The Changing Character of Democracy in the Pre and Post Colonial Cameroon: an Old Practice, a New Word
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Status of Lgbti People in Cameroon, Gambia, Ghana and Uganda
STATUS OF LGBTI PEOPLE IN CAMEROON, GAMBIA, GHANA AND UGANDA 3.12.2015 Finnish Immigration Service Country Information Service Public Theme Report 1 (123) Table of contents Disclaimer .................................................................................................................................................... 3 List of Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................... 4 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 7 1.1. The colonial legacy of anti-sodomy laws ......................................................................................... 7 1.2. The significance of current laws criminalising same-sex conduct ............................................. 11 1.3. Particularities of the situation of lesbians and bisexual women................................................. 12 1.4. Particularities of the situation of transgender and intersex people ........................................... 14 1.5. Violations of international and regional human rights law .......................................................... 14 2. Cameroon .............................................................................................................................................. 18 2.1. The legal framework ........................................................................................................................ -
CASE STUDY CAMEROON THESIS Aw
T.C. ISTANBUL AYDIN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES INVESTIGATION ON CAUSES OF CIVIL WAR: CASE STUDY CAMEROON THESIS Awo EPEY P. Department of Political Science and International Relations Political Science and International Relations Program Thesis Advisor: Assist. Prof. Dr. Özüm Sezin UZUN June, 2019 T.C. ISTANBUL AYDIN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES INVESTIGATION ON CAUSES OF CIVIL WAR: CASE STUDY CAMEROON M. Sc. THESIS Awo EPEY P. (Y1812.110032) Department of Political Science and International Relations Political Science and International Relations Program Thesis Advisor: Assist. Prof. Dr. Özüm Sezin UZUN June, 2019 DEDICATION This work is specially dedicated to my lovely late mother Mami Dorothy Ngkanghe who had always wish to see me climb the academic ladder, and to my dear wife Violet Etona Rokende, my lovely kids Awo Dunia Rouge Nkanghe, Awo Mabel Rouge Oben, and my late junior brother Epey Cyprian Oben, for their constant moral supports. ii FOREWORD Glory to God Almighty who has made this piece of work possible. Except the Lord builds for his people, the builder builds in vain. My deepest appreciation goes to my Supervisor Assist. Prof. Dr. Özüm Sezin UZUN for her effort to the success of this work. “Thank you Doctor” is the supreme statement I can use to express my gratitude. Special thanks goes to my lecturers who directly or indirectly helped me out in this work; Dr.Egemen BAGIS, Prof. Hatice Deniz YUKSEKER, Assist. Prof. Dr. Özüm Sezin UZUN, Dr. Filiz KATMAN, Dr Gökhan DUMAN and all other lecturers in Istanbul Aydin University whose class lectures were very instrumental in the realization of this work. -
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20 Y ear s of Ne w Cons tuonal R 20 e Years of New f orms in E Constuonal Reforms as in Eastern Europe t ern Eur ope | Eastern European Experience E as t ern Eur Edited by opean Experience Gennadi N.Cebotarev Peeter Järvelaid Rein Müllerson 20 Years of New Constitutional Reforms in Eastern Europe. Eastern European Experience 20 Years of New Constitutional Reforms in Eastern Europe. Eastern European Experience Edited by Rein Müllerson Gennadi N.Cebotarev Peeter Järvelaid Tallinn University Law School 2015 EAST-WEST STUDIES Journal of Social Scienses of Tallinn University Law School Editorial Board of the Journal of Social Sciences of Tallinn University Law School Professor Peeter Järvelaid, Tallinn Univesity Law School, Estonia Professor Andreas Zimmermann, University of Potsdam, Germany Professor Rein Müllerson, Tallinn University Law School, Estonia President of the Institut de Droit International (2013-2015) Professor Lauri Mälksoo, Tartu University, Estonia Professor Sienho Yee, Wuhan University, China Professor Rein Raud, Tallinn University, Estonia Professor Martti Koskenniemi, Academy of Finland Professor Nigel White, The University of Nottingham, United Kingdom Professor, Dr.iur. Arturs Kucs, Head of Department of International and European Law University of Latvia Faculty of Law Professor Hugh Corder, of Public Law, University of Cape Town Associate Professor Mart Susi, Head of Research Tallinn University Law School, Estonia Dr. Marcel Szabó (PhD), Ombudsman for Future Generations at the Office of the Commissioner for Fundamental Rights,Hungary - Chair of the European Law Department at the Faculty of Law and Political Sciences of the Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Hungary Mr. Raivo Vare, Estonia Copyright 2015: Tallinn University Law School Narva mnt. -
