Asean Matters for America Matters for Asean
BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA INDONESIA LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR PHILIPPINES SINGAPORE THAILAND VIETNAM BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIABRUNEI DARUSSALAM INDONESIA CAMBODIALAOS MALAYSIA INDONESIA MYANMAR LAOS PHILIPPINES MALAYSIA MYANMAR SINGAPORE PHILIPPINES THAILAND SINGAPOREVIETNAM THAILAND VIETNAM BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA INDONESIA LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR PHILIPPINES SINGAPORE THAILAND VIETNAM BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA INDONESIA LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR PHILIPPINES SINGAPORE THAILAND VIETNAM BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA INDONE-
BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA INDONESIA LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR PHILIPPINES SINGAPORE THAILAND VIETNAM BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA INDONESIA
BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA INDONESIA LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR PHILIPPINES SINGAPORE THAILAND VIETNAM BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA INDONESIA
BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA INDONESIA LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR PHILIPPINES SINGAPORE THAILAND VIETNAM BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA INDONE-
BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA INDONESIA LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR PHILIPPINES SINGAPORE THAILAND VIETNAM BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIABRUNEI DARUSSALAM INDONE- CAMBODIA INDONESIA LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR PHILIPPINES SINGAPORE THAILAND VIETNAM BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA INDONE-
BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA INDONESIA LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR PHILIPPINES SINGAPORE THAILAND VIETNAM BRUNEI DARUSSALAMBRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA INDONESIA CAMBODIA INDONESIA LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR PHILIPPINES SINGAPORE THAILAND VIETNAM BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA INDONESIA
BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA INDONESIA LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR PHILIPPINES SINGAPORE THAILAND UNITED STATESBRUNEI VIETNAM DARUSSALAM BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA INDONESIA LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR PHILIPPINES SINGAPORE THAILAND UNITED STATES VIETNAM BRUNEI DARUSSALAM
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BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA INDONESIA LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR PHILIPPINES SINGAPORE THAILAND VIETNAM BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIABRUNEI DARUSSALAM INDONESIA LAOS CAMBODIA MALAYSIA INDONESIA MYANMAR LAOS PHILIPPINES MALAYSIA SINGAPORE MYANMAR THAILAND PHILIPPINES UNITED SINGAPORE STATES THAILAND VIETNAM VIETNAM BRUNEI DARUSSALAM BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA INDONESIA CAMBODIA LAOS INDONESIA LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR PHILIPPINES SINGAPORE THAILAND UNITED STATES VIETNAM BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA INDONESIA LAOS
BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA INDONESIA LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR PHILIPPINES SINGAPORE THAILAND UNITED STATES VIETNAM BRUNEI DARUSSALAMBRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA CAMBODIA INDONESIA LAOS MALAYSIA MYANMAR PHILIPPINES SINGAPORE THAILAND UNITED STATES VIETNAM BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA
ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA MATTERS FOR ASEAN
AsiaMattersforAmerica.org/ASEAN 1 ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA WEST CENTER IN WASHINGTON CENTER IN WEST - ASEAN BUSINESS COUNCIL BUSINESS ASEAN - ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA/ AMERICA/ FOR MATTERS ASEAN ASEAN FOR MATTERS AMERICA between relationship important the and multi-faceted explores project This of Southeast Asian Nations and the 10 Association States the United this initiative, America for of the Asia Matters Part states. (ASEAN) member the strong explore to tools provide website associated publication and its relationship. in the US-ASEAN connections AsiaMattersforAmerica.org/ASEAN Team Project EAST Ph.D. Limaye, Satu P. Director: Clegg Ruch Grace Caitlin Brophy, Coordinators: Lee, Jeesu Lee, Lee, Jaichung David Orrie Johan, & Content: Research Shao, Stephen Kim Meihua Roy, Htet, Min Nyan Mascariñas, Khun Karen Wong Matthew Wang, Sarah Valente, Short,Matthew Peter US C. Feldman Alexander Director: Nelson Anthony Kathleen Lunardi, Coordinators: Smith, Riley Elizabeth Dugan, Hai Pham, Artha Sirait, Contributors: Wells Matt Solomon, Christopher Center © 2017 East-West Copyright promotes better relations and understanding among and understanding relations better promotes Center East-West The through Asia, and the Pacific States, United and nations of the the people the US Congress and dialogue. Established by research, study, cooperative on and analysis information for serves as a resource the Center in 1960, exchange to bringing people together concern, critical issues of common options. policy and develop build expertise, views, Business Council has been the US-ASEAN the than 30 years, For more operating American corporations for organization advocacy premier (ASEAN). Association of Southeast Asian Nations within the dynamic $6 trillion over generate 150+ member companies the Council's Worldwide, include 13 million people. Members than more and employ in revenue from and range business in ASEAN, conducting US companies the largest Southeast in been working that have companies to the region to newcomers New DC; Washington, in: Council has offices The 100 years. over Asia for Indonesia; Kuala Jakarta, Hanoi, Vietnam; Thailand; Bangkok, NY; York, Manila, Philippines; and Singapore. Malaysia; Lumpur, of Southeast Asian Institute (formerly Ishak Institute ISEAS - Yusof The established in 1968. It is a regional organization Studies) is an autonomous and economic security, the study of socio-political, to dedicated centre and in Southeast Asia and its wider geostrategic and developments trends grouped are programmes research Institute’s The environment. economic and Political Strategic Studies (RES), Regional Economic under Regional The Studies (RSCS). Social and Cultural Studies (RSPS), and Regional (ASC), the Nalanda- the ASEAN Studies Centre is also home to Institute Centre. APEC Study (NSC) and the Singapore Centre Sriwijaya
ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA 2 3 ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA HIGHLIGHTS Highlights
