Carl Schmitt
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Alternate History – Alternate Memory: Counterfactual Literature in the Context of German Normalization
ALTERNATE HISTORY – ALTERNATE MEMORY: COUNTERFACTUAL LITERATURE IN THE CONTEXT OF GERMAN NORMALIZATION by GUIDO SCHENKEL M.A., Freie Universität Berlin, 2006 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES (German Studies) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) April 2012 © Guido Schenkel, 2012 ABSTRACT This dissertation examines a variety of Alternate Histories of the Third Reich from the perspective of memory theory. The term ‘Alternate History’ describes a genre of literature that presents fictional accounts of historical developments which deviate from the known course of hi story. These allohistorical narratives are inherently presentist, meaning that their central question of “What If?” can harness the repertoire of collective memory in order to act as both a reflection of and a commentary on contemporary social and political conditions. Moreover, Alternate Histories can act as a form of counter-memory insofar as the counterfactual mode can be used to highlight marginalized historical events. This study investigates a specific manifestation of this process. Contrasted with American and British examples, the primary focus is the analysis of the discursive functions of German-language counterfactual literature in the context of German normalization. The category of normalization connects a variety of commemorative trends in postwar Germany aimed at overcoming the legacy of National Socialism and re-formulating a positive German national identity. The central hypothesis is that Alternate Histories can perform a unique task in this particular discursive setting. In the context of German normalization, counterfactual stories of the history of the Third Reich are capable of functioning as alternate memories, meaning that they effectively replace the memory of real events with fantasies that are better suited to serve as exculpatory narratives for the German collective. -
From Humiliation to Humanity Reconciling Helen Goldman’S Testimony with the Forensic Strictures of the Frankfurt Auschwitz Trial
S: I. M. O. N. Vol. 8|2021|No.1 SHOAH: INTERVENTION. METHODS. DOCUMENTATION. Andrew Clark Wisely From Humiliation to Humanity Reconciling Helen Goldman’s Testimony with the Forensic Strictures of the Frankfurt Auschwitz Trial Abstract On 3 September 1964, during the Frankfurt Auschwitz trial, Helen Goldman accused SS camp doctor Franz Lucas of selecting her mother and siblings for the gas chamber when the family arrived at Birkenau in May 1944. Although she could identify Lucas, the court con- sidered her information under cross-examination too inconsistent to build a case against Lucas. To appreciate Goldman’s authority, we must remove her from the humiliation of the West German legal gaze and inquire instead how she is seen through the lens of witness hospitality (directly by Emmi Bonhoeffer) and psychiatric assessment (indirectly by Dr Walter von Baeyer). The appearance of Auschwitz survivor Helen (Kaufman) Goldman in the court- room of the Frankfurt Auschwitz trial on 3 September 1964 was hard to forget for all onlookers. Goldman accused the former SS camp doctor Dr Franz Lucas of se- lecting her mother and younger siblings for the gas chamber on the day the family arrived at Birkenau in May 1944.1 Lucas, considered the best behaved of the twenty defendants during the twenty-month-long trial, claimed not to recognise his accus- er, who after identifying him from a line-up became increasingly distraught under cross-examination. Ultimately, the court rejected Goldman’s accusations, choosing instead to believe survivors of Ravensbrück who recounted that Lucas had helped them survive the final months of the war.2 Goldman’s breakdown of credibility echoed the experience of many prosecution witnesses in West German postwar tri- als after 1949. -
Holocaust Documents
