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The Mediterranean Coast of Israel Is a New City,Now Under
University of Rhode Island DigitalCommons@URI Theses and Major Papers Marine Affairs 12-1973 The editM erranean Coast of Israel: A Planner's Approach Sophia Professorsky University of Rhode Island Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.uri.edu/ma_etds Part of the Natural Resources Management and Policy Commons, and the Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons Recommended Citation Professorsky, Sophia, "The eM diterranean Coast of Israel: A Planner's Approach" (1973). Theses and Major Papers. Paper 146. This Major Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Marine Affairs at DigitalCommons@URI. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Major Papers by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@URI. For more information, please contact [email protected]. l~ .' t. ,." ,: .. , ~'!lB~'MEDI'1'ERRANEAN-GQAsT ~F.~"IsMt~·;.·(Al!~.oS:-A~PROACH ::".~~========= =~.~~=~~~==b======~~==~====~==.=~=====~ " ,. ••'. '. ,_ . .. ... ..p.... "".. ,j,] , . .;~ ; , ....: ./ :' ",., , " ",' '. 'a ". .... " ' ....:. ' ' .."~".,. :.' , v : ".'. , ~ . :)(A;R:t.::·AF'~~RS'· B~NMi'»APER. '..":. " i . .: '.'-. .: " ~ . : '. ". ..." '-" .~" ~-,.,. .... .., ''-~' ' -.... , . ", ~,~~~~"ed .' bYr. SOph1a,Ji~ofes.orsJcy .. " • "..' - 01 .,.-~ ~ ".··,::.,,;$~ld~~:' ·to,,:" f;~f.... ;)J~:Uexa~d.r . -". , , . ., .."• '! , :.. '> ...; • I ~:'::':":" '. ~ ... : .....1. ' ..~fn··tr8Jti~:·'btt·,~e~Mar1ne.~a1~S·~r~~. ", .:' ~ ~ ": ",~', "-". ~_"." ,' ~~. ;.,·;·X;'::/: u-=" .. _ " -. • ',. ,~,At:·;t.he ,un:lvers:U:~; tif Rh~:<:rs1..J\d. ~ "~.; ~' ~.. ~,- -~ !:).~ ~~~ ~,: ~:, .~ ~ ~< .~ . " . -, -. ... ... ... ... , •• : ·~·J;t.1l9ston.l~~;&:I( .. t)eceiDber; 1~73.• ". .:. ' -.. /~ NOTES, ===== 1. Prior to readinq this paper, please study the map of the country (located in the back-eover pocket), in order to get acquain:t.ed with names and locations of sites mentioned here thereafter. 2.- No ~eqaJ. aspects were introduced in this essay since r - _.-~ 1 lack the professional background for feedinq in tbe information. -
Clarification Notice-4- Amended
Procurement and Contracting Division November 14, 2016 To: Participants - Tender No. 41612 Re: NOTICE #4 TO PARTICIPANTS Tender No. 41612 For the Design, Manufacture and Supply of Track Motor Vehicles With Crane for Israel Railways Ltd. (“Tender”) This notice (this “ Notice ”) is being issued to Bidders in accordance with the provisions of Sections 22.5 and 23 of the General Terms and Conditions of the Tender Documents (the "General Terms "). For the removal of doubt, unless otherwise explicitly stated herein, the Tender Documents remain unchanged and fully binding. It is hereby further clarified that throughout the Tender Process, ISR shall only be bound to the information submitted by ISR in writing, and no oral or other non-written response or information will bind ISR for any and all purposes. Capitalized words and terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the same meaning ascribed to them in the Tender Documents. Explanatory Note Some of the questions required explanation and clarification rather than amendment to the Tender Documents and ISR has thus prepared responses in this Notice accordingly. For the removal of doubt, with respect to any question or request not specifically addressed in this Notice, the Tender Documents remain unchanged . Furthermore, ISR shall only be bound by the final version of the Tender Documents that will be executed by ISR. Unless explicitly stated otherwise, all the references to the Tender Documents in ISR's answers refer to the Documents as published in ISR's website. Israel Railways, P.O. Box 18085 Tel Aviv 61180, Israel, Phone: 972-3-6937570 ,Fax: 972-3-6937416 | www.rail.co.il | *5770 Procurement and Contracting Division The General Terms and Conditions of the Tender Documents Tender Documents 1. -
Port of Eilat Information, Operational
