Thesis Analyzes and Monitors the Evolution of Spoken Korean with Regards to Major Political and Social Changes on the Korean Peninsula

ABSTRACT

An Investigation of the Evolution from Old Spoken Korean to Contemporary Spoken Korean

Timothy Tatéossian-Zortian

Director: Sonia Kim Uber

This thesis analyzes and monitors the evolution of spoken Korean with regards to major political and social changes on the Korean peninsula. The first chapter considers significant historical events prior to 1948 and how they affected spoken Korean. The second chapter discusses how the Korean language has changed since 1948, particularly between North

Korea and South Korea. The final chapter examines how the technological revolution has impacted speech in a modern Korea. It also considers modern cultural trends – such as

‘aegyo’ culture and the rise of e-games – into the forming of this dynamic language.

APPROVED BY DIRECTOR OF HONORS THESIS:

______

Prof. Sonia Kim Uber, Department of Modern Languages and Cultures

APPROVED BY THE HONORS PROGRAM:

______

Dr. Elizabeth Corey, Director

Date: ______

AN INVESTIGATION OF THE EVOLUTION FROM OLD SPOKEN KOREAN TO

CONTEMPORARY SPOKEN KOREAN

A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of

Baylor University

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the

Honors Program

Timothy Tatéossian-Zortian

Waco, Texas

May 2020

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction to Thesis ...... 1

Chapter One: A Brief History of the Spoken Korean Language until 1948 . 2

Chapter Two: Korean Language 1948 – Present . . . . 9

Chapter Three: Modern Korean in the Internet Age . . . . 17

Conclusion to Thesis ...... 36

Bibliography ...... 37

INTRODUCTION TO THESIS

D[oVPY WLYRuLRP Ts L OdYLmTN LYO OTaP]sP PYtTtd. ;Y LOOTtToY to PctP]YLW

WTYRuTstTNLW TYfWuPYNPs, L NouYt]dks ]PWTRToY, [oWTtTNs, LYO NuWtu]P LWW SPLaTWd TYfWuPYNP

L [L]tTNuWL] [Po[WPsk s[oVPY WLYRuLRP. ESTs tSPsTs bTWW Pc[Wo]P tSP TYfWuPYNPs

Tm[LNtTYR moOP]Y s[oVPY Ko]PLY f]om Tts PL]WTP] ]oots to ]PNPYt TYtP]YPt sWLYR. ;t bTWW LWso OTsNuss sTRYTfTNLYt WLYOmL]V PaPYts, suNS Ls tSP N]PLtToY of tSP Ko]PLY

LW[SLMPt LYO tSP OTaTsToY of tSP [PYTYsuWL, LYO Sob tSPd SLaP Tm[LNtPO tSP s[oVPY

WLYRuLRP.

ESP fT]st NSL[tP] bTWW OPsN]TMP fo]NPs TY tSP PaoWutToY of s[oVPY Ko]PLY f]om

Tts PL]WTPst tTmPs uYtTW (04/, L mLUo] PaPYt Ou]TYR bSTNS tSP [PYTYsuWL MPNLmP

TYOP[PYOPYt. ESP sPNoYO NSL[tP] OTsNussPs mLUo] fo]NPs NSLYRTYR s[oVPY Ko]PLY

LftP] (04/. ;Y [L]tTNuWL], Tt bTWW Nom[L]P tSP s[oVPY WLYRuLRPs of No]tS LYO DoutS

Ko]PL. 8TYLWWd, tSP tST]O NSL[tP] bTWW Pm[SLsTeP Sob RWoMLWTeLtToY i s[PNTfTNLWWd tSP ;YtP]YPt - LffPNtPO LYO NoYtTYuPs to Tm[LNt s[oVPY Ko]PLY.

CHAPTER ONE

A Brief History of the Spoken Korean Language until 1948

ESP Ko]PLY WLYRuLRP Ts NoYsTOP]PO uYTquP [L]tWd OuP to Tts WL]RPWd uYVYobY o]TRTYs. LTYRuTsts SLaP LttPm[tPO to t]LNP Tts o]TRTYs Md NWLssTfdTYR Tt Ls LY 3WtLTN

WLYRuLRP LWoYR bTtS MoYRoWTLY, Eu]VTsS, LYO JL[LYPsP. :obPaP], OPs[TtP tSPT] MPst

Pffo]ts, tSP PcLNt o]TRTYs of tSP Ko]PLY WLYRuLRP stTWW ]PmLTY L mdstP]d3. 7aPY tSouRS tSP []PNTsP o]TRTYs of Ko]PLY mLd Yot MP VYobY, sNSoWL]s SLaP Yot sto[[PO f]om

OPOuNTYR Sob tSP LYNTPYt VTYROoms of Ko]PL s[oVP LYO TYtP]LNtPO bTtS PLNS otSP]

LYO otSP] [Po[WPs L]ouYO tSPm. ;Y tSP (,2h NPYtu]d, tSP TYaPYtToY of tSP Ko]PLY

LW[SLMPt, :LYRPuW, NLtLWdePO NSLYRP tSLt bouWO MP aP]d TYfWuPYtTLW TY tSP PaoWutToY of s[oVPY Ko]PLY. 3s tSP moOP]Y P]L L[[]oLNSPO, tSP TYfWuPYNP of fo]PTRY [obP]s

LYO tSPT] WLYRuLRPs oY tSP Ko]PLY s[oVPY WLYRuLRP TYN]PLsPO LYO MPNLmP PaP] mo]P L[[L]PYt. EoOLd, Ls L ]PsuWt of tSPsP fo]PTRY TYfWuPYNPs, moOP]Y s[oVPY

Ko]PLY Ts L NoWo]fuW mTc of [u]P Ko]PLY bo]Os LYO WoLY bo]Os f]om 5STYPsP,

7YRWTsS, JL[LYPsP, 8]PYNS, LYO mLYd otSP] WLYRuLRPs16.

Origins of Spoken Language during Three Kingdoms Era

ESP PL]WTPst b]TttPY ]PNo]Os of [Po[WP WTaTYR TY tSP Ko]PLY [PYTYsuWL OLtP

MLNV to tSP .2h NPYtu]d 457. BP]SL[s Yot too su][]TsTYRWd, Pct]PmPWd fPb ]PNo]Os

SLaP su]aTaPO f]om tSTs P]L tSLt RTaPs us NWuPs Ls to bSLt tSPT] s[oVPY WLYRuLRP mTRSt MP WTVP3. ESP dPL] ,. 4.5.7 Ts tSP RPYP]LWWd LNNP[tPO [P]ToO bSPY tSP 3

VTYROom P]L of 4LPVUP (백제), DSTWWL (신라), LYO 9oRu]dPo (고구려) stL]tPO11. ;t Ts

Ou]TYR tSTs tTmP tSLt WTYRuTsts SLaP [ut toRPtSP] somP TOPLs LMout tSP LYNTPYt s[oVPY

WLYRuLRP. DNSoWL]s WTVP 9u 6LP IuW (구대열) stuOTPO LYNTPYt L]NSTaPs, ]PNo]Os, LYO

MooVs f]om tSP tS]PP VTYROom tTmP [P]ToO LYO NoYNWuOPO tSLt bSTWP tSP VTYROoms usPO OTffP]PYt OTLWPNts, tSPd NouWO stTWW NommuYTNLtP bTtS PLNS otSP]2. :Ts ]PsPL]NS

TYOTNLtPs tSLt, TY LOOTtToY, s[PPNS bLs []oMLMWd Yot tSP oYWd fLNto] TY

NommuYTNLtToY. :P suRRPstPO, mo]PoaP], tSLt otSP] fLNto]s suNS Ls MoOd WLYRuLRP

LTOPO TYtP]-VTYROom NommuYTNLtToY. :obPaP], bSPY tSP DSTWWL KTYROom uYTfTPO tSP [PYTYsuWL TY 03, 57, Tts s[oVPY WLYRuLRP bouWO PaPYtuLWWd NomP to OomTYLtP

LWW otSP] s[oVPY fo]ms2. ESP suMsPquPYt PaoWutToY of tSP LYNTPYt DSTWWL s[oVPY

WLYRuLRP RLaP ]TsP to tSP moOP]Y Ko]PLY WLYRuLRP [Po[WP VYob LYO s[PLV toOLd.

Creation of Hangeul in 1443 CE

;t bouWO Yot MP uYtTW LftP] tSP DSTWWL 6dYLstd uYTfTPO tSP Ko]PLY [PYTYsuWL

TY 03, 57( tSLt L ]PNoRYTeLMWP uYTfTPO Ko]PLY WLYRuLRP bouWO MPRTY to L[[PL].

7aPY tSouRS, Ou]TYR tSTs P]L, tSP s[oVPY WLYRuLRP bLs bSLt bouWO MP VYobY LYO

]PNoRYTePO Ls Ko]PLY, tSP b]TttPY WLYRuLRP sN]T[t bLs Mo]]obPO f]om 5STYPsP

NSL]LNtP]s NLWWPO :LYUL (한자). 6uP to tSPsP NSL]LNtP]sk Nom[WPcTtd, oYWd tSP u[[P]

NWLss LYO sNSoWL]s NouWO Lffo]O tSP tTmP LYO Pffo]t to WPL]Y Sob to b]TtP, WPLaTYR tSP WobP] NWLssPs bTtS aT]tuLWWd Yo o[[o]tuYTtd to WPL]Y(,17.

ESTs sTtuLtToY NSLYRPO O]LstTNLWWd bSPY TY (443 57 KTYR DPUoYR LYO STs sNSoWL]s TYt]oOuNPO tSP :uYmTYUPoYRPum (훈민정음), LY LW[SLMPt fo] STs [Po[WP to

WPL]Y Sob to ]PLO LYO b]TtP, VYobY toOLd Ls :LYRPuW (한글). :obPaP], OuP to tSP

P]Lks sSLVd LYO uY[]POTNtLMWP [oWTtTNLW sTtuLtToY LYO tSP st]oYR o[[osTtToY to tSP

LW[SLMPt Md tSP L]TstoN]LNd bSo PYUodPO MPTYR tSP oYWd WTtP]LtP NWLss, tSP YPbWd

N]PLtPO LW[SLMPt bLs Yot TmmPOTLtPWd Tm[WPmPYtPO, LYO tSP soNTPtd of tSP OLd

NoYtTYuPO to usP 5STYPsP NSL]LNtP]s Ls tSPT] mLTY b]TttPY sN]T[t17.

