Con a - MARCH-APRIL 2001 VoL. 5 No. 6 Dear Reader • ord that the Bonneville Power Sc~arred Administration is on the verge W of bankruptcy, as Rep. Peter DeFazio, D-Oregon, alleges (see story, Page 3), comes as no surprise. Given its l=>aradise: history--:- destroying salmon runs in the ;\ EDITORIAL l\Ac>11ta 11a Columbia, failing to restore them, shun-: ning conservation, promoting the Whoops nuclear fiasco - the BPA has been morally bankrupt for decades. Its checking account is just now catching up WHO WILL HELP THE DYING PEOPLE OF with the rest of chat corrupt body. Nothing in its history, however, com• LIBBY? pares with the current outrage. The BPA by Jane Fritz Page 8 is giving aluminum companies billions of dollars · worth of subsidies and power A NEW START FOR THE GREAT BEAR . while claiming it can't afford co protect RAINFOREST salmon in a drought. One big reason is a by Ian Gill Page 14 series of cozy deals it cue with aluminum companies in 1995. The BPA wants co protct those industries, but if we have to THE USUAL STUFF choose, lee the BPA and aluminum com• panies fall off the face of the earth, but FIELD NOTES: BPA plan gives billions to ESSAY: The Lasting touch of a global citizen save the salmon. aluminum companies: Bush budget delivers by Edward .C. Wolf 16 The Doomsday Clock for salmon is ticking faster and faster. Two years ago, little for nature: Spin Cycle: Return of the MAIL , 16 Trout Unlimited released a study show• sea otter 3 ing Columbia River salmon would likely BOOK REVIEW: Fast Food Nation. reviewed go extinct by 2017. An updated version SAY WHAT by Jo Ostgarden 3 of that study, released in April, moves by Elizabeth Grossman 17 the predicted extinction date up a year to COMMENTARY: Reducing Your Emissions 2016. What chat means is the salmon CASCADIA RESOURCE DIRECTORY 18 need more protection this year, not less, Doesn't Result in Cleaner Air and it's looking less likely we'll have by Andy Kerr 3 them around long enough for our grand• children to enjoy. RESET : 6 The new power deals with alu• minum companies suggest a little corruption has been added to the soup. Treasury Secretary Paul O'Neill, the former CEO of Alcoa Aluminum, made millions as his stock portfolio soared in value on the news of these deals. He claims he had no influence over the deci• sion, but the Wall Street Journal sees a conflict of interest nonetheless. So do we. Editor/Publisher Paul Koberstein BOAflD OF ADUISOflS The other scandal involves former [email protected] BPA CEO Randy Hardy. Hardy cue cher• Susan Alexander. San Francisco, Calif. ry deals with the aluminum companies in· Operations Manager/Publisher Robin Klein Peter Bahouth. Atlanta, Ga. 1995 when he led the BPA. Now he's [email protected] Pamela Brown. Portland, Ore. working for the companies, helping them Art Direction Bryan Potter Design Ellen Chu. Seattle, Wash. dig deeper in the public's pocket. Senior Editors Elizabeth Grossman David James Duncan. Lolo, Mont. In the end, it's impossible to see much difference between the BPA and Jo Ostgarden Pat Ford. Boise, Idaho the aluminum companies. They're all Contributing Editors John Paul Williams Michael Frame. Bellingham, Wash. Steve Taylor working for the same goal. And make no Ian Gill. Vancouver, B.C. mistake, that goal is not salmon recovery. Cascodia Times is published six times a year by Cascadia Times John Haines. Portland, Ore. -P.K. Publishing Co., 25-6 Northwest 23rd Place, No. 406. Portland OR Neva Hassanein, Missoula, Mont. 97210-3534. Subscriptions are $20 per year. $36 for two years. James Karr. Seattle, Wash. The entire c9ntents of Cascodia Times are copyright © 200 I Ken Margolis. Portland, Ore. by the Cascadia Times Publishing Co, and may not be reproduced Marshall ~ayer. Helena, Mont. in whole or in part without permission of the publisher. Nancy Newell. Portland, Ore. The publisher encourages unsolicited manuscripts and art, but Christopher Peters. Arcata, Calif. cannot be held responsible for them. Manuscripts or material Catherine Stewart. Vancouver, B.C. 0 unaccompanied by a self-addressed stamped envelope will not be 0 (',I returned. Cascodio Times encourages electronic submissions to Jim Stratton, Anchorage, Alaska e-mail box cascadia@sp,ritone.com. We reserve the right to print Sylvia Ward. Fairbanks.Alaska letters in condensed form. Charles Wilkinson. Boulder, Colo. Founded 1995 by Paul Koberstein, Robin Klein, and Kathie Durbin How to Reach Us e (503) 223-9036 • http://www.times.org • 25-6 NW 23rd Place, No. 406, Portland OR 97210 Field M-from-Casc------adia BPA plan gives billions to almmnumcompanies by Paul Koberstein

n a search for a way out of an energy crisis partly of its own making, the IBo nneville Power Administration is proposing co give the aluminum indus• try billions of dollars if it would just shut down in rhe Northwest, at least for the next two years. If the industry goes along with this plan - spelled out in proposed new five-year contracts that would expire in 2006 - the region would seem co have an easier time balancing competing demands for water and power. The alu• minum industry consumes an enor• mous block of hydropower, and the cost of providing char energy has risen so much in recent months chat salmon recovery programs and the BPA itself are threatened. But the deal is under sharp attack from environmentalists. Three activists, including a former U.S. con• gressman, Jim Weaver of Eugene, have filed notice with the Ninth U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals that they will chal• lenge the deal in court. The other plaintiffs are Kevin Bell of Seattle and

CONTINUED ON PAGE 4 Reducing Your EmissionsDoesn't Result in Cleaner Air

by Andy Kerr The Clean Air Act is unique ro all other Jaw as it rec• ognizes local air as a finite resource. National air quality guesc on Jefferson Public Radio is waxing elo• standards are set for a variety of pollutants: parciculaces, quently about the need for alternative transporta• nitrogen oxides, sulfur organic oxides, carbon monoxide, Ation in Southwest Oregon's Rogue Valley, reinforc• ozone and lead. Air quality, as measured in each airshed, ing my beliefs chat society must switch co cleaner burn• must meet these standards. (The issue of whether the ing fuels and more efficient, economic and convenient standards are high enough to actually protect the public forms of public transportation. I am enjoying the enthu• health and view is not the subject here [ they are norl.) If siastic rap until I discover who is saying it. an airshed consistently violates clean air standards then government regulators can impose increasingly stringent COMMENTARY rules. If chat's not enough, then sanctions-such as cut• ting off federal highway money-can be imposed. The speaker is a Jackson County Commissioner who Since growth greatly depends on highways, growth opposed the Cascade-Siskiyou National Monument, sup• would essentially stop if such sanctions were imposed. ports a return to the bad old days of ancient forest logging Under current law, the only way to stop growth is co and favors finishing the Elk Creek Dam (which, accord• grossly pollute the air. (Not that I'm recommending the ing to the National Marine Fisheries Service, could finish strategy) off Rogue River coho salmon). Many airsheds are often hovering near the national As one who helped establish the monument, derail limits. As pollution levels rise (along with population), the dam and keep both forests standing and fish swim• local government imposes additional regulations to ming, I couldn't reconcile how this official could be so reduce per capita pollution. right on air quality and transportation, and be so wrong on Consider automobiles. New vehicles are much less forests and salmon. By the time he was talking about the polluting than old cars, but only if they are properly benefits passenger rail between Grants Pass and Ashland, maintained. Both the Portland Metropolitan Area and I had reconciled his obvious gross disregard of land qual• the Rogue Valley have mandatory aucomobile testing ity and water quality and apparent high regard for air that is getting more complex and expensive. (Testing ' quality. Maybe he knows someone who is sick due to air will be coming to the rest of Oregon; if population grows, _.-.~lll!!llllf N 1 0 pollution. However, given he is also a proponent of pop• it's just a matter of time.) As an airshed grows in popula- 0 ulation growth in the Rogue Valley, it's more likely chat rion, each individual's share of the air decreases, resulting he understands how the federal Clean Air Act works. CONTINUED ON PAGE 4 e Field Notes c o N 11 N u E a

