Inquiry Into the U.S.S. Pueblo and Ec-121. Plane Incidents
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In Pueblo's Wake
IN PUEBLO’S WAKE: FLAWED LEADERSHIP AND THE ROLE OF JUCHE IN THE CAPTURE OF THE USS PUEBLO by JAMES A. DUERMEYER Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Arlington in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN U.S. HISTORY THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT ARLINGTON December 2016 Copyright © by James Duermeyer 2016 All Rights Reserved Acknowledgements My sincere thanks to my professor and friend, Dr. Joyce Goldberg, who has guided me in my search for the detailed and obscure facts that make a thesis more interesting to read and scholarly in content. Her advice has helped me to dig just a bit deeper than my original ideas and produce a more professional paper. Thank you, Dr. Goldberg. I also wish to thank my wife, Janet, for her patience, her editing, and sage advice. She has always been extremely supportive in my quest for the masters degree and was my source of encouragement through three years of study. Thank you, Janet. October 21, 2016 ii Abstract IN PUEBLO’S WAKE: FLAWED LEADERSHIP AND THE ROLE OF JUCHE IN THE CAPTURE OF THE USS PUEBLO James Duermeyer, MA, U.S. History The University of Texas at Arlington, 2016 Supervising Professor: Joyce Goldberg On January 23, 1968, North Korea attacked and seized an American Navy spy ship, the USS Pueblo. In the process, one American sailor was mortally wounded and another ten crew members were injured, including the ship’s commanding officer. The crew was held for eleven months in a North Korea prison. -
New Documents on Mongolia and the Cold War
Cold War International History Project Bulletin, Issue 16 New Documents on Mongolia and the Cold War Translation and Introduction by Sergey Radchenko1 n a freezing November afternoon in Ulaanbaatar China and Russia fell under the Mongolian sword. However, (Ulan Bator), I climbed the Zaisan hill on the south- after being conquered in the 17th century by the Manchus, Oern end of town to survey the bleak landscape below. the land of the Mongols was divided into two parts—called Black smoke from gers—Mongolian felt houses—blanketed “Outer” and “Inner” Mongolia—and reduced to provincial sta- the valley; very little could be discerned beyond the frozen tus. The inhabitants of Outer Mongolia enjoyed much greater Tuul River. Chilling wind reminded me of the cold, harsh autonomy than their compatriots across the border, and after winter ahead. I thought I should have stayed at home after all the collapse of the Qing dynasty, Outer Mongolia asserted its because my pen froze solid, and I could not scribble a thing right to nationhood. Weak and disorganized, the Mongolian on the documents I carried up with me. These were records religious leadership appealed for help from foreign countries, of Mongolia’s perilous moves on the chessboard of giants: including the United States. But the first foreign troops to its strategy of survival between China and the Soviet Union, appear were Russian soldiers under the command of the noto- and its still poorly understood role in Asia’s Cold War. These riously cruel Baron Ungern who rode past the Zaisan hill in the documents were collected from archival depositories and pri- winter of 1921. -
The Soviet Union and the North Korean Seizure of the USS Pueblo: Evidence from Russian Archives
COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT WORKING PAPER #47 The Soviet Union and the North Korean Seizure of the USS Pueblo: Evidence from Russian Archives By Sergey S. Radchenko THE COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT WORKING PAPER SERIES CHRISTIAN F. OSTERMANN, Series Editor This paper is one of a series of Working Papers published by the Cold War International History Project of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington, D.C. Established in 1991 by a grant from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Cold War International History Project (CWIHP) disseminates new information and perspectives on the history of the Cold War as it emerges from previously inaccessible sources on “the other side” of the post-World War II superpower rivalry. The project supports the full and prompt release of historical materials by governments on all sides of the Cold War, and seeks to accelerate the process of integrating new sources, materials and perspectives from the former “Communist bloc” with the historiography of the Cold War which has been written over the past few decades largely by Western scholars reliant on Western archival sources. It also seeks to transcend barriers of language, geography, and regional specialization to create new links among scholars interested in Cold War history. Among the activities undertaken by the project to promote this aim are a periodic BULLETIN to disseminate new findings, views, and activities pertaining to Cold War history; a fellowship program for young historians from the former Communist bloc to conduct archival research and study Cold War history in the United States; international scholarly meetings, conferences, and seminars; and publications. -
Vol XIV, No. 3, August 2011
Volume XIV, Edition Number 3 - August 2011 Inside This Issue … Annual FAO Banquet Report Silent Missions that Speak to FAOs The History of the Foreign Area Officer The Joint FAO Skill Sustainment Program Rotary Airpower in Irregular Warfare — Afghanistan Bridging the Coordination Gap Managing Security Cooperation Expectations Negotiating with the Chinese Arab Strategic Thought—Dr. Saleh Salem Preparing Airmen for Multi-National Operations DISCLAIMER: Association‘s International Affairs Journal (a non-profit publication for “The FAO JOURNAL” US Regional and International Affairs professionals) is printed by the Foreign Area Officer Association, Mount Vernon, VA. The views expressed within are those International Affairs of the various authors, not of the - Politico-Military Affairs - Intelligence - Security Cooperation - Department of Defense, the Armed services or any DoD agency, and are intended to The professional Journal of the FAO Association advance the profession through thought, dialog and academic discussion. The Volume XIV, Edition Number 3 — Published August 2011 contents do not reflect a DoD position and ISSN 1551-8094 are not intended to supersede official government sources. Journal content constitutes or implies affirmation or endorsement by FAOA or DoD. Inside This Issue: PURPOSE: To publish a journal for disseminating professional knowledge and furnishing information that promotes under- standing between U.S. regional and interna- Annual FAO Banquet Report tional affairs specialists around the world By: LTC Don Baker , US Army Pg 3 and improve their effectiveness in advising decision-makers. It is intended to forge a The History of the Foreign Area Officer closer bond between the active, reserve, By: Mr. Jeffery Hoffman, DoD Civilian Pg 6 and retired FAO communities. -
