Community Structure of Vascular Plants in Treefall Gaps and Fire
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Botany, Genetics and Ethnobotany: a Crossed Investigation on the Elusive Tapir’S Diet in French Guiana
Botany, Genetics and Ethnobotany: A Crossed Investigation on the Elusive Tapir’s Diet in French Guiana Fabrice Hibert1*, Daniel Sabatier2,3, Judith Andrivot1,4, Caroline Scotti-Saintagne4, Sophie Gonzalez2, Marie-Franc¸oise Pre´vost2, Pierre Grenand5,Je´rome Chave6, Henri Caron7,Ce´cile Richard-Hansen1 1 Direction Etudes et Recherches Guyane, Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Kourou, French Guiana, France, 2 Herbier de Guyane, UMR AMAP, IRD, Cayenne, French Guiana, France, 3 UMR AMAP, IRD, Montpellier, France, 4 UMR 0745 EcoFoG, INRA, Kourou, French Guiana, France, 5 UPS 3188 IRD, OHM Oyapock du CNRS, Cayenne, French Guiana, France, 6 Laboratoire Evolution et Diversite´ Biologique, UMR 5174 CNRS, Universite´ Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France, 7 INRA, Universite´ de Bordeaux, UMR1202 BIOGECO, Cestas, France Abstract While the populations of large herbivores are being depleted in many tropical rainforests, the importance of their trophic role in the ecological functioning and biodiversity of these ecosystems is still not well evaluated. This is due to the outstanding plant diversity that they feed upon and the inherent difficulties involved in observing their elusive behaviour. Classically, the diet of elusive tropical herbivores is studied through the observation of browsing signs and macroscopic analysis of faeces or stomach contents. In this study, we illustrate that the original coupling of classic methods with genetic and ethnobotanical approaches yields information both about the diet diversity, the foraging modalities and the potential impact on vegetation of the largest terrestrial mammal of Amazonia, the lowland tapir. The study was conducted in the Guianan shield, where the ecology of tapirs has been less investigated. -
Tbiseries3.Pdf
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The Identity of Ucuqui by Joao Murca Fires1 and Richard Evans Schultes2
THE IDENTITY OF UCUQUI BY JOAO MURCA FIRES1 AND RICHARD EVANS SCHULTES2 ONE of the results of recent field work in the upper Rio Negro basin of Brazil has been the identification of a useful plant of that area—the ucuqui. The fruit of this tree has an edible and delicious mesocarp and is an impor- tant part of the diet of the native peoples of the region. Investigation has shown that the ucuqui is an unde- scribed species of the sapotaceous genus Pouteria. It is altogether fitting that, in publishing a description of this food plant, we employ as a specific epithet the common name which refers exclusively to this species over the greater part of its range. Pouteria Ucuqui is immediately set apart from all other species of the genus by the excessively developed disk which surrounds the ovary. Pouteria Ucuqui Pi res &, Schultes sp. nov. Arbor enormis, usque ad centum viginti pedes alta, radicibus tabularibus, trunco columnari usque ad tres pedes in diametro, cortice crasso, molli, extus atrobadio 1 Chief, Section of Biology, Instituto Agronomico do Norte, Belem do Para, Brazil. * Botanist, Bureau of Plant Industry, Soils, and Agricultural Engi- neering, Agricultural Research Administration, U.S. Department of Agriculture; Research Fellow, Botanical Museum, Harvard Univer- sity ; Collaborator, Instituto Agronomico do Norte. [87] et intus sanguineo cum latice alho aquosoque. Hamuli juniores, inflorescentiae, petioli et foliorum nervi indu- mento ferrugineo-pulverulento vel ferrugineo-furfuraceo obtecti. Folia alterna, bene coriacea, elliptica, basi et apice acuta vel obtusiuscula, plerumque cum acumine 7-10 mm. longo, margine Integra, 11—20 cm. -
Wood Anatomy of the Neotropical Sapotaceae Xxiv. Ecclinusa
WOOD ANATOMY OF THE NEOTROPICAL SAPOTACEAE XXIV. ECCLINUSA RESEARCH PAPER FPL 395 FOREST PRODUCTS LABORATORY FOREST SERVICE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE MADISON, WIS. MAY 1981 Abstract Ecclinusa is a small genus of South American species characterized by their pale-brown, roseate, or sometimes rust-colored woods of moderate density (specific gravity averages 0.71). The small pores are in clustered-echelon arrangement or in laterally spaced files in echelon or radial arrangement. Ecclinusa is a silica accumulating genus, attaining concentrations of 2.05 percent in E. guianensis. Since its inception in 1839, the genus has remained remarkably stable and has accumulated a minimal amount of synonomy. Preface The Sapotaceae form an important part of the ecosystem in the neotropics; for example, limited inventories made in the Amazon Basin indicate that this family makes up about 25 percent of the standing timber volume there. This would represent an