K Walton His Friends

I Z A A K W A LT ON

A N D HIS FR IEN D S

S TA L E TON MA R TIN M . A P , .

’ ! ' o r c umsr s COL LEGE , CA MB R IDGE

BA RR ISTE R -AT LAW

S E CON D E D I TI ON , COR R E CTE D A N D R E VI S E D

n eneration shall raise th works to another —PS A M O e g p y . L c xxv. 1 2 , w.

w — t r l vit and b deli ht e u R W M E R N . B ne essi b oc i te. . . E SO y c y, y p y, y g , q o

The wisdo m of the wise and the ex erience of a es ma be reserved b — , p g y p y quo tation. CUR I OS IT1E S o r LITE RAT UR E .

LOND ON

CHA PMA N HA LL L I I , M TE D

1 904

PR E FA CE

WE have recently been informed that in a biography “ the person delineated should have the power of permanently interesting his fellow men ; and next , that the delineator should be

to able recall him to life .

on Izaak Walton , as years go , is loved as a

man and writer more and more ; but whether I have succeeded in re-animating him must be left to the reader to determine .

This book is written chieﬂy with a View to

’ bring out the spiritual side of Walton s character. I cannot ﬁnd that anyone before me has attempted

to do this . Walton was (to borrow a splendid

“ ” r - ph ase) a God intoxicated man , and to ignore

this fact seems fatal to any right estimate of

his character and life . I venture to think that some little fresh in

formation may be found ih this book which may

1 See an arti le in the N a tiona l R eview D e e er 1901 c of c mb ,

Mr A s it by qu h . viii PR E FA CE

a . be cceptable to Waltonians It is , however , written in the ﬁrst instance for those who only

“ know of Walton as a Fisherman and as the author of The Comp lete Angler ; and in hope that this humble contribution to Waltonian lore may

t not only ins ruct, but so enamour the reader that he may for himself “ rummage Walton ’s I writings , the only way, apprehend , to get to f the heart o the writer.

TA PLET N A S O M RTIN .

THE FI S R , N ORTON, W ORCESTER . C O N T E N T S

CR A P. PA GE PREFACE I A S M I OF I ZA AK WA . HORT EMO R LTON

I WA A R O A S 1 AS . I . ( ) LTON Y LI T (2) WALTON AS THE R ELIGIOU S

WA AS AN A G III . LTON N LER

“ TH E C AN G Iv . OMPLETE LER

C AR S C N v. H LE OTTO

v1 C R V A S . OLONEL OBERT EN BLE

VI THE F S G- S I . I HIN HOU E

I THE L S VII . IVE (a ) JOHN D ONNE (b) HEN RY WOTTON (c) GEORG E HERBERT (d) R ICHA RD HOOKER (6) R OBERT SA ND ERSON

“ I II a L AN D TR U . ( ) OVE TH

“ ‘ (b) THEA LMA AN D CLEARCHUS

’ WA S D A x . LTON E TH

“ x1 FA AG L . RR O IBELLI

S SK S OF' S FA US E S IAS S X I I . HORT ETCHE OME MO CCLE TIC ’ WHO WERE WA LTON S FRIENDS THOMAS B A R Low WILLI AM CHILLIN C WOR TH JA MES D UPORI' ‘ B RI AN D U PPA ' C HA l . PA GE D ANIEL PRA TLEY JOHN FELL THOMAS FULLER JOHN HALES JOSEPH HA LL HENRY HAMMOND CHRIS TOPHER HA RVEY HUMPHREY HENCHMA N R ICH AR D HOLD S WORTH THOMAS KE N HENRY KING A BRA HAM M ARKL A N D GEORGE MORLEY THOMA S MORTON JOHN PEARS ON THOM AS PIERCE GILBERT SHELD O N JA MES SHIRLEY R ICHA R D S I B B ES JA MES U SS HER S ETH WA R D SA MUEL WOO D FORD

’ X C OF WA S WI III . OPY LTON LL

’ X A S N WA S FA I IV . HORT OTE ON LTON M LY SELECTIONS FROM THE POETICAL WORKS (a ) I ZAAK WA LTON (6) CHARLES COTTON (c) JOHN D ONNE (d) GEORGE HERBERT (e) HENRY WOTTON (f ) JA MES D UPORT (g) HENRY B AYLEY I N D EX LIST OF ILLU STR ATION S

I ZAAK WA LTON

THE FONT IN WHICH WALTON WAS BA PTI Z ED To fa ce p age 2

CHA RLES COTTON 5 4

B ERES FORD HALL 56

THE B ERESFORD MO NUMENT 70

’ COTTON S FISHING-HOUS E 72 JOHN D ONNE 78

’ ’ D S S A I ST PA S CA D A L D N 84 ONNE T TUE N UL THE R L, ON O HENRY WOTTON 9 2

GEORGE HERBERT 9 6 R ICHARD HOOKER 104 R OBERT SAND ERS ON 108

’ WA LTON S TOMB 124

’ M A WI D ST D U NSTAN S C L D 126 EMORI L N OW IN HURCH , ON ON WINCHESTER CATHED RA L 144

’ WALTON S STATUE IN WINCHESTER CATHED RA L 161

’ A NNE WALTON S TOMBS TONE IN WORCES TER CATHED RAL 188

’ THE WA B S ST MAR S C S AFF D 208 LTON U T IN Y HURCH , T OR

I Z A A K W A LTO N

(1593— 1683)

C H A P T E R I

A SHORT MEMOIR OF IZAAK WALTON

We seldom ﬁ nd ’ ” Th man sin ss it the artist in d e of bu e w h j o .

Curiosities of Litera ti/me.

IZAAK WALTON was born on the 9 th of August 159 3 , in the parish of St Mary , in the town of ff Sta ord . Research as to his parentage has

proved unsatisfactory , and nothing certain is ’ known on the subject beyond that his father s Th name was Jervis Walton . e late Mr Thomas 1888 Westwood, who died in , and was a great on 1873 Notes and authority Walton , wrote in (see “ h . . ueries 4t . Q , S XI p It may be we shall never know which is the roof that sheltered ’ ff u Walton s youthful head in Sta ord , even if s ch l relic be stil in existence . It has been conjectured by Dean Stanley (Memorials of Westminster A bbey) that he was named Izaak after the learned Isaa c ’ who of Casaubon , was a friend Walton s father, A I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

1614 l and who died in , and this seems high y 1 probable .

l . to Wa ton married twice His ﬁrst wife , ’ was whom he married at St Mildred s Church , on 27th of 1626 Canterbury , the December , she e being then ag d nineteen , was Rachel , daughter of ll s of Wi iam and Su anna Floud , Chevening,

she Kent , and was maternally descended from A of A rchdeacon Cranmer, brother the rch ’ on 2 n bishop . Rachel Walton died the 2 d of ’ A 1640 D unstan s ugust , and was buried at St in L T the West, Fleet Street , ondon . here was issue of all of this marriage seven children , whom died

young . l 1646 Wa ton married as his second wife , in , A of T nne , daughter homas Ken, an attorney, and

- to of half sister Dr Ken , Bishop Bath and Wells , the most remarkable man among the non-juring An 1 of A prelates . ne Walton died on the 7th pril 1662 was r l , and as she buried in the Cathed a of

Worcester, it is generally supposed that her death occurred while on a Visit with her husband to of George Morley, who was then Bishop Worcester ,

1 asa n was als a rien Sir Henr W tt n We ﬁ nd C ubo o f d of y o o . W tt n ritin in 1593 to L r sa in I am la e to m o o , w g o d Zouch, y g p c d y er reat ntent ent in th e se Mr saa Casa n a ers n v y g co m , hou of I c ubo , p o ” of sober condit ion among the French. AS regards th e corruption of the Welsh name Llwyd (meaning

re or Ll int the En lis r s Fl Fl etc . and as to g y) , oyd o g h fo m oud, oyd, , ’ Cranmers e i ree see The Perverse Widow or Memorials o the p d g , ; , f

Famil Lon mans Co. Boevey y ( g , THE O I I A O WA S B P I I ’ U O F NT N WH CH W LT N A T S E D N ST MA RY S CH RCH T FF R , S A D

4 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

T twenty years old. his alone shows that his devotion to literature must have begun early to in his career ; indeed , he appears have been possessed of an almost immoderate thirst for knowledge . Most of his biographers state Walton L had but an imperfect education , and knew atin ” very imperfectly small Latin and less Greek .

The . ul reasons given are poor Walton co d never, L l “ says owel , have been taught even the rudiments ” of L atin , and he gives some instances which he considers carry his point. It is enough for us , he says , that he contrived to pick up somewhere and somehow a competent mastery of his mother tongue (far harder because seeming easier than L of atin) and a diction persuasive simplicity , capable of dignity where that was natural and becoming , such as not even the Universities can ” bestow . ’ Bethune writes that Walton s “ knowledge of L of on atin , a few scraps which appear his pages , was evidently very slight. I suggest he L n t was at least a fair atin scholar. I do o forget that many of his own quotations from ancient authors might have been supplied to him in translations in English books , which are known ll to . And have been in existence in his day I admit, “ of he says himself, when I look back upon

1 Walton quotes Thucydides in his life of Sa nderson; b ut a ’ translation of that writers History of the Grecia n Wa r was printed in 1628 . I ZAAK ‘ WAL TON AN D HI S F R I E ND S 5

not W my education and mean abilities , it is ith out some little wonder at myself that I am to ul come be publicly in print, and he wo d not “ ” of or boast acquired learning study. However,

he must have conversed much with learned men , and walking with wise men , without doubt, made him wisei Canon Beeching points out in his R eli io Laici 1902 g (Smith , Elder Co ) that it is important to insist that Walton was a man of

dr to education , and aws attention his handwriting, “ a which is beautiful and scholarlike . E rly in life he seems to have made friends with the best of known literary men the day , and with those h w o excelled in virtue . He appears to have followed the counsel given to cleave unto him that

to is wise , and be willing hear every godly dis of n course , and when he saw a man u derstanding

- him to to get betimes unto , and let his foot

wear the steps of his door (Ecclesiasticus Vi. 3 4 , L 1613 Walton came to ondon before the year , and was engaged in business in or near Chancery

Lane for many years . Perhaps the real nature of i n It ' his bus iness w ll never ow be discovered . is n usually supposed that he was a li endraper, i or t . semps er, haberdasher, m lliner merchant T has hat he was an ironmonger, as been lately so It a conﬁdently asserted , is improbable . is true th t, on 12 of N 1618 the th ovember , he was admitted 6 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

’ of C and a free brother the Ironmongers ompany , that in the license for his marriage with Rachel Floud he was described as of the Cittie of L ” ondon , Ironmonger, but, as the master for the ’ time being of the Ironmongers Company remarked on the occasion of the unveiling of the Walton ’ Memorial Window at St D unstan s Church in “ 1895 one of of L , who is free the City ondon when t i of s yling h mself as a citizen , appends the name

or ft some trade cra ; that , however, does not necessarily indicate the trade or craft he actually follows ; it simply means that he is a Freeman of the Livery Company of the City Of London which ” 1 bears such name . It appears , therefore, that we have no good reason for supposing Walton to have

The been an ironmonger by trade . same reasoning that would make him out to have been an iron monger might just as well make him out to have been an attorney, since he is described in several “ ” documents and writings as Gentleman , which , e r until quite a r cent date, has been the p oper and 2 legal description of an attorney . In a petition to the Court of Judicature for

1 The Fishin Gazette A ril 13 1895. g , p , 2 William Combe in his Dance of Death wrote And thus the most Opprobrious fame ’ A tten s n the att rne s na e d upo o y m . N a t ese r ess rs see as ame y, h p of o m h d To have their legal title named nless ser ati n errs U my ob v o , ’ ” T e l li i h y re al become So c tors. I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 7 determination of differences touching houses burnt L r 1670 is in ondon , p esented in , Walton de “ scribed as Isaac Walton , Gentleman . “ Bethune says of Walton : Gentleman he was i by orthography and sp rit , but gentleman in any ” n t other sense he cared o to be . “ Of himself Walton writes : I would rather prove myself a gentleman by being learned and l f V com humble , va iant and ino fensive , irtuous and municable e of , than by any fond ost ntation riches, or V f h , wanting those irtues mysel , boast that t ey were my C H A P T E R I I

( 1) WALTON AS A R OYALIST

And t e s all s ff a t the in s and the rinces s all h y h co k g , p h ” —HAB 10 a rn nt t e . . . be sco u o h m i.

The le ea is si and the le eart aint . who h d ck , who h f

I S A A i. 5 I H .

IT is necessary that the reader should regard

the state the country was in when Walton lived ,

if he would estimate rightly the man . T S . Coleridge wrote I know no portion of history which a man might write with so much pleasure as that of f o I . the great struggle in the time Charles , because he may feel the profoundest respect for Th both parties . e side taken by any particular person was determined by the point of View which such person happened to command at

of the commencement the inevitable collision, one line seeming straight to this man , another 0 f line to another. N man o that age saw the not truth , the whole truth ; there was light enough

. The of for that consequence, course, was a 8 I ZAAK WA L TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 9

violent exaggeration of each party for the time . The l King became a martyr , and the Par ia m ” entarians traitors and vice nersa. It has been well said that it is the privilege of posterity to adjust the characters of illustrious to persons , and set matters right between those antagonists who by their rivalry for greatness di vided a whole age into factions . We wonder if Walton ever hesitated as to

l . which party he wou d side with He says , “ in his Life of B ishop S a nderson : I praise God that He prevented me from being of the

party which helped to bring in this Covenant , and those sad confusions that have followed ” it .

However, his hesitation , if the sentence really on means he ever thought twice the subject, was not for long, as he became a strong partisan and o the trusted friend f the Royalists . A t of f er the Battle Worcester, the Royalists The who took part in it dispersed. follow

' B oscobel or The ing extracts taken from , , ’ Comp lea t History of His Sa cred Maj estie s Most Mira culous Preserva tion after the B a ttle of

Worcester 3rd S e tember 165 1 T , p , by Sir homas ’ n ll he of di Blou t , fo ow t account the King s hi ng “ in the neighbourhood of Worcester : His Majesty off of having put his garter, blue riband , George ’ buﬁ diamonds , coat, and other princely ornaments , I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

committed his watch to the custody of the Lord to Wilmot, and his George Colonel Blague, and distributed the gold he had in his pocket among

his servants , etc . , did advertise the company to

. And make haste away , quaintly adds the “ writer : Thus David and his men departed out ” of W w Keilah , and ent hithersoever they could go

1 . ( Sam xxiii . “ Colonel Blague remaining at Mr Barlow’s Bloor i e house at p p , about eight miles from ff ’ Sta ord, his ﬁrst action was , with Mrs Barlow s ’ privity and advice , to hide his Majesty s George under a heap of chips and dust ; yet the Colonel l so w cou d not conceal himself ell, but that he was to here, soon after, taken and carried prisoner ff to T Sta ord , and from thence conveyed the ower of L ondon . Meantime the George was trans mitted of f to Mr Robert Milward, Staf ord , for l better security, who afterwards faithfu ly conveyed it to Colonel Blague in the Tower ” by the trusty hands of Mr Isaac Walton . Most biographers of Walton give an account of the George incident with the reference ’ to A shmole s History of the Order of the

Garter.

of t Charles II . , after an exile welve years , on 25th 1660 landed in England the May , and ﬁve days later Walton wrote a joyous eclogue to Mr ’ Alexander Brome (one of Ben Jonson s sons) on

I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S self sometimes like a ﬁsh out of water in company

- with the high born and cultured Cotton , and in of S that cholars and Church dignitaries . He had , “ L for says owell , a genius friendships and an amiability of nature ample for the comfortable housing of many at a time ; he had even a special for genius bishops , and seems to have known ” nearly the whole episcopal bench of his day . Lowell gives us his own explanation of what he “ means by genius . We may imagine that Walton was as good a listener as he was a great converser and a “ maker of good talk across the walnuts and re the wine , never making harsh remarks ; a

eater remInlscences of p of , though no mere man

l f onh mi u o b o e. anecdote, a man f l If these con

' j ectures are right such a man would have been

a welcome guest anywhere , but especially among

the clergy. “ Dr Johnson said ' It was wonderful that

Walton , who was in a very low situation in life , should have been familiarly received by so many of great men , and that at a time when the ranks society were kept more separate than they are

now . Yet Johnson might have wondered how it

i i was that he was S m larly treated byhis superiors . It is never recorded that Walton was on terms of intimacy with any of the leading nonconformists

of . his day He might have known John Milton, I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S I 3

since Wotton called him friend , and he might n have know Richard Baxter, but we never read that he even came into contact with either ’ The om lete An ler The Pil rim s of them . C p g and g Progress are two of the most popular books ever published in the English language , yet Bunyan , though an angler himself, would have been quite an impossible companion for Walton , since his Views on the Book Of Common Prayer would alone have hindered, we may feel sure , their friendship . ’ V ul Bunyan s iew of prayer was that it sho d be , to ’ “ ” of use a phrase Bishop Sanderson s , Open prayer ; in other words , that prayer should be extemporary, not preconceived . Judge Keeling cautioned “ Bunyan thus : Take heed of speaking irrever of ently of the Book Common Prayer, for if ou y do, you will bring great damage upon your It self. is to be hoped few nonconformists will be found in this age to say with Dr Horton , that “ the Book of Common Prayer is a book of un ” 1 answered prayers . ’ Walton s Views of the book may be gathered

ﬁ iend from the following verses , written by his ,

The om Christopher Harvie , which he quotes in C

lete An ler to p g , but I observe it is not be found in the ﬁrst edition

1 h F H n See t e Dissolution o Dissent b R ert . rt D . D f , y ob o o , .

L n n : Art r H. St ell ( o do hu ockw , I 4 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

What Prayer by the B ook ! and Common! why not ! The spiri t of grace And supplication I S not left free alone For time and la e p c , B ut anner too : to rea or s ea r te m d , p k by o I s all alike to him that prays ’ I n s eart a t it his month he sa s h , wh w h y .

T e t at in ri ate t e sel es al ne h y h p v , by h m v o , D O ra ma ta e p y, y k W at li ert t e lease h b y h y p , I n choosing of the ways Wherein to make ’ Their soul s most intimate affections known To Him t at sees in se ret en h c , wh ’ ’ ar t conceal d fr t er men Th e mos om o h .

B ut he that unto others lea ds the way I n public prayer Should do it so A s all that hear may know They need not fea r To t n e t eir earts nt his t n e and sa u h h u o o gu , y Am en ! not doubt they w ere be trayed To las e e en t e eant to a e ra e b ph m , wh h y m h v p y d .

D evotion will add life unto the letter And why should not That which a uthority Prescribes esteemed be A dvantage got ! ’ I f th ra er be the m ner the etter p y good , co mo b , ’ Prayer in the Church s words as w ell

As sense all ra ers ears the ell. , of p y b b

L Excepting the prayers in the iturgy , many ’ regard Dr Jeremy Taylor s to be superior to all I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S I 5

’ The others . reader may be referred to the published prayers of George Dawson of B irming

b . ham , as eing seemingly almost inspired Dawson thought he might perhaps go down to posterity in his prayers . Some persons dread any new forms of service with prayers not found in the Prayer i book . Christopher Wordsworth , the late B shop L ul of incoln , said It wo d indeed be a misfortune to deeply be regretted, if Convocation in these days were to present itself before the public in the ” character of a manufactory of prayers (see his

Li e . 172 R ivin tons . f , p , g ) A 1644 L bout the year Walton left ondon , ” for ﬁnding it dangerous honest men to be there .

He appears to have made money by his business , and we expect he was an exception to the state ment that “ a merchant shall hardly keep himself from doing wrong (Ecclesiasticus , xxvi . for we cannot conceive him effecting a “ deal to the “ or to detriment of anyone , being a party the f wrongful dealings o men . We expect those who did business with him soon found

His N a was N a it t re all y y, w hou c His Yea was Yea and er l all , pow fu He a e his ea it care l ee g v y w h fu h d, His t ts and r s ere ell a ree hough wo d w w g d , ” His r his n and wo d bo d seal.

Whilst engaged in his business and “ midst the ” of i crowd , the hum , the shock men, we th nk he I 6 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S ” FR I E ND S

must have been one of those referred to in these beautiful lines

There are in this loud stunning tide Of an care and ri e hum c m , With whom the melodies abide ’ Of th everlasting chime Who carry music in their heart T r s lane and ran lin art h ough du ky w g g m , Pl in t eir ail tas it sier eet y g h d y k w h bu f , l t r ea t B eca use their sec ret souls a ho y s rain ep . K JOHN EBLE .

This saint of the mart and busy street seems by Opportunity of leisure to have given his mind

- to literature , and his free time to the study and practice of angling . It is indeed difﬁcult to know exactly where to place him . He was saturated wt with religion and i h theology from his youth up , and the man who only knows of him as a ﬁ sher man will receive a mighty revelation when he o discovers he was a m st religious man , as well as “ and one nu a theologian a literary , though also doubtedly the best angler with a minnow in ’ England , if we are to believe Cotton s statement on the point . We may be permitted to wonder where Walton would have found himself in the “ ecclesiastical world if now alive . N o peacock ul ritualism , as Emerson expresses it , wo d, we may The be sure, have attracted him . sight of the churches staggering backward to the mummeries of the dark ages would probably have made him I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S I 7

“ ul tremble for the ark . He wo d have grieved a of over those who , taking the p y and status the

English Church , openly deny the principles of the Reformation , and , hating the very name of “ Protestant, seek altogether to alter the geo h graphical boundaries of that C urch .

The of late Bishop Harvey Goodwin , Carlisle , “ n m well said , that any E glish Church an should doubt whether upon the whole the Church was for or better or worse being reformed, should regard the Reformation not as a necessity, but as a crime— this is to my mind absolutely wonderful “ ( The Message of the Spirit to the Church of ” England , a sermon preached before the University of Cambridge , A C u ri In no period has the nglican h rch , w tes

l 1650-1700 Ha lam , referring to the period , stood up so powerfully in defence of the Protestant cause . From the era of the Restoration to the close of the century , the war was unremitting And ul and vigorous . it is partic arly to be re t n marked , he says , hat the pri cipal champions “ of the Church of England threw off that ambiguous syncretism which had displayed itself under the ﬁrst Stuarts , and , comparatively at a le st with their immediate predecessors , avoided every admission which might facilitate a deceitful ” ’ compromise . Many of Walton s greatest friends out out t were and Protestan s . B I 8 I ZAAK WAL TON A N D HI S FR IE N D S

“ Macaulay has said that the school of divinity of which Hooker was the chief occupies a middle place between the school of Cranmer and the of L school aud . Walton , in my Opinion , must be ’ l placed in Hooker s school , and must certain y be “ ” T re classed as a High Churchman . hat he ’ ceived his knowledge of Christ from Donne s teaching we can have no doubt at all . ’ “ He thus describes Donne s preaching : Preach own ing the Word so , as shewed his heart was possessed with those very thoughts and joys that he laboured to distil into others ; a preacher in di earnest ; weeping sometimes for his au tory , sometimes with them ; always preaching to him 1 f an a e sel , like ngel from a cloud but in non ; ul carrying some , as St Pa was, to heaven in holy

a raptures , and enticing others by a s cred art and co urtship to amend their lives ; here picturing a Vice so as to make it ugly to those that practised it and a virtue so as to make it beloved , even by those that loved it not ; and all this with a most particular grace and an unexpressible addition of 2 comeliness .

’ l a hrase in a oem D nne s This is p p of o . 3 ’ “ D ean Milman said Donne s sermons held the congregation en ” “ ” t ralle n earie nsatiat e . I t is m ll n i ti n h d, u w d, u d y fu co v c o (says C leri e t at in an al -d en ser ns D nne or Ta l r t er o dg ), h y h f oz mo of o y o h e are re t ts re a ts and ima es re ex ite ent to in mo hough , mo f c g , mo c m quiry and intelle tual e f rt t an are resented t o the n re ati ns of the c f o , h p co g g o present day in as many churches or meetings during twice as many nt s mo h . ao I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

W ere rst I a t the ra s di ine h ﬁ c ugh y v , W And drank the Eternal ord .

CARD INAL N EWMAN .

This semi - delirious sectary was probably one of of of those whom Sydney Smith , the witty Canon ’ : St Paul s Cathedral, sarcastically said He could gesticulate away the congregation of the most profound and learned divine of the Established

two r to Church , and in Sundays preach him ba e ’ to the very sexton . In the introduction Walton s

Lives ri l , w tten by Henry Mor ey (George Routledge

Sons , he states that Walton went to ” ’ church at St Paul s , where Donne had been made “ dean and that he had from the pulpit of St Paul s ﬁrst stirred in him the depths of spiritual ” ’ D unstan s life . He never refers to St Church and appears ignorant of the fact that it was the church Walton attended . Sir Leslie Stephen can imagine Walton gaz ing reverently from his seat at the dean in the ul p pit , dazzled by a vast learning and a majestic ﬂow of elaborate rhetoric which seemed to the worthy tradesman t o come as from an ‘ angel in ’ ff the clouds , and o ering a posthumous homage as sincere and touching as that which , no doubt , engaged the condescending kindness of the great ” man in life . How radically false this View is

out Canon Beeching well points . ’ Some of Walton s Views of the nonconformists I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S of his own time will be found recorded in the “ ” remarkable digression, as he himself calls it, which he makes on the subject in his Life of

Hooker o l . We must supp se Wa ton Observed ’ Saints days and fasting , for he sings

’ Ea ch Saint s day Stan s as a lan ar in an errin a o d dm k g g , To guide frail mortals in their pilgrimage To the celestial Canaan ; and each fast ’ ” I s t the s l s ire ti n and re ast . bo h ou d c o , p

He would also appear from his remarks in the Life of Hooker to have approved of the “ of clergy being celibate , for he speaks those corroding cares that attend a married Priest, and a country Parsonage . If the reader believes that Walton was the

of Love and Truth author the treatise , as to which

see . Chapter IX , he will be fully acquainted with his attitude to the nonconformists of his time and as to his Views of religion and habits ill Of worship , and he w be forced to rank L ’ ’ him nearer to and s school than to Hooker s . ’ Walton s Views of h eaven show that he had not gone very deeply into the distinction between it and Paradise, and he seems to have believed, with certain Roman Catholic theologians , that “ ul perfectly cleansed so s pass at once to h eaven . His ideas also on the subject of our occupation in heaven are rather antiquated ; he seemingly I ZAAK WA L TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S thought that its occupants would be engaged “ l in perpetual singing , and in sweeping id e harps ” to before a throne . It is quite impossible dis sociate Walton from his religion , as I have before a intimated . His character is best shown by pply “ to ing two words him, distinctive and trans parent . None but himself can be his parallel L he was indeed quite a unique personage . owell has written that Walton ’s “ real business in this world was to write the Lives and The Comp lete An ler l of u g , and to leave the examp e a usef l and ” unspotted life behind him . C H A P T E R I I I

WALTON AS AN AN GLER

0 e and ri in intelle t al ealt com , ch c u w h, Blen t t it ex er ise it n le e ealt d hough w h c , w h k ow dg , h h L n in t is s eltere s ene lettere tal o g, h h d c of d k , With sober step repeat the pensive w alk ; N or s rn en ra er triﬂin s ail to lease co , wh g v g f p , Th e ea a se ents a in at ease ch p mu m of m d , Here e er care in s eet li i n ast v y w ob v o c , And an an i le r— n t i l m y d hou o d y passed . SA G to i n MUEL R O ERS (An Ep istle a Fr e d) .

t at n ll rei n - G s el Ac rdin to the He h wo ders Sha g . o p co g

Hebrews te Cle Alex Str ii. 9 45 , quo d by m . , om, , .

HEN L W residing in ondon , Walton must often “ ” have left City noise for the purpose of ﬁs hing — in the rivers round it the River Lea in particular . ’ A s all of a lthough mo t, but not , W lton s biographers think it very improbable that he ever himself al T used a reel, and though the hames and other

of -ﬁ sh southern rivers drew good store sea , they nearly all think that most of his information on 1 - salmon ﬁshing was derived from hearsay only .

1 rt . Walt n See Salmon and Sea Trout b Sir H. Ma ell Ba , y xw , o informs us that though some of our northern countries have as fat and as lar e sal n as the T a es et n ne are so e cellent a g mo h m , y o of x 24 I ZAAK WA L TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

Sir Henry Wotton in his old age built himself

ﬁ h n - a s i g hous e near Eton . Walton styles him ” u - of that nder valuer money , and narrates that “ he was a frequent practiser of the art of angling Wotton is supposed to allude to Walton in the line

T ere st o rien h o d my f d, in his verses entitled

On the an a s I sa a-ﬁs hin b k te g. eli uice Wotton iomce R q .

The friendship between Walton and Wotton is

F avourite remarked upon by Edward Jesse, in

Ha unts and R ural S tudies . (J Murray , thus

O l n now-a - to dd enough we shou d thi k it days ,

of of see a provost Eton , a dignitary the Church

for and a linendraper in the same punt , bobbing eels or b ooking gudgeons We must suppose Walton now and again S ff visited ta ord for ﬁshing purposes, and when he tells us he used to

L iter l n a s near S a f r Br o o g d y h w o d ook,

we are to infer that it is the water of that name f about ﬁve miles from Staf ord that is meant, and

not the Shawford Brook near Winchester, although T he appears to have ﬁshed in Hampshire . his latter brook is dear to anglers of this generation as

a trout stream . I ZA AK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S z 5

Walton also fished in Kent, for he says he knew himself of a certain brook there that bred trouts “ remarkable alike to their number and ” b e smallness , and he says he had seen in the “ of of not ginning July , some parts a river far from Canterbury covered over with young eels about the thickness of a straw He writes of of his art himself as a man who is a master , “ his l : thus cock sure of know edge , he says I am sure I both can and will tell you more than any common angler yet knows . Cotton tells us Walton understood “ as much ” of fish s and fi hing as any man living , and that he “ really did believe he understood as much of it ” (angling) at least as any man in England , and that it was only because he had from his childhood pursued the recreation of angling in very clear rivers that he presumed to supplement

n The the i structions given by Walton in Part I . of

m lete n ler Co A . T p g here is no life, Walton says , so “ happy and pleasant as the life of a well -governed angler ; it invitesto contemplation and quietness its lawfulness he justiﬁes by appeal to the the of Scriptures and to practice it by apostles , the O hr . saints and primitive C istians ur Saviour, he says , never reproved the apostles for their

or l hr employment cal ing , and he suggests that C ist found the hearts of such men by nature ﬁtted for contemplation and quietness . He quotes some 26 I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

The verses expressing this idea. last stanza runs 2

The first men that our Saviour dear Did se to ait n Him ere choo w upo h , ’ Bless d s ers ere and fis h the last fi h w , Food was that He on earth did taste I therefore strive to follow those ll Him a t Whom He to fo ow h h chose .

Walton informs us very minutely how to ﬁsh “ w for ith frogs pike , yet to use the reptile as ” I on ou . t though y loved him . was , I presume , account of these directions he incurred the censure of Byron , who wrote

And an lin too t at s litar ice g g , h o y v , Whatever I z aak Walton sings or says Th e aint old r el in his llet qu , , c u coxcomb, gu

S l a e a and a s all tro t to ll it . hou d h v hook, m u pu

l He also called Walton a sentimenta savage , “ of l and said ang ing that it was the cursedest , ”

of . coldest, and the stupidest sports “ A s if to resent the term carnifex being

of l : applied to him , Walton says himse f I am not

ﬁsh of a cruel nature , I love to kill nothing but . — Richard Franck (1624 of whom the reader will read more later on - quieted his own qualms about taking life in sport, by quoting the “ ” : A i ! command r se , Peter, kill and eat I here remark that no good sportsman glories in the

1 Sir Harris N i las alls him R ert Frank and esse alls him co c ob , J c

Ri ard Fran s in t eir e iti ns The Com lete An ler. ch k , h d o of p g

I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S of our acquaintance with phenomena , better than any fresh supply of vital force drawn for man from the mutilated beast , better than a brief span our possibly added to earthly sojourn , is the pure consciousness that we have not broken down the of or l for barriers a holy reverence, sought re ief our own pain by inﬂicting it on some weaker N0 f l being . man by reason o his phi osophy need The be afraid to adopt this reasoning . words are noble and fearless . Franck wrote : Th e creatures in the creation (we must grant) were designed for nutrition and sustentation ; yet no man had a commission so large to take away life upon no other account than T to gratify his lust. hen the next question arising l rod wi l be, whether the or the net is rather to be of approved . I have only this answer (since both e l contribute to h alth and maintenance) , the apost es s one themselves u ed the , why then may not the angler plead for the other !

Walton insists strongly that angling is an art , and an art worth the learning , and worthy the knowledge and practice of a wise man ; he dis cusses the question whether the happiness of a

or man consists more in contemplation in action , and declares his own belief to be that in angling The both meet together . very sitting , he says , by the riverside is the ﬁttest place for contempla tion and for revelation . He learnt much about I ZAAK WA L TON A N D II I S FR I E ND S 2 9

ﬁs hing from The Treatyse of Fysshynge wyth an A n le 149 6 g , a fourth part issued in to a second

di of B oo]: o S t Albans e tion the f , printed by Wynkyn de Worde in 1486 in three parts ; the

ﬁrst part being on Hawking , the second in verse Th on Hunting and the third on Coat Armour. e writer of this Treatyse of Fysshg/nge has been generally supposed to have been Dame Juliana A Barnes or Berners . few years ago doubts were raised (seemingly on no sufﬁcient authority) as to whether she really wrote or compiled it . A charm ing facsimile reproduction of The Treatyse was 1880 I brought out by Elliot Stock in , and possess 1885 another privately printed in Edinburgh in .

Walton, all admit , copied from this work , without ’ any acknowledgment , the writer s directions for making flies . His other chief authorities were A ndrovanus D ubravius , and Gesner, and the reader gets a trifle weary of the mention of their l of of names and especia ly the name the latter. Walton admits that a great deal of information on fly-fishing was derived second - hand from one T homas Barker, whom he describes in the first edition of The Comp lete Angler as a gentleman that had spent much time and money in angling . Barker had been “ admitted into the most Am bassadors ’ kitchens that had come to England for ” forty years , and drest fish for them . It was probably he who gave Walton instructions of a 3 0 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

for of The Com lete culinary nature , the reader p Angler is often instructed how to dress ﬁsh for

dinner ; indeed , Franck hints that the book became popular because it taught the reader to cook as

well as to catch ﬁsh . ’ Until Walton s time the principles of angling An were propagated mainly by tradition . account of angling among the ancients and down to Walton’s ’ time is to be found in Dr B ethune s learned edition

The Com lete An ler 1847 of p g , published in by Willy

of New Putnam , York ; and the reader is also

An lin Literature in E n land referred to g g g , by Osmund Lambert and to Wa lton and the

it . E arlier F ishin Wr ers . g , by R B Marston Only a few books on the subject of angling had appeared in England when Walton brought out his book . His discourse caused various In 1 5 books to be written in his lifetime . 6 1 Thomas Barker wrote his book entitled The Art o An lin in 1657 f g g, and the second edition was ’ published under the enlarged title of B arker s

D eli ht or The Art o An lin . O of g ; , f g g ne the commendatory verses of that edition runs

B ar not a t B ar er lest he ite k k , b But if in an lin t eli t g g hou d gh , To ill the tr t and the ﬁs h k ou , cook , i r es and a e th is Follow h s ul h v y w h .

