Colds: Prevention and Treatment

Vol. XX March, II/05 No. 3

If you are interested in the Prevention and Cure of Pulmonary Tuberculosis, you should read— “jOURNAL of the OUTDOOR LIFE” of Saranac Lake, N. r.

An idea of the character and scope of "THE OUTDOOR LIFE" and of the eminence of its medical contributors may be gained from the following titles of a few of the articles that have appeared in its columns:— Fracastorius on Contagion in Phthisis - - - - - William Oster, M. D. Professor of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, i889-t9o5 and Regius Professor of Medicine, Oxford University, 1905. Sleeping Out- - - - E, L. Trudeau, M. D. President of National Association for the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis. Dangers of Overexercise - - - - Vincent Y. Bowditch, M. D. Visiting Physician to Massachusetts State Sanatorium and Physician in charge of Sharon Sanatorium. Hints and Helps - - . - - - Charles L. Minor, M. D. Director in National Association for the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis. Laboratory Work - - - E. R. Baldwin, M. D. Director of Saranac Laboratory for the Study of Tuberculosis, Saranac Lake, N. Y. Change of Climate - - - - - Frederick I. Knight, M. D. Consulting Physician to Massachusetts General Hospital. The Patient's Duty - - - - - S. A. Knopf, M. 0. Visiting Physician to Riverside Sanatorium, New York City. The Danger Time in Tuberculosis Robert H. Babcock, M. D. Professor of the Diseases of the Heart and Lungs, Northwestern University, Chicago. "Lean-Tos" at the Loomis Sanatorium Annex - - Herbert Mason King, M. D. Physician-in-chief at the Loomis Sanatorium, Liberty, N. Y. Denver as a `Resort for Pulmonary Patients - - S. G. Bonney, M. D. Dean of Medical Department and Professor of Medicine, Denver and Gross College of Medicine, Denver University, Colorado. "THE OUTDOOR LIFE" is published at the Adirondack Cottage Sanitarium, Saranac Lake, N. Y., an institution conducted on philanthropic lines and not for profit. It is impossible to furnish all back numbers of "THE OUTDOOR LIFE," but those that we have may be obtained for to cents per copy. "THE OUTDOOR LIFE" may be obtained only through subscription. Six months' trial sub- scription will be sent for 50 cents. "Journal of the Outdoor Life" Saranac Lake, N. r.

Vegetarian Cook Book Colds: By E. G. FULTON Their Causes, Prevention, For several years the manager of vegetarian restaurants and Cure in several cities. This book is the result of his study and practical demonstrations, and contains recipes suitable for By DR. GEO. H. HEALD the family bill of fare, as well as for receptions and banquets. 'There are recipes for- A SIMPLE, common sense treatise on a very important 13 Bakery and Breakfast Dishes, 11 Beverages, subject, in the inimitable style 11 Cakes, 13 Cereals, 25 Egg 'Dishes, 110 of the Editor of LIFE AND Entrees, 7 Kinds Nut Butter, 13 Pies, HEALTH. 38 Puddings, 31 Salads, 13 Salad `Dressings, 66 Soups, 26 Sauces, Every one is subject to a cold, 18 Toasts, 76 Vegetables and oftentimes the affection is thought to be " only a cold " when it is much more serious. ,at Price, bound in cloth, 75 cents ,P1 Even a cold should have imme- LIBERAL TERMS TO AGENTS diate and intelligent attention, and this book will tell you just Address, what to do. REVIEW & HERALD PUBLISHING ASSN., A neatly bound brochure. 222 North Capitol St., Washington, D. C., and Price, 25 cents Battle Creek, Mich., or Address — PACIFIC PRESS PUBLISHING COMPANY, Review & Herald Publishing Assn. Oakland, Cal. 1222 North Capitol St., Washington, D. C. Kansas City, Mo. Portland, Ore. CONTENTS FOR MARCH

SaIDIDIV IVIIHNHD General Hygiene, Mrs. E. G. White 61 Colds, Frederick M. Rossiter, M. D 64 Revolutionary Dietetics 67 Cattle Feeding, J. E. Froom, M. D. 7o The Prevention of Influenza, Chicago Health Bulletin 71 THE MEDICAL MISSIONARY AT WORK Wahroonga Sanitarium, D. H. Kress, M. D. 72 Leicester, England — Belfast, Ireland — Maritzburg, Natal, South Africa — Kolo, Basutoland —Fiji Islands — Tokyo, Japan — Japanese Surgery — Work- ers Together with Him 72-74 Mission Notes 74' 75 HEALTHFUL COOKERY The Mistress of a Household, Mrs. M. H. Tuxford 76 Menu for March, Mrs. M. H. Tuxford 77 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS, G. A. Hare, M. S., M. D. 79 EDITORIAL 81- 84 Physical Basis of Crime — Extreme Positions — Microbe Maniacs — Regarding Ventilation — All Roads Lead to Rome -- One Way to Cure a Cold -- What Is the Motive? BOOKS Physiological Economy in Nutrition 85 Home Care of the Sick 86 NEWS NOTES 87 PUBLISHERS' PAGE 90

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"Something better is the law of all true living." I 'o . Washington, D. C., March, 1905 No. 3 General Hygiene

Mrs. E. G. White

THE knowledge that man is to be a Inaction of any organ of the body temple for God, a habitation for the re- hinders the flow of the vital fluid. The vealing of his glory, should be the high- blood becomes impure, and disease fol- est incentive to the care and development lows. Besides the physical effect, foul of our physical powers. Fearfully and blood clouds the mental and spiritual wonderfully has the Creator wrought in faculties, and arouses and strengthens the human frame, and he bids us make the evil passions. it our study, understand its needs, and Respiration act our part in preserving it from harm In order to have good blood, we must and defilement. breathe well. Full, deep inspirations, The Circulation of the Blood which fill the lungs with oxygen, purify In order to have good health, we must and electrify the blood. They impart to have good blood ; for the blood is the cur- it a bright color, and send it, a life-giving rent of life. It repairs waste, and nour- current, to every part of the body. A ishes the body. When cleansed and good respiration soothes the nerves; it vitalized by contact with pure air, it stimulates the appetite, and renders carries life and vigor to every part of digestion more perfect; and it induces the system. The more perfect the cir- sound, refreshing sleep. culation, the better will this work be The lungs should be allowed the accomplished. greatest freedom possible. Their ca- At every pulsation of the heart, the pacity is developed by free action; it blood should make its way quickly and diminishes if they are cramped and easily to all parts of the body. Its cir- compressed. Hence the ill ' effects of culation sbould not be hindered by tight the practise so common, especially in clothing or bands, or by insufficient sedentary pursuits, of stooping at one's clothing of the extremities. Whatever work. In this position it is impossible hinders the circulation forces the blood to breathe deeply. Superficial breathing back to the, vital organs, producing con- soon becomes a habit, and the lungs lose gestion. Headache, cough, palpitation their power to expand. A similar effect of the heart, or indigestion, is often the is produced by tight lacing. Sufficient result. room is not given to the lower part of 62 LIFE AND HEALTH

the chest; the abdominal muscles, which Ventilation and Sunlight were designed to aid in breathing, do not have full play, and the lungs are In the construction of buildings, restricted in their action. whether for public purposes or as Thus an insufficient supply of oxygen dwellings, care should be taken to pro- is received. The blood moves sluggishly. vide for good ventilation and plenty of The waste, poisonous matter, which sunlight. should be thrown off in the exhalations Churches and schoolrooms are often from the lungs, is retained, and the faulty in this respect. Neglect of proper blood becomes impure. ventilation is responsible for much of Not only the lungs, but the stomach, the drowsiness and dulness that destroy liver, and brain are affected. The skin the effect of many a sermon, and make becomes sallow, digestion is retarded; the teacher's work toilsome and in- the heart is depressed; the brain is effective. clouded ; the thoughts are confused; So far as possible, all buildings in- gloom settles upon the spirits ; the whole tended for human habitation should be system becomes depressed and inactive, on high ground. This will insure a dry and peculiarly susceptible to disease. site, and prevent the danger of disease from dampness and miasma. This Pure c4ir The lungs are constantly throwing off matter is often too lightly regarded. impurities, and they need to be con- Continuous ill health, serious diseases, stantly supplied with fresh air. Impure and many deaths result from the damp- air does not afford the necessary supply ness and malaria of low-lying, ill- of oxygen, and the blood passes to the drained situations. brain and other organs without being In the building of houses it is es- vitalized. Hence the necessity of pecially important to secure thorough thorough ventilation. To live in close, ventilation and plenty of sunlight. Let ill-ventilated rooms, where the air is there be a current of air and an abun- dead and vitiated, weakens the entire dance of light in every room in the system. It becomes peculiarly sensitive house. Air is even more essential to life to the influence of cold, and a slight than is food, but it must be kept in exposure induces disease. It is close circulation in order to be pure. confinement indoors that makes many Sleeping-rooms should be so arranged women pale and feeble. They breathe as to have a free circulation of air day the same air over and over, until it be- and night. No room is fit to he occupied comes laden with poisonous matter as a sleeping-room unless it can be thrown off through the lungs and pores : thrown open daily to the air and sun- and impurities are thus conveyed to the shine. In most countries bedrooms need blood. to be supplied with conveniences for In the evening extra clothing may be heating, that they may be thoroughly necessary, to guard against chilliness ; warmed and dried in cold or wet and one should be careful not to sit in a weather. It is not wise economy to draft or in a cold room when weary, or stint one's self of air and sunshine, of when in a perspiration. But all should warmth and comfort. so accustom themselves to fresh, pure air The guest-chamber should have equal that they will not be affected by slight care with the rooms intended for con- changes of temperature. stant use. Like the other bedrooms, it GENERAL HYGIENE 68 should have air and sunshine, and the body through the skin. Its millions should be provided with some means of of pores are quickly clogged unless kept heating, to dry out the dampness that clean by frequent bathing, and the im- always accumulates in a room not in purities which should pass off through constant use. Whoever sleeps in a sun- the skin become an additional burden to less room, or occupies a bed that has not the other eliminating organs. been thoroughly dried and aired, does Whether in sickness or in health, we so at the risk of health, and often of can not safely neglect frequent bathing. life. Most persons would receive benefit from In building, many make careful pro- a cool or tepid bath every day, morning vision for their plants and flowers. The or evening. Instead of increasing the greenhouse or window devoted to their liability to take cold, a bath, properly use is warm and sunny; for without taken, fortifies against cold, because it warmth, air, and sunshine, plants would improves the circulation ; the blood is not live and flourish. If these conditions brought to the surface, and a more easy are necessary to the life of plants, how and regular flow is obtained. The mind much more necessary are they for our and the body are alike invigorated. The own health and that of our families and muscles become more flexible, the in- guests! If we take such care for the tellect is made brighter. The bath is a inanimate things of nature, should we soother of the nerves. Bathing helps the not have even greater care for ourselves bowels, the stomach, and the liver, and for those who are dear to us? giving health and energy to each, and it If we would have our homes the promotes digestion. abiding-place of health and happiness, It is important also that the clothing we must give free entrance to heaven's be kept clean. The garments worn ab- life-giving agencies. Dispense with sorb the waste matter that passes off heavy curtains, open the windows and through the pores; if they are not fre- the blinds, allow no vines, however quently changed and washed, the im- beautiful, to shade the windows, and purities will be reabsorbed. permit no trees to stand so near the Every form of uncleanliness tends to house as to shut out the sunshine. The disease. Death-producing germs abound sunlight may fade the drapery and the in dark, neglected corners, in decaying carpets, and tarnish the picture-frames ; refuse, in dampness and mold and must. but it will bring a healthy glow to the No waste vegetables or heaps of fallen cheeks of the children. leaves should be allowed to remain near ,Those who have the aged to provide the house, to decay and poison the air. for should remember that these espe- Nothing unclean or decaying should be cially need warm, comfortable rooms. tolerated within the home. In towns or Vigor declines as years advance, leaving cities considered perfectly healthful, less vitality with which to resist un- many an epidemic of fever has been healthful influences; hence the greater traced to decaying matter about the necessity for the aged to have plenty of dwelling of some careless householder. sunlight, and fresh, pure air. Perfect cleanliness, plenty of sunlight, Cleanliness attention to sanitation in every detail of Scrupulous cleanliness is essential to the home life, are essential to freedom both physical and mental health. Im- from disease and to the cheerfulness and purities are constantly thrown off from vigor of the inmates of the home. Colds

Frederick V. Rossffer, cfJ4l. D.

