Diversity and Evolution of Vitaceae in the Philippines
Philippine Journal of Science 142: 223-244, Special Issue ISSN 0031 - 7683 Date Received: ?? ???????? 2013 Diversity and Evolution of Vitaceae in the Philippines Jun Wen1, Limin Lu2, and John K. Boggan1 1 Department of Botany, MRC-166, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013-7012, U.S.A. 2 State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China Vitaceae is economically well-known for grapes and ecologically important as major lianas in tropical and temperate forests. This study analyzes the assembly of taxa of Vitaceae in the Philippines in the phylogenetic framework using five chloroplast DNA markers and enumerates the taxonomy of Vitaceae in the Philippines. The results suggest active floristic exchanges between the Philippines and other parts of Asia and Australia in the Miocene and Pliocene with some elements in the Oligocene. The taxonomic study recognizes seven genera and 55 species. Two new species are validly published and four new combinations are made: Ampelocissus sinuosa (Merr.) J. Wen & Boggan, comb. nov.; Causonis corniculata (Benth.) J. Wen & L.M. Lu, comb. nov.; Causonis pterita (Merr.) J. Wen & L.M. Lu, comb. nov.; Tetrastigma simplicifolia (Merr.) J. Wen & Boggan, comb. nov.; Tetrastigma silvestrei Elmer ex J. Wen & Boggan, sp. nov., and Cayratia coi J. Wen & Boggan, sp. nov. The last species is named in honor of Leonardo Co. Key Words: Vitaceae, Philippines, phylogeny, taxonomy, Ampelocissus, Ampelopsis, Causonis, Cayratia, Cissus, Cyphostemma, Parthenocissus, Pterisanthes, Rafflesia, Nothocissus, Tetrastigma, Vitis INTRODUCTION have suggested the need to redefine several genera. Cayratia Juss., Cyphostemma (Planch.) Alston and Tetrastigma were Vitaceae (the grape family) consists of about 14 genera and supported to form a clade by all these analyses and the 900 species primarily distributed in tropical regions (Wen monophyly of Cyphostemma and Tetrastigma was each 2007a).
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