Lloyd Marbet of Boring, Ore. administrator of the BPA in 1995. Incentives programs. Funding would "The BPA is giving the aluminum Today, Hardy is a consultant co the alu• increase for the Forest Service's Forest companies extra benefits that no other minum industry involved in the nego• Products program and the Department industry will get," says Bell, an energy tiations with BPA. of Agriculcure's Wildlife Services consultant in Seattle who estimates the Program which carries out predator benefits approach $1.5 billion a year. control. Reneging on another cam• "They will receive hundreds of mil• paign promise, Bush's budget allocates lions of dollars to refurbish their plants $13 million rather than the $100 mil• for conservation measures, and the lion he pledged co spend on tropical BPA promises to build new energy Bush budget rain forest conservation. plants for them, for free and with no A budget proposal chat would strings attached." delivers little effectively eviscerate key elements of The BPA figures it's about 3,000 the Endangered Species Act prevents megawatts short of power this year. By the Fish and Wildlife Service from any cutting off the aluminum companies, it for nature spending to comply with Endangered could reduce that shortfall by half. It by Elizabeth Grossman Species Act protections required by still may be forced to buy power at court orders resulting from forthcom• high prices on the open market. "That oming on the heels of President ing citizen lawsuits. A suit to list a could force untenable rate increases or Bush's reversal of a campaign species under the ESA could be threaten BPA with bankruptcy," says C pledge to curb carbon-dioxide brought, but no Fish and Wildlife Rep. Peter Defazio, D-Oregon. emissions, withdrawal of the U.S. from money spent to enforce the resulting Bell said that the aluminum con• negotiations on the Kyoto treaty to cur• listing. Limited funded would be tracts could ruin the agency and under• tail greenhouse gasses, repeal of a rule available only to comply with existing cut its obligations. "If BPA did not reducing arsenic levels in drinking court orders or for listings designated have contracts with the aluminum ·water and near-reversal of a regulation by a new set of criteria determined by companies, BPA would not be killing requiring salmonella testing of meat the Secretary of the Interior. fish, and would not be broke," he said. destined for school lunches, it should• Representative George Miller (D-CA), "It is not BPA's intent to drive the n't be surprising that his proposed speaking to the San Francisco aluminum industry out of the region," budget for Fiscal 2002 significantly Chronicle, called the Bush proposal the BPA said. "Rather, the planes cues spending for environmental pro• "crazy." Senacor John Kerry (D-MA) should resume operations when the tection. In addition to reducing federal told the New York Times "any and all power situation stabilizes. During the funding for conservation, the budget tactics" would be considered to defeat downtime, BPA would provide funding also pointedly redirects spending the measure. for employee compensation co mini• toward activities that exploit rather Despite current energy shortages, mize impacts on local communities." than preserve natural resources. the budget cues energy conservation A close look at the BPA's decision The budget released Aprif 9 cuts programs aimed at developing more reveals chat the industry is not being funding for the Environmental fuel-efficient vehicles and appliances asked to make a big sacrifice, however. Protection Agency and Department of by almost half. Funding for research on By closing their Northwest smelters, Interior by 6.4 and 3.9 percent, respec• global warming and implementing where production coses are higher than tively. It would reduce EPA staff energy efficiency would decline. Cues elsewhere around-the globe, producers responsible for enforcing federal envi• in the Department of Energy budget like Alcoa can reduce aluminum sup• ronmental laws and shift these respon• would also slow clean up of leaking ply while boosting prices and profits. sibilities co the states. The Interior waste tanks at the Hanford Nuclear This deal looks so good co chem chat Department would receive Jess money Reservation. Washington Attorney on April 10 - the day after the BPA for Bureau of Land Management General Christine Gregoire has threat• announcement - the value of alu• wildlife programs but more for oil and ened to sue the Bush administration if minum company stocks shot up on gas exploration on public lands - both these funding levels are not improved. average 4 percent. on and offshore. The budget calls for a The budget continues the Pacific A big winner was U.S. Treasury "Clean Coal Initiative" - $2 billion Salmon Recovery Fund, federal money Secretary Paul O'Neill, who recently over 10 years for the seemingly impos• for salmon restoration in Alaska, was employed as CEO of Alcoa sible: burn coal pollution-free - and Washington, Oregon and California; Aluminum and still owns its stock. swifter prooessing of applications co and allocates more than $25 million for The Wall Street Journal said the deal drill for oil gas on BLM lands. It allo• the first steps toward removal of the raises conflict of interest questions cates money co prepare for oil drilling Elwha Dam on the Olympic Peninsula. about O'Neill, whose stake in the alu• in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge But in terms of overall funding for minum supplier rose "several million and ties funding for solar and renew• · Northwest salmon restoration, the dollars on April 10 alone." able energy sources to revenue from oil budget "at best funds the status quo" The BPA has a long history of cut• and gas leasing in the Refuge. says Shawn Cantrell of Friends of the ting controversial deals with the alu• Bush's budget would fully fund Earth. "le fails to appropriate sufficient minum industry. In 1995, they signed the Department of Agriculture's Land funding to follow through with the long-term deals delivering 1,500 and Water Conservation Fund but Columbia Basin salmon recovery plan megawatts of power at below-market eliminate spending for the Wetlands released by the Federal Caucus in prices. Interestingly, Randy Hardy was Reserve and Wildlife Habitat December 2000."

00.... Reducing your emissions doesn't result in cleaner air coNT1NuEo FROM PA Ge 3 :E .:: in progressively more limitations on wood stoves, fireplaces, icy. Any new controls would improve air quality. c lawnmowers, lighter fluid, barbecues, paint, etc. Then My wife and I bought a Toyota Prius, a gasoline-electric i5 c come high-occupancy vehicle lanes, higher taxes to fund hybrid sedan (52 mph city, 41 mph highway). EPA classifies u public transportation, and so on. it as a "Super Ultra Low Emission Vehicle" (SULEV). It c00 u These requirements co reduce our per capita pollution emits 10% of the pollution that an average car. While we've make-and do not make-sense. Running a gasoline lawn• significantly lowered our per capita pollution (and equally 0 mower for 60 minutes is like driving a car for a hundred raised our green bragging rights), the air in the Rogue Valley ~ miles. We must reduce our per capita pollution. won't be the cleaner for it. In fact, all that we've really done ·c a. Nevertheless, under the current scheme (which assumes is to make room in the Rogue Valley airshed for nine-tenths <( I population growth is a given), doing so doesn't mean the air of another car. ..c ~ will get any cleaner; it just won't get any dirtier. Or nine more if they are all Priuses. • ro i: The option of not growing to maintain air quality (not to mention all chose ocher qualities) has not been consid• Andy Ke1T is founder and president of Alternatives to Growth ered. If Oregon weren't growing in population, then no Oregon that contends that growth is no longer desirable or additional controls would be necessary co maintain air qual- inevitable. www.AGOregon.org Winner: The mining industry. The de

The 4-5 foot tong southern sea otter off the California coast may come to Oregon. Photo courtesy Friends of the Sea Otter

ing the sea otter back. The Return of the Sea Otter But which one? Scientists aren't. certain whether Oregon's sea otters By Robin Klein they are of the northern variety, native were of the southern or northern to Alaska where they are planned for species. The Alliance recruited he adorable sea otter, hunted listing as a threatened species. Portland State University scientists to to extinction along the U.S. Yet sea otters are still absent along collect bone samples of the native TPacific coast a century ago, the Oregon coast. And it's question• Oregon sea oner and compare DNA may be making a comeback. But it able whether they would ever make with the northern species from the won't be easy. It's not hard to see why their way back by themselves. Bue if Aleutians, and with the southern the sea otter was killed off by fur Dave Hatch of the Siletz Tribes, and species from California. To give any traders. Its luscious fur, so thick that EcoTrust of Oregon, have their way, re-introduction effort the best chance one square-inch grows typically 30-50 the sea otter will once again frolic of succeeding, the Alliance is follow• times the number of hairs on an entire along Oregon shores. ing guidelines set forth by the World human head, is the thickest of any ani• Hatch and Eco'Trust Conservation Union which mal, superior to beaver and river otter launched an effort calls for re-introduced pelt. The sea otter's fur insulates the in January aimed animals to "prefer• animal (which has no blubber) from at re-introducing ably be of the cold marine waters by trapping an air the sea otter to same sub- layer. Once thriving and abundant - Oregon. They species or hundreds of thousands of otters swam formed the off Oregon before vanishing by 1906 Elakha - zero now remain. More than a mil· Alliance, lion Oregon sea otters were slaugh• which tered. includes rep• The southern variety of sea otter, resentanves which ranges from Central California of tribes, south to the Mexican Baja, has been universities, all but completely wiped out. In wildlife California, protection efforts have agencies, helped the few survivors grow into a the Oregon small but thriving popularion. Still, the Zoo, and the southern otter is listed as endangered. Oregon Coast Some sea otters can also be found off Aquarium tO the Olympic coast in Washington, but work on bring-