ASEAN IN PROFILE INVESTMENT The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Has the 3rd Largest Population ASEAN Is the Number One Destination for US Investment in Asia in the World and a GDP of $2.4 Trillion ASEAN has received almost $274 billion in cumulative investment from the United States, The 10 countries of ASEAN – Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, more than the US has directed to China, India, Japan, and South Korea combined. Myanmar (Burma), the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam – occupy a strategically important position for trade and security in Asia, and together formed the INFRASTRUCTURE ASEAN Community in 2015. ASEAN Has Over $2 Trillion Worth of Infrastructure Investment Opportunities Investment in road, rail, port, airport, power, water, and telecommunications ASEAN ECONOMY infrastructure is needed across ASEAN in order to maintain economic growth. The ASEAN Economic Community Is Currently the 3rd Largest Economy in Asia and the 5th Largest in the World DIGITAL ECONOMY With over $5.3 trillion in global trade transiting through ASEAN each year, the region is a ASEAN's Digital Economy Is Projected to Grow by 500% and Be Worth $200 Billion hub for global trade and one of the fastest growing economies in the Asia Pacific. by 2025 ASEAN has over 700 million active mobile connections, more than the entire population ASEAN GROWTH PROJECTIONS of the region. The ASEAN Economy Is Projected to Grow by Over 5% per Year and Become the 4th Largest Economy in the World by 2050 TRAVEL AND TOURISM Economic growth is supported by favorable demographics. Almost 380 million people Visitors from ASEAN Add $5 Billion to the US Economy in a Year are under age 35 in ASEAN, approximately 20% larger than the entire population of the Over 780,000 people from ASEAN countries visited the US in 2015, while almost 3.5 United States, and the middle class is expected to more than double in size to 334 million million Americans visited ASEAN. by 2030. ASEAN AMERICANS AND IMMIGRATION THE UNITED STATES AND ASEAN 36% of Asian Americans Identify with an ASEAN Ethnicity ASEAN Member States Are Key Diplomatic, Economic, and Security Partners for ASEAN is a major destination for remittances from the US, with both the Philippines and the US Vietnam among the top five recipients after Mexico, China, and India. The US and ASEAN elevated their relationship into a strategic partnership in 2015, and in 2017 celebrated 40 years as dialogue partners. The US participates in the ASEAN-led EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE East Asia Summit (EAS), the ASEAN Defense Ministers Meeting-Plus (ADMM-Plus), and ASEAN Students Contribute $1.7 Billion to the US Economy in a Year the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF). Over 5,700 US students studied abroad in ASEAN, while 55,000 students from ASEAN studied in the US. TRADE The US Exports Over $100 Billion in Goods and Services to ASEAN SISTER PARTNERSHIPS ASEAN member states, taken together, rank 4th after Canada, Mexico, and China as a goods 92 Sister Relationships between the US and ASEAN Build Civic and People-to-People exports market for the United States, and the US is the 4th largest trading partner for ASEAN. Connections With 70 sister cities and 22 sister state or sister county connections, these ties between the US AGRICULTURE and ASEAN link seven ASEAN countries to 22 US states. ASEAN Is a Top Ten Destination for US Agricultural Exports STATES & CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS ASEAN is the 6th largest importer of US agricultural goods, and the 3rd largest in Asia after 20 US States Send Over $1 Billion in Goods Exports to ASEAN Each Year China and Japan. Over half of US congressional districts export more than $100 million in goods JOBS FROM TRADE to ASEAN. All 50 States Export to ASEAN, Supporting Over Half a Million Jobs in the US Employment from trade to ASEAN creates over a quarter of a million jobs in California, Texas, Washington, New York, and Illinois alone. NORTH KOREA 4 5
ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA SOUTH ASEAN IN PROFILE The Association of Southeast Asian ASEAN IS AT THE CENTER OF A DYNAMICKOREA ASIA PACIFIC REGION rd Nations (ASEAN) Has the 3 Largest CHINA East China Sea NEPAL JAPAN BHUTAN Population in the World and a GDP of INDIA BANGLADESH TAIWAN
$2.4 Trillion MYANMAR LAOS INDIA The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is a 10-member regional VIETNAM Philippine Sea bloc with a combined GDP of $2.4 trillion, a population of 630 million, and a land THAILAND Bay of Bengal mass covering more than 1.7 million square miles. Founded in 1967 by Indonesia, South China Sea CAMBODIA Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand, ASEAN has since expanded PHILIPPINES to include Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar (Burma), and Vietnam. SRI Pacic Ocean LANKA ASEAN holds semiannual ASEAN Summits, numerous ministerial meetings, and Malacca Strait BRUNEI convenes Asia Pacific powers to discuss security and political issues.
MALAYSIA ASEAN seeks to promote economic growth and regional stability among its SINGAPORE members through consultation, consensus, and cooperation based on the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation (TAC). By combining the member states’ influence,
ASEAN has been able to affect Asia Pacific economic, political, and security Indian Ocean INDONESIA PAPUA NEW GUINEA trends to a much greater degree than its members could achieve individually. Sunda Strait ASEAN’s community building effort comprises three pillars: the Political-Security TIMOR-LESTE Lombok Strait Community; Economic Community; and Socio-Cultural Community. AUSTRALIA
ASSOCIATION OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN NATIONS (ASEAN) MALAYSIA SINGAPORE ASEAN Secretariat: Jakarta, Indonesia Capital: Kuala Lumpur Capital: Singapore Population: 630 million Population: 31 million Population: 5.5 million Chair rotates annually among member states. asean.org Member Since: 1967 Member Since: 1967 The ASEAN Economic Community was formed on December 31, 2015. The United States is the largest investor Singapore was the first US bilateral free in Malaysia. trade partner in Asia. BRUNEI DARUSSALAM INDONESIA Capital: Bandar Seri Begawan Capital: Jakarta MYANMAR (BURMA) THAILAND Population: 0.4 million Population: 255 million Capital: Nay Pyi Taw Capital: Bangkok Member Since: 1984 Member Since: 1967 Population: 51.8 million Population: 68.8 million th US-Brunei treaty relations have been Indonesia, the world’s 4 largest country Member Since: 1997 Member Since: 1967 active since 1850. by population, formed a strategic The US restored full diplomatic relations Thailand is America’s oldest treaty partnership with the US in 2015. in 2012 and removed all sanctions in 2016. partner in Asia, dating from 1833.
CAMBODIA LAOS THE PHILIPPINES VIETNAM Capital: Phnom Penh Capital: Vientiane Capital: Manila Capital: Hanoi Population: 15.5 million Population: 7 million Population: 102 million Population: 91.7 million Member Since: 1999 Member Since: 1997 Member Since: 1967 Member Since: 1995 The United States is the largest purchaser In 2016, Barack Obama became the first The largest ethnic Filipino population Since 1995, US trade with Vietnam grew of Cambodia's exports. sitting US President to visit Laos. outside the Philippines is in the United 100-fold to $45 billion. States. Source: International Monetary Fund 2015 data. Numbers rounded throughout. All monetary values are in US$. References to the European Union (EU) includes all 28 member states as of 2016. Whenever possible, most recent available data is used. 6 7 ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA ASEAN ECONOMY The ASEAN Economic Community Is GDP COMPARISONS ASEAN’s GDP compared to other major Asia Pacific economies Currently the 3rd Largest Economy in Asia and the 5th Largest in the World SOUTH The ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) has a combined GDP of $2.4 trillion, and KOREA $1.4t is the 3rd fastest growing major Asian economy after China and India. The AEC seeks to reduce or remove many trade barriers within the region with the goal to facilitate the free JAPAN CHINA $4.1t movement of goods, services, capital, and skilled labor within the bloc. A single customs $11.2t window has already been created, with support from the US, while regional agreements to facilitate the movement of ASEAN nationals are also being developed. ASEAN has five regional free trade agreements (FTAs) with: Australia/New Zealand; INDIA TAIWAN China; Japan; South Korea; and India. Singapore is the only member state to conclude $2t $523b FTAs with both the US and European Union (EU).