PORT OF EILAT INFORMATION, OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES AND REGULATIONS HANDBOOK EUROPE ASIA PIPELINE CO. OPERATIONS DIVISION JANUARY 2021 CONTENTS FORWARD 3 Inert gas systems 9 INTRODUCTION 4 Ballast water 9 Eilat – General Information 5 Engine 9 Available Facilities and Services 5 Berth Facilities 10 Shore Leave and Transportation 5 No. 1 Jetty 10 Communications 5 No. 2 Jetty 10 Medical Facilities 5 Mooring Lines -Requirements 10 Provisions and Stores 5 Discharging/Loading Arms 10 Fresh Water 5 Manifold Requirement 11 Bunkers 6 Safety Instructions 11 Repairs 6 Cellular Phones 12 Mooring Restrictions 6 Communication 12 Navigational and Meteorological 6 Ship to Shore Radio 13 Information Communication Location of Terminal 6 Cargo Operation Planning 13 Navigational Aids and Landmarks 6 Loading 13 Anchorage 7 Discharging 14 Chart and Pilot Books 7 Pollution Prevention 14 Tide and Currents 7 Oil Spill 14 Temperatures 7 Garbage, Waste Paper and 14 Cartons Winds 7 Accommodation 14 Rain 8 Fogs and Sand Storms 8 Sea Condition 8 Local Time 8 Pilotage 8 Pilotage (general) 8 Pilot Ladder Requirements 8 Berthing Information 8 Tugs and Boats 8 Loading Master 9 Arms Connections 9 Draft 9 FORWARD The purpose of this handbook is to acquaint Masters of tankers, ship owners and charterers with the regulations, general information, and services available to tankers and other vessels calling at the Eilat Oil Terminal. Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information contained herein. However, it does not replace any information contained in other official publications concerning the Port and the surrounding area. While the information contained is believed to be correct at the time of printing, Europe Asia Pipeline Company Ltd., its delegates and representatives assume no responsibility for any consequences resulting from errors contained therein, or from the use of this information for any purpose whatsoever. -
World Bank Document
Document of The World Bank FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized Report No. 4464 Public Disclosure Authorized PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT ISRAEL: SECOND HIGHWAY PROJECT (LOAN 781-IS) Public Disclosure Authorized May 2, 1983 Public Disclosure Authorized Europe, Middle East and North Africa Regional Office This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT ISRAEL: SECOND HIGHWAY PROJECT (LOAN 781-IS) Table of Contents Page No. Preface. Key Project Data . .ii Highlights ................... iv I. INTRODUCTION . 1 II. SECTOR BACKGROUND. 2 III. PROJECT PREPARATION AND APPRAISAL . 3 IV. PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION AND COST A. General . 4 B. Execution of Civil Works . 4 C. Costs .. .. 7 D. Quality of Completed Works . 9 E. Equipment Procurement . 9 F. Consulting Services . 9 G. Loan Covenants .9 V. INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT . 11 VI. ECONOMIC JUSTIFICATION . A. General .12 B. Traffic 12 C. Economic Benefits/Costs . 13 D. Economic Return .14 VII. CONCLUSIONS .16 Annexes Borrower Comments. .17a Tables 1. SAR Estimates and Actual Construction Periods . 18 2. SAR Estimates and Actual Project Costs . 19 3. Actual Construction Costs . 20 4. Variations in Construction Costs from SAR Estimates . 21 5. Variations in Currency Exchange Rates . 22 6. Cumulative Expenditures for MAZ and Ayalon Components . 23 7. Expenditures for MAZ Components . 24 | This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of | their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. -
Territorial Issues in the Israel- Palestinian Conflict