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The American Legion [Volume 124, No. 5 (May 1988)]
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Pueblo—A Retrospective Richard Mobley U.S
Naval War College Review Volume 54 Article 10 Number 2 Spring 2001 Pueblo—A Retrospective Richard Mobley U.S. Navy Follow this and additional works at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review Recommended Citation Mobley, Richard (2001) "Pueblo—A Retrospective," Naval War College Review: Vol. 54 : No. 2 , Article 10. Available at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol54/iss2/10 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Naval War College Review by an authorized editor of U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Mobley: Pueblo—A Retrospective PUEBLO A Retrospective Commander Richard Mobley, U.S. Navy orth Korea’s seizure of the U.S. Navy intelligence-collection—officially, N“environmental research”—ship USS Pueblo (AGER 2) on 23 January 1968 set the stage for a painful year of negotiations. Diplomacy ultimately freed the crew; Pyongyang finally released the men in December 1968. However, in the first days of the crisis—the focus of this article—it was the military that was called upon to respond. Naval power would have played an important role in any immediate attempts to force the People’s Democratic Republic of Korea to re- lease the crew and ship. Failing that, the Seventh Fleet would have been on the forefront of any retaliation. Many works published over the last thirty-three years support this view.1 However, hundreds of formerly classified documents released to the public in the late 1990s offer new insight into many aspects of the crisis. -
Air University Review: March-April 1977, Volume XXVIII, No. 3
The Professional Journal of the United States A ir Force the editors aerie Dr. Robert L. Pfaltzgraff, Jr., in our lead article, "Emerging Major Power Relationships," reflects on the shifting great power triangle of the United States, the Soviet Union, and the Peop!e's Republic of China. The cover, by Art Editor/lllustrator Bill DePaola, depicts an American eagle warily observing this triangle in a graphic elaboration of an abstract theme. For the first time in the experience of this editor, the Awards Committee members were unanimous in their first place votes for Major Don Alberts's "A Call from the Wilderness'' in the November-December 1976 issue. Aspiring authors who want to gain insight into subject matter that receives a very receptive reading by our editorial panei may want to re-examine that article. To the 50 percent of Air Force officers who necessarily receive an efficiency rating of three or below, it may be of more than passing interest to learn that the pseudonymous author of "I Am a Three" was recently promoted. You won't find Major Mark Wynn's name on the lieutenant colonel's promotion list, but we have it on good authority that the author who appeared under that nom de plume in the September-October 1976 issue is a living example that "threes" are promotable. Congratulations would seem to be appropriate, but how does one congratulate the anonymous? In this issue we find ourselves in the slightly embarrassed position of publishing an article by a member of the Air University Review Awards Committee. -
Examining Threat Credibility in the US-North Korea Rivalry AD
THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA Reputations between Enemies: Examining Threat Credibility in the U.S.-North Korea Rivalry A DISSERTATION Submitted to the Faculty of the Department of Politics School of Arts & Sciences Of The Catholic University of America In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree Doctor of Philosophy By Van Allen Jackson Washington, D.C. 2014 Reputations between Enemies: Examining Threat Credibility in the U.S.-North Korea Rivalry Van Allen Jackson, PhD Director: Wallace J. Thies, PhD How do the past actions of rival states have consequences in present crises, if in fact they do? Central to this question is the concept of reputation; the idea that states take into account the past words and deeds of other states when assessing the credibility of those states’ future words and deeds. That scholars disagree about how to answer the above question, on theoretical and empirical grounds, is a problem because the answer may hold the key to explaining two puzzles in international rivalries: (1) Why do some rivalries manage not to go to war despite experiencing repeated crises, and (2) why would a weaker state in an asymmetric rivalry repeatedly challenge its stronger rival? This dissertation seeks to offer an explanation for these puzzles at the same time that it advances the academic debate about reputations in international politics. Two hypotheses reflecting the logic of reputation are tested against four episodes in U.S.- North Korea relations, an ideal-type asymmetric rivalry. The first hypothesis posits that backing down from a confrontation initiated by a rival challenger: (1) strengthens the future threat credibility of the state that backed down; (2) increases the likelihood of future rival challenges; and (3) de-escalates the crisis in which backing down occurred. -
Foreign Area Officer (FAO) Management System