The Concept of Constitution in the History of Political Thought
Arkadiusz Górnisiewicz and Bogdan Szlachta (Eds.) The Concept of Constitution in the History of Political Thought Arkadiusz Górnisiewicz and Bogdan Szlachta (Eds.) The Concept of Constitution in the History of Political Thought Managing Editor: Katarzyna Michalak Associate Editor: Arkadiusz Górnisiewicz Language Editor: Mark C. Anderson ISBN 978-3-11-058191-1 e-ISBN 978-3-11-058192-8 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/. © 2017 Arkadiusz Górnisiewicz, Bogdan Szlachta and chapter`s contributors. Published by De Gruyter Open Ltd, Warsaw/Berlin Part of Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston The book is published with open access at www.degruyter.com. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. Managing Editor: Katarzyna Michalak Associate Editor: Arkadiusz Górnisiewicz Language Editor: Mark C. Anderson www.degruyteropen.com Cover illustration: © 2017 4FR, gettyimages Complimentary copy, not for sale. Contents Editors’ Note and Acknowledgments IX Bogdan Szlachta 1 The Ambiguity of Constitutionalism 1 Bibliography 12 Paweł Kaczorowski 2 Epistemology of Constitution 14 2.1 Part One 14 2.2 Part Two 19 2.3 Conclusion 28 Bibliography 29 Alvydas Jokubaitis 3 Can the Constitution Do Away with Nation State? 32 3.1 The Phenomenon of Central and Eastern Europe 33 3.2 The Nature of the Nation State 36 3.3 The Conflict between Nation and -
Pan-African Pro-African
PAN AFRICAN VISIONS MARKETING AFRICAN SUCCESS STORIES & MORE MAG 1119 Vol 2, November 2019 www.panafricanvisions.com New Dawn In The Horizon For Africa -AU Trade Commissioner Albert Muchanga On Progress with the AfCFTA Mohamed Kag- Ethiopia: Abiy Reaps Cameroon: A Na- Why Buhari Was The Legend of nassy:The Presidential Big From Bold & Vi- tional Dialogue With Right To Visit Samuel Eto’o Guru Transforming sionary Leadership More Questions South Africa Agriculture in Africa Than Answers PAGE 8 PAGE 5 PAGE 12 PAGE 20 PAGE 42 PAN-AFRICAN PRO-AFRICAN www.centurionlg.com Contents PAN AFRICAN VISIONs CONTENTS A Noble Prize For Abiy Big Lessons For Africa ________2 Rwanda receives migrants from Libya _____________22 AU Trade Commissioner Muchanga on the Game Changing Schools: Useful in Theory, Useless in Practice? ________23 Prospects of the AfCFTA ______________________3 Investments in rail transport essential for the success of Ethiopian PM Abiy Ahmed's Nobel Peace Prize recognizes Africa's free-trade area ________________________24 efforts in breaking two decades of frozen conflict ____5 Rwanda's satellite RWASAT-1 to hit the orbit next month _25 Mohamed Kagnassy; The Agro-Preneur Restructuring Agri- Is Oil Discovery In Kenya A Blessings Or A Curse? _____28 culture & Rural Development Across Africa __________8 Academics Urge US Government To Channel More Resources South Sudan Peace Deal On Wobbly Stage ___________9 Towards Education And Scientific Research In Africa ___29 Promises of Cameroon's Major National Dialogue to restore A Lifeline for African and International Students In MPower peace in troubled English-speaking regions __________11 Financing _________________________________30 Will Cameroon's National Dialogue actually solve anything in With MPower, African Students Can Dare to Dream Big- NW, SWRs? _______________________________12 Georgetown Alum Grace Chimezie ________________33 How the 1996 constitution can take care of the nw/sw excep- Revisiting The Controversial Legacy of Robert Mugabe __34 tion: a legal perspective of a 'third option'. -
A Practical Guide to Constitution Building: Principles and Cross-Cutting Themes
