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'Esources Managemen~ Plan Nin G ------South Asi a C O-Operat Ive Environm N Programm E

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'Esources Managemen~ Plan Nin G ------South Asi a C O-Operat Ive Environm N Programm E 'ESOURCES MANAGEMEN~ PLAN NIN G --------------------------------------------------------------------------- SOUTH ASI A C O-OPERAT IVE ENVIRONM N PROGRAMM E Re ort of the SACEP/ESCAP/CEA Works hop on Coast a l Resources Man agement Planning i n the SACEP Region 10 - 14 June 1991 Colombo, Sri Lanka SOUTH ASIA CO-OPERATIVE ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME (SACEP) " REPORT OF THE SACEP/ESCAP/CEA WORKSHOP ON COASTAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PLANNING IN THE SACEP REGION CONTENTS Para Introduction 1 Attendance 2 Inauguration 3 working Sessions 4 Identification and Discussion of coastal Zone Management Issues within the SACEP Region S INSTITUTIONAL SA LEGAL MECHANISMS SB .­ COMMON CONCERNS 5C ONGOING PROGRAMMES SD RECOMMENDED REGIONAL ACTIONS 5E Conclusion 6 ANNEX I. List of Participants II. Inauguration Ceremony - Programme III. Address by Dr. Rezaul Karim, Chief, Environment Section, Division of Industry, Human Settlements and Environment, ESCAP IV. Work Programme V. Country Reports A) Maldives B) Pakistan C) Sri Lanka VI. Country Case Studies A) Maldives Fj) Pakistan C) Sri Lanka VII. Guest Presentations/Abstracts A) Coastal Zone Management; Why a Special Initiative Mr. H J M Wickremaratne B) Coastal Erosion Hazards and its Mitigation in Sri Lanka Mr. 0 Godage , C) Environmentally Sound Preparations Against Natural Disasters Dr. R Karim 0) Elements of A Coastal Zone Management Programme Ms. 0 Sadacharan E) Environmental Impact Assessment in Coastal Zone Management Ms. Shiranee Yasaratne F) Downstream Impacts of Upstream Development Mr. N Karunakaran G) The Mangrove Environment In Sri Lanka Mr A M S Baminiwatte SOUTH ASIA CO-OPERATIVE ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME SACBP/BSCAP/CEA WORKSHOP ON COASTAL RESOURCBS MANAGBMENT PLANNING IN THE SACEP RBGION 10 - 14 JUNE 1991 COLOMBO - SRI LANKA REPORT 1 . INTRODUCTION A Workshop on Coastal Resources Management Planning in the SACEP Region funded by the Economic and Social Commission for Asia & Pacific, hosted by the Central Env~ronmental Authority of Sri Lanka and convened and organised by the. South Asia Co-operative Environment Programme w~s held in Colombo, Sri Lanka from the 10 - 14th June 1991. 2 • ATTBNDANCE This Workshop was attended by the Representatives of the three Marine Member states of SACEP, namely Maldives, Pakistan & Sri Lanka and of the United Nations Economic & Social Commission for Asia & Pacific. The List of PartiCipants is given in Annex I. 3 • INAUGURATION The workshop was inaugurated by Hon. Vincent Perera, Minister of Environment & Parliamentary Affairs, Sri Lanka. Hon. Dr. Wimal Wickremasinghe, Minister of Environment, Sri Lanka and Hon. M E H Maharoof, State Minister of Ports & Shipping, Sri Lanka, were also present. The Agenda for the Inauguration is found in Annex II. The Chairman and the other members of the Consultative Committee of SACEP as well as Mr. Robert England the Resident Representative of UNDP in Sri Lanka were also present at the ceremony. 1 The address made by Dr. Rezaul Karim, Chief, Environment Sectlon, Dlvision of Industry, Human Settlements and Environment, ESCAP is reproduced in Annex III. 4. WORKING SESSIONS The work programme drawn up by the SACEP Secretariat, in consultation with the Resource Persons is shown as Annex IVi the Country Reports and Case Studies as Annex V and the abstracts of Guest presentations as Annex VI. 5. IDENTIFICATION AND DISCUSSION OF COASTAL ZONE MANA~MENT ISSUES WITHIN THE SACEP REGION It was agreed that identification and discussions of Coastal Zone Management ~ssues in the South Asian Region should be according to the following format. A) Institutional Mechanisms * National * Provincial B) Legal Mechanisms * National * Provincial C) C~mmon Concerns D) Ongo~ng Programmes E) Recommended Regional Actions The discussions centered mainly round the three countries represented namely Maldives, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. 2 \ ., A) INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS * NATIONAL F=C=O=UN=T=R=y====Ir=L=E=AD=="=A=~=E~~='I=E=S======~=R=E=S=P=O=N=S=IB=~=~=I=T=I=E=S==============q ~~~~~--~~~~~~~~---------~~~~~~~~~------------~ MALDIVES * Ministry of Environmental matters Planning & including Environmental Environment Impact Assessments * Ministry of Dredging; Coast Protection; Public Works & Ports etc. ::..abour *. Ministry of Coast Guard Service; policing Defence & the Exclusive Economic Zone National (EEZ) Security * National Advisory Body Commission for the Protection of the Environment '. .-. 3 \ F======;:==============;=='=-=--=-.:=::::::---=-=.