REAL GDP GROWTH ASEAN is one of the fastest growing economies in the Asia Pacific from
2006 to 2015 ASEAN $2.4t 149% 150% 107% 120% 90% 66% 60% 42% 40% 31% 15% 30% 10% 5% Singapore Philippines 0% $293b $292b China India ASEAN South Taiwan Australia US EU Japan Vietnam Malaysia $191b Korea $296b
PER CAPITA GDP Myanmar Thailand $63b Brunei $30,993 $395b Cambodia $1,144 Indonesia Cambodia Indonesia $3,362 $859b $18b AUSTRALIA $1.2t Laos $1,787 Brunei Darussalam Malaysia $9,501 $13b Myanmar $1,213 Philippines $2,863 Laos Singapore $52,888 $12b Thailand $5,742 United States $56,084 Vietnam $2,088 0 $10k $20k $30k $40k $50k $60k LEGEND: b - Billions t - Trillions
Source: International Monetary Fund World Economic Outlook, 2015 data * Global GDP rankings include the EU as a single entity Note: Real GDP growth was calculated in constant 2010 US$ using World Bank methodology For further information on our methodology please visit AsiaMattersforAmerica.org/ASEAN 8 9 ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA ASEAN GROWTH PROJECTIONS The ASEAN Economy Is Projected to Grow th by Over 5% per Year and Become the 4 GLOBAL MIDDLE CLASS* Largest Economy in the World by 2050 1,168m 1,200m With a projected annual growth rate of over 5% a year, ASEAN is forecasted 1,041m th LEGEND to overtake the EU and Japan to become the 4 largest economy in the 1,000m 2010 Solid world by 2050, behind China, India, and the US. 2030 Stripe
This growth is supported by favorable demographics. Approximately 60% 800m of ASEAN's population is under the age of 35, and 43% under age 24. ASEAN also has the world’s 3rd largest labor force, trailing only China and 600m 466m458m India. ASEAN's middle class is expected to more than double in size from 334m 400m ASEAN 135 million (24% of ASEAN's population) in 2015 to 334 million (51% of 233m Australia the population) in 2030. In 2012 ASEAN crossed the threshold of having 158m 208m 200m over 50% of its population living in urban areas. 91m 123m 108m China 63m 21m 24m 43m 46m 22m 18m India 0 PROJECTED ANNUAL GDP GROWTH RATE ASEAN Australia China EU India Japan South Taiwan US Japan Average annual GDP growth (%) (2017-2021) Korea South Korea Taiwan 8% PROJECTED URBANIZATION US 7% India EU Japan 6% 7.8 % 0.5 % 100% Singapore 100% 5% 4% Malaysia 86% 80% Brunei 84% 3% Thailand 72% Indonesia 71% EU 2% China 1.7 % 1% 6.0 % 60% Laos 61% Philippines 56% Myanmar 55% Vietnam 54% 40% Cambodia 36%
US 20% 1.9 % ASEAN 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 5.1 %
Taiwan South Korea 2.2 % Sources: International Monetary Fund; UN Department of Economic and Social Affair; Homi Kharas, 3.0 % "The Emerging Middle Class in Developing Countries", OECD Development Centre Working Papers, No. 285 *Middle class is defined as those households with daily expenditures between US$10 and US$100 per Australia person in purchasing power parity terms 2.9 % 10 11 ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA STATESUNITED THE AND ASEAN ASEAN Member States Are Key Diplomatic, HEADS OF STATE VISITS Number of official visits by foreign leaders to the US and return visits by US Economic, and Security Partners for Presidents since 2000* the US
The US-ASEAN relationship began in 1977 and has since expanded significantly. The US signed the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation (TAC) in 2009 and was the first non-ASEAN country to establish a resident ambassador and permanent mission to the organization. The US joined the East Asia Summit (EAS) in 2011, and institutionalized annual ASEAN- US Summits in 2012. In 2015, the US-ASEAN relationship was elevated into a strategic Number of Trips from US partnership, and in 2016 the first multi-day US-ASEAN Summit was held at Sunnylands in Rancho Mirage, California. In 2017 the US and ASEAN celebrated 40 years as Number of Trips to US dialogue partners. MYANMAR The US and ASEAN coordinate on issues ranging from maritime security and terrorism 2 LAOS 1 1 to disaster management, governance, anti-trafficking, and nuclear non-proliferation. The 1 ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) and ASEAN Defense Ministers Meeting-Plus (ADMM- THAILAND VIETNAM Plus) both include the US and discuss important security issues. Economic ties were 3 3 formalized with the US-ASEAN Trade and Investment Framework Agreement (TIFA) 8 5 in 2006. The US Trade Representative (USTR) also participates in annual consultations CAMBODIA during the ASEAN Economic Ministers (AEM) Meetings. The US-Singapore Free Trade 1 PHILIPPINES Agreement (FTA), which went into force in 2004, was America’s first FTA in Asia. 1 3 9 The US-ASEAN Connect framework is a strategic economic initiative organized around four pillars: business, energy, innovation, and policy. Its goal is to support regional BRUNEI integration efforts of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) and build upon the positive 1 economic ties between the US and ASEAN. MALAYSIA 4 2 The US helped ASEAN to set up a public-private body to accelerate the adoption of better 6 aquaculture and fisheries management. The US government sponsors multiple programs to advance the goal of a cleaner, healthier marine environment. The US has also helped provide access to clean drinking water for over 5.6 million people in Indonesia, the Philippines, and Myanmar. Since 2012, grants from the US Agency for International Development (USAID) have protected 64 million acres of forest lands and coastal areas - an area roughly the size of SINGAPORE Oregon - in Cambodia, Indonesia, and the Philippines. 3 11 INDONESIA 4 9
Secretary of State Rex Tillerson meets with ASEAN Ambassadors Sources: US Department of State, Office of the Historian and US Mission to ASEAN *Only officially recognized heads of state/government are counted Photo: US Department of State 12 13 ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA STATESUNITED THE AND ASEAN SECURITY COOPERATION ASEAN occupies a critical geographic position straddling the sea lanes between The US military participates in multilateral and bilateral military exercises the Indian Ocean in the west and the Pacific Ocean in the east. With over $5.3 with eight ASEAN member states. As a region vulnerable to natural disasters trillion in trade passing through the disputed waters of the South China Sea such as typhoons, earthquakes, and tsunami, the US military has contributed to each year, including $1.2 trillion in US trade, maritime security is a priority for Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) missions in the region, both the US and ASEAN. The US has supported regional efforts to increase while the US government and private sector have also provided assistance. security and awareness through trainings, workshops, and consultations within the frameworks of the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), the Expanded ASEAN MULTILATERAL EXERCISE HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE AND Maritime Forum, and the ASEAN Defense Ministers Meeting-Plus (ADMM- PARTNERS IN ASEAN DISASTER RELIEF Plus). The US government has worked to increase maritime security capacity in Aid to ASEAN countries since FY2005 according ASEAN through the Southeast Asia Maritime Law Enforcement Initiative and the Cooperation Afloat Readiness and Training (CARAT) to amounts obligated by USAID’s Office of US Southeast Asia Maritime Security Initiative. Foreign Disaster Assistance*
MAJOR MILITARY EXERCISES Philippines Annual and biennial exercises involving the US and ASEAN member states $53.9m US & ASEAN Myanmar $50.8m Rim of the Pacific Exercise Indonesia LEGEND (RIMPAC) $45.5m 1 or fewer Vietnam $2.7m MYANMAR 2 - 3 0 Thailand $1.7m LAOS 4 - 5 0 6 - 7 Cambodia $1.5m VIETNAM 8 or more THAILAND Malaysia $1.3m 3 Countries that allow US Cobra Gold 6 access to military bases Laos $0.7m CAMBODIA 4 0 m m m m m m PHILIPPINES Pacific Partnership 7 $10 $20 $30 $40 $50 $60