Israeli and Jordanian soldiers at the armistice line (Green Line) 1949 TERRITORIAL ISSUES IN THE ISRAEL- PALESTINIAN CONFLICT EXECUTIVE COUNCIL OF AUSTRALIAN JEWRY Territorial Issues in the Israel-Palestinian conflict PETER WERTHEIM AM EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, EXECUTIVE COUNCIL OF AUSTRALIAN JEWRY Current Israeli and Palestinian contentions about territory and borders reflect their conflicting perspectives on peoplehood, historic rights to the land, legal claims, security, Jerusalem and other emotionally charged issues. The usual starting point for considering these issues is the Arab-Israel war in June 1967, during which Israel captured the Sinai Peninsula and Gaza Strip from Egypt, the West Bank, including the old city of Jerusalem, from Jordan, and the Golan Heights from Syria. However, what is now referred to as the Israel-Palestinian conflict pre-dates the 1967 war, and even pre-dates the establishment of Israel in 1948, and the founding of the modern political movement of Zionism in 1897. Arab rejection of any kind of substantial Jewish presence, political or otherwise, in what is today Israel (let alone the territories captured by Israel in 1967) can be traced back to 1891, if not earlier.1 Arab opposition to the reconstitution of the Jewish Commonwealth in any part of the Jewish people’s historic homeland has been a constant of the conflict for more than one hundred years. Although Arab leaders have at different times proffered different religious, ethnic or nationalistic reasons for that opposition, it has been their preparedness to resort to unlawful violence in an attempt to enforce that opposition, and the Jewish people’s resolve to defend themselves from it, that has made the conflict a bloody one, albeit far less costly in human lives than most other international conflicts. -
Linking the Gaza Strip with the West Bank: Implications of a Palestinian Corridor Across Israel Justus Reid Weiner and Diane Morrison
Lebanon Syria Haifa Mediterranian Sea Tel-Aviv-YafoTel-Aviv-Yafo JerusalemJerusalem WestWest BBankank (Judea(Judea & SSamaria)amaria) za a GazaG I s r a e l Egypt Jordan Eilat Linking the Gaza Strip with the West Bank: Implications of a Palestinian Corridor Across Israel Justus Reid Weiner and Diane Morrison The Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs ®¯¢Ú© ‰È„Ó ¯Â·Èˆ ÈÈÈÚÏ ÈÓÏ˘Â¯È‰ ÊίӉ Institute for Contemporary Affairs Founded jointly with the Wechsler Family Foundation © 2007 Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs 13 Tel Hai Street, Jerusalem, Israel 92107 Tel. 972-2-561-9281 Fax. 972-2-561-9112 Email: [email protected] www.jcpa.org ISBN 965-218-058-0 Production Coordinator: Edna Weinstock-Gabay Graphic Design: Rami & Jacky / Efrat / Lenka Maps: Rami & Jacky Photos: AP Photo, Government Press Office Back cover photo: IDF Spokesman Acknowledgments The authors wish to thank their colleagues, Deborah Norris and Marie E. Yetsin, for their assistance. The authors appreciate the advice and assistance of Daniel Taub, Adv. Table of Contents Executive Summary 5 Introduction 9 I. The Doctrine of Statehood 11 A. The Traditional Criteria for Statehood as Enunciated by the Montevideo Convention of 1933 11 1. Criterion i: A Permanent Population 12 2. Criterion ii: A Defined Territory 12 3. Criterion iii: Government 13 4. Criterion iv: Capacity to Enter into Relations with Other States 14 5. Independence 16 B. Additional Criteria for Statehood 16 C. Additional Criteria for Statehood Suggested as a Result of Modern Developments in International Law 17 1. The Rule of Legality 18 3 2. -
Request for Information Railway to Eilat
STATE OF ISRAEL MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT AND ROAD SAFETY Economics and Planning Department Israel Railways Ltd . Request for Information Railway to Eilat November, 2010 Ministry of Transport and Road Safety, 5 Bank Israel St., 91950 Tel: +972-2-6663081 Fax: +972-2-6663083 Page 1 of 12 STATE OF ISRAEL MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT AND ROAD SAFETY Economics and Planning Dept. Request for Information (RFI) – Railway to Eilat Contents Subject Page 1. Goal 3 2. Background 3 3. Project Overview 4 4. Requested Information 8 5. RFI Procedure and Schedule 10 6. Miscellaneous 10 Appendices 11 Ministry of Transport and Road Safety, 5 Bank Israel St., 91950 Tel: +972-2-6663081 Fax: +972-2-6663083 Page 2 of 12 STATE OF ISRAEL MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT AND ROAD SAFETY Economics and Planning Dept. 1. Goal The Government of the State of Israel (hereinafter "GOI") is developing plans for a rail connection between Tel Aviv and Eilat (hereinafter "the Project"), and is considering contracting out to the private sector the implementation of the Project. See Project map in Appendix I. The GOI, therefore, invites interested parties worldwide to submit a detailed response to this RFI, in order that it may: examine private sector interest in design, construction, finance and operation; examine private sector capabilities; determine the form of private sector party participation in the Project implementation; and determine specifications of planning and design. 