In 1658 Richard Franck wrote a book entitled

Northern Memoirs ul of , calc ated for the Meridian I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 3 1

Scotland. Wherein most or all of the Cities , s Citadels , Seaports , Castles , Forts , Fortres es ,

R iverlets . Rivers , and , are compendiously described 1694 It was not, however , published until , and a in 1821 new edition of it appeared , with a preface by Sir Walter Scott . Franck was a practical ﬁsherman and a very Northern Memoirs independent man . His is a very It interesting book , but is now rarely read . consists of a dialogue carried on between Theophilus and “ l one : Arno dus . In place the latter says What ” would you propound to yourself ! The former “ replies The exercise of the rod and learn to ” “ Arnoldus— And ! ﬁsh . who shall instruct us — “ ! Theophilus Ourselves who should You ’

I ll l . shall be my tutor, and be your pupi Sir

to 1821 Walter Scott, in his preface the edition , remarks that Franck seems to have entertained l pecu iar and mystical notions in theology , yet , in C general , expresses himself as a good hristian and

- well meaning man . ’ Another interesting book written in Walton s ’ Th e An ler s Va de Mecum or A lifetime was g ; ,

m endious t F ull c urse o An li Co e Dis o n . p , y , f g g ’ Chetham s name did not appear as the writer t of 168 1 in the ﬁrst edi ion , in the preface he says the author hath forborne to annex his name ; not that he is ashamed to own it, but wishes the reader to regard things more than 3 2 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

ul empty names , which , if all wo d do, many would not so long labour under the veil of ignorance as they do . In after editions , however, he annexes

out of or his name , not, he says , the common itch , ostentation , to be seen in print, but to evidence ’ own I hi that he s not ashamed to the work . t nk 1740 that at least until the year , when John

The B ritish An ler or A Williamson published g ; ,

Pocket Com a nion or Gentlemen-Fishers p f , little advancement had really been made in the know ’ ledge of the angler s art. In the preface to that m work , the writer states that the i provements that had been made by the generality of writers since ’ “ Walton s time are indeed so few , and for the al most part so trivi , rather adding to and perplex ” l ing his words , that he cou d not but wonder at seeing so much done to so little purpose ; and he further states that the improvements that had been made in experimental philosophy justiﬁed his writing his own book . He probably had Th e

Com lete An ler V p g in iew when he said , he rejected “ l idle superstitious Observances , and weak fabu ous ” “ accounts of natural causes . He also says : The great advantage , as well as ornament of this book , and which must eminently distinguish it from all others , is the poetical part, which cannot but be equally useful and entertaining . I dare speak so highly of it becaus e a great number of the lines of are by authors the ﬁrst rank . It was my I ZA AK WA L TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 3 3

of and remembering so many these , at the same time lighting on an ingenious little book called

The I nnocent E icure p , which more than doubled of my quantity, that ﬁrst put me in the head thus The adding a summary in verse to each chapter. full title of the interesting book referred to is The l n P em I n n r Th e Art o An i A o . noce t E icu e or . p ; , f g g

Th N . It was published in 1697. e preface is by “ T : The C of ate , who says opy this poem being sent to me from the unknown author , with commission to publish or suppress it, as I thought ﬁtting ; his indifference about the matter con vinced me that he was a gentleman who wrote it for his diversion, or at least in kindness to those who are lovers of that ingenious and innocent so recreation , concerning which he has made judicious observations . I immediately communi

‘ ca ted the sight of his manuscript to several of experienced anglers , (and some them no enemies to in i the Muses) who agreed their op nions , that notwithstanding the conﬁnement that verse lays far has upon a writer, it excels anything that been published in prose upon this subject, even in the l of T usefu and instructive part the work . hey assured me s ul , that it contains all the neces ary r es that have yet been delivered ; and those rules digested into a much better method ; together with several r uncommon and surprising rema ks , which many

a who are reputed rtists at the Sport, may receive 0 34 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S F RI E ND S

advantage by A fter the year 1740 the works on now angling fast increased , and their number is

legion . Hugh Miller might have considered Walton his model when he gave the following advice : Occupy your leisure in making yourselves L to of wiser men . earn make a right use your eyes ; the commonest things are worth look — ing at even stones and weeds and the most ni not familiar a mals . Read good books, forgetting ”

of . ul the best all Walton co d say , with Sir Henry ’ of T his Wotton , angling was an employment for

not . idle time, which was then idly spent We picture him at one time walking alone by shadowed

waters and amongst odoriferous ﬂowers , at another time sitting under a honeysuckle hedge ﬁnding “ f ” 1 solitude the audience chamber o God. “ ” to l of He was catch men, by the examp e a l l i godly life , unique holy iving , a ov ng heart ,

of u alacrity spirit, cheerf lness , and by his writ L of ings . iving in a world opportunity and to wonder , he was to enjoy life and obtain knowledge and learning while pursuing a lawful Thi ull recreation . s attitude is beautif y expressed D a out in the six verses by J . vors to be found set

of The Com t An ler The in the ﬁrst chapter p le e g . for f to singer prays a quiet and happy li e , and have what we read of in the Book of Job as the hear 1 W S. Lan r . do .

3 6 I ZA AK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S not consider it prOper to talk of some ﬁsh because they make us anglers no sport and he quotes “ i : the say ng I envy nobody but him , and him

c . only, that atches more ﬁsh than I do Yet a recent writer in his edition of The Comp lete A ngler

Co . (published by Methuen , can say he is “ not sure if Walton ever deserved the ﬁne name of sportsman in its truer sense ! A Walton greatly disliked swearing . com panion, he says , that feasts the company with wit and mirth and leaves out the sin (which is usually “ mixed with them) , he is the man . He says , good company and good discourse are the very sinues of ” Virtue . With quaint humour he advises anglers to be patient and forbear swearing , lest they be heard and catch no ﬁsh , but he assures us that anglers seldom take the name of God into their mouths but it is either to praise Him or pray to Him ; if others use it vainly in the midst of their recrea tions , so vainly as if they meant to conjure , he tells us it is neither our fault nor our custom we pro 1 test against it . He says he loves such mirth as does not make friends ashamed to look upon one another the next morning . Fancy in these days of men praying before , and as part , their recrea “ tion ! Yet in primitive times they did .

l Mercurius Her n in erses to R i ar Fran rites mo , v ch d ck, w

Sir a e ta t the an ler t at as i n , you h v ugh g h good f h o ” N ot to a t ﬁ sh it at s but nte lati n. c ch w h o h , co mp o I ZAAK WA L TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 3 7

What a number of times in his writings does Walton use this word primitive ! At a meeting of brothers of the angle he says “ L ’ ’ et s e en say grace , and turn to the ﬁre , and drink the other cup to wet our whistles ,

The Trea t se o and so sing away sad thoughts . y f n shgnge before mentioned contains this advice “ near the end : Wh anne ye purpoos to goo on dis ortes f ssh n e des re your p in y y g , ye woll not y retl ersones w th s m hte g y many p y you, which yg And lette you of your game . thenne ye maye ’ serve God deuowtly in sayenge aﬂectuously youre ustumabl And do n e a c e prayer. thus y g ye sh ll ” eschewe and voyde many vices . It may be worth observing that in no age has angling been con ’ sidered repugnant to the clergyman s calling . Amongst many clerical votaries of the art who have lived since Walton’s day may be mentioned

of N a tura l Theolo Dr William Paley, the author gy, who died in who had himself painted with a rod and line in his hand Charles Kingsley , Canon of 18 5 Westminster, who died in 7 ; the Rev . John “ ” s or Ru sell , best known as the sporting parson , “ ” 1883 A as Jack Russell , who died in ; rchbishop di 189 1 . Magee, who ed in the Rev R. H . Barham ,

of The I n oldsb Le ends 1845 author g y g , who died in

Rev. the William Kirby , the entomologist, who 1850 T died in the Rev . heobald Mathew , called

1 ’ He was Seni rWran ler and Fell of C rist s Colle e Ca ri e o g , ow h g , mb dg . 3 8 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

“ A of T the postle emperance , a Roman Catholic

1856 . L priest, who died in ; the Rev William isle of 1850 Bowles , Canon Salisbury, who died in ; of Al a who Bishop Claughton St b ns , died in

1892 . ; and the Rev Morgan George Watkins , now living . Mr Watkins , in his preface to the above - mentioned facsimile reproduction of Th e

h n w t n n l s Trea tgsc of n s y ge y h a A g e ( ee p . well says that the last two pages of ’ it give us a portrait of the writer s conception of of the perfect angler simplicity disposition , for ’ our bearance to neighbour s rights , and considera tion in ﬁshing or employment of its gentle art to increase worldly gain and ﬁll the larder is equally f condemned . She holds the highest View o for angling ; that it is to serve a man solace , and of to cause the health his body , but especially of ul his soul . So she wo d have him pursue his craft

to alone for the most part , when his mind can rise God high and holy things , and he may serve devoutly by saying from his heart his customary

Nor prayer. should a man ever carry his amus e ment to excess and catch too much at one time ; this is to destroy his future pleasure and to interfere with that of his neighbours . A good too ll sportsman , she adds , wi busy himself in nourish ” i n ing the game and destroy ng all vermi . I cannot refrain from quoting a paragraph from S a lmonia ; or D a s o Fl Fishin , y f y g, which might have come I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 3 9

from the pen of Walton instead offrom that of the

great philosopher and chemist, Sir Humphrey of Davy . He thus describes the benefits angling “ to the philosopher and the lover of nature : It carries us into the most vivid and beautiful ur u scenery of nat e, among the mo ntain lakes , and the clear and lovely streams that gush from the i l highest ranges of elevated h l s, or that make their of way through the cavities calcareous strata . l S How de ightful, in the early pring, after the dull of and tedious time winter, to wander forth by to some clear stream , see the leaf bursting from the purple bud , to wander upon the fresh turf of t below the shade rees , whose bright blossoms fil on are led with the music of the bee , and the surface of the waters to view the gaudy flies sparkling like gems in the sunbeam , to hear the of t l twittering the wa er birds , with other ike sights and sounds , and to finish all by catching a salmon , n and carryi g him home . C H A P T E R I V

THE COMPLETE ANGLER

“ I t c ntainet ise sa in s ar sentences and o h w y g , d k , ara les and ertain art i lar an ient l st ries p b , c p cu c god y o of ” — ' E or.E srasrrous Pr l ue . men that pleased God . c ( o og )

T is is so li e and li e it h book k you, you k , For armless irt ex ressi n art and wit h m h , p o , , , ’ T at I r test in en sl tis tr e h p o g uou y u ,

I l e t is irt art wit the and . ov h m h, , , book you

m her Mr I z Walton on his C lete An ler. To dear br t . y o , , omp g 1 R on. F D C. LOU ,

I N 1653 Walton published The Comp lea t Angler ’ m la tiv Ma n s R ecrea tio B ein or The Conte e n. a , p g D iscourse of Fish a nd Fishing not Unworthy the

Perusa l o Most An lers i f g , adorned with exqu site 2 of it The cuts some of the ﬁsh mentioned in . title -page had the motto “ a -ﬁ shin Simon Peter said , I go g ; and they ” said , We also will go with thee (John xxi . This motto has been omitted in all subsequent ’ The n editions . author s name did ot appear on — f d the title page o this e ition . Sir Harris N icolas says that Walton framed his treatise upon A Trea tise on the N a ture of God

1 ’ w Walt n s r t er- - w R . Fl as in la oud o b o h . 2 enerall s s e to b e the r ar G y uppo d wo k of Lomb t. 4 o I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

(often attributed to Bishop Morton) , a small volume r 159 9 ﬁ st printed in , which not only commences in

of nearly the identical words , but bears , in other

The Com lete An ler places , a great similarity to p g , and there is so much resemblance between many ’ ’ passages of Walton s work and Heresba chius

Husba ndr y, by Googe, which was first printed in 15 7 to 7 , as render it probable that he was indebted f to that work for some o his ideas . The subject-matter of the treatise is carried on di in alogue between two interlocutors , Piscator (a l A fisherman) and Viator (a trave ler) . second 1655 im edition was demanded in , and various n portant alterations were made , there now bei g “ “ three interlocutors , Piscator, Venator (a “ A hunter) and uceps (a falconer), Viator being eliminated . Of this most wonderful work five editions were ’

out . 1653 brought during Walton s life , viz , in ,

1655 1661 1668 1676. A , , and short discourse by

of of way postscript , touching the laws angling, ri was ﬁrst published with , and was p nted at the hi end of, the t rd edition of the book ; it is , how of ever, omitted in most the subsequent editions . ri not Who the w ter was is known , but he was The evidently learned in the law . ﬁfth edition t contained a second part, which Co ton wrote, and this second part had the title The Comp lete A ngler : B eing I nstructions how to Angle for Trout or 4 2 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S

ra li a ar Str - G y ng in Cle eam . In the title page is a cypher composed of the initial letters of Walton and Cotton , with the words

ui i i non re it fa ciat licet i se ericlum Q m h c d , p p , ” ' E rit sc e ui r ill s 1 t fue riptis s q o e mei .

All the later editions have been founded upon this The f ﬁfth edition . second part consists o a l “ dia ogue between two persons , Piscator junior,

(who was Cotton himself) , and Viator, a supposed ’ of friend Walton s , who had been addicted to the “ s cha e till taught by Walton a good , a more ” quiet, innocent and less dangerous diversion .

It has often been remarked that, considering the state the country was in when the book ul was ﬁrst published , it is wonderf how it ul e l co d have been writt n , but it shou d be remembered that it must have been well thought out of after many years cogitation , since Walton was sixty years old when the ﬁrst edition was

. 1675 published Cotton writes , in , that for some years past he had often thought on the subject which he “ scribbled ” in little more than ’ of ten days time, and which constitutes Part II . the book . Some attempts have been made during recent

i . lt and to years to d scard Part II a ogether, pro

l A translati n i rea s : He es not elieve me let o of wh ch d who do b , him a e trial i sel and he ill be airer to ritin s. m k h m f, w f my w g

4 4 I ZAA K WAL TON A N D HI S FR I E ND S

or m any catalogue index at the British Museu , though I happily possess a Copy of it.

The I nnocent E icure In the body of p , before

C . mentioned in hapter III , Walton , Cotton and Venables are referred to in the lines

” Hail ! Great Triumvirate of Angling ! Hail !

of Th e Com lete An ler Hallam has said p g , that

its simplicity, its sweetness , its natural grace , and happy intermixture of graver strains with the of precepts angling , have rendered this book ” H l Litera r istor V o . . deservedly popular ( y y, IV , L to p . Charles amb , in a letter Coleridge , “ wrote : A mong all your quaint readings did you ’ ever light upon Walton s Comp lete Angler ! I asked you the question once before ; it breathes of r the very spirit innocence , pu ity and simplicity of heart ; there are many choice old verses inter ’ spersed in it ; it would sweeten a man s temper at any time to read it, it would christianise every discordant angry passion ; pray make yourself ” l acquainted with it . Its remarkab e power to fascinate is most amusingly shown by Washington

ketch B le Irving in one of his chapters in The S oo . “ ’ William Hazlitt wrote Walton s Comp lete Angler makes that work a great favourite with sports of l men ; the alloy an amiab e humanity , and the modest but touching description of familiar inci dents and rural objects scattered through it , have I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 4 5 made it an equal favourite with every reader of taste and feeling (Pla in Sp ea ker) . This high “ authority also wrote : I should suppose no other language than ours can show such a book as ’ - one Com lete An ler an oft mentioned , Walton s p g , ’ u na ivete ff of so f ll of , of una ected sprightliness , of busy triﬂing , of dainty songs , refreshing brooks , of of shady arbours , of happy thoughts , and the ’ ” “ ” herb called heart s -ease ! ( Merry England in

Sketches a nd E ssa s . y ) Miss Mary Russell Mitford,

Recollections o a Literar L e : in her f y if , says “ Certainly it was not amongst the least of the ’ many excellencies of Izaak Walton s charming ul book , that he helped to render pop ar so many ’ u ri Th pure and beautif l ly cs . omas Westwood s estimate of the value of the book is neatly given “ it is essentially a book to be loved , and to be ” discoursed of lovingly. The following remarks I take from the Works o Alex a nder Pe e with Memoirs o His L e f p , f if , by

L . Vol. I . . 135 : Let a William Bowles , , p me t ke this opportunity of recommending the amiable ’ W Com lete An ler and venerable Izaak alton s p g , n a work the most si gular of its kind , breathing ri of of um the very spi t contentment, quiet and e affected philanthropy, and intersp rsed with some ” l of old beautifu relics poetry, songs and ballads .

N otes a nd ueries 3rd It has been asked , see Q ( I S . . , VII , p who it was that wrote of 4 6 I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

Th e Comp lete Angler that it will hold its place “ in our literature as long as the white-thorn m w l l blosso s in the hedgero s , and the ark caro s in the cloud . ’ We get at the Scotsman s estimate of Walton ’ by rea ding an article in B la ckwood s Magaz ine for ’ O 1823 e d of Th e ctober, , soon aft r Major s e ition Com lete An ler out Th w p g was brought . e riter says that Walton was more tenderly beloved in “ England than in Scotland : Such a being could l we never have been in Scot and, and therefore do not thoroughly understand either his character or the impassioned veneration with which it is regarded . He is rather considered as a sort of oddity ; and the book itself is not so much felt, as the real record of the experience of a ﬂesh and

old : as blood man as a ple ant, although somewhat too lli unnatural, fiction, often bordering upon si l al ness ; and to a grave phi osophic people like us, throughout tinged with a childish and Utopian ” O was l spirit . f course , it quite impossib e that such a book should not have fierce criticism “ : T bestowed upon it , and Hazlitt says here are ’ who ou Com lete An ler those if y praise Walton s p g , sneer at it as a childish or old-womanish perform ” ’ The of ance . greatest by far Walton s detractors , however, was Richard Franck ; this is what he writes Isaac Walton (late author of The Comp lea t Angler) has imposed upon the world this monthly I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 4 7 novelty which he understood not himself ; but ’ stufls his book with morals from D ubravius and not i one of his own others , giv ng us precedent l practica experiments , except otherwise where he l -rod prefers the trencher before the tro ling , who ’ lays the steps of his arguments upon other men s ff observations , wherewith he stu s his indigested ’ octavo ; so brings himself under the angler s of censure , and the common calamity a plagiary, man of to be pitied (poor ) for his loss time , in ’ ” scribbling and transcribing other men s notions .

Sir Walter Scott, in his preface when he edited the book written by Franck , as to which see “ . : no Chapter III , states Probably reader, while he reads the disparaging passages in which the a venerable Isa c Walton is introduced, can forbear old wishing that good man, who had so true an as eye for nature , so simple a t te for her most n innocent pleasures, and withal, so sou d a judg ment, both concerning men and things , had made of this northern tour instead Franck, and had detailed in the beautiful simplicity of his Arcadian on language , his observations the scenery and f ” manners o Scotland . Here I digress in order to make some observations as to Walton ’s reasons for writing his books . ’ L e o D r Johnson In Boswell s if f , we read “ of a letter which runs thus : It gives me much pleasure to hear that a republication of Isaac 4 8 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR IE ND S

’ L You a Walton s ives is intended . h ve been in a mistake in thinking that Lord Hailes had it in

one view. I remember morning , while he sat

with you in my house , he said , that there should ’ of L ou be a new edition Walton s ives , and y said l T ll that they shou d be noted a little . his was a n Y u s o . o that pa sed that subject must , therefore ,

inform Dr Horne, that he may resume his plan . I enclose a note concerning it ; and if Dr Horne ll to all wi write me , the attention that I can give shall be cheerfully bestowed upon what I think

l a of a pious work, the preservation and e ucid tion

Walton , by whose writings I have been most iﬁ d ” pleasingly ed e . “ L on for ater , however, we read Pray get f ’ L me all the editions o Walton s ives . I have a notion that the republication of them with notes ll m L wi fall upon me , between Dr Ho e and ord ” Hailes . It has been said most men work for the

The present, a few for the future . wise work — for both for the future in the present, and for the present in the future . In his epistle to the ’ reader in Walton s Life of D onne he informs us that he wrote the Life of George Herbert chieﬂy as l to ple e himse f, but yet not without some respect 1676 of to posterity. In , when the ﬁfth edition

The Com lete An ler to p g was given the world , in “ his epistle to the reader Walton says : I did not I ZAA K WAL TON A N D HI S FR I E ND S 4 9 wri te this discourse to please myself but to please of others , and he says , that in writing it I have of made myself a recreation a recreation , and “ again I write not to get money but for pleasure. In spite of this admission Walton was no fool of in the estimation Dr Johnson , who remarked a for th t nobody but a fool wrote except money. A modern thinker l has remarked that the desire of one posthumous fame , though a very high , is a very unusual ambition . We rather think with

Frederick Robertson , of Brighton, that most of us “ long to be remembered after death . Certainly we must suppose that Walton desired fame in his

- life and after. We remember his well known ’ on Casaub on s monogram , scratched by him Isaac tomb in the south transept in Westminster Abbey 1658 ri of in , earliest of those unhappy insc ptions names of visitors which have since defaced so ‘ Si many a sacred space in the Abbey . O sic omnia We forgive the Greek soldiers who recorded their journey on the foot of the statue at Ipsumbul ; the Platonist who has left his name in the tomb ofRameses at Thebes the Roman Emperor ’ who has carved his attestation of Memnon s music on the colossal knees of Amenophis . Let us in like manner forgive the angler for this mark of ’ ” ’ himselfin Poets Corner (Dean Stanley s Memoria ls o Westminster Abbe f y) .

l D ean V a an Master the Te le. ugh , of mp D 50 I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S

We read of a stone near Madeley Pond on which Walton is said to have carved his initials . In some twenty of his own books now in the Cathedral Library at Salisbury 1 can be or l not seen his name initia s (all, however , may now ll be autographs) , and and again some book wi

- in turn up at auction , ear marked that way , as having been once in his possession , and therefore fetching far more than its fair market value “ n 2 o that account . Johnson called Walton a

: great panegyrist, and once Boswell said to him N 0 quality will get a man more friends than a of disposition to admire the qualities others . I do not mean flattery but a sincere admiration . “ : N a r Dr Johnson y, sir, flatte y pleases very ” Li e o D onne generally . In his f f , Walton himself “ says : It is observed that a desire of glory or commendation is rooted in the very nature of man ; and that those of the severest and most mortified so lives , though they may become humble as to

f- ﬂatter banish sel y, and such weeds as naturally grow there ; yet they have not been able to kill

1 I n the Winchester edition of The Comp lete Angler the e itor inserts a letter ate the 23rd of Mar 1901 r th e li rarian d d d ch , f om b ’ of Salis r Cat e ral Li rar in i h e i es a list of Walt n s bu y h d b y, wh ch g v o s in t at li rar T is list aries r th e list i en b Sir book h b y. h v f om g v y arris N i las H co . 2 I n the Cathedral Library at Worcester his name can b e seen in scribed in a copy of th e ﬁ rst edition of his Lives which h e resente to Mrs Eliz a ns n to h e e eat e a rin b p d Joh o , whom b qu h d g y his will.

52 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S favourite author of the last age who seemed exposed to the unkindness of being forgotten . He says he “ pruned ” away some inaccuracies and redundancies and claimed to have used great deliberation in these retouches ! The edition brought out by Sir John Hawkins in 1760 con ’ of L n tains an account the author s ives , the i forma tion given being derived from the researches made ll O Mr by Wi iam ldys . It was the late William

T of N otes a nd John homs, formerly the editor

ueries out how to Q , who pointed much we owe William Oldys for information as to Walton and 1 T O Cotton . his ldys was a curious character, but f little is known o his early life . He became the ’ of L O l su erin keeper ord xford s ibrary, and p

of Ha/rleia lla n tended the publication the n Misce y. N H Formerly orfolk erald Extraordinary , but not ’ to al C ll belonging Her ds o ege , he was appointed

- - N of A 1755 . orroy King rms, by patent, in He of ale ri was fond , but d nking it did not make him inaccurate as a writer on our literary O to history. ldys had contracted supply ten years of the life of Shakespeare unknown to the one biographers , with Walker, a bookseller in the Strand ; but Oldys did not live to fulﬁl the engagement (see Curiosities of Litera ture under Oldys and his Manuscripts Two l one small editions I va ue , published by

’ 1 See on the s e t Mr Marst n s r s o ubj c o wo k n Walton. I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S 53

T two 1826 l s egg in volumes in , the other pub i hed T . 183 by C ilt and others , in two volumes , in 7 T (32mo) . his last is the smallest edition I can

ﬁnd ever published . It has a note on page xi “

I . : in Vol . , stating It has not been thought necessary or desirable to introduce notes in this

of Th e Com lete An ler edition p g , which is got up rather in relation to its literary and poetical than To its technical character. most readers they are (un)necessary or readily supplied by the common of on books reference , while, the other hand , they have often only the effects of disturbing the tone of ” the more agreeable thoughts excited by the text . Inasmuch as a nice copy of Th e Comp lete Angler can now be bought for a few shillings there seems no reason for giving further information as to its

contents . It is worth remarking that the ﬁrst edition of the book was published “ of eighteen

. 1898 pence price Messrs Sotheby, in May , sold a beautifiil set from the Ashburnham Library of r the fi st five editions , in the original bindings , for £800ll For a few shillings a facsimile reprint of the first edition can be bought . Americans are buying up all the best editions Th of Walton . e reader may note that the second

Th e Com lete An ler edition of p g is extremely scarce, more so than the ﬁrst edition .

‘ I n Ma 19 03 t e s l a th e ﬁ rst e iti n for 405 y , h y o d copy of d o £ . C H A P T E R V

CHAR LES COTTON

B 1630 D . 1687 ( . , )

The web our life is of a in le arn a nd ill of m g d y , good t et er our irt es l be r if our a lts i og h ; v u wou d p oud , f u wh pped t e not and our c es l es air if t e er h m ; wou d d p , h y w e not ”— ’ eris e our irt es. All s Well Th at E nds Well ch h d by v u .

“ I t seems the world was always bright Wit s e i ine n l e eat er h om d v u c oud d w h , W en we it earts and tste s li t h , w h h foo p gh , B la n and ri er al e t y w v w k d ogether. W A WA S ILLI M T ON .

’ ONE of r Walton s f iends was Charles Cotton , of Ovin den O g , Sussex , who married live , daughter of of Sir John Stanhope, Elvaston, Derbyshire,

Ol or O who by ivia live, his first wife , was of the daughter and heiress Edward Beresford , of on Beresford and Bentley respectively, the ’ of Staflordshire i borders and Derbysh re . The ancient township of Beresford is now generally ’ regarded as part of Fawfi eld Head (see Kelly s D irector o S ta ordshire A y f f , bout two Alstonfi eld miles from stood Beresford Hall. CHA RLES COTTON

To ac f e pag e 54.

I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 55

Beresford Dale forms the uppermost part of the

glen called Dovedale . The Beresford estates came to the Cottons by The l the aforesaid marriage . Ha l is now a ruin . The only child of this marriage was Charles C on otton, who was born at Beresford the

28th Of April 1630. It is doubtful whether he

was educated at Cambridge, as most of his

biographers state he was , but it appears he was highly educated and had travelled abroad for some

time , and was a particularly good French scholar. ’ He Obtained a captain s commission in the army , and if we construe rightly some lines of his own

poetry he became a Justice of the Peace . He

— ﬁrst married twice his cousin, Isabella , daughter

of T of O N Sir homas Hutchinson , wthorpe , otts , 1670 Knight ; she died in , having had issue three A 16 5 sons and ﬁve daughters . bout 7 he married of his second wife , Mary, eldest daughter Sir

of William Russell , Baronet, Strensham Park, of Win ﬁeld Worcestershire , and widow g , Earl of

no . The Ardglass , by whom he had issue elder 1658 Cotton died in . The friendship between Walton and Cotton was no doubt due in the ﬁrst instance to the fact ’ that the former was the friend of the latter s father ; but a similarity of political Opinions

existed between them , which must be noted , as r well as a common love of literatu e and angling . 56 I ZAA K WAL TON A N D HI S FR I E N D S

’ The wi diﬂerent men , however, were dely , both by birth and in character, and the strange ness of the close friendship has been often l discus sed . “ N evertheless in this case the kettle and the ” earthern to pot seemed agree together, though Cotton was “ much mightier and richer than ’

. son Walton Cotton became Walton s adopted , and he refers to Walton as “ the truest friend any r “ man ever had , and w ites that he gives me leave l e to ca l him father, and I hop is not yet ashamed ” n f r to ow me o his adopted son . In the beautiful verses written in 1672 to Walton he is gratefully mentioned as being “ the best friend I now or “ ever knew . He became father and friend and ’ on A tutor all in e. lthough Cotton s chief claim to fame may be said to rest on his contribution to

The Com lete An ler for his p g , still he was famous ri translations from va ous French writers , and especially as being the translator of the E ssays of

. r Montaigne He wrote a good deal of p ose ,

of poems and verse , a few specimens which appear at the end of this book . In 1664 he published a burlesque poem entitled

Scarronides or Th e First B ook o Vir il Tra vestie ; , f g ,

’ 1 M ses Br wn it ma h e re ar e one Walt n s earliest o o , y m k d, of o “ e it rs lis e The Com lete An ler as th e in eni us and d o , pub h d p g , by g o ” ele rate Mr saa Walt n and C arles Cot t n Es . T is s s I c b d I c o , h o , q h how , t in t at th e title of E s uire was not nsidere as a r erdescri h k, h q co d p op p ’ i a man of Walt n s tra iti nal siti n in li e t on of o d o po o f .

I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 57 and in 1670 he published a new edition dealing with the ﬁrst and fourth books . Fifteen editions of this work were produced . In 1670 he translated the History of the Life o the D uke o E s ernon f f p , with a dedication to

Archbishop Sheldon . In 1675 he published his

' B urles ue u on B urles ue or The S co er Sco ed q p q ; , f ﬁ , being some of Lucian’s Dialogues newly put into s for English Fu tian , the consolation Of those who had rather Laugh and be Merry than be Merry ” and Wise . He tells us in the prologue it was written in a month and that

The s e t is it t ffence ubj c w hou o , D o but s e s tt W r s is ense om mu y o d d p , ’ We ll a e a en s it R i e if not it sense . m k m d w h m , w h

In the epilogue he refers to the lewdness of the age Which made our A uthor wisely choose To diz en up his dirty Mu se I n such an odd Fanta stic Weed

As e er one he ne l rea . v y , k w, wou d d

He tells us he wrote it to please himself as n well as the reader . I the same year he wrote the ’ Pla nter s Ma nua l , being instructions for cultivating Of In all sorts fruit trees . the preface to the reader he states that the treatise was only written for the “ private satisfaction Of a very worthy gentleman who is exceedingly curious in his choice of his fruits , and has great judgment in planting . In 58 I ZAAK WAL TON A N D HI S FR I E ND S

ler 16 6 . The Com lete An 7 he wrote Part II of p g ,

as to which see Chapter IV . He was the author of b e various other books, and is generally

l- 1 lieved to Th e Com lete Cvamester have written p , which is the earliest account of the game of “ The billiards in English . It is there said : nl genteel , clea y and ingenious game at billiards had its ﬁrst original in Italy (in another place he says in Spain) , and for the excellency of the recreation is much approved of and played by most nations in Europe , especially in England , there being few towns of note therein which

i - hath not a publ c billiard table , neither are they wanting in many noble and private families in the country for the recreation of the mind and exercise ” of the body In 1681 Cotton produced The

Wonders o the Pea k 1685 f , and in he published ’ E ssa s his famous translation of Montaigne s y . Although it is true Cotton could not have sung in the words of Sir Lewis Morris

N a a t are I t all erse s all die y, wh c hough v h , I f only it is pure

“ we ul still , must recollect the pec iarities Of the age in which the author lived before we judge him

to too severely . He seems have been a most inconsistent man and inconsistent writer also , and

1 I n th e re a e th e a t r sa s I t is not an ri ate interest of p f c u ho y , y p v ” own t at a se me to a ent re on t is s e t my h c u d dv u h ubj c . I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 59

’ George Herbert s lines may well be applied to him

0 at a t in is man far r er wh h g how f om pow , From settled peace and rest ! He is some twenty several men at least

Yes ! at different times he appears as serious as a judge and as jocular as a Merry Andrew ! of Cotton was a kindly nature , and , though

usually hard up , a generous giver. He enjoyed “ good company, with plenty of wine and

to own ale and tobacco , and delighted , use his “ r words , to toss the can mer ily round . His language was also Often not exactly Parlia

mentary. Possibly

He erre he sinne : and if t ere be d , d h Who r his a less railties ree , f om h p f f , Ri in the rer irt es see ch poo v u , lt al n His fau s o e. To s 0 L r C arit uch, o d of h y, ” r n 1 Be me cy show .

It is amusing to notice how many of his bio

ra hers one g p repeat, after another, his weak on how nesses, and close examination show little original examination of the man and his writings a they have made , and ne rly all state that Cotton

wrote because he was forced to write for money, omitting all mention of what he says in his

l William Wats n o . 6o I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

B urles ue u on B urles ue or Th e prefaces to his q p q ; ,

' d The om let Sco er S co e C e Gamester. ﬁ ﬁ , and to p In his charming verses to Walton on his Life of

D onne 1672 , written in , he certainly shows his appreciation Of good men , and also that he him “ ” “ ” at self least with mind , if not with heart , understood what religion meant . He desires to be considered a worthy member of society , for he says “ My father Walton will be seen twice in no ’ man s company he does not like , and likes none to but such as he believes be very honest men ,

one of t or s which is the best argumen s, at lea t Of I or the best testimonies I have , that either am , one of that he thinks me, those , seeing I have not of yet found him weary me . He appears to have refrained from ﬁshing on “ of a Sunday, for he writes killing ﬁsh winter or summer, every day throughout the year, those days always excepted , that upon a more serious ” account ought always so to be . He may have considered Sunday a day when all that is noblest in a man should predominate ; and that ri it is a day for wit, intellect , spi t , light and God

Hi r ness hi i l n n an in s eat not s l tt eness er s . g , , co c m k d

Cotton was a Royalist to the backbone , and a

- l . highly accomp ished man He was a rider , and as a native of a mountainous county could ride I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 61

to over it fearlessly, disdaining alight where a foreigner might prefer entrusting his neck to the ﬁdelity of his feet rather than to those of his horse . di T It is dangerous ri ng in Dovedale . here ’ n was a bad road to Rey ard s Cave , and it was there that a Dean of Clogher lost his life many

a o. years g His horse was carrying him , and a a l dy behind him , when it lost its foothold and The rolled over a precipice. Dean was killed , ’ but the lady s hair saved her by becoming entangled in some bushes and arresting her descent .

n - Cotton played at bowls , havi g a bowling green “ near Beresford Hall . He saysOf himself : Though

I am no very good bowler, I am not totally de voted to my own pleasure ; but that I have also ’ to ! some regard other men s He also , we may fairly infer from what we have before said, knew something of billiards and probably played with

ul of o - Walton at the then pop ar game sh vel board . A Sir ston Cockayne , his cousin , has in some highly l m eu ogistic verses clai ed, and rightly so , that Cotton should be considered as a good all-round t man . Cotton wro e complimentary verses to him

on Tra ed o Ovid. 168 his g y f In February, 7, Cotton a of died in the p rish St James , Westminster, it of is generally supposed a fever, without having attained his coveted age of sixty years try to 62 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

“ out to Th e live sixty full years old , he wrote in

Retirement. N o or of or stone , monument, tablet any sort kind has ever been erected or put up in memory of Cotton

N o marble columns or engraven brass w To tell the world tha t such a person as .

