Library of Congress Medium of Performance Terms for Music
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A clarinet (soprano) albogue anzhad USE clarinet BT double reed instrument USE imzad a-jaeng alghōzā Appalachian dulcimer USE ajaeng USE algōjā UF American dulcimer accordeon alg̲hozah Appalachian mountain dulcimer USE accordion USE algōjā dulcimer, American accordion algōjā dulcimer, Appalachian UF accordeon A pair of end-blown flutes played simultaneously, dulcimer, Kentucky garmon widespread in the Indian subcontinent. dulcimer, lap piano accordion UF alghōzā dulcimer, mountain BT free reed instrument alg̲hozah dulcimer, plucked NT button-key accordion algōzā Kentucky dulcimer lõõtspill bīnõn mountain dulcimer accordion band do nally lap dulcimer An ensemble consisting of two or more accordions, jorhi plucked dulcimer with or without percussion and other instruments. jorī BT plucked string instrument UF accordion orchestra ngoze zither BT instrumental ensemble pāvā Appalachian mountain dulcimer accordion orchestra pāwā USE Appalachian dulcimer USE accordion band satāra arame, viola da acoustic bass guitar BT duct flute USE viola d'arame UF bass guitar, acoustic algōzā arará folk bass guitar USE algōjā A drum constructed by the Arará people of Cuba. BT guitar alpenhorn BT drum acoustic guitar USE alphorn arched-top guitar USE guitar alphorn USE guitar acoustic guitar, electric UF alpenhorn archicembalo USE electric guitar alpine horn USE arcicembalo actor BT natural horn archiluth An actor in a non-singing role who is explicitly alpine horn USE archlute required for the performance of a musical USE alphorn composition that is not in a traditionally dramatic archiphone form. alto (singer) A microtonal electronic organ first built in 1970 in the Netherlands. BT performer USE alto voice adufo alto clarinet BT electronic organ An alto member of the clarinet family that is USE tambourine archlute associated with Western art music and is normally An extended-neck lute with two peg boxes that aenas pitched in E♭. was principally used in the Baroque period, on which USE launeddas UF E♭ clarinet (alto) the upper courses are tuned like a Renaissance lute aeolian harp E-flat clarinet (alto) and the diapasons are tuned diatonically. UF eolian harp BT clarinet UF archiluth BT zither alto flute arcileuto aeoliphone A flute in G, a fourth below the concert flute. arciliuto USE wind machine UF bass flute (alto flute) erzlaute aerophone BT flute liuto attiorbato A musical instrument that creates sound through alto horn BT lute the vibration of air without the use of strings or arcicembalo membranes. A valved brass instrument of alto pitch that is similar to a small euphonium in shape. A harpsichord equipped with many divided keys, or BT instrument UF cavalry horn a second manual, to allow more precise tuning of NT armpit squeezing diatonic, chromatic, and enharmonic notes. E♭ horn balloon E-flat horn UF archicembalo free aerophone mellophone BT harpsichord free reed instrument tenor horn arcileuto organ BT saxhorn USE archlute whistling alto recorder arciliuto wind chime BT recorder USE archlute wind controller alto saxophone arcivioladaslyras wind instrument BT saxophone USE lirone aerostat alto trombone arciviolata USE balloon BT trombone USE lirone aetherphon alto voice arciviolatalira USE theremin UF alto (singer) USE lirone Afghan lute contralto voice armonica USE rubāb BT female voice USE glass harmonica African hand piano low voice armpit squeezing USE mbira A performer who traps air in his or her armpit and amadinda creates sound through a squeezing motion. agbe A log xylophone of the Ganda people of Uganda. USE cabaca BT aerophone UF madinda aggüé body percussion BT xylophone USE cabaca arpeggione American dulcimer agogo A fretted bowed string instrument of the 19th A conical bell or bells mounted on a sprung steel USE Appalachian dulcimer century, tuned like a guitar. hoop. American Indian flute UF bowed guitar UF agogo bells USE Native American flute guitar violoncello gan gan amore, flûte d' BT bowed lute BT bell USE flûte d'amour atabaque agogo bells amzad A large, narrow, single-headed conical drum from USE agogo USE imzad Brazil. ajaeng anata UF tambor UF a-jaeng USE tarka BT drum BT bowed string instrument angklung (rattle) atcheré A tuned bamboo sliding rattle of Indonesia and USE cabaca zither Southeast Asia, or a set of such rattles. ala atenteben BT indirectly struck idiophone USE psaltery An end-blown bamboo flute from Ghana. angklung (xylophone) albogón BT duct flute An East Javanese xylophone consisting of bamboo audeharp USE alboka tubes in a frame. albogue A wooden harp with sixty parallel strings in two UF kechruk planes that intersect near the middle. USE alboka BT xylophone BT harp alboka antara A Basque hornpipe with two pipes played audience