Hunted to Death: Fur traders and sea otters Cook noted the potential this part of the continent of Americans. Russians were 1725 Russian explor• of the sea otter trade: "The North America, where so landing ships loaded with er Vitus Bering is ship• fur of these animals, as valuable an article of com• fifteen thousand fresh sea wrecked on Bering-Island mentioned in the Russian merce maybe met with, otter pelts. in the Bering Sea. Captain accounts, is certainly softer can not be a matter of and cre,v survive thanks to and finer than that of any indifference." sea otter fur. The Empress 1867 The sea otter others we know of; and populations are tn such Anna immediately com• therefore the discovery of poor shape that the missioned a full-length 1785 English Capt. cloak, and the Russian Hanna initiates the com- Alaskan Territory was no longer of interest t0 the quest for its fur begins. mercial fur trade for the English. Russians and it was sold to The French the United States. Few 177 4 The Spanish followed the remain in Oregon. are now murdering the next year and Alaskan natives and the sea the year Frank Priest and otter. 1906 after that Joe Biggs kill the last 0 Robe re native sea otter reported in 0 N 1778 Not co be out• Gray left Oregon in Newport. They 1: done, the English, Jed by Boston 0.. sold it for $900. <( Capt. Cook finally show to repre• I ..c up. Just before his return sent the ~ =Based on research. ro trip co Hawaii, where he L by Dave Hatch managed to get himself murdered by the natives, 0 RE~ Fresh Woks at stories we've been watching race as rhose jvhich were extirpated." i-1 Getting the species right is just conspiring co manipulate the price of one of the challenges the alliance natural gas by agreeing co kill pipeline faces. Even more difficult may be ~rougM imperils f nergy companies projects that would have brought ensuring a sound ecosystem to sustain ample supplies of cheaper natural gas an otter population, given the loss of ~ort~west salmon c~arged wit~ price to Southern California. The gas com• kelp and other damages to Oregon's panies deny any impropriety. marine ecology during the last centu• ith rainfall and snowpack in ry. Hazards like fishing nets ensnare the Pacific Northwest at gouging in [alifornia the otter, while oils spills can destroy record-low levels, a rising W The Federal Energy Regulatory the animal's blanket of air, causing demand and growing shortage of elec• them to die of hypothermia. tricity from the region's hydropower Commission says two companies that sell electricity to California might have Port ~ngeles Pulp Hill "The ocean we see today is not the dams, 2001 may be disastrous for fish. healthy ocean, which belongs here," On April 3, the Bonnevilie Power engaged in actions designed tO inflate writes Hatch in a January 2001 article Administration which operates eight prices there, potentially earning $10.8 leaues loKic legacq on the Tidepool web site. The once dams on the Columbia and Snake million in excessive profits. Unless the companies, Williams Energy Marketing Timber company Rayonier's plan extensive kelp beds are missing. All of Rivers declared a hydropower emer• and Trading and AES Southland, can to clean up its Pore Angeles mill site the sun's energy that used to be con• gency allowing them to send water four years after it closed down opera• verted to food now falls on a desert in through the dams' turbines rather than show they did not violate federal Jaws, the agency will require them to refund tions faces controversy. Rayonier also an ocean." spill it to aid migration of spring wants to use city facilities to treat In Alaska sea otters have been salmon. Although these salmon are profits earned in April and May 2000. FERC says it may require 13 generat• arsenic, lead and cadmium, dioxin, declining because orcas have turned protected by the Endangered Species to eating them. Scientists believe that Act, this declared emergency, under a ing companies, including Williams, to mercury and PCBs that leach from the b~ l,·k .:.- ct ing from the surrounding heavily tim• and county governments work together ,~ .:<~~" i~~~.'··\-~ L~~ ~ bered and mineral-rich Cabinet 5 to provide adequate health care for so z Mountains, Benefield knew that by her many sick people, and the ~:r' doing extensive research into company, Environmental Protection Agency's ~ agency, and court documents, it would emergency .response crews grapple ~ fly in the face of the community's trust in with clean-up, Libby residents are . l industry and companies like W. R. Grace. looking for some hope in an otherwise "After· all," she says, "the company tragic story. Lately, many sick Libby was a big benefactor in the community" residents have come forth to tell their Anything that the community wanted, scories and share how dust from the the company provided, she says. mine which they didn't know was dan- "People don't.understand that the mine only employed around 200 people. Our f:~~:~~ slowly killing them and their , ,,~ f e S.,t1.11 ch l {l 1()\"I lumber industry employed at least 1200 1 di Benefield's father, Perley Vatland, \ 1.t ' I 11()\"' II people. But if any community organiza• had worked at the W. R. Grace & tl · l l tion needed anything, W.R. Grace was Company vermiculite mine in Libby 11 la 11' I () 18 f p8( )p 8 18 I'8 always the one to jump to the fore• until he fell ill with asbestosis, a fatal 'f front." The company also had influence lung disease resulting from asbestos ·· 11a d di ed l politically. Earl Lovick, a local Grace exposure. His was the first case of the lJ () I'· 1 () \ f\/ 111a 11 y administrator, served on the school disease in Libby to be settled under • l H board, hospital board, and helped run Workman's Compensation. The com- \f\tere Sl(' { the campaign for Republican Bill pany paid him $20,000. He died in .... / 1 -Gavla Benefield Crismore, a state senator, 197 4 at the age of 62, just five days shy But by the time her mother died in of what would have been 20 years of 1996, Benefield 's i nvestigacion employment at the scrip mine on revealed shocking details: W.R. Grace Zonolite Mountain. knew there was an asbestos problem As her mother's health· worsened, when they purchased the lucrative 40- Gayla Benefield's persistent question• year-old mine from the Zonolite ing finally got the answer she dreaded, Company in 1963. Even so, Grace con• but had suspected. Margaret Vatland sistently had failed to disclose to work- was also diagnosed with asbestosis, the ers the health risks from working at the first wife of a miner in Libby co get the Libby site, especially in 1969, when an disease, Benefield. says, from the in-house medical study showed 92 per- c, tremolite-laced dust brought home cent of its long-term workers were suf- t from work on her dad's clothing. fering from respiratory illness. ~ "Back then, we didn't know much A 1980 memo discussed company ! about the disease or what was causing options on a proposal from the National -4 it," she says. 1'We still didn't know how Institute of Occupational Safety and i many other people here had died or Health (NIOSH), to study tremolite at ; how many were sick." . the Libby operation. Benefield says Trernolite asbestos is a very potent the company favored a pre-emptive form of the asbestos mineral that intrud• epidemiological study, delay tactics ed the vermiculite. Its fibers are micro• . With both her parents falling vic• an Erin Brockovich-like investigation and political pressure to sidetrack the scopic and when inhaled become tim to a disease caused ·by the same of W. R. Grace and its Libby vermi• federal agency and suppress health lodged in the lungs, causing scarring of toxin, Benefield, the outspoken moth• culite operation. data tO protect economic interests. N the lining or pleura. Eventually asbesto• er of five and a grandmother, worried Libby has always been a company Routine air quality inspections of 8 sis, lung cancer, or mesothilioma, an about the health of the rest of her fam• town. It's rural, natural resource-based the mine by the state of Montana were extremely rare cancer of the chest and ily, and others in: her community. She economy was built upon the backs of abdominal linings, can develop. decided to take action, launching into generations of men who wrestled a liv- CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE ..,, Cover&~------often done when it was either raining hen in the fall of 1999, the tide or the mill wasn't operating. finally turned. In 1982, the company had advised T "In August, 1999, I had the to opportunity to go up Rainey Creek," & the Libby school district encapsu• Health Impacts Sludv Results late the high school track built from says Benefield, "ro the mine site. What 1 saw there just appalled me:· waste mine tailings, saying the material was LINCOLN COUNTY contaminated with uemolire asbestos. piles left with nothing growing on It was eventually paved over with them. I've never been an environmen• Rate 60.2 per 100,000 asphalt. talist and· I've probably shun environ• Ir was also in 1982 that President mentalists because of the community I Ronald Reagan appointed J. Peter live in; but, suddenly I realized this Grace, then CEO of W R Grace, to should not be this way." what became known as the Grace A month !acer a legal notice in the Commission, a citizen body respcnsi• local P.aper caught her eye. Montana ble for recommending to Congress was about to release the final reclama• tfil) tion bond - $66,700 - on the last 125 / 1 I\ -· deep cuts in the Environmental ' 'y""' Protection Agency's budget and cur• acres at the mine site. Benefield ' . /• . learned that five years earlier, a half of J . tailment of their investigations. The , .I I EPA had came to town in 1980 to a million dollars had been returned to . ,, ;>' c.. j ,, investigate rhe asbesros-conraminated the company. She was livid. -: "I spent a week calling every r----, vermiculite. Benefield believes the • ~ ~ agency I knew," Benefield says, "ask• ' Wl-\ Grace Commission report led the EPA - ir~ -, to drop the study two years later. ing them if they were aware that 300 -, ~ people had been diagnosed at that time J- C ~ { According to Thomas Dixon, the EPA -~ ry• " :"'!' researcher on the study at the time, a with asbestosis including children of ! ,; -c) ,. ~ + .. 1.-1 budget cut is what forced the agency to miners. Each agency denied any r ' ' focus on higher prioritv concerns such knowledge of any problems with the as asbestos in schools and dioxins. mine; each agency informed me that Nevertheless, by 1996 Benefield that property had been properly had become a determined whistle• reclaimed by their standards. I started blower. asking 'who's working for who'?" "I started to carry the message to Benefield next signed a formal our elected officials, right up to the complaint with the state Division of governor's office," Benefield says. Environmental Quality. It got the ball DEATHS PER MILLION Libby is former Montana Governor rolling and caught the attention of Marc Racicct's hometown. So she fig• Andrew Schneider, a reporter from the ~ .>10 ured somebody would do something Seattle Pose-Intelligencer who had J, about her findings and the overwhelm• been following W.R. Grace after (rlc ing statistics, but she got no response. Woburn, Massachusetts residents had \ ll Os-10 gone to court, a battle that became the No one took action. While Racicot nev• Age-adjusted mortality rates by county ~ er visited his hometown to offer assis• foundation for the book and movie, "A 1-i.~ Oo-s tance and denied knowing anything Civil Action." Nationwide news cover• U.S. residents age 15 and over, 1983-1992 "~ about the problem, other evidence age soon brought the EPA back to town. Ozero shows chat the Montana State Board of But she admits, within the community, Source: National Center for Health Statistics multiple cause of death data. Population estimates trom U.S. Bureau of the Census Health was first aware of possible even at that point, ir was a fight. health impacts as far back as 1956. , "There was complete denial that chis So Benefield moved from political had ever happened." she says. Now, ublic health officials from exposed in the 1960s and '70s are just after more than a year of what she calls correctness to becoming a persistent Denver and Atlanta studying now being diagnosed. If you lived in thorn in the side of every elected offi• an uphill battle for victims and their the health impacts in Libby Libby before the '80s, you're at risk, cial, both locally and in Helena. Most ~ families to receive the health care they P people thought she and the handful of need, and with millions of Superfond from asbestos now believe that they he says. others chat got involved were crazy. dollars being spent on asbestos dean• are among the worst in the country. A second round of health screenings "But the biggest catalyst came up in Libby, Gayla Benefield has found Conservative figures show that the by ATSDR is planned for this summer when the first two (adult) children of a her niche as a citizen activist. number of deaths are 60 times with 2,000 more people scheduled to She now voluntarily heads the tax• miner were diagnosed," Benefield be interviewed, x-rayed and analyzed. exempt, nonprofit Lincoln County greater than a community without says. "'That was the real warning bell. Black is one of the doctors that Suddenly, if they could get sick, who Asbestos Victims Relief Organization. asbestos contaminatio"n. Some 200 else could?" But as more and more The group is both an informational area residents have already died follow up on many of those screened people in Libby got sick and died from resource and assists victims with funds from asbestos-related diseases by ATSDR. Of the nearly 500 patients he's diseases linked to asbestos, nobody but for medication and transportation not linked to the problems at the defunct I seen so far, 70 percent never worked at covered by the health plan funded by c the victims and their loved ones W.R. Grace & Co. vermiculite mine : the mine nor had a family member who seemed concerned enough to do any• W.R. Grace. in Libby. Several hundred more ! did. His findings are providing input for thing about it, not even the medical Her energy is seemingly boundless as she also travels around the country have been diagnosed. i a research study at the University of community who simply treated the n ~ problems as rhey came up. and regularly to Helena and Washing• A preliminary study released i Montana's Center for Environmental > ! The exception was Or. Richard ton, D.C., to speak to whomever she early this year by the federal :" Health Sciences on the connections .. ~ can about Libby's plight She also 0 > i,- Irons, the county health officer who in Agency for Toxic Substances and ~ between lung disease and asbestos. 5!" c.. the early '80s traveled to company ~ attended a global asbestos conference " > Disease Registry (ATSDR) found Ore mined at Libby contains asbestos fibers. And even though smoking cigarettes -< ~ headquarters in Cambridge, Mass., to 3 in Brazil and helped citizens of raises the stakes exponentially, Black ii: : meet with management over health i Warwick, New York, defeat plans to that 30 percent of the 6,000 adults U problems with people living in Libby. ] reopen a tremolite quarry there. Their screened in Libby last summer had lung abnormalities. The results says the most vulnerable sector of the population is the children. It's ::; Internal memos reveal that the compa• ~ common bond, she says, is death and are much higher than medical officials expected, and could actually now known that hundreds of children growing up in Libby came into 0 ] illness from asbestos dust. ~ ny feared that Irons was about "to blow be much worse. For example, they don't include people who lived contact with asbestos while playing on ball fields, playgrounds and run• -r; the whistle." The company took no ] "The common theme is the com- )> in Libby and moved away. ning tracks constructed from raw ore or mining tailings, or by leaping -o 1,:; panies always knew and had no regard 1 action, but Iron? soon and unexpected• Dr. Brad Black, Lincoln County health officer, says it usually takes 10 into storage bins of Zonolite. 0. .1::. !y moved from Libby. 2 for the people," Benefield says. "I tell ~ to 40 years for asbestos-related diseases such as lung cancer, rnesothe• "It's a raw deal," says Black, who worries that the number of locals m 1 them, 'Don't feel sorry for us in Libby; ,: Top: Tremolile asbestos fibers seen through an electron microscope. Middle: The former use it as a lesson and don't let it happen liorna and" asbestosis to appear af1er significant exposure. People harmed could reach into the thousands. -J.F. W.R. Grace & Co. mill in Libby. Bottom: Norila and Les Skrams1ad. to you."' CONTINUED ON PAGE 12

~ ---~~~~~~~~~~~~~- Coverg-, ......