6Ps[TtP tSTs OPWLdPO L[[WTNLtToY of tSP YPb LW[SLMPt, tSP N]PLtToY of :LYRPuW

SLO L sTRYTfTNLYt TYfWuPYNP oY tSP s[oVPY WLYRuLRP of tSP Ko]PLY [PYTYsuWL. AYP suNS Tm[LNt bLs tSP stL]t of L uYTfdTYR O]TaP bSP]P tSP TOPYtTtd of MPTYR lKo]PLYm stL]tPO to tLVP sSL[P. Nob tSLt L uYTquPWd lKo]PLYm b]TtTYR sdstPm bLs TYaPYtPO to Nom[WPmPYt tSP uYTquPWd lKo]PLYm souYOs LYO aobPWs, Ko]PLYs stL]tPO to

OPaPWo[ tSPT] obY OTstTYNtTaP TOPYtTtd sP[L]LtP f]om tSLt of otSP] YPL]Md [obP]s suNS Ls 5STYL17.

European & US Influence

7u]o[PLYs fT]st MPNLmP LbL]P of Ko]PLks (Lt tSP tTmP, JosPoY 6dYLstd)

PcTstPYNP most WTVPWd Ou]TYR tSP (-2h NPYtu]d bSPY tSP D[LYTsS LYO Bo]tuRuPsP bP]P

Nom[PtTYR LRLTYst PLNS otSP] fo] t]LOTYR MPYPfTts bTtS JL[LY19. :obPaP], OuP to tSP fLNt tSLt Ko]PL bLs smLWWP] TY sTeP, quTtP SostTWP to fo]PTRYP]s, LYO PmM]oTWPO TY bL]s bTtS Tts YPTRSMo]s, tSP [PYTYsuWL bLs Yot o[PY LYO bPWNomTYR tobL]Os tSP

PL]Wd 7u]o[PLY t]LOP]s. 3s L ]PsuWt, most of tSP 7u]o[PLY t]LOTYR LYO Pc[Wo]LtToY

TY PLst 3sTL oNNu]]PO oY 5STYPsP o] JL[LYPsP soTW bSP]PLs Ko]PL ]PmLTYPO oYWd L aLRuP ]PfP]PYNP to L OTffP]PYt WLYO TY tSP mPmoT]s of tSP PL]Wd mP]NSLYts o] to LY uYVYobY [PYTYsuWL] TsWLYO oY tSP No]YP] of L mL[19.

ESP fT]st moOP]Y HPstP]Y TYfWuPYNPs oY tSP Ko]PLY WLYRuLRP t]LNP tSPT] ]oots to tSP (02h NPYtu]d bSP]P TY (/.-, tSP JosPoY OdYLstd sTRYPO tSPT] fT]st moOP]Y t]PLtd bTtS JL[LY17. DooY, otSP] bPstP]Y NouYt]TPs suNS Ls tSP FYTtPO DtLtPs, 4]TtLTY,

LYO 8]LYNP, PLNS j[P]suLOPOk JosPoY to sTRY sP[L]LtP t]PLtTPs. ;Y (//3, JosPoY fouYOPO Tts fT]st moOP]Y sNSooW TY o]OP] to tPLNS TYtP][]PtP]s. F[ to tSTs [oTYt, fo]PTRY WLYRuLRP TYfWuPYNPs oY s[oVPY Ko]PLY bP]P mTYTmLW2 SobPaP], tSTs NSLYRPO

TY (//, bSPY :o]LNP 9]LYt FYOP]booO LYO :PY]d 9P]SL]O 3[[PYePWWP] bP]P tSP fT]st WPRLW mTssToYL]TPs LWWobPO oY Ko]PLY WLYO). HSPY tSPd fouYOPO tSPT] WLYRuLRP sNSooWs TY Ko]PL, tSPT] YLtTaP bPstP]Y toYRuPs MPNLmP L [obP]fuW TYfWuPYNP oY tSP

PaoWutToY of tSP Ko]PLY WLYRuLRP.

AYP [obP]fuW fo]NP fo] tSP TYsP]tToY of fo]PTRY aoNLMuWL]d TYto s[oVPY

Ko]PLY bLs YPbs[L[P]s. NPbs[L[P]s, WTVP tSP :LYsoYR DuYMo (한성순보) TY (//3, bP]P []TYtPO TY 5STYPsP NSL]LNtP]s LYO SLO suNS L fo]mLW toYP tSLt PaPY LftP]

[uMWTsSTYR L fPb L]tTNWPs usTYR tSP Ko]PLY LW[SLMPt, tSPd bP]P Yot []ofTtLMWP LYO sSut OobY. :obPaP], tSLt bLs Yot to mPLY tSLt YPbs[L[P]s bouWO Yot [WLd L futu]P ]oWP TY []o[LRLtTYR fo]PTRY bo]Os TYto tSP WTaPs of PaP]dOLd Ko]PLYs. ;Y (/0-,

[P]ToOTNLWs [uMWTsSTYR soWPWd TY :LYRPuW, WTVP tSP ;YOP[PYOPYt (독립 JOoV]T[K), bP]P

Yot oYWd fuWW of TYs[T]LtToY fo] L MPttP] WTfP, Mut LWso u]RPO tSPT] ]PLOP]s to LOo[t bPstP]Y t]LOTtToYs. BP]SL[s tSP suNNPss of TYtPR]LtTYR fo]PTRY bo]Os TYto s[oVPY

Ko]PLY WLYRuLRP bLs L mP]P NoYsPquPYNP sTYNP tSP sLmP YPbs[L[P]s LOaoNLtTYR

]Pfo]m LWso [uMWTsSPO mPssLRPs NLWWTYR fo] tSP LOo[tToY of bPstP]Y NuWtu]P17.

Japanese Influences

6uP to tSPT] []ocTmTtd to oYP LYotSP], JL[LY LYO Ko]PL sSL]P L WoYR STsto]d.

HSPtSP] tSPT] ]PWLtToYsST[ bLs oYP of L stLtP of bL] o] [PLNPfuW t]LOP, JL[LYks

st]oYRPst TYfWuPYNP oY tSP Ko]PLY WLYRuLRP tooV [WLNP Ou]TYR Tts oNNu[LtToY of

Ko]PL f]om (0(0 to (04,. 6u]TYR tSTs [P]ToO, tSP JL[LYPsP Pm[T]P su[[]PssPO LWW

Ls[PNts of tSP Ko]PLY WLYRuLRP TY []PfP]PYNP to tSP RWo]TfTNLtToY of tSP JL[LYPsP

WLYRuLRP. 3s L ]PsuWt, LWW sNSooWs tLuRSt JL[LYPsP LYO Tt MPNLmP TWWPRLW to usP o] s[PLV Ko]PLY LYO usP Tts LW[SLMPt. AY tSP otSP] SLYO, tSP su[[]PssToY of LYdtSTYR l[u]PWd Ko]PLYm mLOP :LYRPuW L sdmMoW of OPfTLYNP tobL]Os JL[LYPsP oNNu[LtToY.

ESTs, TY tu]Y, NLusPO L ]TsP TY :LYRPuWks [o[uWL]Ttd Ls tSP tT]PO LYO su[[]PssPO

[o[uWLtToY ]Ps[PNtPO tSP WPLOP]s of ]PaoWutToY bSo usPO tSP LW[SLMPt9.

6u]TYR oNNu[LtToY, tSP offTNTLW WLYRuLRP of Ko]PL bLs JL[LYPsP, LYO Ls suNS,

LWW [oWTtTNs, POuNLtToY, LYO t]LOP bP]P NL]]TPO out TY JL[LYPsP. 3s tSP JL[LYPsP

Pm[T]P souRSt to Pc[LYO Tts [obP] LYO TYfWuPYNP, Tt NLmP TY NoYtLNt bTtS otSP]

WLYRuLRPs. 3s L ]PsuWt, bo]Os Mo]]obPO f]om tSosP WLYRuLRPs of NouYt]TPs uYOP]

JL[LYPsP OomTYLtToY, MPNLmP [L]t of tSP s[oVPY JL[LYPsP WLYRuLRP. ESosP bo]Os bP]P tSPY TYNo][o]LtPO TYto tSP Ko]PLY WLYRuLRP LftP] Ko]PL RLTYPO TYOP[PYOPYNP3.

MLYd of tSP WoLY bo]Os usPO TY moOP]Y s[oVPY Ko]PLY toOLd bP]P o]TRTYLWWd JL[LYPsP aoNLMuWL]d tSLt [LssPO to s[oVPY Ko]PLY Ou]TYR tSP oNNu[LtToY

[P]ToO. 3s L ]PsuWt, mLYd WoLY bo]Os moOP]Y s[PLVP]s usP toOLd L]P sTm[Wd tSP

Ko]PLY []oYuYNTLtToY of tSP JL[LYPsP WoLY bo]Os bSTNS TY tu]Y NLmP f]om L

OTffP]PYt WLYRuLRP. 3ftP] tSP oNNu[LtToY, tSPsP []oYuYNTLtToYs bP]P ]P[WLNPO TY fLao] of tSP Ko]PLY []oYuYNTLtToY of tSP YLtTaP WLYRuLRPks bo]O3,10.

Conclusions

DTYNP Ko]PLY Ts LY TsoWLtPO WLYRuLRP bTtS WTttWP uYOP]stLYOTYR of Tts PcLNt o]TRTYs, Tt Ts aT]tuLWWd Tm[ossTMWP to OPtP]mTYP PL]Wd TYfWuPYNPs oY oWO s[oVPY Ko]PLY.

NPaP]tSPWPss, sNSoWL]s SLaP OPNT[SP]PO tSP sTtuLtToY of s[oVPY Ko]PLY MLNV to tSP tS]PP VTYROom [P]ToO. DTYNP tSPY, mLYd Pc[P]ts SLaP PctPYsTaPWd foWWobPO tSP

PaoWutToY of s[oVPY Ko]PLY LmTOst NSLYRPs TY b]TttPY WLYRuLRPs, fo]PTRY TYfWuPYNPs,

LYO NoWoYTeLtToY. 3s tSTs fT]st NSL[tP]ks [u][osP bLs oYWd to TYt]oOuNP L M]TPf

STsto]d of s[oVPY Ko]PLY tS]ouRSout tSP NPYtu]TPs, tSP YPct oYP bTWW foNus oY

NSLYRPs TY moOP]Y s[oVPY Ko]PLY.