A al I part from his connection with W ton, think that Cotton has good reason to be remembered . ’ Cotton s Poems on Several Occasions were

1689 As published after his death in . to the Ode ” ds Winter, written by him , the poet Wor worth says in his prefac e to his Miscella neous Poems : The middle part of this ode contains a most lively of c description the entran e Of Winter, with his 1 retinue, as a palsied King, and yet a military for monarch , advancing conquest with his army, of the several bodies which , and their arms and of equipment, are described with a rapidity detail and a profusion of fanciful comparisons which indicate on the part of the poet extreme activity of intellect and a correspondent hurry of delightful ” feeling . ’ w Cotton s idow , and his eldest son , Beresford — O Cotton , and also his four daughters live ,

1 ” In the t ent -ei t stanz a of Winte r i ntains ﬁft -t ree w y gh h , wh chco y h “ ” e Entr eir Kin stanz as the lin e rs Th t Palsie . I n t is , occu y of h d g h collection of poems there are two poems on Winter besides one on th e

C H A P T ER V I

COLONEL R OBERT VEN ABLES

(1612-1687)

“ I am a man

M re sinne a ainst t a n sinnin . o d g , h g

HE of of A was a son Robert Venables , ntrobus ,

Cheshire , a member of an ancient Cheshire house . He served in the Parliamentary Army and held

1649 -in various posts . In he was Commander

of Chief the Forces in Ulster , and became Gover

nor of A Lisne arve . Belfast, ntrim and g y He 1654 left Ireland in , having gained great renown “ there . Cromwell demanded from the Spaniards that they should treat the English as friends in ~ A of South merica , and in regard to the trade Spain, that a clause should be struck out of the last treaty which made it still possible for the Inquisition to

molest English merchants . But these were pro posals which seemed to the Spaniards little else l ” 1 A A than insu ts . ccordingly placing dmiral of William Penn at the head the ﬂeet, and Venables at the head of the army with the of rank general, Cromwell despatched them

1 ’ Ran e s Histor o En la nd 1875 V ol. I I . C a ter V k y f g , , , h p . 64 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S 65

1654 Th hastily from England in . e two chiefs did not get on well together . The men Venables had to command were a raw rabble , and very different from the men he had had under his T command when in Ireland . he expedition was uf very badly equipped , much st f being wanting . A fter touching at Barbadoes , the troops landed at

Niz ao Hispaniola , at the mouth of the , some twenty i m les from Santa Domingo , the city and port of the ‘ Th . e island , without Opposition march there was

on attended with disaster , chieﬂy account of want of water . Venables fell ill , and it was deemed best, t af er various encounters and many repulses , to withdraw from the island altogether and try for T u . better fort ne against Jamaica his they had , u and the island was easily capt red . It has ever since remained part of our possessions . Penn was now delighted of the excuse to return to England in order to report on the affairs that had taken l place . Venables soon after fo lowed . Cromwell “ was greatly discomposed on hearing of the dis “ aster and shut himself up in his room , brooding

s over it . He con idered that the West Indies , if ff u prosperous , a orded facilities for f ture attempts on the American continent . On their arrival in

England , Penn and Venables were committed to T the ower Have you ever read , said Cromwell

1 Lin ard in his Histor o E n land V ol. V . i es the istan e g , y f g , III , g v d c r iles as fo ty m . 66 I ZAAK WAL TON A N D HI S FR I E ND S

“ Of t to Venables , any general that had lef his C army, and not commanded back romwell had made up his mind not to set Penn and Venables at liberty till they had formally acknowledged their Offences . Penn did this soon . Venables

. C held out longer, but also did so romwell could

of never be persuaded to trust either them again . “ For Penn there was little to be said , as his presence was manifestly required at the head of the ﬂeet remaining in the West Indies . Venables , on h the ot er hand , was guilty at the most Of saving his own life at a time when hundreds of

ﬂi rs his o ce and men were perishing . It was out of the question that he could have lived long enough to render efﬁcient service in Jamaica (see

The Histor o the Commonwea lth a nd Protectora te y f ,

l. L on m n . . . V o . a s by G S R Gardiner , III , g Venables became very bitter against C romwell, and became a Royalist, though remain ing to the end of his life an Independent . In 1660 he was made Governor Of Chesterg and in

1662 Th e E x erienced An ler he published p g , of which mention has been made in Chapter IV . In his prefatory address he remarks on the under valued subject Of angling that nothing passes for “ noble or delightful which is not costly ; as though men could not gratify their senses , but with the consumption of their fortunes . How these words agree with Wordsworth ’s I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 67

The wealthiest man among us is the best N o gra ndeur now in nature or in book 1 Delights us

Venables contends that “ the minds of anglers are usually more calm and composed than

many others, especially hunters and falconers , who too frequently lose their delight in their too passion , and Often bring home more of melancholy and discontent than satisfaction in their thoughts ; but the angler, when he bath b ook or the worst success , loseth but a line , or perhaps , what he never possessed, a ﬁsh ! A mongst his general Observations he says Deny not part of what your endeavours shall purchase unto any sick or indigent persons , but willingly distribute a part of your purchase to those who may desire a share and he ends thus “ Make not a profession of any recreation lest your immoderate love towards it should bring a cross T wish on the same . here was a very nice reprint

out 1827 T. brought of the book in , by Gosden . of Venables bought the estate Wincham, in C heshire, where his descendants are still settled . ’ In the notes to R obinson s Discourse of the Wa r in La ncashire Chetham , printed for the Society,

. 9 7 l h p , wi l be found the best information as to is life , and it is thence that the information given

1 Th e Sonnets. 68 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

Of him in the D ictionary of N a tiona l B iograp hy seems to be derived . Venables was twice married ; ﬁrst to Elizabeth

Rudyard , and secondly to Elizabeth , widow Of

T Lee homas , of Darn Hall, and daughter Of Al The Samuel dersey . reader can ﬁnd the story of the unfortunate expedition against the ’ Spaniards well narrated in Clarendon s History of the R ebellion , though Dr Gardiner says the account “ ” is not to be trusted implicitly .

Venables was probably a disappointed man , and the later part of his life is likely to have been

The of his happiest . following lines James T homson, the poet, seem to be applicable to his last days “ An f elegant su ﬁciency , content , retirement , rural quiet, friendship , books , ease and alternate

a labour, useful life , progressive virtue , and p ” proving Heaven . C H A P T E R V I I

THE FISHIN G- HOUSE

Met in s I see C arles C tt n a nd his ri en h k h o o f d, ’ The est Walt n r A s ta s T n mod o , f om ugu ow , Enter the ﬁ shin - se an r to s en g hou , hou p d, ” A nd th l l t 1 by e marb e ta b e set hem down . w N o we sit to chat .

a in T m g of the Shrew.

I N 1676 Cotton ﬁnished building the celebrated “ ﬁ shin - little g house , dedicated to anglers , my ’ it— on seat s best grace , as he calls the margin

of of the River Dove Princess Rivers , near to his house, Beresford Hall . Mr Edwards (the

Poet of the Dove as he has been called) , after ’ describing the beauties of Beresford s enchanting glen , very ﬁnely writes

’ En et in s is t l N at re s ra e ough, m h k , o d of u g c P re reel on t is strea to an lers ea r ou d f y h m, g d , rt h fi h la D iviner wo h as sancti ed t e p ce. That Fishing-House amid those fi rs which rea r T eir t s a e it lea s me to re ere h op bov , d v i as The seal of Friendsh p warm filial love. T ine in one er on the fi rst a ea r w d cyph , pp

1 o Hall b W Al exander See A Journe t Beres ord . . y f , y 69 7o I ZAAK WA L TON A N D HI S FR I E ND S

’ Walton and Cotton s na mes there ﬁx ed to prove A re r affe ti n nea r t eir a rite D e co d of c o h f vou ov . C eer l sa e a nd il h fu , g , m d, ’ Wa lton s discourse was like the honey balm l e a r l D istille ﬂ ers. A n t es te s i d by ow o g h w w d , S it it the l e a n lin he e ile m w h ov of g g, b gu d , Wit his a te son the rs a a h dop d , hou w y While Cotton owned the fondness of a child For him in se la an to sta , who g d comp y y ” a l ar ass li e one s t nt a 1 Had m de the who e ye p k wee mo h of M y.

The following description of the ﬁ shing- house

was written by a Mr White for Sir John Hawkins , in 1784 : of It is stone , and the room inside a cube of about ﬁfteen feet ; it is also paved with black and

white marble . In the middle is a square black

t The marble able , supported by two stone feet . room is wainscotted with curious mouldings that divide the panels up to the ceiling ; in the larger

of panels are represented , in painting , some the of most pleasant the adjacent scenes , with persons

of ﬁshing ; and in the smaller, the various sorts n tackle and implements used in angling . I the

on further corner the left is a ﬁreplace , with a

on beau et chimney , and the right a large f with

t of folding doors , whereon are the por raits Mr

- Cotton , his boy servant, and Walton in the dress

. on of the time Underneath is a cupboard, the

1 Th e D ve ic has its s r e in th e Hi Pea a few iles o , wh h ou c gh k , m s t of Buxton is for an iles th e un ar et een D r ou h , m y m bo d y b w e byshire ' and Staﬂordshire it alls int the D er ent near N e t n -S lne f o w w o o y .

' I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S 71

of r of door which are the ﬁgu es a trout, and also ” a grayling , well portrayed . The Beresford family trace from John Al Beresford , of Beresford , in the Parish of ston ﬁ eld f 1087 , in the County of Staf ord , in , and from him the descent has continued to the ’ ’ D erb shire L present time (Glover s y , and yson s D erbyshire) The bulk of the Beresford Estates were sold in 168 1 the year , but conveyed back that year into the N family by John Beresford , of ewton Grange , in A Derbyshire . portion of these estates , including

ﬁ shin - u 1825 the g ho se, was sold in to Viscount

ﬁ shin Beresford , and shortly after that date the g house was repaired , and its appearance now corresponds externally with the earliest descrip tions and pictures known of it . In the reign of King Henry VI . a younger branch of the

Beresfords settled at Fenny Bentley , about two i A m les north of shbourne , and the Manor was held by the family for many generations . In the

of c chancel the hurch are various monuments , of erected to members the family , including one n T of particular i terest to homas Beresford, who raised a troop of horse consisting only of his own sons and retainers to ﬁght for Henry VI . in his "l Th f French wars . e present head o the house

1 The monument consists of a square alabaster alta r-tomb with ﬁ res t wo dies envel e in s r s and on the si es t ent gu of bo op d h oud , up d w y 72 I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

of Beresford is the Rev. Gilbert Beresford (see ’ B urke s Peerage for further information of the

family) . In October 1901 the ﬁ shing-house and other to adjoining property was sold Mr Frank Green , ’

T . A of reasurer s House, York letter appeared about that time in the Field newspaper suggest ing that the National Trust for the Preservation of Historic Buildings or some other like body

- should purchase the ﬁ shing house . It has been

stated , however , in the Press , that this property , is preserved from being broken up and developed ” for at least some considerable time to come . Tissington Hall is the seat of Sir Richard Fitz t m Herbert, Bar , whose family has inter arried a frequently with the Beresfords , and certain est tes Of the latter were acquired by the ancestors of the 1 Th present Baronet . e Waterford Beresfords are of a younger branch the English Beresfords , tracing from the sixth son of Thomas Beresford before

mentioned , whereas the English Beresfords trace

from the fourth son . 1808 The Com lete An ler In a copy Of p g , with the bands Of the book made of wood from the

i ilar eﬂi ies for si teen s ns and ﬁ ve a ters it a l n one s m g x o d ugh , w h o g re ev inscription in hexamet er v erses . There a s en other mural monu ments t o the same amil atin r 1516 to 18 15 and a rass to f y, d g f om , b R ichard Beresford Three new windows have recently h e B eres r En lis a il in b een erected by t fo d ( g h) f m y. 1 Tissington h as been in th e Fit z -Herbert family since 1466 (see “ ” ’ w ri n The r as i all s elt Tiscinctuna. Burke s Peerage). wo d o g y p

I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 73

- ﬁ shin £63 . The door of the g house , sold for ’ ﬁ shing- house was reproduced at the World s Fair at Chicago in 189 3 to celebrate the 3 00th anniversary of Walton ’s birthday on 9th August 9 3 18 .

THE FI SHI N G-HOU SE

’ What spot more honoured than this pea ceful place ! l H r C arl T i e n re tr . e e es C tt n san w c ho ou d, u y h o o g, Hilari us—his le- earte s n s t at ran o who h d o g , h g Wit a tr e n te t r t n and c ntr a s h u o , h ough ow ou y w y , W ile the D e tr t—in r s— s las ed t eir raise h ov ou cho u p h h p . Here Walton sat it C tt n in the s a e w h o o , h d , A nd at e him his ﬂies and tless a e w ch d dubb , doub m d

The ti e see s rt it ssi s of old a s. m m ho , w h go p d y T eir ers are enla e a e the r h cyph c d bov doo , ’ And in ea An ler s eart ﬁ rm-set and s re ch g h , u . W ile ri ers run s all t se t in na es en re h v , h ho w m du WALTON and COTTON linked for evermore ’ And Piscatoribus sa r — ere re ﬁ t c um, wh mo A tt for t eir is rt and wit 1 mo o, h w dom , wo h One o Twelve on W S nets b T. S D f y E TWOO . C H A P T E R V I I I

THE LIVES

L ives of great men all remind us We can make our lives s blime u , A nd departing lea ve behind us F t rin ts on the san s ti oo p d of me. L GF W ON ELLO .

O -lit l itnesses God c oud of w , ” S ls the sainte ea ou of d d d . E H A . . TCH

T ere t to be ea t - e s rt in to h ough d h b d wo h go g . G D AW GEOR E SON .

God give us men Men whom the lust of Ofﬁ ce does not kill Men whom the spoils of ofﬁ ce cannot buy ; Men who possess opinions a nd a will M n a n r men ill e e not lie . who h v ho ou , who w O W D H LIVER EN ELL OLMES .

I T has been recently remarked that the biographic memoir was in England a com paratively late growth . Meagre seeds of the modern art of biography were indeed sown within a few years of Shake ’ speare s death , but outside the unique little ﬁeld Of Isaak Walton ’s tillage the ﬁrst sproutings 74

76 I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S mention that this event as narrated has been of the subject of a great deal criticism . It is of 1670 not narrated in the edition , but appears in the fourth edition Of Th e Life of D onne The history of the publication of the Lives is usually given as follows ri In a letter (undated) , w tten by Wotton to Walton as to the promise given by the former to Of l write the life Donne , Wotton says he wi l write again and set down certain general heads , “ wherein I desire information by your loving diligence ; hoping shortly to enjoy your own ever welcome company in this approaching time of the Fly and the Cork . Wotton dying before he could write the life , Walton published his

Li e o D onne 1640 i of f f in , w th a collection his 165 1 sermons . In he published the life of Sir Henry Wotton preﬁxed to the R eliquiae

tt nia ce Wo o n Of which he was also the editor. In 1666 Walton published The Life of R icha rd

“ Hooker of , which he wrote at the request Dr Of L Sheldon, when he was Bishop ondon . In 1670 he published Th e Life of George Herbert L 1678 (together with the other ives) . In he

Li e D r bert S a nder n published The f of R o so . i n Th e L fe of D o ne was at first a mere sketch . Walton was always altering and retouching his not writings , like a true artist finding readily “ a chisel fine enough to cut the breath of his I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 77

“ The L e o thought. and he has well padded if f ff D onne in particular . Baxter was very di erent in this respect ; of one of his books he says “ I scarce ever wrote one sheet twice over, nor stayed to make any blots or interlinings , but was fain to let it go as it was ﬁrst con d ceive . The lives of Hooker and Herbert were written when Walton was residing with Bishop Th Morley at Winchester . e text of the lives of Donne, Wotton , Hooker and Herbert is usually Of 1675 taken from the fourth edition , and the text of the life of Dr Sanderson from the edition T of 1678 . here was a second impression of it 168 1 produced in , which , however, does not contain many alterations from the text of the

ﬁrst edition . ’ Mr T. Westwood s communication to N otes a nd Queri es in 1865 should be read as to his

on i L see 3 rd Opinion the ed tions of the ives ( S .

VIII . , p . He considers no such editions as 1670 1675 and ever appeared , and that the edition 1675 of is really the second collective issue , and he accounts for its being styled the “ fourth on the title page by the fact that two Of the Lives were therein reprinted for the fourth time those of Donne and Hooker. From the beautiful verses written by Cotton 1672 to Walton in , and set out at the end of this 78 I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

m volu e , the reader can get at a glance a very good idea of the lives Of Donne , Wotton , Hooker

as and Herbert, so graphically h Cotton depicted their Characters and appropriated their very L language . But a study of the ives should be made by any reader as yet unacquainted with them

the feather whence the pen Was S a e t at tra ed the li es t ese Men h p d h c v of h good , ’ ” D r e r an An el s in opp d f om g w g, as Wordsworth has in a sonnet so beautifully expressed it . “ T hese all died in faith , not having received the promises , but having seen them and greeted them from afar (Heb . xi .

R are Li es t at s reads to him is i en v h who o , g v T a the r in ts t he rts Hea en o p ce p ec c of cou of v . T W woon . EST .

(a ) JOHN D ONNE

(1573 -163 1)

D ili ent and elie in g b v g. Dr John Donne was born in the Parish of N O L 1573 St icholas lave , ondon , in ; he was a

of L . son John Donne, a ondon merchant His mother was the daughter Of a Mr John Hey

T of . wood . hey belonged to the Church Rome He was sent when in his twelfth year to Hart

I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 79

1 O 159 2 Hall, xford . He was entered in as a ’ student at Lincoln s Inn with the intention of b e rri t r “ coming a ba s e . His tutors were instructed to instil into him particular principles of the Roman “ Church . He early began seriously to survey and consider the body of Divinity as it was then controverted betwixt the Reformed and the

R C . oman hurch Having a good competence, n he spent a large part of it in travelli g abroad . A 1601 runaway match , in , with the third daughter of Losele Sir George More of y in Surrey , caused him to be committed to the Fleet Prison , and also caused him to lose an appointment which to T he held as a secretary Sir homas Egerton ,

of of Keeper the Great Seal England . He sent his wife a letter acquainting her with his dismissal which ended thus “ A John Donne , nne Donne , Undone . The idea Of taking Holy Orders appears to t have ﬁrst been put into his head by Dr Mor on, who became Bishop of Durham , and who at the

- great age Of ninety four , enjoyed , as Walton describes it, perfect intellectuals and a cheerful

1 Hart Hall was so alle rom Elias de Hert ord who live in c d f f , d the rei n of E ar th e First I n h e nam w g dw d . 13 12 t e as changed to Sta ledon H ll I n 1 it w p a . 73 9 as b y a R oyal charter erected into a lle e b th e name of Hert r Co lle e in th e niversit of x r co g y fo d g U y O fo d. 2 D onne was ver on of makin uns on his name I n s m y f d g p . o e verses to Sir Henry Wott on he ends thus “ ’ But if m sel I ve won y f , To n m r les I ave and a e D nne k ow y u h , you h v o . 8 0 I ZAAK WA L TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

heart . It was after much hesitation that Donne “ ” became an ambassador for the God of Glory ; this was due to some irregularities of his life which , having been visible to some men , might, he thought, bring censure upon him and upon the di sacred calling shonour , although he had made his peace with God against them . He was ordained on the Feast of the Conversion of St

on 25th 1615 Paul , the Of January, , by Dr John f L o . King , Bishop ondon

Donne. wrote

I f our s ls a e stain e t eir rst ite et we ou h v d h ﬁ wh , y Ma l t e t e it ait and ear nest y c o h h m w h f h , d ho y, ” W i i tes as nati e rit h ch God mpu v pu y .

He had had great expectations of a Crown

- employment, but he counted all his Court hopes “ ” “ N “ for . ow but loss Christ , says Walton , the English Church had gained a second St Austin ; for I think none was so like him before his A conversion , none so like St mbrose after it, and

inﬁrmities of one if his youth had the the , his age had the excellencies of the other ; the learning And and holiness of both . now all his studies if which had been occasionally d fused , were con N ow centred in Divinity . he had a new calling , l new thoughts, and a new emp oyment for his wit N ow all his f and eloquence . , earthly af ections were changed into Divine love ; and all the faculties

8 2 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

In 1 point is simply to make him a liar. 621 ’ of t Donne became Dean St Paul s Ca hedral , and ’ 1624 of D unstan s W in Vicar St in the est , and t 1 soon af er became the greatest preacher in England . n St Du stan, to whom the church is dedicated , was A of bbot Glastonbury, and rose successively to be Bishop Of Worcester and London (holding both in conjunction for about a year) and Archbishop of

C 9 87. The anterbury , dying in ﬁrst mention Of the

123 The church in Fleet Street is in 7. great ﬁre Of London was arrested within three doors of the

The church . present church was built about the “ 1830. 1630 to year In Donne began die daily . Walton gives an interesting account of how Donne in his illness caused a ﬁgure to be drawn of the body of Christ extended upon an anchor— the emblem Of hope ; many of these ﬁgures thus drawn he had engraved very small in heliotropium or

- 2 . to blood stone , and set in gold He sent them several of his dearest friends to be used as seals

or s . rings , and kept as memorial of him Walton and t e it the a iti n of his si s and tears e resse in his h y, w h dd o gh , xp d ser n did so r n th e a fe ti ns his earers as elte and mo , wo k upo f c o of h , m d ” ani na le sa ness moulded them into a comp o b d . 1 “ Th e greatest preacher of th e seventeenth century the admired ” of all hearers (Coleridge) . 2 The h elotro ium is a er ea ti l s e ies as er and has p v y b u fu p c of j p , ld I l r is a ﬁ ne and been long known to th e wor as a gem. ts co ou str n reen s eti es re and Si le b ut re re entl wit o g g , om m pu mp , mo f qu y h l in i I t is eratel trans arent in t in an admixt ure of b ue t. mod y p h - ie es and is al a s eine l e and S tte it a l red. p c , w y v d, c oud d po d w h b ood Fr m t is its st vi s ara ter it has taine a n our o h , mo ob ou ch c , ob d mo g ” ’ j ewellers th e na me of t he bloodstone (Lewis s Materia Medica ) . I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S 83

h sealed his will with one of these seals . T e reader who would pursue the history of these seals must

Th e Perverse Widow or Memoria ls o consult ; , f

the B oeve F amil Lon mans Co . y y ( g , where all the learning on the subject of these seals l l wi l be found . His il ness left Donne but as much “ ﬂesh as did only cover his bones , but he would

a pre ch , and he amazed the beholders when he appeared in the pulpit to preach what turned out to be his last sermon . Many that then saw his tears , and heard his faint and hollow voice , pro fessed they thought that Dr Donne had preached his own funeral sermon

“ W en ale l s and aint a ents th rea t h p ook f cc of y b h, Presente so to li e t at ie e eat d f h p c of d h, That it was feared and prophesied by all ’ ” T t it er cam st to r a th f neral 1 hou h h p e ch y u . Donne was easily persuaded to have a monu “ ” ment erected to his memory. A choice painter a was t ken into his study, and Donne draped him in r “ self his sh oud and closed his eyes , and , with so much Of the sheet turned aside as might show

- k his lean , pale, and death li e face , which was pur 2 osel u r p y t rned towa ds the East, from whence he expected the second coming of his and Of our ” Saviour Jesus , his portrait was taken . When the u portrait was f lly ﬁnished , he caused it to be set by his bedside , where it continued his hourly

’ ” 1 e Bishop King s El gy on Donne. 2 ’ Th e stat e as now la e in St Pa l s es not l eas t ar u p c d u do ook w d. 84 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

object till his death , after which it was reproduced

N l . in stone by icholas Stone , the famous scu ptor During his last illness Donne fors everal days lay waiting for the appointed hour of his death , then closing his own eyes and disposing his hands and body into such a posture as required not the least alteration by those that came to shroud him 1 “ ’ ” The n O world s beloved Don e , ur Donne ,

on . falling sleep , bade farewell to the world His “ Th Th last words were , y kingdom come, y will be ” done. Death had set the seal Of immortality

ul . upon him, and the beautif had become eternal ’ Donne was buried in St Paul s Cathedral ; many noted persons attended the funeral . His grave was strewed with choice ﬂowers . The next day , writes Walton , after his burial ,

one of some unknown friend , some the many lovers of v l and admirers his irtue and earning , writ this epitaph with a coal on the wall over his grave

R ea er I a m to let t ee n d , h k ow, ’ D onne s body only lies below For could the grave his soul comprise ” Eart l be ri er t an th h wou d ch h e skies.

In N otes a nd Queries I have raised the question

1“ ’ I f I must die I ll snatch at everything That may but mind me of my latest breath ’ D eat s ea s raves nells la s t m s all t ese s all ri n h h d , g , k , b ck , o b , h h b g, Into my soul such useful thoughts of dea th That this noble king of fears S all no a m r h t c tch e una wa es.

I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S 8 5

whether anyone has ever surmised who the un known friend was ! It seems very likely it might 1 have been Walton himself, because we have seen , C in hapter IV. , how fond Walton was of scribbling on l stones and the like , and we have certain y a right to presume he was present at the funeral

L . himself, and in ondon the next day We know he was at Donne’s deathbed shortly before he The died . incident was not narrated by Walton i of unt l over thirty years after the death Donne , and it is most improbable, if not impossible , that the Cathedral authorities would have allowed a writing in coal to have remained unobliterated ; and who except the author would have been likely 2 to remember the lines after that lapse of time Walton never mentions Donne as being an ’ The The An ler s Sure Guide angler. author of g ,

1706 The published in , ascribed a book called

S ecrets o An lin . D . Prac f g g, by J , to that great titioner of A , Master , and Patron ngling , Dr ” The 1811 Donne . real author was , however, in , 3 clearly shown to have been John Dennys .

1 I see Mr sse in his Li e a nd Letters o D onne s ests t is : but Go , f f , ugg h he gives no reasons . 2 Walt n lis e his In e o D onne in 1640 but the e ita in o pub h d f f , p ph i I t is one of the an a diti ns he a e cident is not narrated n it. m y d o m d ter the first lle te e iti n the Li es ublis e in 1670 for it af co c d d o of v p h d , appears for the fi rst time in the fi rst collect ed edition of th e Lives re ’ T ere is an e ita on D r D nne s deat rth published in 1675 . h p ph o h wo ’ is Musarwm B el V l I I readin to b e n in Sir n M enn s icia o . . g, fou d Joh , , “ ” en in He t at l rite an e ita for me. comm c g, h wou d w p ph 3 r n in was fi rst rinted in 1613 The Sec ets of A gl g p . 86 I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

u Donne is said to have been very beautif l ,

l i e. and to have become so after his go den age , . , eighteen

T ine was th later ears so re ne h y y , much ﬁ d ’ ” From youth s dross mirth and wit .

“ His company was one of the delights of man al kind , and his fancy was inimitably high , equ led S only by his great wit , and his melting eye howed ” he had a soft heart . Walton ends his Life of D onne thus He was

of l earnest and unwearied in the search know edge, ul now with which his vigorous so is satisﬁed, and employed in a continual praise of that God that ﬁrst breathed it into his active body ; that body of which once was a temple the Holy Ghost, and is now become a small quantity of Christian dust

B u I S all s it ni a t h ee re a m ted .

Donne’s white marble efﬁgy escaped damage in the great ﬁre of London 1

’ I n Pa l s I l u ook , nd see his stat e in a S eet stone A u h of .

’ His epitaph in St Paul s Cathedral is in

1Hare in his London sa s Out s e re ains save r th e , , y of om m d f om ﬁ re nl one stat e has een i en a la e in the Cat e ral t at o y u b g v p c h d , h of ” Donne.

88 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

I neither had subjected it now to public view , but that I could ﬁnd no certain way to defend it from In the one , but by committing it to the other . the preface Donne says because he thought, as in the 1 of Pool Bethsaida , there was no health till the to water was troubled , so the best way ﬁnd the truth in this matter was to debate and vex it , he abstained not for fear of misinterpretation from

l - this undertaking . He states that Se f homicide is no more against the law of nature than any other sin , and that that cannot be against the law and of nature which men ( he cites many by name) , “ N O ul have affected . Hallam says : one wo d be to induced kill himself by reading such a book , unless he were threatened with another volume ”

ist l n Litera r H or V o . . o . ( y y, II , note p Under the euphonical name of “ Euthanasia the subject was discussed in the F ortnightly Review

r 1873 S ecta tor 15 for Februa y , in the p for the th of 1874 ui February , and q te recently in the r 2 Sp ecta to in February 190 . Anyone interested in Donne should read his

Li e a nd Letters on f , by Mr Gosse, the article him

1 ’ Bethesda is generally given as th e word in St John s Gospel “ 2 th e R ev ise V ersi n ever has the n t e : S e v. d o , how , o om ” an ient aut rities rea Bet saida t ers Bethz atha. B et es a c ho d h , o h , h d

eans th e use of mer B et saida eans the se of ﬁ shin . m ho cy, h m hou g 2 Euthanasia E uthanas ia an easy death was th e ex clamation ” of Augustus ; it was what Antoninus Pius enjoyed (see Cwi osities h o Litera ture V ol. I I I . 228 . Cf Notes and ueries 4t S. X L f , , p . Q , , p. I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 89

by Sir Leslie Stephen in the December number

N a tiona l Review Of 189 9 of the , and Canon ’ Beeching s study Of Walton in his R eligio ’ La ici esso s Li e o D onne and Dr J pp f f . I do not think it has been made out that

Donne was in any way a humbug , as some will two have it. I only here refer to points these “ on so- recent critics touch , viz. , his called con ” version and his sincerity in preaching . It really seems most amusing for pure literary men to be ’ troubling as to the exact date of Donne s real conversion even in their attempt to prove

Walton inaccurate . It may be that Donne was transformed “ at a ” n bound into a sai t , but it is more likely that, as a one literary man and religiously brought up, the change came about through the effect his wife ’s death had upon him . We know that extreme own melancholy marked him for her after it , yet , as Canon Beeching points out, it is possible that his her inﬂuence in life, and not grief at her death , was the cause ofhis conversion

Here the admiring her my mind did whet To See T ee so streams S t eir ea k h , God ; do how h h d ’ B ut tho I a e T ee and T t irst ast fed h v h , hou my h h , l l m t ” A ho y dropsy me ts e ye . Walton writes “ Dr Donne would Often in his private discourses , and Often publicly in his sermons , mention the many changes both of his body and go I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

i of m nd, especially his mind from vertiginous ‘ giddiness ; and would as Often say his great and most blessed change was from a temporal to a ’ Spiritual employment, in which he was so happy that he accounted the former part Of his life to be lost ; and the beginning of it to be from his ﬁrst O entering into Sacred rders , and serving his most ” merciful God at His altar . ’ ’ A of gain , as to Walton s account Donne s

out . preaching being so unreal , no case is made Has no preacher wept over his own composition 1 before or since Donne ’ of C C C ri Dr Cary , Master hrist s ollege , amb dge , ’ of l C 1614 and Dean St Pau s athedral in , as Vice Chancellor preached a funeral sermon for Prince

of I . Henry , son King James , who died young in 1612 “ , when weeping himself, he made all the people weep again and again (College Histories ’ id Christ s Colle e Cambr e . g , g ) Canon Beeching observes A preacher with a faith in God that is hardly removed from sight cannot fail of conveying his belief to his audience even though the matter in hand be dry and

metaphysical , an emphasis , a parenthesis , which in e print attract no attention , may in sp aking have had the effects of a revelation ; for a ﬁre that is r u always smouldering will sooner o later break o t.

1 I a e een t l b one who sai h e had seen it of a an scri t h v b o d, y d , m u p ” i e e ere ri n in he ar in sermon in wh ch th e words Her we p w w tte t m g .

9 2 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

O to leges , xford , he was admitted the Middle T 1 A The emple in 59 5. He became mbassador at Am Hague , and was three times appointed bassador

1604 1615 1621. at Venice , viz . , in , and Going

from Rome he went to Florence , where a romantic The incident befell him . Grand Duke of Florence of had heard a plot against the life of James , then i of K ng Scotland , and he took Wotton into his conﬁdence in the matter ; Wotton disguised him

an of self as Italian, and under the name Baldi

one delivered his message , letting no but James

himself know that he was an Englishman , and after three months departed as true an Italian l as he came thither . ’ Wotton s house in Venice seems to have been “ the resort Of very learned men . Here was seen the purity of the Protestant faith in its own l primitive lustre and native oveliness , recommended of all by its most powerful motives , a practice in its professors perfectly consonant with the rules of the Evangelical code . Wotton was never ashamed to confess Christ before men ; he l attracted and did not repu se , although he had services and sermons in his house after the ” The ff Protestant use . e ect exercised by his personality upon all who met him must have l been indeed magnetic . Father Paul (Peter Pau

1 En lis P li S ls : Winchester Art r F . Lea D g h ub c choo , hu ch ( uck

rt Co. wo h , HENRY WOT I’ON To ace a f p ge 9 2 .

94 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

for the good of his country ! Wotton was

generally impecunious . In a letter he wrote to worthie N u his very friend icholas Pey at Co rt, “ 1615 : The sub stanciall dated in March , he says to for pointe is have money, without that bladder ” we cannot swymme. In a letter written from A A Venice to Sir Walter ston, who was mbassador “ 1621 The at Madrid , dated in February , he says common man heere knowes no other rules of a ” 1 good Prince but bigg loaves . ’ I ll Wotton s lot health was Often , and he ’ suﬂered great pain . He writes that he in “ tended to visit an excellent physician inhabitant ’ l in St Edmund s Burie , whom I brought myse f

eather or from Venice , where (as I suppose surmise) I ﬁrst contracted my inﬁrmities of the ” splene . Shortly before his death he wrote in Latin A “ Pa negyrick to King Cha rles ; being Observations L of ur upon the Inclination , ife and Government o ” late Sovereign. He wrote many books on all sorts of subjects ; his treatise on the E lements of Architecture being f 1624 one o his best. It was published in and has f l been translated into Latin . Some o his beautifu ut verses are set o at the end of this volume . of When asked by a priest the Church of Rome , “ Where was your religion to be found before

1 See the Archceolo i V ol. g a, X L. I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 9 5

” “ L ! 1 i to uther he repl ed , My religion was be n not fou d then where yours is to be found now , in the written Word of God He asked the same “ D O ou all priest, y believe those many thousands r ns Of poor Ch istia were damned , that were ex communicated because the Pope and the Duke of Venice could not agree about their temporal power ! even those poor Christians that knew ” T not why they quarrelled . o which the priest “ ” - . To replied in French, Monsieur, excusez moi “ one that asked him whether a Papist may be ” “ : You saved, he replied may be saved without

. L to l knowing that ook yourse f. But to another “ i : T he gave th s advice ake heed of thinking, the ou o of farther y g from the Church Rome, the

nearer you are to God . ’ He took Deacon s orders late in life, and f 1624 N became Provost o Eton in . ear the end ri n of his life he said to a f end , the learned Joh “ l : Hales , Fellow Of Eton Col ege I now see that I draw near my harbour of death ; that harbour that will secure me from all the future storms and waves of this restless world ; and I praise God l n I am wi li g to leave it, and expect a better ;

1 “ T e ma ask us ere was r reli i n e re L t er! and h y y , wh you g o b fo u h our re l is I n the W r th e li in Go d in th e ree s of A stles p y , o d of v g , c d po and a st li al men and in th e ra ti e of t se itness es wh o in po o c , p c c ho w ev ery age refused to participate in the abominations of Rome ’ Hen M ol Sermons b r elvill Canon o St Paul s Cathedral V . I I . . ( y y , f , , p 100: Rivin tons g , 9 6 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

that world wherein dwelleth righteousness ; and ” I long for it. and He was taken very ill , in the beginning “ of 163 9 of December , his better part, that part ul off Sir Henry Wotton which co d not die , put mortality with as much content and cheerfulness of as human frailty is capable , being then in great l of tranquil ity mind , and in perfect peace with

God and man He died at Eton, and was buried in the College Chapel in accordance with the directions contained in his will in that behalf ” r r should he end his transito y days at o near Eton . By his will he bequeathed to the Library of Eton College all his manuscripts not before dis Of of posed , and to each the Fellows a plain ring of l gold , enamelled b ack , all save the verge, with

t A . his motto within , mor unit omnia Am ongst some of the books given or b e queathed to Eton College by Wotton are a

X eno hon Ovid Codex La n e p , an , known as the g

ba rdions ﬁfteenth - D a nte , a century , and a

- ur Li e o St F ra ncis fourteenth cent y f f , by f Bartholomew o Pisa.