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 10 with the 300 sites around the country "If anybody has a good, healthy twenties, had a wife and family and as where vermiculite ore and products pair of lungs, how much you want for far as industrial jobs in Libby went, it ersonal injury claims against W.R. were shipped. Bankruptcy protection them?" quips Les Skrarnstad of Libby, was considered one of the, best places Grace have been one recourse for leaves 125,000 lawsuits against the · "I'll buy them." in town to work. There was a strong P people· in Libby. Gayla Benefield company in limbo, including ·125 from Like other people with asbestosis, camaraderie among the workers, too, took the company to court in 1998 in a sick and dying residents of Libby. Skramstad has trouble breathing. Tall, he says, easily recalling the names of wrongful death claim for her mother Benefield also believes the compa• very thin, and looking older than his 64 many of the ocher men. But as he tells and a jury awarded her $250,000. She· ny intentionally spun off its assets creat• years, he was diagnosed with the dis• his story, he adds that most of them adds that's what it would have cost ing subsidiaries that insulate its wealth ease in 1996. Skramstad began working have died. He's pretty sure that out of Grace t0 put a change room in at the from victims' lawsuits. In 1995, Grace for the Zonolite Company in 1959, the 130 people that worked at the mine mine so the men wouldn't have tracked was a $5 billion company. Today it has before W. R. Grace & Company pur• when he did, only he and four ochers the asbestos dust home to their fami• less than two billion in sales with over a chased the company, and stayed nearly are alive today. lies. The company had offered her billion dollars in asbestos liabilities. three years .. His first job was as a Les Skramstad left the Zonolite more than double that amount to settle Democratic · Sen. Max Baucus sweeper in the dry mill. Company a year before it was bought out of court, but she would have had to recently came to Libby and met with "It was so unbelievable. The by W.- R. Grace. His wife wanted to sign a gag order and she wanted the Gayla Benefield and other members of amount of dust... you can't even move to Kalispell, Mont., and so they guilty verdict. the Community Advisory Group describe how much it was. When it'd did. After a couple of years they Hers was one of four cases that (CAG) on asbestos issues to discuss get six, eight, 10 inches deep then returned to Libby and Les found other went to trial. Grace lost all four with solutions to the problems the commu• they'd send a sweeper in there co work. verdicts ranging from $75,000 to nity faces. Baucus promised co take the sweep it down. You'd put it in a wheel• The change in ownership from $656,000 for a rota! of $1.4 million. group's request of a Congressional barrow, then on the waste conveyor Zonolite to W. R. Grace in 1963 didn't ..' Other cases have been settled' out of investigation into Grace's corporate belt, and it cook it out on the side of the change operations very much. Grace court for undisclosed 'sums · of money. activities back to Washington. The mountain and dumped it. Incidentally, worked to improve the ventilation sys- · In the year 2000 alone, Grace paid out CAG also asked Congress to block the a lot of it is still there." tern somewhat, but the Stace reported $15.6 million in awards for 64 cases bankruptcy move. - They called it "nuisance dust." that their housekeeping was so poor related to its Libby operations. . Benefield told Sen. Baucus that if But management never told Skramstad that it counteracted any improvements. But in April 2001, W.R. Grace & Grace goes bankrupt, "the community or the others that it was contaminated Essentially, much of the asbestos-laden. Co. filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy of Libby will end up becoming totally with deadly trernolite asbestos. "nuisance dust" remained for the protection. The move stays any other devastated. No one's life is worth what Eventually he was given a respirator to workers to inhale, and it also was blown personal injury claims from people in a bankruptcy court can offer. Arid that's wear, but it would gee clogged in less into the air through large chimneys at Libby and other class action lawsuits pennies." than a minute. So like the rest of the the mill for the rest of the people in associated with the mine. Benefield Baucus pledged to do everything men, he hung it on a nail on the wall. Libby to breathe. says with the bankruptcy Grace is humanly possible to make Libby whole "You just couldn't get enough air The EPA estimates that in the years avoiding its responsibility for the again and bring justice to Grace. "Since wearing it ... " he says. that Grace owned the mine and before deaths and illnesses it has caused in I've been in public service, I've never Skramscad enjoyed working for the they were forced by · the state and Libby, and to the people associated seen anything as outragious as this." Zonolite Company. He was in his early NIOSH to convert to a wet-mill process l P ;\ Invcsliqalions Continue to Ulhcr \\1• 11. Grace Sites

nvironmental Protection Agency on-scene coordinators, Paul for now. Grace also blocked EPA access to the mine site. But now with Peronard and Due Nguyen oversee the Superfund asbestos a court order in hand, the agency will finally dispose of contaminated E clean-up and removal activities in Libby. They also consult with soils there. The delays have cost the government time and money and· EPA Toxicologist Christopher Weis and officials at the Agency for Toxic left the people in Libby at risk, Peronard says. Substances and Disease Registry, to determine how tremolite asbestos "The impact here is huge, off the scale in terms of epidemiological has impacted the health of area's residents and to assess the risks· of measures," he says. "I haven't seen a site that really compares with this. on-going exposure. Ultimately, their work may change the federal There's more people sick around Libby than ever documented at Times regulatory levels for asbestos exposure. To date, the federal govern• Beach or Love Canal." ment has spent $19 million on investigation, cleanup and risk and In addition to Libby, the EPA has expanded its investigations into health studies in Libby. It expects to spend another $16 million more 18 processing plants across the nation where vermiculite ore was this summer. Investigators have taken some 12,000 air and soil shipped. These actions also prompted Sen. Patty Murray, samples and removed thousands of cubic yards of asbestos• D-Washington, to ask for new congressional hearings on contaminated soil from the export and expansion plant sites. the the hazards of asbestos and to see that its use is ~ A second round of tests for airborne fibers is also underway banned in consumer products. :E .:: in some of Libby's homes and gardens to develop a risk In April, Grace filed for protection under federal ~ assessment model using improved sampling methods bankruptcy law. Two days before Grace filed, the : and more sensitive detection equipment. EPA sued the company again, demanding $10

