus Eastern Meadowlark, Sturnella magna Water Pipit, Anthus spinoletta Bruelia abrupta Ricinus japonicus B. picturata Meadow Pipit, Anthus pratensis Yellow-headed Blackbird, Xanthocephalus Bruelia cordyalla xanthocephalus Bohemian Waxwing, Bombycilla garrula Bruelia xanthocephali Bruelia brachythorax Redwinged Blackbird, Agelaius phoeniceus Philopterus garrulae Bruelia ornatissima Ricinus bombycillae Philopterus agelaii Cedar Waxwing, Bombycilla cedrorum Scarlet-headed Oriole, Zcterus pustulatus Bruelia cedrorum Machaerilaemus icterus Phainopepla, Phainopepla nitens Boat-tailed Grackle, Cassidix mexicanus Bruelia peninsularis Bizarrifrons meinertzhageni Picicola foedus Common Grackle, Quiscalus quiscula Northern Shrike, Lanius excubitor Philopterus quiscali Bruelia imponderabilica Brown-headed Cowbird, Molothrus ater Menacanthus camelinus Bruelia ornatissima Starling, Sturnus vulgaris Swainson Tanager, Piranga bidentata Bruelia nebulosa Bruelia melanococa Menacanthus mutabilis Cardinal, Richmondena cardinalis Myrsidea cucularis Menacanthus spinosus Sturnidoecus sturni Rose-breasted Grosbeak, Pheucticus ludo- Crested Myna, Acridotheres cristatellus vicianus Myrsidea invadens Bruelia pallidula Protbonotary Warbler, Protonotaria critrea Varied Bunting, Passerina versicolor Ricinus pallens Ricinus australis Blue-winged Warbler, Vermivora pinus Dickcissel, Spiza americana Ricinus picturatus Myrsidea incerta Orange-crowned Warbler, Vermivora celata Brambling, Fringilla montifringilla Ricinus picturatus Bruelia cyclothorax Yellow Warbler, Dendroica petechia Evening Grosbeak, Hesperiphona vespertina Myrsidea ridulosa Bruelia pallidula Yellow-breasted Chat, Zcteria virens Purple Finch, Carpodacus purpureus Picicola foedus Bruelia vulgata , Passer domesticus House Finch, Carpodacus mexicanus Bruelia obligata Bruelia vulgata B. subtilis Myrsidea conspicua B. vulgata Pine Grosbeak, Pinicola enucleator Menacanthus annulatus Menacanthus alaskensis Philopterus fringillae Chestnut-capped Atlapetes, Atlapetes brun- European Tree Sparrow, Passer montanus nei-nucha Bruelia cyclothorax Menacanthus difficilis Richard 0. ?VkAXIllS0Il MALLOPHAGAOF N.A.BIRDS 197

European Goldfinch, Carduelis carduelis Oregon Junco, Junco oreganus Bruelia densilimba Penenirmus mirinotatus Menacanthus carduelis Ricinus hastatus American Goldfinch, Spinus tristis R. pallidus Myrsidea incerta Tree Sparrow, Spizella arborea Red Crossbill, Loxia curvirostra Bruelia vulgata Bruelia limbata Field Sparrow, Spizella pusilla Myrsidea quadrimaculata Machaerilaemus complexus Philopterus curvirostrae White-crowned Sparrow, Zonotrichia leuco- Rufous-sided Towhee, Pipilo erythrophthal- phrys mus Bruelia vulgata Bruelia vulgata Golden-crowned Sparrow, Zonotrichia atri- Myrsidea melanorum capilla Ricinus subhastatus Bruelia vulgata Brown Towhee, Pipilo fuscus Fox Sparrow, Passerella iliaca Bruelia vulgata Ricinus angulatus Savannah Sparrow, Passerculus sandwich- Song Sparrow, Melospira melodia ensis Ricinus melospizae Ricinus diffusus Machaerilaemus maestus Lark Sparrow, Chondestes grammacus M. melospizae Bruelia augustifrons Menacanthus chrysophaeus Sage Sparrow, Amphispita belli Lapland Longspur, Calcarius lapponicus Bruelia lautiuscula Bruelia infrequens White-winged Junco, Junco aikeni Menacanthus meniscus Ricinus hastatus Snow Bunting, Plectrophenax nivalis R. pallidus Bruelia nivalis Slate-colored Junco, Junco hyemalis Myrsidea major Bruelia vulgata Philopterus hamatus Ricinus pallidus Ricinus angulatus

DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, CENTRAL MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY, MT. PLEASANT, MICHIGAN, OCTOBER 3, 1959