WHILE colds may and do occur at all quickly by pneumonia, pleurisy, attacks seasons of the year, they are especially of acute gastro-intestinal indigestion, prevalent in the late fall and during the diseases of the kidneys, the liver, the early spring, due largely to the effect pelvic organs, and the nerves. of sudden changes in temperature upon As a matter of fact, persons who have a susceptible body. frequent colds are those who spend most Colds are indications on the dial of of their time indoors. Few colds are health of a lowered vitality. An indi- contracted in the open air, in wind or vidual who literally puts, on "small storm, that is, when the person is in mo- airs," carelessly or otherwise, and con- tion. People who sit in a poorly ven- tracts a cold, pays the penalty for his tilated or overheated church or theater folly at once. This is a time when sen- are much more likely to suffer from tence against an evil work is not delayed, colds than they would if standing in but is promptly executed, with the prom- the rain, watching a football game. The ise of "more to follow" if the delin- poisoned air poisons the blood and the quent does not mend his ways. nerve-centers, and so interferes with the A cold, whether it be "in the head," mechanism that maintains a normal cir- "in the throat," or "on the lungs," is a culation. It is a fact well known to congestion of the mucous membrane many that a person accustomed to sleep- of the parts affected, due to a sud- ing in the open air during the summer den chilling of the skin, either gen- and fall is very apt to catch cold the eral or local. Because of the exhaustion first night he sleeps indoors. of the nerve-centers, the skin fails to It has been said that a cold is a filth react, disturbing the balance of the disease. From the forgoing facts this blood, so that one part contains two lit- would seem to be true. But it may be tle blood, while some other part (usually demonstrated in other ways. Those who internal organs) has too much. The habitually overeat are much greater suf- part of the body that has the least re- ferers from colds and catarrh, due to sistance suffers most. This is usually the accumulated poisons and waste in some part of the mucous membrane. the tissues. Lack pf bathing is a more Colds are the earliest and the simplest common cause than too frequent bath- manifestation of disease, and are a warn- ing. An inactive skin = which may be ing that more severe measures will soon due to lack of exercise, lack of "cutane- follow if the health is not guarded, and ous gymnastics," uncleanliness, the ab- the body put in a proper state of re- sorption of poisons paralyzing the nerve sistance. endings and preventing the transmis- The healthy body is always in a state sion of proper impulses to the heat-reg- of defense, and is prepared to resist any ulating centers — offers many inviting attack from without. Disease can begin temptations to a "cold." its devastation only when the vital re- There are many other conditions that sistance is lowered. render one susceptible to colds. Per- Colds go hand in hand with exhaus- sons who have engaged in vigorous ex- tion of the vital forces, and are followed ercise? perspiring freely, even saturating COLDS 65 the garments next to the skin, and who Sufficient refreshing sleep, wholesome then remain inactive, or sit down or food, and an active condition of all the stand in the cold or in the wind, have eliminative organs will do much to in- a good opportunity to "catch a cold." sure against colds. The exposure of a small portion of the The most effective, inexpensive, easily body, like the back of the neck, the sur- applied, within-the-reach-of-all measure face between the shoulders, or the chest, for preventing colds and for maintain- to a "blade of cold air" from a key- ing the integrity of the skin, is the cold hole or a crack, or a window let down plunge, the cold sponge, or the shower- from above, is a frequent cause of a bath, taken upon rising in the morning. cold. If we could become as accustomed Of all tonics, medical or otherwise, this to "facing the wind" with the back of one is unexcelled and unequaled. It the neck as we do with the face, we can be had without money and without should not be afraid of drafts. Who price. Just as the morning shower re- ever thinks of contracting a cold because juvenates and refreshes all nature, so a wind blows on the face ? Yet every the morning bath invigorates the body. part can he made to resist cold just as The morning bath imparts a new fra- well as the face. A big wind is not as grance, a delicious aroma, to life, just as dangerous as a little one coming through decidedly as a cool shower intensifies the a window. The wearing of low shoes sweetness of the flower. or of thin-soled ones in cold weather, No elaborate appliance or costly thus chilling the feet and ankles, and shower apparatus, not even a bath-tub, failure to properly protect the feet from is necessary in order that one may en- dampness, come in for a good share of joy the luxury. A basin, a quart of the responsibility of taking cold. cold water, and a rough towel will give Overwork and lack of sleep reduce perfect results. Those who systemat- the vitality in an astonishingly short ically engage in this form of "cutane- time, and are a prolific cause of colds. ous gymnastics" will not feel the neces- Those who habitually have cold hands sity of burdening the body with extra and feet easily take cold. Muffling the layers of garments as the cold weather neck in winter is an injurious practise, comes on. for it causes relaxation of the skin. The If parents watched the feet of chil- garments about the throat are moistened dren more carefully during cold with perspiration, the evaporation of weather, warming the feet when cold, which chills the skin, and a cold is often and changing stockings and shoes when the sequence, frequently developing into wet, much sickness would be avoided. the most aggravated and serious type. GENERAL.— A cold should be taken in The free use of alcoholic beverages par- hand at once, and summarily dealt with. alyzes the vasomotor nerves of the skin, It is no trivial matter, and therefore causing one to become peculiarly suscep- to be neglected. It is very frequently tible to colds of various types. the forerunner of tuberculosis, pneumo- The Treatment of Colds nia, pleurisy, chronic catarrh, rheuma- PREVENTIVE.— Any measure that tism, and other diseases. builds up the system and increases the When we speak of "breaking up a vital resistance will increase the natural cold" we mean, physiologically, that the defenses of the body against cold, as circulatory equilibrium of the blood well as against other diseases. must be re-established. But a cold can LIFE AND HEALTH not be "broken up" after having a start taking pains to keen it hot,— and drink of twenty-four or thirty-six hours. It hot lemonade or hot water. The body then runs a definite course, but may be should be wrapped with a blanket, and mitigated in its results by proper treat- a towel wet in cold water put around the ment. head. This treatment should be con- The common rule of trying to break tinued until very free perspiration is in- up colds with quinine and calomel, or duced, then wrap up in a warm sheet hot whisky or brandy, can not be too se- and go to bed. The cold wet-sheet pack, verely condemned. This treatment is continued for one or two hours,. or the not only irrational and unscientific; but hot-blanket pack, continued until free it never breaks up a cold, and further- perspiration is induced, are effective more it predisposes to more colds. As measures for combating an inflamma- a matter of scientific fact, both quinine tion of a mucous membrane. and brandy or whisky not only increase LOCAL TREATMENT.— When a severe tissue waste, but diminish the elimina- cold in the head has been contracted, tion of the same, the very conditions the fulness may be relieved by applying that favor colds. Then, again, the the- a hot compress across the face for a few ory expressed in the trite and popular minutes, following this-with a cold com- saying, "Stuff a cold and starve a fever," press for twenty minutes, and an ice-bag should be relegated to oblivion. A cold at the back of the head and neck. is a fever, and should be treated as such. For a cold in the throat, give the The various measures that may be treatment already described several times employed in the beginning of a cold to a day, and at night put on a cold com- re-establish the circulation are the fol. press of cheese-cloth, wrung dry, and lowing, which may be varied according covered with two thicknesses of flannel. to the needs and the surroundings of This compress should fit snugly. the patient : — Local applications in the form of 1. Take vigorous exercise, as a long sprays and inhalations are useful ad- walk for one or two hours, a good run, juncts in the treatment of colds. Men- a bicycle ride, or stand in the open air thol, camphor, and eucalyptus are three and take slowly one hundred deep in- excellent preparations, and can all be spirations, rising on tiptoe each time. administered in the form of sprays by All forms of vigorous exercise should be inhalers, nebulizers, and vaporizers. In followed by a cold shower or a cold order to make these preparations effec- sponge bath with vigorous friction. tual in the treatment of colds, they 2. If taken in time, a cold may be should be used from five to ten minutes checked by drinking several glasses of several times a day. water, either hot or cold ; and the re- sults are almost perfect if with this the 3* bowels are moved freely, and then "IN dealing with bodily disease, the twenty-four hours are spent in bed. wise physician, while he may make his Most persons would prefer to have a diagnosis absolute, always recognizes an moderate cold than to rest for a day; element of uncertainty in his prognosis. nevertheless this will save much time `While there is life, there is hope,' he and inconvenience in the end. says. He might add, 'While there is 3. A very effectual way of dealing hope, there is life.' Hope has healed with a cold is to take a hot foot-bath,— more diseases than any medicine." Revolutionary Dietetics