I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 9 7

I l al - i ine The man he d as h f d v .

Frien rien I l e t ee t n n n d of my f d ov h , hough u k ow , ” And l l a ll t ee ein his own bo d y c h , b g , my . W C W . . O PER

C ntent ells not a t C rt o dw ou . Thea lma an d Clear hus c .

t 159 3 George Herber was born in , near the

of of town Montgomery . He was the ﬁfth son of Richard Herbert, a descendant the famous of William Herbert , Earl Pembroke , who lived in the reign of Edward IV. He was educated T C at Westminster School , and at rinity ollege ,

C of . ambridge , which he became a Fellow He 1 12 A 1 . O 1 1 M . 6 6 6 9 B A 16 . was . in , In ctober

O . In 1615 l he became Public rator , whi e at C to ambridge , in a letter his mother , he remarked , that so many poems were written and consecrated own to Venus that , for his part, he had determined that his “ poor abilities in poetry should be all and ’ ” ever cons ecrated to God s glory . His mother was one Of the most talented women of the day, and d Donne wrote in her praise . Over her chil ren she had great inﬂuence . Walton tells us he never “ ” knew Herbert, I have only seen him . He says “ ” he had heard he loved angling . Herbert G D HI S FR I E D S 9 8 I ZAAK WAL TON AN N

fri was ordained in 1626. He was a end Of

Bacon . His poems were published under the title of Th e Temp le S acred Poems a nd Priva te The Ej acula tions . book was issued to the

1633 C I . public in , and read by King harles

al Li e o Herbert when in prison . W ton , in his f f , says his verses were thought so worthy to be “ of preserved, that Dr Duport, the learned Dean

Peterborough , had collected and caused many Of

to l them be printed, as an honourable memoria of ri his f end Mr George Herbert , and the cause ’ he undertook . Richard Baxter loved Herbert s

A Times poetry . writer in the newspaper Of the 1st of August 1902 makes the following excellent remarks upon the poems “ Widely as Herbert is read for the sake of his piety, we doubt whether he is reckoned at his ll The t fu value . temptation is o stop short at

for ff his conceits ; to take them all he has to o er, and to smile or close the book according to the ’ n l T reader s taste and k ow edge . hese conceits are not of the essence ; they are the accidents Of the

l of age, and in particu ar , perhaps , the inﬂuence ’ of his mother s friend , Donne . Beneath them lies subtle and piercing thought, masterly insight into the spiritual nature , rare tenderness , a delight in things of beauty that his asceticism cannot conceal Of and technical attainments the highest order. Herbert wrote a prose sequel to The Temp le as

I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S

attitude of reverence . He is represented also in a window in the chapel itself which was put up

about 1870. It is this former window which was put up on account of the suggestion before

mentioned .

Herbert protested , says Walton , against “ l ministers that hudd e up the Church prayers , ff without a visible reverence and a ection namely, ’ to L or such as seemed say the ord s Prayer, a for Collect , in a breath . But himself, his custom

to C was stop betwixt every ollect , and give the

people time to consider what they had prayed, f t God and to force their desires af ec ionately to , ” before he engaged them into new petitions . He l was a good musician . Cathedra music greatly affected him— “ it elevated his soul and was with ” prayer his Heaven upon earth . He wrote to to Resort sermons , but prayers most.

Walton , however, narrates that by his order the

reading pew and pulpit were , in a church he

served , a little distant from each other, and both “ of an equal height ; for he would often say : They should neither have a precedency or priority of the

other ; but that prayer and preaching , being ul equally usef , might agree like brethren , and ” have an equal honour and estimation . Herbert dedicated himself afresh to a life for God on of C taking the preferment Bemerton hurch , near C ’ Salisbury . owper s words apply to his case I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S

I t irst but not as n e I did h , o c , The vain delights of earth to share Th n s E an el all r i y wou d , mm u , fo b d l That I should seek my p easures there.

“ He said on the night of his induction : I now n look back upon my aspiring thoughts , and thi k myself more happy than if 1 had attained what 1 And then I so ambitiously thirsted for. I can C now behold the ourt with an impartial eye , and nl of see plai y that it is made up fraud and titles , and ﬂattery, and many other such empty , imaginary i pa nted pleasures ; pleasures that are so empty, as not to satisfy when they are enjoyed . But in God l and His services , is a fu ness Of all joy and An d I l pleasure, and no satiety. wi l now use all my endeavours to bring my relations and de pendents to a love and reliance on Him , who u never fails those that tr st Him . But above all, I r if will be sure to live well, because the vi tuous l e of a clergyman is the most powerful eloquence to persuade all that see it to reverence and love , and a i A nd at le st to des re to live like Him . this I ill w do , because I know we live in an age that hath more need of good examples than precepts .

1 N ot always turned His soul to Heaven the splendours of th e Court Daz le his t and the air n less drea s z d you h, f bou d m ” u l e Of yo thfu hop . ir I O IS A Vision o Sa ints b S L S M . f , y EW RR I ZAAK WA L TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

He thought much as to the clergy living well ; he said it would be a cure for the wickedness and growing atheism of the age if they themselves l l “ wou d be sure to live unblamab y, and if the digniﬁed clergy especially which preach temper ul ance, wo d avoid surfeiting and take all occasions to express a visible humility and charity in their ” lives . We read that the Sunday before his death

l one he rose up and cal ed for Of his instruments , and , having tuned it, played and sang his beautiful hymn beginning z

’ The S n a s l u d ys of Man ife.

When the end was near he fell into a sudden agony . His wife asked him how he felt , and he replied that he had passed a conﬂict with his last of enemy, and had overcome him by the merits his

Master Jesus . Having given certain directions “ : now as to his will , he said I am ready to ” “ L not die , and ord , forsake me now my strength faileth me : but grant me mercy for the merits An d L — of . L re my Jesus now ord ord, now ” A nd ceive my soul . with those words he

calmly pa ssed away. He was very happily of C of married to a daughter harles Danvers , l Baynton , Wiltshire , a near relation Of the Ear

of no . Danby , but had issue O Herbert is buried in Bemerton Church . n his death the following verses were found wrapped

1 04 I ZAAK WAL TON A N D HI S FR I E ND S

grammar school there . He proceeded to Corpus O ri C . Ch sti ollege , xford It is not within the plan of this book to say much about him . He was no

was un angler so far as we know . His marriage his i to fortunate , and w fe appears have been a foe “ ” w . to his life, and a clo nish silly woman Her maiden name was Churchman Hooker was e Master Of the Temple from 158 1 to 159 1. Th or t T reader lecturer there was one Wal er ravers ,

l -C ni a man Of U tra alvi stic and Presbyterian views , “ ” of but a man learning and good manners , and the controversy between them on theology became

s : Th e ul r very acute . Fuller ays p pit spake pu e Canterbury in the morning and Geneva in the ” afternoon . In their disputations Travers seems from all accounts to have come off more than 1595 conqueror. In Hooker became Rector of

Bishopsbourne , near Canterbury. He was a most l exemp ary parish priest, and noted for his great of n humility . His fame course rests o his

tica l P lit Ecclesia s o . y Mr Bayne , the latest writer on Hooker, insists that Hooker wrote under the inﬂuence of Calvin, and that Calvin , the leading r theologian Of the Sac amentarians, did not hold what are called “ low what Hooker calls “ — ’ cold views of the Lord s Supper (see The Pilot a 3 , Janu ry , ’ The reader is referred to Hallam s Constitutiona l History and to his Litera ry History for informa RICHA RD H OOKER ace a f p g e 104 .

1 06 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S sisteth not in knowing many things , nor even in knowing them thoroughly ; but in Choosing and in following what conduces the most certainly to our

. And lasting happiness and true glory this wisdom , ”

L . my ord of Verulam, cometh from above “ On his deathbed Hooker said : I have lived to see this world is made up of perturba tions , and I have been long preparing to leave

i of it , and gather ng comfort for the dreadful hour

a re making my account with God, which I now pp hend to be near : and though I have by His grace loved Him in my youth , and feared Him in mine

of age , and laboured to have a conscience void ff to O O ence to Him and all men ; yet if thou, L to h ord, be extreme mark w at I have done amiss , ! who can abide it and , therefore when I have i L to l fa led , ord , show mercy me , for I p ead not my righteousness but the forgiveness of my un to righteousness for His merits , who died pur ” chase pardon for penitent sinners . And l now, says Wa ton , in exquisite language, “ t u Le me here draw his c rtain, till with the most

s of A gloriou company the Patriarchs and postles , N C n the most oble army of Martyrs and o fessors,

s e thi most l arned , most humble holy man, shall l also awake to receive an eterna tranquillity, and with it a greater degree of glory than common ” Christians shall be made partakers of. ’ l f Hooker s papers and manuscripts were e t , it I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 1 0 7

of u is narrated, in a state great conf sion at his and to death , some appear have been purposely

or of burnt by, at the least with the privity , his ’ wife . Hooker s wife married again and died of suddenly within ﬁve months his death . In ll oane his wi Hooker made J Hooker, my well ri beloved wife , sole execut x (he wrote executor) , n of his will . Hallam thinks all the stories o this subject given in the Life of Hooker by Walton

(who , he says , seems to have been a man always too ul of n cred ous anecdote) , are u satisfactory to

a Litera r Histor anyone who exacts re l truth ( y y,

l . V o . . II , Part II , Chapter ’ “ ul F ler states that Hooker s voice was low , stature little , and gesture none at all in the ” pulpit. 1600 Hooker died at Bishopsbourne in , and m was buried there, where a monu ent was erected

1634 T of to his memory in . here is a bust him by the west wall Of the south aisle Of the Temple

C L . hurch in ondon Hooker left four daughters , two of whom married ; his family were left very ll i provided for. ’ ﬁr i 1670 of Hooker s L e In the st ed tion ( ) if , 1890 by Walton , his portrait appears . In his portrait, by a painter uncertain, was presented to N the ational Portrait Gallery . 108 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S

EPI TAPH TO HOOKER

B Y

SIR WILLIAM COOPER

Though nothing can he spoke worthy his fame Or t he re e ran e t at re i s na e m mb c of h p c ou m , 1 Judicious Hooker : t hough this cost b e spent On him t at at a lastin n ent , h h h g mo um I n his own s et t we to e ress book y ough xp , rt ur res e t lness I f not his wo h yet o p c fu . Church ceremonies he maintained then why Without all ceremony should he die ! Wa s it becau se his life and death should be Both equal p attern s of humility ! Or that perhaps this only glorious one Was a e all to ask had he n ne ! bov , , why o Y et he t a t la so l n s rel low h y o g ob cu y , a n r D oth now preferred to gre ter ho ou s go. A iti s men learn en e to b e re ise mb ou , h c mo w , Humility is the true way to rise : And in me t is less n did ins ire God h o p ,

To bid this le man Frien Sit i er. humb , d, up h gh

(e) R OBERT SAN D ERSON (1587-1663)

al a The Lord will bea utify the meek with s v tion. PSA li 4 LM cx x . . Sanderson was the youngest son of Robert

Gilthwaite . The Sanderson , of Hall , Yorkshire place of his birth is uncertain . Walton says he of was born at Rotherham , in the county York ,

“ 1 r i i s in aria l a lie to H er was ta en The wo d jud c ou , v b y pp d ook , k from this epitaph .

I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 1 09

t 1606 but this is admitted o be wrong . In we of L C O ﬁnd him a Fellow incoln ollege , xford , and 1611 of in he was ordained by Dr King , Bishop

L . ondon . We never read that he was an angler He was given the living of Boothby Pagnell in L C incolnshire , and became haplain to King C A of harles I . He married nne , daughter the N L n Rev. Henry elson , Rector of Haugham , i coln h shire . T e Parliamentarians compelled him to alter the form of the prayers read in his church . As he refused to take the Solemn League and C ovenant his living was sequestered . Some say he wrote (but this is rather doubtful) the prayer in the Book of Common Prayer for all sorts and con di n tio s of men and also the General Thanksgiving . Walton says that the three Ofﬁces added at the C C Savoy onference to the Book Of ommon Prayer, A f viz . : Form of Humiliation or the Murder of C A T King harles the Martyr, hanksgiving for the our for Restoration of his Son King , and the

of A e or Baptising Persons of Riper g , were formed worded more by S anderson than any single man Of C the onvocation . It is agreed by all writers that he composed the preface to the Book of

C . see ommon Prayer (on the subject Proctor, h on of C W ately, and Barry the Book ommon

e : Pray r) . Sanderson left the following direction I do absolutely renounce and disown whatsoever ” shall be published after my decease in my name . rI o I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

After his death his N ine Ca ses of Conscience Occa siona lly D etermined were published with

other of his writings . Few now read the writings

of this very learned prelate and great casuist . Walton dedicated his Life of Sa nderson to George of Morley when he was Bishop Winchester, and states that his own friendship with Sanderson began “ forty years past when I was as far from a thought as a desire to outlive him ; and farther ” to from an intention write his life , and he expressed his thanks to the Bishop for having

Chillin worth introduced him to Sanderson , g and At w Hammond . the Restoration Sanderson as L made Bishop Of incoln . e Sanderson in his will, aft r commending his

ul of Al God so into the hands mighty , professed

that as he lived so he desired to die , in the of of Communion the Church England . He mentions the danger the Church was in from f “ the great increase o Popery . By his will “ : AS he directed to my corruptible body , I to bequeath it the earth whence it was taken , to be decently buried in the Parish Church of

Buckden , towards the upper end of the Chancel ,

or - on u — upon the second, the f rthest the third day after my decease ; and that with as ” And little noise , pomp , and charge as may be . he gave further instructions for carrying out his funeral in a simple style which would have vastly

1 1 2 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

’ l Tis too to better ife . now late wish that mine may be lik e his ; for I am in the eighty -ﬁfth year

of Go d n : my age , and k ows it hath not but I

s Al most humbly be eech mighty God , that my

: do death may and I as earnestly beg, that if any reader shall receive any satisfaction from

r n a nd ill this ve y plai , as true relation , he w be so ”

to A . i charitable as say, men He was very happ ly married to a wife that made his life happy “ by being always content when he was cheerful ; that was always cheerful when he was content ; that v of di ided her joys with him , and abated his

of sorrow, by bearing a part that burden , a wife that demonstrated her affection by a cheerful u Obedience to all his desires , d ring the whole course of his life . di 1663 Sanderson ed in January , leaving his fﬁ wife and a family insu ciently provided for. L Th His portrait is at incoln Palace . e curious may care to be referred to a book entitled A

D ia lo ue between I saa c Wa lton a nd Homolo istes g g , in which the character of Bishop Sanderson is A of defended against the uthor the Confessional . C H A P T E R I X

— “ LOVE AND TR UTH THEALMA AND CLE ARCHUS

A little l in li t li e a s ade. g oom g gh , much k h

Fa ir ueen Bk . I . C. I I . St . 14 . y Q , , ,

THIS book does not pretend to give a list Of all ’ its Walton s various writings ; chief Object is, as a before st ted , to enamour those who hitherto have

- known but little of Walton , with his life character and writings ; and at the same time to give some fresh information and ideas to those who already know something about the subject . To the literary Waltonian I hope this chapter may not prove destitute of interest.

(a ) AS TO THE TREATISE ENTITLED LOVE AND ” TR UTH

In 1675 a pamphlet known by the name of The “ ” Na ked Truth rose like a comet over the “ theological world ; its full title was The Naked

T Th e T C ruth or, rue State of the Primitive hurch , by an Humble Moderator . Although anonym ous fe , its mani st ability at once attracted notice , H 1 1 4 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S while the comparative lull in this kind Of litera ture , which had followed upon the Restoration , may perhaps have contributed to the interest ” 1 which this tractate excited . It is supposed to have been written by Herbert Th C . e roft, Bishop of Hereford chief Object Of the pamphlet was to suggest a scheme for includ ing the nonconformists within the Established 2 ’ C ur . T of h ch Dr Francis urner, Master St John s C C ollege , ambridge (who became successively of Bishop Rochester and Ely , dying in wrote in 1676 a reply entitled Anima dversions on a

' Pam hlet entitled Th e N a ked Truth adO tin the p , p g view that learning and culture were absolutely essential for the clergy . Am ong other writers on the subject were Bishop Burnet and Andrew

to Marvell , the latter advising the bishops correct many abuses that had sprung up , and insisting that a good life is a clergyman ’s “ best syllogism and the ” quaintest oratory. “ A t i Z th s critical period , says Dr ouch , Walton expressed his solicitude for the real

of n welfare his cou try , not with a view to embarrass himself in disputation— for his nature

’ 1 l His ries t J n See C l e e t S oh s Ca ri e. o g o , mb dg 2 Edward Stillingﬂeet (Bishop of Worcester) had in 1662 repub lish ed The I renicum suggesting that th e form of Church Government was little nse uen e D r Cr t st ave rea it and also of co q c ; of mu h d , ’ probably Henry More s Mystery of Godliness published in 1660and li I t e ls repub shed in 1662. d a with Church matters in these days regarded as indifferent by many.

1 1 6 I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

“ to the Holy life and happy death Of George l Herbert, as it is plain y and I hope truly writ ” by Mr Isaac Walton . Of course this reference may possibly have been made in order to deceive

the world as to Walton being the writer. There are only two Copies of Love a nd Truth in the British Museum ; one is of the edition Of 1680

- 40. . (Press mark c . c and the other is of the

of 1795 - 4 105 The edition (Press mark , has ll former edition a MS . note by Wi iam “ : The Pickering in it, which runs thus present is the only Copy I have met with after twenty ’ years search , excepting the one in Emmanuel —W of l C . C ER N G. A Col ege , ambridge . PI K I copy

Love a nd Truth of is in a volume tracts , formerly ’ A Sancroft s C Cam rchbishop , in Emanuel ollege ,

bridge ; in the MS . contents at the beginning of A the volume is written , probably by rchbishop

Sancroft : Walton J . two letters on ye distempers ’ Zouch s for of ye times , which is Dr authority

The O attributing them to Walton . opy described above appears to be the same edition as the r present, but has the following va iation , after the title-page is printed : The Author to the Stationer “ &c Mr Brome , and ends with your friend N N without the which is found in this copy , but what is more remarkable the printed word Author is run through and corrected with a pen and over it written Publisher, which is evidently in the hand I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 1 1 7

Of I writing Walton , from which infer that its advertisement may have been written by Walton and the work probably seen through the Press and

C A Sancroft the opy given by Walton to rchbishop , but I do not believe that the two letters were

see Li e N written by Walton ( his f by icolas , p . Although Dr Zouch has conﬁdently asserted that hi — they are his by m W. P . It is unlikely that further light will be forth coming as to who the real author of this treatise

Wi was ; I ll however, remark that Walton was no resident citizen of London in To judge from internal evidence only it would seem highly probable it was written by Walton , as so many of his words and phrases occur in it, and the style , sentiment and argumentation are similar, as even a cursory perusal of it will show . Lowell “ writes The evidence internal and external that he was the author seems to me conclusive . N 0 ’ help towards solving the difﬁ culty is aﬂorded by ’ the writer of Walton s life in the D ictiona ry of

N a tiona l B io ra h s g p y, the treati e not being even ! l mentioned or referred to My difﬁcu ty is , that if Walton wrote the work I think he would only have been too glad to tell the world he did so ,

C I V. for the reasons given in hapter , but Dr

1 This manuscript note was most courteously copied out and sent m um a t rities to e by the British Mus e u ho . 2 And he was not S O in 1668 or 1679 the ea rs in i th e , y wh ch et ers ere res ec tivel ritten l t w p y w . 1 1 8 I ZAAK WA L TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

Zouch thinks “ his modesty precluded him from annexing his name to the treatise ! There are parallel passages in the treatise and in other writings admitted by all to have been written by ’ Walton set out in Shepherd s Wa ltonia na

which , as I have before said , give strong internal evidence that Walton was the author of the two ’ Z ouch s L letters . edition Of the ives was brought out 179 6 re- 1807 in , and was issued in and (with

of Love and Truth 18 17 Li e o inclusion ) , in ; his f f

Wa lton 1823 re- was published in , and was issued 1825 in .

“ (b) As To THEALMA AND CLEARCHUS

1683 Th ea lma and Clea rchus a Pastora l In ,

Histor in Smooth a nd E a sie Verse y, , was published

by Walton . If curiosity is aroused over Love a nd Tru th it is more so over this work . Who was John C ri ! halkhill , by whom it was said to have been w tten “ He is said on the title-page to have been an ” acquaintance and friend of Edmund Spencer . But 159 9 Spenser died in , when Walton was ﬁve years ! A C Old mystery is here ; JO. halkhill signed two

om let An l r songs to be found in The C p e g e . A Walton had connections of the name . John 1 9 T Chalkhill died at Winchester in 67 . his is all

too wonderful . We do not offer any suggestion as to this literary mystery , but it seems rather hard

1 20 I ZAAK WAL TON A N D HI S FR I E ND S innocent and prudent : and indeed his whole life u was useful , q iet, and virtuous . God send the or Story may meet with, make all Readers like I him. . W.

Ma th 16 8 y 7 , 7 .

This preface is followed by some verses ad T dressed by homas Flatman , the poet , to Walton , “ : O including the following lines Happy ld Man , t ” whose wor h all mankind knows , and

Hen e did he n the A rt of livin ell c k ow g w , The bright Thealma was his Oracle : I ns ire her he n s no an i s ares p d by , k ow x ou c , ’ Thro near a Century of pleasant years Easie he li es a nd eer l s all he die v , ch fu h . W ll s n late P sterit e poke of by o y .

Th e ending of Thea lma a nd Clea/rchus is thus ne er ear it v f ,

Th alma li es e v .

I cannot ﬁnd that the ph ases used in this poem are similar to those Walton uses in his other writings . I can see no internal evidence at all that he was the author, such as there is in

Love a nd Truth the case of , to go towards Z showing he wrote that work . Dr ouch , however, considers “ the internal evidence in the poem itself is strongly corroborative of tho Opinion as to the n l l ! l u ity of Chalkhi l and Wa ton It must fol ow, if I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 1 2 1

al we think W ton was the author, that he also wrote the beautiful poems in Th e Comp lete Angler

see n signed by the name of Jo . Chalkhill ( o the

Of N otes a nd ueries 4th . subject this book Q , S

9 3 5 . 3 65 8th X I . . th . . . I . IV , p , S III , p , and S , pp C H A P T E R X

’ WALTON S D EATH

A RCESSI TU S AB A NGELIS

La s t s ene all t at en s t is st an e e ent l ist r . c of h d h r g , v fu h o y

Wouldst see D ecember smile ! Would st see nests of new roses grow ” I n a bed of reverend snow l R A D C AS AW ICH R R H .

” 1 e I n the midst of D eath we are in Lif .

He was a man among the few ’ Sincere on virtue s side And all his stren t r S ri t re re g h f om c p u d w, T li o hourly use a pp ed .

His s be ine ea rea er ries joy m ch d c , When my last hour arrives T e S all be rs erse re lies h y h you , my v p , ” S l r li s uch on y b e you ve .

C . W. OOPER

’ WE know no particulars about Walton s death we only know that he died on the 15th of 168 3 December , at the time Of the great frost

1 The Eagle Lectern in Lambeth Palace Chapel b ears this motto ’ see rchbisho ens s L e b his so V ol I I A B on n . . . ( p if , y , , p I 2 2

1 24 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

such a load of happiness , that Ofttimes my very soul is faint with bearing up the blessed burden . In fancy we can imagine Walton “ babbling of green ﬁelds and thanking God for long and happy days , for friends made and kept , for learning won and knowledge gained ; but above all for the redemption of the world by our Lord

o . Jesus Christ, and for the hope of gl ry Walton was buried amidst some of the virtuous l and the greatly wise , and lies under a marble s ab in ’ Prior Silkstead s Chapel in Winchester Cathedral :

I n the rea t inste r transe t g m p , W ere li ts li e l ries all h gh k g o f , And the r an rin s and the s eet ir Sin s o g g , w cho g , l ” A long the emblaz oned wal .

D R A LE xAND E R. ’ WA LTON S TOMB I N WINCHES TER CA THED RA L

To a ce f page 1 24.

1 26 I ZAAK WAL TON A ND HI S FR I E ND S

’ Com ete An ler will be found in Mr Marston s ﬂ g ,

referred to before . ’ In ff St Mary s Church , Sta ord , may be seen ’ s Walton s bu t by Belt, which was erected by public subscription in 1878 . In 18 88 , by the permission of Dean Kitchin , a small statue of Walton was placed in the Great

Screen in Winchester Cathedral . It was the work of Miss Mary Grant . ’ D unstan s L In St Church , ondon , a Walton memorial window was put up in 18 9 5 . It was P designed by Messrs ercy Bacon and Brothers ,

The of N O . ewman Street , xford Street central ﬁgure on the window is a copy of the statue of Walton in the Cathedral Screen at Win

O of chester. n the right side are portraits

on Donne , Hooker and Sanderson , and the left

of side are portraits Wotton , Ken and Herbert and in the trac ery are depicted angels holding scrolls of the virtues and the arms of St Dunstan ’ f The and o the Ironmongers Company . centre quatrefoil contains the intertwined monograms Th . e 1 of Walton and Cotton window cost £ 00.

Cotton is given no place in the window . N 0

one ever heard that Ken was an angler, and it seems quite out of keeping with the memorial to have included this great hymn -writer and good man in the group to the exclusion of

Cotton . ’ O IA I D O I N S T D U NSTAN S U O O E L CH CH, FLEET S T EET L D M M R W N W R R , N N

a Toface p ge 1 26.

1 2 8 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

l his name Izaak , he and others sometimes spe ling it “ ” “ ” with a k and sometimes with a c . In the Prayer-book his son the Canon spells it with a “ ” The C own c . anon himself spelt his name ” “ In with a c . his marriage licence in the C l 27th anterbury Episcopa Register, dated the of 1626 l December , Wa ton signs his name with a “ c but his will is signed with a k . ’ Histor o E n la nd V OL I In Macaulay s y f g , , C II I on hapter , there is a note the paragraph as to the scarcity of books in country houses in the year 1685 which seems misleading . It is stated :

C o An ler ott n seems , from his g , to have found room for his whole library in his hall window ; l and Cotton was a man of letters . I fai to ﬁnd C the authority for the statement . In hapter

of . The Com lete An ler X . Part II of p g , Piscator “ : l says Wa k but into the parlour, you will find one book or other in the window to entertain you the while but surely this is a poor authority to quote to show that Cotton had but few books and that he kept all he possessed in his hall window ! With a curious desire to discover defects in ’ Walton s character I have made careful search . The charge against him of cruelty as a fisherman The has been referred to in Chapter III . charge “ ’ on one hufi of his having been occasion y, too brought against him by Franck , is almost I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 1 29

l chi dish to mention , since the occasion was merely a discussion between them as to Gesner, D ubravius and Aldrovandus being better “ authorities as to pickerel weed than him self.

The fact is Franck was very dogmatic , and probably Walton was piqued if not exasperated by him . I give one instance of the former being A himself a formal opinionist . fter giving certain directions for the composition of a salmon ﬂy he said Should any man, under the pretence of an

ualiﬁca artist, remain destitute of these printed q tions , proclaim him a blockhead ; let him angle ” for oisters . It is right to mention that Franck i u was a sk lf l salmon angler . Walton is Often said to have made a mistake in writing , as he did when near the end of his life , of

Ben inﬁ rmities Jonson , with reference to his ; but considering his letter was written to his friend

o n A re J h ubrey, the antiquary, in reply to a i quest for nformation about Jonson, there was in no impropriety Walton telling all he knew.

Subject as aforesaid, as lawyers write , and if it be conceded that Walton was guilty of several little literary deceptions , and frankly allowing he was to some extent a plagiarist , and

s a expanded unconsciou ly , I confess I c nnot

ﬁnd any ﬂaw in his character . I have never seen it Observed what a pity it is 1 3 0 I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S

C t otton did not write a biography of Wal on , which , as he survived him four years , there was ample

Le Gallienn time for him to do . Mr e in his edition of The Comp lete Angler ( 189 7) remarks that C anon Isaak Walton , in his long quiet life in u Salisb ry Close , might surely have written some

of notes a father to whose biographical faculty ,

and consequent acceptability with bishops , he owed ” his canonry . One of the last editions Of Th e Comp lete “ Angler I have seen is called the Winchester 1902 Edition , published in , by Freemantle ,

A . and edited by Mr George . B Dewar, who “ has discovered the lease of N orington farme which Walton in his will gave to his son

Isaak . There is a great deal Of learned and interesting ’ information as to Donne s seals in The Perverse

Widow or Memoria ls o the B oeve F amil ; , f y y

before mentioned. I only remark here that ’ many gifts passed between Walton s friends

in the way Of seals . Donne sent Herbert a n C seal depicti g hrist upon an anchor, which Donne adopted in lieu of the crest of his

of family , which was a sheaf snakes

’ A ted in s a il a nd so dop God f m y, M Old at l t w s int ne A r s I o. y co o , o m g

Walton sealed his will with one of these seals

1 3 2 I ZAAK WAL TON A N D HI S FR I E ND S

stituted by the title of the Walton and Cotton Club

T C Es hat harles Harvey , q , be the ﬁrst and

modern President of the Club . “ T Es hat Michael Bland , q , be the ﬁrst Vice

Tr . President , easurer, and Secretary “ T t hat the above Gentlemen , together wi h the of N Reverend Jeremiah Ives , orwich , be declared

of the Founders the said Club .

At a meeting of the Walton and Cotton Club ’ T on 26th held at the Freemason s avern, the r 1840 of Ma ch , it was proposed and carried , that a Committee consisting of the following Gentlemen be appointed to revise the Rules and Regulations of the Club

Es . Edward Jesse , q ; William Dunn , Esq

A . Es . Es William R Collett , q ; Jenkins , q ; rn her E . Pa s . t William Yarrell , q ; R G ; William

Pickering , Esq . “ The 8 of A Committee met on the th pril , and the ensuing Rules and Regulations were submitted

of to the General Meeting the Club , and con

ﬁrmed .

T n l of hen , followi g the ist members , it is stated that

The object of this Club being to promote and I ZAAK WAL TON A N D HI S FR I E ND S I 3 3

’ ‘ u An improve the delightf l Science of gling , it is of hoped that , following the example those eminent C men , Walton and otton , every Member will study ad to ensure the Harmony thereof, by a steady herence to T Good humour, emperance , and Sobriety ; gratefully sensible of the Blessings of C t that ons itution of Government, which, while it

our protects our Rights , permits us , with Brethren ,

‘ quietly to go a -ﬁ shing

T out hen are set ten ordinary club rules , the seventh providing that any visitor introduced to dinner was to be a gentleman attached to “ the ’ ” T C . ontemplative Man s Recreation his club , so

no N otes far as I can discover, longer exists (see h 9 t . a nd ueries . . Q , S XI , p There appears to have been a Walton and Cotton Club founded at Cambridge in 1825 ; but my letter addressed there has been returned through L O the Dead etter fﬁce .

The Com lete An ler Bethune , in his edition of p g ,

e the of The t lls us about formation a club , called L T C ” ake Piseco rout lub , for anglers who ﬁshed the waters in Hamilton county, in the northern

of of N ew part the State York , and that they had “ erected a ﬁ shing- lodge and named it Walton ” l of Hal , in honour their patron saint, with convenient rooms for each member of the ” Club . I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

T here is an amusing letter to Walton , written by Mr Andrew Lang in his Letters to D ead A uthors ’ Lon mans ( g , which recognises Walton s kindliness and acknowledges the stability of his religion . It has been much debated whether Walton smoked . Some infer by a curious construction ,

to The Com as it seems me , of a sentence in p lete A ngler that he did ; others again quote “ ’ on oison d the line in his elegy Donne , as p ” to fumes do waste the braine, show he did The not . poet and the man are often very different beings ! We know from his own words that Cotton obtained his tobacco from L ondon , but he wrote a crushing satire against l its use . Walton tel s us that Wotton had taken tobacco “ somewhat immoderately ” He and Isaac Barrow are both instances of men “ who died of the poisons that most sweetly

slay . I fear we must for ever guess in vain on how “ many of the prints and pickters and littell things speciﬁcally bequeathed to his son the or Canon, Walton had emblazoned his name

initials . One likes to know that Virgil wore a e patched shoes , that Hor ce had no gilt cornic s

1 l e t Barrow ca l d obacco his wav¢apptaxom He is supposed to hav e learned t he use of it where he found the Opium which killed him at last in Tur e see his L e ames Ha ilt n , k y ( if by J m o ,

I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

i Walton did not make his ﬁshing pay . It s ” of ff a good beginning your art , he writes , to o er

u ﬁ rst - yo r fruits to the poor , who will both thank ” And “ God and you for it. again we read Having caught more ﬁsh than will sup myself and my ou friend , I will bestow this upon y and your ” 1 daughter, for I use to sell none . Walton was very fond of backing his opinion ; but it does not appear that money really passed . “ ” Sometimes it is twenty to one if he had taken “ up a certain rod ; then it is an even lay as to which rod catches , and at another time it is “ twenty to one on his catching the biggest of some twenty chubs .

Mr F . C . Burnand has written a funny book

The I ncom lea t An ler A entitled p g (Bradbury, gnew consisting of amusing conversation between A Piscator , Venator and uceps and others ; it is well worth perusing . The question has been raised by Mr Marston l whether Wa ton kept a horse . He observes Walton could not go from London ﬁshing “ by ’ L train or tram or bus , as the modern ondoner does Certainly Walton once refers to “ my horse when referring to baits for bream . How

ever, the question seems hardly worth pursuing ,

l ’ Walton tells us that D r N ow ell ( 1507 D ean of St Paul s Cat e ral who was a reat an ler s all est e all his ﬁ sh h d , g g , u u y b ow d ” am n st the r o g poo . I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 1 3 7 but the following fancy conversation written by I m r ti . L a ina Conversa ons W . S andor in his g y ,

Vol IV. , is interesting , lt Wa on. . Hold my mare , son Cotton I will try whether my whip can reach the window, when

I have mounted the bank . “ otton ! C . Curious the middle of a street to be lower than the side by several feet . People L ” l A would not believe it in ondon or Hull . gain l we read ; I never cou d have believed , master

a out Iza k , that you would have trusted your tackle “ of your own hand and Walton says : Without — cogent reason , no indeed ; but let me whisper. I told youngster it was because I carried a

- rod hunting whip, and could not hold that and ” too . The play -writer has not forgotten to make

Walton the subject for a drama . I possess a booklet printed from the prompter’s copy by

The Charles Dance (Chapman Hall) . dedica “ tion runs as follows : To the President and

The C Members of Walton Cotton lub, the following humble tribute to the memory of their ’ aa revered Father and Friend , honest Iz k Walton , is especially dedicated by their very obedient

C . Servant, harles Dance It is written from the

C 1st ul 183 9 . Garrick lub, and dated J y ’ N Walton s portrait, formerly in the ational

e is ur e The scen Ash bo n . 1 38 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

18 9 8 Gallery , was in July deposited in the N ational Portrait Gallery . It was painted by Jacob 1656 Huysman ( a Dutch artist , who was

o A . b rn at ntwerp, and settled in England He was the rival as a portrait painter of Sir Peter “ L O of t ely. ne the portrai s among the Windsor ” now C Beauties , at Hampton ourt, was painted by ’ - C him, also an altar piece in the King s hapel , St ’ L James s . He died in ondon . “ The portrait has been thought to show mild n complacency, forbearance , mature consideratio , calm activity , peace , sound understanding, power of thought, discerning attention , and secretly ” active friendship .

