Hall of Remembrance Library Holdings WORLD WAR II 'Against
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Rustin Military Collection
Richard Rustin Military Books Donated 3 October 2009 THE RUSTIN MILITARY COLLECTION The Rustin Military Collection consists of nearly a thousand military books and periodicals collected by Richard E. Rustin during his lifetime. His wife, Ginette Rustin, donated this collection from his estate to the Archive Center and Genealogy Department, Indian River County Main Library, in October 2009 – April 2010. Richard E. Rustin passed away July, 2008. His wife considered him a genius regarding military history. He was a brilliant writer, a former reporter, manager and assistant chief of the New York news bureau. He edited coverage at the heart of the Wall Street Journal’s financial and economic news operations. He served in the U. S. Navy as an officer from 1956 to 1959. The focus of his collection centered on World War I and World War II. The collection also includes books on the Revolutionary War, Civil War, Mexican War, Korean War, and Viet Nam War, among others. Regimental histories and books of detailed campaigns, military science, military equipment and biography predominate. The library is very fortunate to have such a magnificent research collection containing many rare, out of print and hard to find volumes. It should be of great interest to anyone exploring military history. To date, the complete collection has been processed and is available to the public in the Genealogy Department. Use the online catalog at http://www.irclibrary.org or browse the list below. Title Author Publ Date 106th Cavalry Group in Europe J. P. Himmer Co. 1945 10th Royal Hussars in the Second World War 1939-45 Dawnay, D., etc. -
1 Introduction
Notes 1 Introduction 1. Donald Macintyre, Narvik (London: Evans, 1959), p. 15. 2. See Olav Riste, The Neutral Ally: Norway’s Relations with Belligerent Powers in the First World War (London: Allen and Unwin, 1965). 3. Reflections of the C-in-C Navy on the Outbreak of War, 3 September 1939, The Fuehrer Conferences on Naval Affairs, 1939–45 (Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1990), pp. 37–38. 4. Report of the C-in-C Navy to the Fuehrer, 10 October 1939, in ibid. p. 47. 5. Report of the C-in-C Navy to the Fuehrer, 8 December 1939, Minutes of a Conference with Herr Hauglin and Herr Quisling on 11 December 1939 and Report of the C-in-C Navy, 12 December 1939 in ibid. pp. 63–67. 6. MGFA, Nichols Bohemia, n 172/14, H. W. Schmidt to Admiral Bohemia, 31 January 1955 cited by Francois Kersaudy, Norway, 1940 (London: Arrow, 1990), p. 42. 7. See Andrew Lambert, ‘Seapower 1939–40: Churchill and the Strategic Origins of the Battle of the Atlantic, Journal of Strategic Studies, vol. 17, no. 1 (1994), pp. 86–108. 8. For the importance of Swedish iron ore see Thomas Munch-Petersen, The Strategy of Phoney War (Stockholm: Militärhistoriska Förlaget, 1981). 9. Churchill, The Second World War, I, p. 463. 10. See Richard Wiggan, Hunt the Altmark (London: Hale, 1982). 11. TMI, Tome XV, Déposition de l’amiral Raeder, 17 May 1946 cited by Kersaudy, p. 44. 12. Kersaudy, p. 81. 13. Johannes Andenæs, Olav Riste and Magne Skodvin, Norway and the Second World War (Oslo: Aschehoug, 1966), p. -
T1.1 War on Land
Second World War Discovery Box Thematic Overview War on Land During the Second World War, the army was the largest of Canada’s three armed services. Over the course of the war, about 750,000 men and women served in the army, across Canada and in many parts of the world. Rebuilding the Army Before the war, Canada’s army was small, with After the Canadian Women’s Army Corps was outdated weapons and equipment. War meant created in 1941 about 25,000 women began more soldiers and better equipment, but it took serving in non-combatant roles. time to rebuild. Army units in Canada protected coastlines and In 1939, men made up almost all of the army, other important areas. The army also set up although women could serve as nurses. training bases across the country. The Army in Britain and Europe A significant portion of the Canadian army The Allies had to choose where to land in served overseas. Canada’s first soldiers arrived Europe to fight Germany and Italy. They in Great Britain in December 1939. decided to invade Sicily, part of Italy. Some Canadian army units participated in Allied By June 1940, most of western Europe was landings there in July 1943. This marked the occupied by Germany and Italy. Canadians beginning of ongoing operations for Canada’s trained for combat, while helping to defend army. After Sicily, Canadians fought Britain against possible German attack. Their in Italy until early 1945. first major engagement was on 19 August 1942, at Dieppe, France. Canadian casualties were heavy, with many dead, wounded, taken prisoner or missing. -
The Fall of Hong Kong: the Condon Report
