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Hearing of the House Merchant Marine and Fisheries Committee On TITANIC MARITIME MEMORIAL ACT HEARING BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON MERCHANT MARINE AND FISHERIES HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES NINETY-NINTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION ON H.R. 3272 A BILL TO DESIGNATE THE SHIPWRECK OF THE TITANIC AS A MARI TIME MEMORIAL AND TO PROVIDE FOR REASONABLE RESEARCH, EX PLORATION, AND, IF APPROPRIATE, SALVAGE ACTIVITIES OCTOBER 29, 1985 Serial No. 99-21 Printed for the use of the Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1986 COMMITTEE ON MERCHANT MARINE AND FISHERIES WALTER B. JONES, North Carolina, Chairman MABIO BIAGOI, New York NORMAN F. LENT, New York GLENN M. ANDERSON, California GENE SNYDER, Kentucky JOHN B. BREAUX, Louisiana DON YOUNG, Alaska GERRY E. STUDDS, Massachusetts ROBERT W. DAVIS, Michigan CARROLL HUBBARD, JR., Kentucky WILLIAM CARNEY, New York DON BONKER, Washington NORMAN D. SHUMWAY, California JAMES L. OBERSTAR, Minnesota JACK FIELDS, Texas WILLIAM J. HUGHES, New Jersey CLAUDINE SCHNEIDER, Rhode Island BARBARA A. MIKULSK1, Maryland HERBERT H. BATEMAN, Virginia MIKE LOWHY, Washington JOHN R. McKERNAN, JR., Maine EARL HUTTO, Florida WEBB FRANKLIN, Mississippi W.J. (BILLY) TAUZIN, Louisiana THOMAS F. HARTNETT, South Carolina THOMAS M. FOGLIETTA, Pennsylvania GENE A. CHAPPIE, California DENNIS M. HERTEL, Michigan JIM SAXTON, New Jersey ROY DYSON, Maryland SONNY CALLAHAN, Alabama WILLIAM O. LIPINSKI, Illinois JOHN R. MILLER, Washington ROBERT A. BORSKI, Pennsylvania HELEN DELICH BENTLEY, Maryland THOMAS R. CARPER, Delaware DOUGLAS H. BOSCO, California ROBIN TALLON, South Carolina ROBERT LINDSAY THOMAS, Georgia SOLOMON P. ORTIZ, Terns CHARLES-E. BENNETT, Florida THOMAS J. MANTON, New York EDMUND B. WELCH, Chief Counsel BARBARA L. CAVAS, Chief Clerk GEORGE D. PENCE, Minority Staff Director (II) CONTENTS Page Hearing held October 29, 1985...................................................................................... 1 Text of H.R. 3272.............................................................................................................. 5 Statement of: Anderson, Hon. Glenn, a U.S. Representative from the State of Cali- fornia................................................................................................................""... 4 Ballard, Robert D., director, Deep Submergence Laboratory, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.................................................................................. 10 Prepared statement...............................................;.......................................... 19 Bentley, Hon. Helen Delich, a U.S. Representative from the State of Maryland................................................................................................................ 4 Bentley, John, attorney........................................................................................... 49 Fields, Hon. Jack, a U.S. Representative from the State of Texas................. 2 Foster, Nancy, Chief, Sanctuary Programs Division, Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Ocean Service, NOAA............... 74 Prepared statement.......................................................................................... 75 Grimm, Jack F., owner, Grimm Oil Co., Abilene, TX....................................... 49 Hollis, Jon, spokesperson, Titanic Historical Society, Inc., Indian Orchard, MA........................................................................................................................... 10, 22 Hoyle, Brian J., Director, Office of Ocean Law and Policy, Department of State........................................................................................................................ 74, 76 Prepared statement.......................................................................................... 78 Jones, Hon. Walter B., a U.S. Representative from North Carolina, and chairman, Merchant Marine and Fisheries Committee................................ 1 Lee, John P., attorney............................................................................................. 49, 68 Lent, Hon. Norman F., a U.S. Representative from New York...................... 2 Mooney, Rear Adm. John B., USN, Chief of Naval Research (prepared statement)....._...................................................................................................... 110 Pope, Louise, survivor of the Titanic, from Milwaukee, WI............................ 48 Ryan, William B.F., associate professor, Lament Doherty Geological Ob servatory, Columbia University......................................................................... 49, 51 Prepared statement...................................;...................................................... 