For years scientists have maintained person requires more than one hundred that the body, in order to continue in grams of protein daily. health Ltnd efficiency, must be supplied Mr. Fletcher discovered that by with protein or nitrogenous matter to thorough mastication he could keep in the amount of one hundred and ten to excellent condition with about one third one hundred and twenty-five grams, with of the amount of proteid and less than other foods sufficient to furnish about one half of the amount of other food three thousand calories of heat. ordinarily supposed to be necessary for These results have been reached partly good health. He demonstrated this to by observing the amount of food actually the satisfaction of Sir Michael Foster in consumed by people in various occupa- England and of Prof. R. H. Chittenden tions,— by people differing in age, race, in America. sex, and other conditions. These ob- His health was greatly improved by servations (many of which were con- his new dietetic habits, and he attributed ducted by Professor Atwater and his the improvement largely, if not entirely, associates under the auspices of the to the practise of thorough mastication. United States Department of Agricul- Nutrition Irebestigations at Yale ture) show that where the diet is not Professor Chittenden was inclined to restricted by poverty or inability to believe that Mr. Fletcher's improvement secure certain foods, the practise of the was due to the decrease in the quantities people generally is to use foods in about of food,— especially of the nitrogenous the quantities indicated by the standards food,— rather than to the thorough given above. mastication. This led him to inaugurate The inference is that the instincts lead the extensive experimental work which to a consumption of about what the system needs ; and the fact that under is recorded in his recent book, "Physio- logical Economy in Nutrition," and like conditions nearly every one eats which seems to sustain Professor Chitten- about the same amount of nutriment, leads to the conclusion that this amount den in his supposition that thorough mastication was not the most important is just about what ought to be eaten. factor in Mr. Fletcher's improvement. Professor Chittenden, as quoted below, By a series of experiments, in which does not believe this is sound reasoning, the number and the diversity of the and he proves conclusively that it has led to a very serious error regarding the men experimented upon, the carefulness amount of food necessary to support life. in all details, and the remarkable uni- formity in the results add great weight But as we shall see later, he himself uses this same kind of reasoning in regard to to his conclusions, he shows that men do not need the large quantities of food, another matter. especially of proteid food, usually con- There has been more or less experi- sidered necessary, and that they are mental work by other investigators, in- dicating that a much smaller quantity of better off on a much smaller allowance. food may be amply sufficient for the Undesigned Testimony needs of the body ; but these have never The important arguments usually had sufficient weight to change the urged in favor of a mixed diet are : — opinion of physiologists that the average 1. That in order to secure sufficient • 68 LIFE AND HEALTH proteid from a vegetarian diet, it is twee of all symptoms. The writer is necessary to overburden the digestive firmly of the opinion that ordinary gout organs. and rheumatism are entirely preventable 2. That man has become so accustomed by reasonable care and judgment in the to a flesh diet that a change would dis- matter of diet." The importance of arrange the digestive system and prove this testimony will be understood when injurious. it is remembered that the cutting down 3. That vegetable proteid is not so of proteid or nitrogenous foods in these well utilized by the body as animal experiments meant the cutting off of the proteid. greater part of the meat supply. Professor Chittenden's book unde- " The writer's opinion upon this ques- signedly gives some strong arguments tion has been greatly strengthened by against these positions. the large numbers of letters he has re- 1. Man requires only one half to one ceived — during the course of this third as much proteid as has been sup- inquiry — from persons all over the posed, and this is easily obtained from world, many of whom in their search for a non-meat diet. health have adopted more frugal methods 2. Some of the experiences related by of living, and have found relief in an Professor Chittenden show the fallacy abstemiousness which, compared with of the second argument. Mr. Beers, ordinary dietetic standards, would seem mentioned below, was one of the sub- inadequate to support life; yet they jects of the experimental work at Yale. have recovered health and strength, and "Mr. Beers came to the writer for ad- by the judicious practise of physiological vice as to possible ways of improving economy in their diet have maintained his health, and when it was learned that health and vigor, with capability for he was in the habit of eating large work that has proved a perpetual sur- amounts of meat, the suggestion was prise to themselves and their friends." made to him that it might be wise to 3. Part of the experimental work ascertain the effect of a diminished seemed' to indicate that vegetable pro- quantity of proteid food; and, as a result, teids may be used by the system to much Mr. Beers began to cut down the amount better advantage than has been gener- of meat consumed daily. The effect of ally supposed. I quote from Professor this abstention was so noticeable that Chittenden's comments on the results of voluntarily all meat was withdrawn from observations on Dr. Mendel : — his diet. With this change in dietary "Again we would call attention to the habits there came about a loss in body thorough utilization of the food in this weight, which, however, was soon re- experiment, emphasizing at the same gained." time the voluminous character of the Another testimony as to the effect of diet, together with its largely vegetable a reduction in the quantity of meat is nature. The contrast between the diet given in the following quotation from made use of by Dr. Mendel and that Mr. Chittenden 's book: "Several of the used by the subject of the first experi- persons under observation, who had ment is quite striking, since the latter troubles of a gouty and rheumatic employed a much more concentrated diet, nature in the past, have, during the with an average fuel value of only 1,600 course of the experiment, experienced re- calories. Yet with a total intake of lief, with complete and permanent abey- 57.343 grams of nitrogen for the seven REVOLUTIONARY DIETETICS 69 • days of Dr. Mendel's balance period, entirely loose from their surroundings 10.5 grams only passed out through the and times. We are all molded more than rectum, or 18.3 per cent, while in the we mold. nitrogen balance of the first subject, with Professor Chittenden has discarded the more concentrated diet, 17.1 per cent the generally accepted theory that man of the total ingested nitrogen appeared needs more than one hundred grams of in the feces. In view of the great protein per day. He was probably divergence in the character and volume doubtful on this point even before he of the intake, it is rather remarkable that met Mr. Fletcher. He has • seen the there should be so little difference in the fallacy of attempting to base estimates relative utilization of the two diets." of the quantity of food needed by man, [Italics ours.] on observations of his actual dietetic This is still more remarkable when habits. Is it any more reasonable to we consider that Dr. Mendel was not, by argue that man is adapted to eat a cer- practise, a vegetarian, and there is a tain article of food because a good pro- strong presumption that he did not portion of the human race is found to utilize the vegetarian products so closely ase that food ? as one would who had been for a long What is meant by the statement that time accustomed to a vegetarian diet. man is an omnivorous animal? To say This presumption is borne out by ex- he is omnivorous by practise signifies perimental work which shows that nothing. The fact that a large propor- habitual vegetarians digest vegetarian tion of mankind use some form of nar- foods with less waste in the feces than cotic is no argument that it is good for habitual meat eaters when placed tem- them. To prove that man is omnivorous porarily on a vegetarian diet. by nature, either from his anatomical relations with other animals or from the Remembering that the digestive or- account of creation, would be difficult. gans tend to form habits, and that an The only evidence in favor of man's unaccustomed diet, especially if it is being omnivorous is in the fact that we not relished, is likely to be more or find many men using flesh in consider- less detrimental, does not the fact that able quantities, and, as usually believed, in all these experimental studies there without injury to themselves. was a decided improvement in health and efficiency coincident with the decrease in And evidence is accumulating that meat consumption raise a strong query while man apparently thrives on a diet as to whether meat is beneficial or neces- including meat, a marked improvement sary to man ? usually follows a diminution or cessa- tion of the meat supply when the diet is The Natural Tendency of the Human Mind otherwise properly adjusted. The tendency to run in a rut is ob- Are we not warranted in asking servable even in those who have had Professor Chittenden how he knows man scientific training. Few men can cut is an omnivorous animal I Cattle Feeding

J. E. Froom, M. D.

THE subject presents to our minds ter-house, were never unloosed from the most pleasing pictures of rural life. short chain which held them to the feed Cattle on the Hills, The Lowing Herd, trough, where they seem to cease to be the dairyman's well-kept animals cattle, and by their repulsive environ- grazing in the meadow, Longfellow's ment, and their occupation of eating Barnyard Scene, all bring, in delight- liquid refuse, mixed with cottonseed ful review, worthy features of stock hulls or decomposed hay (so as to sup- farming, such as led Webster just be- ply bulk), they, like swine, eat and lie fore his death to have his favorite ox down, get up, grunt, stretch, and eat team driven past him, that he might and lie down, day after day, week after smell their smoky breath, and gaze once week. "But do you not provide them more into their kind, majestic faces. any means of exercise 7" I asked. The But these conceptions do not properly answer was that it was not a practical represent up-to-date methods of the thing to do, as they would run their preparation of beef for the mq1rket. flesh off, and moreover, confinement so These features still constitute an es- deteriorates their bones that they can sential part of the cattle industry, but in not support the heavy creatures if they producing much of the finished product gambol about, and that even their teeth for the meat-eating public, they are are loose and brittle. He said he once merely preparatory steps. saw a large steer of fourteen hundred A recent visit to one of the many im- pounds' weight, break both his front mense distilleries m Peoria, Ill., was legs by playfully jumping when he was impressive in all its details, but after loosed from the feeding shed to be the courteous foreman had finished a shipped to the packing-house. tour through the departments which In astonishment, some of our party successively displayed the steps em- expressed their opinion of the flesh of ployed in producing car-loads of whisky animals fattened under such conditions. and alcohol, in conversing upon their The foreman agreed that he would very, care in utilizing every by-product, and much prefer the cattle in the condition the material which would naturally be in which they receive them from the thrown away, he suggested that we visit Western range; but that the popular the cattle sheds, where, he said, they kept taste shows marked appreciation of the constantly on hand enough cattle to eat highly flavored, tender, veal-like beef, the liquid distillery waste, which con- fattened at the distilleries. In these tains some gluten. facts there is a clear explanation of the The condition and action of the cat- source of the stimulating properties in tle indicated that they had been long much of the American beef, and why confined, and I inquired concerning their many persons experience a temporary exercise and the time they were kept lack when they abruptly change to a there. Our guide stated that the cat- vegetarian diet. In these cattle, the tle were kept there from two to eight entire lack of exercise diminishes the months, and, until ready for the slaugh- excretory processes until the poisonous CATTLE FEEDING 71 animal waste is dammed back in their tainly the elaborate sheds in connection systems to the fullest limit. Think of with the Peoria distilleries would indi- using such flesh to make beef tea for a cate it. One shed alone was said to con- pneumonia patient whose life is in the tain twelve thousand head of cattle. balance. His condition calls for nutri- The Scripture says that " God hath tion, but such an extract, even though made man upright ; but they have administered by solicitous friends, is sought out many inventions;" and it truly an added weight,— a stone which is evident that man's inventions in this should not be added to his sinking con- commercial age have not only diverted dition. animals into a harmful way of living, The query will naturally arise as to and led by greed, he not only distils whether this method of feeding cattle whisky from corn which God created is followed to any great extent. I was for food, but he forcibly makes scaven- told that all the distilleries are in the gem of cleanly animals, and then sells cattle business on a large scale, as it them to the unsuspecting multitude of is almost clear profit to them, and cer- meat eaters.