Canadian Military History Volume 20 Issue 2 Article 8 2011 The Fall of Hong Kong: The Condon Report David Macri Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.wlu.ca/cmh Part of the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Macri, David "The Fall of Hong Kong: The Condon Report." Canadian Military History 20, 2 (2011) This Feature is brought to you for free and open access by Scholars Commons @ Laurier. It has been accepted for inclusion in Canadian Military History by an authorized editor of Scholars Commons @ Laurier. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Macri: Condon Report The Fall of Hong Kong The Condon Report edited by David Macri uring the battle of Hong Kong significant actions and personalities. several US Army officers Abstract: David Macri recently Given the circumstances of Hong D defended his PhD thesis “Hong participated in events and were Kong in the Sino-Japanese War: The Kong’s isolation as well as the overall subsequently held by the Japanese Logistics of Collective Security in combat effectiveness of Allied forces army after the surrender of the colony South China, 1935-1941” at the in general at that time, his account on 25 December 1941. One of these University of Hong Kong. The thesis can be considered unbalanced. His was Major Reynolds Condon, an raises new and important questions views are sometimes emblematic of about the strategic background to artillery officer who was serving as the events of late 1941. Dr. Macri the contemptuous attitudes often an assistant military attaché. Major is also interested in operational and exhibited towards Chinese and Condon was released along with tactical issues and this report from British officers by Americans who other diplomatic personnel in mid the US National Archives is of special later served under General Joseph 1942 and he presumably returned to interest to Canadians. -
The Allied D-Day Deception Campaign and Media Use
UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-EAU CLAIRE OPERATION FORTITUDE: THE ALLIED D-DAY DECEPTION CAMPAIGN AND MEDIA USE THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY FOR CANDIDACY FOR THE BACHLEORS DEGREE OF ARTS BY LUKE E. ANDERSON EAU CLAIRE, WI MAY 2010 Copyright for this work is owned by the author. This digital version is published by McIntyre Library, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire with the consent of the author. For my grandfather, and all others who served Abstract Throughout the Second World War, the Allies focused much of their war effort on Operation Fortitude, a campaign strictly for the purpose of misinforming the Axis Powers. One extensive use of misinformation came before and after the assault on Normandy in June of 1944, more popularly known as D-Day. The Allies’ goal was to make the Germans believe the attack would be coming at Pas de Calais, much further east and closer to England. The Allies used a number of different strategies to accomplish this, including extensively bombing the Calais area, using General George Patton as a commander “decoy,” and even creating a fake invasion force. This paper examines how the media was used to carry misinformation. The Allies used both newspapers and radio broadcasts to influence the Germans into believing an attack would be coming at Calais, not Normandy. By withholding the secret details of the invasion, the American public was also led to believe an attack was coming at Calais. I argue, although double-agents were also an important way to transmit false information, without the use of media an effective campaign would have been much more difficult. -
War Crimes Liaison Detachment – Far East and the Prosecution of Japanese “Minor” War Crimes
The Canadian War Crimes Liaison Detachment – Far East and the Prosecution of Japanese “Minor” War Crimes by Mark Sweeney A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfilment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2013 © Mark Sweeney 2013 Author’s Declaration I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. ii Abstract The members of the Canadian War Crimes Liaison Detachment – Far East travelled across the Pacific in April 1946 to participate in “minor” war crimes trials in Hong Kong and Japan. The assignment stemmed from the harrowing experiences of the Winnipeg Grenadiers and Royal Rifles of Canada in Hong Kong and Japan following the Japanese invasion in December 1941 through to their liberation from POW camps at the end of the Pacific War. Literature pertaining to war crimes trials during this period focuses primarily on the Nuremberg and other European trials, or on the major, often politicized Tokyo Trial. This dissertation addresses the frequently proffered recommendation in the literature that further explorations into the “minor” trials of 5600 Japanese war criminals are needed. The members of the Canadian Detachment served as prosecutors at the American operated Yokohama War Crimes Trials, as well as the British Hong Kong War Crimes Courts. Their cases covered the entirety of the POW experience, from atrocities during battle and in the immediate aftermath, to brutal abuses and medical neglect in POW camps and exploitation in war-related and dangerous labour. -
10.45Am Service at St. Tudy War Memorial Followed by CRYING OUT