There are several portraits of Charles Cotton .

The L portrait by Sir Peter ely, now in the m possession of the writer, was for erly in the

of his n possession great u cle , John Beresford , of A one to shbourne , and it is the be found ’ ’ C Nicolas s opied in Sir Harris , and Baxter s

m lete A n ler edition of The Co p g . Sir Peter Lely ( 1618 - 1680) became intimate with Charles II . and painted many beauties of his

1679 . Court . He was knighted in He died ’ ul suddenly , and was buried in St Pa s Cathedral , where a monument was erected to his memory .

He married and had two children .

The real lover of Walton will enjoy the

C H A P T E R X I I

SHOR T sxnr' cnns or SOME FAMOUS ECCLE SIASTICS ’ WHO WERE WALTON S FRIEND S

L e and estee are the ﬁ rst rin i les rien s i ov m p c p of f d h p, which always is imperfect where eithe r of these two is ” antin . 20 3 85 The S e ta tor. w g , , p c

“ I n companions T at n erse and aste the ti e t et er h do co v w m og h , W ose s ls hear a n e al e l e h ou do qu yok of ov , There must be needs a like proportion Of linea ents o a f nners and s irits . m , m , of p

Merchan t of Venice.

“ Life is never ﬁnished in its purpose and idea ; and its ”— r is at est but a ra n JAMEs M A . wo k b f gme t . ARTINE U

I N his youth and early manhood Walton appears to “ of ri have had the power to make troops f ends , and he possessed the still greater power of keep ing them . We have seen in a former chapter he was very particular whom he would reckon as his friends ; his will shows he had many who survived him , though he outlived nearly all of the most famous of them . 1 4 0 I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 14 1

I now give concise biographical sketches of f some o them .

A nd we may w ell wonder h ow many more sons of Memory — must he not ha ve known or seen in all those years so populous ” with men justly famous . I have dived into a multitude of books to gain I think my information, and that certain matters not generally known will here be found narrated .

TH MAS BARL W B SH P OF L NC O O , I O I OLN ( 1607

Flin a a a iti n g w y mb o .

Lan hill of O He was born at g , in the Parish rton , in Westmoreland , and was a son of Richard m Barlow, descended from the ancient fa ily of that L name , of Barlow Moore , in ancashire . He was ’ C O educated at Queen s ollege , xford . He was C a strong Protestant and alvinist, and became a

m - very ambitious man and a great ti e server. In 1660 1 he wrote in favour of toleration . Becoming ’ of Provost Queen s College , and a prebendary of 1675 Worcester Cathedral , he was , in , appointed L t Bishop of incoln . I appears he changed his 1684 views in , for in a charge to his clergy he called on them to enforce the laws against the dissenters , agreeably to the resolution of the

1 The ti le the trea tise ein T t of b g he Case of Toleration in Matters of Religion it was addressed to Robert Boyle. 1 4 2 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

A l In Bedfordshire Justices adopted at mpthi l . this charge he both justiﬁes and enforces the “ persecution of dissenters as necessary to bring them to a sense of their duty by the blessing ‘ fﬁi t of God for that a c io dat intellectum . He died at B uckdon and was buried in the

r to chancel of the Parish Church there , nea the body of Bishop Sanderson . By his will he b e ’ queathed some of his books to Queen s College of O and some to the University xford . His por “ trait was bequeathed by Bishop Cartwright of

for Chester, to be hung up and kept ever in the ’ ” provost s lodgings .

WILLIAM CHILLINGWORTH

(1602

Th an ent is e ee in r ad y comm dm xc d g b o .

of O He was the son an xford mercer, and O was educated at the Grammar School in xford , and became a Fellow of Trinity College in that 1628 was 163 university in , and ordained in 8 . His fame rests on his book The Religion of “ The of Protestants , the full title being Religion

of or A Protestants, a Safe Way Salvation , an nswer

T or C to a Book entitled Mercy and ruth ; , harity

Maintained by Catholiques . The writer pleads for the of right private judgment , and declares it is

1 44 I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S

1627 on - s was Fellow in , and later Vice Ma ter . He C Greek professor at ambridge , and was said to have been the main instrument by which literature was upheld in this university during the civil

of disturbances the seventeenth century . Isaac 1654 Barrow was his pupil , and when , in , Duport resigned the Greek professorship at Cambridge he

recommended him for the post. Barrow did not

then succeed in obtaining it , although he did so at

the Restoration . He complained , however , that no “ one . I A attended his lectures sit like an ttic owl , “ all he says , driven out from the society of other ” In 1662 of birds . Duport published a collection In 1664 f Latin poems . he was made Dean o 1668 Peterborough , and in Master of Magdalene

College . He was not allowed to preach in St ’ ul C Pa s athedral a second time , because of a sermon he had preached there as to the way that C Cathedral was profaned . He said hurch aisles

were exchanged into shops , and churchyards into ” 1 markets . t C Duport was buried in Pe erborough athedral ,

where there is a tablet erected to his memory . f T He wrote verses in praise o Walton . hey are

of set out at the end this book , and translated

1 ’ St Pa l s Cat edral was t rne int a ar et and th e aisles th e u h u d o m k , , v h lest communion table and th e altar ser ed for t e fou purposes. s a e - l Churchyards seem to have been in old time used s mark t p aces. A n Act of Parliament provided that neither fairs nor markets be

e t in r ar s for the n r the C r . k p chu chy d , ho ou of hu ch

1 46 I ZAA K WA L TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S where he interested himself in the preservation of the Episcopal succession during the Common to wealth , even admitting men privately holy orders . He died at Richmond , Surrey , and was buried on the north side of Edward the Con ’ fessors C A hapel in Westminster bbey ; and King , f u o C . Bishop hichester, preached his f neral sermon l C C r His portrait is at Sa isbury and at hrist hu ch , f All l ’ ll and a bust o him is at Sou s Co ege . He old to C bequeathed legacies to his school , hrist C u All ls h rch and Sou , to his former sees , and to various charities .

D AN IEL FEATLEY

( 1582

The irli i of ti e rin s in his re en es Wh g g m b g v g .

C - -O He was born at harlton upon tmoor, in O C C xfordshire , and educated at orpus hristi

C O . ollege , xford He became domestic chaplain A A of to bbot, rchbishop Canterbury, and was presented to the living of Lambeth in Febru 1618 on Northhill ary , resigning Rectory , in

Cornwall . He became a great controversialist and was a Calvinist . His best known works ’ are The or A duck d , Dippers dipt , the nabaptists ’ and plung d over head and ears at a Disputa

M tic & Cla vis s a . c . tion in Southwark , , and y I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 1 4 7

C C He died at helsea ollege, and was buried 1 in the chancel of Lambeth Parish Church . It Featle is most curious to note that y, who was ul so very bitter against the Baptists , sho d have been buried in a church where a font - grave for baptising adults by immersion has been dedicated A as a memorial to rchbishop Benson . It is de signed after the general plan of one in the ruined

C of C hurch St Stephen, in the ampagna at Rome . The C inscription , in open opper work , is taken from the font of St Sophia at Constantinople

N I ‘I’ON AN OMHM ATA MH M N AN Y N O O I ,

l “ which , being trans ated , means Wash your

not nl . The s transgressions , o y your face la t

. A Rector, the Rev J. ndrewes Reeve, received the approval of Archbishop Benson to the erection T of such font in his lifetime . here is no other church belonging to the Establishment in London in which baptism can be duly administered by eatle immersion . F y spelt his name in four

diff . ertlou h airclou h erent ways , viz , F g , F g , Fair F tle clowe and ea y.

l The Histor and Anti uities o La/mbeth n Tanswell y q f , by Joh

F. Pi t n ( ck o , 3 Th ere is a sil er dis se for r se- ater el n in to Trinit v h u d o w , b o g g y C lle e Ca ri e on i t ese r s a ear in a little ir le in o g , mb dg , wh ch h wo d pp c c th e entre of th e is . For ari s re eren es to t is ins ri ti n see c d h v ou f c h c p o ,

Notes a nd ueries 4th S X L etc n er Palin r es. Q , . , ., u d d om 1 4 8 I ZAA K WA L TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

HN FELL B S H P OF X F RD JO , I O O O (1625

”— Cla it z eal as a l e. I SA A lix. 17 d w h c ok I H .

was of He the son Dr Samuel Fell , who was

of h O 1638 Dean C rist Church College, xford , in , by of T or Margaret , daughter homas Wilde Wyld, of e old Worcester. When only eleven y ars he was sent to Christ Church , and took his degree in i 1640 har . . He was in arms for C les I with n the of O on garrison xford , and later was ordained after the Restoration he was made Prebendary of of C Chichester, and Canon Christ hurch , and in f 1660 he was made D D . and Dean o Christ own Church . He restored the college by his bene factions and with what he collected from others , and built the tower over the chief gateway of the ll out of co ege, to which he had transferred the steeple in the Cathedral the bell known as “ Tom re- s Great , which he had ca t with addi 1 tional metal . C Walton sent his son to Christ hurch , most probably to be under the eye of his friend . f Fell was a great Protestant . When Master o

1 Hark 3 the ﬁrst and second bell ’ On ev r da at r and ten y y, fou , Cri es e e e e to ra ers com , com , com , com p y , ’ An th e er e al s h ean d v g r w k before t e d . D D I EA N A L R CH .

I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S

C in the hall at hrist Church , and there is a statue of u C him in the q adrangle at hrist Church , which , since it is thereon recorded that he was born at L ul ongworth in Berkshire, sho d settle the doubts

that have been raised as to his birthplace , since

ul rima a cie con such evidence wo d , p f , be taken as ‘ elusive in a Court of Judicature .

THOMAS FULLER

(1608

I n erati n la in all l r mod o p c g my g o y , The T ries all me W i the W i s a T r o c h g, h g o y .

“ I ann t tell how the tr t ma be c o u h y , ” I sa the tale as it was sai to me y d . He was born in Northampton and became a ” ’ of boy pregnant wit, and was educated at Queen s C C not ollege , ambridge , but being disappointed in obtaining a Fellowship there he migrated to Sidney

C becom Sussex ollege, where he succeeded in

l . ing a Fe low He became a popular preacher , 163 1 of and in , was made a Prebendary Salisbury

Cathedral . He was a rigid ascetic . He became ’

L . The ecturer at St Bride s, Fleet Street best known of his works are his Church History of

B ritain Worthies o E n land and f g , which was com

L s s was ise l 1 24 ns tates Fell a t on 6 16 . y o b p d Ju y , I ZA AK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 1 5 1

leted 1660 p in , but not published until a year aft er his death After Walton had read The Church History he asked Fuller for some informa to h l tion as Hooker, w ose ife he was preparing to ’ In write . return Fuller asked Walton s Opinion f of o the history and what his friends thought it . “ ul Walton answered, that he thought it wo d be s very acceptable to all tempers , becau e there were S hades in it for the warm , and sunshine for those of l a co d constitution that with youthful readers , the facetious parts would be proﬁtable to make the serious more palatable , while some reverend l Histor Old readers might fancy themse ves , in his y o the Church or one f , as in a ﬂower garden , full Of ” “ ” And n l Th e . ot evergreens why , said Fu ler,

Church Histor SO y decked, as well as the Church or T itself at a most holy season , the abernacle Of “ Old at the feast of boughs That was but for a “ of season , said Walton , in your feast boughs, so they may conceive , we are overshadowed throughout, that the parson is more seen than n— l his congregatio and this sometimes, invisib e to own its acquaintance , who may wander in the ll Oh search ti they are lost in the labyrinth . , il of our said Fuller , the very ch dren Israel may “ out of l . T ﬁnd their way this wi derness rue , “ replied Walton , as , indeed, they have here such ” ll a Moses to conduct them . Fu er, who was a

on D D . Royalist , was , the Restoration , created a 1 52 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S m mzvp s

He was no strong partisan , however . He was deemed by one party before whom he preached ” hot a Royalist , while for his discourses before the King and Court at Oxford he too was blamed as being lukewarm . He was for noted having a wonderful memory . He died in Covent Garden and was buried in the chancel of C of Cranford hurch in Middlesex, which he 1 5 had been appointed Rector in 6 8 . His epi “ taph says that while he was endeavouring to give immortality to others he himself attained ” - n it . His wife survived him over twenty o e

years and was buried in Cranford Church .

JOHN HALES (1584

E er e ra le v m mo b .

He was the fourth son of John Hales ofHigh

church , near Bath , in Somersetshire, and was C C O educated at orpus hristi College , xford, being subsequently elected to a Fellowship at Merton in 1 605 . He was a great Greek scholar ; Wotton O l ul dubbed him ur Bib iotheca amb ans . He ’ of Chillin o h L was a friend gw rt s. aud made him f 1 3 a Canon o Windsor in 6 9 . Dr King styled him f ur the best critic o o time . His chief work was

1 54 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

ne N O Pea ce with R ome L he wrote o entitled . ord Clarendon refers to him as being a popular

t . ri a prela e He mar ed , and sever l Of his sons

Obtained good positions as clergymen . Walton , by “ ’ his will , bequeathed to his daughter Dr Hall s ”

. 1643 works , which be now at Farnham In , upon being turned out of his Norwich bishopric by the Commissioners who were sent there on the passing Of the Act for Sequestration Of the Property of

Malignants , in which he was named , Hall retired N to Heigham village , near to orwich , where he ri lived till his death . He was bu ed in the church not yard there and in the church , for he did not ’ hold God s house a meet repository for the dead ” f Afﬁ xed bodies o the greatest saints . to some

of his books is a portrait of him .

HENRY HAMMOND

( 1605

I nter Sil as A ca demi ueerere V er v q um .

of He was a son Dr John Hammond , Physician Ch to Prince Henry, and was born at ertsey in

Surrey , and educated at Eton and at Magdalene

O . C C College , xford He became anon Of hrist O one of Church and Public rator, and Charles the ’ 163 0 w First s chaplains . In he as Rector of

163 9 D D . Penshurst , Kent, and in became . He I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 1 55

ir Pakin ton became a great friend of S John g , who La t e married dy Doro hy Coventry , the ﬁfth daught r T C L of of homas oventry , ord Keeper the Great

e Seal , who was elevat d to the peerage by the title Of

A lesb orou h Baron Coventry Of y g , county Worcester, “ 162 was of Th e in 8 . She known by the name ” L Pakin ton has good ady g , and been credited with being the authoress of The Whole D uty of Ma n. Although many others have had the work attributed to l O them (in the Bod eian Catalogue, in xford, the to All book is ascribed Richard estree), it seems quite likely that she may have been the real authoress Of the work , having the help of Bishop l Morley, Bishop Henchman , Dr Fel and Hammond possibly as well, over it . Hammond gave Isaac Barrow sufﬁcient aid to enable him to study at Cam bridge and lived to see his bounty rewarded in the ’ ’ early eminence of his p rotege ; whilst Barrow lived i to testify his gratitude in a COp ous Latin epitaph . ri Du ng the Civil Wars , Hammond , with other learned men , found Westwood , in Worcestershire, a refuge

a of place , where he wrote m ny his books . Hallam,

his Litera r Histor The in y y, says Paraphrase and Annotations Of Hammond on the New Testament give a different colour to the Epistles of St Paul from that which they display in the hands of Beza and the other theologians of the sixteenth r And centu y . the name of Hammond stood so A l high with the nglican clergy , that he natural y 156 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

o turned the tide Of interpretation his wn way.

- Hammond was Bishop designate Of Worcester, but died before his consecration at Westwood . He

L e was buried at Hampton ovett, Worcest rshire, where there is a marble monument erected to r w l L his memo y in the nave, ith a ong atin inscription . t n His portrait , by an ar ist unknow , is in the of O l . Hall Magda ene College , xford

CHR ISTOPHER HARVEY (1597

The in t at is st rrent am n an in is ﬂatter co h mo cu o g m k d y . D ' EAN Swrrr.

of . He was a son the Rev Christopher Harvey, of ur C or Harvie, Bunb y, heshire, and was educated

C O . at Brasenose ollege , xford He married and had The S na o ue issue . He was the author Of y g g ‘ To and other works . the second edition Of The Comp lete Angler he preﬁxed commendatory

to one of The S na o ue verses , and the editions Of y g g

li The Walton contributed some ke verses . l on C beautifu poem ommon Prayer, written by

out on 14 . Harvey , is set page Harvey was Cl buried at ifton, in Warwickshire, Of which place he was vicar.

1 i as ri e to arle Schola Cordis is one but it is somet mes c b d Qu s.

1 58 I ZAA K WA L TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

Henchman remained bravely at his post . He was noted for his hospitality . He wrote the to on Epitaph Henry Hammond , which is his monument in Hampton Lovett Church in Worcester Of 1660 shire . Becoming Bishop Salisbury in , he L 1663 succeeded Sheldon as Bishop of ondon in , which see he held until his death . He died at the l a Al Episcopa Pal ce in dersgate Street, and was ul ur of buried in F ham Ch ch . Portraits him are ulham C L at F and the harterhouse , and at ord ’

C . The larendon s place, Grove Park , in Herts last L mentioned portrait is by Sir Peter ely.

R ICHARD HOLD SWORTH

( 1590

A ra e man str lin in the st r s fate and b v ugg g o m of , ” reatl allin in a allin state g y f g f g .

“ What if He h ath decreed that I shall ﬁrst ’ B e tr d in le state and t in s a erse y humb h g dv , B tri lati ns in ries ins lts y bu o , ju , u ,

C nte ts and sc rns and snares and i len e. o mp , o , v o c MrLr ON .

He was a son Of the Vicar of Newcastle

- T was . w upon yne , and born there He as edu ’ cated C l C . A at St John s o lege, ambridge great dispute arose in the college whether he or a Dr L ane should be the master, but neither was a of elected . Holdsworth became M ster Emmanuel I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 1 59

C 1637 - ollege in , and Vice Chancellor of the Univer T sity in 1640. He did not write much . hough a C staunch Royalist, he was a very moderate hurch man , and was appointed Dean of Worcester , but n Of was never i stalled . He was dispossessed all his i preferments , mprisoned , and so harassed that Of 1649 he died soon after the execution the king in , being deeply affected thereby (see Th e Mona stery a nd Ca thedra l o Worcester N f , by John oake , ’ ri C He was bu ed in St Peter s Poor hurch , Broad L i C Street , ondon , hav ng remembered his ollege , St ’

l . John s , in his wi l by bequeathing some books to it T ul here was a dispute , however, over the b k Of his library between the University and Emmanuel

C . The ollege former, by paying the College a sum of money , acquired it .

THOMAS KEN (1637

I ill s ea th testi nies als ef re in s and w p k of y mo o b o k g , ill not a s a w be h med . He was educated at Winchester and at New C O T ollege, xford . He was a son of homas Ken by his second wife Martha, daughter Of John

Chaulkhill B erkhamstead , and was born at , Herts,

163 . in July 7 It is thought likely that his home, ’ on his father s death , was at the house of Walton ,

- who married his half sister Anne . In 1675 he ’ travelled abroad with Izaak Walton s son , who was 1 60 I ZAAK WAL TON A N D HI S FR I E ND S

Chri C C O re then at st hurch ollege , xford , and turned more convinced than before Of the errors

of . the Romish Church When at Winchester, l Morley made him his domestic chaplain , and ater

on a 1685 of , that is , in Janu ry , he became Bishop

l C II . on his Bath and Wel s , and attended harles en deathbed . He opposed James II . in his

one deavours to introduce Popery , and was of the T T seven bishops sent to the ower. hough he was

- Sancroft to a non juror he refused , unlike , couse crate bishops in order to continue the Episcopal

- who succession among the non jurors , only died A out in 1805 . Queen nne granted him a pension ’ Of £200a year. Ken s Morning and Evening Hymns

are perhaps the most popular in our language .

Ken was attended in his last illness, which was

very painful , by his physician , Dr Merewether,

whose daughter married William Hawkins, grand ‘ son Of Izaak Walton . Ken died a bachelor in 1 11 C of 7 , and was buried in the Parish hurch “ il : Frome in Somersetshire . In his w l he said I

C A ro die in the Holy atholic and postolic faith , p fessed by the whole Church before the division of

die East and West ; more particularly, I in the communion Of the Church of England as it stands

1 Ken l not ntin e t o ta e O i to relie e his s fferin s wou d co u k p um v u g , ” V erse is th e nl la an for m ains He die and wrote o y ud um y p . d “ ” r s La s D eO tre lin on his li s. The R ev A S. with th e wo d u mb g p . . ’ 5 K n s t se l W nd a Mere et er see . 13 has e a a and ree y h m w h ( p ) w ch, G k ent Testam .

’ WALTO N S S TA TUE I N WINCHES TER C A THED RA L

To fa ce b a s e 161 . I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S 1 61 distinguished from all papal and puritan innova of tions , and as it adheres to the doctrines the ’ cross . Ken s house at Winchester stood in the f “ T garden o the present Deanery . radition still points to the spot in the garden at which Ken ‘ N ’ made his famous stand against Poor elly , and won the respect Of the monarch whose wishes h e ” did not fear to withstand (Historic Towns

Winchester . . By G. W Kitchin, Dean Of Winchester, ’ Lon mans g , Ken s ﬁgure has been placed ’ near Walton s on the great screen Of Winchester C ‘ T w w athedral . here are t o portraits Of him in N e

C O one l ollege , xford , and at We ls Palace and C one Of Winchester ollege, and he is in the group “ ” The Seven Bishops in the National Portrait In 1885 w Gallery. , a indow to Ken was set up in C Wells athedral , and as mentioned in a previous chapter, he is given a place in the window erected ’ ’ l in Dunstan s C to Wa ton s memory St hurch .

HENR Y NG B SH P OF CH CHESTER KI , I O I (1592

— Lin e s eetness l n ra n out. GOLD8Hr k d w o g d w rH.

He was educated at Westminster and at Christ O Of Church , xford , and was a son John King ,

1 D r Plum tre in his L e o Ken lai s for Walt n a lar er p , if f , c m o g ’ share in the formation of K en s character than the biographers before him Plum tre a e assi ne to Walt n ( p ) h v g d o . 1 62 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

L 1621 Bishop of ondon , who died in , and was reacher a celebrated ip in his day, being styled “ ” The of by James I. King Preachers , and is ’ u one buried in St Pa l s Cathedral , with the word ” on O Resurgam his gravestone . n his death a report went about that he had died a Roman Th Catholic . e son Henry King preached a ’ ‘ “ ul The sermon at St Pa s Cross , entitled Scandalous Report touching the supposed

A l of . postasie , exposing the fa sity the story King and Walton were both present with Donne when the latter was dying . King wrote a letter 17th of N from Chichester, dated the ovember 1664 “ ” 2 , to Walton , commencing Honest Isaac , in which he stated that their fri endship had for existed more than forty years , and which , after giving him certain information about “ ° O Hooker , ends thus ne who heartily wishes d your happiness , and is unfeigne ly, Sir, your ’ Aﬁ ectionate ever faithful and Old Friend , Henry “ Chichester . King wrote an elegy Upon the

1 St e sa s t at t ere was a l it r ss of ti er nte ow y h h pu p c o mb , mou d n ste s of st ne and ere it lea in i ser ns ere upo p o , cov d w h d, wh ch mo w rea e b learne ivines e er S n a in the ren n en th e p ch d y d d v y u d y fo oo , wh C rt and the Ma istrates th e Cit esi es a as t n rse of ou g of y, b d v co cou

l nd d. e le usual , att e e p op , y ’ I t was at St Pa l s Cr ss t at in the e innin of the R e r ati n u o h , b g g fo m o , the R O Gra e se e es and li s ere v e it ires was ood f c , who y p w mo d w h w , v f h e e le an e r e t e exposed to the iew o t p op d d st oy d by h m. 2 ” I n using th e word Honest the writer possibly remembered the ” r e th e Latin r h onestus and ma ave is e to i l fo c of wo d , y h w h d mp y ne a er as ell a neti on that Walton possessed a ﬁ ch ract w as a m g c e.

1 64 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

GE R GE M RLEY B SH P OF W NCHESTER O O , I O I

(1597

W at I lanne I did at I esired to be I was h p d , ; wh d , ; t ” what was in me I taugh .

son He was a Of Francis Morley , and was L born in Cheapside , ondon , and was educated

at Westminster School, and at Christ Church , 1 4 1 Oxford . In 6 he was made a Canon Of Christ

Church , the only appointment he said he ever ’ “ ” . on desired He became e Of Jonson s sons . one Charles I. appointed him to be Of his

In 1642 one of chaplains . he preached his

sermons before the House Of Commons , but he was not ordered to print it according to the usual t cus om . He was a Calvinist, and zealous against “ A Popery . Innocently asked what the rmenians ” “ held , he answered pleasantly, that they held ” all the best bishoprics and deaneries in England . In 16 He passed some years abroad . 60 he was appointed Dean of Christ Church and Bishop of on Worcester, but after two years he was , ’ D u a s to In Dr pp death , translated Winchester. 1660 Morley preached the Coronation sermon Th (from Proverbs xxviii . e sermon was very long and was intended to show the evils Of l of l of un a mu titude rulers , and especia ly an l natural , unreasonable, inso ent and tyrannical I ZAAK WAL TON A N D HI S FR I E ND S 1 65

” democracy. His generosity was so well known that when the king gave him the Bishopric Of Winchester he said that “ Morley would never ” be the richer for it. He restored Farnham Castle at his own expense and built and endowed the ” of c College Matrons , says Dean Kit hin a home for the widows Of the clergy Of the diocese of T Winchester. his is among the proofs that after the Restoration the position and needs Of a married clergy were much more distinctly re garded than they had been before that time ”

Historic Towns : Winche ter ( s ) . Morley was not ’ all a to Land s at cceptable party, as he was very of Non tolerant Of, and charitable to , many the al conformists . It is supposed that W ton and his second wife were on a visit to Morley at Worcester di of when she ed there . From a study his life it is difficult to see what he and Walton could have l had in common, a though he writes he had had the ’ ri s advantage Of forty years f end hip with him . In 1683 Morley published a book in vindication Of di and in himself from vers false, scandalous jurions reflections made upon him by Richard to Baxter, who , according his Opinion , was the most fluent and chief speaker at the Savoy ll Conference . Walton te s us he was introduced

to by Morley Sanderson , Hammond and Chilling h on 29th of worth . He died at Farn am Castle the

See and eries 9 th S. X L . 502. Notes Qu , , p 1 66 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

O 1684 ctober , and was buried in Winchester

T of Cathedral . here is a portrait him there , and there is a portrait of him also in the National on Portrait Gallery , drawn in coloured chalks Lu l . ttere grey paper by E , which was presented to 18 The the Gallery in 77. Cathedral library at Winchester owes its origin to a bequest made ’ in Morley s will .

TH MAS M RT N B SH P OF D R HAM O O O , I O U (1564

All his prospects brightening to the last l His heaven commences ere the wor d be past . D S GOL MITH .

He was one of the nineteen children ofRichard A of and Morton , an lderman York , was born in ’ Berkshire and educated at St John s College , ’ C 1614 Casaub on s ambridge . In he erected tomb in

A own . 1602 Westminster bbey at his expense In , when the plague raged in York , Morton visited many of the poor who had booths erected on a to moor near the city, and ministered them and to ri helped provide for their wants . He bef ended o Donne , and once gave him a sum Of m ney, saying “ T l to ake this , go d is restorative ; which Donne “ replied : I doubt I shall never restore it back of again . Before becoming Bishop Durham he

of was successively Dean Winchester, Peterborough

1 68 I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

’ e C C A a Fellow Of Que n s ollege , ambridge, rch

Of f a deacon Suf olk , and Rector Of Gre t Snoring ,

N . orfolk , where he was born He was educated at

on 10th of Eton , and was admitted sizar the June ’ 163 1 C e , at Queen s oll ge , but migrated the next year ’ C l as scholar to King s ol ege , becoming a Fellow in

163 4 . 163 9 In he was ordained , becoming , in 164 0 Of T , Prebend Of Salisbury and Rector hor

in ton f l . In 1654 l g , Su fo k he was ecturer at St C ’ lement s , Eastcheap , and it was there he began ri of m 1659 a se es ser ons , which were published in , as an exposition Of the Creed . He dedicated the book TO the Right Worshipful and Well ’ The i of Cl Beloved, Parish oners St ement s , East ou cheap . Mercy unto y , and peace and love be ” A to multiplied . good query was given by him “ own C to his question , whether reeds are be extempore : Shall we stand up and begin with ’ ” ‘ I believe at a venture ! He lives on this

b on C standard ook the reed , but he wrote “ r many other works . Bentley said the ve y dust of his writings was In 1660 we ﬁnd of C l 1661 him made Master Jesus ol ege, and in he was prominent at the Savoy Conference . In ’ 1661 too L , , he became ady Margaret s Professor Of D C A 1662 ivinity at ambridge , and in pril he was

1 Bishop Barry says h e is especially a representative of a distinctly An li an T e l at a ti e en b ne essit th e e lia rities g c h o ogy, m wh , y c y, p cu of the An li an siti n s l l eﬁ ne an ain in g c po o had to be re o ute y d d d m ta ed . Mas er in l M t s B t ish Theolo . . rra ( g gy J u y, I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 1 69

16 3 he elected Master of Trinity College . In 7 he

of C e 16 came Bishop hester, wh re he died on the th

of 1686 C . N O July , being buried in the athedral monument was erected to his memory until 1860. T It is uncertain whether he ever married . here is o Tri C C a p rtrait Of him at nity ollege , ambridge, but of there is no portrait him at Jesus , and his only monument there is the inscription which b e caused to be placed in the chapel on the grave Of his Old ri 164 4 f end Stephen Hall, the sturdy President in ll r A Co e e Histo ies Jesus Cambrid e . ( g , g , p rch

1844 of . deacon Churton , in , edited most his works

THOMAS PIERCE (1622

a nt a l Bew re of e ran ce to quarre .

T or Peirse was of homas Pierce , a son the

in Mayor of Devizes Wiltshire . He was educated C O in Magdalene ollege , xford, and was elected a

1 43 . Fellow in 6 He became a popular preacher . 1661 In he was elected President Of his college, a but he was an Ishm el in it , and in about ten ’ years time resigned the post . He seems to have “ been a very quarrelsome man , wanting in tact and judgment at a time when the peculiar con dition of the college made these qualities absolutely 16 5 Of ur necessary . In 7 he became Dean Salisb y n l and came i to frequent col ision with his Bishop , to Seth Ward ; he appears , however, have been 1 70 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S

T very friendly with Walton . his fact tends to show how probable it was that the latter could get on with men with whom others found it im

ri The possible to remain f ends . Dean died at N T hi orth idworth in Wilts re, and was buried l i there , as a so was his w fe, by whom he had issue Th followrn two sons . e g epitaph was composed by him upon himself :

Here lies all that was mortal , the outside, dust

of T D . D and ashes homas Pierce , once the Of O ﬁ President a College in xford , at rst the

of C of Rector Brighton cum Membris , anon Lincoln and at last Dean of Sarum who fell

’ L esus of asleep in the ord J , but in hope an awake n at the resurrection . He k ew himself, and taught

others , that all the gloriﬁed saints in heaven cannot amount to one Saviour, as all the stars in the T ﬁ rmament cannot make up one sun . herefore his L only hope and trust was in the ord Jesus , who will ‘ 21. V change , etc . , Phil . iii. Disco, iator, perinde esse , seu fragile frangi, seu mortale mori .

G LBERT SHELD N AR CHB SH P OF CANTERB RY I O , I O U (1598

” hi n rati n He served s ge e o . w ‘ l He as born at Stanton , a small vi lage in the f of Ma ﬁ eld Parish o Ellaston , two miles west y in

1 I n th e Dictiona ry of Nationa l Biograp hy it is stated h e was born e M a t rit is The Histor and To o ra h o at Ashbourn . y u ho y y p g p y f Ashbourne

1 72 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S

’ Walton to write Hacker s Life to correct the errors of out that by Bishop Gauden , which had come 1662 i in . Cotton ded cated his translation Of ’ Gerard s History of the Life of the D uke of

E sp ernon to Sheldon . Sheldon founded the O theatre at xford , and was very active over the ’ rebuilding Of St Paul s Cathedral . His chief defect would appear to have been his severity against Dissenters . L He died a bachelor at ambeth, and was buried T under a stately monument at Croydon . here ’ of All ul C O is a portrait him at So s ollege , xford , by an artist unknown .

JAMES SHIRLEY

(1596

’ Mark what ills the scholar s life assail

T il en a nt the atr n and the ail. o , vy, w , p o j

S irle the rnin - il the M ses re h y, mo g ch d, u b d, n rn it n his ea A nd se t him bo w h bays upo h d .

He was born in London and educated at ’ T L n Merchant aylors School , o don , and took his ’ degree from St Catharine s College , then Hall , C ’ ambridge , having previously been at St John s

C l O . ol ege, xford He was ordained , but sub sequently became a Roman Catholic and a very I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 1 73

of devoted one . He wrote many plays , some which were written in conjunction with his fellow dramatists , and published some poems . Hallam says he had no originality , no force in conceiving or of delineating character, little pathos , and less , T Of . perhaps, wit his great authority admits his “ was e mind poetical , his better characters , esp cially

a . females , express pure thoughts in pure langu ge From time to time he appears to have been a school master . He married twice and had a family.

He was saved , it is said , from the workhouse by T the kindness of homas Stanley , the author of the Hist or o Philoso h On y f p y, who survived him . his return from a lengthened stay in Ireland he resided T in Fleet Street, near to the emple . Being driven from there by the great ﬁre , he and his wife found an asylum in some lodgings in St Giles -in- the

Fields . The of destruction their home, however, com bined with the awful scene Of which they had been witnesses , seems to have been more than their constitutions could endure . Shirley survived his i ﬂ ght , some authorities inform us , scarcely twenty four hours , and the same day died his inconsolable T wife . heir remains were interred in the same ’ ‘ Giles s grave in St churchyard, which contains T the bodies of various celebrities . here is a portrait of Shirley in the Bodleian Library . 1 74 I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

R ICHAR D SIB BES

(1577

They tha t turn m any to righteousness shall shine as the stars f r r and r o eve eve .

f He appears to have been born in Su folk , and ’ was educated at St John s College , Cambridge . “ He was converted by the preaching of Paul ri Of Bayne, a Pu tan writer note . He was made ’ Inn 1626 preacher at Gray s , and , in , Master of ’ ri C St Catha ne s College , Cambridge (then atharine his Hall) , which greatly ﬂourished under rule .