~ Tremolite asbestos fibers are so small a: million in cleanup money. The lawsuit, like all the c w 0 . u that sometimes it takes an electron z others against Grace, is now on hold. It may c z.J O microscope to detect them. ultimately shift the financial burden of the w I ~ After W.R. Grace & Co. denied the I- cleanup in Libby to the U.S. taxpayer. Cuts < §_ EPA entry to the screening plant site, the ~ to EPA's spending have been included in the 1 EPA sued and gained access, but only i Bush administration's proposed budget. ~ after a protracted legal battle. The site is ~ ···Neither of these is good news to those ~ next to unpaved Rainey Creek Road, ~ working in the field. which is also contaminated with asbestos: g "There's a lot of uncertainty," says The Superfund team will pave its surf ace l Nguyen. - J.F. in 1974, 5,000 pounds or more of asbestos are hard to detect and once being diagnosed with asbestosis. the rest of the community has empow• asbestos fiber spewed from the stacks airborne, they're easily inhaled and Skramstad asks, "Where's it going ered Skrarnstad co do more than just on a daily basis, carried by winds all over lodge in the lungs. Scarring occurs as to stop?" wait to die. He has helped Gayla the town. Les and his wife, Norita, the white blood cells unsuccessfully try A couple months ago, Libby's Benefield get the word our, traveling remember the fine dust: It was every• to destroy the invader. It takes time for school superintendent asked the EPA last year even co Washington, D.C., to where-on cars, lawns, playgrounds. asbestosis to manifest - 10 to 40 years. co sample and check all the school play• fight a bad bill in Congress that was Over the years that followed, the The scar tissue builds up enough to grounds, school cracks, ball fields, day introduced by then Senator, and now Skramstads began to cake notice of a reduce the elasticity of the lungs and care facilities, and public parks for Attorney General John Ashcroft. It pattern in the deaths of former workers inhibit breathing. Eventually, the vic• asbestos contamination. Either raw ore would have limited the industry's in their community. tim suff ocaces. or mine tailings were used in several financial support to asbestos victims. "We'd read in the paper chat some• Gayla Benefield is a friend of Les places as cheap fill. The EPA only The bill failed. body had died and in many cases I'd Skramstad and his wife Norita, When found traces of asbestos under cracking Skramstad feels a sense of personal recognize the name right off as guys he developed a persistent cough asphalt that was used to cap these filled responsibility to his community to do who worked for Zonolite or W.R. despite treatments for bronchitis, areas on the high school and middle what he can, despite failing health. So Grace," he says. "We'd just go to the Benefield convinced him to go to school tracks. Bue just chis April, an old, chis year, he and his wife also made two funerals and haul them out to the Spokane and see Dr. Alan Whitehouse, ice skating rink at Plummer long trips to Helena, the state capital, cemetery and didn't know why. Most of a pulmonologist who has diagnosed and Elementary School lately used to house including one to testify against a bill in the times they weren't old enough to treated several hundred of Libby resi• bicycle racks was discovered co be con• the state legislature chat would limit be dying." dents for asbestos-related diseases. taminated with asbestos ore from the asbestos worker claims to Workman's Skrarnstad also worked downtown The doctor cold him he had asbestosis. Grace mine. The agency immediately Compensation, and another to meet at what was called the expansion plant "My wife and I drove home from responded by covering the barren dirt with Governor Judy Martz. at the end of Libby's main street. It was Spokane and never said a word," with plastic and four inches of soil and Their eldest son, Brent, joined next to the export facility where the Skramstad says. About halfway home, roping off the area with danger signs. them in the meeting with the governor. raw vermiculite ore was bagged, loaded he pulled the car over and in his soft• The soils will be removed when school He lives in Havre, Mont., and like his into box cars and shipped by rail to spoken way said, "By God, I've just is out. parents, has asbestosis. Already the hundreds of places across the country. been given a death sentence. That's a Even though Les Skramscad only manual labor he's used to doing is get• There he heated the vermiculite to pretty stiff price to pay for two and a worked a couple years at the vermiculite ting difficult because of Jack of air, and very high temperatures and popped it half years of work." They never said mine, his days of dealing with W. R. he can't find insurance coverage for like popcorn, expanding the golden, another word to each ocher the rest of Grace aren't over by a longshot. His wife health care. But Brent Skramstad is far mica-like flakes into a puffy, light• the way back to Libby. Norita has also been diagnosed with more concerned about his own chil• weight substance that doesn't burn. With Benefield's encouragement, asbestosis and three of his five children, dren. They once lived in Libby, coo. They named it Zonolite. Millions Skramscad filed a personal injury claim a son and two daughters. Tremolite is The Skramstad family asked Gov. of pounds of vermiculite were expand• against W. R. Grace. His was the first highly electrostatic rn nature. He Martz to help the people in Libby, ed in Libby and other places and sold across the country first by Zonolite Company and then by W. R. Grace as 11Tl1e home insulation, potting soil, lawn fer• <~0111111tln1t\/ of Libhv will end up beco111111q tilizer, and many other consumer prod• uces. The mine in Libby, until its clo• lol allv dcvaslalcd. 1\10 one's hf e is worl h wha! a sure in 1990, supplied 85 percent of the ' world's vermiculite, both as ore and these manufactured products. It was ban l, ru pt C\ co Lt rt ca n oft er. 1\ nd t hat 's pennies." always sold without warning labels even though it contained trernolite asbestos. The insulation alone is esti• case co go to jury and he was awarded unknowingly brought the deadly micro• especially 111 resources from the mated to be in millions of homes across $600,000. He never saw that money, scopic asbestos fibers home on his cloth• Department of Health and Human the country. though. W. R. Grace lawyers appealed ing and in his automobile. Services. They said the governor made In 1977 the company discussed the decision, and figuring he would die "It's too big of a load to carry. vVe no promises, but seemed earnest in her whether to close the Libby mine, dis• before the matter was settled, didn't have this coming," Skramstad concern with Libby's plight. Her father continue sales of Zonolite, or to adhere Skrarnstad contacted the company and says. "Just for me to have a job, they was a miner in Butte who died from sil• warning labels to its produces. But renegotiated a setclemenc to get what shouldn't have had co forfeit their lives. icosis, another occupational respiratory because the company feared any of money he could. A gag order prevents I shouldn't have either, but, the fact disease. these actions would seriously diminish him from disclosing the amount. that my family had no idea and I had no With Grace filing for bankruptcy, company profits of millions of dollars, ln Libby, W. R. Grace scored the idea that I was dragging it home, taking health care from the company beyond each idea was dumped and Zonolite expanded vermiculite in bins next to it home to my wife and kids, that is this year rs uncertain, says Alan stayed on the market until 1984, when the expansion plane which was also unforgivable. And still that company Stringer, the Grace representative in legal problems with asbestos finally adjacent to athletic fields in town. don't seem to care. I don't know how Libby. That's not good news for the forced the company's hand. A bagging Having kids playing on the ball fields I'm going to handle it if others come people of Libby, says Les Skramscad, operation of finer grade ore continued next to the expansion plant was dan• down with it ... I guess cowards way since it can cost up to $500,000 in at the former expansion plant in Libby gerous enough, Les Skrarnstad says, out of it, l won't be around to witness health care for che last five years of an until 1990. W.R. Grace co this day but leaping into the bins was also a it, but it will still be there." asbestosis victim's life. insists chat its products are safe. popular pastime for Libby's young• The bad news continues to plague "People are still being exposed," Les Skramstad claims that sters. A rope hung from the rafters and them. The Skramstad's just got word he says. "I cannot stand by and watch it Zonolite Company workers or W. R. the kids used it to swing into the piles that their youngest daughter, Sloan, has take innocent people be they wives, Grace employees in Libby weren't told of Zonolite. During a ballgame, those scarring on her lungs and chest wall. kids, grandmas or grandpas." As long as ~ of the asbestos, or "tramp material" as kids not on the field would play in the She's 32 years old. She wasn't born he's got the strength and air to do it, he ~ the company called it, clinging to the popped vermiculite. Parents encour• until several years after her father says he will help his community handle = vermiculite ore, nor of the health haz• aged it because they thought it was worked at the mine. By then the fami• chis tragedy, somehow. ;: ards this tremolite asbestos posed. He safer than playing by the Kootenai ly had returned from Kalispell and And there's one thing Les -t even recalls one day being told to drive River behind the dugout. lived in a different house. But, her Skramscad wants from W. R. Grace. le up to the mine site and shovel a pick• The Skramstad's own kids played mom says she never missed a game of "Never have they said that they were ""Cllt up load of what he was told was ball on those fields. Sampling done by softball. It took Les and Norira wrong. They have never once said six ~ asbestos rock, bring it down co the the EPA and health studies by the Skramstad quite by surprise. words: 'We were wrong, we are sorry.'" • ~ 7 expansion plant, dry it out with fans, Agency for Toxic Substances and "Just when I get to the point that I )> Jane Fritz writes from Sandpoint, Idaho. iJ and bag it up. It amazes him still. Disease Registry (ATSDR) now show chink I can handle what's been happen• :J. "We had no idea that it was lethal. chat many Libby children were ing, we get this news and it stirs every• A version of this story has been published by We just cleaned it," he says. He didn't exposed to tremolite in this manner thing up again," Les Skramstad says. the Inlander, a Spokane weekly. g know what asbestos was back in 1960, putting them at extreme risk to lung "It's just devastating ... it retires my but he now knows industry did. diseases. Now as adults in their lace anger (towards Grace)." The needle-like fibers of tremolite twenties to late thirties, they, too, are The tragedy in his own family and ~ .

A Ne eCrea rest

/Jy Ian Gill cast, once the ur floacplane nd assuming a down in a pr reed to. The O central coas onfront a hard its name from refused to do, Na'wamu, which close by." We ha the ancient Mah'was, the o top cutting in human occupaci e, but increase the oldest cont thus maintain• in all Canada, . nnual Cut. tory of Na'wa has to be dras- the oldest mar wide, and peo• on Earth. e North or the Not long' e their forests judged agains new gov to accommo• lenia-the was low-ba e coast. If the deposited itsel for the end o · illing capacity cove, around J hich promote alized. the cannery t a or says that will cost 5 t products abroad, my guess decisions like white man cal. for which the government aven't seen the last of this years ago co Today it is losi battle against marked $10-million for "s me form. This is not to cast squander hundre !lions of dol• time and tides, the buildings mitigation." Weyerha,. . of my colleagues lars propping up a terprises like rotting along the ike so many dent Linda Coady ovement who the pulp mill at Po rd. We could bad teeth. It is h · · e much evi• more like $40 milli veek's truce, ill afford that then, squeeze on dence of Mah 'was atically did Meantime, wh Greenpeace public finances o get a loc the cannery and t verwhelm done in the futu t the media tighter. the ancient villages ecosystem based, wi Why? W · bvious con• what a century of the lead. Thus ends Not being' , I didn't take clusion · of the AAC blink of time in the vith Greenpeace verbatim quotes, er message was revenues to ry- left behind. To. campaign a sue• in essence: today we call off make long ruinous mess. A carera , sheathed kets campaign, nure system, ily live there and valian . ote secondary dock and a few buildings, cturing of wood wise, a town that once rever That's all going to the hew and clatter of hundre ere is also a price tag on souls is now silent, senescent. eccions that have been put in The point has been made before e already, and any further procec• but bears repeating, which is that the non co come. industrial revolution was predicated on The government is rightly commit• the notion that it was perfectly fine to ted to negotiating co-management come to a place-Na'wamu a century agreements with coastal First Nations ago, Gold River or Tumbler Ridge for .how any protected areas accommo• more recently- to liberate its inal righcs and interests co send them someplace else waters. However, till pack up and leave when gement agreements cold. And as for the · into account the pies? Well, tuck the. ip and manage• corner on a reserv d areas. They can have a insist chat any can't own anyth · nding formulae ....oo white man's vii d don't unfairly I= here, but we'll vith the costs of .= wealth of these I waters for public c the natives. And rals can start co c years, that's pre cloning plans to u= 00 pen ed. ars abroad attack- c u So what happ In early April, all these caveats 8 This has happen risk of taking just a N Haan as, Carman a • bloom of last week's 'C a. Kitlope), and it will <( hard part of all this is J:. (South Chilcotin, Taku), implementing a corner- co~ it was the central coast's turn: · 6 the deal, which is First L central coast, the logging industry was The es· Nations-led ecosystem-based forestry. forced to curb its appetite for fibre, and applause for having ha , Under the agreement coastal First First Nations were offered tremendous to complete so much on this Nations will undertake their own land- use plans-in fact, most have through deals, we are entering a been doing something akin to period of what we at Ecotrust call this for several years in order to a "just transition" in ownership prepare for treaty negotiations. back co First Nations. Not own• Then, a new dawn will ership of everything, and nor bring with it a· renewed and owership without responsibili• invigorated economy along the ties, but ownership nonetheless. central coast. Yet Gordon To succeed in building com• Hamilton reported in The munities of prosperity and Vancouver Sun that Gordon resilience along the coast, First Wilson, B.C. 's forests minister, Nations need assets-land and said timber for First Nations marine resources in the first will come from supplies that for• instance, as a base from which to est companies are not harvest• build diverse and conservation• ing now for economic reasons. based enterprises, and to build This says more about the new communities in territories absurdities of our current log• liberated from the chains of ging industry than it does about industry's mechanical advance che value of our resources, but across their homelands. none of us should underesti• What will these communi• mate the immensity of the task ties look like? Ac Namu, at of implementing ecosystem• Butedale, at Ocean Falls, and at based forestry and making it pay dozens of other places along the its .way. It will cost money, seri• coast, we have manifest exam• ous money, to capitalize conser• ples of what not co do. vation-based forestry on the Environmentalists succeeded in coast. Happily, we can point to portraying the Great Bear at least one place where tenta• Rainforest as pristine, but the tive first steps in this direction reality is that industry has have been taken. already cut a swath through the In Clayoquot Sound, Iisaak region and left little but ruin in Forest Resources made a mod• its path. est profit in its first year of oper• Miraculously, we have been ations as a First Nations/ given the gift of a second Weyerhaeuser partnership in chance. Today, the task at hand which Nuu-chah-nulth nations is not to build economies and are majority owners. The old 0 communities that will sputter for school operations guys in coastal ~ another hundred years. No, we forest companies (including ~ are now about one week into a Weyerhaeuser itself) scoff at ~ project to build one economy• Iisaak as a niche play, more ~ a conservation economy-and social engineering than forest ~ many, many communities that engineering, and judged by con• ~ will last at least another 11,000 ventional standards they are ~y~~. • v right. However, conventional · ~ Jan Gill is executive director of standards no longer fit the bill Ecotrust Canada. detailed analysis all to itself, but thus• The real art to Iisaak, however, is in British Columbia or, more impor• far at least, any real premium for con• that it truly follows an ecosys- tantly, in British Columbia's overseas servation-based forest products- 1, _; . tern-based plan, not a volume• markets. So in the new school, Iisaak Native or otherwise- based plan, and the tenure thusfar is the star student. Has it been remains illusory. is in First Nations con- easy? What are the challenges? Can it trol. Through get co scale? That is deserving of a treaties, and/or

IV 0 0

The British Columbia decision protects habitat for the kermode. or spirit. bear. Photo courtesy Simon Jackson. [IE'J .