simultaneously. USE panpipes One or more participants in the performance of a anzad musical work, other than the performer(s) on stage or UF albogón USE imzad otherwise presenting the work. MP-1 audience (Continued) balalaika ensemble combines elements of lute and zither construction. BT ensemble An ensemble consisting of two or more balalaikas. UF bandoura performer BT plucked instrument ensemble BT plucked string instrument aulos balalaika orchestra bandurria An ancient Greek reed instrument typically played An ensemble consisting largely or wholly of A plucked string instrument from Spain, Latin in pairs by one player. balalaikas and domras of different sizes, usually America, and the Philippines. BT double reed instrument including other Russian or Ukrainian folk instruments, UF bandola percussion, woodwinds, and one or more bayans. autoharp mandurria BT plucked string instrument BT instrumental ensemble BT plucked lute zither balalayka bang zi automatic instrument USE balalaika USE wood block USE mechanical instrument balaman (double reed instrument) bangdi automatic musical instrument USE bālabān (double reed instrument) UF duandi USE mechanical instrument balaman (single-reed instrument) gaodi automatic organ USE bālabān (single reed instrument) BT di zi USE mechanical organ balaphon bangu automatophone USE balo USE dan pi ku USE mechanical instrument baliha bangzi B♭ clarinet (soprano) USE valiha USE wood block USE clarinet balloon banjo B♭ contrabass clarinet UF aerostat BT plucked lute USE contrabass clarinet BT aerophone banjo uke B-flat clarinet (soprano) percussion instrument USE banjo ukulele USE clarinet balo banjo ukulele A West African gourd-resonated frame xylophone. B-flat contrabass clarinet An instrument combining a banjo body and ukulele USE contrabass clarinet UF bala tuning. Bʹ♭ tuba balafo UF banjo uke USE tuba balafon banjolele babadok balafou banjouke A small conical drum played by women in Timor- balaphon banjulele Leste. BT mallet instrument ukulele banjo UF babadok drum Baltic psaltery BT plucked lute BT drum UF kanklės banjolele babadok drum kannel USE banjo ukulele USE babadok kantele banjouke baby rattle kokle USE banjo ukulele A toy rattle usually used to entertain infants, but BT psaltery banjulele sometimes used as a musical instrument. bamboo marimba USE banjo ukulele BT rattle UF boo (bamboo marimba) banká toy instrument BT mallet instrument USE ekón baganā bamboo pipe bānsrī USE begena USE pipe (musical instrument) USE bānsurī bağlama bambuso sonoro bānsurī A Turkish long-necked lute. An experimental bamboo organ designed by artist One of various types of South Asian flutes. Hans van Koolwijk. BT saz UF baṃsarī bagpipe BT organ bāṃsurī UF biniou baṃsarī bānsrī cornemuse (bagpipe) USE bānsurī bā̃srī musette (bagpipe) bāṃsurī bā̃surī BT double reed instrument USE bānsurī halur NT border pipes band husor chiboni A large ensemble consisting primarily of winds, brass, and percussion. solor dudy BT ductless flute gaita (bagpipe) UF concert band military band bariton mišnice USE baryton Northumbrian small pipe symphonic band symphonic wind ensemble baritone (singer) sordellina USE baritone voice uilleann pipe symphonic winds wind band baritone horn veuze The baritone instrument of the saxhorn family, bagpipe band wind ensemble (band) pitched in B♭. For the tenor of the tuba family see USE pipe band wind orchestra euphonium bajan wind symphony BT saxhorn USE bayan BT instrumental ensemble baritone saxophone bajo sexto NT big band BT saxophone A large 12-string Mexican guitar. brass band baritone voice BT guitar drum and bugle corps UF baritone (singer) bala fife and drum corps BT male voice USE balo marching band medium voice bālabān (double reed instrument) band, washboard Baroque lute A traditional cylindrical oboe of the Caucasas. USE washboard band A lute popular in 17th-18th century Europe that has band organ ten to thirteen courses, and the upper courses are UF balaman (double reed instrument) USE fairground organ tuned to an open D minor chord. BT double reed instrument bandola BT lute bālabān (single reed instrument) USE bandurria barrel organ A single reed instrument of the Uzbek and Tajik A small organ played chiefly by street musicians, in peoples of Central Asia. bandolín A 15-stringed instrument from Ecuador that derives which a barrel with pins or staples is activated by a UF balaman (single-reed instrument) from the bandurria and/or bandola. hand crank. BT single reed instrument BT plucked lute UF Dutch organ balabayka bandoneon grinder organ USE balalaika A square button-key accordion popular in South hand organ balafo America. street organ USE balo BT button-key accordion BT mechanical organ balafon bandora NT hydraulic barrel organ USE balo A plucked wire-strung bass instrument invented in barrel piano balafou England