44494+1.--.e.see. The Prevention of Influenza WHERE strict isolation has been pos- following the advice of a competent sible, as in certain institutions, the dis- physician. It is the worst folly to ease has seldom appeared; most risk of struggle on with work, and to attempt catching the disease is run in public to fight the disease — a plan that, al- buildings or ill-ventilated rooms of any though some come through successfully, sort, a street-car or railway carriage is nevertheless the cause of the loss of with closed windows not excepted. By many lives. This is of especial impor- "keeping out of the way of contagion" tance to those beyond middle age with is meant, among other things, avoiding crippled hearts, kidneys, or other vital close contact with one suffering from organs. the disease ; do not sleep in the same In some respects influenza resembles room, still less in the same bed, with consumption in its mode of propaga- such a sufferer, and do not use any ar- tion; therefore the same precautions ticle or utensil in common with him. with regard to the secretions from the All kinds of excesses in living, as well nose, mouth, and throat should be ob- as exposure and fatigue, invite attacks served. These secretions literally teem of the disease. All observers have testi- with the influenza bacillus, and they fied to its frequency and to its heavy should be immediately destroyed, or mortality, in the alcoholic particularly, thoroughly disinfected under the advice and also in the overworked and har- of the attending physician. The rooms, assed. They are further agreed that self-dosing with so-called influenza cures bedding, clothing, etc., of influenza pa- and specifics is not only useless, but tients should also be thoroughly disin- positively dangerous, and that mildness fected, and the Department will perform of attack and speedy recovery are best such disinfection whenever notified.— insured by taking to bed at once, and Chicago Health Bulletin. Wakroonga Sanitarium fluence in our midst, the Spirit of God has been enabled to impress many hearts, D. H. KRESS, M. D. and lead many minds to inquire regard- DURING the past six months the sani- ing the truths which distinguish us from tarium has had a good patronage, other people. averaging about thirty patients. As a A grocer and hjs wife, of Wahroonga, result we have been enabled to pay all were among our first patients. While our running expenses, including our at the sanitarium, they became ac- heavy interest, and have had a surplus quainted with the truth. After be- to use toward improvements, etc., ginning the observance of the Sabbath, amounting, on an average, to about he felt he must plan for the saving of seventy pounds a month. We have also his house. He sold out at Wahroonga, been enabled to devote one hundred and moved to Cooranbong, where his pounds toward paying off our indebted- children can have the advantages of a ness. We feel that we have much for Christian school. This is a very happy which to thank God. Certainly not one family, and its members greatly rejoice of his good promises has failed. in the truths brought to them. God has blessed the efforts of co- Many other interesting cases might operation with him in healing. Many be cited. About twelve are keeping the have been restored to health, and have Sabbath as a result of our sanitarium gone home to tell their friends of the work. The use of rational remedies, good they have received. This we con- and a cheerful, spiritual atmosphere, sider the best and most. honorable way with God's blessing, will accomplish of advertising our work. Letters of much. appreciation are being constantly re- ae ceived from former patients, telling of Leicestez, England continued progress. Our aim as work- THE medical missionary work is ma- ers has been to cultivate true godliness. king progress in the North England Con- While we do not feel we have fully at- ference. The sanitarium, although as tained our ideal, we are encouraged to yet not enjoying a large patronage, is press forward. more than paying its way, under the Nearly all the patients make mention labors of the Drs. Richards. Health of the Christian influence that pervades schools are being conducted in the dif- the place. Every one, they say, is so ferent cities, and thus the people are kind, cheerful, and thoughtful. This is becoming acquainted with the methods certainly as it should be. The love and and value of the sanitarium in treating union seen among God's people is their the sick. strength in the sight of the world. "By ae this shall all men know that ye are my disciples," said Christ. While no special Belfast, Ireland effort is made to urge doctrinal points DR. J. J. BELL, of the Belfast sanita- upon our patients, as a result of this in- rium, recently gave an interesting ad- THE MEDICAL MISSIONARY AT WORK 73 dress to the Edinburgh Vegetarian So- greatly blessed of God, we believe, in ciety. There was a good attendance, saving a number of lives. He also had and considerable interest was displayed an experience in nursing during the in the questions which followed the lec- three years he was a missionary on the ture. The doctor also spoke before the West Coast, before he became a Seventh- Glasgow Good Health League and the day Adventist. He accepted the truth Glasgow Vegetarian Society. there, resigned from the work, and went to Battle Creek for special instruction in a* the truth, both in Bible and in nursing. Maritzburg, Natal, South Africa MEETINGS are held in the health insti- Fiji Islands tute every Sunday afternoon, in which the patients take a lively interest. One WE have now entered another island gentleman. in the institute has given his of the Pacific with the truths of the heart to the Lord. This makes the third third angel's message. Brother Steven- during the last few weeks. The patients son has safely reached Rotuma, and has attend the Sabbath meetings at Sweet- written of the outlook for the work. He. waters. seems pleased with the prospects, and Mr. and Mrs. Armer have settled in says that he has been well received by their new health home. Circumstances the government commissioner. The is- over which the conference had no con- land of Rotuma is under the Fijian gov- trol obliged the closing of the treatment ernment. rooms, which gave such promise of suc- Brother Stevenson has been given the cess. The property was sold, and there privilege of carrying on his nursing, were no funds with which to start an- also simple surgical operations, as pull- other place. Brother Armer, therefore. ing teeth, lancing abscesses, etc. We decided that he' would not let this good are very glad that the Lord has led to work drop, and has opened an institute the opening up of the work here. on his own account. He is doing well. So* We wish this work success. Tokyo, Yapan ae THE development of the work in Kobe Kolo, Basutoland seems to indicate that they have moved THE missionaries have a great many none too soon. The addition to the san- opportunities to treat the sick, and find itarium is well under way ; but while it it a help in their work to be able is building, the nurses have given up to give the treatments. Those not of their rooms to patients, and Dr. Lock- their number, wild are under the influ- wood and Brother Burden are rooming ence of other missions, as well as those in the office. We rejoice in this pros- who attend the meetings at the mission, perity. come for help•. Mr. Chaney took the spe- ae cial course in nursing at Battle Creek, LET us not miss the meaning of and Mrs. Chaney spent a few months Christianity as it comes to us and there and in Chicago. During the last claims us. We are chosen, we are called, six years in Africa, Mr. Chaney has had not to die and be saved, but to live and an experience in that line, and has been save others.— VanDyke. 74 LEE AND HEALTH Japanese- Surgery founded and sustained by the combined effort of the London Mission, the Amer- THE war has led to a demonstration ican Board, and the Presbyterian Board, of the value of the surgical work of the Japanese, and it has been found that and is to cost $50,000. . . . It may show they prove remarkably skilful in their a great change of mind in the empress care of the wounded. that she indorses and supports a mis- One hospital ship returned to Japan sionary enterprise. Medical missions with two thousand two hundred wounded are proving the means of conciliating men aboard, and there was not a single and opening • the way to many minds death on the trip. Wounded Russian and hearts." prisoners have also received similar care. eke The temperate and simple habits of A NEW hospital was opened in the the Japanese prove a great aid to the English mission at Kabarole, the capital surgeons who have their wounded in of Toro, Uganda, Africa, last spring, charge.— Selected. and Dr. A. Bond writes : " During the epe past four months we have had over Workers Together with Him eighty in-patients. These have been from all classes, some being chiefs and To be glad of life and the privilege of chiefs' wives, others from among the service; poorest of the peasants. They also rep- To ask not for an easier life, but for resented eight different tribes. We have strength equal to my tasks; ten native boys in training as hospital To learn to smile though burdens seem assistants, their ages varying from heavy; twelve to eighteen. Our work is chiefly To remember always that God's pattern among Batoro, and we are very thankful of a beautiful life is made up of com- for what we have been able to do for monplace duties; them. Some come to us because of the To be loyal to the Great Physician, and loaves and fishes, but others seek to ready to do what he appoints; know the truth, and are led to Christ." To minister from love, and leave results with him; To prize his honor above worldly suc- "THE function of the medical mis- cess; sionary is that of the evangelist. He To so love that each soul that touches claims to be as truly a missionary, in mine, may be stronger for life's battle ; the ecclesiastical sense of the word, as To abide in him always, and rejoice in his ministerial brother; both have been his will,— educated and trained for the same great This is service, worship, rest. work, and both are equally unworthy of the name they bear if they fail to make — Charlotte Atkins, in National Hospital evangelistic work the great aim and ob- Record. ject of their pretense in the mission field." " THE dowager empress of China has given 10,000 taels, or $144,000, to the establishment of a medical college in A FRENCH missionary doctor in Af- Peking. It is a large institution, rica was setting out to visit a patient THE MEDICAL MISSIONARY AT WORK 75 when his little boy asked, " Papa, where German officials ; isolation with nursing are you going?" was necessary, and the missionaries are "I am going to see a little boy who the only people there able and willing is very sick ; are you not glad that your to render such service. papa can help the sick little boys?" "Yes," the child replied, "it's just like Jesus." THE first medical missionary from This child's remark suggests both the America — Dr. John Scudder — was work and the reward of the medical mis- sent to Ceylon in 1819. He later worked sionary. in India. His eight sons and many

St* grandsons and granddaughters have fol- lowed his example, and devoted their THE only religion that can really lives to the evangelization of India's do anything for me is the religion that millions. makes me want to do something for you.— VanDyke. IN Kashmir the native medical treat- ment is barbarous in the extreme. It THE first Chinaman licensed to prac- resolves itself into starving the patient tise medicine in California, Dr. Chang for five days, and if that does not effect A. Holt, of San Francisco, has just his recovery, then he is bled for the next passed the Board of Examiners. He is three or four days. a full-blooded Celestial, born in Canton twenty-six years ago, and studied medi- A TIBETAN afflicted with blindness cine in San Francisco. Dr. Holt, it • is made a two months' journey to the said, will return to his native land. He Kashmir hospital. He was confident is a Christian. that he was going to be healed. His sight was restored, and he went home taking the Word of God with him. A C. M. S. MISSIONARY in Japan says: se " Reader, do you realize that there are "AN old woman who was medically over forty-five thousand sick and treated and taught about Christ at the wounded in the military hospitals to- Stewart Memorial Hospital at Hing-hua, day ? that in Osaka alone they will soon in China, was asked what kind of a number more than ten thousand ? tha t place our Lord had gone to prepare. every facility is being given to Chris- She replied, `A hospital.' " tians to work among them ? in a word, that the opportunity is unique? If so, se will you not help us by your prayers? " THE gospel for a world of sin can not be preached by any except those who need it for themselves. An angel could THE Moravian Mission and the Berlin not deliver it aright. Its language is Mission to the north of Lake Nyassa always in the first person plural, draw- have each undertaken to open and super- ing the speaker and the hearers into vise two leper asylums. The existence a brotherhood of penitence and forgive- of leprosy attracted the attention of ness.— VanDyke. AND HOUSEHOLD SUGGESTIONS The Mistress of a Household

Mrs. M. H. Tuxford

(Concluded)