And absolutely characteristic of that colors the problems we perceive the things she hadn't had a chance to The Lasting Touch Dana to find such a way, in the midst of and the solutions we propose. tell us yet. About the human genome a press of commitments most of us can Dana lived her principles fully. project, for example. About global of a Global Citizen: scarcely imagine, co build and nourish Cultivating the land at Foundation warming. About why an Office of community, Farm, the communal farm in the Faith-Based Programs might serve nei• An Appreciation of I came to be one of the "folks" 13 Connecticut River valley that was her ther faith nor community needs. I will years ago, when Dana and I worked home for 27 years. Cultivating a world• also wonder why every editorial page Donella Meadows together for a short time on companion wide network of systems thinkers and couldn't make space for this intelligent by Edward C. Wolf materials for a documentary series doers who met each year at a lake in and loving voice, this voice we so man• called "Race to Save the Planet." Since Hungary. Cultivating a vision of sus• ifestly need, amid the ideological clat• ike clockwork, each Friday then, a connection with Dana has been tainability achieved through communi• ter that passes for debate on public pol• morning the first link Ifollow on one of the reassuring continuities of my ty, which became the Cobb Hill icy today. Tidepool (an online eco-news professional life. Cohousing project and the Dana Jvf eadows' extraordinary L was a service at www.tidepool.org) is to the Dana wonderful writer, Sustainability Institute. life's work and her untimely death offer latest "Global Citizen" column by whose clarity, conviction, and passion As attuned co the evidence of sea• a few simple lessons: advanced sustainability over nearly 30 Donella Meadows. There I've come to sons outside her doorstep as to the lat• -Life is unexpectedly fragile. expect insight served up with grace, years. In every newspaper column, est scientific findings on climate -Life is unbearably precious. commentary that offers a gentle educa• essay, and book, Dana showed her change, Dana brought the global and tion about things that really count. I'm unusual gift for making the most corn• local together in a compelling and -Life is an unknowable mystery never disappointed. plex issues - from endocrine dis• authentic way. that seeks always to teach, whether or Each month I have looked forward rupters to campaign finance reform - I grieve at knowing Iwon 't feel the not we are prepared co learn. accessible and tractable. even more eagerly to a modest little warm embrace of those words, "Dear Wherever our convictions lead us Dana was a profound thinker, who newsletter that arrives in my mailbox, folks," again. I'll miss those monthly and wherever our homes place us, wore her Ph.D. (in biophysics!) lightly, Xeroxed on plain paper, bearing the scories of farm life: lambs born, sheep Dana would say, we must not take the looked at the world and saw systems, simple greeting "Dear folks." The escaped to neighbors' pastures, the lat• communities we build together for and drew eclectically from a smorgas• newsletter was Dana's way of sharing est offerings of the seed catalogues. I'll granted. With her spirit in our hearts, bord of disciplines from physics to Sufi her most recent columns and a more miss imagining Dana composing her we can never do too much to build the wisdom. A teacher who thought to personal recounting of her work and letter in the farm kitchen to strains of just and healthy world that we can begin an environmental studies text• life with a group of "subscribers" who, Verdi and the aroma of baking loaves. imagine - and that we deserve. • I'm sure, all thought of ourselves as book with a chapter on mindsets, to Mose of all, I will miss the passion• Dana's extended family. It was pure help students see that we all bring to ate, informed conviction expressed by Edward C. Wolf is communications direc• delight. the world a lens of our own devising each "Global Citizen'' column - and tor at Ecotrust, in Portland, Oregon.

~ ....

That lastg raph Party, to the tainted election results - I repeat the charge: The Democratic you spew outrage against the very peo• Party has become indentured to the Hard to believe To the Editor: ple whom you should be applauding for corporate interest. More and more it their adherence to principle and their has asked the voting public to swallow I wanted to let you know how To the Editor: much I enjoyed your Jan/Feb '01 edito• unwillingness co submit their vote to concessions to the Conservative ideal the lesser of two evils, in what amount• as a modern formula for liberalism. We recently returned to our home rial. Favorite sentence: Well, the entire in North Idaho after visiting in ed to a fear campaign adopted by the This steady diet of hypocrisy has sick• last paragraph! "In 2004, the Olympia since early in December. Democratic Party must turn to some• Democratic Party. ened democracy in this nation. We'll Many people believe that the never know if Gore would have sold From the window beside where this is one who can connect with the greens being written, we look down on Lake without alienating the average voter. Democratic Party has devolved to this nation or saved it, but with Bush in become nothing more than career path Coeur d'Alene, as beautiful as its It's clear that the best way to save the office, at least the enemy is unmasked. for the corporate kowtower. Ralph Anyway, what is done is done. If name. It's hard to imagine that billions planet is to not destroy it." of tons of toxic metals of one kind or Nader represented neither career the best you can offer is a guilt trip for another rest on the bottom - enough, Sylvia Wart Schultz politician nor corporate lackey. The people with a high enough degree of axes he has ground for the past 40 years integrity co vote for their ideals, then we read to cover a football field, five Fairbanks, Alaska miles deep - and more is being added have been used in defense of human you waste the only good thing that each year fro new releases by the mines rights, public safety and the environ• might have come out of this election: ment. Gore, on the ocher hand, has the conviction held by a large percent• and washing from the rive banks by Don't dismiss Ralph floods and wakes from power boats. turned his ax against all of these ideals, age of this country's population that the Thanks to Barbara Miller we have To the Editor: and more than once. Look into your Will of the People might effect a own archives. When you scrape off the change for the better without giving had che opportunity to read your exten• Initially I would like co send you sive feature on the mining pollution that liberal paint job of the Clinton/ Gore into compromise... and you redefine my appreciation for the excellent has contaminated and continues to cont• expositive quality of the articles you administration, you find they did more democracy as gutless conformity. to harm the environment and the aminate the Coeur d'Alene Basin. We provide in Cascadia Times. In this age would like to thank you for a well• underprivileged during their 8-year Alex Rodriguez of corporate sponsored media propa- researched, well-written article on a sub• term than both Reagan and Bush Sr. Missoula, Montana ~ ganda a counter point to the general ject that should concern everyone in the disinformation fed to the public is sore- could get away with during their entire ! 12 years in office. Why? Because artful• Pacific Northwest - if not the nation. c ly needed. Be that as it may, and with What HCN oughtto be Yours is one of the very few media i5 respect for this need, I feel compelled ly marketed compromises - from NAFTA to Salvage Logging to the accounts that really tells the whole sto• : to challenge you on the editorial you To the editor: demolition of the National Welfare ry. It's magnitude is ignored in the local : published against Ralph Nader in your I like your honest, hard-hitting press, radio and television, perhaps u most recent issue. System - were sold to the voting pub- -lic as "the Democratic alternative." articles about salmon, bears, sage because of an unwillingness to cross O Don't you realize that when you grouse, forests and bad land-use man• People voted for Nader because powerful local interests, fear of reprisal ~ heap blame for the Bush presidency on agement, all issues of importance to or conflict of interest - maybe all of ·c Nader and all those who voted for him, they are sick of the broken promises and never-ending compromises offered me. What I've seen of your paper these. I understand from Barbara that i you promote the same fallacy of impo- strikes me as what High Country News you received threats as a result of the 1. tence that has quashed activism in this by the Democratic Party. Nader repre• !: ought to be. article. We are sorry that this should <-' country for the past 20 years? sented the only political candidate that most of his supporters have ever been B.K. Gilbert happen co you for telling the truth. :[ Instead of attacking the corruption PhD College of Natural Resources . in our democracy-from the right lean• able to vote for with confidence - and if their vote put Bush in office, well .... Utah State University . Bob and Jeri 1JfcCr oskey G ing, compromise