10.45am Service at St. Tudy War Memorial followed by CRYING OUT FOR PEACE RINGING of ONE Bell 75 times, one for each year since VJ Day - 15th August 1945 Robin Thwaites, the new Curate, welcomed Villagers to the Service of Commemoration and reminded all present of the restrictions regarding Covid-19, asking all to remember to socially distance. Colonel Rupert Nicholas OBE then spoke for a few minutes about the experiences of the men who endured so much in the Far East campaign and gave a short account of his father’s service and experiences. This was then followed by the laying of the wreaths on behalf of the Historical Society, the Parish Council, and the Village Hall. Ten Villagers were known to have had a relation who took part in the fighting and the ten each laid a Cross of Remembrance for their father, uncle, aunt, or grandfather. The Exhortation was then read out, all joined in the refrain before the Last Post was sounded prior to the two-minute silence and Reveille. Prayers were then led by the Curate before ‘The Cry for Peace’ after which one single bell was run 75 times to mark the years since the end of WW2. The service concluded with the saying of the National Anthem as singing, at the time of the service, was not permitted. 15th August 1945 marked the end of WW2 after six years of conflict involving many countries from around the world. After the defeat of Nazi Germany in Europe, thousands of troops in East Asia fought on until Japan’s surrender, with many not returning home until 1946. -
Art of Deception: Selling a Story to the German Army
NATIONAL EISENHOWER MEMORIAL EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS LESSON Art of Deception: Selling a Story to the German Army Duration One 45-minute period Grades 7–12 Cross-curriculum Application U.S. History, World History, Geography, English, Media Arts NATIONAL EISENHOWER MEMORIAL LESSON: ART OF DECEPTION | 1 EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS Historical Background As Supreme Allied Commander Dwight D. Eisenhower later remarked, “Plans are worthless, but planning is everything.” Operation Overlord, also known as D-Day, was a massive undertaking involving unprecedented planning and meeting challenges in execution. The operation consisted of 2,700 ships manned by 195,000 sailors. The fleet carried 156,000 troops, 12,000 vehicles, 2,000 tanks, and nearly 10,000 tons of stores across the English Channel. In addition, thousands of military aircraft supported the amphibious invasion. The success of the Normandy invasion also depended on the element of surprise. All the plan- ning and effort that went into the operation could have been undone if German military leaders knew the location and timing of the landing ahead of time. German military leaders worked hard to determine what General Eisenhower and the Allies planned to do. In order to keep this important information secret, Eisenhower and his advisors initiated Operation Bodyguard (part of a larger deception plan called Operation Fortitude) to confuse the German forces about the exact location of the landing. Objective Students will examine primary sources related to some of the Allied plans to deceive the German Army as to the time and location of the invasion of northern Europe. What techniques of decep- tion were used? What role does deception play in military strategy? What can these deceptions tell us about how the German military viewed the Allies? Students will take on the role of documentary filmmaker and develop a plan for a short video promotion for a film on Allied military deceptions during World War II. -
The Omnipresent Threat
Bradley St. Croix The Omnipresent Threat The Omnipresent Threat: Fifth Columnists’ Impact on the Battle of Hong Kong, December 19411 By Bradley St. Croix Abstract: The battle of Hong Kong forced the British garrison to fight against an irregular force, something they rarely did in the Second World War. Numerous factors contributed to the raising of this fifth column force including British colonial attitudes towards non-white inhabitants of the colony. Japanese coercion was also used to gain information and support from locals. These fifth columnists aided the Japanese attackers by pinning down garrison troops with sniper fire and surprise attacks. They also provided valuable intelligence on garrison positions. The Hong Kong police and criminal gangs played important roles in this battle, the former not adequately suppressing the fifth columnists threat and the latter furthered their own interests while simultaneously aiding the Japanese attackers. The fifth columnists were not a vital part of the Japanese victory at Hong Kong, but they added to the numerous advantages that the attackers already possessed. Keywords: Fifth Columnist, Hong Kong, Second World War, Hong Kong Police, Colonialism The British colony of Hong Kong faced a unique situation among the Allied armies during the Second World War when it was attacked by Japanese forces in late 1941: the defending garrison it had to fight an irregular force. This unprecedented circumstance effectively negated the British garrison’s defence plans particularly once the irregular and regular elements of warfare were blended. Irregular warfare was not taken into account for the defence planning of the colony in the interwar years creating a major gap in the garrison’s defence. -