CHAPTER TWO

Korean Language from 1948 to Present

3ftP] tSP DPNoYO Ho]WO HL] PYOPO LYO JL[LY sTRYPO L [PLNP t]PLtd bTtS tSP

FYTtPO DtLtPs, L [obP] aLNuum bLs N]PLtPO bSPY tSP JL[LYPsP oNNu[TP]s WPft tSP

[PYTYsuWL. DTYNP tSP FYTtPO DtLtPs LYO tSP DoaTPt FYToY SLO MPPY Lt bL] LRLTYst

JL[LY, MotS [obP]s bLYtPO to PcP]t tSPT] TYfWuPYNP oY tSP fo]mP] JL[LYPsP NoWoYd.

3s suNS, tSPd LR]PPO oY L OTaTsToY i tSP Yo]tSP]Y [o]tToY of tSP [PYTYsuWL bouWO

]PmLTY L [u[[Pt stLtP of tSP DoaTPt FYToY bSTWP tSP soutSP]Y SLWf bouWO ]PmLTY uYOP] FD TYfWuPYNP. :obPaP], TY JuWd (0,0, tSP DoaTPt-MLNVPO fo]NPs of No]tS

Ko]PL TYaLOPO DoutS Ko]PL TY LY uYOPNWL]PO bL], uYWPLsSTYR tSP tS]PP-dPL] WoYR

Ko]PLY HL]. ESP NoYfWTNt PYOPO oYWd TY L NPLsP-fT]P LYO tSP N]PLtToY of L

OPmTWTtL]TePO eoYP, PffPNtTaPWd NuttTYR off LYd NommuYTNLtToY MPtbPPY tSP tbo Yob

Nom[WPtPWd OPstTtutP stLtPs. DTmTWL] to tSP NLsP MPtbPPY 7Lst 9P]mLYd LYO HPst

9P]mLYd, tSP tbo Ko]PLs OPaPWo[PO mLYd OTstTYNtToYs MPtbPPY tSPT] ]Ps[PNtTaP s[oVPY WLYRuLRPs3). ESTs NSL[tP] NoYtTYuPs tSP TYaPstTRLtToY TYto tSP OTffP]PYNPs TY tSP PaoWutToY of s[oVPY Ko]PLY TY MotS No]tS LYO DoutS Ko]PL.

Evolution of Spoken Korean in South Korea

3ftP] (04/, Ko]PLY bLs ]PTYstTtutPO Ls tSP offTNTLW WLYRuLRP of tSP [PYTYsuWL,

PffPNtTaPWd ]P[WLNTYR JL[LYPsP. 7aPY tSPY, most tPcts stTWW usPO MotS :LYRPuW LYO t]LOTtToYLW 5STYPsP NSL]LNtP]s. H]TttPY tPcts ]PmLTYPO tSTs bLd uYtTW BL]V JuYR :PP

(박정희) []o[osPO LYO Tm[WPmPYtPO L [WLY TY (0-/ to ]Pfo]m tSP Ko]PLY WLYRuLRP oaP] tSP foWWobTYR , dPL]s. 9]LOuLWWd, Ko]PLY WPttP]s NLmP to ]P[WLNP 5STYPsP

NSL]LNtP]s, tSus TYTtTLtTYR tSPT] OPNWTYP TY Ko]PLY soNTPtd. 3 NoYsPquPYNP of tSTs t]LYsTtToY bLs tSP OPaPWo[mPYt LYO soWTOTfTNLtToY of tSP Ko]PLY NuWtu]P. 3s MotS

JL[LYPsP LYO 5STYPsP bP]P MPTYR ]P[WLNPO Md [u]PWd Ko]PLY WPttP]s LYO souYOs, L sPYsP of uYTtd L]osP1,.

BP]SL[s T]oYTNLWWd, bTtS tSP Pffo]t to P]LOTNLtP tSP TYfWuPYNP of [L]tTNuWL]

WLYRuLRPs suNS Ls 5STYPsP LYO JL[LYPsP, otSP] bPstP]Y WLYRuLRPs sWobWd MPNLmP

TYNo][o]LtPO TYto s[oVPY Ko]PLY. 6Ps[TtP tSLt RPYP]LW t]PYO i TYNWuOTYR NSLYRPs suNS Ls ]P[WLNTYR jWuYNSMock f]om tSP JL[LYPsP j弁 JMPYtoKk to tSP YLtTaP Ko]PLY bo]O j도시락 JOosT]LVKk - Ko]PLY bouWO ]PmLTY L OTaP]sP WLYRuLRP. 8oWWobTYR tSP

OTaTsToY of tSP [PYTYsuWL LftP] tSP Ko]PLY bL], DoutS Ko]PL bLs [ut uYOP] FD

TYfWuPYNP, LYO so 7YRWTsS bo]Os suNS Ls jNom[utP]k LYO jMusk bP]P RTaPY L Ko]PLY

[]oYuYNTLtToY i 컴퓨터 JVom[dutPoK LYO 버스 JMPosPuK ]Ps[PNtTaPWd - LYO

TYNo][o]LtPO TYto PaP]d OLd, TYfo]mLW s[PPNS10. 7aPYtuLWWd, otSP] bPstP]Y WLYRuLRPs

LYO NuWtu]Ps, suNS Ls 8]PYNS LYO 9P]mLY, LWso NLmP to Ko]PL. DTmTWL] to 7YRWTsS, somP of tSosP NuWtu]Psk bo]Os LYO Pc[]PssToYs - suNS Ls j빵 (4hLYR)k f]om tSP

8]PYNS bo]O fo] M]PLO, [LTY LYO j아르바이트 (L]PuMLTtPu) f]om tSP 9P]mLY bo]O fo] bo]V, L]MPTt - bP]P LWso LOo[tPO TYto DoutS Ko]PLYks NoWWoquTLW s[PPNS.

7aPYtuLWWd, tSP ;YtP]YPt, LWoYR bTtS Tts TYtP]YLtToYLW s[SP]P of TYfWuPYNP, bouWO

M]TYR PaPY R]PLtP] NSLYRPs to MP OTsNussPO TY tSP YPct NSL[tP].

ESP Ko]PLY WLYRuLRP SLs L NoYsTOP]LMWP ]LYRP of SoYo]TfTN WLYRuLRP ]LYRTYR f]om s[PNTLW WLYRuLRP oYWd mPLYt fo] bSPY L VTYR Ts WTstPYTYR to tSP ]PWLtTaPWd N]uOP

Pc[]PssToYs of tSP NommoY [Po[WP. 3ftP] tSP fLWW of tSP JosPoY OdYLstd LYO tSP

WTMP]LtToY f]om tSP JL[LYPsP Pm[T]P, somP of tSPsP NoYUuRLtToYs MPRLY to fLWW out of usP o] PaoWaPO TY []oYuYNTLtToY. 3Y PcLm[WP of tSP fo]mP] bouWO MP tSP []PsPYt tPYsP sPmT-fo]mLW toYP jh오/소 JoS/soSKk. EoOLd, tSTs tPYsP Ts usPO mLTYWd LmoYR tSP oWOP] RPYP]LtToYs. ESP WLttP] NLtPRo]d TYNWuOPs tSP TYtP]]oRLtTaP toYP jh 느냐

JYPuYdLKk. HSTWP tSTs SLs Yot OTsL[[PL]PO, Tt Ts R]LOuLWWd MPTYR ]P[WLNPO bTtS tSP

[L]tTNWP j니 JYPPKk TYstPLO3.

;OTomLtTN Pc[]PssToYs LWso NSLYRPO Ou]TYR tSTs [P]ToO of soNTPtLW u[SPLaLW.

3s mPYtToYPO []PaTousWd, tSP JL[LYPsP NoWoYTeLtToY LYO tSP Ko]PLY bL] WPft MPSTYO

LY Tm[oaP]TsSPO LYO OPstTtutP NouYt]d. :obPaP], tSP Ko]PLY soNTPtd PYNou]LRPO

SL]O bo]V Ls tSP oYWd bLd out of [oaP]td. 3s suNS, sPaP]LW YPb Pc[]PssToYs

]PRL]OTYR bo]V LYO bo]V PtSTNs NLmP to YPb usLRP. 4PWob L]P PcLm[WPs LYO

Pc[WLYLtToYs MPSTYO tSPsP YPb [S]LsPs.

() ESP bo]O j개고생 JRLP RosPYRKk Ts sWTRStWd N]uOP. ESP fT]st sdLWWLMWP, j개

JRLPKk, mPLYs OoR. ;Y tSTs NLsP tSouRS, Tt Ts usPO to Sd[P]MoWTeP o]

PcLRRP]LtP j고생 JRosPYRKk, bSTNS TtsPWf mPLYs jSL]O bo]Vk. ESus, tSP

[S]LsP bLs N]PLtPO to TYOTNLtP oYPks RoTYR tS]ouRS L tTmP of Pct]PmPWd

SL]O bo]V,.

)) ESP YouY j노~다 JYoRLOLKk Ts usPO to OPsN]TMP bo]V tSLt Ts aP]d OTffTNuWt.

ESP bo]O SLs L NoWo]fuW STsto]d of NomTYR toRPtSP] f]om tSP JL[LYPsP

bo]O fo] soTW, j土方 (6435) JOoVLtLKk, LYO tSP Ko]PLY ]omLYTeLtToY of tSP

7YRWTsS bo]O jYo J노Kk. 5omMTYTYR tSP jYo J노Kk bTtS tSP jVLtLk f]om tSP

JL[LYPsP bo]O, tSP YPb [S]LsP NomPs to OPsN]TMP OTffTNuWt bo]V. BP]SL[s

Yot su][]TsTYRWd, tSTs bo]O Ts oftPY usPO Md NoYst]uNtToY bo]VP]s3,.

3) ESP bo]O j멘붕 JmPYMoYRKk WTtP]LWWd mPLYs L mPYtLW M]PLVOobY bSTNS

Ts NommoY bSPY oaP]bo]VTYR. ;t Ts L NomMTYLtToY of tSP Ko]PLY

]omLYTeLtToY of tSP 7YRWTsS bo]O jmPYtLWk, bSTNS RTaPs tSP j멘 JmPYKk

bTtS tSP fT]st sdWWLMWP of tSP [u]P Ko]PLY bo]O fo] NoWWL[sP1 j붕괴

JMoYRRbLPKk,.

4) ESP bo]O j빡세다 J4hLVsLPOLKk Ts L YPb NoYst]uNtToY tSLt OPsN]TMPs oYP

PTtSP] bo]VTYR OTWTRPYtWd o] bSPY muNS bo]V must MP Nom[WPtPO TY L

sSo]t LmouYt of tTmP,.