IF the mistress of the house has a tion of the kitchen, the servant's bed- clear idea of the work she wishes to have room, the pantry, etc., and lastly, and done, she can easily arrange the details by no means the least, the scrap tin and with the different workers, and the time garbage tin. The eye of the mistress is for each thing to be accomplished. worth two pair of hands, and she who Household work should always be done understands what ought to be will be in a woman's head before the hands med- able to discover waste from the begin- dle with it. ning, and to put an end to it before it Valuable, however, as a plan may be, becomes serious. Everything must be it must be borne in mind that it is only investigated, and she should make sure a means to an end — that end being the that her rules are obeyed. happiness, well-being, and comfort of all It is her duty to spend wisely, as well the members of the household. If, there- as to save, buying what is best suited to fore, circumstances should arise which the needs and tastes of the household, make adherence to this plan a hindrance and ordering nothing beyond her means. rather than a help, it should be tempo- At night she must see that the house is rarily abandoned. Persons are more securely shut in, both front and back, than things ; yet some mistresses are so and fires made safe for the night. wedded to their plans and methods that Nor is the work of the mistress fin- they make them a perfect burden to ished when the plan is arranged, and those about them. cleanliness and order have been secured cA Special 'Duty the little finishing touches, the tasteful It is the duty of the mistress to see arrangements, the provision for comfort that every part of the house is kept and pleasure, must all come from the clean. Dirt is degrading, besides lead- mistress herself, or be absent altogether. ing to disease. Every part of the house She must endeavor to make the rooms must receive her attention, and she comfortable, and as attractive as pos- should not limit her inspection to the sible to her children. All the coziness, showrooms of the house. In fact, a the home-feeling, and the soothing influ- model housewife will have no show- ences would be gone if these little things room. Not only should she inspect the were not attended to, and only bare util- bedrooms and living-rooms, but she ity would remain. There is the greatest should acquaint herself with the condi- difference between a room that is merely HEALTHFUL COOKERY 77 clean and kept in order by a servant, and the morning put them on to boil in the one in which the lady of the home takes same water. When half done, add one a. special, interest. medium-sized onion, press it well down in the center of the lentils ; remove the .Pro'bision Must be Made for the Weals onion, and press the lentils through a It is the duty of the mistress to order soup colander. Return them to the pan, meals with It careful forethought for and add sufficient boiling water to make the tastes of others, and for the necessi- two quarts. Season with salt, reheat to ties of their health, and to see that every boiling, and thicken with two tablespoon- one has what he desires, making him feel fuls of browned flour, rubbed to a cream that his tastes have been remembered. with a little cold water. A little lemon It is her duty also to do all that in her juice and red currant jelly is an addi- lies., by example, by influence, by encour- tional help to 'flavor; but the soup is agement, and by sympathy, to make very nice without. those around her virtuous and happy ; Vegetable Stew to permit no injustice to be done, even Cut neatly any vegetables, such as to the. lowest. Let the tone of the house one or two large Irish potatoes, two or be as happy as possible. To maintain three white turnips, one carrot, one a spirit of the home is not only to add onion (or use onion juice), a little squash, to its correct happiness, but to make all and one large mellow apple. When all duties comparatively light and easy. is well cooked, season with salt, and a tea- Cheerfulness is a distinct duty, and spoonful of dried sage. Then stir in however naturally depressed a mistress two tablespoonfuls of browned flour, may be, she ought to struggle against it rubbed smooth in a little cold water. in order not to crush the spirits of those Cook a few minutes, and serve hot. around her. To brown the flour, put some in your These -are some of the little things baking pan, being careful that the oven which make the difference between a is not too hot, stirring occasionally, and home and a lodging'; and for a woman when of a golden color, remove, allow to fail to make a home comfortable and to get cold, put away in glass jars, and happy, is a failure indeed. it is ready when required. Rice Cutlets 2vith Lentil Dressing Delicious rice cutlets can be made as Menu foz March follows: Fry two onions, grated (in an oiled pan), until brown, then put four Brown Lentil Soup tomatoes in the same pan, and cook until Vegetable Stew tender. Cook a small cupful of rice, Rice Cutliets with Lentil Dressing well done, but not soggy. Turn all into Spinach Souffle a basin, with a teaspoonful of finely chopped parsley, two ounces of bread Baked Potatoes crumbs, one egg, and salt to taste. Mix 'Biked Fig Pudding and Lemon Sauce well, turn out on a plate, and smooth elange of Fruits with a wet knife, cut into fingers, put M each one on an oiled baking dish after " Bro,,aln Lentil Soup being dipped in egg and bread crumbs. Pum a pint of lentils (after being well Cook in quick oven until nicely browned. washed) in water, to soak overnight. In Serve with lentil Or tomato dressing. 78 LIFE AND HEALTH

Lentil Dressing Melange of Fruits After you have rubbed your lentils To many, a mixture of several fruits through the soup strainer, reserve one is a novelty, and few know how to take large cupful for your dressing. Add tasteless winter pears, or an insipid one quart of boiling water, one or two watermelon, and combine it with fruits tablespoonfuls of browned flour, after possessing a fine flavor. In summer the being rubbed smooth in a little water. combinations are well-nigh endless. In After it has come to the boiling-point, winter, or if far removed from markets, add salt and a little garden thyme to one may use the Californian dessert flavor. This is a nice sauce to serve with fruits in cans. macaroni. Choose a can of Bartlett pears of Spinach Souffle home canning, if not, the Californian ones. To this add a small can of pine- Cook some spinach; drain perfectly apple and the juice of one small lemon. dry, and chop fine. Add a little flour, A fine canned peach or too, cut fine, is and season with salt. Beat the yolks of an additional flavor, but not necessary. three eggs with a little milk, and add Use the sirup from the pears. Very nice. to the spinach, season with salt; mix and place in a pie dish. Put into a hot oven, and bake until well puffed. Turn THERE came a child's shriek, and we out on to the serving dish, when the saw a small child in the yard dancing bottom of the souffle will be uppermost. about while he fought a cloud of wasps. In the meantime beat the whites of the His mother went to his aid with two wet eggs very stiff. Then pile the stiffly towels, beating the wasps away, and sent beaten whites on the tops of the spinach. her daughter after some onions. The Return to the oven until the white of little fellow was terribly stung, not only the egg is well set, and slightly colored. about the face, but all over his body ; If spinach is not in season, substitute for the wasps had crawled up his cabbage. trousers, and down his back. He was Baked Fig Pudding carried, writhing with pain, into the One cup of finely grated bread crumbs, house, where his mother had him un- one cup of hot (not boiling) rich milk, dressed and laid on a table. Each sting half a cup of chopped steamed figs, half was rubbed with a juicy slice of onion. a cup of honey or sugar, and one well- Presently the pain was assuaged, and the beaten egg. Beat all together, put in a little sufferer was sleeping.— Good deep dish, and bake until the custard is Housekeeping. set. Serve with lemon sauce. Lemon Sauce COOKERY is become an art, a noble One cup of boiling water, one level science; cooks are gentlemen.— Burton. tablespoonful of corn-starch, juice of one lemon, and sugar to taste. When the water boils, add the lemon juice and EVERY mouthful of food swallowed sugar. Mix the corn-starch smooth in a without appetite is an outrage against little cold water, and add to the boiling the stomach,— an outrage so fearful that water. Stir until it thickens, turn into every organ of the body is dulled and a pitcher, and serve with the pudding. deadened by it.— MacFadden. Conducted by George A. Hare, M. S., M. A, Iowa Circle, Washington, D. C.

[THIS department is designed to be a "Bureau of Information" on topics pertaining to health. To that end we invite questions from all our readers. Please give name and address. These will not be published if the writer prefers otherwise; but we can not pay any attention to unsigned communications.]

55. Limburger.—J. K. F., New Jersey: "Is 58. Rancid Olive-oil.— A subscriber: "1. Limburger cheese good to eat? If not, why?" Why does olive-oil sometimes burn the throat? Ans.— Limburger cheese, like any other 2. If it is because it is old, can it be freshened or sterilized by boiling?" cheese, contains a large amount of nourishment in a very concentrated form. It is not fit to Ans.— 1. Because it is old and rancid. go into the human stomach for the reason that 2. •The acrid taste is usually due to butyric it has undergone partial putrefaction, and this fermentation and other chemical substances renders it unfit for food. which have developed in the oil. Such oil is not made sweet nor sterilized by ordinary boiling, 56. Warts.— I. S. A., Pa.: "Will you for the reason that boiling olive-oil, and other please advise me how to get rid of warts? My son has quite a number on his hand. I have similar oils, produces in the oil various chemical tried various remedies, but without success." substances of a very irritating character, which give rise to throat burn and indigestion. Ans.—The best and quickest way to get rid Olive-oil is a splendid article of diet used in of a wart is to destroy it with a galvano- small amounts, but only the very best fresh oil cautery. A good physician can do this with should be used. but little pain. You can destroy them at home with fuming nitric acid. Apply a little of the 59. Sweet Potato: Food .Value.- H. C. B., Tenn.: "What is the food value of the sweet acid to the wart with a wooden toothpick. potato?" After a few days the top of the wart will come Ans.— The sweet potato is a food rich in off, and the application can be repeated until starch, sugar, and mineral constituents, as the wart disappears. This acid is a very will be seen by the following analysis as given powerful poison, and must be handled with by Payne: — caution. Starch 16 per cent 57. Eye Strain — Cause of Wrinkles on Sugar 10 per cent Forehead.— H. P. S., Conn.: " What is the Nitrogenous matter cause of involuntary contraction of the muscles 1.5 per cent of the forehead, causing wrinkles, and making Mineral matter 2.6 per cent the person look as if frowning or staring? It Fatty matter 0.3 per cent occurs unconsciously, not only when using eyes Water 67.5 per cent for reading, but also during conversation." The food value is greatly modified by the Ans.—It may be due to defect of the re- conditions under which the potato is grown; faction of the eye, disturbance of the muscular dry soil and abundant sunshine being the most balance of the eye, to some other reflex important factors in growing a sweet potato. nervous disturbance, or to habit. Have the The sweet potato is an excellent food for those eyes carefully examined by a skilful oculist, who can digest it easily. • and correct any defect that may be found, 60. Idiosyncrasies.— L. C., Md.: "Milk especially any defect of muscular balance. does not agree with me. Is the fault in the After removing every possible cause, the habit stomach or in the milk?" may still continue. The only cure then is to Ans.— It may be neither. Because a food take yourself thoroughly in hand and quit the is a good food, it does not follow that it will habit. agree with all good stomachs. If a person has 80 LIFE' AND HEALTH a good stomach, and a particular food, well- Oil of tar 2176 drams prepared and properly eaten, does not agree Icthyol I% drams with it, it does not follow that that food is 13enzoinated Zinc Ointment 2 ounces not a good food, but it does prove that that Cover with a little absorbent cotton or soft particular food is not a good food for that cotton cloth, and wear a pair of gloves day and particular stomach. In other words, each per- night. The hands can usually be cured in a son should select such good foods as agree with short time. After they are cured, keep them his own stomach, and not eat a particular food very clean, avoid all irritation of the skin, and because it agrees with some other good each time after washing apply the hand lotion stomach. If, after a fair trial, any particular as given under "Chapped Hands," Ques. No. food does not agree with you, change it for 50, February Luz AND HEALTH. some other good food that will agree with you. 63. Whooping-cough.= C. T. R., Ohio: 61. Twitching of Legs.— H. A. W., Colo.: 1. What is the best treatment for a baby "Of what is twitching of the legs in the eve- five months old that has whooping-cough? 2. ning a symptom? and what treatment will Is there anything that can be done to prevent remedy the trouble!" a child from taking whooping-cough when it is living with children that have it t" Ans.— Twitching of the muscles of the legs Ans.— Whooping-cough should be considered and all other incoordinate movement of mus- as a serious disease of childhood. The disease cles, are indications of an unbalanced action of is one of long duration, and the child should the nerve-centers, usually due to some irrita- be given the most careful attention. If given tion, often in some remote part of the body. good general care, most children require but Familiar examples are seen in twitching of the little treatment for whooping-cough. Treat- upper eyelid from disease of the nose or a ment is only required for the relief of such bad tooth; twitching of the muscles of the face symptoms as may become serious. These and neck from the presence of tapeworm or usually arise from exposure, neglect, injudicious other intestinal worms. Twitching of the legs feeding, taking cold, etc., all of which should often arises from some form of rectal trouble. be carefully avoided. Usually the person is unconscious of any The disease is contagious in all stages. The trouble at the source of irritation. In some sputum, being very infectious, should be re- cases the twitching is of the nature of chorea, ceived either on a bit of cloth or in water, and and may be due to badly nourished nerve- at once disinfected. It is especially important centers or to an exhausted state of the nerve- in this disease that the child should have centers. abundance of fresh air at night, as the accumu- The first essential is to find the cause, if lation of the poison in the air of a close sleep- possible, and remove it. Second, improve the ing-room makes the paroxysms much worse. nutrition by nourishing foods, better eaten and The inhalation of steam, to which may be better digested. Take an abundance of sleep, added a little turpentine, tar, or carbolic acid, and, most important, avoid all stimulants and will often prove very helpful. excesses and maintain less nerve tension — re- 2. No. Separation is the only advisable lax, lead a simple, natural life. safeguard.