seeking Democratic Logan, Utah Harrison, Idaho t t • B.ook _ ...... Arts & [ffim Arctic Refuge - B O O K R E V I E W A Circle of Testimony compiled by Hank Lentfer and Carolyn Servid, avail• able on-line through www.worldashome.org c/o The bottom of the fast food chain Milkweed Editions, 114 pages (A dona• tion is suggested to. aid protection of reviewed by Elizabeth Grossman Teen-agers and recent immigrants ficial flavors" present in almost every the Refuge) - Faced with threats from make up much of this work force. processed food product. McDonald's the Bush administration to open the efore discussing the meat of this Young and needy, their inexperience is infuses French fries and chicken sand• Arctic National Wildlife Refuge to oil book I feel compelled to confess easy to take advantage of. These wiches with chemical essences that and gas extraction, Carolyn Servid and B that I have never eaten a employees will work long hours, are mimic beef callow. A milkshake's Hank Lentfer, long time residents of McDonald's hamburger, did not grow easy to intimidate and often accept strawberry flavor almost certainly Alaska, invited a group of writers totes• up eating fast food and generally poor and dangerous working condi- came from a test tuhe rather than a tify on behalf of the Refuge. The result abhor the stuff - though I do appreci• tions, Fast Food Nation details piece of fruit. It's scratch-and-sniff - is this anthology of impassioned essays ate the clean restrooms. I may also be appalling examples of all. Turnover in not mom's griddle - that creates the and poems. Contributors - most of the only one who's ever ordered an the fast food business is huge and the aromas that bring fast food customers whom live in Alaska - also include "Egg McMuffin" in Rawlins, companies profit from it. Workers who back for more. Yet the laundry list of Rick Bass, Wendell Berry, Barry Lopez, Wyoming and returned it in Rock don't stay long are eligible for fewer volatile chemicals that produce an arci• Bill McKibben, Terry Tempest Springs because instead of holding the benefits and less likely to become ficial fruit flavor sound benign when Williams and President Jimmy Carter. meat, they held the egg. compared to the story behind a "quar• Career, McKibben and Gwich'in writer Given my distaste for fast food ter pounder." Sarah James' essays are among chose and the widespread knowledge of its In chapters called ""The Most that make the most lasting impression. detrimental effect on the American Dangerous Job" and "What's in the The collection has been distributed to diet, I didn't expect to find revelations Meat," Schlosser - who was brave every member of Congress, in hopes of in Fast Food Nation. But journalist enough to don waders and visit keeping the Refuge a refuge forever. Eric Schlosser's thoroughly researched slaughterhouses - details the grue• and well-written probe into the indus• some business of meat processing. Tinkering with Eden try that has transformed American Hazardous and repugnant would be an - A Natural History of Exotics in roadsides, eating patterns and agricul• understatement. Workers are usually America by Kim Todd (W.W. Norton ture was quite an eye-opener. unskilled and often recent immigrants $26.95, 302 pages) recounts the flood of Fast Food Nation traces the fast recruited specifically for the undesir• exotic species that has inundated North food industry from its origins in able work. Severe injuries are com• America since the arrival of European California hotdog stands to the monplace. Injured workers are often settlers. Many of these species are so umpteen billion burgers and chicken . poorly attended co and exploited. The ubiquitous it's hard co imagine the nuggets sold as America spread its American . landscape without them: gospel of commerce around the globe. house sparrows, the rock doves we call Yet Fast Food Nation is far more than pigeons - brown trout. Ip a stylish lit• a lament for the loss of home cooking erary history, Todd tells how various and mom-and-pop diners. It is a seri• exotics came to this continent and their ous piece of investigative journalism meat processing industry and restau• effect on the natives. "'vVe chose star• into an industry that has helped con• rant chains who purchase from them lings and gypsy moths and h.oneybees, centrate American agribusiness into . continually lobby against government just as clearly as we chose the Grand the hands of hardly more than a dozen unionized. Schlosser recounts how regulations that would improve work• Coulee Dam and the Sears Tower," corporations, and whose labor prac• McDonalds and their ilk have fought er and food safety. writes Todd. "What we have ended up tices are often shameful. Jong and hard against unions, some- "Anyone who brings raw ground with ... is an ecosystem at risk, biodi• The McDonald's, Wendy's and times closing down scores co prevent beef into his or her kitchen today must versity in decline, and a scramble to Burger Kings of this world have their workers from organizing. He also regard it as a potential biohazard," eradicate exotics and reintroduce roots in California of the 1940s and describes the pitfalls of the franchise writes Schlosser. High-volume, high• natives." '50s. The burgeoning population of business and consequences of devot- speed meat production fosters the the state's people and cars created a ing real estate co fast food. spread of dangerous contaminants, culture which spread as the interstate Then there's the food. At the low- making it easy for virulent strains of Using the metaphor highway system was laid down and er end of the fast food food chain are bacteria like E. coli and listeria to of aikido, the martial art that relies on suburbs sprawled nationwide. Seeking the potatoes. Some 80 percent of the infect large quantities of meat which leverage, This Place on Earth 2001: to satisfy the appetites of this newly uniform strings of potatoes scooped are then shipped all over the country Guide to a Sustainable Northwest mobile population, shrewd entrepre• out of fry-baskets all over America are and consumed by unsuspecting din• by Alan Thein Durning et al. neurs like Carl Karchner, Ray Kroc grown and processed by three compa- ers. Schlosser minces no words in (Northwest Environment Watch and the McDonald brothers stream• nies, Simplot, Lamb Weston and explaining a major source of contami• $12.50, 116 pages) presents a series of lined the southern California drive-in McCain. "The multinational food nation. It's simple, he says, "there is what the authors call "sustainability diners with which their empires companies," writes Schlosser, "oper- shit in the meat." Factory-farmed reforms" for preserving the ecological began. With a sharp eye for a real ate French fry plants in a number of poultry and pork have no happier health and quality of life in the Pacific estate deal, sense of how to capitalize different regions, constantly shifting stories. Northwest. There are detailed pre• on a proximity to Disneyland, and production to take advantage of the Fast Food Nation ends with a call scriptions (and examples) of how to some of the first advertising aimed at lowest potato prices. The economic for Americans co demand better treat- n encourage urban density, improve mass children and teen-agers, they devel• fortunes of individual farmers or local ment of restaurant workers, and : transit, protect open spaces and wilder• oped assembly-line food production communities matter little in the grand healthier, safer food produced under : ness, discourage environmentally offering a standardization new to scheme." The same could be said of better conditions. "Nobody in the 5! :Ill destructive subsidies while encourag• restaurant food. When manifested in corporatization in the ranching and United States is forced to buy fast -t ing environmentally friendly business the form of identical burgers, shakes poultry business. And if the homoge- food. The first step toward meaningful i and industrial practices. Curbing popu• and fries from coast to coast, nization of farming and overwhelming · change is by far the easiest: stop buy- ; lation growth and taxing pollution are Americans' increasing mobility and reliance on chemical fertilizers, herbi- ing it," says Schlosser. After reading 3: among the recommendations. The desire for familiarity became a busi• cides, pesticides and fungicides this book, that should be easy. • ~ book will likely provoke debate in ness worth billions. weren't disturbing enough, Schlosser tr urban-planning circles. My note of cau• To fuel such mass production of reveals "why the fries taste good." ,? tion to the authors who advocate denser food and maintain profit margins, costs Anyone who's traveled the New :J. and taller cities as an antidote to sprawl to Iv of materials and labor have be kept Jersey turnpike has seen the belching 0 and excessive driving: Do Northwest• down. It's well documented that fast smokestacks and acres of manufactur• 0 erners really want to live in Manhattan? food workers occupy the lowest eche• ing facilities. Among the products con- Can we improve our practices without lon of the American service industry. cocted there are the "natural and arti- relying on crowding? E.G. Cascadia Resource Directory These organizations are working on issues highlighted in Cascadia Times. Contact them to find out more and get involved.