ESPsP YPb bo]Os LYO [S]LsPs OPsN]TMPO LMoaP L]P oftPY usPO Md tSP YPbP]

RPYP]LtToYs LYO SLaP MPNomP mo]P [o[uWL] tSLY sPaP]LW oWOP] TOTomLtTN Pc[]PssToYs suNS Ls j손이 싸다 JsoYPP ssLOLKk, bSTNS mPLYs to bo]V PffTNTPYtWd, TY LOOTtToY to j손이 붙다 JsoYPP MootLKk, bSTNS Tm[WTPs oYPks MPTYR PffTNTPYt Lt oYPks bo]V.

5om[L]LMWP to tSP Pc[]PssToYs j개고생 JRLP RosPYRKk LYO j멘붕 JmPYMoYRKk, L WPss

[osTtTaP Pc[]PssToY bouWO MP j손이 거칠다 JsoYPP RPotNSTWOLKk, bSTNS OPsN]TMPs L

[P]soY bSo Ts ]PLWWd MLO Lt usTYR tSPT] SLYOs, o] TY otSP] bo]Os, somPoYP bSo SLs

L SL]O tTmP bo]VTYR37.

Evolution of Spoken Korean in North Korea

;Y NoYt]Lst to tSP PYt]d of fo]PTRY aoNLMuWL]d TY s[oVPY Ko]PLY TY tSP soutS,

No]tS Ko]PL ]Pfo]mPO tSP WLYRuLRP TY LY Pffo]t to P]LOTNLtP fo]PTRY TYfWuPYNPs. ESTs moaP bLs TYfWuPYNPO Md tSP stLtPks mTssToY to MPNomP sPWf-]PWTLYt, oYP of tSP mLTY

RoLWs of tSP NouYt]dks JuNSé (주체 J主体K) TOPoWoRd36. CPfo]ms TYNWuOPO LNtToYs suNS

Ls Tm[]oaTYR tSP LW[SLMPt, Tm[WPmPYtTYR st]TNt s[PWWTYR ]uWPs, LYO mLVTYR stLYOL]O

[]oYuYNTLtToY NoYsTstPYt bTtS tSP BdoYRdLYR OTLWPNt. ;Y LOOTtToY, 5STYPsP

NSL]LNtP]-MLsPO bo]Os bP]P ]P[WLNPO Md tSPT] [u]P Ko]PLY NouYtP][L]ts12.

;Y tSP mTOOWP of tSP (0-0s, tSP WPLOP] LYO []PsTOPYt of No]tS Ko]PL, KTm ;W

DuYR, PstLMWTsSPO L NoOP fo] stLYOL]O s[oVPY Ko]PLY. ;Y No]tS Ko]PL, tSTs

L[[]oLNS bLs NLWWPO j문화어 JmooYSbL-PoSKk, bSTNS t]LYsWLtPs to jNuWtu]LW

WLYRuLRPk. ;Y DoutS Ko]PL L sTmTWL] NoOP bLs PstLMWTsSPO, Mut uYOP] tSP YLmP of j표준어 J[doUTYPoSKk. MLYd of tSP OTffP]PYNPs TY []oYuYNTLtToY LYO s[PWWTYR MPtbPPY

No]tS LYO DoutS Ko]PL L]P L []oOuNt of tSP OTstTYNtToYs MPtbPPY tSPsP tbo NoOPs3(.

3s L ]PsuWt, tSP Ko]PLY s[oVPY TY No]tS Ko]PL ]PmLTYs ]PWLtTaPWd uYNSLYRPO f]om tSP (040s LftP] Ko]PLks WTMP]LtToY. :obPaP], PaPY tSPY, Ko]PLY s[oVPY TY

No]tS Ko]PL OTO Yot Nom[WPtPWd ]PmLTY f]PP f]om fo]PTRY TYfWuPYNPs. NPb tPNSYoWoRTPs f]om tSP DoaTPt FYToY ]PLNSPO No]tS Ko]PL, mLVTYR CussTLY [P]SL[s tSP oYWd mLUo] fo]PTRY WLYRuLRP TYfWuPYNTYR Ko]PLY s[oVPY Yo]tS of tSP

OPmTWTtL]TePO eoYP11.

7aPY tSouRS No]tS Ko]PL bLs TsoWLtTYR TtsPWf f]om bPstP]Y NuWtu]P, tSP

NouYt]d stTWW SLO to t]LYsWLtP fo]PTRY YLmPs LYO oNNLsToYLW WoLY bo]Os. ESTs N]PLtPO

LY TYtP]PstTYR OTaTsToY TY t]LYsWTtP]LtToY MPtbPPY DoutS LYO No]tS Ko]PL. 8o]

PcLm[WP, tSP WoLY bo]O jt]LNto]k bLs o]TRTYLWWd TYt]oOuNPO to No]tS Ko]PL TY

CussTLY Md tSP DoaTPt FYToY LYO TY 7YRWTsS Md tSP FYTtPO DtLtPs TY DoutS Ko]PL.

ESTs WPO to L t]LYsWTtP]LtToY f]om CussTLY TY No]tS Ko]PL Ls o[[osPO to t]LYsWTtP]LtToY f]om 7YRWTsS TY DoutS Ko]PL. ESTs OTffP]PYNP RTaPs (뜨락또르

J6Pu]LVOo]PuSK fg) TY No]tS Ko]PL aP]sus (트랙터 JEPu]PLVtPoK) TY DoutS

Ko]PL13,3(.

3WtSouRS tSP ;YtP]YPt s[]PLO quTNVWd TY DoutS Ko]PL, Tt L]]TaPO muNS mo]P sWobWd TY No]tS Ko]PL. 7aPY toOLd, Tt Ts LNNPssPO oYWd Md s[PNTLW sPNtToYs of tSP

[o[uWLtToY. 3s suNS, tSP WTYRuTstTN NSLYRPs tSP ;YtP]YPt M]ouRSt to DoutS Ko]PL L]P

LMsPYt bSPY OTsNussTYR WLYRuLRP PaoWutToY TY tSP No]tS. :obPaP], Ls DoutS Ko]PLY mPOTL Ts smuRRWPO LN]oss tSP 5STYPsP Ko]PLY Mo]OP], Tt Ts [ossTMWP tSLt tSTs t]PYO mTRSt PaPYtuLWWd NSLYRP. 3s ]PfuRPPs mLVP Tt suNNPssfuWWd to DoutS Ko]PL, tSPd tPWW of NoOP bo]Os tSP RPYP]LW [o[uWLtToY usPs fo] ]PfP]]TYR to TWWPRLW DoutS Ko]PLY mPOTL12.

Conclusion

3s MotS DoutS LYO No]tS Ko]PL OTO LbLd bTtS tSP JL[LYPsP WTYRuTstTNLW

TYfWuPYNPs LftP] tSP oNNu[LtToY, tSP 5STYPsP b]TttPY NSL]LNtP]s tSPY MPNLmP oMsoWPtP.

No]tS Ko]PL Tm[osPO st]TNt s[PWWTYR ]uWPs, LYO []oYuYNTLtToY MPNLmP l[u]P]m LYO

sSobPO LY Pct]PmPWd WTmTtPO fo]PTRY bo]O TYfWuPYNP. ;Y DoutS Ko]PL, fo]PTRY bo]O

TYfWuPYNP MPNLmP [L]t of tSP NommoY aoNLMuWL]d OuP to tSP RWoMLWTeLtToY of Tts

PNoYomd.

;Y MotS NouYt]TPs, tSP OTLWPNt s[oVPY TY tSPT] ]Ps[PNtTaP NL[TtLW NTtTPs MPNLmP tSP OomTYLYt s[oVPY fo]m. ;Y DoutS Ko]PL, tSTs OTLWPNt, TYfWuPYNPO Md RWoMLWTeLtToY moaPmPYts, TYNo][o]LtPO mLYd WoLY bo]Os f]om fo]PTRY WLYRuLRPs. ;Y No]tS Ko]PL,

SobPaP], WoLY bo]Os bP]P bPPOPO out LYO ]P[WLNPO Md j[u]Pk Ko]PLY NouYtP][L]ts.

CHAPTER THREE

Modern Korean in the Internet Age

ESP ]TsP of tSP ;YtP]YPt, RWoMLWTeLtToY, LYO TYstLYt NommuYTNLtToY SLs

O]LstTNLWWd TYfWuPYNPO moOP]Y Ko]PLY Ls bP VYob Tt toOLd. 3s tSP douYRP]

RPYP]LtToYs R]ob u[ TY L tPNSYoWoRTNLW bo]WO, fLstP] LYO mo]P PffPNtTaP bLds of

NommuYTNLtTYR OomTYLtP oYWTYP TYtP]LNtToYs. 3s suNS, LMM]PaTLtToYs, NoYt]LNtToYs, sSo]tPYTYRs, LYO PaPY YPb stdWPs WTVP douYR [Po[WPsk sWLYR (급식체 J9Pu[sTVNSLPK)

L]osP f]om tSTs YPPO to NommuYTNLtP mo]P TYfo]mLtToY, fLstP] LYO mo]P suNNTYNtWd

TY tSP TYfo]mLtToY LRP TY moOP]Y Ko]PL7.

ESP ;YtP]YPt SLs M]ouRSt LMout mLYd TYtP]PstTYR t]PYOs, oYP of tSPm MPTYR tSP tPYOPYNd to sSo]tPY bo]Os o] LMM]PaTLtP tSPm TY o]OP] to s[PYO WPss tTmP b]TtTYR.

9LmP]s oftPY usPO tSPsP sSo]tPYTYRs, LMM]PaTLtToYs, LYO NoYt]LNtToYs to

NommuYTNLtP PffPNtTaPWd Mut suNNTYNtWd bTtS otSP] RLmTYR [L]tYP]s. 3s RLmTYR

MPNLmP L fLao]TtP [LstTmP of tSP douYRP] RPYP]LtToYs, tSP Ko]PLY WLYRuLRP PaoWaPO to TYNWuOP Tt TY tSP NommoY WLYRuLRP1.