62. Eczema.— Mrs. H. L. 0., Iowa: "I am 64. Irregular Heart, Heart Consciousness, troubled with moist inflammation on the back Indigestion, and Spinal Tenderness.— A. B. of my hands, which is worse in winter. What M., Canada: "For six years I have had a very is it! and what can I do for it!" irregular heart, often slow, but very rapid after meals. I am forty-nine years old, an Ans.— The trouble is probably a form of accountant by occupation. I am annoyed with the consciousness of my heart's beating. Acid eczema. Your general health is doubtless at fruits, nuts, olive-oil, malted foods, and wheat fault. Carefully regulate the diet as to bread cause indigestion, gas, and prickling in quality and quantity of food. Regulation of hands, and dizziness. I also suffer from spinal the bowels, and a vigorous hand bath every tenderness and constipation. What is the mat- morning, followed by an oil rub, will prove ter? and what should I do!" valuable to improve the condition of the skin. Ans.— Your condition is the result of lead- Locally: wash the hands very clean with ing an unnatural life — too many hours at soap and water once or twice each day, and close, monotonous confinement, too few hours apply the following ointment freely: — (Continued on page 86) Physical Basis for Crime The recognition of personal account- ability to God, and the acceptance of ONE of the most interesting papers divine power as the essential factor in read before the recent meeting of the the transformation of character, will en- American Association for the Advance- able any . individual with any shaped ment of Science, held in Philadelphia, head, or any development of brain, to was entitled "Brains of Intellectual make a clean-cut decision and to lead an Persons, of Individuals of Various Races upright life. The criminal tendency is and of Criminals." The writer, Dr. A. in every human being, and nothing but Spitzka, of Columbia University, at- divine power can remove it. tacks vigorously the old idea that the G. A. H. brains of criminals differ in any mate- ID* rial aspect, either in size, shape, or ap- pearance, from the brains of other classes Extreme Positions of individuals. He maintains that crim- OCCASIONALLY some periodical volun- inals can be properly classified only by teers the information for its readers that observing each individual criminal. microbes are perfectly harmless, and This able paper impresses anew the even beneficial, and that the doctors who truth that the criminal tendency and keep microbes before the public as a criminal character is not dependent scarecrow are censurable. upon the physical development ; that This we believe is pernicious teaching. "the physical basis for crime," about There is much that is taught that can which we have heard so much, has been be ignored as harmless foolishness or overdrawn. While physical suffering, ignorance, but the statement that there hunger, and bad environment, such as is is no danger from microbes, if heeded seen in tenement districts, encourage will be productive of much mischief. It the development of the criminal tend- is true, we are not acquainted with the ency; and while the improvement in germs causing some of our most common these conditions lessens the display of diseases, but their similarity to other this tendency, and renders it easier for diseases which have been proved beyond the individual to decide on a right course any reasonable doubt to be germ diseases of life, the physical environment and is satisfactory to any enlightened person. development is a thing quite separate It is true, also, that some enthusiasts and distinct from deciding on a right have carried the matter of germicides course of life. This decision lies at the and antisepses and serum treatment of foundation of any transformation of disease to a ridiculous extreme, and it character, and requires something more may be this that has led to the reaction than change of food, clothing, and en- which denies altogether the agency of vironment. germs in 'disease. 82 LIFE AND HEALTH

It is now known positively that cer- Truth usually lies between the ex- tain germs cause certain diseases. It is tremes. known how these germs are transmitted 31K from one person to another. Yellow fever has been stamped out in some Microbe Maniacs places, and malaria in othera, as a result CERTAIN Chicago people object to the of discovering the .part the mosquito use of table linen because of the danger plays in transmitting the germs of these of infection from germs, which leads the diseases. Washington Times, under the above To ignore the action of germs is to heading, to make some pertinent re- neglect proper precautions and to invite marks concerning people who "make disease. This is one extreme. The other themselves unhappy by belief that every extreme is to regard disease as due en- substance with which they come in con- tirely to the germ. tact reeks with germs capable of killing Before a germ can grow, it must find them and anxious to do so." a favorable soil. Wheat, oats, or Superstition is a weed indigenous to thistles will not grow on the kitchen the human mind. Now that the evil floor, neither will they grow in the rocks. spirits, spooks, and hobgoblins of the Germs will not grow under unfavorable ancients are robbed of their terror, the conditions. There must first be a favor- modern diabolophobe (you'll not find it able soil, caused, it may be, by careless in the dictionary) must have some other or irregular habits, overeating, undue object for his superstitious fear. indulgence, exposure, exhaustion, etc. se The fact that a germ will not grow on unfavorable-soil has led some to take the Regarding Ventilation extreme view that the germ is not in I AM requested by a correspondent in any way responsible for the disease. Manitoba to answer a question regard- The more rational way is to recognize ing ventilation. There the thermometer two factors in disease — the predisposing ranges from zero to forty degrees below cause, the state of the body, and the ex- in the winter season, and it is exceed- citing cause, the germ. Both of these ingly difficult to secure good ventilation causes must act in conjunction in order without. losing an immense amount of to produce disease. heat. The person who flatters himself that He wants to know whether a hole in he can keep himself on such a high the stovepipe will not make as good a plane of health that he can defy all ventilator as a ventilating chimney. In germs, and on this supposition neglects his stovepipe he has a hole with a sli- to take ordinary precautions against ding door, so it can be opened or closed infection, may learn his mistake when it at pleasure. While the fire is going, is too late. there is a strong suction of air into the On the other hand, the man who stovepipe through the hole. neglects all rules of diet, rest, etc., and Evidently he has a splendid draft to trusts in antiseptics, germicides, anti- his chimney. In many cases, such an toxines, and the like, to keep him from opening would allow smoke to enter the disease, will probably meet with a like room. An opening above, where the disastrous ending. draft is good, would increase the outgo EDITORIAL 83 of air from the room, without cooling winter, especially when the air must the fire and carrying away so much heat come in cold from the outside. The fur- as if it passed through the stove. The nace has the advantage that it delivers draft would , necessitate the entrance of the air to the room warm, and if the air into the room from the outside, furnace has sufficient capacity, the more which would be good, unless the air is air you get, the warmer you are. So the sucked up through the floor from an only temptation to limit the supply of unhygienic cellar. fresh air is the coal bill. A plan which might prove to be as No doubt we have more to learn yet effective and more economical is to have regarding air requirements, as we have an opening allowing air to enter the been learning about food requirements. stove, just above the fire. This will help But this we can remember, the danger to burn up some of the gases in the is in the tendency to supply too much smoke which would be otherwise uncon- food and too little air. sumed ; or, possibly, a combination of 9Ei the opening in the stovepipe with one above the fire, adjusted according to the All Roads Lead to Rome state of the fire and the amount of draft. ALL systems of health culture, how- The ideal system of ventilation would ever diverse they may be in detail, seem be one in which pure air is brought into to include an effort to reduce the amount the room at the proper temperature, and of food, especially the nitrogenous food, only the impure air taken out. This can taken into the system, or to burn it tip never be realized; for it is impossible more perfectly, or both. to keep the impure air separated from These systems all testify that man is the pure. There is a constant mixing of prone to overeat, especially of nitroge- the pure and the impure air, so that, nous food. to keep the air up to a good standard Carnaro, the almost hopeless invalid of purity, it is necessary to dilute the of forty, who by reducing his allowance impure air with large quantities of pure to a minimum, regained and preserved air. If we could breathe out each ti re his health to an advanced age ; Dewey, into a tube going outside, the air of the who improved his own health and that room would remain pure, and it would of many followers by the two-meal plan, require only fifteen cubic feet of air per or by fasting; Miles, who greatly im- hour for each person. But where we proved in physical and mental ability by breathe into the room, it requires a discarding meat and other heavy and very much larger supply of air to ren- exciting foods ; Fletcher, who, by der the air reasonably pure. Sanita- thorough mastication (resulting in the rians usually estimate three thousand use of a smaller quantity of food) cubic feet per hour for each individual changed himself from a "bad risk" to a in a room. "good risk" for life insurance; Page, Such ventilation would be impossible who cured colds by fasting, and who in a country like Manitoba without re- found it impossible to contract a cold ducing the temperature far below the while in the fasting condition — all show point of comfort and safety ; that is, by that man habitually eats too much for means of ordinary window ventilation. his own good. People find they can get along on less Chittenden, with his extensive experi- than three thousand cubic feet of air in mental work on men of various classes, 84 LIFE AND HEALTH occupations, and ages, has demonstrated at two transfer points and a half-hour's the same thing. stay in a cold waiting-room. Ile became The "Authorities" will continue, for thoroughly chilled, and feared he would some time to come, to maintain 118 to have the worst cold of his life; but to 125 grams proteid as the necessary daily his surprise, his symptoms began to amount for one man at ordinary work. ameliorate when he became chilled, and The people will probably continue, for by the time he arrived home, though he a much longer period, to overeat. The felt about frozen, his cold was completely human animal does not take kindly, as cured. a rule, to a cut in his diet. He enjoys In another case a girl had caught a eating — three meals a day, with a good hard cold, and in going to school had to proportion of meat and other "nourish- be out for some time in the severe ing" foods, and if rheumatism or gout blizzard of January, this year. To the or some other disorder results, will take surprise of herself and others, she came chances in being able to remedy the evil home with her cold entirely cured. by a liberal use of mineral water. The writer would not want to recom- Say ! couldn't we, who are supposed to mend this as a good method to try in have minds to control our bodies, learn beginning pneumonia; but it illustrates some lessons from the lower animals, the fact that severe cold may serve so who, in a natural state, rarely, if ever, to start up the resistant powers of the overeat? body that a beginning ' cold may be Which shows the "animal" pro- broken up. pensity — the unreasoning desire to gratify taste, even at the expense of health — the most, man or the other What is the Motive ? animals ? WHEN you find a newspaper ridiculing the statements of the government chemist regarding the harmfulness of One Way to Cure a Cold preservatives in foods, it may throw some light on the motives of the paper IN December a middle-aged man found to examine its advertising columns. himself coming down with a severe sore It is not surprising that Dr. Wiley, throat, which, from experience in the after stating the results of his carefully past, he knew was the precursor of a conducted experiments should meet with hard cold. In his heated office he sat, marked newspaper opposition. The viewing with dismay the gathering storm, first rain and afterward snow. food producers who add preservatives to their products, or who use adulterants, He was without rubbers, and as it was or the manufacturers of alcoholic liquors Sunday, he could not obtain any. Going and patent medicines are liberal adver- out into the street was equivalent to tisers. Anything which affects these in- wading in about two inches of ice-water; terests may expect more or less news- so it was with much misgiving that he started on 'his journey home. paper opposition. His feet were soaked by the time he 'Me had crossed the sidewalk. He had a six- DOST thou love life? Then do not mile ride in unwarmed street-cars, with squander time, for that is the stuff life the necessity of wading in the wet snow is made ed.—Prank/4n. Books

[IT is the aim of the Editor to notice in this department only such books as have a bearing on health, and which, as a whole, he can recommend. It is not to be understood, however, that he indorses everything in the books here noticed.]