OREGON stored at Hanford, the nation's largest high-lev• [email protected] el nuclear waste dumpsite, and the health of the www.ortrout.org 1000 Friends of Oregon Columbia River Basin. 534 SW Third Avenue, Suite 300 25-6 NW 23rd Pl. #406, Portland, OR 97210 Pacific Rivers Council Portland, OR 97204-2597 (503) 235-2924 Protects/restores rivers, their watersheds, and Get Listed! (503) 497-1000 robi [email protected] native aquatic species. Current programs FAX (503) 223-0073 emphasize aquatic conservation in forested in the Cascadia Times Headwaters watersheds. Resource Directory Kalmiopsis Audubon Society Headwaters works to protect Oregon's forest and PO Box 10798 For just $15 your organizaticn can be Active in protecting forests and defending watersheds through citizen advocacy, policy Eugene, OR 97440 listed for one year (6 issues). Send up Oregon's land-use laws. Our national award-win• reform, environmental education and economic Phone: 541-345-0119/FAX 541-345-0710 to 20 wo rds describinq your organiza- ning "Storm Petrel" is a valuable environmental change. www.pacrivers.org tion, business or event. along with newsletter. PO Box 729, Ashland, OR 97520 P.O. Box 1265, Port Orford, OR 97465 your address, phone, fax, e-mail and Street address: 84 Fourth St, Ashland Rainbow Video and Film Productions website to: [email protected] (541) 332-6009. (541) 482-4459 Producing documentaries on threats to our air, or call (503-223-9036) www.harborside.com/cc/audubon FAX (541) 482-7282 water and forests. Working with citizen groups [email protected] using videos as activist tools. Teaching produc• Audubon Society of Portland http//www.headwaters.org tion skills to young activists. and use of Willamette Basin rivers and streams. Audubon Society of Portland is a community of 2217 NW Johnson caring people actively learning about and pro• 408 SW 2nd Ave., Suite 210 The Nature Conservancy of Oregon Portland OR 97210 Portland, Oregon 97204 tecting native birds, wildlife and wild places, in Preserves biological diversity through voluntary [email protected] the city and beyond - join us! (503) 223-6418 private action. We purchase, manage and restore www.rainbowvideoandfilm.com www. willa mette-riverkeeper. org 5151 NW Cornell Road, Portland, OR 97210 ecologically significant habitats with help from (503) 292-6855 our members and volunteers. Sierra Club - Oregon Chapter WaterWatch of Oregon FAX (503) 292-1021 821 SE 14th Ave, Portland, OR 97214 The Sierra Club's High Desert Committee is work• Rivers need water: WaterWatch works to keep [email protected] (503) 230-1221 ing with landmanagement agencies and envi• water in its natural course-thus protecting fish www.audubonportland.org FAX (503) 230-9639 ronmental conservation organizations to protect and wildlife, maintaining clean water, and pro• www. tnc.orq/ orego n Oregon's high desert. Cascadia Forest Alliance viding recreation to all Oregonians. Sierra Club OR Chapter High Desert Committee 213 SW Ash St., Suite 208 Cascadia Forest Alliance watchdogs timber sales, Northwest Environmental Advocates 3701 SE Milwaukie, Suite F publishes a newsletter and holds educational Portland, OR 97204 NWEA works to reduce pollution and protect Portland, OR 97202 503) 295-4039 events every third Thursday to encourage effec• habitat through implementation of federal laws (503) 239-8478 tive grassroots forest protection. I [email protected] and to stimulate development of renewable www.waterwatch.org PO Box 4946, Portland OR 97208 energy. Siskiyou Regional Education Project (503) 241-4879, 133 S.W. Second Ave., Suite 302 Siskiyou Project proactively fights the many Western Envi.ronmental Law Center [email protected]. Portland, OR 97204-3526 threats facing the globally outstanding and WELC proudly represents activists, groups, and (503) 295-0490 biologically diverse Siskiyou Mountain range in tribes that seek to protect and restore the West's Conservation Biology Institute FAX (503) 295-6634 Southwestern Oregon. Check out our new web• The Conservation Biology Institute in Corvallis, forests, grasslands, wildlife, and communities. [email protected] site www.siskiyourivers.org and send a free fax 1216 Lincoln Street Oregon recently launched the Pacific Northwest www.a dvocates-nwea .o rg message to the White House and the Governor Conservation Assessment web resource, provid• Eugene, Oregon 97 401 of Oregon. (541) 485-2471/FAX (541) 485-2457 ing a wealth of valuable information on the pro• Oregon Environmental Council (541)592-4459 [email protected] tection status of 40 terrestrial ecoregions Oregon's oldest statewide environmental group, [email protected] www.welc.org stretching from Alaska to California, including OE( works to protect Oregon's clean water and www.siskiyou.org WY, NV, MT, and ID. Included are more than 125 air now and for future generations. 520 SW 6th www.siskiyourivers.org WASHINGTON web links to valuable geographic data sources. Avenue, Suite 940 This information is easily accessible via CBI's Portland OR 97204-1535 Trout Unlimited! 1000 Friends of Washington website at http://www.consbio.org (503) 222-1963 Trout Unlimited is North America's leading 1000 Friends is a statewide citizens organiza• FAX (503) 222-1405 coldwater conservation organization, working tion that manages growth and stops sprawl. Ecotrust Email [email protected] to the conserve, protect and restore trout, For more information, contact Lauren Braden. Ecotrust works to foster the emergence of a con• Web www.orcouncil.org salmon and watersheds. 1305 Fourth Ave., Suite 303 servation economy in the coastal temperate rain Western Conservation Office Seattle, WA 98101 forest region of North America. Oregon Natural Desert Association 213 SW Ash St., Suite 205 (206) 343-0681/FAX (206) 343-0683 1200 NW Naito Parkway, Suite 470 ONDA works to protect the wild lands and water• Portland, OR 97204 [email protected] Portland, OR 97209 ways of Oregon's spectacular High Desert while {503) 827-5700/FAX (503) 827-5672 www.lOOOfriends.org (503) 227-6225 seeking to end industrial abuses of our public a [email protected] (503) 222-1517 fax lands. www.tu.org American Rivers NW Regional Office i [email protected] Main Office: American Rivers is a national conservation orga• www.ecotrust.org 16 NW Kansas Ave., Bend, OR 97701 The Tualatin Riverkeepers nization that protects and restores North (541) 330-2638 The Tualatin Riverkeepers is a citizen-based American rivers and fosters a river stewardship The Environmental Federation of Oregon FAX (541) 385-3370 organization working to restore and protect ethic. Celebrating Ten Years at Work for a Healthy Field Office: Oregon's Tualatin River system. The 150 Nickerson Street, Suite 311 Environment EFO provides support to its 29- 732 SW Third Ave., Suite 407 Riverkeepers promotes watershed stewardship Seattle, WA 98109 member coalition of leading non-profit environ• Portland, OR 97204 through public education, public access, citi• 206-213-0330 mental organizations dedicated to preserving (503) 525-0193 zen involvement and advocacy. FAX 206-213-0334 and enhancing Oregon's natural heritage. FAX (503) 228-9720 Tualatin Riverkeepers [email protected] oo P.O. Box 40333, Portland, OR 97240 I.I.I [email protected] 16340 SW Beef Bend Rd www.amrivers.org :i (503) 223-9015 Sherwood, OR 97140 t= FAX (503) 223-0973 Oregon Natural Resources Council (503) 590-5813/FAX (503) 590-6702 Center for Environmental Law & Policy c [email protected] Engaging activists in our wilderness campaign, [email protected] The Center for Environmental Law & Policy works ! www.efo.org ONRC seeks permanent protection for Oregon's www. tua lati n riverkeepers. o rg to protect and restore the natural integrity and u 00 pristine wildlands, wildlife and waters. enjoyment of Washington's waters. Through c Green Fire Productions 5825 N Greeley, Portland, OR 97217 Wild Wilderness agency oversight, policy research, litigation and ~ Creating communication tools for conservation, (503) 283-6343 "Wild and Free in the 21st Century." Halt the education, we serve as a voice for the public sustainability, & justice O commercialization, privatization and in-creased interest. o 3948 E. Burnside Street, Portland, OR 97214 N Oregon Trout motorization of America's Public Lands. {206) 223-8454 'c (503) 736-1295 Oregon Trout is a regional non-profit conserva• 248 NW Wilmington Ave., Bend, OR 97701 [email protected] a. FAX (503) 736-1319 tion organization that unites concerned individ• 541-385-5261 http://www.celp.org .c1 www.greenmedia.org uals around the common goal of protecting and [email protected] ~ [email protected] ro restoring our native fish and our watersheds. http://www.wildwilderness.org Columbiana Magazine z::: 117 SW Na.ito Parkway By the Columbia River Bioregional Education Hanford Action of Oregon Portland, OR 97204 Willamette Riverkeeper Project. Explores philosophy, practice and cen• Working for an environment safe from the (503) 222-9091/FAX (503) 222-9187 Willamette Riverkeeper uses grassroots education tral issues re sustainable living in the interior uncontained hazardous radioactive wastes and advocacy to restore and protect the health Pacific Northwest. Visit NEWSROOM at Columbiana.erg for weekly postings. [email protected] Southeast Alaska Conservation Council Eugene, OR 97440 2055 Oro-Ioroda Ck. Rd., Oroville WA 98844 www.tidepool.org SEACC is devoted to protecting the prime old• (541) 345-0119/FAX (541) 345-0710 (509) 485-3844 (fax & phone) growth forest of the Tongass - our biggest, www.pacrivers.org [email protected] TREC - Training Resources for the wettest and wildest national forest. pa [email protected] www.columbiana.org Environmental Community (907) 586-6942/FAX (907) 463-3312 Training Resources for the Environmental· [email protected] Earth Share of Washington Community (TREC) provides training and. consulta• www.seacc.org Your gift is shared among leading environmen• tion for non-profit environmental groups including tal organizations working to protect human and fundraising, strategic planning, board develop• OTHER/NATIONAL environmental health in Washington State and ment, and fiscal and personnel management. beyond. "You Can Work for the Environment 23824 Vashon Highway SW, P.O. Box B438 River Network HELP WANTED Every Day" Burton, WA 98013-0438 River Network works to save and protect 1402 Third Avenue, Suite 525, Seattle WA 98101 (206) 463-7800 America's rivers by helping groups organize on Montana Conservation Voters (MCV) has an (206) 622-9840/ FAX (206) 682-8492 . FAX (206) 463-7801 the local level, and by acquiring threatened opening for Program Coordinator, responsi• [email protected] [email protected] riverlands for permanent protection. ble for voter education and electoral activ• http://www.esw.org www.trecnw.org National Office: ities, candidate recruitment, endorsements, 520 SW Sixth Ave, Suite 1130 campaign planning, environmental politi• Kettle Range Conservation Group IDAHO Portland, OR 97204 cal education, membership. and chapter Protecting ecosystem health for present and (503) 241-3506 or 1·800-423-6747 Idaho Conservation Leage development. MCV is a membership orga• future generations. Wilderness: Our Common FAX (503) 241-9256 Wild Idaho! The Idaho Conservation League nization serving as the non-partisan polit• Heritage. Take a walk on the wild side at: www.rivernetwork.org works to protect the waters, wildplaces and ical action arm of Montana's environmental [email protected] wildlife of Idaho through citizen action, profes• and conservation communities. $25,000 - P.O. Box 150, Republic, Washington 99166 sional advocacy and public education. "If it's $35,000 (DOE), excellent benefits. Send 509-775-2667 Pacific Rivers Council not Wild, it's not Idaho." resume', 3 references, 2 writing samples to: http://www.televar.com/-tcoleman Protects/restores rivers, their watersheds, and [email protected] native aquatic species. Current programs Montana Conservation Voters Box 63, Billings, MT 59103 NW Energy Coalition www.wildidaho.org emphasize aquatic conservation in forested phone 406.254.1593 A regional alliance of over 80 diverse communi• watersheds. Boulder-White Clouds Council email [email protected]. EOE ty organizations and utilities, the NW Energy 2895 Oak St. PROTECTING THE BEAUTIFUL Boulder and Whilte Coalition promotes energy conservation, renew• PO Box 10798 Clouds Mountains as wilderness. able energy, Low income programs and salmon restoration. (208)726-1065 219 First Avenue South, Suite 100 [email protected] Seattle, WA 98104 [email protected] (206) 621-0094 Selkirk-Priest Basin Association FAX (206) 621-0097 SAVING SANTA'S REINDEER ... Help us save the [email protected] Last free-roaming herd of mountain caribou left www.nwenergy.org/ nwec in the entire U.S. Box 1809, Priest River, Idaho, 83856 Pilchuck Audubon Society The mission of Pilchuck Audubon Society is to (208) 448-2971 (phone/fax) conserve and restore natural ecosystems, focus• [email protected] ing on birds and other wildlife for the benefit of www.spbainc.org the Earth's biological diversity. ALASKA :;:;:: W. Darryl Thompson-President Thursday- Monday 1803 Hewitt Avenue, Suite 108 Alaska Wilderness Recreation Advance Reservations Required Everett, WA 98201 and Tourism Association (425) 252-0926 Explore Alaska! Our Alaska Adventure FAX (425) 259-6873 Sourcebook lists over 200 ecotourism, and Mob_y Dick Hotel adventure travel guides across the State. Travel Tidepool.org tips and other resources. & Oyster Farm Tidepool.org is the daily on-line news service for PO Box 22827-CT, Juneau, AK 99802 the rain forest coast. A project of Ecotrust. Ed (907) 463-3038/FAX (907) 463-3280 Hunt, Editor [email protected] I 4103 S.R. 4 West, Rosburg, WA 98643 www.alaska.net/" awrta (360) 465-2433 SAVE iNATIVr SAtMON . : . The Moby Dick is the perfect place to go for a BY;ENDIN.G group retreat. Conservation groups, POINTLESS boards of directors, leadership councils and other organizations will find great food and 'l?OtlVTION terrific accomodations to suit your needs. During your stay, make sure you visit our world-class organic oyster beds in picturesque Willapa Bay. Apply fertilizer lightly, if at all TIP# 'it~ Fertilizers applied to your yard can be carried into streams by the rain, where they degrade water P.O. Box 82, Nahcotta, WA 98637 quality and hurt fish and wildlife. This includes (360) 665-4543 • (360) 665-6887 (fax) natural fertilizers like compost and manure. www.nwplace.com/mobydickhotel [email protected]

Fertilizing during the rainy months is often ineffective and environ• mentally damaging. For best results, wait until summer. and apply only as directed. If you use plants native to your area, you will .· (~ not need fertilizer at all! u This is just one way that you can reduce pollution ~·~HOTEL TABARD INN to our rivers and streams. For a FREE booklet with 1739 N Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036 49 more ways, call 888-854-8377. FOR RESERVATIONS OR INFORMATION Help spread the word! Bulk rates available for your business. (202) 785-1277 • FAX (202) 785-6173 BROUGHT TO YOU BY THE OREGON ENVIRONMENTAL COUNOL. PROMOTING CLEAN AIR, CLEAN WATER, AND A SUSTAINABLE ECONOMY. From Alaska to British Columbia to Northern California, CascadiaTimes investigates the crucial environmentalissues and reports in-depth_ on what's happeningto this big, beautifuland endangeredcorner of the world. •

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