53 Scheina, Dr. Robert L., U.S. Coast Guard historian, U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation (prepared statement).................................... 108 Searle, Capt. W.F., Jr., USN (Retired), chairman, Searle Consultants, Ltd. (prepared statement)............................................................................................ 87 Wiswail, Frank L., Jr., admiralty lawyer............................................................ 81 Prepared statement.......................................................................................... 83 Additional material supplied: Hollis, Jon: Cargo manifest.................................................................................................. 33 Larder list.......................................................................................................... 39 Onboard provisions........................................................................................... 39 Serviceware and linen..................................................................................... 40 Communications submitted: Blettner, Fay Coutts: Letter of November 5, 1985, to Hon. Walter B. Jones..................................................................................................;.........,.......... Ill Brinnin, John Malcolm: Letter of October 16, 1985, to whom it may concern................................................................................................................... 32 Cembrola, Robert M.: Letter of October 24,1985, to Jon Hollis..................... 28 Gimbel, Peter R.: Letter of October 23,1985, to Jon Hollis ............................ 26 Hindmarsh, Ted and Joan: Letter of October 28, 1985, to whom it may concern................................................................................................................... 27 McElroy, Becky: Letter of November 26, , to Congressman Jones......... 42 rv Page Communications submitted Continued Powers, Marylin L.: Letter of October 21,1985, to Edward S. Kamuda........ SI Sachs, Charles Ira: Letter of October 28, 1985, to Hon. Walter B. Jones...... Ill Thomas, George: Letter of October 20, 1985, to Mr. Kamuda......................... 30 THE TITANIC MARITIME MEMORIAL ACT OF 1985 TUESDAY, OCTOBER 29, 1985 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, COMMITTEE ON MERCHANT MARINE AND FISHERIES, Washington, DC. The committee met, pursuant to call, at 1:40 p.m., in room 1334, Longworth House Office Building, Hon. Walter B. Jones (chairman of the committee) presiding. Present: Representatives Jones, Anderson, Studds, Hughes, Carper, Bosco, Tallon, Thomas, Ortiz, Manton, Shumway, Fields, Schneider, McKernan, Franklin, Chappie, Saxton, and Bentley. OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. WALTER B. JONES, A U.S. REPRE SENTATIVE FROM NORTH CAROLINA, AND CHAIRMAN, MER CHANT MARINE AND FISHERIES COMMITTEE The CHAIRMAN. The meeting will come to order, please. Without objection from any part of the members of the commit tee, the TV cameras will be on during the session. Is there any objection? If not, so ordered. This morning the Oceanography Subcommittee held a hearing on the issue of shipwrecks. This afternoon we will listen to testimony concerning a particular shipwreck of such unique significance as to merit its own hearing. Many consider it to have been the greatest of all maritime disas ters. Like most people, I was intrigued by the recent discovery of the Titanic. Shortly thereafter, I introduced H.R. 3272. This bill memorializes the shipwreck of the Titanic as a gravesite to the more than 1,500 passengers who perished with her. Immediately after this tragedy occurred in April 1912, the Senate held hearings to learn of its cause. Seventy-three years later, this committee will reopen discussion of the Titanic disaster. However, the purpose of our meeting today is to establish a record by which Congress can determine how the United States should now proceed, given the fact that the Titanic has finally been located. Some folks would like to see the shipwreck salvaged immediate ly. Others feel strongly that she should remain undisturbed where she rests on the ocean floor. H.R. 3272 will ensure that we give thoughtful consideration to all of these views before any activities proceed. (l) The first three panels are composed of witnesses who represent both viewpoints and include the leader of the American discovery team, a representative of the Titanic Historical Society, one of the survivors of the Titanic, and a gentleman who probably wishes to salvage the shipwreck. The fourth and fifth panels will specifically address the language in H.R. 3272. The administration will give its views on the bill. NOAA will then talk about its experience in developing guidelines for managing shipwrecksites. NOAA, of course, has demonstrated its expertise in managing another
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