A Practical Guide to Constitution Building: Principles and Cross-cutting Themes Nora Hedling This paper appears as chapter 2 of International IDEA’s publication A Practical Guide to Constitution Building. The full Guide is available in PDF and as an e-book at <http://www.idea.int> and includes an introductory chapter (chapter 1), and chapters on building a culture of human rights (chapter 3), constitution building and the design of the executive branch, the legislature and the judiciary (chapters 4, 5 and 6), and decentralized forms of government in relation to constitution building (chapter 7). International IDEA resources on Constitution Building A Practical Guide to Constitution Building: Principles and Cross-cutting Themes © International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA), 2011 This publication is independent of specific national or political interests. Views expressed in this publication do not necessarily represent the views of International IDEA, its Board or its Council of Member States, or those of the donors. Applications for permission to reproduce all or any part of this publication should be made to: International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA) Strömsborg SE -103 34 Stockholm Sweden Tel: +46-8-698 37 00 Fax: +46-8-20 24 22 Email: [email protected] Website: www.idea.int Design and layout by: Turbo Design, Ramallah Printed by: Bulls Graphics, Sweden Cover design by: Turbo Design, Ramallah Cover illustration by: Sharif Sarhan ISBN: 978-91-86565-29-9 This publication is produced as part of the Constitution Building Programme implemented by International IDEA with funding from the Royal Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. -
Voting for the Devil You Know: Understanding Electoral Behavior in Authoritarian Regimes
VOTING FOR THE DEVIL YOU KNOW: UNDERSTANDING ELECTORAL BEHAVIOR IN AUTHORITARIAN REGIMES A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Natalie Wenzell Letsa August 2017 © Natalie Wenzell Letsa 2017 VOTING FOR THE DEVIL YOU KNOW: UNDERSTANDING ELECTORAL BEHVAIOR IN AUTHORITARIAN REGIMES Natalie Wenzell Letsa, Ph. D. Cornell University 2017 In countries where elections are not free or fair, and one political party consistently dominates elections, why do citizens bother to vote? If voting cannot substantively affect the balance of power, why do millions of citizens continue to vote in these elections? Until now, most answers to this question have used macro-level spending and demographic data to argue that people vote because they expect a material reward, such as patronage or a direct transfer via vote-buying. This dissertation argues, however, that autocratic regimes have social and political cleavages that give rise to variation in partisanship, which in turn create different non-economic motivations for voting behavior. Citizens with higher levels of socioeconomic status have the resources to engage more actively in politics, and are thus more likely to associate with political parties, while citizens with lower levels of socioeconomic status are more likely to be nonpartisans. Partisans, however, are further split by their political proclivities; those that support the regime are more likely to be ruling party partisans, while partisans who mistrust the regime are more likely to support opposition parties. In turn, these three groups of citizens have different expressive and social reasons for voting. -
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60 JOURNAL OF AFRICAN ELECTIONS ELECTION MANAGEMENT IN CAMEROON Progress, Problems And Prospects Thaddeus Menang Thaddeus Menang is Advisor at the National Elections Observatory P O Box 13506, Yaoundé, Cameroon Tel.: + 237 771 55 71 e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Judged by internationally accepted norms and standards election management in Cameroon stands out as peculiar in more than one respect. Firstly, election management tasks are performed by a multiplicity of bodies and institutions, making it difficult to determine who is really responsible at each stage of the process. Secondly, the conduct of elections is governed by a battery of cross-referencing laws which election stakeholders often find hard to interpret and apply. The problems arising from this situation need to be and are, presently, being addressed within the framework of reforms that target, on the one hand, the adoption of a single, updated and enforceable electoral law and, on the other, the setting up of a viable election management body and the introduction of modern management methods. INTRODUCTION Whereas in the older and better-established democracies of the world election management has become a routine that, more often than not, produces satisfactory results, most of the budding democracies of the Third World are still grappling with the problem of determining which election management procedures are best suited to their specific national contexts. The older democracies themselves tend to differ one from the other, not only in terms of the electoral systems they have put in place but also as regards the specific election management procedures they have adopted. These variations raise the question of whether the management of elections in a democratic context can be said to be governed by a set of internationally accepted norms and standards. -
