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Performance of Explosives and New Developments PERFORMANCE OF EXPLOSIVES AND NEW DEVELOPMENTS FFM.inddM.indd i 110/10/20120/10/2012 33:24:30:24:30 PPMM WORKSHOP HOSTED BY FRAGBLAST 10 — THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ROCK FRAGMENTATION BY BLASTING, NEW DELHI, INDIA, 24–25 NOVEMBER 2012 Performance of Explosives and New Developments Editors Bibhu Mohanty Department of Civil Engineering and Lassonde Institute of Mining, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada Vinay Kumar Singh Northern Coalfields Limited, Singrauli, India Downloaded by [Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU Consortium)] at 21:50 01 March 2016 FFM.inddM.indd iiiiii 110/10/20120/10/2012 33:24:31:24:31 PPMM CRC Press/Balkema is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2013 Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK Typeset by V Publishing Solutions Pvt Ltd., Chennai, India Printed and bound in Great Britain by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY All rights reserved. No part of this publication or the information contained herein may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, by pho- tocopying, recording or otherwise, without written prior permission from the publisher. Although all care is taken to ensure integrity and the quality of this publication and the information herein, no responsibility is assumed by the publishers nor the author for any damage to the property or persons as a result of operation or use of this publication and/or the information contained herein. Downloaded by [Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU Consortium)] at 21:50 01 March 2016 Published by: CRC Press/Balkema P.O. Box 447, 2300 AK Leiden, The Netherlands e-mail: [email protected] www.crcpress.com – www.taylorandfrancis.com ISBN: 978-0-415-62142-7 (Hbk + CD-ROM) ISBN: 978-0-203-38770-2 (eBook) FFM.inddM.indd iivv 110/10/20120/10/2012 33:24:31:24:31 PPMM Performance of Explosives and New Developments – Mohanty & Singh (Eds) © 2013 Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-0-415-62142-7 Table of contents Preface vii Organising Institution ix Committees xi Sponsors xiii Energy and Performance Ideal detonation reaction concepts for blasting engineers 3 M. Braithwaite Non-ideal detonation behavior in commercial explosives 11 M. Braithwaite & G.J. Sharpe Comparisons of explosive performance measures in theory and practice 17 E.J. Sellers Energetics and performance of modern commercial explosives 27 B. Mohanty Boosters and Initiators The effect of booster size on vibration and airblast and on VODs 37 M. Addy, T. Thomas & F. Korankye A technique for highly precise and safe delay detonator without primary explosive 41 D. Jian-guo, M. Hong-hao & S. Zhao-wu Explosives initiation mode and blast performance 49 M.P. Roy, P.K. Singh, A.K. Jha & D. Basu Studies into firing accuracy of some Indian permitted electric detonators 57 S.K. Roy & R.R. Singh Explosives, Explosions and New Developments Detonation behavior of bulk emulsion explosive in water filled blast holes 65 M. Pradhan & R.K. Jade Experimental research on thermal decomposition character of new coal permitted water gel explosive 71 Y. Shi-long, R. Dong-mei & W. Hong-bo Study and performance of low density emulsion explosive 75 Downloaded by [Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU Consortium)] at 21:50 01 March 2016 A.K. Singh, B.M.P. Pingua, Nabiullah, M.K. Panda & S. Akhtar PANFO: A novel low-density dry bulk explosive 81 G. Silva & C.P. Orlandi Underground cavern excavation using underground bulk explosives—an Indian case study 91 A.K. Mishra, K.V.R. Rao, B.E. Rao & D. Joshi Modeling buried explosion in geotechnical centrifuge 97 X. Liang, Y. Fan, Y. Hou & Y. Yang v FFM.inddM.indd v 110/10/20120/10/2012 33:24:32:24:32 PPMM Surface coal mines blasting with ANFO in India—a way forward 103 S.R. Sahay, J.S. Mani, S. Kumar & S. Sengar Causes of explosion in a bulk emulsion explosive plant 111 B.M.P. Pingua & Nabiullah Author index 119 Downloaded by [Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU Consortium)] at 21:50 01 March 2016 vi FFM.inddM.indd vvii 110/10/20120/10/2012 33:24:32:24:32 PPMM Performance of Explosives and New Developments – Mohanty & Singh (Eds) © 2013 Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-0-415-62142-7 Preface This volume is part of a continuing series of workshops that are normally held in conjunction with the International Symposium on Rock Fragmentation by Blasting (FRAGBLAST), held at 3–4 year intervals. Whereas the main symposium is directed at the latest research and developments in the field of rock frag- mentation, the workshops are geared more towards practitioners in the field. As this volume illustrates, there is considerable scope for improvement in the outcome of any blasting operation when accompanied by basic understanding and applications of the principles of blasting science and technology. The