ABSTRACT An Investigation of the Evolution from Old Spoken Korean to Contemporary Spoken Korean Timothy Tatéossian-Zortian DireCtor: Sonia Kim Uber This thesis analyzes and monitors the evolution of spoken Korean with regards to major politiCal and social Changes on the Korean peninsula. The first Chapter Considers signifiCant historiCal events prior to 1948 and how they affeCted spoken Korean. The seCond Chapter disCusses how the Korean language has Changed since 1948, partiCularly between North Korea and South Korea. The final Chapter examines how the teChnologiCal revolution has impaCted speeCh in a modern Korea. It also Considers modern Cultural trends – such as ‘aegyo’ culture and the rise of e-games – into the forming of this dynamiC language. APPROVED BY DIRECTOR OF HONORS THESIS: ______________________________________________________ Prof. Sonia Kim Uber, Department of Modern Languages and Cultures APPROVED BY THE HONORS PROGRAM: ______________________________________________________ Dr. Elizabeth Corey, DireCtor Date: _____________________ AN INVESTIGATION OF THE EVOLUTION FROM OLD SPOKEN KOREAN TO CONTEMPORARY SPOKEN KOREAN A Thesis Submitted to the FaCulty of Baylor University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Honors Program By Timothy Tatéossian-Zortian WaCo, Texas May 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction to Thesis . 1 Chapter One: A Brief History of the Spoken Korean Language until 1948 . 2 Chapter Two: Korean Language 1948 – Present . 9 Chapter Three: Modern Korean in the Internet Age . 17 Conclusion to Thesis . 36 Bibliography . 37 ii INTRODUCTION TO THESIS D[oVPY WLYRuLRP Ts L OdYLmTN LYO OTaP]sP PYtTtd. ;Y LOOTtToY to PctP]YLW WTYRuTstTNLW TYfWuPYNPs, L NouYt]dks ]PWTRToY, [oWTtTNs, LYO NuWtu]P LWW SPLaTWd TYfWuPYNP L [L]tTNuWL] [Po[WPsk s[oVPY WLYRuLRP. ESTs tSPsTs bTWW Pc[Wo]P tSP TYfWuPYNPs Tm[LNtTYR moOP]Y s[oVPY Ko]PLY f]om Tts PL]WTP] ]oots to ]PNPYt TYtP]YPt sWLYR. ;t bTWW LWso OTsNuss sTRYTfTNLYt WLYOmL]V PaPYts, suNS Ls tSP N]PLtToY of tSP Ko]PLY LW[SLMPt LYO tSP OTaTsToY of tSP [PYTYsuWL, LYO Sob tSPd SLaP Tm[LNtPO tSP s[oVPY WLYRuLRP. ESP fT]st NSL[tP] bTWW OPsN]TMP fo]NPs TY tSP PaoWutToY of s[oVPY Ko]PLY f]om Tts PL]WTPst tTmPs uYtTW (04/, L mLUo] PaPYt Ou]TYR bSTNS tSP [PYTYsuWL MPNLmP TYOP[PYOPYt. ESP sPNoYO NSL[tP] OTsNussPs mLUo] fo]NPs NSLYRTYR s[oVPY Ko]PLY LftP] (04/. ;Y [L]tTNuWL], Tt bTWW Nom[L]P tSP s[oVPY WLYRuLRPs of No]tS LYO DoutS Ko]PL. 8TYLWWd, tSP tST]O NSL[tP] bTWW Pm[SLsTeP Sob RWoMLWTeLtToY i s[PNTfTNLWWd tSP ;YtP]YPt - LffPNtPO LYO NoYtTYuPs to Tm[LNt s[oVPY Ko]PLY. 1 CHAPTER ONE A Brief History of the Spoken Korean Language until 1948 ESP Ko]PLY WLYRuLRP Ts NoYsTOP]PO uYTquP [L]tWd OuP to Tts WL]RPWd uYVYobY o]TRTYs. LTYRuTsts SLaP LttPm[tPO to t]LNP Tts o]TRTYs Md NWLssTfdTYR Tt Ls LY 3WtLTN WLYRuLRP LWoYR bTtS MoYRoWTLY, Eu]VTsS, LYO JL[LYPsP. :obPaP], OPs[TtP tSPT] MPst Pffo]ts, tSP PcLNt o]TRTYs of tSP Ko]PLY WLYRuLRP stTWW ]PmLTY L mdstP]d3. 