The Holocaust The Holocaust is a period in European history that took place in Nazi Germany during the late 1930s and 1940s, just prior to and during World War II. It is important for all people to have an understanding of this genocide. This packet contains a large amount of primary and secondary source information. You should familiarize yourself with this for our discussion. My expectations for this 45 minute Harkness Table are high. I want to hear evidence of your reading and understanding of what happened in the holocaust. This packet is yours to keep. Feel free to mark it up. You may consider using a highlighter; post it notes, something to organize your research and studying so you may be able to hold an intellectual and informed discussion. Additionally, on the day you are not participating in the circle you will need to be contributing to the Google back channel discussion. Please bring your electronic device, phone, tablet, and laptop, whatever you have, to the class. I will be looking for your active engagement in the virtual discussion outside the circle. To view a timeline of the events that you are studying please visit the following webpage: http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/timeline.html To view images of the Holocaust and German occupation please visit the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum at the following link: http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/media_list.php?MediaType=ph Some thoughts and questions to consider when you are preparing: • Who were the Nazis? • What did they stand for? • When did they take control in Germany? • Who was Adolph Hitler? • Who was responsible for the destruction of millions of Jews, Poles, Gypsies, and other groups during World War II? • How could this happen? • Why didn’t the allies do anything to stop it? The Wannsee Protocols On January 20, 1942, an extraordinary 90-minute meeting took place in a lakeside villa in the wealthy Wannsee district of Berlin. -
Carlo Mattogno
BARNES REVIEW HOLOCAUST HANDBOOK SERIES • VOLUME 21 21 BARNES REVIEW HOLOCAUST HANDBOOK SERIES • VOLUME 21 AUSCHWITZ: AUSCHWITZ: AUSCHWITZ: CREMATORIUM I AND THE ALLEGED HOMICIDAL GASSINGS CREMATORIUM I CREMATORIUM I he morgue of the old crematorium in the Auschwitz concentra- tion camp is said to have been the first location where mass AND THE ALLEGED HOMICIDAL GASSINGS Tgassings of Jews occurred over an extended period of time. In this study, Italian scholar and prolific Revisionist author Carlo Mattogno analyzes the most important witness testimonies and juxta- poses them with original German wartime documents as well as ma- terial evidence still available today. Mattogno shows that the witness testimonies are either extremely vague or, where they are specific, that they contradict each other or claim physical impossibilities. A few wit- nesses made more specific statements, which allow for their verifica- tion or refutation. Mattogno performs an analysis of these statements with the help of both original German wartime documents and mate- rial evidence. His analysis reveals that the claims of these witnesses are totally unfounded. Mattogno also exposes the fraudulent attempts of mainstream historians to convert the witnesses’ black propaganda into “truth” by means of selective quotes, omissions and distortions. CARLO MATTOGNO Finally, Mattogno shows with forensic methods—by investigating the current state of the structure as presented to tourists today—that this crematory’s morgue has never been anything different than what it was meant to be: a morgue. Softcover, 138 pages, #546, $18. Available from TBR BOOK CLUB. See inside for ordering form or call TBR toll free at 1-877-773-9077 to charge to major credit cards. -
Auschwitz: Cremat O R I U M I and the Alleged Homicidal Ga S Sings
AUSCHWITZ: CREMAT O R I U M I AND THE ALLEGED HOMICIDAL GA S SINGS Auschwitz: Crematorium I and the Alleged Homicidal Gassings Carlo Mattogno Castle Hill Publishers P.O. Box 243, Uckfield, TN22 9AW, UK September 2016 HOLOCAUST HANDBOOKS, Vol. 21: Carlo Mattogno: Auschwitz: Crematorium I and the Alleged Homicidal Gassings. 2nd, slightly corrected and expanded edition Translated by Henry Gardner Uckfield, East Sussex: CASTLE HILL PUBLISHERS P.O. Box 243, Uckfield, TN22 9AW, UK September 2016 ISBN10: 1-59148-156-2 ISBN13: 978-1-59148-156-0 ISSN: 1529-7748 © 2005, 2016 by Carlo Mattogno Distribution worldwide by: Castle Hill Publishers P.O. Box 243 Uckfield, TN22 9AW, UK shop.codoh.com Set in Times New Roman. www.HolocaustHandbooks.com Cover illustrations: modern photos of: left: external view of Crematorium I at the Auschwitz Main Camp; center: morgue plus washing room in their current state; right: one of the reconstructed furnaces in the furnace hall of the crematorium; background: section of an original German blueprint of the Auschwitz Main Camp. CARLO MATTOGNO, AUSCHWITZ: CREMATORIUM I 5 Table of Contents Page Introduction ............................................................................................... 