BRUNEI US-ASEAN SECURITY ALLIES AND 3 MALAYSIA Southeast Asia Cooperation and PARTNERS 8 Training (SEACAT) SINGAPORE UNITED STATES AND UNITED STATES UNITED STATES 7 THE PHILIPPINES AND THAILAND AND SINGAPORE
Enhanced Defense Major non-NATO Major non-NATO Cooperation Alliance Alliance Agreement
INDONESIA Khaan Quest 7
LEGEND
Brunei Indonesia Malaysia Philippines Thailand Sources: US Pacific Command, US Navy; US Army, Pacific; US Marine Corps Forces, Pacific; The Cambodia Laos Myanmar Singapore Vietnam Heritage Foundation, Index of US Military Strength *Represents only a portion of USAID not whole of US Government aid to the region 14 15 TRADE
ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA The US Exports Over $100 Billion in Goods and Services to ASEAN
ASEAN member states, taken together, rank 4th after Canada, Mexico, and The total value of US-ASEAN bilateral trade has increased 78% since 2004, China as a goods exports market for the United States, and the US is the 4th from $153 billion to $273 billion. ASEAN's surplus in goods with the US largest trading partner for ASEAN. The United States exported $75 billion totaled $77 billion in 2015, while United States' surplus in services with in goods and $27 billion in services to ASEAN in 2015, an increase of 81% ASEAN totaled $8 billion. Overall, bilateral US-ASEAN trade from 2004 to since 2004. 2015 has grown at an average annual rate of 5%. GOODS AND SERVICES EXPORTS TO ASEAN Indonesia is Wyoming's 3rd TRADE COMPOSITION OF US GOODS & SERVICES EXPORTS TO ASEAN largest trade partner. Pennsylvania has trade representatives in both WASHINGTON Food & Kindred Business, $9.2b Indonesia and Singapore. Products Professional & MONTANA MAINE $4.8b NORTH DAKOTA $0.3b Technical Services $0.2b MINNESOTA $0.3b $2.1b Machinery $8.9b OREGON $6.8b $4.4b NEW NEW HAMPSHIRE $0.3b Travel WISCONSIN 5% IDAHO YORK VERMONT $0.4b Chemicals 7% 9% $5.4b $0.8b $1.1b $4.6b SOUTH DAKOTA MASSACHUSETTS $2.5b $7.9b $0.2b MICHIGAN 6% Royalties & License WYOMING $1.4b RHODE ISLAND $0.2b 8% $0.2b Transportation 4% Fees PENNSYLVANIA CONNECTICUT $0.8b IOWA $4.3b $2.1b NEW JERSEY $2.0b Equipment NEBRASKA $0.7b $13.2b 4% NEVADA $0.4b OHIO DELAWARE $0.3b 13% Other Services INDIANA $2.3b 2% $0.6b UTAH ILLINOIS MARYLAND $0.9b $3.5b $1.3b WEST 2% $1.0b $3.7b COLORADO VIRGINIA DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA $0.2b 2% Financial Services $0.2b 2% $1.2b KANSAS VIRGINIA MISSOURI KENTUCKY $1.7b LEGEND Computers & 21% $2.4b CALIFORNIA $0.9b $1.0b $1.7b $1 billion or less 19% Telecommunications, $15.8b N CAROLINA Electronic TENNESSEE $2.0b $ 1.1 - 2 billion Products Computer & OKLAHOMA $2.0b $2.1 - 3 billion $18.8b Information Services ARIZONA $0.5b S CAROLINA ARKANSAS $1.6b $0.5b NEW MEXICO $2.0b $3.1 - 4 billion Other Goods $2.0b $0.2b $4.1 billion or more $20.7b MISSISSIPPI GEORGIA $0.5b ALABAMA $3.3b $0.7b US EXPORTS TO ASIA TEXAS $12.4b LOUISIANA FLORIDA US goods and services exports to ASEAN compared with other Asian economies $2.2b $2.4b ALASKA $200b $0.3b
HAWAI‘I Global Financial Crisis China $165b $0.3b $150b
Japan $108b California is the largest US Texas is the largest US South Carolina's exports $100b ASEAN $102b exporter to ASEAN with exporter of goods to to ASEAN have more than over $15b in exports. Brunei. doubled since 2012. South Korea $65b $50b Australia $44b India $40b Source Map and Composition of Exports chart: Estimated by Trade Partnership (Washington, DC); Taiwan $38b Sources US Exports to Asia chart: US Bureau of Economic Analysis, US International Trade Administration Services data not available for Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 16 17 ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA AGRICULTURE ASEAN Is a Top Ten Destination for US Agricultural Exports
More than $10 billion in agricultural goods were exported to ASEAN in Top agricultural exports from ASEAN to the US include coffee, rice, palm 2015, including over $700 million in tree nuts and $850 million in dairy oil, tree nuts, and wood products. ASEAN is also the top global rubber products. ASEAN is the 6th largest importer of US agricultural goods, and palm oil exporter, responsible for 75% and 89% of global production and the 3rd largest in Asia after China and Japan. Twenty-eight states respectively in 2014. export over $100 million in food and agricultural goods to ASEAN with California, Washington, Illinois, and Georgia the top four exporters. COMPOSITION OF ASEAN AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS TO THE US FOOD AND AGRICULTURE EXPORTS TO ASEAN Agri 20%
Other Tropical Oils WASHINGTON $1.3b $1.9b 14% $1.9b MAINE 20% MONTANA Snack Foods Rubber & Allied Products NORTH DAKOTA MINNESOTA $2.3m $108.5m $204m $1.4b $240.3m $266.6m OREGON Cocoa Paste & Tree Nuts NEW NEW HAMPSHIRE $0.9m 2% $70.9m Cocoa Butter 11% $1.1b IDAHO WISCONSIN YORK 4% VERMONT $10.1m $420m $113.5m SOUTH DAKOTA $127.9m $86.1m Processed Fruit MICHIGAN MASSACHUSETTS $18m 5% $142.3m Rice & Vegetables WYOMING $169.4m RHODE ISLAND $0.02m 6% 9% $2.7m $460m 7% $866m PENNSYLVANIA CONNECTICUT $11.7m IOWA $114.8m $76.4m Spices NEBRASKA $312.9m OHIO NEW JERSEY Coee, Unroasted NEVADA $231.7m $224.1m DELAWARE $9m $560m $703m INDIANA $61.7m UTAH ILLINOIS WEST MARYLAND $22.4m $208m VIRGINIA $210.8m $586.6m $0m COLORADO $1.7m DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA $81.6m KANSAS VIRGINIA MISSOURI KENTUCKY $153.1m CALIFORNIA $254m $197.3m $106.3m $1.8b N CAROLINA TENNESSEE $221.7m SELECTED STORIES: US AGRIBUSINESS SUPPORTS $142.8m OKLAHOMA S CAROLINA ARIZONA $58.3m ARKANSAS $176.1m DEVELOPMENT IN ASEAN $93.7m NEW MEXICO $153.4m $25.7m MISSISSIPPI GEORGIA CARGILL ADM $139.5m ALABAMA $564.5m $80.9m Cargill provides food, agriculture, financial Archer Daniels Midland Company (ADM) is TEXAS $512m LOUISIANA FLORIDA and industrial products and services to the a global agribusiness company which employs $433.9m $88.8m world. Together with farmers, customers, 32,000 people around the world. ADM's Asia ALASKA $0.2m governments and communities, they help and Pacific rim trading and sales operations people thrive by applying their insights are headquartered in Singapore is home to the HAWAI‘I LEGEND and over 150 years of experience. Cargill South East Asian sales offices that serve emerging $5.4m employs 1,700 people in Vietnam across markets in Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam and $50 million or less 19 locations. They received the US State Thailand. A key part of ADM's Asia strategy $ 50.1 - 100 million Department's global CSR award in 2016 for today has been its strategic ownership interest in $100.1 - 200 million their work in Vietnam to assist small holder Wilmar International Limited, Asia's premiere $200.1 - 500 million farmers and building over 75 schools in rural agricultural processing business. ADM's key $500.1 million or more areas in the country. businesses in Southeast Asia include: Specialty Sources: US Department of Agriculture (USDA), individual companies Ingredients, Commodities and Animal Feed. State exports map: Estimated by Trade Partnership (Washington, DC) 18 19 ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA FROM TRADEJOBS All 50 States Export to ASEAN, Supporting Over Half a Million Jobs in the US
Almost 42,000 companies across the US export to ASEAN. These goods In per capita terms, trade with the 10 member states of ASEAN creates the and services exports support almost 550,000 jobs, directly or indirectly, most jobs for Washington, followed by Oregon, Vermont, North Dakota, according to 2015 estimates. Eighteen states have more than 10,000 jobs that and Delaware. Employment from trade to ASEAN creates over a quarter of a rely on exports to ASEAN member states. million jobs in California, Texas, Washington, New York, and Illinois alone.