The concept of equipping military officers with regional expertise, language skills, and knowledge of U.S. and foreign political-military relationships dates back to 1889 when the U.S. sent permanent military Attaches to London, Paris, Vienna, and Saint Petersburg. 1 To provide a greater worldwide historical perspective, one year prior to the deployment of our military “soldier statesmen,” the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party had just been formed whose later roots evolved into the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The following year, the “rising star” in Britain, Sir Winston Churchill was only fourteen years old, attending private school, struggling to pass the entrance examination for the British military academy at Sandhurst. This same year, the London Dock Strike had occurred, which formed the foundation of what is known today as the British Labour Party. Additionally, in 1889, a counselor network of British-Indian officers began their assignments in Iran, the Eiffel Tower in Paris, France was inaugurated, and the Berliner Fußball-Club Marbert was formed, which became one of the founding members of the German Football Association, more commonly affiliated with the FIFA World Cup. That same year, the Treaty of Berlin had been signed between Britain, the U.S. and Germany over the Samoan islands and the Nazi dictator Adolf Hitler was born in Braunau am Inn, Austria. To the east, U.S. Secretary of State, John Hay, negotiated the first “Open Door Policy” between the U.S. Admission ticket and China to establish new trade agreements and the transition of power was passed from for Eiffel Tower Inauguration and Alexander the III to his son, Nicholas the II, which reigned in the Industrial Revolution. -
Issues for the US Navy in the Black Sea Region
CRM D0000572.A2/Final June 2000 Issues for the U.S. Navy in the Black Sea Region: Country Profiles and Recommendations Russia, Turkey, Ukraine, Romania, Bulgaria, Georgia Vladimir Lehovich • Ahmed Hashim CLEARED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE Center for Naval Analyses 4401 Ford Avenue • Alexandria, Virginia 22302-1498 Tom Hirschfeld, CNA Senior Analyst, reviewed the reports of this project. Special thanks also to Maurine Dahl- berg and Celinda Ledford for their assistance in preparing this report. Copyright CNA Corporation/Scanned October 2002 Approved for distribution: Peter M. Swartz, Director Regional Issues Team Policy Analysis Division This document represents the best opinion of CNA at the time of issue. It does not necessarily represent the opinion of the Department of the Navy. CLEARED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE For copies of this document call: CNA Document Control and Distribution Section at 703-824-2943. Introduction......................................................................................................... 1 Background.................................................................................................. 1 Approach..................................................................................................... 1 Russia................................................................................................................... 3 Summary...................................................................................................... 3 U.S. policy goals.......................................................................................... -
Full Spring 2001 Issue the .SU
Naval War College Review Volume 54 Article 1 Number 2 Spring 2001 Full Spring 2001 Issue The .SU . Naval War College Follow this and additional works at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review Recommended Citation Naval War College, The .SU . (2001) "Full Spring 2001 Issue," Naval War College Review: Vol. 54 : No. 2 , Article 1. Available at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol54/iss2/1 This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Naval War College Review by an authorized editor of U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Naval War College: Full Spring 2001 Issue NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIE COLLEGE WAR NAVAL NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW W Spring 2001 Volume LIV, Number 2 Spring 2001 Spring S E T A T S D E T I N U E H T N A V A L W A R C O L L E RI B RI A G V I U O E S T M AR I V I C Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2001 1 Color profile: Disabled Composite Default screen Naval War College Review, Vol. 54 [2001], No. 2, Art. 1 Cover The first large-scale thermonuclear deto- nation—the 10.4-megaton IVY MIKE test of 1 November 1952, at the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission Pacific Proving Grounds on Eniwetok Atoll in the Mar- shall Islands. -
Naval Accidents 1945-1988, Neptune Papers No. 3
-- Neptune Papers -- Neptune Paper No. 3: Naval Accidents 1945 - 1988 by William M. Arkin and Joshua Handler Greenpeace/Institute for Policy Studies Washington, D.C. June 1989 Neptune Paper No. 3: Naval Accidents 1945-1988 Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 1 Overview ........................................................................................................................................ 2 Nuclear Weapons Accidents......................................................................................................... 3 Nuclear Reactor Accidents ........................................................................................................... 7 Submarine Accidents .................................................................................................................... 9 Dangers of Routine Naval Operations....................................................................................... 12 Chronology of Naval Accidents: 1945 - 1988........................................................................... 16 Appendix A: Sources and Acknowledgements........................................................................ 73 Appendix B: U.S. Ship Type Abbreviations ............................................................................ 76 Table 1: Number of Ships by Type Involved in Accidents, 1945 - 1988................................ 78 Table 2: Naval Accidents by Type