7 Chapter 1: The Origin of the Homicidal Gassing Story ........................ 9 1.1. The “Gas Chamber” of Crematorium I in the Reports from the Secret Resistance Movement at Auschwitz .................................... 9 1.2. Origin and Development of the Official Version .......................... 10 Chapter 2: Crematorium I at Auschwitz .............................................. 17 2.1. The Projects for the Ventilation System of Crematorium I........... 17 2.2. The Transformation of Crematorium I into an Air-Raid Shelter .. 23 Chapter 3: The Witnesses ....................................................................... 27 3.1. -
VWI Im Fokus 2020
2020 VWI im Fokus 02 Editorial 03 Rückblick & Ausblick 08 Interview 13 Veranstaltungskalender 16 Ausschreibung Fellowships 17 VWI-Fellows 2020/2021 21 Neue MitarbeiterInnen 22 EHRI-Preparatory Phase 24 Projekte des VWI 25 Fundstücke 26 Kurz notiert & Kleinode 27 Kurz notiert 28 Service & Impressum VWI im FOKUS | 2020 EDITORIAL DAS INSTITUT as VWI eröffnete den diesjährigen Veranstaltungsreigen mit einer Erinnerungsmatinee an seinen Mentor und Initiator Simon Wiesen thal,D der die neueste Geschichte Österreichs nachhaltig geprägt hat und dem die Republik so viel verdankt. An sechs aufeinanderfolgenden Sonn tagnachmittagen im Jänner und Februar 2020 präsentierte das VWI in Kooperation mit dem Österreichischen Filmmuseum das im November 1997 von Albert Lichtblau (heute Vorstandsmitglied des VWI) für die USC Shoah Foundation geführte elfstündige Interview mit Simon Wiesenthal. Niemand, weder die OrganisatorInnen der Veranstaltung noch ich, hätten auf eine so gewaltige Resonanz zu hoffen gewagt. Das Interesse, schon am ersten Nachmittag beachtlich, stieg von Vorführung zu Vorführung. Kaum jemand im Publikum verließ den Kinosaal vor Ende der mehr als zweieinhalbstündigen Präsentationen und den im Anschluss geführten, das jeweilige Thema des Nachmittages vertiefenden Gesprächen mit gelade nen ExpertInnen. Der Saal blieb gesteckt voll. Aufgrund des vollbesetzten Kinosaals mussten am letzten ScreeningNachmittag BesucherInnen sogar Foto: privat Foto: abgewiesen werden. Terezija Stoisits. Der nächste vorgesehene große Programmpunkt des Arbeitsjahres, die Konferenz zu den Folgen der Pariser Vorortverträge 1919/1920, die Ende März im repräsentativen Palais Trautson unter Patronanz von Bundesmi DAS VWI IN ZEITEN VON CORONA nisterin Dr.in Alma Zadić hätte stattfinden sollen, musste coronabedingt abgesagt, das heißt auf das kommende Jahr verschoben werden. -
JUST a GLASS: an Analysis of the Role of Alcohol in Konzentrationslager Auschwitz-Birkenau Dylan Sanderson
JUST A GLASS: An Analysis of the Role of Alcohol in Konzentrationslager Auschwitz-Birkenau Dylan Sanderson While the role of alcohol amongst perpetrators of the Holocaust has received some scholarly attention, little focus has been paid to its use within the Nazi concentration camp system specifically. Using Auschwitz-Birkenau as a case study, this paper draws on accounts from survivors, perpetrators, and civilians to demonstrate the presence of alcohol in various contexts of camp life and explore both who used it and for what purposes, from prisoners to guards and from barter good to accompaniment to the perpetration of violence. This paper both demonstrates the value of studying the role of alcohol within the camp and argues for the need to address this gap in the scholarship so as to better understand the lived experiences of those who composed the camp’s population and the perpetration of the Holocaust more generally, as well as identifying some specific areas likely warranting future research. Introduction In his account of the nearly five years he spent in Konzentrationslager Auschwitz- Birkenau, Anus Mundi, Wiesław Kielar details an interaction between Edward “Edek” Galiński—his friend and an accomplice in attempting to escape—and the Blockführer Pestek:1 “Just a glass, Herr Blockführer. A little glassful won’t hurt you. No one will notice, because everybody drinks.”2 The SS guard accepts, sharing a glass and conversation with Edek and Kielar. While it may come as a surprise, this is not the only documented instance of such an event occurring within the camp.3 Although likely not as ubiquitous as Galiński’s comment might suggest, the selection of sources concerning Auschwitz-Birkenau consulted for this paper indicates that alcohol was present in several different aspects of camp life—appearing in other contexts as seemingly unlikely as a shared drink between prisoners and an SS guard. -