astronomical volume of timber but at present only a very small fraction is being utilized. Obviously, better information would help utilization-- especially if that information can result in clear identification of species. The Sapotaceae represent a well-marked and natural family but the homogeneous nature of their floral characters makes generic identification extremely dif- ficult. This in turn is responsible for the extensive synonomy. Unfortunately, species continue to be named on the basis of flowering or fruiting material alone and this continues to add to the already confused state of affairs. This paper on Ecclinusa is the twenty-fourth in a series describing the anatomy of the secondary xylem of the neotropical Sapotaceae. -
Disentangling the Phenotypic Variation and Pollination Biology of the Cyclocephala Sexpunctata Species Complex (Coleoptera:Scara
DISENTANGLING THE PHENOTYPIC VARIATION AND POLLINATION BIOLOGY OF THE CYCLOCEPHALA SEXPUNCTATA SPECIES COMPLEX (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE: DYNASTINAE) A Thesis by Matthew Robert Moore Bachelor of Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2009 Submitted to the Department of Biological Sciences and the faculty of the Graduate School of Wichita State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science July 2011 © Copyright 2011 by Matthew Robert Moore All Rights Reserved DISENTANGLING THE PHENOTYPIC VARIATION AND POLLINATION BIOLOGY OF THE CYCLOCEPHALA SEXPUNCTATA SPECIES COMPLEX (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE: DYNASTINAE) The following faculty members have examined the final copy of this thesis for form and content, and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science with a major in Biological Sciences. ________________________ Mary Jameson, Committee Chair ________________________ Bin Shuai, Committee Member ________________________ Gregory Houseman, Committee Member ________________________ Peer Moore-Jansen, Committee Member iii DEDICATION To my parents and my dearest friends iv "The most beautiful thing we can experience is the mysterious. It is the source of all true art and all science. He to whom this emotion is a stranger, who can no longer pause to wonder and stand rapt in awe, is as good as dead: his eyes are closed." – Albert Einstein v ACKNOWLEDMENTS I would like to thank my academic advisor, Mary Jameson, whose years of guidance, patience and enthusiasm have so positively influenced my development as a scientist and person. I would like to thank Brett Ratcliffe and Matt Paulsen of the University of Nebraska State Museum for their generous help with this project. -
Network Scan Data
Selbyana 9: 196-202 THE VASCULAR FLORA OF LA SELVA BIOLOGICAL STATION, COSTA RICA* CYCLANTHACEAE BARRY E. HAMMELt Department of Botany, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27706 HARLING, G. 1958. Monograph ofthe Cyclanthaceae. topped or funnel-shaped receptacle, the stamens Acta Horti Berg. 18: 1-428. numerous, longitudinally dehiscent; the pistillate Monoecious, perennial, often palmlike herbs 4-parted; tepals coriaceous, basally each bearing either terrestrial, rooted in the ground and climb adaxially a conspicuous filamentous staminode, the stigmas forming a cross diagonal to, and ing or wholly epiphytic; stems either stout, often sometimes projecting between, the corners ofthe tough and liana-like or more or less acaulescent. Leaves distichous or spirally arranged; blades square formed by the tepals. Fruits partially or mostly bifid, 1-,2-, or 3-costate, rarely palmately completely fused, together forming a cylindrical divided or entire; petioles flattened above, with or sometimes globose syncarp (often circumcis or without a narrow groove, or rarely terete, ba silely dehiscent); seeds small, narrowly elliptic to sally sheathing. Inflorescence an unbranched pe ovoid, flattened or terete, mucilaginous, numer dunculate spadix enclosed by 2-11 usually de ous. ciduous spathes. Flowers densely congested with A neotropical family of ten genera and ap either each floral group consisting of a central proximately 200 species found almost exclu pistillate flower surrounded by four staminate sively in mid to low elevation, wet primary forest flowers or fused in alternate staminate and pis from southern Mexico to southeastern BraziL tillate whorls and the individual flowers not dis Presumably most are pollinated by beetles and cernible; the staminate with an inconspicuous small weevils attracted to strong, sweet floral fra perianth of several resinous knobs or finger-like grances. -
The Vegetation of the Coastal Region of Suriname. Results of the Scientific Expedition to Suriname 1948—49 Botanical Series No