;Y LOOTtToY to tSP LOaLYtLRPs of NommuYTNLtTYR fLstP], tSP ;YtP]YPt M]ouRSt dPt LYotSP] NSLYRP to moOP]Y s[oVPY Ko]PLY. 3s Tt M]ouRSt muWtT-WTYRuTstTNLW usP]s

toRPtSP], Ko]PLY usP]s stL]tPO TYNo][o]LtTYR bo]Os f]om otSP] WLYRuLRPs. 3s bTtS tSPsP moOP]Y t]PYOs, Tt Ts usuLWWd tSP douYRP] RPYP]LtToYs tSLt s[PL]SPLO suNS

OPaPWo[mPYts TY WLYRuLRP.

Modern trends in spelling and pronunciation

3MM]PaTLtToYs sLaP tTmP LYO s[LNP, somPtSTYR PssPYtTLW fo] moOP]Y Ko]PLYs

Ls WTfP Ts LWmost OPfTYPO Md tSP uMTquTtous [S]LsP1 j빨리빨리 JMhLWWT MhLWWTKk, bSTNS

NLY MP ]ouRSWd t]LYsWLtPO TY 7YRWTsS Ls j:u]]d u[k,. Just Ls tSP WTaPs of moOP]Y

Ko]PLYs sPPmTYRWd MPNomP fLstP] tS]ouRS tSP TYN]PLsPO usP of suNS [S]LsPs, so OoPs

NommuYTNLtToY TY b]TtTYR LYO tPctTYR. :PYNP, LMM]PaTLtToYs SLaP RLTYPO L uYTquP

[osTtToY TY tSP WTaPs of moOP]Y Ko]PLYs. MLYd of tSPm L]P LWso usPO to

NommuYTNLtP []ofLYTtd bTtSout LNtuLWWd b]TtTYR out tSP LNtuLW bo]O, tSus LaoTOTYR offPYOTYR LYdoYP. 4PWob Ts L WTst of L fPb NommoY LMM]PaTLtToYs usPO TY tPctTYR

LYO L M]TPf Pc[WLYLtToY MPSTYO tSPT] mPLYTYRs.

() 3 NomMTYLtToY of tSP Ko]PLY s[PWWTYR fo] tSP 7YRWTsS bo]O jYok (노 JYoK)

LYO tSP Ko]PLY bo]O fo] LYsbP] (답 JOL1K) RTaPs tSP NoWWoquTLW [S]LsP

j노답 JYoOL1Kk. :obPaP], tSTs Ts NommoYWd LMM]PaTLtPO to Tts NoYsoYLYts,

RTaTYR jrs JY OKk.

)) 3 quTNV bLd to b]TtP jtSLYV douk TYstPLO of b]TtTYR out tSP bSoWP bo]O,

Ts to LMM]PaTLtP tSP bo]O fo] tSLYVs, j감사 JRLmsLKk, RTaTYR ]PLOP]s tSP

NomMTYLtToYs of tSP tbo NoYsoYLYts jqw JR sKk.

3) AYP of tSP most [o[uWL] LMM]PaTLtToYs Ts oYP tSLt Pc[]PssPs

NoYR]LtuWLtToYs. ESP []oYuYNTLtToY of tSP o]TRTYLW bo]O j축하 JtNSuVSLKk

Ts j추카 JtNSuVLKk. Eu]YTYR j추카 JtNSuVLKk TYto LY LMM]PaTLtToY RTaPs

jz{ JtNS VKk.

3Wso [o[uWL] LmoYR LWW Ko]PLYs L]P tSP uMTquTtous NoYt]LNtToYs tSLt usuLWWd

Pc[]Pss tSP Ko]PLY NuWtu]P of jSu]]d u[k2 tSus, tSP mo]P NoYt]LNtToYs, tSP WPss tTmP td[TYR LYO tSP mo]P quTNVWd oYP NLY fTYTsS somPtSTYR o] moaP oY to L OTffP]PYt tLsV. ;YtP]PstTYRWd, tSP NoYt]LNtToYs usuLWWd, LWmost NomTNLWWd, ]PaoWaP L]ouYO moOP]Y Ko]PLY NuWtu]P LYO Tts L[[]oLNS to f]TPYOsST[/OLtTYR, bo]V, LYO WPTsu]P.

4PWob Ts L WTst of NommoY NoYt]LNtToYs LYO L M]TPf Pc[WLYLtToY MPSTYO tSPT]

TYOTaTOuLW mPLYTYRs LYO Sob moOP]Y Ko]PLY soNTPtd Tm[LNtPO tSP N]PLtToY of tSPsP

YPb bo]Os.

() HTtS j남자k JYLmULSK mPLYTYR mLWP LYO j소개팅k JsoSRLPtTYRK mPLYTYR

MWTYO OLtP, NomMTYTYR tSP bo]Os toRPtSP] to mLVP j남자소개팅k

JYLmULSsoRLPtTYRK LYO tSPY NoYt]LNtTYR tSLt fu]tSP] mLVPs j남소k

JYLmsoSK, L bo]O usPO to OPsN]TMP sPttTYR u[ L OLtP bTtS L mLY.

)) ESP bo]O j소개팅k JsoSRLPtTYRK, mPLYTYR L MWTYO OLtP, Ts TtsPWf L uYTquP

NomMTYLtToY of L 5STYPsP LYO LY 7YRWTsS WoLYbo]O. ESP j소개k JsoSRLPK

TtsPWf NomPs f]om tSP 5STYPsP ( 介 UTè sSào ) LYO t]LYsWLtPs to

jTYt]oOuNtToYk, bSP]PLs tSP j팅 JtTYRKk NomPs f]om 7YRWTsS bTtS tSP

NoYYotLtToY f]om bo]Os WTVP mPPtTYR20.

3) HSPY OP[L]tmPYt bo]VP]s mPPt u[, Ttks NLWWPO L 과(의)미팅

JRbL(PS)mPPtTYRK, o] TY sSo]t, j과팅k JRbLtTYRK, bSP]PLs tSP j과 JRbLPSKk

t]LYsWLtPs to OP[L]tmPYt, Mut Tt TtsPWf Ts Yot LY LYNTPYt NoYst]uNtToY Ls Tt

o]TRTYLWWd NomPs f]om j부서 (部門) JMusPoKk. ESP bo]O j미팅 JmPPtTYRKk

Ts L WoLYbo]O f]om 7YRWTsS f]om tSP NommoY bo]O jmPPtTYRk. ESus, tSP

UoTYTYR of tSPsP tbo tP]ms PaPYtuLWWd N]PLtPO Tts moOP]Y mPLYTYR31.

4) ;Y L NuWtu]P bSP]P VL]LoVP Ts [o[uWL], [S]LsPs WTVP j혼자코인노래방k

JSoYULS VoTY YoS]LPMLYRK (LTt. soWo NoTY VL]LoVP) L]P NoYt]LNtPO to

j혼코노k JSoYVoYoSK. ESTs ]PNPYtWd NoTYPO bo]O oftPY RTaPs tSP

Tm[]PssToY of sTYRTYR Md oYPsPWf Lt L NoTY KL]LoVP LYO bLs N]PLtPO to

Pc[]Pss tSP TOPL of somPoYP sTYRTYR soYRs Md tSPmsPWaPs LftP] suffP]TYR

somP so]t of ]PWLtToYsST[ []oMWPm o] PYYuT22.

,) ESP YoY-NoYt]LNtPO bo]Os fo] RT]Wf]TPYO LYO Modf]TPYO j여자친구

JdPoULSNSTYRuK LYO 남자친구 JYLmULSNSTYRuKk L]P tSPmsPWaPs NoYt]LNtPO

to j여친 JdPoNSTYK LYO 남친 JYLmNSTYKk, ]Ps[PNtTaPWd. ESP Ko]PLY TtsPWf Ts

L WoLY t]LYsWLtToY of tSP 7YRWTsS bo]Os fo] RT]Wf]TPYO LYO Modf]TPYO,

]Ps[PNtTaPWd26. ;Y 7YRWTsS, tSP bo]Os tSPmsPWaPs OTO Yot RLTY LYd ]omLYtTN

mPLYTYR uYtTW tSP PL]Wd tbPYtTPtS NPYtu]d27. ESus, tSP WoLY t]LYsWLtToY

bLs most WTVPWd mLOP LftP] tSLt t]LYsTtToY. B]To] to tSPT] usP LYO TYsP]tToY

TYto s[oVPY Ko]PLY, SobPaP], most ]PWLtToYsST[s TY Ko]PL OTO Yot TYaoWaP

LYd ]omLYtTN fPPWTYRs Ls bouWO MP suRRPstPO Md tSP tP]ms jRT]Wf]TPYO LYO

Modf]TPYOk, Mut ]LtSP] bP]P MLsPO oY [oWTtTNLW LYO/o] fTYLYNTLW ]PLsoYs2,.

HSPY tSP NouYt]d moOP]YTePO, tSTs Ls[PNt of [P]soYLW ]PWLtToYsST[

NSLYRPO, M]TYRTYR TY tSP o[[o]tuYTtd fo] suNS WoLY t]LYsTtToYs to MP

TYt]oOuNPO to tSP PaoWaTYR NuWtu]P. ;Y No]tS Ko]PL, f]TPYOs, ]PRL]OWPss of

]omLYtTN fPPWTYRs o] Yot, L]P oftPY NLWWPO j동무 JOoYRmuKk, t]LYsWLtTYR to

jNom]LOPk2).

-) ;Y tSP NT]NumstLYNP of SLaTYR f]TPYOs of tSP o[[osTtP sPc TY L [WLtoYTN

]PWLtToYsST[, tSP bo]Os j남자사이친구 JYLmULSsLTNSTYRuK LYO

여자사이친구 JdPoULsLTNSTYRuKk L]P usPO. :obPaP], tSPsP WoYR [S]LsPs L]P

LWmost LWbLds NoYt]LNtPO to j남사친 JYLmsLNSTYK LYO 여사친 JdPosLNSTYKk,

PssPYtTLWWd mPLYTYR L Rud o] RT]W bSo Ts L f]TPYO, Mut bTtS bSom oYP Ts

Yot TY L ]omLYtTN ]PWLtToYsST[. ESPsP [S]LsPs bP]P LWso NoTYPO ]PNPYtWd

TY o]OP] to OPsN]TMP mo]P LNNu]LtPWd NSLYRTYR ]PWLtToYs TY moOP]Y Ko]PLY

soNTPtd.