Titel Strafverfahren
HESSISCHES LANDESARCHIV – HESSISCHES HAUPTSTAATSARCHIV ________________________________________________________ Bestand 461: Staatsanwaltschaft bei dem Landgericht Frankfurt am Main Strafverfahren ./. Robert Mulka u.a. (1. Auschwitz-Prozess) Az. 4 Ks 2/63 HHStAW Abt. 461, Nr. 37638/1-456 bearbeitet von Susanne Straßburg Allgemeine Verfahrensangaben Delikt(e) Mord (NSG) Beihilfe zum Mord (NSG) Laufzeit 1958-1997 Justiz-Aktenzeichen 4 Ks 2/63 Sonstige Behördensignaturen 4 Js 444/59 ./. Beyer u.a. (Vorermittlungen) Verfahrensart Strafverfahren Verfahrensangaben Bd. 1-133: Hauptakten (in Bd. 95-127 Hauptverhandlungsprotokolle; in Bd. 128-133 Urteil) Bd. 134: Urteil, gebundene Ausgabe Bd. 135-153: Vollstreckungshefte Bd. 154: Sonderheft Strafvollstreckung Bd. 155-156: Bewährungshefte Bd. 157-165: Gnadenhefte Bd. 166-170: Haftsonderhefte Bd. 171-189: Pflichtverteidigergebühren Bd. 190-220: Kostenhefte Bd. 221-224: Sonderhefte Bd. 225-233: Entschädigungshefte Bd. 234-236: Ladungshefte Bd. 237: Anlage zum Protokoll vom 3.5.1965 Bd. 238-242: Gutachten Bd. 243-267: Handakten Bd. 268: Fahndungsheft Baer Bd. 269: Auslobung Baer Bd. 270: Sonderheft Anzeigen Bd. 271-272: Sonderhefte Nebenkläger Bd. 273-274: Ermittlungsakten betr. Robert Mulka, 4 Js 117/64 Bd. 275-276: Zuschriften Bd. 277-279: Berichtshefte Bd. 280-281: Beiakte betr. Josef Klehr, Gns 3/80, Handakten 1-2 Bd. 282: Sonderheft Höcker Bd. 283: Zustellungsurkunden Bd. 284: Übersetzung der polnischen Anklage vom 28.10.1947 Bd. 285: Fernschreiben Bd. 286; Handakte Auschwitz der OStA I Bd. 287-292: Pressehefte Bd. 293-358: Akten der Zentralen Stelle der Landesjustizverwaltungen Ludwigsburg Bd. 359-360: Anlageband 12 Bd. 361: Protokolle ./. Dr. Lucas Bd. 362: Kostenheft i.S. Dr. Schatz Bd. 363: Akte der Zentralen Stelle des Landesjustizverwaltungen Ludwigsburg Bd. -
Over Oordelen Bij Hannah Arendt Na 'Eichmann in Jeruzalem'
Arendt, Eichmann en Auschwitz. Over oordelen bij Hannah Arendt na ‘Eichmann in Jeruzalem’ Mascha Teirlinck (391577) 11 augustus 2009 Faculteit Geesteswetenschappen Departement Filosofie Eerste begeleider: dr. D.J.M.S Janssens Tweede begeleider: prof. dr. D.A.A. Loose 1 Inhoud Afkortingen.................................................................................. 3 Inleiding....................................................................................... 4 Hoofdstuk 1 - Arendt in Jeruzalem: het Eichmann-proces............ 6 Inleiding..................................................................................................................... 6 De tijd - de jaren ‘60.................................................................................................. 6 De procesgang............................................................................................................ 8 De verdachte............................................................................................................. 11 De joodse raden........................................................................................................ 11 De rechter................................................................................................................. 12 Hoofdstuk 2 - Oordelen bij Arendt............................................ 14 Inleiding................................................................................................................... 14 De doxa bij Socrates............................................................................................... -
No. 23 November 2010 Oś—Oświęcim, People, History, Culture Magazine, No
o ś w i ę c i M ISSN 1899-4407 PEOPLE CULTURE HISTORY no. 23 November 2010 oś—oświęcim, People, history, culture magazine, no. 23, november 2010 EDITORIAL BOARD: oś—oświęcim, People, history, culture magazine EDITORIAL November is the month during which In the November Oś, you will also tions of a participant of the program we commemorate two sad anniversa- fi nd information about online courses Why do we need tolerance? ries. November 22, 1940 the fi rst ex- prepared by the International Center We also draw your attention to a pho- ecution by fi ring squad was held in for Education about Auschwitz and to report from the Way of the Cross at Auschwitz. A year later, November the