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343 KHUHSULPDULO\LQWKHDVSHFWRI5XVVLDQ%HODUXVLDQFURVVOLQJXDO LQWHUIHUHQFH )RUH[DPSOHLQWKH1DWLRQDO6WDWLVWLFDO&RPPLWWHHRIWKH 5HSXEOLF RI %HODUXV RSHUDWHG RQ WKH IROORZLQJ VWDWLVWLFDO LQGLFDWRUV ©The Belarusian language is spoken by 23% of the population. Only 26% of Belarusians speak Belarusian at home ª 'DLO\ 7KHFRQWLQXDWLRQLVVWDWLVWLFDOO\VDWXUDWHGWRR ©In the census, 60% of country population (5,588,000 people) called the Belarusian language “native”, but only 30% of the population speak it at home. At the same time, the language that the respondent himself considered native or the language he learned first in early childhood was taken into account as a “na- tive” languageª 'DLO\ +RZHYHULQWKLVUHJDUGLWLVQRW FOHDU DWZKDWSRLQWGRHVWXUQVLQWRDQGWKHQLQWR "$WWKHVDPHWLPHWKHGHILQLWLRQRIDODQJXDJHDV©QDWLYHªGXH WRWKHUHVSRQGHQW¶VRSLQLRQVRIWHQGRHVQRWLQVSLUHFRQILGHQFH± DVFULWHULRQIRUGHILQLQJWKHREMHFW,IWKHODQJXDJHILUVWOHDUQHGLQ WKH FKLOGKRRG LV UHDOO\ QDWLYH DOO RWKHU FULWHULD LQFOXGLQJ WKH UHVSRQGHQW¶V RZQ RSLQLRQ VKRXOG QRW EH WDNHQ LQWR DFFRXQW ZLWKRXW FRQVLGHUDWLRQ PRUH ZHLJKW\ VFLHQWLILF DUJXPHQWV DUH QHHGHG ,W LV D ZHOONQRZQ VLWXDWLRQ ZKHQ D SHUVRQ FDOOV WKH ODQJXDJHRIKLVKRPHODQG©QDWLYHª±HYHQLIRQHLVQRWDFWXDOO\ IOXHQWLQLW,WLVZHOOSURYHGE\WKHSROOVWDWLVWLFVLQ%HODUXV KHUH RI SRSXODWLRQ FDOOV WKH %HODUXVLDQ ODQJXDJH ©QDWLYHª DOWKRXJK ©SUHIHUVª 5XVVLDQ ODQJXDJH LQ 0LQVN RI SRSXODWLRQFDOOVWKH%HODUXVLDQODQJXDJH©QDWLYHªEXWRQO\ ©FRPPXQLFDWHVªLQLW VHHEHORZ 2I FRXUVH %HODUXVLDQ ± DV WKH RQO\ ODQJXDJH LQ D PXOWLOLQJXDO FRXQWU\IRUDORQJWLPH±JDLQHGWKHQRWDEOHVSHFLILFLW\ ©its ethnic function (to be a national symbol, to consolidate people and to distinguish it from other ethnic groups) excels over the main function of language (to communicate ª 0HFKNRYVND\D 1% +RZHYHU WKLV GRHV QRW H[FOXGH FRPPRQ ODQJXDJHXQLYHUVDOVDQGOLQJXLVWLFORJLFLQVFLHQWLILFUHIOHFWLRQLQ SDUWLFXODUZKLOHGHFLGLQJZKHWKHUDODQJXDJHFDQEHFRQVLGHUHG
344 DV QDWLYH IRU D SHUVRQ ZKR GRHV QRW VSHDN LW ©GRHV QRW SUHIHU LWª "2QWKHEDFNJURXQGRIWKH%HODUXVLDQODQJXDJHLWLVREYL RXVO\WKDWLQWKH©OLQJXLVWLFªDVSHFWWKHDQVZHUVKRXOGEH©QRª 2IFRXUVHWKLVGRHVQRWPHDQWKDWLQHYHU\GD\OLIHDQ\VSHDNHU FDQHPSKDVL]HKLVRUKHUQDWLRQDOLGHQWLW\LQWKLVZD\ 7KHUH LV QR GRXEW WKDW WKH 5XVVLDQ ODQJXDJH GRPLQDWHV LQ %HODUXV ©At the same time, as the census showed, most of the Belarusian population (70%) prefers to communicate in Russian – 96% of Russians, 88% of Ukrainians, 70% of Belarusians and 51% of Poles who live in Belarus speak it... The linguistic characteristics of people in different regions of the Republic of Belarus are different, as Belstat notes. For example, about 70% of population calls Belarusian «native» in the Minsk region, while in Minsk only 35% of population declares it being native, but only 6% of the inhabitants of the capital speaks it. In other regions, a little over 50% of inhabitants considers Belarusian as their mother tongueª 'DLO\ +RZHYHU LQ IDFW LQ RUGHU WKDWWKLVVWDWLVWLFVFRXOGEHFRPHWUXO\©OLQJXLVWLFFKDUDFWHULVWLFVª LWLVQHFHVVDU\WRPDNHJHQHUDOL]DWLRQVDERXWWKHUHODWHGODQJXDJH VSHFLILFV IRU H[DPSOH WR H[SODLQ WKH VXUSULVLQJ XQHYHQQHVV LQ WKHUHFRJQLWLRQRIWKH%HODUXVLDQODQJXDJHDV©QDWLYHª RI UHVLGHQWVFRQVLGHUV%HODUXVLDQDVWKHLUPRWKHUWRQJXHLQ0LQVN ± LQ WKH 0LQVN UHJLRQ EXW D OLWWOH RYHU ± LQ RWKHU UHJLRQV ,QGHHG IURP WKH SRLQW RI YLHZ RI /LQJXLVWLFV WKLV SLFWXUHLVFRPSOHWHO\LOORJLFDO WKHVWDWLVWLFVZLOOEHPXFKPRUH FUHGLEOH LI ± QRW ZRXOG FRQVLGHU WKH %HODUXVLDQ ODQJXDJH ©QDWLYHª LQ WKH 0LQVN UHJLRQ VXUURXQGLQJ 0LQVN ZKDWZLOOEHDPHGLDQEHWZHHQ0LQVNDQG©RWKHUUHJLRQVª2I FRXUVHWKHDERYHVWDWLVWLFVQHHGVWREHZHOOIRXQGHG±RWKHUZLVH LWFDXVHVOHJLWLPDWHGRXEWV 7KH QHZHVW KLVWRU\ RI WKH %HODUXVLDQ ODQJXDJH LV LQVHSDUDEOH IURP WKH LVVXHV RI LWV LGHQWLW\ 7KH KLVWRULFDO LQIOXHQFHV RI ©WDUDVKNHYLWVDª the version of orthography proposed by B. Tarashkevich in 1918 DQG ©ODWLQLWVDª transliteration of writing in Latin letters XQGHUWKHFRQGLWLRQVRIGHPRFUDWL]DWLRQ
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