.) 3 fPb LmusTYR Mut sWTRStWd OTs[L]LRTYR [S]LsPs to OPsN]TMP somPoYP bSo

sPPms to fLWW TY WoaP TYL[[]o[]TLtPWd L]P 얼빠 JPoWMhLSK LYO 금사빠

JRPumsLSMhLSK. ESP fo]mP] stLYOs fo] j잘생긴 얼굴에 빠지는 사람

JULWsPYRTY PoWRuWPS MhLSUTYPuY sL]LmK, bSTNS TYsTYuLtPs somPoYP fLWWTYR

TY WoaP oaP] Uust L []Pttd fLNP. ESP WLttP] mPLYs j금방 사랑에 빠지는 사람

JRPumMLYR sL]LYRPS MhLSUTYPuY sL]LmKk2 TYsTYuLtTYR tSLt oYP quTNVWd

fLWWs TY WoaP, td[TNLWWd Lt fT]st sTRSt. ESPsP YPb [S]LsPs bP]P NoTYPO bTtSTY

tSP [Lst OPNLOP LYO L]P oftPY usPO oYWTYP TY mLss mPOTL21.

/) Ko]PL PmM]LNPs L []omTYPYt NuWtu]P of O]TYVTYR bTtS f]TPYOs o]

Nobo]VP]s. Not su][]TsTYRWd, bo]Os suNS Ls j알쓰 JLWsPuKk OPsN]TMPs oYP

bSo Ts uYLMWP to SLYOWP WL]RP LmouYts of LWNoSoW. ESTs bo]O Ts L

NoYt]LNtToY of tSP Ko]PLY t]LYsWTtP]LtToY of tSP 7YRWTsS bo]O LWNoSoW

j알코올 JLWVokoWKk. ESouRS OTffP]PYt f]om MotS tSP [u]P Ko]PLY bo]O fo]

LWNoSoW j술 JsuWKk LYO tSP 5STYPsP WoLY bo]O j저장 (酒精) JUPoULYRKk, Tt

bLs tSP 7YRWTsS t]LYsWTtP]LtToY tSLt, bSPY NomMTYPO bTtS tSP bo]O fo]

t]LsS TY Ko]PLY, j쓰레기 JssPuWLPRTKk, N]PLtPO tSTs YPb [S]LsP31.

0) HSPY somPoYP Ts Yot ]PLOTYR o] [u][osPWd TRYo]TYR tPct mPssLRPs, tSP

NoYt]LNtToY j읽씹 JTRssST[Kk f]om j읽기 씹다 JTWRT ssST[OLKk [P]fPNtWd

NL[tu]Ps suNS L sTtuLtToY. 4]PLVTYR tSTs [S]LsP OobY, j읽 JTWRKk mPLYs jto

]PLOk bSTWP tSP o]TRTYLW mPLYTYR of j씹 JssST[Kk Ts LNtuLWWd tSP ]oot of tSP

aP]M jto NSPbk31. ;Y tSTs NoYtPct, SobPaP], j씹 JssST[Kk NSLYRPs Tts mPLYTYR

to jTRYo]Pk, bSP]PLs tSP o]TRTYLW aP]M fo] jto TRYo]Pk Ts j무시하다

JmusSTSLOLKk31.

(0) Bo[uWL] TY Ko]PLY NuWtu]P Ts tSP Nom[LYd OTYYP], o] j회식 JSbLPsTVKk.

ESTs [o[uWL] bo]O usuLWWd NoYYotPs offTNP bo]VP]s RPttTYR toRPtSP] LftP]

bo]V to sSL]P L mPLW, O]TYV LWNoSoW, LYO fo]RPt WTfPks OTffTNuWtTPs. ESP

bo]O bLs o]TRTYLWWd mPLYt to OPsN]TMP [Po[WP RLtSP]TYR to PLt j회식 (會

食) JSbLPsTVKk, Mut Tt RLTYPO L YPb mPLYTYR bSPY Tt MPNLmP L NoYt]LNtToY

bTtS tSP sLmP []oYuYNTLtToY. EoOLd, tSP j회식 (聚餐) JSbLPsTVKk, Ls

suRRPstPO Md Tts ]oots j회사 JSbLPsLKk mPLYTYR Nom[LYd LYO j식사 JsTVsLKk

mPLYTYR mPLW i MotS of bSTNS L]P oWO 5STYPsP WoLY bo]Os tSPmsPWaPs,

Ts LWmost LWbLds LssoNTLtPO bTtS Nom[LYd OTYYP]s31.

(() AYP Mo]]obPO bo]O, j아르바이트 JL]PuMLTtPuKk, o]TRTYLWWd NomPs f]om

tSP 9P]mLY bo]O L]MPTt, mPLYTYR bo]V. 3OL[tPO TYto Ko]PLY f]om tSP

JL[LYPsP WoLYbo]O bSTNS TY tu]Y NLmP f]om 9P]mLY, tSP bo]O NLmP to

OPsN]TMP stuOPYts bSo SLO to bo]V fo] [oNVPt moYPd bSTWP stTWW stuOdTYR

- [L]tWd OuP to tSP OTffTNuWt PNoYomd of tSP tTmP. EoOLd, douYRP]

RPYP]LtToYs stTWW usP tSTs tP]m to OPsN]TMP [L]t-tTmP UoMs, NLWWTYR tSPm

j알바 JLWMLKk fo] sSo]t2(.

()) ;Y moOP]Y Ko]PLks STRS st]Pss NuWtu]P, [S]LsPs WTVP j이번 생은 망했다

JPPMPoY sPYRPuY mLYRSPtOLKk, mPLYTYR tSLt oYP SLs ]uTYPO tSPT] WTfP, L]P

NommoYWd fouYO NoYt]LNtPO to j이생망 JPPsPYRmLYRKk. ESTs [S]LsP bLs

NoTYPO Md YPbP] RPYP]LtToYs TY Ko]PL bSo SLaP R]obY u[ TY L STRSWd

Nom[PtTtTaP soNTPtd LYO bSP]P sPWf-PstPPm Ts Wob7.

(3) DLdTYR lof Nou]sPm TY Ko]PLY Ts j당연 JOLYRdPoYKk. ESTs bo]O Ts sTmTWL]

TY []oYuYNTLtToY to tSP bo]O fo] NL]]ot j당근 JOLYRPuYKk, LYO Ls suNS,

somP suMstTtutP tSP aPRPtLMWP fo] LR]PPmPYt,. ESTs LWtP]LtToY fT]st sPPmPO

to tLVP [WLNP TY Nom[utP] NSLt ]ooms. ESP ]PLsoYs fo] tSTs NSLYRP bP]P

tbofoWO. 8T]st, tSP ]oots to MotS bo]Os L]P sTmTWL] i MotS stL]t bTtS tSP

sdWWLMWP j당 JOLYRKk. DPNoYOWd, Tt Ts PLsTP], LYO [P]SL[s mo]P LmusTYR, to

sLd [SoYPtTNLWWd j당근 JOLYRPuYKk Ls o[[osPO to j당연 JOLYRdPoYKk30.

(4) 3s Ko]PLY mPOTL Ts OTssPmTYLtPO L]ouYO tSP RWoMP tS]ouRS tSP :LWWdu

(한류) moaPmPYts, NoYt]LNtToYs WTVP j한드 JSLYOPuKk L]P NoWWoquTLW

[S]LsPs LYO NoYt]LNtToYs mPLYTYR Ko]PLY O]LmL1 j한국드라마 JSLYRuV

OPu]LmLKk,.

3YotSP] uYTquP OPaPWo[mPYt LmoYR douYRP] RPYP]LtToYs Ts tSP [PYNSLYt fo] mTss[PWWTYR bo]Os TY o]OP] to mTmTN tSP []oYuYNTLtToY mo]P NWosPWd. ESP TYtPYOPO

[]oYuYNTLtToY LWTRYs TtsPWf bPWW bTtS tSP Ko]PLY jNutPk NuWtu]P (애교 JLPRdoK fg)

Ls douYRP] RPYP]LtToYs tSTYV suNS s[PWWTYRs mo]P NWosPWd ]PWLtP to tSP []oYuYNTLtToY of NP]tLTY bo]Os bSPY tSP s[PLVP] bLYts to [o]t]Ld oYPsPWf Ls NutP. ESTs NuWtu]P, bSTNS stL]tPO L[[PL]TYR ]TRSt MPfo]P tSP stL]t of tSP tbPYtTPtS NPYtu]d, PYNou]LRPs

LYO TOoWTePs LY TYYoNPYt LYO NutP [P]soYL. DuNS LY TmLRP oftPY OPmLYOs Yot oYWd

NP]tLTY LNtToYs OPPmPO NutP, Mut LWso st]PssPs NP]tLTY bLds of s[PPNS bSTNS NLY

WTYRuTstTNLWWd MP OPsN]TMPO Ls sto[[TYR f]TNLtTaP NoYsoYLYt souYOs, ]POuNTYR tSP

YumMP] of sdWWLMWPs TY NP]tLTY bo]Os, LYO ]P[WLNTYR WobP] toYPO aobPWs bTtS STRSP] toYPO oYPs. ESTs, TY PffPNt, mLVPs tSP s[PLVP]ks aoTNP L[[PL] mo]P NSTWO-WTVP,

PYfo]NTYR tSP stP]Potd[P of TYYoNPYNP. ;t Ts L NommoY [SPYomPYoY Yot oYWd LmoYR douYR Ko]PLYs, Mut LWso LmoYR MotS mLWP LYO fPmLWP K-[o[ R]ou[s bSo usP tSP jLPRdok to []omotP tSPmsPWaPs LYO RLTY mo]P fLYs39. ESP ]TsP of tSP jLPRdok NuWtu]P

SLs WPO to somP uYTquP aL]TLtToYs TY s[oVPY Ko]PLY29. 4PWob L]P NommoY PcLm[WPs of Sob tSTs [SPYomPYoY SLs LWtP]PO tSP []oYuYNTLtToY of NommoY bo]Os TY LY

Pffo]t to MPYO tSP jLPRdok NuWtu]P TYto PaP]dOLd s[PPNS. ESP []oYuYNTLtToY Ts

[]oaTOPO TY M]LNVPts fo] Nom[L]TsoY MPtbPPY tSP tbo aP]sToYs.

() ;Y NoYt]Lst to tSP td[TNLW R]PPtTYR j안녕 JLYdPoYRKk, NutP] bLds to sLd tSTs

TYNWuOP j안뇽 JLYdoYRKk LYO j안늉 JLYdooYRKk.

)) HSPY LR]PPTYR, TYstPLO of usTYR tSP bo]O j응k JPuYRK (dPs / su]P), j웅k

JooYRK Ts usPO to souYO mo]P [WLdfuW.