=-==========.1 LEAD AGENCIES RESPONSIBILITIES ICOUNT;:-!, -.._---_. PAKISTAN * Ministry of Shipping; Pollution Communication, (Specially Oil Pollution); Ports & Ports Authority. I Shipping Wing * Maritime Marine Pollution in the Security Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) Agency I and other Coastal Areas outside the jurisdiction of the Ports; Illegal fishing by foreign vessels. * Min'istry of Preparation of National Environment & Standards for effluents; Oil Urban Affairs Spill Contingency Plans; ! Environmental Impact I Assessments; Marine Pollution * National Research & Development work Institute of in the Coastal Zones and the oceanography Exclusive Economic (EEZ) (NIO) covering. all aspects except legal 4 · I LBAD AGENCIBS RESPONSIBILITIES PAKISTAN .. Ministry of Activities in the Marine Food & Fisheries Department & fish Aqriculture resources manaqement within the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) I .. Ministry of I Tourism .. National I• Surveys and Research . Oceanoqraphic commission (NOC) 1-_---_. _.....1..._____.••..____._....._ ._... _ .........__..._ ....... _ ..___..__...............___._...... _ .......... _ .........____........ 5 r======::;=========='"== -...-- _.. .__..:::""'"'==.,....:::::"======= COUNTRY LEAD.AGENCIES RESPONSIBILITIES SRI LANKA * Ministry of Coastal Zone Management Ports & including Coast Protection Shipping Coast Conservation Department i * Ministry of I overall control of Environment & I environmental aspects of Parliamentary I Development, Policies, Affairs / I Programmes & Projects Ministry of I Environment I * Central Planning, Implementation, Environmental Enforcement & Monitoring of Authority Development, Policies, (CIA) Programmes & Projects * Urban Management of activities in Development declared urban areas Authority (UDA) * Ministry of Research & Development Fisheries & relating to aquatic resources Aquatic Resources/ National Aquatic Resources Agency (NARA) 6 DlSTI'1VI'IOIIAL MBCBAIUSMS * PROV:IMCXAL COUNTRY LEAD AGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES MALDIVES - ----- ..- .......... ,...-,,,.---~- PAKISTAN '* Baluchistan Development works Development relating to Ports, Authority Jetties, Infrastructure, water Supply falling within the . jurisdiction of the province. * Sindh & Management of Baluchistan Coastal Fisheries Provincial within the two Departments of provinces. Fisheries '* Sindh & Management of Baluchistan Coastal Forests Forestry within the two Department provinces. SRI LANKA '* Provincial control of Councils provincial Land « Local water Resources -­ 7 B) LEGAL MECHANISMS MALDIVES' , PAKISTAN SRI LANKA 1-----.-------+---.---....----.---.-+-..--....-..----.....-.......-....-.._.--_..-_._..--_.........._­ * Environmental * Environmental * Coast Conservation Law (Now in Protection Act (57 of 1981) & draft stage) Ordinance of Amendment (1988) 1983 * Maritime Zone Law (22 of I * Forest Act of 1976) I Sindh * Urban Development I * Forest Act of I Authority Law (41 of Baluchistan 1978) * Fisheries Act * Control of Pesticides of Sindh Act (33 of 1980) * Fisheries Act * Forest Ordinance of Baluchistan * Fauna & Flora *.Shipping Act Protection Ordinance I * Harbour Act * National Aquatic * Sindh Wildlife Resources, Research & Act Development Agency * Local Bodies Act (54 of 1981) Acts of Sindh * Natural Resources, & Baluchistan Energy & Science * Maritime Authority of Sri Security Act Lanka Act (78 of (Now in draft 1981) stage) * Nat.ional Environmental * Baluchistan Act (1980), Amendment Wildlife Act (1988) and Regulations made under this Act * Fisheries Act * Greater Colombo Economic Commission Act * Marine Pollution Prevention Act 8 C) COMMON CONCERNS several concerns of common interests to the South Asian countries emerged from the discussions. The following are some of these main concerns. a) POLLUTION The disposal of sewerage and solid municipal waste posed a major problem in the coastal municipalities of all countries. A major concern was voiced about high pollution on the coast of Pakistan and the coast of Sri La~ka, whilst industrial pollution was a concern in Sri Lanka and the Sindh coast in Pakistan specially around Karachi. The discharge of heated industrial effluents into coastal waters is a problem of some concern in Pakistan. b) HABITAT DEGRADATION AND DESTRUCTION i) MANGROVES Degradation and destruction of mangrove forests in the Indus Delta through salinisation, human destruction and camel grazing is a serious concern in Pakistan. In Sri Lanka the major threat to mangroves are conversion 'to other uses such as "Reclamation", Overexploitation and Aquaculture development. ii) CORAL REEFS The mining of coral reefs and extraction of living organisms from coral reefs is of serious concern in the Maldives and Sri Lanka. The presence of Acanthaster planci (Crown of Thorns starfish) poses a serious threat to these coral reefs. Destructive fishing methods pose another serious threat to coral reefs in Sri Lanka. 9 \ iii) COASTAL EROSION Coastal Erosion is a serious concern in the Maldives and Sri Lanka. In Pakistan, coastal erosion is not generally perceived as a serious problem.
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