The B ruised R eed His best known books are , ’ The S oul s Con ict The R eturnin B a c kslider fl , and g . The first book is said to have converted Richard C ri i Baxter. When at amb dge S bbes preached ’ often at St Mary s Church and appears to have had nfl ul great i uence in the p pit , his hearers , it is said , n with probable truth , includi g Milton . Walton in his will specifically bequeathed copies Of the two

ﬁ rst - mentioned books , desiring the legatees to read them so as to be well acquainted with them . In ’ Walton s Oopy of the last - mentioned book he wrote his famous couplet

Of this blest man let this j st praise be iven u g , ” Hea en was in him e re he was in Hea e v b fo v n.

T o Sib his book is , with two other bo ks by bes, in l L the Cathedra ibrary at Salisbury . Sibbes died at

r76 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S

in u O L Reigate S rrey ; his last words were h, ord S Of A forgive me , especially my ins omission . A public funeral was given , in Westminster bbey , C contribut to this great and learned man , romwell Th i ing £200 towards the expenses . e l turgical service was heard there on that occasion for the only time during the Commonwealth . He married — one . N O an heiress , and had issue daughter to A monument was ever erected him in the bbey . There is a portrait of him in the National Portrait L n Gallery by Sir Peter ely, it havi g been trans 1879 ferred there in from the British Museum, and one Tr there is also at inity College , Dublin . His portrait was ordered to be preﬁxed to his edition of the Epistles of Ignatius by the University of

O . on of xford (See , the subject his portraits , ’ ie th N otes a nd uer s 9 . . Q , S VII , p . Ussher s 16 1 library was bought by the State and placed , in 6 ,

T . in rinity College , Dublin

SETH WARD B SH P OF SAL SB R Y , I O I U (1617

An n e t astr n er is mad —Y G u d vou o om . OUN .

Tis eat to me to be at en it I a te it and esire d h m y, h , d ’ ” all en l good m s ove.

A or i He was born at spenden, , some w ll have e it, at Buntingford , Herts, and educat d at Sidney I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 1 77

C ri B A . Sussex College at amb dge , proceeding in 1 M A 4 63 6 . 16 0. , and . in He became a Fellow , but

1644 . u was, with four others , ejected in He ref sed to L subscribe to the Solemn eague and Covenant. Going to Oxford he became Savilian Professor Of A f ‘ stronomy and President o Trinity College . L on of ater he became Bishop Exeter, and in ’

1667 . was translated to Salisbury Walton s son , one the Canon , at time was chaplain to Ward . Ward was one of the original members of the

Royal Society. He was active against Dis u senters but kind to many of them individ ally . t He was much given to hospi ality. His sermons “ ” ’ e . wer strong, methodical , and clear Ward s peace was much disturbed by the Dean, Dr Pierce , who was a quarrelsome man . Ward died at ri al Knightsbridge , and was bu ed in S isbury T of Cathedral. here is a portrait him in the T u 188 1 T own Hall of Salisb ry , and in the rustees Of N the ational Portrait Gallery purchased a portrait, which is described in their catalogue as “ drawn and engraved from the life in 1678 by David

L n. L e O the R i ht R everend S eth agga In the if f g ,

Lord Bisho o Sa lisbur . 1697 p f y, by Dr W Hope , , the writer says ’ Tho I am conscious that I have not enumerated all his Benefactions yet will I conclude this

1 I n 1657 he was ele te rin i al Of es s C lle e r but c d p c p J u o g , Oxfo d, ll was ej ected by Cromw e . 1 78 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S chapter with his Erecting of four Scholarships at ’ C ri C C h st s ollege in ambridge , and endowing them with ten pound per annum , which in that l University is a considerable a lowance , the scholar ships there being generally inferior to those at O ll xford , as the Fe owships better. He had desired to have placed this his Benefaction at Sidney C ollege , but upon some disgust altered his ’ tho not intention , it is improbable but that that

' College might refuse his proﬂer upon very good reasons : For at Oxford no College will accept a Benefaction which only increases the number of l or Fe lows , Scholars , for thereby the Society is l rather injured , than proﬁted , un ess the Bene l C factor also bui ds hambers for their reception , n so C for taki g away many hambers , takes away from the Fellows so many pupils , but on the

the contrary , a Benefactor who will increase of stipends the members Of the Society, will always l be very gratefu ly embraced .

SAMUEL WOOD FORD

(1636

On the choice of friends Our o or e il na e e en s —GAY g od v m d p d . .

L He was born in ondon, and educated at St ’ O Paul s School , and at Wadham College , xford .

1 80 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

L . Dean Of incoln , the Rev Dr John Price and ‘ Rev . Joseph Pullen .

Oh bring us back once more Th e anis e a s Of re v h d d y yo , When the world with Faith was ﬁlled B rin a the er i z eal g b ck f v d , The earts Of ﬁre and steel h , an t a li and il The h ds h t be eve bu d . L F ONG ELLOW.

1 I merely inferthat D r Honiwood and Joseph Pullen were friends of Walton from th e fact that Walton wrote their names in presenta ti n ies his s see atal e the As rn a Li rar o cop of book ( c ogu of hbu h m b y, 1898) C H A P T E R X I I I

’ CO PY OF WA LTON s WI LL

- Au ust the ninth one th usand six hun dred ei ht three. g , o g y

IN THE NAM E OF GOD AMEN I AA ALT N , , , IZ K W O , the elder of Winchester, being this present day, in the ninet eth of y year my age, and in perfect memory, for which praised be God ; but considering how suddainl of y I may be deprived both , do therefore make this my last Will and Testament as

: A nd followeth ﬁrst, I do declare my belief to

one a be, that there is only God , who hath m de

“ the whole world , and me, and all mankind ; to I al u of whom sh l give an acco nt all my actions , I which are not to be justiﬁed, but hope pardoned , of And for the merits my Saviour Jesus . because the profession Of Christianity does , at this time, seem to be subdivided into Papist and Protestante,

I take it , at least, to be convenient, to declare my all of belief to be, in points faith , as the Church of England now professeth : and this I do the rather, because Of a very long and very true s And friend hip with some of the Roman Church . for my worldly estate (which I have neither got 1 8 1 1 8 2 I ZAAK WA L TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

or or by falsehood ﬂattery , the extreme cruelty

Of the law Of this nation) , I do hereby give and

1 -in bequeath it as followeth Fi st , I give my son CT R AW NS HIS FE to law, DO O H KI , and to WI ; them I give all my title and right Of or in a part of

- row L a house and shop in Pater noster , in ondon , which I hold by lease from the lord bishop of L A nd ondon for about ﬁfty years to come . I do also give to them all my right and title of or -l L W to a house in Chancery ane , ondon , herein Greinwood now Mrs now dwelleth , in which is about sixteen years to come : I give these two s lea es to them , they saving my executor from all And damage concerning the same . I give to my son IZAAK all my right and title to a lease Of Norin ton l g farme , which I hold from the ord bishop of Winton : And I do also give him all my right and title to a farme or land near to

' Staﬂord l N , which I bought Of Mr Wa ter oell ; to his for I say, I give it him and heirs ever ; l w but upon the condition fol o ing , namely ; if my son shall not marry before he shall be of age of one or l forty and years , being married, shal dye son n ri before the said age , and leave no to i he t or l — or son or the said farme and, if his sons shall not live to attain the age Of twenty and one of it — years to dispose otherways , then I give the said farme or land to the towns or

of TAFF RD w was n corporation S O in hich I bor e ,

1 84 I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S take that time to be the hardest and most pinch ing times with poor people ; and God reward do w those that shall this ithout partiality, and

. And with honesty , and a good conscience if the said major and others of the said towne of TAFF RD so or S O shall prove negligent, dishonest, as not to imploy the rent by me given as intended ex rest in h w ll God — and p t is my i , which forbid then I give the said rents and proﬁts Of the said farme or l a or and to the towne, and chief m gistrates ECLESHALL governors , of , to be disposed Of by them in such manner as I have ordered the disposal of ff it by the towne Of Sta ord, the said farme or land

of Eclesh ll A nd to being near the towne a . I give

-in- AWK N S W l my son law, Dr H I , hom I ove as my own MY A GHTER HIS FE son and to D U , WI and my

AA to e of Wi son IZ K ; ach them a ring , th these L or . W. words motto ; ove my memory, I , Obiet to L of ri the ord Bishop Winton, a ng with “ A m . W. Obiet this motto ; mite for a illion, I , ri I and to the f ends hereafter named, give to each “ ’ of A ﬁi end s them a ring with this motto , fare ”

l I . W. Obiet . And il wel , , my w l is , the said rings be delivered within forty days after my death and that price Of the value of all the said rings shall be ll thirteen shi ings and fourpence a piece . I give ’ to HAW NS Dr KI Doctor Donne s Sermons , which ’ reacht and I have heard p , read with much con

1 So s elt in the Will p . I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 1 85

. To son AA tent my IZ K, I give Doctor Sibbs His ’ Soul s Conﬂict ; and to MY DAUGHTER his Bruised to SO to Reed, desiring them read them as be well And HER acquainted with them . I also give unto all my books at Winchester and Droxford , and two or whatever in those places are, I can call u mine, except a tr nk Of linen , which I give to my

AA : do not to or son IZ K but if he live marry , make the use Of it, then I give same to my grand WK S And I MY ANNE A N . daughter , H I give ’ A GHTER D U Doctor Hall s Works , which be now at

Farnham . To my son IZAA K I give all my books

C desk e not yet given , at Farnham astell and a Of prints and pictures ; also a cabinett near my ’ bed s head , in which are some little things that he And will value , though of no great worth . my Wi l l and desire is , that he will be kind to his aunt

B EACHAME E KEN , and his aunt ROS by allowing the

or ﬁrst about ﬁfty shillings a year, in for bacon in and cheese , not more , and pay g four pounds a ’ year towards the boarding Of her son s dyet to

: Mr John Whitehead for his aunt Ken , I desire him to be kind to her according to her necessity and his own abilitie ; and I commend one Of her children , to breed up as I have said I intend to do ,

ll to do I i l for if he sha be able it , as know he w l ; l Y they be good fo ke . I give to Mr JOHN DARB

SHIBE A r or the Sermons Of Mr nthony Far ingdon , of Dr Sanderson , which , my executor thinks ﬁt. 1 86 I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

TO T Ed ill my servant, homas g , I give ﬁve pounds i and in money, and all my cloths , l nen woolen ,

one i except suit Of cloths , which I g ve to Mr L NSHED S T HO I , and forty hillings if the said homas

be my servant at my death ; if not, my cloths only. And CHAR D ARR T I give my Old friend Mr RI M IO ,

in a w ten pounds money, to be p id him ithin three months after my death ; and I desire my son to

to l shew kindness him if he sha l neede, and my And d son can spare it . I o hereby Will and declare my son IZAAK to be my sole executor of this my last will and testament ; and Doctor AW NS to H KI , see that he performs it ; which I doubt not but he will . I desire my burial may l of be near the p ace my death , and free from any T ostentation or charge , but privately . his I make to be my last will (to which I shall only add the ofA s one codicil for rings) , this sixteenth day ugu t, - AAK ALT N thousand six hundred eighty three, IZ W O .

Witness to this will.

The 1 as on S . To rings give, are the other ide my brother John Ken ; to my Sister his wife ; to my brother, Doctor Ken ; to my sister Pye to Mr Francis Morley ; to Mr George Vernon ; to his wife ; to his three daughters ; to Mistris N elson ; to Mr Richard Walton ; to Mr Palmer ; to Mr Taylor ; to Mr Thomas Garrard ; to the L of r ord Bishop Saru u ; to Mr Rede , his servant ; to my cousin Dorothy Kenrick ; to my cousin

C H A P T E R X I V

’ A SHORT NOTE ON WALTON S FAMI LY

’ I T has already been shown that all Walton s O children by his ﬁrst marriage died in infancy . f l son the issue by his second marriage , the e der Isaak was born and baptised on the l oth of 1649 l w February , and died the fol o ing June . The younger son Isaak was baptised on the 7th of 1651 September , and was educated at Christ

C O . B A 16 2 Church ollege, xford He became . in 7 M A 5 . . 167 . and in , and travelled abroad with Ken

of ul l of He was Rector Po shot , Wi ts , and Canon

ur The w l to Salisb y . Canon refers in his i l his ” “ un roﬁt many and grievous sins, and to his p l ab e life We know, however, that he is said to “ ' inoﬂen have been a very pious , sober, learned , ” N otes a nd ueries sive, charitable, good man see Q , ! ( of own IX . 1st . . S , p His estimate his char

acter seems worthless . Sir Harris Nicolas thinks ri that the allusion o ginated in extreme humility,

I think it arose from ill health . The will states that the testator lived at ’ present , and intended through God s grace to 1 88 ’ A A O S O S O O NNE W LT N T MB T NE I N W RCESTER CA THED RA L

To fa ce page 1 88.

CH A P T E R X V

SELE CT NS FR M THE P ET CAL W R S OF WALT N IO O O I O K O , C TT N D NNE HERBERT W TT N AND D P RT O O , O , , O O U O

I N this chapter the reader will ﬁnd selections from

of al C the poetry W ton , otton , Donne , Wotton and b L Her ert , and the atin verses by Duport , which are to be found in many editions of Th e Comp lete An ler g . In supplementing these verses by a translation into English, I have taken a course the l of uti ity which will , I hope , be accepted as

ﬂi ient for su c apology its novelty .

’ a SOME OF WALTON S VER E ET S S C. ( ) ,

AN ELE GIE UPON DR DONNE (1633)

OUR l Donne is dead ; England shou d mourne, may say We had a man where language chose to stay l n t And shew her gracefull power . I wou d o praise That and his vast wit (which in these vaine dayes ’ serv d to nl Make many proud) but , as they u ock T C hat abinet , his minde where such a stock 1 90 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S 1 9 1

’ O re os d as f knowledge was p , all lament O of i ( r should) this generall cause d scontent. And I re o ce not j y I am so severe , But (as I write a line) to weep a teare For his decease ; such sad extremities

May make such men as I write Elegies . And wonder not ; for, when a generall losse on Falls a nation , and they slight the crosse , ’ God hath rais d Prophets to awaken them stu ifaction s From p ; witness my milde pen ,

' Not to us d upbraid the world , though now it must for Freely and boldly, the cause is just . ’ O ul th Dull age, h I wo d spare thee , but art

worse, T hou art not onely dull , but hast a curse ’ O not f black ingratitude ; if , could st thou

Part with miraculous Donne , and make no vow hi For thee, and t ne , successively to pay A sad remembrance to his dying day W Did his youth scatter Poetry, herein l ! Was all Phi osophy was every sinne , ’ Characterd in his Satyrs ! Made so foule ’ T feard hat some have their shapes , and kept their soule Safer by reading verse ! Did he give dayes

a P st marble monuments , to those , whose praise He would perpetuate ! Did he (I feare Th e dull will doubt) these at his twentieth year ! 1 9 2 I ZA A K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

’ maturd u l con But, more ; did his f ll sou e

ceive, And in harmonious -holy -numbers weave A a Crown Of s cred sonnets, ﬁt to adorne

A worne dying Martyrs brow or , to be

On that blest head of Mary Magdalen . ’ ’ A Wi d r s not l 7 fter she p Ch i t s feet, but til then Did hee (ﬁt for such penitents as shee An d L he to use) leave us a itany, l Which all devout men love , and sure , it shal , As i classicall t mes grow better , grow more

for Did he write Hymnes , piety, for wit , E uall to ! q those , great grave Prudentius writ Spake he all Languages ! knew he all Lawes The grounds and use of Physick ; but because ’T ! was mercenary, waived it Went to see ’ That blessed place of Chri st s nativity ! Did he return and preach him ! preach him so l T As . since S Paul none did, none cou d hose know, t him (Such as were bles to heare this is truth . Did he conﬁrm thy aged ! convert thy youth ! Did he these wonders ! And is this deare losse ’ ! Mourn d by so few (few for so great a crosse) . But sure the silent are ambitious all To be Close Mourners at his Funeral]; If not ; in common pity th ey forbear By repetitions to renew our care ; ’ ’ O conceiv d conceal d r , knowing , griefe , consumes ’ Man irreparably (as poison s fumes

1 9 4 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

LINES EN GRAVED UND ER A PORTR AIT OF DONNE TAKEN IN HIS EIGHTEENTH YEAR

TH S for I was youth, Strength , Mirth and Wit that Time Most count their golden Age but ’ T n t was o thine .

T eares reﬁ nd hine was thy later y , so much

From youths Drosse , Mirth and wit ; as thy pure mind Thought (like the Angels) nothing but the Praise

O C . f thy reator, in those last, best Dayes Witness this Booke (thy Embleme) which begins W L T ith ove , but endes , with Sighes , and eares for

Iz . WA. sinnes .

IN PRA SE OF MY R END THE A TH R AND HIS I F I U O , BOOKE

’ IF thou would st be a Statesman , and survey Kingdoms for information heres a way

easie for Made plaine , and ﬁtter far thee T O hat great rtelius his Geographie .

’ If thou would st be a Gentleman , in more Than title onely ; this Map yeelds thee store

1 ’ V erses reﬁ xe to The Mer ha nts Ma o Commerce b Le es p d c p f , y w R erts er ant ob , m ch I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S 1 9 5

O O O f bservations , ﬁt for rnament,

Or or to use , give curious cares content .

l ’ If thou wou d st be a Merchant , buy this Booke ’ For tis a prize worth gold ; and doe not looke t ’ Daily for such disbursemen s no , tis rare , A nd shall be cast up with thy richest ware .

or Reader, if thou be any, all three ; (For these may meet and make a harmonie) T A hen praise the uthor for his usefull paines ,

not Whose aime is public good , private gaines . lz W . A .

ON THE EATH OF MY D EAR R EN D MR D F I , WILLIAM CAR TWR IGHT (1651)

CANN T I O keep my purpose, but must give Sorrow and Verse their way ; nor will I grieve L S onger in ilence ; no , that poor , poor part O Art f natures legacy , Verse void of . d An undissembled tears , Cartwright shall have

Fixt on his Hearse ; and wept into his grave . ou Muses I need y not for, Grief and I Can in your absence weave an elegy Which we will do ; and Often inter- weave

L - Sad ooks , and Sighs the ground work must receive ’ or ad ud d Such Characters , be j g unﬁt ’ ’ Shewd theirWit For myFriend s shroud ; othershave , 1 96 I ZA A K WA L TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

L L ﬁ tl he earning , and anguage y for these

Debts due to his great Merits , but for me ,

My aymes are like myself, humble and low

TOO S S mean to peak his praise , too mean to how The World what it hath lost in losing thee,

Whose Words and Deeds were perfect Harmony .

’ But now tis lost, lost in the silent grave L ’ ost to us mortals , lost , till we shall have A dmission to that Kingdom , where He sings

Harmonious Anthems to the King Of Kings .

on l Sing , blest Sou be as thou wast below , A more than common instrument to Show Th y Makers praise sing on , whilst I lament Th y loss , and court a holy discontent ,

With such pure thoughts as thine to dwell with me , T hen I may hope to live, and dye like thee , ’ ’ To b elov d mourn d live , dye , thus in my grave , ’ wish d Blessings that Kings have but cannot have . I z . WA .

TO THE AUTHOR UPON THE SIGHT OF THE FIRST SHEET OF HIS BOOK (1652)

’ leas d MY worthy friend , I am much p to know , You have begun to pay the debt you owe

SO By promise, to many pious friends , In printing your choice Poems it commends

1 98 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

L on odge near thy heart , or thy brow. ’ ’ Th e King ! the King s return d ! and now L ’ et s banish all sad thoughts , and sing

our L . We have aws , and have our King

D orus.

" Dis true , and I would sing , but oh T hese wars have shrunk my heart so low , ’ ’ r i Twill not be a s d.

D a mon.

! What , not this day ’ Wh - i of y, tis the twenty n nth May ’ Let Rebels spiri ts sink let those T hat , like the Goths and Vandals, rose

To ruine families , and bring our C our Contempt upon hurch , King , ’ A nd to all that s dear us , be sad ;

But be not thou ; let us be glad . And Dorus , to invite thee , look , Here ’s a collection in this book

O cheerﬁ I l f all those songs , that we Have sung with mirth and merry - glee ’ A s we have march d to ﬁght the cause ’ O our f God s anointed , and laws Such songs as make not the least odds Betwixt us mortals and the Gods Such songs as Virgins need not fear

To . sing , or a grave matron hear I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 1 99

’ d Here s love rest neat , and chaste , and gay, As gardens in the month Of May ; ’ Here s harmony , and wit, and art,

To raise thy thoughts and cheer thy heart .

Written by whom !

mon D a .

A of Friend mine , ’ And one that s worthy to be thine A civil swain, that knows his times

For businesse , and that done, makes rhymes , But not till then my Friend ’s a man ’ Lov d by the Muses dear to Pan u He blest him with a cheerf l heart , An d they with this sharp wit and art ,

e Which he so temp rs , as no swain ’

T or a . hat s loyal, does should compl in

D orus .

I would fain see him.

D am on .

GO with me , r - Dorus , to yonder b oad beech tree , i There we shall meet him and Phill s ,

Peri ot A g , and maryllis , z o o I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

Tit rus C y , and his dear hlora , Tom and Will , and their Pastora T ’ here we ll dance , shake hands , and sing L We have our aws ,

God bless the King . 12 ALT N . W O .

TO MY REVEREND FR IEND THE AUTHOR OF “ THE SYNAGOGUE

IR S , ’ lov d ou I y for your Synagogue , before I knew your person but nowlove you more Because I ﬁnd It is so true a picture Of your mind Which tunes your sacred lyre To that eternal quire Where holy Herbert sits (O shame to prophane wits) A nd A e sings his and your nth ms, to the praise

Of Him that is the ﬁrst and last of daies .

These holy Hymns had an Ethereal birth

For they can raise sad souls above the earth , And ﬁx them there ,

w o the e The S na o ue or the Sha do Tem l . Sa re e s y g g ; , f p c d po m vat e e a lations in i it ati n O Mr Ge r e Her er See and pri j cu m o f o g b t .

ueries 8th S V I I . . 326 and 479 . Notes an d Q , . , pp

I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S

A ea ef l nest ait l li e he led p c u , ho , f hfu f And lesse as he rea his ail r b d b k d y b ea d . Si le his anners an i was his l mp m , c d d ook, His mirror was the bright and purling brook ; ’ A nd li e s lear aters a s t e asse on f c w h y p d , R e in e him s n he s l be ne m d d how oo hou d go . At last his rod and an le he lai g d by, Ma a lik A nd l e . ll e D a i d e humb y dy d y v d y , A nd ser e t eir L r and Master ait f ll v h o d f h u y, ” H kham in t is rl I W As D a i oo s r . v d h wo d e ved me. .

(6) SOME OF COTTON ’S VERS ES 1

’ COTTON S VER SES TO WALTON (1672)

To m old an d m st w rth Friend Mr I z a ak Walt n y o o y , o ,

’ HEN W to a nation s loss , the virtuous die , T ’ here s justly due , from every hand and eye,

T . hat can or write , or weep , an elegy

Which though it be the poorest , cheapest way,

The owe debt we , great merits to defray,

Yet it is almost all that most men pay .

A nd of so these are monuments short date , T wi t oft t hat, th their bir h , they receive their fa e ul Dying with those whom they wo d celebrate .

And though to verse great reverence is due,

so Yet what most poets write , proves untrue, t It renders truth in verse suspected oo .

1 ’ Cotton s IA/rica l Poems have lately been edited and published

R . T tin Of C ttin a near Hull. J. u o gh m, I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 203

Something more sacred then , or more entire ,

The memories of virtuous men require , Than what may wi th their funeral torch expire

This History can give ; to which alone The privilege to mate Oblivion

Is granted , when denied to brass and stone .

ri Wherein , my f end , you have a hand so sure ,

u S O Your tr ths so candid are, your style pure , T ’ hat what you write may envy s search endure .

’ brib d or Your pen , disdaining to be prest , Flows without vanity or interest ; A virtue with which few good pens are blest .

How happy was my father then , to see ’ ’ T lov d lov d hose men he , by him he to be

Rescued from frailties and mortality .

Wotton and Donne , to whom his soul was knit ; T Of hose twins virtue , eloquence and wit, ’ He saw in fame s eternal annals writ ;

r one Whe e has fortunately found a place, More faithful to him than his marble was ’ ﬁre Which eating age , nor , shall e er deface .

A monument, that, as it has , shall last, ’ And prove a monument to that defac d ; t l ’ I se f, but with the world not to be raz d . I ZAAK WA L TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

And even , in their ﬂowery characters , ’ ri S My father s grave , part Of your f endship hares ’ For honourd you have his in strewing theirs .

T fﬁ hus , by an o ce , though particular, Virtue’s whole commonweal obliged are For in a virtuous act all good men share .

And by this act the world is taught to know, That the true friendship we to merit owe ’ dis h r d S Is not c a g by compliment and how .

’ ri of But your s is f endship so pure a kind ,

For all mean ends and interest so reﬁned , It ought to be a pattern to mankind

’ For whereas most men s friendships here beneath , ’ D O perish with their friend s expiring breath , Yours proves a friendship living after death ;

By which the generous Wotton , reverend Donne , C ’ Soft Herbert, and the hurch s champion ,

Hooker, are rescued from Oblivion .

of For though they each them his time so spent, ’ rais d AS unto himself a monument , With which ambition might rest well content ;

Yet their great works , though they can never die , nd A are in truth superlatively high , Are no just scale to take their virtues by ;

I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

And of being then an object much ruth, Led on by vanities , error and youth , Was long ere he did ﬁnd the way of truth

ul By the same clue , after his youthf swing , ’ To his ou serve at God s altar here y bring ,

Where once a wanton muse doth anthems sing .

’ And though by God s most powerful grace alone His hea rt was settled in religion Yet ’tis by you we know how it was done

And know , that having cruciﬁed vanities , ’ ’ And ﬁ x d clos d his hope , he up his own eyes ,

And . then your friend a saint, and preacher, dies

The too meek and learned Hooker , almost ’ C u In the h rch s ruins overwhelmed and lost , ’

recoverd . Is by your pen, from the dust

And -he Herbert whose education ,

Manners , and parts , by high applauses blown , Was deeply tainted by ambition

And ﬁtted for a court, made that his aim At W last , ithout regard to birth or name , For a poor country cure does all disclaim

Where , with a soul composed Of harmonies , L ike a sweet swan , he warbles as he dies , ’

own . His Maker s praise, and his Obsequies I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S 2 0 7

All tell this you us , with so good success , ’ That our Oblig d posterity shall profess

TO . have been your friend , was a great happiness

And now , when many worthier would be proud ’ To allowd appear before you , if they were , I take up room enough to serve a crowd

Where , to commend what you have choicely writ, Both my poor testimony and my wit Are equally invalid and unﬁt

Yet this , and much more , is most justly due

Where what I write as elegant as true , To ri the best f end I now or ever knew .

’

But, my dear friend , tis so, that you and I , of By a condition mortality ,

a With all this gre t, and more proud world, must die

ask In which estate , I no more Of fame , N or of other monument honour claim , T of han that your true friend to advance my name .

A nd if your many merits shall have bred And u abler pen , to write yo r life when dead ;

I think an honester can not be read .

CHARLES C TT N O O .

Januar 17th 16 2 y , 7 . 208 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

CONTENTATION

D irected to m dea r F ather and m st worth Friend Mr y o y ,

’ HEAv N a e ! , what an g is this what race O n f giants is spru g up, that dare T Al ’ hus ﬂy in the mighty s face, And with his providence make war !

I can go no where but I meet With malecontents and mutineers As l if, in ife , was nothing sweet ,

And we must blessings reap in tears .

O senseless man ! that murmurs still n For happiness and does not k ow,

his ll Even though he might enjoy wi , ul to What he wo d have make him so .

Is it true happiness to be , ’ lac d By undiscerning fortune , p In the most eminent degree , ri ! Where few ar ve , and none stand fast

’ Ti l al u t es and we th are fort ne s toils , Wherewith the vain themselves ensnare ; ’ The of borrowd great are proud spoils , ’ Th e a miser s plenty breeds his c re .

I ZA AK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S 2 09

The one to supinely yawns rest, Th ’ other eternally doth toil as Each Of them equally a be t, ’ ’ m r ri A a e d or lab n . p p horse, g moil

’ ’ Th e oft dis rac d titulado s g , or By public hate , private frown ’ A nd rais d he whose hand the creature ,

Has yet a foot to kick him down .

The who l drudge wou d all get, all save, Like a br ute beast both feeds and lies ; to Prone the earth , he digs his grave , A nd l in the very abour dies .

of ill- ill- Excess got, kept pelf, Does only death and danger breed ;

one Whilst rich worldling starves himself, With what would thousand others feed

and By which we see that wealth power, Al though they make men rich and great,

The of sweets life do Often sour,

And gull ambition with a cheat .

N or is he happier than these

Who , in a moderate estate ,

Where he might safely live at ease , Has lusts that are immoderate ; O 2 10 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

For he, by those desires misled , ’ own Quits his vine s securing shade , T’ expose his naked empty head ’ To a all the storms man s pe ce invade .

N or is he happy who is trim , Trickt up in favours Of the fair ’ Mirrors which ev ry breath may dim ; ’ Birds caught in ev ry wanton snare .

’ or Woman , man s greatest woe bliss

Does ofter far than serve , enslave ; And of , with the magic a kiss ,

Destroys whom she was made to save .

’ Oh fruitful grief ! the world s disease An d vainer man to make it so , Who gives his miserres Increase

By cultivating his own woe .

T no l here are i ls but what we make, By giving shapes and names to things Which is the dangerous mistake That causes all our sufferings

We call that sickness which is health T hat persecution, which is grace al That poverty, which is true we th

And . that dishonour, which is praise

2 1 2 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

T hat man is happy in his share , Who is warm clad and cleanly fed ;

Whose necessaries bound his care , And honest labour makes his bed

Who , free from debt , and clear from crimes , Honours those laws that others fear : Who ill Of princes , in worst times , l l nor Wil neither speak himse f, hear

l Who from the busy wor d retires , To l ll be more usefu to it sti , And to no greater good aspires , But only the eschewing ill

Who w , ith his angle and his books , l Can think the ongest day well spent, And l praises God, when back he ooks ,

And ﬁnds that all was innocent .

This man is happier far than he oft Whom public business betrays , l Through abyrinths Of policy, TO crooked and forbidden ways

l u of The wor d is f ll beaten roads ,

SO w But yet slippery ithal, ’ one l That where wa ks secure, tis odds r l A hundred and a hund ed fal . I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 2 1 3

Untrodden paths are then the best, Where the frequented are unsure ; An d he comes soonest to his rest

“ Whose journey has been most secure .

It is content, alone , that makes Our pilgrimage a pleasure here And who buys sorrow cheapest, takes An t ill commodity oo dear.

’ But he has fortune s worst withstood , And happiness can never miss ; Can covet nought but where he stood ;

A nd thinks him happy where he is .

TO MY D EAR AND M ST W R THY R END MR O O F I , IZAAK WALTON

H LST t ri C m W I in this cold and blus e ng li e , d T Where bleak win s howl and empests roar, We pass away the roughest time Has been of many years before

Whilst from the most tempestuous N ooks

The our chillest Blasts peace invade , And by great Rains our smallest Brooks A re almost navigable made ; I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S

so Whilst all the ills are improved, O of f this dead quarter the year , T ou so hat even y , much beloved , We would not now wish with us here

In this estate, I say, it is to to Some comfort us suppose , T C hat , in a better lime than this , You our , dear friend, have more repose

A nd som deli ht to e g me the while , T hough nature now does weep in rain , To think that I have seen her smile , And I d haply may o again .

If the all -ruling Power please l to We ive see another May , ’ We ll recompense an Age Of these Foul days in one ﬁne ﬁshing day

or two We then shall have a day , to Perhaps a week, wherein try What the best Master ’s hand can do With the most deadly killing Fly

A w not too day ith bright a beam, A not warm , but a scorching sun , A to l southern gale cur the stream , And (Master) half our work is done .

2 1 6 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

Howcleanly do we feed and lie Lord ! what good hours do we keep ! How quietly we Sleep ! What Peace ! what Unanimity ! How loud innocent from the Fashion , ’ our bus ness our ! Is all , all Conversation

’ Oh howhappy here s our leisure ! Oh howinnocent our pleasure ! O O h ye Vallies , h ye Mountains , O h ye Groves and Chrystall Fountains, HOW I love at liberty, By turn to come and visit ye

O ’ Solitude , the Soul s best Friend , T w hat man acquainted ith himself dost make , ’ A nd all his Maker s Wonders to intend

With thee I here converse at will , A nd would be glad to do so still ; ’ For k it is thou alone that eep st the Soul awake .

Howcalm and quiet a delight It is alone To wri read , and meditate , and te , ff ff By none o ended , nor O ending none ’ To or own walk, ride, sit, sleep at one s ease, ’ And to pleasing a man s self, none other displease ! O N h my beloved ymph fair Dove , of Princess Rivers , how I love ’ ﬂowr Upon thy y Banks to lie , I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 2 1 7

And view thy Silver stream , h ’ W en gilded by a Summer s Beam , And in it all thy wanton Fry

Playing at liberty, And with my Angle upon them , The All ofTreachery ’ I ever learn d to practise and to try

’ T S Such streams Rome s yellow iber cannot how, ’ Th i T nor L PO Iber an agus, igurian

Th e Mouse , the Danube, and the Rhine, ’ Are puddle -water all compard with thine ; ’ And Loire s pure streams yet too polluted are With thine much purer to compare The W rapid Garonne , and the inding Seine Are too both mean , wi Beloved Dove, th thee TO vie priority ’ Na T and con o n d y, ame Isis, when j y , submit,

And lay their Trophies at thy Silver Feet.

Oh my beloved Rocks that rise To awe the Earth, and brave the Skies , From some aspiring Mountain ’s crown How l dearly do I ove , w Giddy with pleasure , to look do n , An d from the Vales to view the noble heights above Oh my beloved Caves ! from D og-star heats And hotter Persecution safe Retreats , 2 1 8 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S

What safety, privacy , what true delight In the artiﬁcial Night l Your gloomy entrai s make,

Have I taken , do I take oft How , when grief has made me ﬂy To hide me from Society ,

Even Of my dearest Friends , have I In your recesse’s friendly shade All my sorrows Open laid, And my most secret woes entrusted privacy

L ! ul l ord wo d men let me a one, What an over-happy one to Should I think myself be , desart Might I in this place,

Which most men by their voice disgrace , ’ Live but undisturb d and free ! ’ Here in this despis d recess ’ Would I maugre Winter s cold, ’ An d m the Su mer s worst excess , Tr to out u l Old y live to sixty f l years , And all the while Without an envious eye O ’ n any thriving under Fortune s smile, l Contented ive , and then contented die .

2 20 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

The Boxes and Books L For your ines and your Hooks , And not for , though strict need notwithstanding ,

s Your Sci sors, and your Hone To on adjust your points ,

With a N et to be sure for your landing .

All on these being , ’ Tis w high time we ere gone , all Down , and upward , that may have pleasure T ill, here meeting at night , We shall have the delight To our discourse Of Fortunes at leisure .

’ The not too day s bright , And w the ind hits us right, A nd all Nature does seem to invite us ; We have all things at will For our to second skill ,

As they all did conspire to delight us .

O now or r stream , still , A large Panier will ﬁll Trout and Grailing to rise are so willing ; I dare venture to say ’ T l n will be a b o dy day, And ll ll of l we a sha be weary ki ling .

A way then , away, l o l We oose sp rt by de ay, I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 2 2 1

But ﬁrst leave all our sorrows behind us doe If misfortune come ,

We are all gone from home ,

And a ﬁshing she never can ﬁnd us .