7aPY tSouRS tSP []PNTsP o]TRTYs of Ko]PLY mLd Yot MP VYobY, sNSoWL]s SLaP Yot sto[[PO f]om OPOuNTYR Sob tSP LYNTPYt VTYROoms of Ko]PL s[oVP LYO TYtP]LNtPO bTtS PLNS otSP] LYO otSP] [Po[WPs L]ouYO tSPm. ;Y tSP (,2h NPYtu]d, tSP TYaPYtToY of tSP Ko]PLY LW[SLMPt, :LYRPuW, NLtLWdePO NSLYRP tSLt bouWO MP aP]d TYfWuPYtTLW TY tSP PaoWutToY of s[oVPY Ko]PLY. 3s tSP moOP]Y P]L L[[]oLNSPO, tSP TYfWuPYNP of fo]PTRY [obP]s LYO tSPT] WLYRuLRPs oY tSP Ko]PLY s[oVPY WLYRuLRP TYN]PLsPO LYO MPNLmP PaP] mo]P L[[L]PYt. EoOLd, Ls L ]PsuWt of tSPsP fo]PTRY TYfWuPYNPs, moOP]Y s[oVPY Ko]PLY Ts L NoWo]fuW mTc of [u]P Ko]PLY bo]Os LYO WoLY bo]Os f]om 5STYPsP, 7YRWTsS, JL[LYPsP, 8]PYNS, LYO mLYd otSP] WLYRuLRPs16. Origins of Spoken Language during Three Kingdoms Era 2 ESP PL]WTPst b]TttPY ]PNo]Os of [Po[WP WTaTYR TY tSP Ko]PLY [PYTYsuWL OLtP MLNV to tSP .2h NPYtu]d 457. BP]SL[s Yot too su][]TsTYRWd, Pct]PmPWd fPb ]PNo]Os SLaP su]aTaPO f]om tSTs P]L tSLt RTaPs us NWuPs Ls to bSLt tSPT] s[oVPY WLYRuLRP mTRSt MP WTVP3. ESP dPL] ,. 4.5.7 Ts tSP RPYP]LWWd LNNP[tPO [P]ToO bSPY tSP 3 VTYROom P]L of 4LPVUP (백제), DSTWWL (신라), LYO 9oRu]dPo (고구려) stL]tPO11. ;t Ts Ou]TYR tSTs tTmP tSLt WTYRuTsts SLaP [ut toRPtSP] somP TOPLs LMout tSP LYNTPYt s[oVPY WLYRuLRP. DNSoWL]s WTVP 9u 6LP IuW (구대열) stuOTPO LYNTPYt L]NSTaPs, ]PNo]Os, LYO MooVs f]om tSP tS]PP VTYROom tTmP [P]ToO LYO NoYNWuOPO tSLt bSTWP tSP VTYROoms usPO OTffP]PYt OTLWPNts, tSPd NouWO stTWW NommuYTNLtP bTtS PLNS otSP]2. :Ts ]PsPL]NS TYOTNLtPs tSLt, TY LOOTtToY, s[PPNS bLs []oMLMWd Yot tSP oYWd fLNto] TY NommuYTNLtToY. :P suRRPstPO, mo]PoaP], tSLt otSP] fLNto]s suNS Ls MoOd WLYRuLRP LTOPO TYtP]-VTYROom NommuYTNLtToY. :obPaP], bSPY tSP DSTWWL KTYROom uYTfTPO tSP [PYTYsuWL TY 03, 57, Tts s[oVPY WLYRuLRP bouWO PaPYtuLWWd NomP to OomTYLtP LWW otSP] s[oVPY fo]ms2. ESP suMsPquPYt PaoWutToY of tSP LYNTPYt DSTWWL s[oVPY WLYRuLRP RLaP ]TsP to tSP moOP]Y Ko]PLY WLYRuLRP [Po[WP VYob LYO s[PLV toOLd. Creation of Hangeul in 1443 CE ;t bouWO Yot MP uYtTW LftP] tSP DSTWWL 6dYLstd uYTfTPO tSP Ko]PLY [PYTYsuWL TY 03, 57( tSLt L ]PNoRYTeLMWP uYTfTPO Ko]PLY WLYRuLRP bouWO MPRTY to L[[PL]. 3 7aPY tSouRS, Ou]TYR tSTs P]L, tSP s[oVPY WLYRuLRP bLs bSLt bouWO MP VYobY LYO ]PNoRYTePO Ls Ko]PLY, tSP b]TttPY WLYRuLRP sN]T[t bLs Mo]]obPO f]om 5STYPsP NSL]LNtP]s NLWWPO :LYUL (한자). 