PHYSIOLOGICAL Economy in Nutrition mentally, and financially. Incidentally with especial reference to the minimal his investigation seems to show that much of the disease, such as gout, rheumatism, proteid requirement of healthy man. and diseases of the liver and kidneys, An Experimental Study. By Russel H. is due to overindulgence in proteid food. Chittenden, Ph. D., LL. D., Sc. D., Di- What have we in evidence of the rector Scheffield Scientific School of correctness of Professor Chittenden's Yale University and Professor of Physi- propositions? — We have the eminence ological Chemistry. of the professor himself in this line of study, the care with which he conducted Cloth, 478 pages, 16 full-page half- all his investigations, the large number tone illustrations. $3 net. Frederick of men experimented on,— men of va- A. Stokes Company, Publishers, New rious walks of life, nationality, age, and York. condition. The experiments were con- tinued for a period of several months. If the propositions laid down in Comparative tests were made of the this book are true, the present teach- physical and mental efficiency of the ings regarding the dietetic needs of men at intervals during the investiga- man will need a complete revision. tion, and everything goes to show that Is it a fact that civilized man habitually the men, whether professional men, or eats more food than he needs, more soldiers under moderate exercise, or than he can use to advantage, or with athletes under severe exercise, were as safety to himself ? Can it be that the well off under the diminished proteid standards set by students of dietetics diet as under their ordinary diet; and are all too high, and that the methods some were decidedly better off. of arriving at these standards have been While a few lost weight, it seemed to erroneous Can we believe that there be an advantage rather than otherwise. would be such an apparent agreement Nitrogen equilibrium was maintained, between the appetites of men under in some cases with one third the proteid various situations and the present ac- ordinarily used. cepted standards if these do not rep- But it will be impossible here to go resent a close approximation to the ac- into details. Mr. Chittenden explains tual needs of man? how he came to take up the work, how Professor Chittenden makes state- he experimented first on himself, and ments which, if true, are of the utmost then on his associates, and then on importance to every living person ; for larger bodies of men. if the body can be maintained in health Probably no such extensive experi- and efficiency on a diet containing less ment had ever before been attempted than one half the amount of proteid us- in this line. All the details of the experi- ually used, the adoption of the new ments are given, with the diet lists, the standard will mean a gain physically, balance of nitrogen intake and outgo, 86 LIFE AND HEALTH

the results of the strength tests and .Other topics taken up are baths and other tests of efficiency. bathing, sick-room methods, asepsis, dis- Every physician and every layman infection, food for the sick, first symp- who desires to be intelligent regarding toms of disease, bandaging, emergencies, the dietetic needs of the body should and first aid to the injured. The text have a copy of this book. is well illustrated, and gives informa- tion which every mother and house- "HOME CARE OF THE SICK," lesson keeper should know. books of the American School of House- The directions for preparing foods hold Economics, Chicago. By Amy are, of course, based on the usual as-- Elizabeth Pope, Instructor in Trained sumption that the invalid needs flesh Nursing, Presbyterian Hospital, New foods. York City. 51/2 x 8. Two parts, paper In the directions for applying band- ages it would have been much better to bound. $1 net. • have described the simple, rapid, easy- These lesson books were prepared as a to-learn, easy-to-apply triangular band- part of the• correspondence courses in age, and the various tail bandages, domestic science. They are written instead of the more difficult roller band- from the standpoint of the home maker age; but the author has had hospital and mother, and give in concise form training, which of course means a prac- clear descriptions of the simpler duties tical course in the roller bandage, with, of the trained nurse. Special emphasis perhaps, little attention to the emer- is laid on the proper way to lift and gency bandage. handle the patient, to change the bed- But on the whole, we can say that clothes and the mattress, and to change these text-books are an excellent addi- the patient from one bed to another. tion to an excellent course.

(Continued from page 80) spent in enjoyable, invigorating exercise in the one of the following treatments each day in health-giving" sunshine and free air. This has rotation: hot and cold to spine, hot and cold caused partial exhaustion of the nerve-centers, to stomach and liver, and salt glow. Take a with weakened digestive power. Your heart cold enema each day for one or two weeks. trouble is wholly secondary and unimportant. Sleep nine hours in a cold room with abundancs It will disappear with change of habits and of fresh air. If the feet are cold, keep them proper treatment of nervous and digestive warm with a hot bottle. trouble. Select good, wholesome foods that will agree Inaugurate a radical change in your habits with your stomach, chew them thoroughly. Have of life, with fewer hours of confinement. Every them served in an attractive manner, and eat day take enjoyable exercise in the open air till only under pleasant surroundings and with a you perspire, and follow this with a cold rub. happy mental state. If possible, spend three Take a cold hand bath every morning. Take months at some good sanitarium. News Notes

Pure roods charge say they are sporadic, and it is ex- DR. WILEY believes that antiseptics should pected that the measures now being used will never be added to foods except when absolutely stamp it out completely. necessary, or when ordered by the customer. AT Govan, England, there was an outbreak He makes an exception of the use of sulphur- of typhoid fever, resulting in twenty deaths, ous acid in drying fruits. which was traced directly to some ice-cream THE new food law requires that all food that had been made by a man who, three weeks products coming to this country artificially before the outbreak, had had typhoid fever in colored must so state on the label, and if the ambulant form, commonly known as "walk- sulphate of copper is used, this fact must also ing typhoid." be stated. Dr. Wiley's advice to food pro- VramoNT has a State tuberculosis commis- ducers is to cease coloring their products. sion, which -will hold, in all the principal towns, MAYOR HARRISON, of Chicago, states in his meetings for the purpose of instructing the annual report, that Chicago has the best record people on the prevention of tuberculosis. At for healthfulness of any city having a popu- the same time special instruction will be given lation of more than three hundred thousand. the physicians as to the most approved meth- This excellent showing is attributed largely ods of combating the disease. to the purity of the water and milk supplies. THERE is a resolution before the State A Buz is before the Pennsylvania Legisla- Legislature of Massachusetts authorizing an ture to prohibit the manufacture and sale of expenditure of two thousand dollars by the foods containing formaldehyd, sulphurous acid, State Board of Health, in making "public ex- boric acid, salicylic acid, with their salts, and hibition of the various means and methods all other preservatives injurious to health. used or recommended for treating or prevent- Salt, saltpeter, sulphur, wood smoke, and ing tuberculosis." vinegar are permitted. The penalty for viola- tion of the law may be a fine of from sixty A MEDICAL school inspector in Germany is dollars to one hundred dollars with costs, or an of the opinion that vacations do not have any imprisonment up to sixty days, or both. effect on the prevalence of diphtheria or scar- ExelinTATioN of the Boston milk supply let fever. But measles promptly lessens in its show that nearly one tenth of the milk has activity at the beginning of vacation. His between 500,000 and 1,000,000 germs to the explanation is that scarlet fever and diph- cubic centimeter, more than one eighth of the theria are not very contagious until a child milk has between 1,000,000 and 5,000,000, and is sick enough to be home and in bed, while one twentieth has more than 5,000,000. The measles is contagious from the beginning. law permits 500,000 to the cubic centimeter Drugs and Poison Habits in Boston. It has been shown that with care- ful scrutiny of the dairies and the handling DR. WILEY says that there are in the United of the milk, the bacteria can be reduced to less States at least five thousand, fraudulent drug than one tenth of this amount. manufacturers who should be compelled to go out of business. Communicable Diseases AN appeal was made to the Supreme Court GERMAN sanitoria are now being constructed of the United States against the Iowa anti- with departments for the care of tuberculous cigarette law, on the ground that the law in- children. terfered with interstate commerce. The Su- Ix New Jersey a resolution has recently preme Court has upheld the law. been passed, providing that teachers suspected SPANISH officials are beginning to sense the of having tuberculosis must submit to an ex- evil effects that follow the use of tobacco by amination, and if found to be tuberculous, must the young. The minister of the interior has give up teaching. drafted a bill prohibiting the sale of tobacco, A rzw cases of yellow fever have developed cigars, or cigarettes to any person under sev- in the canal zone, but the medical men in enteen years of age. 88 LIFE AND HEALTH

A maw recently died "as the result of eat- Sanitation ing two pills, which had been left as medicine PART of the water supplied to the city of for his mother, who had been sick for several Philadelphia is filtered. According to the weeks. The pills contained strychnin, and had Chief of the Filtration Bureau, there was been left on a table. The boy was playing in 59.6 per cent less typhoid fever per 100,000 the room, and managed to get hold of the inhabitants in the district supplied with fil- pills, and ate two of them. Although a doctor tered water than in the district supplied with was called, the boy died before he arrived." unfiltered water. A mgROHANT in Greenville, Ill., was recently THE Central Railway of New Jersey has lined twenty dollars for selling Peruna (con- inaugurated a plan of car cleaning,— the vac- taining about twenty-five per cent of alcohol) uum sweeping system,— which, in addition to without a license. Good! There is no more being more economical for the railway, is reason why a man should be allowed to sell likely to prove far more hygienic than the Peruna and some other nostrums without a older methods. The dirt is drawn from all the liquor dealer 'a license than to sell wine and surfaces of the cor by suction through a pipe. beer without a license. Calling these concoc- Ix the public schools of Buffalo, N. Y., where tions medicines does not change their char- the school-books are furnished in the lower acter. grades out of the public funds, the health au- THE New York Times having published a thorities three years ago adopted the plan of statement as from Dr. W. H. Wiley, of the disinfecting the books at intervals, by means Department of Agriculture, that "among the of formaldehyd gas. The result has been a food material which had justly attained a high notable diminution in tke number of scarlet place as nutriment for persons troubled with fever cases in the city. tuberculosis, was alcohol." Dr. S. A. Knopf, the eminent tuberculosis specialist, pro- IT was reported at the recent Havana meet- tests as follows: " Whether the distinguished ing that a remarkable lessening of epidemic scientist has been reported correctly or incor- colds and other dust-borne diseases has fol- rectly, the harm that is done by such an- lowed the occasional use on schoolroom floors nouncements in the public press seems to me of formaldehyd in solutions too weak to pro- to be incalculable. As one interested in the duce a disagreeable odor. This hint may sug- solution of the tuberculosis problem I feel it gest to many teachers a way to stop that my duty to protest, and, if possible, correct everlasting cough that is going through the an erroneous impression before it takes a schoolroom. stronger foothold in the minds of the people. GOVERNOR HIGGINS, of New York, in his Extensive experience in the treatment of tu- recent message recommended that all sources berculosis has convinced me that alcohol can of public water supply be analyzed at frequent never be considered a food for the consump- intervals; that the private water supply of tive. There is so little food value in alcohol, public resorts be subjected to State analysis, and it is so easy to overstep the amount that and the results be made public; that a system can be assimilated in the system, in which case of State inspection of domestic water sup- the deleterious effects far exceed the benefit plies be maintained at the cost of the munici- derived, that it is not safe to recommend it palities, corporations, and private owners af- as a food at all." fected thereby. "To preach to the masses that alcohol is a food in tuberculosis is to my mind an error TEE American Public Health Association so grave, so fearfully dangerous, that I can not held its thirty-second annual meeting at let it pass without the strongest possible Havana, Cuba, January 9 to 13, inclusive. The protest." topics considered included the purification of "We are only just beginning, in our anti- drinking-water, disinfection, sources of infec- tuberculosis campaign, to educate the people tion, school hygiene, and control of milk sup- to the fact that alcohol never was a plies. Considerable time was devoted to the food for consumptives, never cured and never problem of controlling the spread of tuber- will cure tuberculosis. We are cautioning all culosis. The association passed a resolution our consumptive poor against the use of al- commending the authorities of Havana for cohol." their greatly improved sanitary conditions. NEWS NOTES 89