Holocaust, an article devoted to the site of the Auschwitz II-Birkenau 11—Polish Independence Day—the the visit of students and professors former concentration camp. editor: Germans held executions at the Death from Voronezh at the Center for Dia- Paweł Sawicki Wall in the courtyard of Block 11 us- logue and Prayer, and a report from Paweł Sawicki editorial secretary: ing a silenced small caliber weapon. the Polish-German seminar intended Editor-in-chief [email protected] Agnieszka Juskowiak-Sawicka We are able to recount these events for organizers of study visits to me- editorial board: now through the testimony of wit- morial sites . The pages dedicated to Bartosz Bartyzel Wiktor Boberek nesses as well as archival documents. the Jewish Center include the refl ec- Jarek Mensfelt Olga Onyszkiewicz Jadwiga Pinderska-Lech Artur Szyndler columnist: A GALLERY OF THE 20TH CENTURY Mirosław Ganobis design and layout: For the second time in this veloped in gloom seemed to up with a sudden wonder- er, it ‘emitted’ its program. -
Destruction and Human Remains
Destruction and human remains HUMAN REMAINS AND VIOLENCE Destruction and human remains Destruction and Destruction and human remains investigates a crucial question frequently neglected in academic debate in the fields of mass violence and human remains genocide studies: what is done to the bodies of the victims after they are killed? In the context of mass violence, death does not constitute Disposal and concealment in the end of the executors’ work. Their victims’ remains are often treated genocide and mass violence and manipulated in very specific ways, amounting in some cases to true social engineering with often remarkable ingenuity. To address these seldom-documented phenomena, this volume includes chapters based Edited by ÉLISABETH ANSTETT on extensive primary and archival research to explore why, how and by whom these acts have been committed through recent history. and JEAN-MARC DREYFUS The book opens this line of enquiry by investigating the ideological, technical and practical motivations for the varying practices pursued by the perpetrator, examining a diverse range of historical events from throughout the twentieth century and across the globe. These nine original chapters explore this demolition of the body through the use of often systemic, bureaucratic and industrial processes, whether by disposal, concealment, exhibition or complete bodily annihilation, to display the intentions and socio-political frameworks of governments, perpetrators and bystanders. A NST Never before has a single publication brought together the extensive amount of work devoted to the human body on the one hand and to E mass violence on the other, and until now the question of the body in TTand the context of mass violence has remained a largely unexplored area. -
Zeugnisformen Berichte, Künstlerische Werke Und Erzählungen Von NS‑Verfolgten
Bildungsarbeit mit Zeugnissen ZEUGNISFORMen Berichte, künstlerische Werke und Erzählungen von NS‑Verfolgten Herausgegeben von Dagi Knellessen und Ralf Possekel Was bleibt, wenn die Zeuginnen und Zeugen der nationalsozialistischen Verbrechen gestorben sein werden? Seit Jahren ist diese Frage in allen gesellschaftlichen, wissenschaftlichen und pädagogischen Debatten über den Umgang mit der NS-Geschichte präsent. Was bleibt, sind die Zeugnisse, die Überlebende in ganz unterschiedlicher Form abgelegt haben: ihre Berichte, ihre literarischen, musikalischen und bildnerischen Verarbeitungen, ihre lebensgeschichtlichen Erzählungen, ihre Zeugenaussagen vor Gericht. Sie vermitteln eindrücklich die Auswirkungen und Schrecken der nationalsozialistischen Verfolgung. Aber sind sie Ga- ranten dafür, dass die spezifische Erfahrungsgeschichte der NS-Opfer auch künftig in der öffentlichen Erinnerungskultur und in der Bildung bewahrt werden wird? Welchen Stellenwert haben sie in der Geschichtsforschung zu Nationalsozialismus und Holocaust? Und wie lassen sie sich in der Bildungs- praxis am besten einsetzen? Die Veranstaltungsreihe „Entdecken und Ver- stehen. Bildungsarbeit mit Zeugnissen von Opfern des Nationalsozialismus“ der Stiftung „Erinnerung, Verantwortung und Zukunft“ (EVZ) ist diesen Fragen nachgegangen. In fünf Seminaren wurden neueste Forschungser- gebnisse sowie konkrete Bildungsmodule zu den wichtigsten Zeugnisfor- men vorgestellt und diskutiert. Die Resultate der Reihe sind in diesem Band dokumentiert. Reihe Bildungsarbeit mit Zeugnissen, Band