Journal 3.1 Osaghae
74 JOURNAL OF AFRICAN ELECTIONS INDEPENDENT CANDIDATURE AND THE ELECTORAL PROCESS IN AFRICA Churchill Ewumbue-Monono Dr Churchill Ewumbue-Monono is Minister-Counsellor in the Cameroon Embassy in Russia UI Povarskaya, 40, PO Box 136, International Post, Moscow, Russian Federation Tel: +290 65 49/2900063; Fax: +290 6116 e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT This study reviews the participation of independent, non-partisan candidates in Africa. It examines the development of competitive elections on the continent between 1945 and 2005, a period which includes both decolonisation and democratic transition elections. It also focuses on the participation of independent candidates in these elections at both legislative and presidential levels. It further analyses the place of independent candidature in the continent’s future electoral processes. INTRODUCTION The concept of political independence, whether it refers to voters or to candidates, describes an individual’s non-attachment to and non-identification with a political party. Generally, voter-centred political independence takes the form of independent voters who, when registering to vote, do not declare their affiliation to a political party. There are also swing or floating voters, who vote independently for personalities or issues not for parties, and switch voters, who are registered voters with a history of crossing party lines. Furthermore, candidate-centred political independence may take the form of apolitical, independent, non-partisan candidates, as well as official and unofficial party candidates (Safire 1968, p 658). The recognition of political independence as a feature of the electoral process has led to the involvement of ‘independent personalities’ in managing election institutions. Examples are ‘independent judiciaries’, ‘independent electoral commissions’, and ‘independent election observers’. -
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women
UNITED NATIONS CEDAW Convention on the Elimination Distr. of All Forms of Discrimination GENERAL against Women CEDAW/C/CMR/1 9 May 1999 ENGLISH ORIGINAL: FRENCH COMMITTEE ON THE ELIMINATION OF DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN (CEDAW) CONSIDERATION OF REPORTS SUBMITTED BY STATES PARTIES UNDER ARTICLE 18 OF THE CONVENTION ON THE ELIMINATION OF ALL FORMS OF DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN Initial reports of States parties CAMEROON 99-22520 (E) /... CEDAW/C/CMR/1 English Page 2 CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION .............................................................. 7 PART ONE. GENERAL BACKGROUND TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONVENTION ..... 8 Chapter I. Overview of Cameroon .......................................... 8 I.1. Land, people and economy ........................................... 8 I.2. Legal, political and economic system ............................... 10 I.3. Legal machinery for the protection of human rights ................. 13 Chapter II. Legal, political and administrative measures adopted to give effect to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women ................................. 15 II.1. Incorporation of the Convention in the domestic legal system ....... 15 II.2. National machinery for the advancement of women .................... 15 PART TWO. SPECIFIC INFORMATION ON EACH PROVISION OF THE CONVENTION ....... 20 Chapter I. Constitutional and legal framework for the protection of the rights of women (articles 1-3) ................................ 20 I.1. Embodiment of the principle of the equality of men and women in the Constitution and other legislation of Cameroon ..................... 20 I.2. Lack of a legal definition of discrimination ....................... 21 I.3. Existence of provisions and practices that discriminate against women .............................................................. 21 I.4. Political, social and economic measures to ensure the full development and advancement of women ............................... 24 I.5. -