THE State of Pennsylvania is making an ad- physician, the taxing care and broken rest vance move in the line of State medicine. It which are his daily experience, this is a re- is purposed to divide the State into a number markable showing. of health districts, which will be in charge of about fifteen hundred physicians having an SUPERINTENDENT COOLEY of the Chicago pub- accurate knowledge of hygiene and sanitary lic schools calls attention to the danger involved science. This calls for new qualifications in the present tendencies of high schools to possessed by few physicians. The Medical De- imitate the athletic vices of colleges and uni- partment of the University of Pennsylvania, in versities. When this is clone, Mr. Cooley says, order to supply this new demand, has in- athletics, instead of being a vital factor in augurated a course of instruction in public the training of hand, head, and heart, become health, to begin next October. a demoralizing influence, not only to those ta- king part in the games, but to the entire Miscellaneous school. THE latest in the line of antitoxic serums, we are told, is one to cure "that tired feel- A BILL has been presented to the Pennsyl- ing." Such a serum would certainly "fill a vania Legislature providing that it shall be long-felt want." unlawful to employ any child under the age of thirteen years in any factory, workshop, PROFESSOR WILDER, of Cornell, is making laundry, store, office, hotel, etc. No child known his opposition to intercollegiate foot- under thirteen shall work at any employment ball games. It is refreshing to know that whatsoever during the months that the schools there are still some university men who have are in session. Other provisions are made for not been carried away with the football mania. the benefit of children under sixteen. For in- stance, it is unlawful to employ a child under THE Henry Phipps Institute is endeavoring sixteen between 9 P. M. and 6 A. M. No such to educate the textile workers of Philadelphia, child shall work more than ten hours any by means of lectures, in regard to the danger (lay, nor more than sixty hours in any week. of spreading consumption, the means of pre- 'Employers of such children must keep on file venting its propagation, and the home treat- a certificate signed by the school superintend- ment of the disease. ent or principal, showing the amount of A BILL is before Congress providing for the schooling and the extent of his or her educa- punishment of wife beaters by whipping. It tion in the common branches. may seem inhuman to return to the whipping- post; but when it is necessary to inflict this ACCORDING to the statistics of certain cities punishment on a wife beater, the right man where records have been kept, there is an will be whipped. alarming increase in the number of deaths from cancer. In forty years the deaths from DURING the congress of the British Royal cancer per 100,000 population hPVA increases Institute of Public Health, Dr. J. S. Turner in Boston from 28 to 85 (threefold), in San dwelt upon the evil of soft food for children. Francisco from 16.5 to 103.6 (more than six- lie called attention to the harmfulness of fold), in New York from 32 to 66, in Philadel- starch and sugar, which, by undergoing lactic phia from 34 to 70, in Baltimore from 18 to acid fermentation, prepare the way for germ 63, in New Orleans from 15 to 82. action on the teeth. His remedy is hard food which requires thorough mastication, so that DURING July, August, and September, 228 the niechanical action and the flow of saliva passengers and 183 employees were killed and cleanse the teeth. 2,154 passengers and 1,593 employees injured in train accidents in the United States. Com- IN 1904, 2,142 physicians died in the United pare this with the statement that on a section States. According to the American Medical of the Erie Railroad, which carried 228,000 Journal the average age was 60 years; average people during the World's Fair, and on the length of practise, 30 years; 596 lived past the Vandalia Railway. which handled during the age of 70, 241 were over 80, 19 were past the same time an enormous traffic, there was not age of 90, and'33 lived beyond the age of 100 a single individual injured. These two roads years. In view of the irregular life of a use the block system of signals. 911 LIFE AND HEALTH symptoms of a more serious disease are LIFE AND HEALTH mistaken for a cold. (Continuing Pacific Health Journal) This booklet tells all that the ordinary AIM: to assist in the physical, mental, and moral uplift of individual cares to know about colds, huinani61 through the individual and the home their causes, prevention, and cure. It is written in the simple, direct, under- G. H. HEALD, M. D. - - Editor standable language of the Editor of this G. A. HARE, M. S., M. D., Associate Editor magazine, with which all our readers are Subscription Price, 50 cents per year familiar. This of itself is a guaranty of To Foreign Countries - - 75 cents its value. 049 Published monthly by Re7,1eav and Herald Publishing Association THE November, 1904, and the January, 222 North Capitol St., Washington, D. C., U. S.A. 1905, numbers of LIFE AND HEALTH are all sold out, so the offer to furnish free Entered as second-class matter June a4, 1904, at the to all new subscribers for 1905 the Cost-office at Washington, D. C., under the Act of Con. gress of March 3, 1879. November and December numbers is withdrawn. Subscriptions can not now WHILE Mrs. Tuxford's articles are begin back of the February number. We written with especial reference to house- can still supply the December number, if keepers who direct in the household desired. work, they may be read with equal ad- Our subscription list is growing vantage by those who perform their own rapidly, and many are the kind words of housework. appreciation which we receive continu- ally.

IN this issue appears the first of a IF every reader of this journal could series of articles by Mrs. E. G. White secure at least one new subscriber, that on healthful living. These are from the would give us a splendid increase. To manuscript of her forthcoming book, any one who can devote some time to se- "Ministry of Healing." curing subscriptions, we give a liberal cash commission. Let us hear from you with that one subscriber anyway. THE menu furnished in this number is from Mrs. Tuxford's forthcoming book Agents Wanted Have You a Cold ? Everywhere WE call the attention of all our read- Ladies and gentle- ers to the booklet on "Colds" adver- men, to whom we of- tised on the second cover page of this fer a very desirable and lucrative busi- number. ness. Liberal terms. Of all the ills that flesh is heir to, Handsome Profits. Price, with bottle of colds are, perhaps, most frequent, and solution and circular of instructions, $i.00. For especially so at this season of the year. terms to agents address Even a cold should have immediate and BATTLE CREEK INHALER COMPANY, proper treatment, and sometimes the 29 Aldrich St. - Battle Creek. Mich. PHYSIC, for the most part, is nothing THE brain must be fed, or it can not else but the substitute for exercise or work. Four great vessels flood every temperance. Medicines are indeed abso- part of it with hot scarlet blood, which lutely necessary in acute distempers that carries at once fire and fuel to each of can not wait the slow operations of these its atoms. Stop the supply, and we drop two great instruments of health ; but senseless. Inhale a few whiffs of ether, did men live in a habitual course of ex- and we cross over into the unknown ercise and temperance, there would be world of death with a return ticket; but little occasion for them.— Addison. or we prefer chloroform, and perhaps get no return ticket.— 0. W. Holmes. PATIENTS will take medicine when they will not take advice, and too often DISEASE is one of the things that can it is advice they need, and not medicine. be controlled to a much greater extent The physician whose force of character than most people seem to realize.— Dr. makes his advice sought after and foll Keightley. lowed is the one who accomplishes the most. He can not ignore drugs, but THE normal tendency of the body is his success depends on the extent to toward health, not toward disease. Even which he can dominate his patients, and when unhealthy conditions have been correct the omissions, errors, and ex- established, the underlying effort of na- cesses of their lives.— Vermont Medical ture seems to be in the direction of Monthly. health.— Dr. Keightley.

The standard antiseptic Awarded

GOLD MEDAL

Universal Exposition Saint Louis LISTERINE 1904 414 A non-toxic antiseptic of known and definite power, prepared in a form convenient for immediate use of ready dilution, sightly, pleasant, and sufficiently powerful for all purposes of asepsis—these are advantages which Listerine embodies. The success of Listerine is based upon merit, and the best adver- tisement of Listerine is—Listerine.

(11,,,t Hygiene

An interesting booklet entitled "Hygiene" may be had upon request. Lambert Pharmacal Company 21? St. Louis, U. S. A. 4).

4).

C 4). C C

The Boulder-Colorado Sanitarium is a well-equipped and well-regulated institution for the treatment of all chronic disorders. It is the only Sanitarium in the Rocky Mountain region intelligently employing the same system of rational treatment and conducted on the same general health principles as the Battle Creek a (Mich ) Sanitarium. The buildings are equipped with all modern conveniences, including Steam Heating, Electric Lights, Elevators, Gymnasium; Baths of every description, including the Electric-Light Bath, Massage, and Manual Swedish Movements; Electricity in every form. Classified Dietary, Laboratory of Hygiene for bacteriological, chemical, and microscopical investigations; Experienced Physicians and well-trained Nurses of both sexes. No contagious or offensive diseases are received in the institution. No a consumptive patients are received. Special reduced rates are made to winter patients from November t to June I. Write for catalogue and card of rates. C Address Boulder-Colorado Sanitarium a Boulder Colorado

C St. Helena Sanitarium LOCATED 760 feet above sea-level and overlooking the beautiful Napa Valley, surrounded by lawns, flower gardens, and natural groves of ever- green. THE CLIMATE especially during the winter months is de- lightful, being sheltered from the cold coast winds by a range of hills, while the fine altitude places it above the winter fogs and frosts of the lower levels; also assuring a pleasant summer temperature. EQUIPMENT AND SERVICE is modern and complete in detail. Build- ings are fitted with splendid steam heating appa-atus, electric lights and call bells, telephones and elevator. Complete apparatus and appliance for the treatment of invalids by up-to-date rational and scientific principles in Hydrotherapy, Electro-therapy, including X-Ray ; mas- sage, etc. A full corps of physicians and trained nurses. Surgery a specialty. AN IDEAL WINTER RESORT Tubercular cases not received. The largest and best equinned institution west of the Rocky Illustrated booklet sent on application. Mountains following the BATTLE CREEK SANITARIUM system and methods of treatment. Address

SANITARIUM, CAL. / ST. HELENA SANITARIUM R. R. Station and Eapresa Office, SI