2. Background 2.1. Government Resolution #1421 from February 24th 2010 instructed the GOI to promote, inter alia, the design of a railway to Eilat. 2.2. This instruction is part of a broader program – Netivei Israel ("Israel Lines") - Transport Program for the Promotion of the Negev and the Galilee, 2010 - whose purpose is to develop Israel's peripheral areas by connecting them to the central region of the country . -
ILH MAP 2014 Site Copy
Syria 99 a Mt.Hermon M 98 rail Odem Lebanon T O Rosh GOLAN HEIGHTS 98 Ha-Nikra IsraelNational 90 91 C Ha-Khula 899 Tel Hazor Akhziv Ma’alot Tarshiha 1 Nahariya 89 89 Katzrin More than a bed to sleep in! L. 4 3 888 12 Vered Hagalil 87 Clil Yehudiya Forest Acre E 85 5 4 Almagor 85 85 6 98 Inbar 90 Gamla 70 Karmiel Capernaum A 807 79 GALILEE 65 -212 meters 92 Givat Yoav R 13 -695 11 2 70 79 Zippori 8 7 75 Hilf Tabash 77 2 77 90 75 Nazareth 767 Khamat Israel’s Top 10 Nature Reserves & National Parks 70 9 Yardenit Gader -IS Mt. Carmel 10 Baptismal Site 4 Yoqneam Irbid Hermon National Park (Banias) - A basalt canyon hiking trail leading Nahal 60 S Me’arot to the largest waterfall in Israel. 70 Afula Zichron Ya’acov Megiddo 65 90 Yehudiya Forest Nature Reserve - Come hike these magnicent 71 trails that run along rivers, natural pools, and waterfalls. 60 Beit Alfa Jisr Az-Zarqa 14 6 Beit 65 Gan Shean Zippori National Park - A site oering impressive ruins and Caesarea Um El-Fahm Hashlosha Beit mosaics, including the stunning “Mona Lisa of the Galilee”. 2 Shean Jordan TEL Hadera 65 River Jenin Crossing Caesarea National Park - Explore the 3500-seat theatre and 6 585 S other remains from the Roman Empire at this enchanting port city. Jarash 4 Jerusalem Walls National Park - Tour this amazing park and view Biblical 60 90 Netanya Jerusalem from the city walls or go deep into the underground tunnels. -
Eilat Ashkelon Pipeline Company Ltd. Your Energy Gateway
Eilat Ashkelon Pipeline Company Ltd. Your Energy Gateway Eilat Ashkelon Pipeline Company Ltd. Your Energy Gateway CONTENT Introduction ..................................................................................................... 4 The System ............................................................................................................ 6 The Reverse Flow Project .................................................................................. 10 System's Map .................................................................................................... 12 Other Infrastructure Services ............................................................................... 14 EAPC Looks to the Future .................................................................................. 16 Community & Environment ................................................................................ 20 Useful Conversion Factors and Tables .............................................................. 23 INTRODUCTION Founded in 1968, the Eilat Ashkelon Pipeline Co. Ltd. (EAPC) serves as a land bridge for transporting crude oil from the Red Sea to the Mediterranean and vice versa. The crude oil pipeline system consists of 3 separate pipelines: A 42", 254-km long line links the Red Sea Port of Eilat with the Mediterranean Port of Ashkelon. Two other lines feed the Oil Refineries in Haifa and Ashdod. The company operates two oil ports and two oil terminals with a total storage capcity of 3.6 million cubic meters for crude oil and oil -
Towards a New Eastern Mediterranean Energy Corridor?
