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A Comparison of the Corporate Structures and Delivery of City Services in Omaha and Manila Roberto Lazaro University of the City of Manila

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A Comparison of the Corporate Structures and Delivery of City Services in Omaha and Manila Roberto Lazaro University of the City of Manila University of Nebraska at Omaha DigitalCommons@UNO Publications Archives, 1963-2000 Center for Public Affairs Research 1984 A Comparison of the Corporate Structures and Delivery of City Services in Omaha and Manila Roberto Lazaro University of the City of Manila Floyd T. Waterman University of Nebraska at Omaha Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/cparpubarchives Part of the Demography, Population, and Ecology Commons, and the Public Affairs Commons Recommended Citation Lazaro, Roberto and Waterman, Floyd T., "A Comparison of the Corporate Structures and Delivery of City Services in Omaha and Manila" (1984). Publications Archives, 1963-2000. 233. https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/cparpubarchives/233 This Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Public Affairs Research at DigitalCommons@UNO. It has been accepted for inclusion in Publications Archives, 1963-2000 by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UNO. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A COMPARISON OF THE CORPORATE STRUCTURES AND DELIVERY OF CITY SERVICES IN OMAHA AND MANILA By Roberto B. Lazaro University of the City of Manila Assisted by Floyd T. Waterman University of Nebraska at Omaha CENTER FOR APPU£0 URBAN RfSIARCH ~ University of Nebraska at Omaha University of the City of Manila Printed in the United States of America by the University of Nebraska at Omaha The Omaha/Manila Applied Projects Program is jointly undertaken by the University of Nebraska at Omaha, U.S.A., and the University of the City of Manila, Philippines. This information was produced pursuant to Grant No. 87-345-113 to the University of Nebraska at Omaha from the United States Information Agency. Grantees undertaking projects under such government sponsorship are encouraged to express freely their professional judgment in the conduct of projects. Points of view or opinion stated here~ therefore, do not represent official positions or policy of the U.S. Information Agency, the University of the City of Manila, or the University of Nebraska at Omaha. TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements ................................................................ i v Foreword ........................................................................... v PART I: MANILA: PERSPECTIVES OF A PHILIPPINE PREMIERE CITY ••••••••••••••••• l I. Introduction •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 2 II. Historical Background and Geographic Setting •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 3 III. Internal Organizational Structures ...................................... B Legislative ••••••••••••••••••••••• G ....... e e ........................ · ....... a Political ..................................... ., .......................... 8 Administrative ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 13 Legislative ............................................................. 15 Judicial ............................................................... 15 IV.. External Linkages ........................................................... 19 National ................................................................ 19 Regional ................................................................ 21 V. The Urban Environment .................................................... 23 Geographical .......................................................... 23 Demographic ............................................................ 23 Physical .............................................................. 24 Economic ..................................................................... 26 VI. Delivery of City Services •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 28 Local services by national government ................................. 28 Local services by the regional government •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 29 Services by the local city government •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 32 VII. Impact on the Delivery of Services ••••••• ~•••••••••••••••••••••••••••39 Consequences of'the structure ......................................... 40 Consequences of the environment •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 42 PART II: OMAHA: PERSPECTIVES OF AN AMERICAN CITY ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 46 I. Introduction •••••• e ............................... ., .................... 47 II. Historical Sketch, Background, and Geographic Setting •••••••••••••••• 47 III. The Local Government Concept ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 52 IV. The City of Omaha ••••• •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ••••••••••••••••••• 56 V. Internal Organizational Structures ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 65 The executive function •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ~ ................. 65 The legislative function ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 66 The judicial function ................................................. 67 i VI. External Linkages •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 67 The state government ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 6 7 County governments ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 70 VII. Delivery of Services in the City ...................................... 71 Nationa1•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••71 State •••••• ••••••••••••••••••• •••···········••••••••••••••••••••••••••72 County ••••••••••••••••••••••••• ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••73 CitY•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••73 VIII. Intergovernmental Relations •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 75 Federal-city relations ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 7 5 State-city relations ••••• ~ ............................................. 77 County-city relations ................................................. 80 IX. The External Environment ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 80 PART III: COMPARATIVE SUMMARY •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 85 I. Introduction ........... c ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 86 II. The Comparative Settings .............................................. 86 III. Comparative History •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 87 IV. Comparative Political Structures ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 88 Administrative structures •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 88 The legislsative function •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 89 The judicial function ................................................. 89 Ve Comparative Urban Environment •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 89 Geographic ............................................................ 90 Demographic ............................................................. 9 0 Economic••••••e••••••••••••••••••••c•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••91 Political ............................................................. 91 VI. Comparative Delivery of Services ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 91 Legal services •••• c •••• o ................................................. 92 Personnel services ... ., ... ., ............................................... 92 Budget ••••••• eeo••••<>•e-••••••••••••&•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••92 Business permits. •••••••••••••• •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• •• 92 City planning •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 92 Parks and recreation .................................................. 93 Public library system .................................................. 93 Public works ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 93 Assessment ............................................................ 94 Revenue collection ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 94 Health services ......................................................... 94 Social services ....................................................... 95 Environmental sanitation .............................................. 9 5 Education •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 96 Police services ....................................................... 97 Collaborative efforts in service delivery •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 97 ii VII. Implications ................................................... G •••••• 98 VIII. The Urban Development Research Process ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 99 Primary health care •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ~ ••••••••••• 99 Cornrnunity education .................................................. 100 Developing the barangay concept ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• !Ol iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The writers wish to express appreciation to Chancellor Del Weber, University of Nebraska at Omaha, and to President Jose D. Villanueva, University of the City of Manila, for their encouragement in the faculty and research exchanges between the two universities. Dr. Vincent J. Webb, director of the Center for Applied Urban Research, visited Manila and worked with the writers in the planning of the research exchange and for this and other related publications, To Dr. Webb and his family, the senior author expresses appreciation for all of the kindnesses they extended to him. Marvin Barton, cartographer, worked with the writers in providing maps for this publication. Loni Saunders and Joyce Carson provided the word processing, and Marian Meier served as editor and assisted in the layout of the publication. Dr. Rebecca Fahrlander and Dr. Murray Frost, Center for Applied Urban Research, provided thoughtful reviews of the drafts. To each of these persons, the writers express sincere appreciation. December, 1984 Roberto
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