The vegetation of the Coastal Region of Suriname. Results of the scientific expedition to Suriname 1948—49 botanical series No. 1 by J.C. Lindeman (Utrecht) CONTENTS GENERAL PART CHAPTER I. Introduction. 1 ....... Literature 2 Methods 5 ......... Terminology 7 ......... Vernacular 9 names ........ Value of vernacular names 12 The soil. 14 .......... The climate 18 CHAPTER II. AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS 21 General remarks 21 Difficulties with herbaceous vegetation; illumination effects. 22 results 25 Interpretation ........ and 25 Mangrove swamps ....... Savannas 26 ......... Forests 27 SPECIAL PART CHAPTER III. DESCRIPTION OF THE LANDSCAPE IN THE INVESTIGATED AREAS 28 I. Wia- Transect from Moengo tapoe to the ‘Wiawiabank’ or wia flat 28 The saline coastal belt 29 . articulatus and Machaerium Typha-Cyperus swamp lunatum scrub 31 ........ Third to sixth with Cereus wood ridge , . 31 . Leersia hexandra and 32 swamps Erythrina glauca groves . Second series of ridges and 33 Cyperus giganteus swamps . The old ridges beyond km 9.5 34 II The 35 swaying swamps ....... The oldest and the savannas 37 ridges ..... II. Coronie 38 of the road 38 Brackish North . area . and fresh-water South of the road 39 Ridge complex swamp Third and fourth line 40 Totness 40 III. Nickerie 41 belt and brackish North of the Nickerie Mangrove swamps River 41 Fresh-water area South of the Nickerie River 44 ... IV. Tibiti 45 CHAPTER IV. MANGROVE AND STRAND 46 . ... I. belts the lower the rivers 46 Mangrove along part of . along rivers outside Suriname 48 Mangrove . and other 49 Epiphytes accompanying species ... II. Coastal 50 mangrove ........ Regressing coast 50 Accrescent 50 coast . Accompanying species ....... 53 Mixed forest 54 mangrove ...... -
Plantas RECOMENDACIONES PARA LA CONSERVACIÓN Especializadas
.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................no. 27 ....................................................................................................................... 27 Perú: Tapiche-Blanco Perú:Tapiche-Blanco Instituciones participantes/ Participating Institutions The Field Museum Centro para el Desarrollo del Indígena Amazónico (CEDIA) Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP) Servicio Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas por el Estado (SERNANP) Servicio Nacional Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre (SERFOR) Herbario Amazonense de la Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana (AMAZ) Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Centro de Ornitología y Biodiversidad (CORBIDI) -
Allometric Models to Estimate Tree Height in Northern Amazonian Ecotone Forests
ACTA AMAZONICA http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392201801642 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Allometric models to estimate tree height in northern Amazonian ecotone forests Reinaldo Imbrozio BARBOSA1*, Perla Natalia RAMÍREZ-NARVÁEZ2, Philip Martin FEARNSIDE3, Carlos Darwin Angulo VILLACORTA2, Lidiany Camila da Silva CARVALHO2,4 1 Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Coordenação de Dinâmica Ambiental (CODAM), Núcleo de Pesquisas de Roraima (NPRR), Rua Coronel Pinto 315 – Centro, 69301-150 Boa Vista, Roraima, Brasil. 2 Universidade Federal de Roraima (UFRR), Programa de Pós-graduação em Recursos Naturais (PRONAT), Av. Cap. Ene Garcez 2413 - Bairro Aeroporto, 69304-000 Boa Vista, Roraima, Brasil. 3 Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Coordenação de Dinâmica Ambiental (CODAM), Av. André Araújo 2936, 69 067-375 Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil. 4 University of Exeter, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter, Devon, UK, EX4 4SB * Corresponding author: [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT Allometric models defining the relationship between stem diameter and total tree height in the Amazon basin are important because they refine the estimates of tree carbon stocks and flow in the region. This study tests different allometric models to estimate the total tree height from the stem diameter in an ecotone zone between ombrophilous and seasonal forests in the Brazilian state of Roraima, in northern Amazonia. Stem diameter and total height were measured directly in 65 recently fallen trees (live or dead). Linear and nonlinear regressions were tested to represent the D:H relation in this specific ecotone zone. Criteria for model selection were the standard error of the estimate (Syx) and the adjusted coefficient of determination (R²adj), complemented by the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). -
Compexo Ecclinusa Guianensis (Sapotaceae, Chrysophylloideae): Uma Abordagem Morfológica, Ecológica E Espectral
INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA – INPA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS (BOTÂNICA) COMPEXO ECCLINUSA GUIANENSIS (SAPOTACEAE, CHRYSOPHYLLOIDEAE): UMA ABORDAGEM MORFOLÓGICA, ECOLÓGICA E ESPECTRAL TATIANA CRISTINA ROTTA DE CARVALHO Manaus, Amazonas Agosto, 2017 TATIANA CRISTINA ROTTA DE CARVALHO COMPEXO ECCLINUSA GUIANENSIS (SAPOTACEAE, CHRYSOPHYLLOIDEAE): UMA ABORDAGEM MORFOLÓGICA, ECOLÓGICA E ESPECTRAL ORIENTADOR: MÁRIO HENRIQUE TERRA ARAUJO Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências Biológicas, área de concentração Botânica. Manaus, Amazonas Agosto, 2017 ii iii C331c Carvalho, Tatiana Cristina Rotta de Complexo Ecclinusa guianensis (Sapotaceae, Chrysophylloideae): uma abordagem morfológica, ecológica e espectral/ Tatiana Cristina Rotta de Carvalho. - Manaus: [s.n.], 2017, 85 f.: il. Dissertação (Mestrado) --- INPA, Manaus, 2017. Orientador: Terra-Araujo, Mário Henrique Área de concentração: Botânica 1. Complexo de espécies. 2. Taxonomia. 3. Sistemática. 4. Morfologia. 5. NIR. I. Título. CDD:580 Sinopse: Este estudo baseia-se em um complexo de Ecclinusa guianensis, onde a espécie apresenta dois morfotipos distintos na região de Manaus e não reconhecidos em literatura. Com base em evidências morfológicas, espectrais e geográficas avaliou-se a existência de um ou mais táxons. Palavras-chave: complexo de espécies, taxonomia, sistemática, morfologia, NIR. iv AGRADECIMENTOS Ao longo destes dois anos e meio de mestrado -
Yapacana National Park
Conservation Status of Yapacana National Park Special Report Rodolfo Castillo Viviana Salas September 2007 Cite as: Castillo R. & V. Salas. 2007. Conservation Status of Yapacana National Park. Special Report. In: BioParques: Parkswatch Program (www.bioparques.org). Translation: Viviana Salas. BioParques Yapacana National Park TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS...................................................................................................................1 1. Summary .....................................................................................................................................3 1.1. Description ............................................................................................................................3 1.2. Biodiversity............................................................................................................................3 1.3. Illegal mining in Yapacana National Park .............................................................................3 2. Description..................................................................................................................................4 2.1. Geography ............................................................................................................................4 2.2. Biodiversity............................................................................................................................6 2.3. Management .......................................................................................................................11 -
Typifications in Neotropical Sapotaceae
PhytoKeys 170: 45–69 (2020) A peer-reviewed open-access journal doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.170.54718 RESEARCH ARTICLE https://phytokeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Typifications in neotropical Sapotaceae Anderson Alves-Araújo1,2, Quélita dos Santos Moraes2, Renara Nichio-Amaral1, Victor Santos Miranda1 1 Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo-UFES, Rodovia BR 101 Norte, Km 60, São Mateus-ES, Brazil 2 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Av. Transnordestina s.n., Feira de Santana-BA, Brazil Corresponding author: Anderson Alves-Araujo ([email protected]) Academic editor: G. Shimizu | Received 25 May 2020 | Accepted 28 November 2020 | Published 21 December 2020 Citation: Alves-Araújo A, dos Santos Moraes Q, Nichio-Amaral R, Miranda VS (2020) Typifications in neotropical Sapotaceae. PhytoKeys 170: 45–69. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.170.54718 Abstract Sapotaceae is historically known as having a tricky and challenging taxonomy due to tangled morphologic heterogeneity. Consequently, this resulted in a large number of described genera and binomials. After Pennington’s Flora Neotropica work, several of those nomenclature issues were resolved. Nevertheless, many binomials remain unsolved and up for typification. Thus, following the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi and Plants, we propose 74 new lectotype designations, four of these are second-step typifications. Keywords Ericales, historical botany, lectotypification, nomenclature Introduction Sapotaceae has 65–70 genera with around 1,250 species and is an important plant component from tropical regions in the world (Swenson et al. 2020). It is an economi- cally interesting family by providing latex-derived products such as gutta-percha and chewing gum, valuable and durable timber and edible fruits (Pennington 1990, 1991).