JOBS SUPPORTED BY EXPORTS TO ASEAN TRADE TOP 10 STATES Malaysia is Maine’s 2nd - largest export market SHARE OF EXPORT DEPENDENT WASHINGTON 46,846 after Canada. JOBS SUPPORTED BY EXPORTS MONTANA MAINE TO ASEAN NORTH DAKOTA 1,645 1,401 MINNESOTA 2,180 11,802 Oregon 13.3% OREGON 20,372 NEW NEW HAMPSHIRE 1,802 Idaho 10.1% WISCONSIN IDAHO YORK VERMONT 2,013 3,825 6,184 28,666 Washington 8.7% SOUTH DAKOTA MASSACHUSETTS 15,049 1,402 MICHIGAN WYOMING 8,928 RHODE ISLAND 1,027 Vermont 8.1% 682 PENNSYLVANIA CONNECTICUT 4,852 IOWA Wyoming 6.6% 13,134 11,547 NEBRASKA 4,443 NEW JERSEY NEVADA 3,101 OHIO DELAWARE 1,596 Montana 6.2% 13,441 4,021 UTAH ILLINOIS INDIANA MARYLAND 5,915 7,359 WEST Minnesota 6.0% 5,377 22,619 COLORADO VIRGINIA DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 2,071 1,189 Maine 5.9% 7,247 KANSAS VIRGINIA MISSOURI KENTUCKY 10,761 CALIFORNIA 5,410 6,296 8,611 North Dakota 5.6% 87,450 N CAROLINA Kansas 5.5% TENNESSEE 11,688 OKLAHOMA 11,195 ARIZONA 3,023 S CAROLINA ARKANSAS 11,167 NEW MEXICO 11,093 1,149 2,809 MISSISSIPPI GEORGIA 2,820 ALABAMA 19,507 4,196 TEXAS 62,669 LOUISIANA FLORIDA 9,344 16,436 ALASKA 1,093
HAWAI‘I 1,278 LEGEND 1,000 or fewer 1,001 - 5,000 10% of Idaho's export-related jobs are 5,001 - 10,000 supported by trade with ASEAN. 10,001 - 15,000 15,001 or more ASEAN Economic Ministers meet US government and local officials at the Port of Los Angeles during their US Roadshow.
Photo: US-ASEAN Business Council Source: Estimated by Trade Partnership (Washington, DC) 20 20 ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA ASEAN Is the Number One Destination for US Investment in Asia
ASEAN member states have increased their investment into the US by over 1,000% from $2.3 billion in 2004 to over $26 billion in 2015. The US receives more investment from ASEAN than from China and India combined. ASEAN has received almost $274 billion in cumulative investment from the United States, more than the US has directed to China, India, Japan, and South Korea combined. US FDI in ASEAN has increased by an average annual rate of 12% since 2004 and now accounts for over a third of US investment into Asia.
CUMULATIVE US DIRECT INVESTMENT (STOCK) IN ASIA US investment in ASEAN increased at an average annual rate of 9% since 2004
$300b ASEAN $274b $250b Global Financial Crisis $200b Australia $167b $150b
$100b Japan $109b China $75b $50b South Korea $35b India $28b Taiwan $15b 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
CUMULATIVE ASIAN DIRECT INVESTMENT (STOCK) IN THE US Investment from ASEAN in the US increased at an average annual rate of 28% since 2004
$500b Global Financial Crisis $400b Japan $411b $300b $200b Australia $42b $100b South Korea $40b ASEAN $26b China $15b India $9b 0 Taiwan $7b 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Source: US Bureau of Economic Analysis 2017: 50th Anniversary of the establishment of ASEAN 1968: The Institute of Southeast and 40th anniversary of US-ASEAN Dialogue Relations. Asian Studies (now known as The ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute) is 1994: The first two companies 2009: The US signs the Treaty of Amity and established in Singapore, dedicated based in Southeast Asia to Cooperation (TAC), joins the East Asia Summit (EAS), to the study of social, political, and be listed on the New York and holds the first US-ASEAN Leaders' Meeting. 2015: The ASEAN Community 2015: Nguyen Phu Trong economic trends in the region. Stock Exchange are the is launched to promote Economic, became the first General 1977: The US and ASEAN Philippines Long Distance Political-Security, and Secretary of the Vietnamese become Dialogue Partners. Telephone Company and the Socio-Cultural cohesion among the Communist Party to visit member states. the US. Singapore-based China Yuchai 2007: ASEAN leaders sign the ASEAN International Limited. Charter, establishing a formal framework for ASEAN. 2014: The United States and the Philippines sign the 1975: The Indochina Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement (EDCA) Migration and Refugee which allows for the enhanced rotational presence of US Assistance Act is passed, 1994: The US attends the 2004: The US led forces in the Philippines. allowing approximately 1967: The Bangkok inaugural ASEAN Regional multinational disaster 1954: Southeast Asia 130,000 refugees from Declaration establishes Forum (ARF) between relief efforts after the 1947: Pan-Am begins Treaty Organization South Vietnam, Laos, and ASEAN with five founding ASEAN member states Sumatra-Andaman 1898: The Spanish- commercial flights to (SEATO) is formed as a Cambodia to enter the 1984: Brunei becomes the 6th countries: Indonesia, and dialogue partners to earthquake and tsunami 2013: US-ASEAN Business Council and the US American War results in Thailand, becoming the bloc against communist United States under a special member of ASEAN. Malaysia, the Philippines, discuss regional political and devastated areas of Agency for International Development (USAID) the Philippines becoming first US carrier to fly there. gains in Southeast Asia. status. a US territory. Singapore, and Thailand. security issues. Southeast Asia. form the US-ASEAN Business Alliance for Competitive SMEs.