Th e Angler is free From the cares that degree Finds it self with so often tormented And although we should slay

to- Each a hundred day , ’ ’ Tis a slaughter needs ne er be repented .

And though we display All our Arts to betray ’ What were made for man s Pleasure and Diet ; Yet both Princes and States for all our May, quaint Bates ,

Rule themselves and their people in quiet .

our We scratch not pates , Nor repine at the Rates Our Superiors impose on our living n But do fra kly submit , Knowing they have more wit

In demanding , than we have in giving .

Whilst quiet we sit all We conclude things ﬁt, 2 22 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

Acquiescing with hearty submission

For, though simple , we know That soft murmurs will grow

t l u - A the ast nto down right Sedition .

who We care not says , And intends it dispraise , ’ That an Angler t a FOO1is next neighbour Let him prate , what care we , ’ We re as honest as he, d so for An let him take that his labour .

We covet no Wealth

But the Blessing Of Health , And that greater good Conscience within Such Devotion we bring

To our our God and King , Th no ff an at from either o ers c win .

Whilst we sit and ﬁsh

We do pray as we wish , For long life to our King James the Second ; A Honest nglers then may, O ’ l r they ve very fou play, ’ t reckon d Wi h the best Of good Subjects be .

‘I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

ul Such is thy fa t, when I think to ﬁnd -that A punishment Of the severest kind ,

' For Oﬂence l thy , my ma ice cannot name t A o . greater ; than, once commit the same

Where was thy reason then , when thou began TO write against the sense Of God and Man ! ui a t Within thy g lty breast Desp ir ook place , ’ T ul of hou wo d st despairing Die in spite Grace . ’ At th al r once art Judge , and M efacto shown , in Each Sentence thy Poem is thine own. ’ T ronounc d hen , what thou hast p go execute , ’ l hid do t Hang up thy se f, and say , I thee not Fear thy memory, that cannot dye ,

Pane rick This gy is thy Elegy ,

Which shall be when ; or wheresoever read ,

A living Poem to upbraid thee dead .

THE EIGHTH PSALM PARAPHRASED

O RD our Governour LO , , whose potent sway ’ ’ wrs Heav n All Po in and Earth Obey, ’ Throughout the spacious Earth s extended frame Howgreat is thy adored Name ! L on Thy Glories thou hast seated , ord , high ,

Above the Empirean Sky . O of ut Of the mouths Infants , newly come

From the dark Closet Of the Womb , ’ owrfull T to ri Thou hast ordained p ruth se , TO bafﬂe all thine Enemies ; I ZAAK WAL TON A N D HI S FR I E ND S 2 2 5

T ’ hat thou the furious Rage might st calm agen ,

O bloud reven efull f y and g men .

’ W Heav ns hen on thy Glorious I reﬂect, Th Ar y work , almighty chitect, The changing Moon and Stars that thou hast made T’ illuminate night’s sable shade

O ! ’ h what is man , think I , that Heaven s King Should mind so poor a wretched thing ; ’ Or Oﬂl s rin A Man s frail p g, that lmighty God Should stoop to visit his abode !

For thou createdst him but one degree ’ Below the Heav nly Hierarchy ’ Of bless d A n and happy ngels , and didst crow

Frail Dust with Glory and Renown .

Over the works of thy Almighty hand ’ T iv st hou g him absolute command , And all the rest that thou hast made Under his feet hast subject laid ; All O Sheep and xen , and the wilder breed Of Beasts that on their Fellows feed ;

Th e A rr s Inhabitants , and scaly brood , T hat live and wanton in the Flood, ’ A nd whatsoe er does either swim or creep Through th ’ investigable Deep

’ Throughout the spacious Earth s extended frame How great is thy adored Name ! 2 26 I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

’ (0) SOME OF DR D ONN E S VERSES

FEAR CAST OUT

LT T t n WI hou forgive hat sin , where I begu , Which was my sin though it were done before ! T run Wilt hou forgive that sin , through which I A nd do run still, though still I do deplore

T T not When hou hast done , hou hast done ,

For I have more .

Wilt Thou forgive that Sin which I have won Others to sin and made my sins their door Wilt thou forgive that sin which I did shun

A or year two , but wallowed in a score

T T not When hou hast done , hou hast done ,

For I have more .

’ I have a sin of fear that, when I ve spun

My last thread, I shall perish on the shore T Th But swear by hyself, that at my death y Son

: Shall shine , as He shines now and heretofore And T , having done that, hou hast done

I fear no more .

N ote — T is l el n Walt n tells us D nne a se to be h ov y hym , o , o c u d set t o a st ra e a nd s le n t ne an d to he ten s n to th e mo g v o m u , of u g ’ r an the riste rs St Pa l s Cat e ral in his own earin . o g by cho of u h d , h g

2 28 I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S

’ SO wra d L , in His purple pp , receive me , ord ;

By these His thorns , give me His other crown ’ ’ A nd reach d Th as to others souls I p y Word , own Be this my text, my sermon to mine T L herefore that He may raise , the ord throws

down .

’ — w - Note This hymn as written on D onne s death bed.

A VALED ICTION FORBIDDING MOURNIN

A s virtuous men pass mildly away An d o whisper to their souls to g , of Whilst some their sad friends do say, w N o N o . his breath goes , and some say ,

So let us melt , and make no noise ,

N o -ﬂoods nor - tear , sigh tempests move ’ Twere profanation Of ourjoys

To tell the laity our love .

’ Moving of th earth brings harms and Men reckon what it did and meant Of S But trepidation the pheres ,

T . hough greater far, is innocent

Dull sublunary lovers ’ love Whose soul is sense— cannot admit O ’ f absence , cause it doth remove

The thing which elemented it . I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 2 29

But we by a love so far reﬁned

T It hat ourselves know not what is ,

- of Inter assured the mind , C are less eyes , lips and hands to miss .

O one ur two souls therefore , which are , T hough I must go , endure not yet A breach , but an expansion ,

Like gold to airy thinness beat .

two If they be two , they are so, ’ As stiﬂ twin compasses are two ; ’ Th ﬁ x d no S y soul , the foot, makes how ’

TO th . move , but doth , if other do

And though it in the centre sit,

Yet, when the other far doth roam , r It leans and hea kens after it, And grows erect , as that comes home .

Such wilt thou be to me, who must , ’ L th run ike other foot, obliquely Th y ﬁrmness makes my circle just , And u makes me end where I beg n .

— N ote These verses w ere given by D onne to “ en he n a r Wal t n sa : I be lea e to wh w e t b oad in 1611. o ys g v tell t at I a e ea r s e riti s learne t in lan ua es , h h v h d om c c , d bo h g g and etr sa t at n ne the ree or Latin ets did e er po y, y, h o of G k po v ” e al t e qu h m . 2 3 0 I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S

A SHEAF OF S NAKES USED HERETOFOR E To BE MY

EAL THE R EST OF OU R P R AM LY S , C OO F I

’ A D OPTED in God s family and so O ld O . ur coat lost, unto new arms I go — — The Cross my seal at baptism spread below t A Does , by that form , in o an nchor grow . C A rosses grow nchors bear , as thou shouldest do

Th A too C . y ross , and that Cross grows an nchor our A But He that makes Crosses nchors thus ,

Is Christ, who there is cruciﬁed for us . I m Yet may , with this , y ﬁrst serpents hold God Old gives new blessings , and yet leaves the ;

The w serpent may , as ise , my pattern be ’ My poison, as he feeds on dust, that s me . A nd , as he rounds the earth to murder sure ,

but on My death he is , the Cross , my cure .

Crucify nature then , and then implore All grace from Him , cruciﬁed there before ; T A hen all is Cross , and that Cross nchor grown T ’ i his seal s a catech sm, not a seal alone . I Under that little seal great gifts send ,

ui of Works , and prayers , pawns , and fr ts a friend .

A nd our may that saint which rides in great seal , To hear you who his name , great bounties deal !

2 3 2 I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

’ need st For thee , thou no such deceit , For thou thyself art thine own bait ; ’ T catch d hat ﬁsh , that is not thereby ,

Alas is wiser far than I .

(d ) SOME OF HERBERT’S VERSES

THE Em rR

TEACH me , my God and King , T In all things hee to see, And what I do in any thing, To do it as for Thee

N ot rudely, as a beast , To run into an action T re ossest But still to make hee p p ,

A nd give it his perfection .

on A man that looks glass , On it may stay his eye O r if he pleaseth , through it pass ,

And then the heaven espy.

All may Of Thee partake

N othing can be so mean , “ Which with this tincture for Thy sake

Will not grow bright and clean . I ZAAK WA L TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 2 33

A servant with this clause Makes drudgery divine Th Who sweeps a room , as for y laws,

Makes that and the action ﬁne .

This is the famous stone That turneth all to gold For that which God doth touch and own

Cannot for less be told .

THE COLLAR

STR C I U K the board, and cried , no more

I will abroad . What ! Shall I ever sigh and pine !

My lines and life are free ; free as the road, L oose as the wind, as large as store . Shall I be still in suit Have I no harvest but a thorn TO let me blood , and not restore What I have lost with cordial fruit !

Sure there was wine,

: Before my sighs did try it there was corn ,

Before my tears did drown it . Is the year only lost to me ! Have I no bays to crown it ! N O ! ! ﬂowers , no garlands gay all blasted All wasted ! 2 34 I ZAAK WA L TON A N D HI S FR I E ND S

N ot : so , my heart but there is fruit,

And thou hast hands . Recover all thy sigh -blown age On double pleasures leave thy cold dispute

O it and not : f what is f , forsake thy cage , Th of y rope sands ,

Which petty thoughts have made , and made thee

Good cable, to enforce and draw , And be thy law ,

While thou didst wink and wouldst not see . Away ; take heed :

I will abroad . ’ - Call in thy death s head there tie up thy fears . He that forbears

To suit and serve his need ,

Deserves his load . But as I raved and grew more ﬁerce and wild At every word , Child Methought I heard one calling , “ And M Lord I replied, y

THE PULLEY

HEN God W at ﬁrst made man , Having a glass Of blessing standing by Let us (said He) pour on him all we can ’ Let ri the world s ches , which dispersed lie ,

Contract into a span .

2 36 I ZAA K WAL TON AND HI S FR I E N D S

Not a word or look ff own I a ect to ,

But by book , h And T y book alone .

T hough I fail, I weep T hough I halt in pace , Yet I creep

To the throne Of grace .

Then let wrath remove ; Love will do the deed For with love l Stony hearts wi l bleed .

~ Love is swift of foot L ’ ove s a man Of war , And can shoot,

And can hit from far.

Who can ’scape his bow !

T on T hat which wrought hee , T Brought hee low ,

N eeds must work on me .

Throw away Thy rod T hough man frailties hath , Thou art God h Throw away T y wrath . I ZAAK WA L TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S 2 3 7

SUND AY

0 D AY most calm , most bright, ’ The fruit of this, the next world s bud ,

The Of indorsement supreme delight,

Writ by a Friend , and with His blood ; ’ The couch Of time ; care s balm and bay The week were dark , but for thy light h T y torch doth show the way.

The other days and thou

one Make up man whose face thou art, Knocking at heaven with thy brow ; The working - days are the back- part The burden of the week lies there ,

Making the whole to stoop and bow, T ill thy release appear .

Man had straight forward gone TO endless death but thou dost pull

And on O turn us round to look ne, not ul Whom , if we were very d l , We could not choose but look on still Since there is no place so alone

The which He doth not ﬁll.

Sundays the pillars are , On which heaven’s palace arched lies The other days ﬁll up the spare And l hol ow room with vanities . 2 38 I ZAAK WAL TON A N D HI S FR I E ND S

They are the fruitful beds and borders In God’s rich garden that is bare n Which parts their ra ks and orders .

’ The Sundays of man s life , ’ T on hreaded together time s string , Make bracelets to adorn the wife

Of the eternal glorious King. On Sunday heaven’s gate stands Ope

Blessings are plentiful and rife , u More plentif l than hope .

T his day my Saviour rose , A nd did enclose this ligh t for His T n hat , as each beast his manger k ows ,

Man might not of his fodder miss . C hrist hath took in this piece of ground , A nd made a garden there for those

Who want herbs for their wound .

The Rest Of our crea tion Our great Redeemer did remove

With the same shake , which at His passion th ’ Did earth and all things with it move .

A s Samson bore the doors away, ’ ’ C nail d hrist s hands , though , wrought our

vation , nd A did unhinge that day.

2 0 I AA W T E S 4 Z K AIL ON AN D HI S FR I ND

Oh precious ransom which once paid That consumma tum est was said

And said by Him that said no more , But sealed it with his sacred breath T hou , then , that hast dispunged my score , A nd dying wast the death of Death ,

on T Be to me now , hee I call ,

My life , my strength , my joy, my all

THE CHAR ACTER OF A HAPPY LIFE

HOW happy is he born and taught ’ That serveth not another s will ; Whose armour is his honest thought An d simple truth his utmost skill

Whose passions not his masters are,

Whose soul is still prepared for death , Untied unto the world by care

O or f public fame , private breath

Who envies none that chance doth raise, N or vice ; who never understood HOW deepest wounds are given by praise ;

N or ul of rules of state , but r es good

Who hath his life from rumours freed , Whose conscience is his strong retreat ;

ﬂatterers Whose state can neither feed , N or ruin make Oppressors great ; I ZAAK WAL TON A N D HTS FR I E N D S 2 4 1

Who God doth late and early pray More of His grace than gifts to lend ; A nd entertains the harmless day With a religious book or friend This man is freed from servile bands O f hope to rise , or fear to fall ; L Of ord himself, though not of lands A nd having nothing, yet hath all .

1 ELIZABETH OF BOHEMIA

YOU of meaner beauties the night, That poorly satisfy our eyes

More by your number than your light ,

You common people of the skies , 2 ! What are you, when the Sun shall rise

You curious chanters Of the wood T N ’ hat warble forth dame ature s lays , Thinking your passions understood By your weak accents what ’s your praise When Philomel her voice doth raise !

You violets that ﬁrst appear, By your pure purple mantles known

of Like the proud virgins the year,

s A if the spring were all your own , ! What are you , when the Rose is blown

1 he was a a ter of ames I . and married in 1613 Frederi S d ugh J , , , ck

latine of Bavaria after ards in of B emia. Elector Pa , w K g oh 2 Moon is sometimes given instead Of Sun Q 24 2 I ZA AK WAT TON A N D HI S FR I E N D S

So when my Mistress shall be seen

In form and beauty of her mind ,

By virtue ﬁrst, then choice , a Queen , ’ T desi n d ell me , if she were not, g ’ Th eclipse and glory Of her kind !

(f) LAU D ATOR U M CAR MINA

D R JAMES D UPORT

AG STER iscatoriae M I artis docte p ,

Waltone arundinis , salve magne dux , reducta l ul Seu tu va le solus amb as ,

Praeterﬂuentes Observans interim aquas , m Seu forte puri stans in am is margine ,

et a sedens Sive in tenaci gramine rip , Fallis perita squameum pecus manu ;

O ! rocul ne otiis te beatum qui p g ,

Fori ue et et stre itu q urbis pulvere p carens , Extra ue manantes q turbam , ad lene aquas a d Vagos honest fraude pisces ecipis. Dum caetera ergo pa ene gens mortalium

Aut invicem et technas struunt retia sibi ,

i ut ant divites Don s , hamo , captant senes ,

Gre i natantum n nectis g tu i terim dolos .

Voracem inescas advenam lucium hamo ,

Avidamve arvulo alb erno percam p capis ,

244 I ZAA K WA L TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S

b Virbios Post fata factos osce per te . O quae voluptas est legere in scriptis tuis ! lineis Sic tu libris nos , pisces capis ,

Musis ue litteris ue q q dum incumbis , licet i nd m ud I ntentus inter ue sca u st es. hamo , q p

A TR ANSLATION

To the best o Men a nd the M st Skilled o An lers I saa f o f g , c

Wa lton .

A L Of of H I Walton , learned master the art ! of angling Great champion the rod , happy art thou whether alone thou dost pace a secluded

on Of m valley , or, standing the margin a clear strea or sitting in the matted grass of the bank , thou dost with Skilled hand trick the scaley race !

Happy art thou , who far from business cares , away from the noise and dust Of mart and town and Of l beyond reach crowds , dost by the s owly ﬂowing

off waters cut , by honest fraud, the wandering ﬁsh Whilst then almost all the rest of the race Of mortals either in turns spread nets for themselves

or and bait traps with gifts as with a hook , lie in

wait for rich old men , thou dost weave plots for the tribe of ﬁshes , dost entice the greedy foreign

' pike with the hook , dost catch the voracious perch or with blay , a trout with red worm , smooth

or mussel , thy art overcomes even the cautious carp that rod and line can scarce take ; or thou I ZAAK WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E ND S 2 4 5

dost with bait betray the healing tench or gudgeon , palate pleasing gudgeon , it matters little what the ﬁsh is or perhaps thy prey is the less wholesome T but larger mysteriously marked barbel . hese are thy pursuits when time and weather allow and A nd no day passes without a line . not the practice only but the theory of this art is known to thee . Whence it comes that thou art at once a good angler and a good writer and thy mastery

Of both rod and pen dost show thy good sense . Be thou then indeed the instructor of the youn g In u ﬁsherman . gracef l style thou dost write a O Of l second ppian, all things ﬁshing , and dost du y set forth the angler’s precepts and his methods and the various kinds of bait and the different kinds of

Nor ﬁsh and their habits . dost think it enough to hand down the art of angling (though this indeed form a sort of school and teaches patience and soberness) but dost give greater proofs Of loftier r art , the ever fresh examples of characte and noble T patterns Of life . hou hast written Of deep Of Of Hooker and learned and pious Donne, and

e . I z aac Herb rt , holy priest We see these , , painted r in living colou s by trained brush . By thee these

Heroes though dead live once more . 0 what pleasure it is to read thy books ! Thus by thy books thou dost catch us ﬁsh as with lines and dost combine in wondrous wise ﬁshing and the pursuit of the muses . 246 I ZAAK WA L TON A N D HI S FR I E ND S

LAUD ATORU M CARMINA

D r JAMES D UPORT

Ad I saa cum Wa ltonum Viru m et Piscatorem timu m O . , p ISAACH Macte hac arte piscatoria Hac arte Petrus principi censum dedit ; l Hac arte princeps nec Petro mu to prior ,

Tran uillus T q ille, teste ranquillo , pater solebat Patriae , recreare se lubens

A instructus . ugustus , hamo ac arundine Tu roximum a nunc , amice , p cl ri es decus Caesarem Halieuticae Post hami , gentis ac O in loriae Euge professor artis haud g ,

erle ens Doctor cathedrae , p g piscariam

Nae et l tu magister, ego discipu us tuns ,

N am candidatum et ferunt arundinis me , n il m mu Socium hac in arte ob e naoti su s. am lius Waltone dici' otest ! Quid p , , nam p Ips e hamiota Dominus en orbis fuit ! ACO DU P D D J . . .

A N TR ANSLATIO .

To I saa c Walt n B est o Men an d An lers . o , f g

SAAC to the i ! I , good luck thee in art Of ﬁsh ng

By this art Peter gave tribute to Caesar . In this

Tran uillus art, not long before Peter, that great q , so Tranquillus (Suetonius) says Caesar Augustus skilled in all knowledge of hook and line was

248 I ZAA K WAL TON AN D HI S FR I E N D S

A R AN LAT T S ION .

TO my most distin guished friend an d brother Master I saa c Walton ast master in the ar t o an lin , p f g g.

ONE one n of fish and o ly is doctor the rest, and health is assured to those to whom it is given to touch the doctor . Here is a wonderful image Of ‘ our Saviour Jesus , where every letter holds His secret . T his fish I desire, and mayest thou catch this fish (good brother of the rod) : He would pay my debts and thine to God . Fish is he and fisher, wi believe me , a fish would sh to love such an one though he were a fisher.

ENR Y AYLEY M. A . H B ,

The reader may note that the ﬁ sh was the usual emblem of C rist sen e a se the ree r r s the initials Of His h , cho b c u G k wo d fo m na e and titles and als ecause C ristians are rn b a tis m , o b h bo y b p m r 2 ﬁ h s l is nl n in the Latin C r in a Th e s . w te . ymbo o y fou d hu ch

1 I ﬁ tk Pis i x , c s.

I 1 1 0062 es s. 7 , J u - X X wrbs C rist s . p , h u 9 5 017 9 9 D ei.

" ” " I ribs Fili s , u . - z Zen Salvat r. hp, o ’ 1 iona l n r V ol 2 Lo s Rat ism i E u e . I . . 02. cky op , , p I N D E X

Alderse Eli a eth se nd i e B a n Ge r e Her ert ri end 9 8 y, z b , co w f of co , o g b , f of, Vena les 68 B ait The verses b D nne 23 1 b , , , y o ,

Al derse Samue 68 Ba ster S . his editi n Of y, l , g , , o The Com A ex ander W 8 6 n t e 69 lete An ler 51 l , . , 6 o , p g , e Barh am R ev R H 3 Allestrie R i hard Th Vl e Dut . . . 7 , c , y , , o Ma n as ri ed to 155 Barker Th ma s Wa t n derived f c b , , o , l o All S u s D u a Fe 145 mu h inf rmati n on shin r m o l , pp , llow of, ; c o o ﬁ g f o , Sh e d n made Fe 171 29 The A rt o An lin b 30 l o llow of, ; f g g y , ’ ai 172 Bar Mr C ne B a ue sta She d n s rtr t at . ed l o po , low, , olo l l g y Androvanus Wa t n uses as an ith 10 , l o , w , auth rit in his Com lete An ler B ar R i h ard 141 o y p g , low, c , 29 B ar Th m as Bish Lin n low, o , op of col , ’ l alla d verses b h is etter t o Wa t n on his ritin Ang er s B , The, y l l o w g C tt n u t ed 219 The Li e o S a nders n 75 bio o o q o , f f o , ; ’ An ler s Sure Guide The 85 ra hi a sk et h 141 g , , g p c l c of, ’ An ler s Vade Me um The b Barnes or B erners D ame uliana g c , , y , J , Ch etham 3 1 su sed t o h ave ritten the , ppo w ur n nd b Trea t e o F ssh n e 29 Angling Literat e i Engla , y ys f y y g , smund Lam ert 3 0 Barr saa his ndness for O b , ow, I c , fo An Humble E lo verses b Walt n t a 13 4 and n te u i g g, y o ob cco , o ; p p l of ’ u ted 197 D u ort s 144 ena ed b Ham q o , p , ; bl y Animadversi ns on a Pam hlet m nd t o o t o Cam rid e 155 o p o g b g , he N aked Truth b Dr Barr on B k C mm n Pra er titled T , y y , oo of o o y , Fran is Turner 114 109 c , Anne ueen ranted ensi n t o Bart n Sea r ve irth a e , Q , g p o o g o , b pl c of Bish Ken 160 Hen hman 157 op , c , ’ Arma h Ussher Ar h ish 175 Ba r i k D r hn rea h ed M rt n s g , , c b op of, w c , Jo , p c o o Arn d Dr on H ker 105 uneral serm n 167 ol , , oo , f o , Ar o A n lin The b Th mas Baxter Ri h ard ssi i it Of Wal t f g g, , y o , c , p o b l y Barker 3 0 ton kn in 13 his manner , ow g, ; of Ashm e his Histor o the Order o ritin 77 his a re iati n ol , y f f w g, ; pp c o of ’ the arter 10 Ge r e Her ert s ems 9 8 105 C , o g b po , , As enden irth a e Seth Ward his atta k on M r e 165 p , b pl c of , c o l y, 176 174

Ast n Sir Walter u tati n r m B a e R ev . Henr riend o , , q o o f o yl y , y , f of ’ ’ Wott on s etter t o 9 4 Wa t n s 180 Lantdatorwm Ca r l , l o , ; ’ Au re hn Wa t n s ett er on mina verses b 247 b y, Jo , l o l , y, Ben hns n t o 129 Ba ne Mr u ted on H ker 104 Jo o , y , , q o oo , B 249 Ba ne Paul Sibb es c nverted b , Bish s urne H ker re tor y , , o y op bo , oo , c of, ’ 174 104 H ker s death urial and ; oo , b ’ h in Can n u ted on Wa t n s m num ent at 107 Beec g, o , q o l o o , ’ du ati n 5 20 h is stu d B la kw d s Ma az ine art i e on e c o , , ; y of c oo g , cl Wa t n in his Reli i Lai i 89 Wa t n 1D 46 l o g o c , , l o , B a ue C ne Char es II c om 90 l g , olo l , l . ’ B e t his ust Wa t n in St Mar s mitted his Ge r e t o 9 im l , b of l o y o g , ; Chur h Staff rd 126 ris ned in th e T er 10 c , o , p o ow , B emert n Ge r e Her ert as er B unt Sir Th mas ex tra ts r m o , o g b cl gy lo , o , c f o m an of 100 103 his B s obel 9 , , o c , B ens n Ar h ish on Her ert 99 B oc ton or B ou ht n in ent 91 o , c b op , b , g o , K , ’ B ens n s I/ l e u t ati n r m 99 B d eian Li rar rtrait Shir e o f , q o o f o , o l b y , p o of l y B eresf rd an a unt the ami in 173 o , cco of f ly , 71 72 B ok o S t Alba ns The issued in of, , o f , , B eres rd Hal des ri ed 54 55 f ur art s dea in ith s rt 29 fo l , c b , , ; o p l g w p o , ’ C tt n s fi shin -h u se near 69 B th Pa ne Sanders n re o o g o , ; oo by g ll , o p unt th e B eres rd amil sented t o ivin 109 acco of fo f y l g of, and th eir estat es 71 72 B s bel or The C m leat Hist r o , , o co , o p o y f ’ B eres rd hn Ash urne 13 8 His Sa red Ma estie s M st Mir fo , Jo , of bo , c j o Berkh am stead irth la e Th mas a alca s Preserva ti n a ter the B a ttle p , b p c of o c o f Ken 159 o Wrcester 3rd Se tember 1651 , f o , p , ’ B ethun e Dr u ted on Wa t n s b Sir Th mas B unt ex tra ts , , q o l o y o lo , c n ed e L atin 4 his edition r m 9 10 k owl g of , ; f o , , The C m lete An ler 30 51 B s e ames u tati n r m his of o p g , , ; o w ll J , q o o f o ’ An er s C u menti ned b 133 Li e o D r J hns n 47 gl l b o y, f f o o , Wi iam Lis e 38 his es R ev . B owl , ll l , ; timat e The m lete An ler es of Co p g , 45 see n te 149 , o , B e R ert see n te 141 oyl , ob , o , Br sen se C e e Harve edu ated Canter ur Marria e of Wa ton at a o oll g , y c b y , g l , at 156 2 She d n ma de Ar h ish , ; l o c b op of, Brist Park se h Ha rn at 171 ow , Jo p ll bo , Car is e Ussh er made Bish 153 l l , op of, An ler The b hn 175 B ritish g , , y Jo Wi iams n 3 2 Car D r his uneral serm n on ll o , y, , f o ’ Br m e A ex ander Wa t n s e ue Prin e Henr 90 o , l , l o clog c y, t o 10 Casau n saa Wa t n r a , bo , I c , l o p ob bly Br n M ses his editi n The named after 1 and see n te 2 ow , o , o of , , o , ; m lete An ler 51 see n te 56 m n ram s rat h ed b Wa ton Co p g , ; o , o og c c y l B ru ised R eed The b Ri h ard on ta et in WestminsterA e , , y c bl of, bb y, Sibb es 174 49 his t m ere ted b M rt n , ; o b c y o o , Bu kden Sanders n desired to b e 166 c , o uried at 110 Th mas B ar Case o T lerati n in Ma tters o R e b , ; o low f o o f uried a t 141 li ion The b Th mas Bar b , g , , y o low , Bun an hn his ini n ra er see n t e 141 y , Jo , op o of p y , o , Ch a khi hn auth r Th ealma 13 l ll , Jo , o of wrles ue u n B urles ue or The an d Clea r hus dis ussi n as to his B q p o q ; , c , c o ' r S co ed b C tt n 57 identit 118 -121 S cofi e fi , y o o , y, t W t n in usiness Burnand F . C. his I ncom lea Chan er Lane a , , p c y , l o b r 13 6 in 5 Angle , , Burnet Bish on th e ntr vers o a Ha L e The b , op , co o y f ppy if , , y a ke rut 114 W tt n 240 on The N d T h, o o ,

B r n L rd his ines on Wa t n Ch ar e s I . Sanders n h a ain t o y o , o , l l o l , o , c pl , u ted 26 109 145 Hamm nd h a ain to q o , , o , c pl , ’ Bi e in ames s trans ation 154 M r e h a ain t o 164 bl , K g J l of, ; o l y , c pl ,

143 Charles H. after the att e , b l of

2 52 I N D E X

ventr Th mas a ter ards Bar n 81 his funeral sermon on his Co y , o , f w o ; ’ C ventr A es ur 155 i e 8 1 made D ean of St Pau s o y of yl b y , w f , ; l ’ Cranmer Ar hdea n R ac h e Fl ud and Vi ar St Dunstan s 82 hi s , c co , l o c of , ; des ended r m 2 and n t e last i n ess and death 82-84 c f o , o ll , ; Cra f rd Chur h F u er uried in e ita h ritten ver his rave th e w o c , ll b , p p w o g 152 nex t da 84 85 his ers na y, , ; p o l ’ Cra e Th mas itness to Wa t n s harm s 86 his e ita h in St wl y, o , w l o c , ; p p ’ i 187 Paul s 86 his ri tin s 87 88 w ll , , ; w g , , ; Creed Th e Bish Pears n on 168 his hara t er 89 90 inf rmati n , , op o , c c , , ; o o ’ Cr t Her ert Bish Here rd on sea s 130 in s e e on of , b , op of fo , l of, ; K g l gy , u sed auth r The N a ke d 163 re eived h e r m M rt n s p po o of ; c lp f o o o , v s b Truth , 114 166 ; Fea r Cast Out, erse y, r m t n D r Henr see n te 11 226 H mn to God m God im m C o p o , y, o , ; y , y , y Cr m e iver his mmissi ns Sickness b u t ed 227 A Vale o w ll , Ol , co o , y, q o , t o Penn and V ena es 64 an d di ti n orbiddin M urnin b bl , ; c o f g o g, y, u se uent dis easure at their u t ed 228 A Shea o Sna kes s b q pl q o , ; f f ai ure 65 66 used heret re to be m Seal the f l , , ofo y , Cr d n m nument to Sheld n at Crest o our r Fam l b 230 oy o , o o , f poo i y, y, ; e b 3 1 172 Th B ait, y , 2 ’ Cuddesden E is al Pala e re D ve River C tt n s am us ﬁ shin , p cop c of, o , , o o f o g ui t b F e 149 h use b the 69 see n te 70 b l y ll , o , y , , o , Dub ravius Wa t n uses as an , l o , auth rit in his m ete An ler o y Co pl g , 29 Du rt hn Mast er esus po , Jo , of J Dalbin Mrs Wa t n e u eath s a C le e Cam rid e 143 , l o b q ol g , b g , rin t o 187 Du rt D r ames his ini n g , p o , J , op o of ’ D an e Ch ar es h is dedi ation 137 Ge r e Her ert s ems 98 c , l , c , o g b p o , D ance o D eath see n te 6 i ra hi a sk et h 143 -145 f , o , b og p c l c of, ; Danvers Ch ar e s dau hter La udatorwm armina verses b , l , g of, C , y, m arried t o Her ert 102 242 and 246 and Trans ati n b , l o of, ’ D ar shire hn Wa t n s e uests 244 and 246 by , Jo , l o b q t o 185 187 Du a Brian i ra hica sk etch , , pp , , b og p l D avors verses b in Th Com of 145 , J y, e , lete An ler 3 4 Durham M rton made Bish p g , , o op of, D av Sir Hum hre u tati n r m 166 y , p y, q o o f o

his Salmo nia , 3 9 D a s n Ge r e th e ra ers 15 w o , o g , p y of, ; u tati n r m 74 u ted 123 q o o f o , ; q o , D enn s h n auth r The Se rets E ast n-Mauduit M rt n died at y , Jo , o of c o , o o , A 85 167 of ngling,

D e ar Ge r e A. B . The C m lete E lesiasti al P lit b H ker 104. w , o g , o p cc c o y, y oo , ’ ed b E l ll Wa t n s e ies o 1 4 An ler it ed c esh a a t 8 . g , y, , l o l g c , ’ D ial ue between I saa Walton a nd Ed ill Th mas Wa t n s e a to og c g , o , l o l g cy , o istes 112 186 Homol g , Di ers di t The b F eatle 146 Ed ards u tati n r m on the pp p , , y y, w , q o o f o , D is i line verses b Her ert 23 5 ﬁ shin -h u se 69 c p , y b , g o , s luti n o D issent The b E ert n Sir Th mas D nne Dis o o f , , y g o , o , o

R ert F . H rt n see n te 13 se retar t o 79 ob o o , o , c y , D nne Dr hn his intr du ti ns t o Ei hth Psalm Pa ra hrased The o , Jo , o c o g p , , ’ Wa t n 11 Wa t n s des ri ti n verses b C tt n u ted 224 l o , ; l o c p o y o o , q o , th e rea hin 18 and n te E ik n B asililee 145 of p c g of, , o ; o , ’ ’ ’ Wa t n s e e on 19 Wa t n s Ele ie u on D r D nne Wa t n s l o l gy , ; l o g p o , l o , Li e o 76 arenta e 78 u ted 190 f f, ; p g of, ; q o , ear areer 79 rdina ti n Elements o Ar hite ture b W tt n ly c of, ; o o of, f c c , y o o , 80 his er of rea hin 80 94 ; pow p c g, , I ND E X 2 53

H r F eet Pris Elixi r The verses b e ert 23 2. n Donne mitted to , , y b , l o , com , Eli a beth o B hemia verses b 79 z f o , y W tt n 241 F ud Ra he see Ra h e Wa t n o o , lo , c l , c l l o . Emmanue C e e Cam rid e F ud R ert u t ed 40and n te l oll g , b g , lo , ob , q o , o . ’ Ha Fe 153 H ds rth F ud Su sanna m ther Wa t ll , llow of, . ol wo lo , , o of l on s made M aster 159 H ds rst i e 2 of , . ol ﬁ w f , ’ ’ rth s i rar a uired by 159 F ud Wi iam ather of Wa ton s wo l b y cq , lo , ll , f l En lish Public S ho ls Win hester rst ife 2 g c o , c , ﬁ w ,

b Arthur F . L ea h see n te 93 . Fran k R i hard his vie s on the y c , o , c , c , w E ita h on D avid Hookh am b usti ati n s rt 26 28 p p , , y j ﬁc o of po , , , Wa t n u ted 201 N orthern Memoir b l o , q o , s y, Essa s M ntai ne trans ated b hi s riti ism The Com lete y of o g , l y c c of p C tt n 56 58 An ler 46 hi s as ersi n on o o , , g , ; p o ’ Et n Sir Henr Wotton s h use at Wa t n 128 o , y o , l o ,