6uP to tSPsP NSL]LNtP]sk Nom[WPcTtd, oYWd tSP u[[P] NWLss LYO sNSoWL]s NouWO Lffo]O tSP tTmP LYO Pffo]t to WPL]Y Sob to b]TtP, WPLaTYR tSP WobP] NWLssPs bTtS aT]tuLWWd Yo o[[o]tuYTtd to WPL]Y(,17. ESTs sTtuLtToY NSLYRPO O]LstTNLWWd bSPY TY (443 57 KTYR DPUoYR LYO STs sNSoWL]s TYt]oOuNPO tSP :uYmTYUPoYRPum (훈민정음), LY LW[SLMPt fo] STs [Po[WP to WPL]Y Sob to ]PLO LYO b]TtP, VYobY toOLd Ls :LYRPuW (한글). :obPaP], OuP to tSP P]Lks sSLVd LYO uY[]POTNtLMWP [oWTtTNLW sTtuLtToY LYO tSP st]oYR o[[osTtToY to tSP LW[SLMPt Md tSP L]TstoN]LNd bSo PYUodPO MPTYR tSP oYWd WTtP]LtP NWLss, tSP YPbWd N]PLtPO LW[SLMPt bLs Yot TmmPOTLtPWd Tm[WPmPYtPO, LYO tSP soNTPtd of tSP OLd NoYtTYuPO to usP 5STYPsP NSL]LNtP]s Ls tSPT] mLTY b]TttPY sN]T[t17. 6Ps[TtP tSTs OPWLdPO L[[WTNLtToY of tSP YPb LW[SLMPt, tSP N]PLtToY of :LYRPuW SLO L sTRYTfTNLYt TYfWuPYNP oY tSP s[oVPY WLYRuLRP of tSP Ko]PLY [PYTYsuWL. AYP suNS Tm[LNt bLs tSP stL]t of L uYTfdTYR O]TaP bSP]P tSP TOPYtTtd of MPTYR lKo]PLYm stL]tPO to tLVP sSL[P. Nob tSLt L uYTquPWd lKo]PLYm b]TtTYR sdstPm bLs TYaPYtPO to Nom[WPmPYt tSP uYTquPWd lKo]PLYm souYOs LYO aobPWs, Ko]PLYs stL]tPO to 4 OPaPWo[ tSPT] obY OTstTYNtTaP TOPYtTtd sP[L]LtP f]om tSLt of otSP] YPL]Md [obP]s suNS Ls 5STYL17. European & US Influence 7u]o[PLYs fT]st MPNLmP LbL]P of Ko]PLks (Lt tSP tTmP, JosPoY 6dYLstd) PcTstPYNP most WTVPWd Ou]TYR tSP (-2h NPYtu]d bSPY tSP D[LYTsS LYO Bo]tuRuPsP bP]P Nom[PtTYR LRLTYst PLNS otSP] fo] t]LOTYR MPYPfTts bTtS JL[LY19. :obPaP], OuP to tSP fLNt tSLt Ko]PL bLs smLWWP] TY sTeP, quTtP SostTWP to fo]PTRYP]s, LYO PmM]oTWPO TY bL]s bTtS Tts YPTRSMo]s, tSP [PYTYsuWL bLs Yot o[PY LYO bPWNomTYR tobL]Os tSP PL]Wd 7u]o[PLY t]LOP]s. 3s L ]PsuWt, most of tSP 7u]o[PLY t]LOTYR LYO Pc[Wo]LtToY TY PLst 3sTL oNNu]]PO oY 5STYPsP o] JL[LYPsP soTW bSP]PLs Ko]PL ]PmLTYPO oYWd L aLRuP ]PfP]PYNP to L OTffP]PYt WLYO TY tSP mPmoT]s of tSP PL]Wd mP]NSLYts o] to LY uYVYobY [PYTYsuWL] TsWLYO oY tSP No]YP] of L mL[19. ESP fT]st moOP]Y HPstP]Y TYfWuPYNPs oY tSP Ko]PLY WLYRuLRP t]LNP tSPT] ]oots to tSP (02h NPYtu]d bSP]P TY (/.-, tSP JosPoY OdYLstd sTRYPO tSPT] fT]st moOP]Y t]PLtd bTtS JL[LY17. DooY, otSP] bPstP]Y NouYt]TPs suNS Ls tSP FYTtPO DtLtPs, 4]TtLTY, LYO 8]LYNP, PLNS j[P]suLOPOk JosPoY to sTRY sP[L]LtP t]PLtTPs. ;Y (//3, JosPoY fouYOPO Tts fT]st moOP]Y sNSooW TY o]OP] to tPLNS TYtP][]PtP]s. F[ to tSTs [oTYt, fo]PTRY WLYRuLRP TYfWuPYNPs oY s[oVPY Ko]PLY bP]P mTYTmLW2 SobPaP], tSTs NSLYRPO 5 TY (//, bSPY :o]LNP 9]LYt FYOP]booO LYO :PY]d 9P]SL]O 3[[PYePWWP] bP]P tSP fT]st WPRLW mTssToYL]TPs LWWobPO oY Ko]PLY WLYO). HSPY tSPd fouYOPO tSPT] WLYRuLRP sNSooWs TY Ko]PL, tSPT] YLtTaP bPstP]Y toYRuPs MPNLmP L [obP]fuW TYfWuPYNP oY tSP PaoWutToY of tSP Ko]PLY WLYRuLRP. AYP [obP]fuW fo]NP fo] tSP TYsP]tToY of fo]PTRY aoNLMuWL]d TYto s[oVPY Ko]PLY bLs YPbs[L[P]s. NPbs[L[P]s, WTVP tSP :LYsoYR DuYMo (한성순보) TY (//3, bP]P []TYtPO TY 5STYPsP NSL]LNtP]s LYO SLO suNS L fo]mLW toYP tSLt PaPY LftP] [uMWTsSTYR L fPb L]tTNWPs usTYR tSP Ko]PLY LW[SLMPt, tSPd bP]P Yot []ofTtLMWP LYO sSut OobY.