PRE 1940 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s
TIMELINE OF US- ASEAN RELATIONS
1833: The Roberts 1946: The US and 1955: Official 1962: Malaysia and 1973: The US began to 1984: The US-ASEAN Business 1993: Vietnamese film The Scent of 2003: The US designates Thailand and the 2012: Launch of Fulbright Exchange of Treaty of Amity and the Philippines sign US military Thailand are among the first withdraw its military from Council is founded, the first Green Papaya is the first Southeast Philippines as Major Non-NATO Allies. US-ASEAN Scholars Program. Commerce between the the Treaty of General involvement begins host countries for US Peace Vietnam following a peace private-sector-led ASEAN- Asian film nominated for an US and Siam (Thailand) Relations recognizing in the Vietnam Corps volunteers. settlement with North and focused trade association outside Academy Award. is signed; it is the first the independence of War, lasting almost South Vietnam. of ASEAN. treaty between the US the Republic of the 20 years. The US announces the The US plays a leading and an Asian country. Philippines. 2004: The US- 2008: The US is the first 2013: 2013: Singapore Free Trade non-ASEAN country to Young Southeast Asian Leaders role in disaster relief after 1995: Vietnam becomes the 7th Agreement (FTA), name an ambassador to Initiative (YSEALI) to further Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) 1976: The first ASEAN member of ASEAN. America’s first FTA in ASEAN. A dedicated mission strengthen US-ASEAN people- hits the Philippines. Summit convenes in to-people ties. Indonesia. Asia, was implemented. is established in 2010.
1997: Myanmar and Laos become the 8th and 9th members of ASEAN, respectively. 2009: The Lower Mekong Initiative (LMI), a 2015: US-ASEAN relationship is upgraded to partnership between the US and Cambodia, Laos, a Strategic Partnership. Thailand, and Vietnam, is formed to enhance cooperation in the areas of environment, health, 1999: Cambodia becomes education, and infrastructure development. 2016: President Obama hosts the first US-ASEAN the 10th member of Myanmar joins in 2012. Summit outside Southeast Asia at Sunnylands in Rancho ASEAN. Mirage, California and launches US-ASEAN Connect. 21 INVESTMENT NEW ZEALAND NEW $7 $0.6 - JAPAN $109 $411 Cumulative US Direct Investment Cumulative US Direct Investment in Asia (Stock in US$ Billions) of US ASEAN is the largest recipient investment in Asia $$ Cumulative Foreign Direct Investment in the US (Stock in US$ Billions) ASEAN investment in the US has grown 1,000% from 2004 to 2015 $$ -62% Africa AUSTRALIA $167 $42 92% Americas (Less United States) SOUTH SOUTH KOREA $35 $40 98% TAIWAN $15 $7 Union European 118% Europe and Central Asia HONG KONG $64 $11 ASEAN $274 $26 126% CHINA $75 $15 Asia Pacic Non-EU East 134% Middle ASEAN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN A REGIONAL CONTEXT REGIONAL A IN INVESTMENT DIRECT ASEAN 1,035% - ASEAN INCREASE OF OF INCREASE INTO INVESTMENT THE US US 0
200% 400% 800% 600%
1,200% 1,000% $9 $28 INDIA 22 23 ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA INVESTMENT US COMPANIES INVESTING IN ASEAN SELECTED STORIES: US COMPANIES OPERATING IN ASEAN Over 3,000 US companies operate in ASEAN, including 70% of the 130 US multinational enterprises (MNEs) listed in the Global Fortune 500 in 2015. COCA-COLA CHEVRON Many US companies use ASEAN as a production platform to export within The Coca-Cola Company's heritage in Chevron operates in eight countries the region and to other parts of the world, facilitated by ASEAN’s free ASEAN dates back more than 100 years. in ASEAN and provides the energy trade agreements with many other Asia Pacific countries. US companies in Today, along with their bottling partners, to support economic growth in this ASEAN create significant business linkages involving local suppliers and they proudly manufacture and distribute burgeoning area of the world. Chevron is contractors in the region, and a majority of these companies operate in their portfolio of brands across the the largest resource holder and producer multiple ASEAN member states. entire ASEAN region. For all the reasons among international oil companies in this report outlines, ASEAN remains the region, where the company has had According to the ASEAN Business Outlook Survey 2017, 87% of US a top growth opportunity for their a presence for over a century. Chevron companies expect that their level of trade and investment in ASEAN will business. The Coca-Cola Company looks is the top oil and natural gas producer increase over the next five years. Survey respondents were very supportive forward to continuing to invest in the in Thailand, the largest oil producer in of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) that was initiated in 2015, region and to supporting its sustainable Indonesia, and has interests in refinery with 93% believing the AEC is important to their companies’ future development through initiatives focused operations in Singapore and Thailand. investment plans, and citing that it will provide greater flexibility and on empowering women, improving access efficiency in managing their regional operations. to clean drinking water and strengthening communities. US COMPANIES IN ASEAN MEMBER STATES CITI PROCTER & GAMBLE With a presence in ASEAN since 1902, Procter & Gamble (P&G) is the largest MYANMAR 21 Citi runs consumer and institutional household and personal care company LAOS 9 banking operations serving over 3.7 in the world. P&G serves millions of VIETNAM million customers in Indonesia, Malaysia, consumers around the world every day THAILAND 310 666 Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and with one of the strongest portfolios of Vietnam. The region also hosts a number trusted, leadership brands. P&G entered CAMBODIA Asia Pacific in 1935 with the acquisition of LEGEND 33 of strategically important regional and PHILIPPINES 100 or fewer 520 global business hubs for multiple Citi the Philippine Manufacturing Company, 101 - 300 businesses, as well as a number of state-of- and has since expanded its presence to 301 - 500 the-art processing hubs and data centers various markets across ASEAN. P&G 501 - 700 701 or more BRUNEI serving more than 90 countries around brands are available in every ASEAN 26 the world. member state. Coca-Cola MALAYSIA Citi 795 Chevron P&G
SINGAPORE INDONESIA 1836 483 Sources: ASEAN Business Outlook Survey 2017, US Chamber of Commerce; ASEAN Investment Report 2016, UNCTAD and ASEAN Secretariat; Fortune; individual corporations Source Affiliates Map: Uniworld Business Publications (accessed March 2017) US Companies with Affiliates Map counts US parent companies with subsidiaries in ASEAN countries, as Indian Ocean recognized by Uniworld. For more information on our methodology, please visit AsiaMattersforAmerica. org/ASEAN 24 2525 ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA INVESTMENTINFRASTRUCTURE ASEAN Has Over $2 Trillion Worth of Infrastructure Investment Opportunities
The McKinsey Global Institute forecasts the need for over $2 trillion in Through the US-ASEAN Connect framework's Energy Connect pillar, the investment in road, rail, port, airport, power, water, and telecommunications US has pledged to invest in a five-year effort in ASEAN to increase the supply infrastructure across ASEAN to maintain economic growth. China, Japan, and of grid-connected renewable energy. Focused on the Lower Mekong River the United States have pledged funding for major infrastructure projects across Delta countries of Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam, the program will all sectors via government aid and public-private partnerships. However, in support the installation of at least 500 megawatts of grid-tied renewable energy all sectors of infrastructure, a significant funding gap remains. A 2017 Asian generation. It will also assist in implementing laws, policies, strategies, and Development Bank (ADB) report estimates an infrastructure investment gap of regulations that contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and $92 billion in ASEAN until 2020. support commitments made under the Paris Climate Agreement.