2018 EISA Annual Report
EISA ANNUAL REPORT 2018 Annual Report 2018 Electoral Institute for Sustainable Democracy in Africa i Annual Report 2018 iii EISA ANNUAL REPORT 2018 about eisa TYPE OF ORGANISATION EISA is an independent, non-profit non-partisan non- governmental organisation whose focus is elections, OUR VISION democracy and governance in Africa. AN AFRICAN CONTINENT WHERE DATE OF ESTABLISHMENT DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE, July 1996. HUMAN RIGHTS AND CITIZEN OUR PARTNERS PARTICIPATION ARE UPHELD IN A Electoral management bodies, political parties, civil society PEACEFUL ENVIRONMENT. organisations, local government structures, parliaments, and national, Pan-African organisations, Regional OUR MISSION Economic Communities and donors. EISA STRIVES FOR EXCELLENCE OUR APPROACH IN THE PROMOTION OF Through innovative and trust-based partnerships throughout the African continent and beyond, EISA CREDIBLE ELECTIONS, CITIZEN engages in mutually beneficial capacity reinforcement PARTICIPATION, AND THE activities aimed at enhancing all partners’ interventions in STRENGTHENING OF POLITICAL the areas of elections, democracy and governance. INSTITUTIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE OUR STRUCTURE DEMOCRACY IN AFRICA. EISA consists of a Board of Directors comprised of stakeholders from the African continent and beyond. The Board provides strategic leadership and upholds financial accountability and oversight. EISA has as its patron Sir Ketumile Masire, the former President of Botswana. The Executive Director is supported by an Operations Director and Finance and Administration Department. EISA's focused programmes include: Elections and Political Processes Balloting and Electoral Services Governance Institutions and Processes Supporting Transitions and Electoral Processes Programme In 2018 EISA had 7 field offices, namely, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Madagascar, Mali, Mozambique, Somalia, and Zimbabwe and a Central Africa regional office (Gabon). -
Lifting Labor's Voice: a Principled Path Toward Greater Worker Voice
The Center for Law and Economic Studies Columbia University School of Law 435 West 116th Street New York, NY 10027-7201 (212) 854-3739 Lifting Labor’s Voice: A Principled Path Toward Greater Worker Voice and Power Within American Corporate Governance Leo E. Strine, Jr. Aneil Kovvali Oluwatomi O. Williams Working Paper No. _____ February 24, 2021 Do not quote or cite without author’s permission. An index to the working papers in the Columbia Law School Working Paper Series is located at https://law-economic-studies.law.columbia.edu/content/working-papers University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School ILE INSTITUTE FOR LAW AND ECONOMICS A Joint Research Center of the Law School, the Wharton School, and the Department of Economics in the School of Arts and Sciences at the University of Pennsylvania ______________________________________________________________________________ RESEARCH PAPER NO. 21-09 Lifting Labor’s Voice: A Principled Path Toward Greater Worker Voice and Power Within American Corporate Governance Leo E. Strine, Jr. UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA CAREY LAW SCHOOL COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF LAW HARVARD PROGRAM ON CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Aneil Kovvali UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO LAW SCHOOL Oluwatomi O. Williams This paper can be downloaded without charge from the Social Science Research Network Electronic Paper Collection: https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3792492 HARVARD LAW SCHOOL PROGRAM ON CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Lifting Labor’s Voice: A Principled Path Toward Greater Worker Voice and Power Within American Corporate Governance Leo E. Strine, Jr. Aneil Kovvali Oluwatomi O. Williams Discussion Paper No. 2021-3 2/2021 Harvard Law School Cambridge, MA 02138 This paper can be downloaded without charge from the Social Science Research Network Electronic Paper Collection: https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3792492 LIFTING LABOR’S VOICE: A PRINCIPLED PATH TOWARD GREATER WORKER VOICE AND POWER WITHIN AMERICAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Leo E.