24 W tt n made Pr v st 95 . Freeman hn under the B ee . o o o o of, , Jo , fo of W tt n uried in C e e Ch a e man Fe shi s 157 o o b oll g p l llow p , a Fr m K n d in at 9 6. hn H es uried at 153 . e e urie Parish Chur h , Jo l b , o , b c Hamm nd edu ated at 154 160 o c , . of , Pears n edu ated at 168 Ful entio F ath er his ini n the o c , g , , op o of “ ” Eutha nasia dis ussi n on 88 and E n ish Chur h 93 , c o , gl c , n te Fu ha m Chur h Hen hman uri d o l c , c b e Ex eter Ri hard H ker edu ated at in 158 , c oo c ,

rammar s h 104 . Seth N et Th mas u ted on th c n g c ool of , , o , q o e o Ward Bish 177 trovers et een H ker and , op of, y b w oo Ex erien ed An ler The b C l ne Travers 104 i ra hi a sk et h p c g , , y o o l , ; b og p c l c R ert Vena es someth es 150-152 ob bl , of, rinted as Part III The Com p . of lete An ler 43 u tati n r m p g , , q o o f o r at r address t o 66 re rint G p ef o y , ; p 67 of,

Gardiner G S . R u tati n r m , . . , q o o f o h is History of the Commonwealth and Pr te t rate 66 o c o , Garrard Th mas Walt n b e , o , o Farnh am Cast e rest red b M r e ueath s rin to 186 l , o y o l y, q g , 1 Gauden Bish 172 65 , op , arrin n Anth n serm ns Ge r e th e rder of th e Ch arles F gto , o y, o of, o g , o , ’ 185 II . s a unt a t er th e Batt e , cco of, f l v urite Haun ts an d Rural Studies W r ester 9 10 Fa o , of o c , , b Ed ard esse 24 Gesner Wa t n uses as an auth rit y w J , , l o , o y t Out b D nn e 226 in his Com lete An ler 29 Fear Cas , y o , p g , Featle D anie i ra hi a sket h G d in Bish Harve his O ini n y , l , b og p c l c oo w , op y, p o 146 th e R e rmati n 17 of , of fo o , ’ Fe hn i ra hi al sket h G e auth r Heresba chius ll , Jo , b og p c c of, oog , o of - Hus r 41 148 150 ba nd y ,

D amue Dean hrist G sden T. his re rint The Eu: Fe r S , C , , p of ll, l of o Chur h xf rd 148 erienced An ler 67 c , O o , p g , F nn B ent e man m numents t o G sse Edmund u ted 75 hi s e y l y, y o o , , q o , ; th B eres ords in th e hur h ini n th e e ita h in ident on e f c c of, op o of p p c ’ D nne s r ve n te 85 his 71 o g a , see o ; ’ is i -h us C tton s am us an li e and Letters o D nne 88 F h ng o e , o f o , f f o , a unt 69-73 Grant Miss M ar h er statue cco of, , y, of Fishin - ree su sed t o h ave een Wa t n 126 g c l , ppo b l o , ’ Wa t n s 127 Great Sn rin irth la ce hn l o , o g, b p of Jo Fit -Her ert Sir Ri hard 72 and Pears n 168 z b , c , o , l ’ Green Mr Frank Treasurer s note , , of z 54 I ND E X

H use Y rk his ur h ase Heresbachi us Husbandr Wa ton in o , o , p c of y , l ’ C tt n s am us ﬁ shin -h use 72 de te d t o for s me his ideas o o f o g o , b o of , r ve Park Herts th e se at L rd 41 G o , , of o C arend n 158 Herbert L e o Geor e b Wa t n l o , , if f g , y l o , 76 arenta e and edu ati n 97 ; p g c o of, his p oems on th e appreciation they re eived 98 ind s t o his c , ; w ow mem r in Trinit C e e 99 o y y oll g , ; Hai es Lord 48 his vie s on ra er 100 his l , , w p y , ; Hales hn i ra hi a sket h res uti ns on his indu ti n to , Jo , b og p c l c of, ol o c o 152 Bem ert n his i ness and o , ll Ha am Henr u ted on Pr t estant death 102 verses ra t u ll , y, q o o , ; w p p ism 17 his ini n oi The C m lete ith a sea iven him b D nne , , op o o p w l g y o , An ler 44 u ted 88 u ted on 103 13 1 The Elixir verses b g , ; q o , ; q o , ; , y ’ Her ert s rk 9 9 u ted on u ted 232 The C lla r b 23 3 b wo , ; q o q o ; o , y, H ker 104 107 u ted on The Pulle 23 4 D is i line b oo , , q o y, ; c p , y, Hamm nd 155 his ini n 23 5 Swnda b 237 o , ; op o of ; y , y, Shir e 173 Her ert Ri h ard ath er Ge r e l y, b , c , f of o g Ha se h i ra hi al sket h Her ert 97 ll , Jo p , b og p c c of, b , . 15 He d hn 78 3 ywoo , Jo , Ha Ste h en 169 Hi s Walter Wa ton e ueaths a ll, p , gg , , l b q ’ amm nd Dr Henr Fe l s i e rin t o 187 H o , y, l l f of, g , 149 i ra hi al sketch 154 Hist ries and Anti uities o Lambeth ; b og p c of, o q f , 1 hi s e ita h ritten b see n te 147 56 ; p p w y o , Hen hman 158 Hist r o the C mm nwealth an d c , o y f o o ,

Hamm nd Dr hn 154 Pr te torate b G. S R Gardiner o , Jo , o c , y . . , Ham t n L vett Hamm nd uried u t ati n r m 66 p o o , o b q o o f o , at 156 Histor o Philos h The b Th mas , y f op y , y o am 109 Stan e 173 B angh , l y, Hare u tati n r m his London Hist r o the Li e o the Duke o , q o o f o , o y f f f f n te 86 Es ernon trans ated b C tt n 57 see o , p , l y o o , . Harecourt Valentine Wa t n b e H ds rth Ri h ard i ra hical , , l o ol wo , c , b og p u eaths rin t o 187 sk et h of 158 q g , c , ’ H insh ed Th mas Wa t n s le a ol , o , l o g cy Hal D nne sent t o 79 and t o 186 Hart l, o , , n te B ni d Dr D ean Lin n o o woo , , of col , hrist h er 13 14 156 . 180 Harvie, C op , , , ati n r m 74 H ker L b W Hat h E . u t e o a t n 21 76 c , , q o o f o , oo , if f, y l o , , Ha kins Anne see Anne Wa t n arenta e and edu ati n 103 w , , l o p g c o of,

Ha kins Wi iam Dr. Pre endar his un rtunate marria e 104 w , ll , , b y fo g , in h ester Cath edral 160 Master th e Tem d of W c , ; of ple an c on ’ a t n s e a ies to 182-186 trovers ith Travers 104 b e W l o l g c , ; y w , married Anne Walt n 189 uried ame Re t r Bish s urne o , b c c o of op bo , in Win h ester Cath edral 187 104 his E lesiasti al P li and c , , ; cc c o ty re i i us vie s 189 l g o w , his kins Sir hn his editi n death 106 mem ria s t o 107 Haw , Jo , o of , ; o l , ; ’ lete An ler 51 52 C ers e ita h t o The Comp g , , ; oop p p , ’ ’ White s des ri ti n C tt n s H ker ane i e t o Ri hard c p o of o o oo , Jo , w f c ﬁ shin -h use ritten for 70 H ker 104 h er se nd marria g o w , oo , ; co ge Wi iam his estimate and death 107 Hazlitt , ll , of , 4 u ted H e W m lete An ler 4 Dr . u tati n r m his The Co p g , ; q o op , , q o o f o L e o War d 177 46. if f , 1 4 H i h am Ha uried at 5 H m e D r. 48 e g , ll b , o , , Hen hman Hum hre Bish of H rt n Dr R ert his ini n th e c , p y, op o o , ob , op o of nd n i ra hi al sk et h B k C mm n Pra er 13 and Lo o , b og p c c of, oo of o o y , 157 note

2 56 I ND E X

auda torum Carmina verses b Love o Am s a nd Laura The dedi L , y f o , , Du rt 242 246 verses b Henr cated t o Wa t n 3 po , , y y l o , ’ Ba e 247 owell u ted on Wa t n s i n ran e yl y, , q o l o g o c ’ Lea R iver Wa t n re uent sh ed Latin 4 u ted on Walt n s , , l o f q ly ﬁ of , ; q o o in 23 riendshi s 12 u ted 22 , f p , ; q o ,

M a ders o eli ion b Dr Jesso Lutterel E . his rtrait Ge r e f R g , y pp , , , po of o g M r e 166 o l y, L e k W E H his Ra ti nalism c y, . . . , o inE ro e 05 248 u p , 1 , Lee Th ma s D arn Ha 68 , o , of ll, e Gallienne Ri h ard his editi n , c , o he ete An ler 51 130 T Comp l g , , Le Sir Peter hi s rt rait Ma aula u tati n r m his His t r ly, , p o of c y, q o o f o o y C tt n 13 8 an a unt 138 o E n land 128 o o , ; cco of, ; f g , his rtrait Hen hman 158 Ma da ene C e e D u rt made po of c , ; g l oll g , po his rtrait Ussh er 176 Master 144 Hamm nd po of , of, ; o Letter to D ea d A uth rs Andre edu at ed at 154 Pier e Fe l s o , w c , ; c , l ow ’ L an s etter t o Wa t n in his 13 4 and after ards President 169 g l l o , w of, Lichﬁ eld M rt n made Bish Ma ee Ar h ish 37 , o o op of, g , c b op ,

M a r J. his editi n The Com jo , , o of L e o B ish Ken b ames He lete An ler 46 51 u tati n if f op , y J y p g , , ; q o o d M ark and r m 13 9 woo l , f o , o D onne see D nne Ma her e 91 f , o l b , o Ge r e Herbert see Her ert Mark and A rah am i ra hi al f o g , b l , b , b og p c o R i ha rd Ho ker see H ker sk et h of 163 itne t o Wa t n 5 f c o , oo c , w ss l o o D r J hnson b ames Bos i 187 L f o , y J w ll , e l u tati n fr m 47 Mark and Mi ha e dru ist 163 w l , q o o o , l , c l , gg , L e o the R i ht R everendSeth Lord M ark and ames He d 163 if f g , l , J ywoo , ’ B ish o Salisbur u tati n Marri t R i hard Walt n s e a t o op f y, q o o o , c , o l g cy , fr m 177 186 187 o , , s n Marst L e o D r S anders n see Sander n R . B his t n e if f o , o o , . , Wal o a nd th e o W tton see W tt n E a rlier F ishin Writ s 0 hi if f o , o o g er , 3 s inc ln Sanders n ma de Fe editi n o , o llow The C m lete An ler o of o p g , d after ards Bish 109 110 51 di ee an w op of, , ; pe gr of the Cotton family ’ Th mas Bar made Bish iven b 63 Walt n s a inet o low op of, g y, ; o c b de s ri ed b 126 c b y, Lin ard see n te 65 arve Andre on th e ntr v rs g , o , ll , w, co o e y i e r s t r b Hallam u ta on th L t ra Hi o y, y , o e pam h et The N aked Truth y q p l , ti n fr m 88 9 9 on H k er 104 o o , , ; oo , , n mm nd 107 u tati n r m o Ha Matth e Rev. Th e a d 3 7 q o o f o , o , w, ob l , Max e Sir H his mon w ll , . , S a l a nd Sea ’ Lives Wa t n s th eir m i ati n Tr ut see n te 23 , l o , co p l o o , o , and editi ns 74—78 life of D nne Meath ssh er mad o , ; o , , U e B ish 175 op of, 78 9 1 life of W tt n 9 1—96 i e m ls o , ; o o , ; l f Me ria Wes tmins ter Abbe b o f y , y -1 3 i e of Ge r e Her ert , 9 7 0 ; l f of D ean Stan e 1 u tati n fr m o g b l y, ; q o o o , ker 103 -107 li e Sander Hoo , ; f of son 108-112 Mem irs o the Sieur de P ntis , o f o , Cotton Llo de h n Walt n e uea th s a en a ed u n at th e time his y , Jo , o b q g g po of o 1 7 d a ring t , 8 e th , 63 ’ L m art see n te 40 Mer hant Ta rs S h Mark and o b , o , c ylo c ool , l L n rth B erkshire irth a e edu ated at 163 Shir e edu ated o gwo , , b pl c of c , ; l y c ohn Fe 150 at 172 J ll , , a nd Truth 21 a re t o The ere e Love , ; ply M th er, Dr Ken attended b w , y, N a ked Truth Wa t n its ro a e 160 , l o p b bl auth r ntr vers th ere n 114 Mert n C lle e x rd Hales o , co o y o , o o g , O fo , Fellow 118 152 of, I ND E X

' ’ Midni ht Medz ta tiom u tati n in 176 Seth Ward s rtrait in g , q o o , ; po , r m see n te 84 177 f o , o , ’ Mi man D ean on D nne s rea hin N a ti na l R eview The arti e on l , , o p c g, o , , cl see n te 18 D nne in 89 o , o , Mi t n hn ssi ilit Wa t n N a tural Theol b Dr William l o , Jo , p o b y of l o ogy, y ’ kn in 12 Ussh er s ntr vers Pa e 3 7 ow g, ; co o y l y, ith 175 Ne s n Anne see Anne Sanders n w , l o , , o Mil ard Mrs Eli a Walt n b e N e s n Rev Henr R e t r w , z , o l o , . y, c o of ham 1 9 qu eath s ring to, 187 Hang , 0 Mi ard R ert th e Ge r e trans New C l e e xf rd Sir Henr lw , ob , o g o l g , O o , y mitted 10 W tton at 9 1 Th mas Ken to, o , ; o Wa n ueaths a edu ated at 159 rt raits of Mil ard W. t e o w , , l o b q c , ; p o 1 7 Ken in 161 ring t , 8 , Mit rd M ar Ru ssell hera recia Ne man Cardina u ted 20 fo , y , pp w , l , q o , ti n The Com lete An ler 45 N i as Sir Harris re erred t o 3 o of p g , ; col , , f , ’ u ted on Walt n s Lives 75 26 40 50 63 117 13 8 153 188 q o o , , , , , , , . Mona s tery a n d Ca thedra l of W0 N ine Cas es of Conscience Occas iona lly ter The b h n N ake 159 D etermined b Bish Sanders n , , y Jo o , , y op o , M nt ai ne his E ssa s trans ated b 110 o g , y l y C tt n 56 58 N ineteenth Centur The u tati n o o , , y, , q o o M re Henr auth r The M ster r m 75 o , y, o of y y f o , God iness s ee n te 114 N ake hn auth r The M a s ter of , o , o , Jo , o of on y M r e Fran is 164 Wa t n be a nd Ca thedra l o W r es ter 159 o l y, c , ; l o f o c , ueath s a rin t o 186 N o Pea e with R me b se h Ha q g , c o , y Jo p ll , M r e Ge r e Bish W r ester 154 o l y, o g , op of o c , a ter ards Bish Win h ester N orin ton Farm e t b Wa t n to f w op of c , g l f y l o 2 Wa t n r te lives H ker his son 130 ; l o w o of oo , and Her ert hi e sta in ith N rthern Mem irs b Ri hard b w l y g w , o o , y c 77 Wa t n dedi ated his L e o Fran k 3 0 3 1 l o c if f c , , Sanders n t o 110 Th ma s Ken N rth Titworth Pier e uried at o , ; o , o , c b , ha ain t o 160 i ra hi a 170 c pl , ; b og p c l sket h 164-166 W d ard N r i h se h Hal Bish c of, ; oo w o w c , Jo p l , op of, rdained b 179 15 o y , 3

M r e Henr his intr du ti n to N tes and ueries 4th S. X I . . 41 o l y, y , o c o o Q , p , ’ Wa t n s L ives 20 u ted r m I uesti n th e l o , q o f o , ; q o of ’ M rt n Bish A Trea tise on the e ita h in ident on D nne s rave o o , op , p p c o g ,

N a ture o God attri uted t o 41 84 on . Ch a khi 121 Ni as f b , , ; Jo l ll, ; col , 79 i ra hi al sk et h 166 Sir Ha rris rst i ra h er to b og p c c of, , ﬁ b og p ’ M rt n Ri hard Alderman Y rk menti n Wa to n s rst marria e 3 o o , c , of o , o l ﬁ g , ; 166 u te d on The Com lete A n ler q o g , M s ter o G dliness The b Henr 40 his editi n C m lete y y f o , , y y ; o of o p M re 114 An ler 51 edi ree th e tt n o , g , p g of Co o ami iven b 63 inf rmati n f ly g y, ; o o on Sanders n iven in 112 see o g , , n te 123 on th e Wa ton and o , ; l ’ C tt n C u 132 on Ussher s o o l b , rtraits 176 188 p o , ,

ruth The am hlet u N aked T , , p p s p po sed t o h ave been writt en by Her ert Cr t 114 b of , ati na Ga er rtrait H k er N o l ll y , p o of oo ’ resented t o 107 Wa t n s or d s William an a unt 52 p , l o p Ol y , , cco of, trait ih 138 On a P rtra it o D nne t k n in s , o f o a e hi ’ Nati na P rtrait Galler M r e s E i hteenth Year verses b Wa t n o l o y, o l y g , y l o ’ rtrait in 166 Usshers ortrait u ted 194 po , ; p q o , 2 58 I ND E X

th of my dea r F riend William Cartwri ht u ted 195 g , q o , Q

uar es u tati n r m his Midni ht Q l , q o o f o g Meditations see n te 84 Schola , o , ; Cordis s metimes as ri ed to see , o c b , n te 156 o , Pa kin ton Lad r a e auth ress uarterl R eview The on Chi in g , y, p ob bl o Q y , , ll g ’ of The Wh le D ut o Man 155 rth s R eli i o Pr testants 143 o y f , wo g on f o , ’ Pakin ton Sir hn Hamm nd ueen s C e e Sir Henr W tt n g , Jo o , Q oll g , y o o reat riend 155 at 92 Th mas Bar edu ated g f of, , ; o low c Pa e Dr William auth r N a tura l at and a t er ards Pro st 141 l y , , o of , f w vo of, The l 37 o ogy, Pa mer Mr Walton e ueaths rin l , b q g to , 18 6 Pa ne rick to Kin Charles A b R gy g , , y W tt n 94 o o ,

ear n hn ish h R a t a l s W E . H P s B C ester i n i m in Eu r e b . . o , Jo , op of , o op , y i ra hi a sk et h 167 Le k 105 b og p c l c of, c y, Pears n R ert his re erments Re llec tions o a Litera r L e b o , ob , p f , co f y if , y 168 Mar R usse Mit rd 45 y ll fo , Penn Admira Wi liam sent b R eeve R ev Andre es R e t r , l l , y , . J. w . c o of Cr m e a ainst th e S anish ﬂeet Lam eth 147 o w ll g p , b , ’ 64 his ai ure and Cr m e l s R eli i Lai i b Can n Bee hin ; f l o w l g o c , y o c g, di s easure ith 65 66 5 89 pl w , , , Penshurst Hamm nd R e t r 154 R eli i n o Pr testants The b , o , c o of, g o f o , , y Perverse Wid w or M emoria ls o Wi iam Chillin worth 142 o ; , f ll g , the B oeve Fa mil The see n te 2 R eli uice Wott nianaz edited b y y, , o , , q o , y ’ 85 in rmati n on D nne s s eals Wa t n 76 ; fo o o l o , in 130 Retirement The erses b C tt n , , , v y o o , Peter r u h Cathedral D u rt u ted 215 bo o g , po q o , made D ean 144 D u rt uried R eta nin B ackslider The b Sibbes of, po b g , , y , n 17i i , 144 ’ Pe Ni h las Wotton s etter to Ri hm nd death Du a at 146 y, c o , l , c o , of pp , 94 R ert s n Frederi k u t ed 49 ob o , c , q o , ’ Pi k erin W his n te in R bins n s D is ourse o the Wa r in c g, . , o copy of o o c f L v a nd Truth 116 La ncashire ntainin est infor o e , , co g b Pier e Th mas i ra hi al sket h mati n li e Vena es 67 c , o , b og p c c o of f of bl , 169 177 R k Mrs Wa t n e ueaths a of, , oc , , l o b q ’ i rim s Pr ress The 13 rin to 187 P lg og , , g , ’ Pla nter s Manual The b C tt n R ers Mrs Mar Walt n e ueath s , , y o o , og , y , o b q 57 a ring t o, 187 P ems on S evera l O asions o le ted R ers Samuel u t ed 23 o cc , c l c og , , q o , ems C tt n u ished a ter R ud ard E i a eth rst ife po of o o p bl f y , l z b , ﬁ w of his death 62 V ena es 68 , bl ,

et E . . To verses b C tt n R ules a nd R e ula tions o the Po W , , y o o , g f u ted 223 a nd C tt n Club des ri ti n q o , o o , c p o of, ’ P u sh t Walt n s son saak R e t r 13 1 13 2 o l o , o I c o , 188 R us se Anne i e to Henr in of, ll, , w f y K g, ’ Pra er- k Walt n s 127 163 y boo , o , ’ Pri e Dr hn riend Walt n s Russe hn Th e S rtin c , Jo , f of o , ll, Jo , po g ” Pars n 37 180 o , seud -Mart r b D nne 87 R usse l Mar se nd wi e Char es P o y , y o , l , y, co f of l

u en R ev . se h riend C tt n 55 P ll , Jo p , f of o o , ’ W t n s 180 Russe Sir William Strensham al o , ll , , of Pulle The verses b Her ert 234 Park 55 163 y, , y b , , ,

2 60 I ND E X

Staff rd irth a e Wa t n 1 Th rin t n Pears n Re t r of o , b pl c of l o , ; o g o , o c o , ’ Wa t n s e a ies to 182-184 l o l g c ,

Stanh e Sir hn of E vast n Ti t C. his editi n The C m lete op , Jo , l o , l , , o of o p ’ C tt n s ath er-in-law An ler 53 o o f , g , Stanh e O i ia or ive dau hter Tissin t n Ha 72 op , l v Ol , g g o ll, and h eiress Ed ard Beres rd To m R everend Friend the Auth r of w fo , y o “ ” o The S na ue verses b f y gog , y ’ Stan e D ean on ri in Wa t n s Wa t n u ted 200 l y, , o g of l o l o , q o , name aak 1 u tati n r m To the Auth r u n the Li ht 0 of Iz , ; q o o f o o p o g ] the First S heet o his B k verses f oo , 4 b Wa Abbe 9 t n u ted 196. y, y l o , q o , Stan e Th mas his kindness to T er L nd n Vena es and l y, o . ow of o o , bl Shir e 173 Penn mmitted to 65 B isho l y, co , ; p Stant n irth a e She d n 170 Ken sent t o 160 o , b pl c of l o , , and n te Travers Wa ter his th e i a o , l , olog c l Ste h en Sir ames h is ini n on ntr vers ith H ker 104 p , J , op o co o y w oo , ’ Chillin worth s ritin s 143 Trea t se o F s h n An le g w g , y f y s y ge wyth an g , Ste h en Sir L es ie his des ri ti n The su sed t o h ave een ritt en p , l , c p o , pp o b w ’ ’ of Walton s listening t o D onne s by D ame Juliana Barnes or rea hin 20 his arti e on B erners 29 new editi n 29 p c g, ; cl , ; o of, ; D nne in the N ati na l Review ex tra t r m 3 7 o o , c f o , Treatise on t e he N atur of God, A , Stillin ﬂeet Ed ard B ish Wa t n rr s r m in his g , w , op of l o bo ow f o , W r ester auth r I renicwm see C m lete An le/r 40 o c , o of , o p g , n te 114 Trinit C le e Cam rid e Ge r e o , y ol g , b g , o g St k E i t u ish ed an editi n Her ert edu at ed at 9 7 two oc , ll o , p bl o b c , ; The Trea t se o F ssh n e ind s t o Her ert in 99 of y f y y g , w ow b , ; Wi iam Chillin worth F ell ll g ow of, St ne Ni h a s his statue of D nne 142 ames Du rt edu ated at o , c ol , o , ; J p o c , 143 Pears n Master 169 ; o of, . S unda verses b Her ert 237 Trinit C e e D u in Ussh er y, y b , y oll g , bl , ’ S na ue The b Harve 156 edu ated at 175 U ssh er s rtrait y gog , , y y, c , p o a t , 176 Turne r Fran i s his am hlet in , c , p p re to The N aked Tru th 114 ply ,

Tans well hn see n te 147 , Jo , o

Tate N . hie re a e to The I nn cent , , p f c o 3 Ep icwre, 3 a r D r erem th e ra ers ylo , J y, p y of, ndevi Mrs Wa t n e ueath s a U l , , l o b q 14 u tati n fr m his H l D in . q o o o o y y g, rin t 1 g o, 87 see n te 19 o , Universa l An ler The ein The g , , b g Ta r W Wa t n e ueaths a ylo , . , l o b q Com lete n le and ar s II and p A g r P t . rin t o 186 g , I II . , 43 Ussh er Henr Ar h ish , y, c b op of b Ge r e Private Ejaculations, y o g Arma h g , 175 Her ert 98 r se se e t o b , ; p o qu l , ssh er ames Ar h ish U , J , c b op Arma h i ra hi al sketch g , b og p c of Tem e Chur h ntr vers et een pl c , co o y b w H ker and Travers at 104 u st oo , ; b t o H k er in 107 oo , Te his editi n The C m lete gg, o of o p 2 A ler, 5 The ma a/nd Clear hus dis ussi n as Valedi ti n rbiddin M urnin b c , c o c o fo g o g, y t o its auth r 118-121 D nne 228 o , o , Th ms William hn 52 Vau h an D ean see n t 4 o , Jo , g , , o e, 9 I ND E X 261

Vena es C ne R ert auth r fr m L nd n 15 his reli i us bl , olo l ob , o of o o o , ; g o The E x erien ed An ler or hara ter and ve iterature p c g ; , c c lo of l , ’ A n lin I m roved 43 re eren e 16 influen ed b D nne s rea h g g p , ; f c ; c y o p c ’ t o in The I nn cent E i ure 44 in 18 his E e on D nne s , o p c , ; g, ; l gy o an a unt 64 sent b Cr m death 19 his vie s N n n cco of, ; y o , ; w of o co h e head th e arm rmit 21 as an an er 22 25 well at t of y fo y, ; gl , ; a ainst the anish 64 ai ure hi s kn ed e shin 25 h e g Sp , ; f l of owl g of fi g, ; h x diti n and dis ea sure insists that an in is an art 28 t e e pe o pl of gl g , ; Cr m e 65 66 made G vern r his vari us au th rities on shin o w ll , , o o o o fi g, Chester 66 u i ati n of his 29 his C m lete A n ler aused of , ; p bl c o ; o p g c E x erien ed An ler 66 67 his man th er ok s to b e ritten on p c g , , ; y o bo w ’ marria e and se ife 68 shin 30 3 1 hn Wi i ams n s g clo of l , fi g, , Jo ll o ’ Veni e Wotton s manner of ivin a re iati n The C m lete c , l g pp c o of o p at 92 A n ler 3 2 his d li e 3 4 a , g , ; go ly f , ; V ern n Ge r e Walt n e ueaths k een s rtsman 3 5 his dis ike o , o g , o b q po , ; l of o 186 s earin 3 7 his fi' s uent u se ring t , w g, ; q of ’ Verses to Wa t n C tt n s u ted th e rd rimitive 37 u i a l o , o o , q o , wo p , ; bl c 202 213 ti n his Com lete An er 40 , o of p g , ; th e sourc es from which h e b or r ed 40 41 its vari us editi ow , , ; o ons and additi ns 41-44 its univ rsa o , ; e l ’ Wadham C l e e x rd W d a re iati n 44-46 Fran k s ad o l g , O fo , oo pp c o , ; c ard at 179 verse riti ism of his w , c c ’ ' Wa er Edmund C tt n s verses to easure in ritin s rat hed ll , , o o , pl w g, c c ’ u ted 223 his m n ram on Casau n s t m q o , o og bo o b ” Wa t n and C tt n C u s 131 in Westminster A e 49 his l o o o l b , bb y, ; 134 auto ra h e 50 an a unt hi s g , ; cco of Wa lt n and the E a rlier Fishin riend gotton 54 -63 a unt o g f , ; cco of

Wn ters b R B . Marst n 30 his riend V ena es 64 68 an , y . o , f bl , ; ’ Wa t n Anne se nd ife to Wa t n a unt C tt n s fi shin -h use l o , , co w l o , cco of o o g o her arenta e and death 2 h er t en visited b 69 -73 m i a p g , ; of y, ; co p l d er c ofler ith ins ri ti n 125 ti n and vari us editi ns of his ow , w c p o , o o o ’ Wa t n s e ita h on 127 L ives 73 -78 ife hn D nne l o p p , , ; l of Jo o , Wa t n Anne dau h ter saak 78 -9 1 ife W tt n 9 1-96 ife l o , , g of I ; l of o o , ; l ’ Wa t n her ather s e a ies t o Ge r e Her ert 97-103 ife l o , f l g c , of o g b , ; l of 182-186 married William Haw H ker 103-107 ife Sander ; oo , ; l of kins 189 uried in Win hester son 108 -112 r a e auth r , ; b c , ; p ob bl o of Cath edra 189 L ve and Truth ntr vers th ere l, o , co o y Wa t n ervis ather aak on 114-118 dis ussi n on Thea lma l o , J , f of Iz , ; c o Wa t n 1 and Clea rchus 118-121 death l o , , ; of, Wa t n aak irth and arenta e at Win h ester 123 uried in Win l o , Iz , b p g c , b of 1 his two marria es 2 his h ester Cath edra 124 two , ; g , ; c l , ; ear i e 3 his ve of kn ed e a inets ith dates his mar ly l f , ; lo owl g c b w of and im erfe t edu ati n 4 c on ria es ins ri ed 125 mem ria s p c c o , ; g c b , ; o l ec tures as to his usiness em t o 126 su sed fi shin - ree j b ploy , ; pp o g c l , ment 5 6 his attitude t ards k and Pra er- k 127 the , , ; ow cloc y boo , ; th e iti a event s th e rei n s e in his name 128 his pol c l of g of p ll g of , ; Char es I 8 entrusted ith th e sea s 13 1 vari us u s named l . , ; w l , ; o cl b de iveran e the Ge r e to a ter 13 1-134 his h a its etc l c of o g f , ; b , C ne B a ue 10 hi s e u e on 13 4 -13 6 his rtrait 13 8 h1s olo l l g , clog ; po , ; ’ th e R est rati n 10 his riendshi O ini n on Fu er s Chur h His t r o o , ; f p p o ll c o y, ’ for Chur hmen and R a i sts 11 151 his e uest Dr Ha s c oy l , ; b q of ll his vie s th e Pra er B k 13 rk s to his dau hter 154 his w of y oo , wo g , ; ’ u tes Christ h erHervie s v erses verses in The S na ue 156 Dr q o op y gog , ; in The C m lete A n ler 14 his Henchmm ave i rmati n on o p g , ; g nfo o ’ rld r s erit and de artu re Ge r e Her ert to 158 in s wo ly p o p y p o g b , ; K g 262 I ND E X

ett er to 162 She d n reat Whit e Peter Wa t n e ueath s a l , ; l o g , , l o b q riend of 171 his e uest to rin t o 187 f , ; b q g , ’ Sibb es 174 W df rd s verse s Wh le Art o Fishin The 43 , ; oo o o f g, , t o 179 his i 181-187 Wh le D u t o Ma n The d u t as , copy of w ll , o y f , , o b his E le ie u n D r D onne u t ed t o the auth r 155 157 g p o q o , o , , ’ 190 On a P rtra it o D onne ta ken Wi Wa t n s 181-187 o f ll , copy of l o , in his E i hteenth Yea r u ted Williamson John The B ritish An ler g , q o , , , g , 194 I n Pra ise o m ri the b 3 2 ; f y F end y,

Auth r a nd his B k u ted 194 Wi m t L rd Ch ar es I I . mmitted o oo , q o , l o , o , l co On the D ea th o m dea r F riend his at h t o 9 f y , w c , Mr Willia m Ca rtwri ht 19 5 To Wi s n hn Christ h er N rth g , ; l o , Jo , op o , the A uth r u n the s i ht o the u t ed 124 o p o g f q o , First S hee t o his B o k 196 An Win ham est ate ur ha sed b f o , ; c p c y Humble E lo 197 To m V ena es 67 g g, ; y bl , “ ’ R everendF riend the A uth r o The Win h ester en s h use in 161 o f c , K o , ” S na o ue 200 E ita h on D avid Win h ester Cath edra W tt n q g , ; p p c l , o o kh am 201 edu at ed at 9 1 Ge r e M r e oc , c , ; o g o l y Wa t n Can n saak 130 Norin ton Bish 110 Wa t n uried in l o , o I , ; g op of, ; l o b ’ ’ Farm e t t o 130 his ath er s Pri r Silkst ea d s Ch a e in 124 l f , ; f o p l , ; e a ies 13 5 ha ain to Ward statue Wa t n a ed in Great l g c , ; c pl , of l o pl c 177 S reen 126 statue Ken c of, ; of Walt n R a h e rst ife to Wa t n a ed in Grea t S reen 161 o , c l , fi w l o , pl c c of, ; her arenta e and death 2 their Mark and made Pre end 163 p g , ; l b of, ; marria e h est ith ins ri ti n M r e uried in 166 M rt n g c , w c p o , o l y b , ; o o 12 m ade D ean 167 W df rd 5 of, ; oo o Wa t n R i h ard 186 made Can n 179 Wi iam l o , c , o of, ; ll Ward Seth Bish Salis ur and Anne Ha kins uried in , , op of b y w b , i ra hi a sk et h 176-178 189 b og p c l c of, ’ W d rd s s nnet to 179 Win h ester C e e Th mas Ken oo fo o , c oll g , o ’ War i k Cast e Wa t n s marria e edu ated at 159 w c l , l o g c , ’ h est in 125 Wint n Bish Walt n s e a c , o , op of, o l g cy Watkin s R ev M r an Ge r e a rin t o 184 , . o g o g , of g , n tati n fr m his re a e to The W Mrs D r th Walt n b e o o o p f c ollop , o o y , o rea t se o F ssh n e 3 8 ueath s a rin t o 187 y f y y g , q g , Weaver R ev Th mas riend t o e th P k The b tt n . d r o e ea C , o , f s f , , y o o , Walt n 179 n8 o , Wells Cath edra mem rial ind W d rd Samuel i ra hi al l , o w ow oo fo , , b og p c t o Ken in 161 sk et h 178 , c of, West tt B i sh on vivise ti n W r ester Ha l made D ean co , op , c o , o c , l of, 27 153 Westminster A e D u a uried W r ester Cathedral Anne Wa t n bb y, pp b o c , l o ’ in 145 Casaub on s t m in 49 uried in 2 , ; o b , , b , 166 Ussh er uried in 176 W rde W nk n de The B k o S t b , o , y y , oo f Westminst er S h Ge r e Her ert Alba/ns rinted b 29 c ool , o g b p y, edu ate d at 9 7 ames D rt W rds rth Christ h er Bish c , ; J upo o wo , op , op edu ated at 143 Du a edu ated of Lin ln u ted on ra ers c , pp c co , q o p y , at 145 Henr in edu ated 15 , ; y K g c at 161 Ge r e M r e edu ated W rks o Alexander P e with , ; o g o l y c o f op , at 164 Mem irs o His L e b Wi iam , o f if , y ll West d Th mas u ted on L B es 45 woo , o , q o . owl , ’ Wa t n s irth a e 1 his esti W rthies o E n la nd b Th mas l o b pl c , ; o f g , y o mat e of The C m lete An ler 45 Fu er 150 o p g , ; ll , his s nnet on th e fi shin -h use W tt n Sir Henr ex tra t r m his o g o , o o , y, c f o 73 etter to L rd Z u h see n te 2 l o o c , o , ’ White Mr his des ri ti n C tt n s riend Mi t n 13 Wa t n , , c p o of o o f of l o , ; l o fi shin -h use 70 visits at Et n 24 his intenti n g o , , o , ; o