ESTIMATE FOR INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT NEEDS, 2016-2030 INFRASTRUCTUREESTIMATED INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT NEEDS BY SECTOR, 2016-2030
MYANMAR $96b Power LAOS $540b $20b VIETNAM THAILAND $317b PHILIPPINES 24% $310b $280b Ports CAMBODIA $44b 24% Roads $29b 2% $536b Airports 3% LEGEND $60b $100 billion or less $101 - 200 billion BRUNEI 10% no data Railways $201 - 300 billion $233b Telecommunications $301 billion or more 24% $531b MALAYSIA 13% $277b
Water $283b
SINGAPORE INDONESIA $133b $767b
Source: McKinsey Global Institute ("Rule of Thumb" Need Estimation based on 71% stock level) 26 27 ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA ASEAN's Digital Economy Is Projected to DIGITAL ECONOMY Grow by 500% and Be Worth $200 Billion by 2025
ASEAN is the world's fastest growing internet region. It is forecast that benefit from increased connectivity, access to digital tools, and rising online by 2020 the internet user base will reach 480 million, up from 260 million consumer demand. To harness this potential, the US government and in 2016. That translates to nearly 4 million new users coming online every businesses have provided support to over 120,000 entrepreneurs since 2011, month. ASEAN has gone "mobile first" with over 700 million active including through the US-ASEAN Business Alliance for Competitive SMEs mobile connections, more than the entire population of the region. The and the online ASEAN SME Academy. user base is large and growing quickly, and is increasingly middle class and predominantly young. Social media is used by over half of ASEAN's ONLINE SHOPPERS AS A PERCENTAGE OF INTERNET population of 630 million people, making it one of the world's largest social USERS IN ASEAN media markets. 2015 2025 With digitalization comes increased opportunities for both ASEAN and US businesses to reach new customers and suppliers. It is projected that online spending could rise 6.5 times to $200 billion by 2025, fueled by 19% LEGEND consumption of electronics, clothing, household goods and groceries, and 51% 49% Online Shoppers by increased travel within the region. ASEAN SMEs especially stand to Non-Shopping Internet Users 81% INTERNET PENETRATION AND MOBILE SUBSCRIPTIONS IN ASEAN Mobile penetration outpaces traditional internet access across the region SELECTED STORIES: BUILDING ENTREPRENEURIAL EXPERTISE
Mobile Telephone Subscriptions 120% 119.2% US companies have supported digital skills for SMEs in ASEAN through the 100% ASEAN SME Academy, a program of 80% the US-ASEAN Business Alliance for Competitive SMEs. The Business Alliance, 60% a joint program of the US-ASEAN Business Individuals Using the Internet 43.8% 40% Council and USAID, has trained more than 5,000 entrepreneurs across all 10 ASEAN 20% member states. US companies taking the lead include top Business Alliance sponsors 0% 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 UPS, which has led training focused on giving SMEs the skills to enter the global supply chain in a wide variety of markets; Sources: US-ASEAN Business Council/Deloitte study: Advancing the ASEAN Economic Community: The Digital Economy and the Free Flow of Data; Internet and Mobile Penetration: International and Facebook, which has offered courses on Telecommunications Union (ITU); Online Shoppers: Google/Temasek report (based on data from building sales through online marketing. Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam) Photo: US-ASEAN Business Council 28 29 ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA TRAVEL AND TOURISM Visitors from ASEAN Add $5 Billion to VISITORS FROM ASEAN TO THE US
the US Economy in a Year Philippines 239k Singapore Over 780,000 people from ASEAN countries visited the US in 2015, while almost 160k 3.5 million Americans visited ASEAN. Thailand, the Philippines, Vietnam, and Vietnam 99k Singapore are the top four destinations with over 2.6 million visitors from the US Thailand 97k combined. US airlines serve cities in all four of these countries. Indonesia 96k
Malaysia 81k
Myanmar 5.9k VISITORS FROM THE US TO ASEAN TRAVELCambodia & TOURISM3.4k Laos 1.5k
Brunei 1.4k MYANMAR 70k LAOS 0 50k 100k 150k 200k 250k 63k The US is the largest source VIETNAM THAILAND 491k of tourists to Myanmar 868k TOP 10 STATES outside of Asia. Manila Bangkok CAMBODIA ASEAN VISITOR SPENDING 218k PHILIPPINES California $791m Ho Chi Minh City 779k New York $548m Thailand has the most US There are more than 1,000 Florida $439m visitors of any ASEAN country, BRUNEI direct flights between the Texas $330m and is the top travel destination 4k Philippines and California Massachusetts $247m in the region. each year. MALAYSIA Pennsylvania $221m 238k Illinois $188m Nevada $162m LEGEND Georgia $129m 100,000 or fewer Ohio $128m 101,000 - 200,000 INDONESIA SINGAPORE 201,000 - 400,000 269k 500k 401,000 - 600,000 601,000 or more Regular ights operated by US carriers, including code shares.
Source Visitor Numbers: Brunei Ministry of Primary Resources and Tourism, Cambodia Ministry of Tourism, Statistics Indonesia, Laos Tourism Development Department, Malaysia Department of Immigration, Myanmar Ministry of Hotels and Tourism, Philippines Department of Tourism, Singapore Tourism Board, Thailand Department of Tourism, Viet Nam National Administration of Tourism Source Visitor Spending: Estimated by the Trade Partnership (Washington, DC) Source Visitors from ASEAN to the US: World Tourism Organization, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics 2016 © UNWTO, 92844/37/16 30 31 ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA ASEAN AMERICANSIMMIGRATION AND TOP 10 STATES US POPULATION GROWTH 36% of Asian Americans Identify with an By ASEAN nationalities and ethnic ASEAN Ethnicity PERCENTAGE OF US groups, 2011-2015 RESIDENTS WHO Of the estimated 20 million Asian Americans in the US, 7 million identify IDENTIFY WITH AN ASEAN Burmese 58% with an ASEAN ethnicity. Filipino and Vietnamese are the largest groups, ETHNICITY Malaysian 20% with populations of 4 million and 1.9 million respectively. Hawai�i 26.6% California 7.0 % Hmong 19% Immigrants from ASEAN member states accounted for over 11% of all Nevada 6.2% Laotian 17% naturalizations in the US in 2015, and 34% of naturalizations by Asians. Alaska 5.5% Filipino Remittances, funds that immigrants send to individuals in their home Washington 4.4% 13% countries, represent a major financial flow between the US and ASEAN. Minnesota 3.0% Cambodian 9% The Philippines and Vietnam are among the top five recipients of Virginia 2.4% Thai 8% remittances from the US after Mexico, China, and India. Oregon 2.2% New Jersey 2.0% Vietnamese 6% ASEAN AMERICANASEAN POPULATION AMERICANS BY STATE and immigrationMaryland 1.9% Almost 70,000 Hmong live in Indonesian 5% Minnesota, the largest Asian population in the state. 