3) ;Y o]OP] to ]PWTPaP tSP M]usquPYPss of L st]LTRSt dPs (j네k JYP/OPK), Ko]PLYs

oftPY LOO Pct]L WPttP]s Lt tSP PYO of tSLt sdWWLMWP. 5ommoY LOOPO WPttP]s

TYNWuOP jv JWPttP] bSosP [SoYPtTN aLWuP Ts jM/[kKk LYO tSP WPttP] jx JWPttP]

bSosP [SoYPtTN aLWuP Ts L fTYLW j-YRkKk to N]PLtP j넵k JYPbK LYO j넹k JYPYRK,

]Ps[PNtTaPWd29.

4) 3OOTYR tSP NoYsoYLYt jx JfTYLW jhYRkKk to tSP WLst sdWWLMWP of LYd bo]O

TYOTNLtPs LY TYfWPNtToY TY oYPks toYP tSLt Ts TYtP][]PtPO Ls L NutP bLd to

LOO]Pss o] s[PLV. ESTs LWso NLY MP usPO to TYfo]mLWTeP fo]mLW

NoYUuRLtToYs of aP]M PYOTYRs. 3Y PcLm[WP Ts jh용k JdoYRK (TYfo]mLW [oWTtP

PYOTYR jh요k JdoK)1,29.

,) 3YotSP] t]PYO TY ]PYOP]TYR fo]mLW aP]M PYOTYRs WPss fo]mLW TYNWuOPs tSP

Tm[P]LtTaP PYOTYR jh십시오 JsT1 sST oKk MPTYR ]POuNPO to jh십쇼 JsT1sSdoKk.

-) AftPY, tSP tbo sdWWLMWP bo]O fo] jtoo muNSk (너무 JNPomuK) Ts NoYOPYsPO

TYto oYP sdWWLMWP Md O]o[[TYR tSP WLst aobPW, mLVTYR j넘 JYPomK.

.) ;Y Ko]PLY R]LmmL], tSP ju/음 JmKk NoYsoYLYt Ts usPO to NSLYRP L aP]M

TYto L YouY suNS Ls 모이다 JMoTOLK (to RLtSP]) to MPNomP 모임 JmoTmK

(L RLtSP]TYR). CPNPYtWd, LOOTYR L ju JmKk to LYd aP]M MPNomPs L

sSo]tPYPO fo]m fo] L NoYOTtToYLW NWLusP. 8o] PcLm[WP, TYstPLO of b]TtTYR

j했으면 JSLPsPumdPoYK (Tf suMUPNt OTO), oYP bouWO sTm[Wd b]TtP j했음

JSLPsPumK o] 해씀 JSLPsPumK.

/) 3OOTtToYLWWd, tSTs NoYt]LNtToY NLY MP usPO to sSo]tPY, LYO tSus mLVP

fo]mLW aP]M NoYUuRLtToYs mo]P TYfo]mLW. DSouWO tSP fo]mLW WLYRuLRP MP

b]TttPY LYO s[oVPY Ls j했습니다 JSLPsPumYTOLK (suMUPNt OTO)k, tSP sLmP

[]oYuYNTLtToY bouWO MP LttLTYPO Md b]TtTYR j했음 JSLPsPumK (suMUPNt OTO)k

LYO OPWPtTYR tSP jh니다 JYTOLKk PYOTYR1.

0) MLYd NommoY bo]Os TY Ko]PLY PYO bTtS L j일 JTWKk, TYOTNLtTYR jOLdk o]

jbo]Vk. MLYd s[PLVP]s, mo]PoaP], sSo]tPY bo]Os WTVP j제일 (4Pst

JNSLPTWK)k,j내일 (tomo]]ob JYLPTWK)k, LYO j요일 (OLd of bPPV JdoTWK)k to

fo]m oYP sdWWLMWP NouYtP][L]ts suNS Ls j젤 JNSLPWKk, j낼 JYLPWKk, LYO j욜

JdoWKk.

(0) HSPY LsVTYR fo] somPtSTYR, Tt Ts Yot uYNommoY to b]TtP tSP aP]M to RTaP,

j주다 JUooOLKk TY Tts TYfo]mLW NoYUuRLtToY j줘요k JUbuS doKk. :obPaP], tSP

j} JbuSKk Ts L WobP] toYP aobPW bSosP []oYuYNTLtToY Ts Nom[L]LMWP to

tSP STRSP] toYPO aobPW jㅗk JoK. ESus, tSP fo]mP] Ts oftPY ]P[WLNPO bTtS

tSP WLttP] to MP NutP].

(() HSPY L[oWoRTeTYR MPtbPPY f]TPYOs, tSP TYfo]mLW j미안 JmTLSYKk Ts

NommoYWd usPO. :obPaP], L NutP], [o[uWL] LWtP]YLtP s[PWWTYR Ts j미얀

JmTdLSYKk, bSTNS mo]P NWosPWd mTmTNs tSP LNtuLW []oYuYNTLtToY.

DPaP]LW YPb bo]Os SLaP MPPY Mo]Y out of NomMTYTYR tSP PffPNts of tSP jLPRdok

NuWtu]P LYO tSP tPYOPYNd to sSo]tPY [S]LsPs Ls to MP fLstP] TY PaP]dtSTYR. DTYNP tSP

jLPRdok NuWtu]P tPYOs to Pm[SLsTeP MPLutd LYO NutPYPss, suNS bo]Os LYO [S]LsPs oftPY [P]tLTY to oYPks stdWP LYO MPLutd, suNS Ls tSP foWWobTYR PcLm[WPs1

() ESP [S]LsP j간지 나다 JVLYUT YLOLKk Ts o]TRTYLWWd f]om tSP JL[LYPsP bo]O

j感o JVLYUTKk bSTNS mPLYs stdWP o] Ltmos[SP]P. Ko]PLYs Mo]]obPO tSTs

tP]m to mPLY somPoYP SLaTYR LY Ltt]LNtTaP WooV. ;YOPPO, Tt mLd SLaP

MPPY Mo]]obPO f]om JL[LYks jVLbLTTk NuWtu]P bSTNS Ts Nom[L]LMWP to tSP

Ko]PLY jLPRdok,.

)) ESP bo]O j쌩얼 JDhLPYRPoWKk Ts L NomMTYLtToY of tSP 5STYPsP NSL]LNtP]

fo] WTfP j生 JsSēYRKk LYO tSP fT]st sdWWLMWP j얼 JPoWKk of [u]P Ko]PLY bo]O

fo] fLNP, j얼굴 JPoWRuWKk. EoRPtSP], tSP j生 JsSēYRKk LYO tSP j얼 JPoWKk

NomMTYP to mLVP j쌩얼 JDhLPYRPoWKk. ESTs Tm[WTPs L fLNP tSLt WooVs

MPLutTfuW LYO []Pttd bTtSout mLVPu[, bSTNS bouWO MP tSP TOPLW jLPRdok

NSL]LNtP].,

3) ESP bo]O j얼짱 JPoWUULYRKk, sTmTWL] to tSP []PaTous PcLm[WP, tLVPs Tts fT]st

sdWWLMWP f]om tSP sLmP bo]O fo] fLNP TY Ko]PLY - j얼굴 JPoWRuWKk. ESP

sPNoYO sdWWLMWP, j짱 JUULYRKk t]LYsWLtPs to jLbPsomPk o] jNooWk. ButtTYR

tSPsP sdWWLMWPs toRPtSP], oYP RPts L bo]O tSLt mPLYs LY LbPsomP, o]

MPLutTfuW fLNP, bSTNS Ts LWso L RoLW of tSP jLPRdok NuWtu]P,.

급식체

ESP ;YtP]YPtks most uYTquP TYfWuPYNP oY s[oVPY Ko]PLY Ts [P]SL[s tSP ]TsP of douYR [Po[WPks sWLYR NLWWPO j급식체 JRPu[sTVNSLPKk. ESTs td[P of s[PPNS Ts tSP sTYRuWL] NomMTYLtToY of Ko]PLY, JL[LYPsP, 5STYPsP, 7YRWTsS, LYO oNNLsToYLWWd

8]PYNS LYO 9P]mLY bo]Os TY LOOTtToY to tSosP NouYt]TPsk NuWtu]LW TOPYtTtTPs TY o]OP] to mLVP L [WLd oY bo]Os, N]PLtP YPb ]SdmPs TY soYRs, N]Lft [uYs, LYO mLVP

[L]oOTPs NoYNP]YTYR L s[PNTfTN to[TN33. DTYNP tSP]P L]P Yo OT]PNt t]LYsWLtToYs of tSTs

VTYO of WLYRuLRP TYto 7YRWTsS LYO sTYNP oYP YPPOs MotS NuWtu]LW LYO WTYRuTstTN

VYobWPORP of tSP NouYt]TPs LYO NuWtu]Ps WTstPO LMoaP, t]LYsWLtTYR tSPsP Pc[]PssToYs fo] L OTffP]PYt LuOTPYNP Ts ]LtSP] []oMWPmLtTN. 4PWob L]P sPaP]LW of tSP most [o[uWL]

PcLm[WPs of tSTs sWLYR.

() ESP bo]O j인지용 JTYUTdoYRKk sTm[Wd OPsN]TMPs LR]PPmPYt o] NoYsPYt. ESP

fT]st sdWWLMWP (인 JTYK) Ts tSP fT]st sdWWLMWP of j인정 JTYUPoYRKk, bSTNS Ts tSP

LNtuLW YouY fo] jLR]PPmPYtk. ESP sPNoYO sdWWLMWP j지 JUTKk Yot oYWd sSL]Ps

tSP NommoY NoYsoYLYt jyk bTtS tSP sPNoYO sdWWLMWP of j인정 JTYUPoYRKk,

Mut Ts LWso tSP NoYUuRLtToY fo]m TYOTNLtTYR tSP WTstPYP]ks LR]PPmPYt jh지요

JUT doKk. ESP fTYLW sdWWLMWP j용 JdoYRKk Ts L [oWTtP Mut jNutPk bLd to L[[]oaP

of somPtSTYR. ESus, LWW tSP sdWWLMWPs TY j인지용 JTYUTdoYRKk TYOTNLtP

LR]PPmPYt, Mut LWW [uWW f]om OTffP]PYt Ls[PNts of tSP Ko]PLY WLYRuLRP7.