The Second Mission: Canadian Survival in Hong Kong Prisoner-Of-War Camps, 1941-1945
The Second Mission: Canadian Survival in Hong Kong Prisoner-of-War Camps, 1941-1945 Matthew Schwarzkopf A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the MA degree in History Department of History Faculty of Arts University of Ottawa © Matthew Schwarzkopf, Ottawa, Canada, 2019 ii Table of Contents Abstract ..................................................................................................................................... iii Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................... iv Acronyms .................................................................................................................................... v Introduction “A Prisoner of War: It is a Melancholy State” .......................................................... 1 Chapter 1 From Garrison Duty in North America to Prison Camps in Hong Kong .................... 22 Chapter 2 The Battle to Stay Healthy ....................................................................................... 51 Chapter 3 The Struggle for Morale ........................................................................................... 81 Chapter 4 Fighting Boredom .................................................................................................. 105 Conclusion In Memory, They All Survived .............................................................................. 133 Bibliography ........................................................................................................................... -
Confidence Men the Mediterranean Double-Cross System, 1941-45 By
Confidence Men The Mediterranean Double-Cross System, 1941-45 by Brett Edward Lintott A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Graduate Department of History, in the University of Toronto © Copyright by Brett Edward Lintott, 2015 Abstract Confidence Men The Mediterranean Double-Cross System, 1941-45 Brett Edward Lintott Doctor of Philosophy Department of History University of Toronto, 2015 This dissertation provides an analysis of the Mediterranean double-cross system of the Second World War, which was composed of a number of double agents who were turned by the Allies and operated against their ostensible German spymasters. Utilizing many freshly released archival materials, this study assesses how the double-cross system was constructed, why it was an effective instrument, and how it contributed to Allied success in two areas: security and counter-intelligence, and military deception. The focus is thus on both organization and operations. The chapters cover three chronological periods. In the first — 1941-42 — the initial operational usage of a double agent is assessed, along with the development of early organizational structures to manage and operate individual cases as components of a team of spies. The second section, covering 1943, assesses three issues: major organizational innovations made early that year; the subsequent use of the double agent system to deceive the Germans regarding the planned invasion of Sicily in July; and the ongoing effort to utilize double agents to ensure a stable security and counter-intelligence environment in the Mediterranean theatre. The third and final section analyzes events in 1944, with a focus on double-cross deception in Italy and France, and on the emergence of more systematic security and counter-intelligence double-cross operations in Italy and the Middle East. -
THE BATTLE of HONG KONG Belligerents
THE BATTLE OF HONG KONG DATE: DECEMBER 08 – DECEMBER 25 1941 Belligerents Japan United Kingdom Hong Kong India Canada China Free French The Battle of Hong Kong was fought between December 8 - 25, 1941. As the Second Sino-Japanese War raged between China and Japan during the late 1930s, Great Britain was forced to examine its plans for the defense of Hong Kong. In studying the situation, it was quickly found that the colony would be difficult to hold in the face of a determined Japanese attack. Despite this conclusion, work continued on a new defensive line extending from Gin Drinkers Bay to Port Shelter. Begun in 1936, this set of fortifications was modeled on the French Maginot Line and took two years to complete. Centered on the Shin Mun Redoubt, the line was a system of strong points connected by paths. In 1940, with World War II consuming Europe, the government in London began reducing the size of the Hong Kong garrison to free troops for use elsewhere. Following his appointment as Commander-in-Chief of the British Far East Command, Air Chief Marshal Sir Robert Brooke-Popham requested reinforcements for Hong Kong as he believed even a marginal increase in the garrison could significantly slow down the Japanese in the case of war. Though not believing that the colony could be held indefinitely, a protracted defense would buy time for the British elsewhere in the Pacific. FINAL PREPARATIONS In 1941, Prime Minister Winston Churchill agreed to dispatch reinforcements to the Far East. In doing so, he accepted an offer from Canada to send two battalions and a brigade headquarters to Hong Kong.