The rise of Turkey and the new Mediterranean Research programme TOWARDS A NEW EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN ENERGY CORRIDOR? Natural gas developments between market opportunities and geopolitical risks by Simone Tagliapietra (Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei) Keywords: Eastern Mediterranean / Natural gas / Energy geopolitics / Turkey / Israel / Egypt / Cyprus / Lebanon / European Union / Security of Gas Supply / Energy security / The rise of Turkey and the new Mediterranean Research programme Introduction The politics and economics of eastern Mediterranean energy are rapidly changing. The political transition in Egypt after the Arab Spring, the civil war in Syria, the emergence of Turkey as leading regional power, the tensions between Israel and Gaza, the repeated strains between Turkey and Israel and the never-ending dispute between Turkey and the Republic of Cyprus are -all together- reshuffling the regional geopolitical equilibrium. At the same time natural gas findings are flourishing in the offshore of Egypt, Israel, and Cyprus, reshaping the regional energy map and rapidly making the eastern Mediterranean a world-class natural gas province. These geopolitical and energy pressures are rapidly converging, generating a number of new challenges and opportunities for each player in the region. The aim of this paper is to provide a wide framework of understanding of this situation, through the lens of natural gas geopolitics. To this end, the paper will first provide an overview on the eastern Mediterranean natural gas market, also illustrating the most important project of natural gas cooperation ever attempted in the region: the Arab Gas Network. Secondly, the paper will describe how the recent unilateral halt of Egyptian gas supplies to Israel and the interruption of the Arab Gas Pipeline in the aftermath of the Arab Spring ended the expectations of regional gas cooperation embodied by the Arab Gas Network project. -
2 Palestine Logistics Infrastructure
2 Palestine Logistics Infrastructure Seaports The Port of Ashdod - just 40 km from Tel Aviv, it is the closest to the country's major commercial centres and highways. Ashdod Port has been operating since 1965 and is one of the few ports in the world built on open sea. The Port of Haifa - the Port of Haifa is the largest of Israel's three major international seaports, which include the Port of Ashdod, and the Port of Eilat. It has a natural deep-water harbour which operates all year long and serves both passenger and cargo ships. The Port of Haifa lies to the north of Haifa's Downtown quarter at the Mediterranean and stretches to some 3 km along the city's central shore with activities ranging from military, industrial and commercial aside to a nowadays-small passenger cruising facility. The Port of Eilat - the Port of Eilat is the only Israeli port on the Red Sea, located at the northern tip of the Gulf of Aqaba. It has significant economic and strategic importance. The Port of Eilat was opened in 1957 and is today mainly used for trading with Far East countries as it allows Israeli shipping to reach the Indian Ocean without having to sail through the Suez Canal. International airports There are two international airports operational in Israel, managed by theIsrael Airports Authority.Ben Gurion Airportserves as the main entrance and exit airport in and out of Israel.Ramon Airportbeing the second largest airport serves as the primarydiversion airportfor Ben Gurion Airport. Road and Rail Transport Roads - Transportation in Israelis based mainly on private motor vehicles and bus service and an expanding railway network. -
Israel's Blockade of Gaza, the Mavi Marmara Incident, and Its Aftermath
Israel’s Blockade of Gaza, the Mavi Marmara Incident, and Its Aftermath Carol Migdalovitz Specialist in Middle Eastern Affairs June 23, 2010 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R41275 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Israel’s Blockade of Gaza, the Mavi Marmara Incident, and Its Aftermath Summary Israel unilaterally withdrew from the Gaza Strip in 2005, but retained control of its borders. Hamas, a U.S. State Department-designated Foreign Terrorist Organization (FTO), won the 2006 Palestinian legislative elections and forcibly seized control of the territory in 2007. Israel imposed a tighter blockade of Gaza in response to Hamas’s takeover and tightened the flow of goods and materials into Gaza after its military offensive against Hamas from December 2008 to January 2009. That offensive destroyed much of Gaza’s infrastructure, but Israel has obstructed the delivery of rebuilding materials that it said could also be used to manufacture weapons and for other military purposes. Israel, the U.N., and international non-governmental organizations differ about the severity of the blockade’s effects on the humanitarian situation of Palestinian residents of Gaza. Nonetheless, it is clear that the territory’s economy and people are suffering. In recent years, humanitarian aid groups have sent supply ships and activists to Gaza. However, Israel directs them to its port of Ashdod for inspection before delivery to Gaza. In May 2010, the pro-Palestinian Free Gaza Movement and the pro-Hamas Turkish Humanitarian Relief Fund organized a six-ship flotilla to deliver humanitarian aid to Gaza and to break Israel’s blockade of the territory.