)) Eo OPsN]TMP RooO WuNV, tSP bo]O j개이득 JRLP PPOPuVKk Ts usPO. ESP j개

JRLPKk LNtuLWWd mPLYs OoR, Mut Ts usPO Ls Sd[P]MoWP to mLVP tSTYRs sPPms

R]PLtP] o] lNooWP]m tSLY tSPd LNtuLWWd L]P. ESus, bSPY NomMTYPO bTtS tSP

bo]O fo] RLTY LYO []ofTt j이득 JPPOPuVKk, oYP RPts j개이득 JRLP PPOPuVKk,

mPLYTYR PcNPWWPYt fo]tuYP6.

3) ;Y douYR [Po[WPks sWLYR, RooO fPPWTYRs L]P Pc[]PssPO Md j앙기모띠

JLYRRTmoOTKk. ESP bo]O Ts of JL[LYPsP o]TRTY fo] SL[[d fPPWTYRs j持p

nn JVTmoNSTKk. ESTs Pc[]PssToY RLTYPO [o[uWL]Ttd f]om IouEuMP

NSLYYPWs LYO JL[LYPsP LOuWt PYtP]tLTYmPYt stL]s6,2,.

4) Eo Pc[]Pss TYLMTWTtd, tSP mTcPO [S]LsP j빼박캔트 J4hPS ML0 VPSYtPuKk

NomPs f]om j빼도 박도 못하는 NLYkt J4hPS Oo ML0Oo motLYPuY NLYktKk. ;t

NLY MP ]ouRSWd t]LYsWLtPO to mPLY to tLVP somPtSTYR out, to N]LsS

somPtSTYR, o] to MP uYLMWP to Oo somPtSTYR6. ESP TOPL MPSTYO tSTs [S]LsP

Ts to Pc[]Pss Tm[ossTMTWTtd.

,) ;Y o]OP] to OPsN]TMP somPtSTYR R]PLt o] LbPsomP, Ko]PLYs Pm[Wod tSP

aP]M j오지다 JoSUTOLKk. ESTs NoYst]uNtToY bLs fT]st usPO Md stuOPYts TY tSP

)0(0s7.

-) Eo Pc[]Pss PcNTtPmPYt TY WPLaTYR o] RoTYR somPbSP]P, Ko]PLYs

NommoYWd usP tSP NoYst]uNtToY j~즈아 JRLUPu-LKk. ;Y NoYt]Lst to Tts

sSo]tP] LYO R]LmmLtTNLWWd No]]PNt fo]m of j~자 JVLULKk, usTYR j~즈아

JRLUPu-LKk RTaPs tSP Tm[]PssToY of PcNTtPmPYt, sTmTWL] to sLdTYR jWPtks

Rooook TY 7YRWTsS7.

7aPY bTtSTY douYR [Po[WPks sWLYR, tSP]P L]P OTffP]PYt VTYOs of NLtPRo]TPs. AYP suNS TYNWuOPs tSP 야민정음 JILmTYUPoYRumK, TY bSTNS tSP o]TRTYLW NoYsoYLYt- aobPW NomMTYLtToY of Ko]PLY WPttP]s Ts ]P[WLNPO Md otSP] NoYsoYLYt-aobPW

NomMTYLtToYs tSLt PTtSP] WooV sTmTWL] to tSP o]TRTYLW s[PWWTYR o] bSosP st]oVP o]OP]

LYO [osTtToY mLtNSPs MotS tSP o]TRTYLW LYO YPb NomMTYLtToYs1). ;Y PssPYNP, usP]s of tSTs VTYO of sWLYR L]P [u][osPfuWWd mTss[PWWTYR tSPT] bo]Os, usuLWWd to tSP

NoYstP]YLtToY of oWOP] RPYP]LtToYs. Most of tSP NSLYRPs OTsNussPO MPWob L]P Yot

NoYfTYPO to oYP o] tbo bo]Os []oaTOPO TY tSP PcLm[WP.

() ESP bo]O fo] NutP Ts j귀엽다 JRbTdu[OLKk, Mut tSP sSL[P of tSP fT]st

sdWWLMWP NWosPWd mTmTNs tSLt of j커엽다 JVPodu[OLKk. ESTs NSLYRPs tSP

[]oYuYNTLtToY f]om tSP o]TRTYLW JRbTdu[OLK to JVPodu[OLK.

)) ESP []PfTc j대(大) JOLPKk mPLYs MTR o] WL]RP. :obPaP], tSTs NoYsoYLYt-

aobPW NomMTYLtToY ]PsPmMWPs j머 JmPoKk. 3s LY PcLm[WP, TYstPLO of tSP

[S]LsP jCP[uMWTN of Ko]PLk MPTYR b]TttPY Ls j대한민국 JOLPSLYmTYRuVKk,

Tt Ts b]TttPY LYO []oYouYNPO WTVP j머한민국 JmPoSLYmTYRuVKk. ESP

mPLYTYR ]PmLTYs tSP sLmP, SobPaP].

3) ESP o]TRTYLW s[PWWTYR LYO []oYuYNTLtToY fo] f]uTt Ts j과일 JRbLTWKk. DTYNP

tSP fT]st sdWWLMWP j과 JRbLKk ]PsPmMWPs tSP sSL[P of j파 J[LKk, somP

t]LYsfo]m tSP j과 JRbLKk TYto j파 J[LKk. ESTs N]PLtPs j파일 J[L-TWKk LYO

OPs[TtP tSP mLUo] []oYuYNTLtToY NSLYRP, tSP mPLYTYR ]PmLTYs uYtouNSPO.

AtSP] PcLm[WPs TYNWuOP j과로 JRbL]oKk, mPLYTYR joaP]bo]Vk MPTYR

NSLYRPO to j파로 J[L]oKk.

4) 3s tSP tbo sdWWLMWPs j비 JMTKk LYO j네 JYPKk WooV LWTVP, tSPd SLaP MPNomP

TYtP]NSLYRPLMWP. HSPY tSP []o[P] s[PWWTYR NLWWs fo] j비 JMPPKk, ]P[WLNTYR

tSLt sdWWLMWP bTtS j네 JYPKk MPNomPs NommoY. ESP sLmP Ts t]uP fo] tSP

o[[osTtP. 3Y PcLm[WP Ts Ko]PLks [o[uWL] TYtP]YPt [o]tLW, N3G7C, bSTNS

Ts s[PWWPO Yot oYWd WTVP j네이버 JYLP PP MPoKk, Mut LWso WTVP j비이버 JMPP PP

MPoKk.

,) ANNLsToYLWWd, NomMTYLtToYs of NoYsoYLYts LYO aobPWs LWWob oYP to b]TtP

tbo sdWWLMWPs TY [WLNP of oYP. 3 [o[uWL] PcLm[WP Ts j쬲k, Ts L sTYRWP sdWWLMWP

NomMTYLtToY of tSP tbo sP[L]LtP sdWWLMWPs j존좋 JUoYUo2Kk. ESTs, TY tu]Y, Ts

L NoYt]LNtToY of j존나 좋다 JUoYYL UottLKk, t]LYsWLtTYR to L ]LtSP] uY]PfTYPO

TYtP][]PtLtToY of jaP]d OPWTNTousk.

6) ESTs TYtP]NSLYRTYR SLs touNSPO PaPY [oWTtTNs. HSTWP tSTs sWLYR Ts usuLWWd

OoYP oYWd Md douYR RPYP]LtToYs, Tt R]Pb TY [o[uWL]Ttd Ou]TYR []otPsts

LRLTYst DoutS Ko]PLY []PsTOPYt BL]V 9PuY :dP. B]otPstP]s tu]YPO tSP

mTOOWP sdWWLMWP of BL]V 9PuY :dPks (박근혜) YLmP j근 JRPuYKk to tSP

sTYRuWL] Mut ]PsPmMWTYR WPttP] of jt JWPttP] bSosP [SoYPtTN aLWuP Ts jWkKk,

N]PLtTYR j박t혜 J4LV jLk :dPKk32. 3s YLmPs L]P NSP]TsSPO TY Ko]PLY

soNTPtd, tSTs LNtToY bLs aP]d WTVPWd OoYP Ls LY TYsuWt.

Conclusion

ESTs NSL[tP] WooVPO Lt tSP PffPNts of tSP ;YtP]YPt LYO moOP]Y LRP, Ps[PNTLWWd tSP PffPNts oY s[oVPY Ko]PLY. MoOP]Y t]PYOs TY tSP s[oVPY LYO b]TttPY WLYRuLRP tPYO to WPLY tobL]Os L ]uOTmPYtLW LYO fLstP] bLd to NommuYTNLtP tSP most

TYfo]mLtToY [ossTMWP bTtS L NP]tLTY ]PRL]O fo] No]]PNt R]LmmL], []oYuYNTLtToY, LYO s[PWWTYR.

ESP moOP]Y LRP LYO ]TsP of tPNSYoWoRd SLaP LffPNtPO MotS s[oVPY LYO b]TttPY Ko]PLY TY mLYd OTaP]sP bLds. 8]om LWtP]YLtP s[PWWTYRs to YPb LMM]PaTLtToYs

LYO f]om YPb sWLYR to PYtT]PWd OTffP]PYt RPY]Ps of NoWWoquTLW s[PPNS, Ko]PLY ]PmLTYs

L OTaP]sP LYO OdYLmTN WLYRuLRP tSLt bTWW NoYtTYuP to PaoWaP.

CONCLUSION OF THESIS

ESTs tSPsTs SLs []oaTOPO LY oaP]aTPb of ,00 dPL]s of s[oVPY Ko]PLY

PaoWutToY. 8]om L]NSPoWoRTsts LttPm[tTYR to [TPNP toRPtSP] oWO Ko]PLY Ou]TYR tSP tS]PP VTYROoms P]L to tSP N]TtTNLW TYaPYtToY of tSP Ko]PLY LW[SLMPt LYO tSP

MPRTYYTYR of tSP TY moOP]Y [P]ToO, tSP]P SLaP MPPY mLYd TYfWuPYNPs oY tSP

[PYTYsuWLks s[oVPY WLYRuLRP. ;Y LOOTtToY to tSP TYfWuc of WoLYbo]Os f]om MotS bPstP]Y LYO PLstP]Y WLYRuLRPs, tSP mo]P ]PNPYt t]PYOs TY tSP s[oVPY PaoWutToY

]PaoWaP L]ouYO tPWPNommuYTNLtToYs LYO tSP ;YtP]YPt Ls YPb bo]Os LYO sWLYR

Pc[]PssToYs L]P Mo]Y.

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