main objective is to sensitize the practitioner to critically examine the various empirical approaches in blast- ing which may be of long use, but lack any sound physical basis. On the other hand, where the empirical approaches have proven of value, significant additional improvement can be achieved through better understanding of the underlying process. The overwhelming message is that none of the components involved in a blasting operation should be treated in isolation, as they are all inter-linked. Fragmentation of rock by blasting represents the first stage in the size reduction process which is essential to liberation of valuable minerals and metals. Therefore, understanding the performance of the explosive and initiators under actual field conditions, and critical assessment of the blast results afterwards are central to effective blast design, improved productivity, and novel applications. B. Mohanty University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada V.K. Singh Northern Coalfields Limited, Singrauli, India Downloaded by [Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU Consortium)] at 21:50 01 March 2016 vii FFM.inddM.indd vviiii 110/10/20120/10/2012 33:24:32:24:32 PPMM Performance of Explosives and New Developments – Mohanty & Singh (Eds) © 2013 Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-0-415-62142-7 Organising Institution Downloaded by [Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU Consortium)] at 21:50 01 March 2016 ix FFM.inddM.indd iixx 110/10/20120/10/2012 33:24:32:24:32 PPMM Performance of Explosives and New Developments – Mohanty & Singh (Eds) © 2013 Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-0-415-62142-7 Committees PATRONS • Prof. Samir K. Brahmachari, Director General, CSIR and Secretary, DSIR, New Delhi • Mr. Partho S. Bhattacharyya, Chairman, CSIR-CIMFR, Research Council, Dhanbad • Mr. Satish Puri, Director General of Mines Safety, DGMS, Dhanbad • Mr. S. Narsing Rao, Chairman-cum-Managing Director, Coal India Limited, Kolkata CHAIRMAN ORGANISING COMMITTEE • Dr. Amalendu Sinha, Director, CSIR-CIMFR, Dhanbad ORGANISING SECRETARY & CONVENOR • Dr. Pradeep K. Singh, Senior Principal Scientist, CSIR-CIMFR, Dhanbad INTERNATIONAL ORGANISING COMMITTEE Prof. W.L. Fourney University of Maryland, USA Prof. José A. Sanchidrián Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain Docent Agne Rustan Retired from Luleå University of Technology, Sweden Prof. Hans Peter Rossmanith Technical University, Vienna, Austria Prof. Sushil Bhandari Earth Resource Technology Consultants, India Dr. Cameron K. McKenzie Blastechnology, Australia Prof. Bibhu Mohanty University of Toronto, Canada Prof. Xuguang Wang Beijing General Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy, China Mr. R. Frank Chiappetta Blasting Analysis International, USA Mr. Carlos P. Orlandi Enaex Servicios S.A., Chile Prof. Finn Ouchterlony Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Austria Prof. Kunihisa Katsuyama (Retired from) Ehime University, Japan Dr. William Robert Adamson Davey Bickford, Chile Prof. Panagiotis D. Katsabanis Queen’s University, Canada Prof. Peter Moser Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Austria Dr. Ken Qian Liu Xstrata Nickel, Canada Dr. Ewan Sellers African Explosives, South Africa Dr. A.T. Spathis Orica, Australia Dr. Dale S. Preece Orica Mining Services, USA Downloaded by [Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU Consortium)] at 21:50 01 March 2016 REVIEW COMMITTEE Prof. W.L. Fourney University of Maryland, USA Prof. José A. Sanchidrián Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain Docent Agne Rustan Retired from Luleå University of Technology, Sweden Prof. Sushil Bhandari Earth Resource Technology Consultants, India xi FFM.inddM.indd xxii 110/10/20120/10/2012 33:24:34:24:34 PPMM Dr. Cameron K. McKenzie Blastechnology, Australia Prof. Bibhu Mohanty University of Toronto, Canada Prof. Xuguang Wang Beijing General Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy, China Mr. R. Frank Chiappetta Blasting Analysis International, USA Mr. Carlos P. Orlandi EnaexServicios S.A., Chile Prof. Finn Ouchterlony Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Austria Dr. William Robert Adamson Davey Bickford, Chile Prof. Panagiotis D. Katsabanis Queen’s University, Canada Prof. Peter Moser Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Austria Dr. Ken Qian Liu Xstrata Nickel, Canada Dr. Ewan Sellers African Explosives, South Africa Dr. A.T. Spathis Orica, Australia Dr. Dale S. Preece Orica Mining Services, USA Dr. Pradeep K. Singh CSIR-Central Institute of Mining & Fuel Research, India Dr. Amalendu Sinha CSIR-Central Institute of Mining & Fuel Research, India Dr. Alastair Torrance Kilmorie Consulting, Australia Dr. Alexander Hennig RWTH Aachen University, Germany Prof. Ali Mortazavi Amirkabir University of Technology, Iran Prof. Ajoy K. Ghose Formerly, Indian School of Mines, India Mr.
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