0 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% WASHINGTON 291,692 MONTANA MAINE NORTH DAKOTA 9,055 4,512 MINNESOTA 4,226 160,512 REMITTANCES FROM THE US TO ASEAN OREGON 86,338 NEW NEW HAMPSHIRE 11,043 WISCONSIN MEMBER STATES IDAHO YORK VERMONT 4,021 12,647 87,673 228,231 SOUTH DAKOTA MASSACHUSETTS 118,987 US share of total remittances received by each country 6,151 MICHIGAN WYOMING 78,201 RHODE ISLAND 18,431 3,278 PENNSYLVANIA CONNECTICUT 40,595 56.3% IOWA 120,332 178,271 NEBRASKA 32,971 NEW JERSEY 60% NEVADA 22,152 OHIO DELAWARE 8,219 INDIANA 69,158 173,556 UTAH ILLINOIS MARYLAND 114,435 45,728 WEST 36,060 211,259 COLORADO VIRGINIA DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 8,115 5,864 50% 74,198 KANSAS VIRGINIA MISSOURI KENTUCKY 200,783 CALIFORNIA 42,989 48,160 23,944 2,686,311 N CAROLINA LEGEND 107,205 40% TENNESSEE 50,000 or fewer OKLAHOMA 45,597 33.9% ARIZONA 45,930 S CAROLINA ARKANSAS 50,001 - 100,000 109,990 NEW MEXICO 35,565 27.7% 17,633 22,754 MISSISSIPPI GEORGIA 100,001 - 150,000 30% 15,742 ALABAMA 120,924 TEXAS 25,386 150,001 - 200,000 21.3% 500,681 20% LOUISIANA FLORIDA 200,001 or more 20% 258,653 HAWAI‘I 53,415 ALASKA 375,179 40,161 5.4% In Rhode Island 15% 10% of Asian Americans 3.8% 2.8% Louisiana’s Vietnamese identify as Cambodian, population makes up 37% of the largest percentage in 0 Almost 69% of Asian Americans in Alaska the state’s Asian American the country. population. identify with an ASEAN ethnicity. Laos Vietnam Malaysia ThailandCambodia Myanmar Indonesia Sources: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey, US Department of Homeland Security, Philippines Source Remittances: World Bank Bilateral Remittances Matrix (Estimates), 2015 data 32 33 ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE ASEAN Students Contribute $1.7 Billion to the US Economy in a Year
Almost 55,000 students from ASEAN studied in the US, comprising 5% The number of Americans studying abroad in ASEAN countries has more of international students during the 2015/16 academic year. Over 20,000 than tripled since 2002/03 to over 5,700 in 2014/15. Students study in all 10 students came from Vietnam, the most of any ASEAN member state and member states, but Thailand, Singapore, and Vietnam are the most the 6th largest amount from any country globally. The top destination for popular destinations. ASEAN students was California, where eight universities have Southeast Asia Studies programs. TOP 10 STATES INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS FROM ASEANEDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION OF ASEAN STUDENTS TO THE US x 2 WASHINGTON California $410m 4,457 MONTANA MAINE New York $140m NORTH DAKOTA 95 97 MINNESOTA 36 975 x 2 Massachusetts $140m OREGON x 1 1,021 NEW NEW HAMPSHIRE 222 x 1 Texas $133m IDAHO WISCONSIN YORK x 1 VERMONT 65 82 728 4,101 SOUTH DAKOTA MASSACHUSETTS 3,605 x 1 Washington $129m 54 MICHIGAN WYOMING 1,184 RHODE ISLAND 296 Pennsylvania $81m 42 x 1 CONNECTICUT 488 IOWA x 1 PENNSYLVANIA x 1 Illinois $64m NEBRASKA NEW JERSEY 520 1,084 x 1 2,300 NEVADA 514 x 1 OHIO DELAWARE 40 Indiana $42m INDIANA 1,128 153 UTAH ILLINOIS MARYLAND 786 1,292 WEST Michigan $38m 349 2,018 x 2 COLORADO VIRGINIA DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 382 x 8 669 KANSAS 143 VIRGINIA Oregon $34m MISSOURI 1,089 276 KENTUCKY CALIFORNIA 758 248 11,782 N CAROLINA x 1 TENNESSEE 534 301 ARIZONA OKLAHOMA 622 797 S CAROLINA NEW MEXICO ARKANSAS 160 US STUDENTS STUDYING ABROAD IN ASEAN 104 202 MISSISSIPPI GEORGIA 98 ALABAMA 756 286 Thailand 2,096 TEXAS Singapore 1,080 5,766 LOUISIANA FLORIDA 461 1,104 ALASKA Vietnam 922 16 Indonesia 534 x 1 Cambodia 482 HAWAI‘I LEGEND 356 Philippines 353 250 or fewer Malaysia 152 251 - 500 Myanmar 67 501 - 750 Brunei 751 - 1,000 25 1,001 or more Laos 15 Schools with Southeast Asia Studies Programs 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500
Sources: Institute of International Education (IIE), NAFSA: Association of International Educators 34 35 ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE FULBRIGHT PROGRAM THE YOUNG SOUTHEAST ASIAN LEADERS INITIATIVE (YSEALI) In the 2014/15 academic year almost 700 students, teachers, and scholars The Young Southeast Asian Leaders Initiative (YSEALI) is a program focused participated in Fulbright exchanges between the US and ASEAN. on strengthening leadership development in ASEAN. Since 2014, more than Participants from all 10 ASEAN member states took part in the 100,000 young people, ages 18-35, have joined the program, and over 80,000 program. Since the program’s founding in 1949, over 11,000 students, are active on digital platforms. Through YSEALI, the US government has teachers, and scholars from ASEAN have participated, including nearly assisted over 19,000 ASEAN youth through regional workshops and exchanges, 3,000 from Indonesia and 2,500 from the Philippines. US participants professional and academic fellowships to visit universities, businesses, and in the region have numbered over 5,000 since 1949, with the greatest non-profits in the US, and community-focused grants in order to develop ties number of participants taking part in the Indonesia, Philippines, and between the US and ASEAN. Thailand programs. YSEALI PARTICIPATION BY COUNTRY FULBRIGHT SCHOLARS SINCE 1949 Cambodia 7% Brunei 51 LEGEND 20 From ASEAN Myanmar Malaysia 6% Cambodia 499 From US 11% 172 Laos Indonesia 2,936 Thailand 2% 1,038 14% Singapore Laos 343 120 1% Malaysia 1,028 Vietnam Brunei 875 Philippines 21% 1% 17% Myanmar 697 201 Philippines 2,452 870 Indonesia 21% Singapore 363 251
Thailand 1,855 903 Vietnam 1,159 515
0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500
NOTABLE FULBRIGHT PARTICIPANTS FROM ASEAN
JUWONO SUDARSONO, Former Indonesian KAKA BAG-AO, Member of the House of Minister of Defense – Fulbright student at Representatives of the Philippines – Humphrey Columbia University Fellow at University of Minnesota
SUYOI OSMAN, Bruneian Minister of V P HIRUBALAN, Deputy Secretary-General Education – Fulbright student at Johns Hopkins of ASEAN for the Political-Security Community – University Fulbright student at Yale University YSEALI - EWC Environmental Leadership Institutes participants visiting Kualoa in Oahu, Hawai�i
Sources: Bureau of Education and Cultural Affairs, US Department of State; US Mission to ASEAN Photo: East-West Center 36 37 ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA SISTER PARTNERSHIPS 92 Sister Relationships between the US and ASEAN SISTER RELATIONSHIPS WITH THE US
MYANMAR 0 The Philippines ASEAN Build Civic and People-to-People LEGEND LAOS 0 1 VIETNAM has the most sister 9 Connections 1 - 3 city relationships THAILAND with the US of all 4 - 6 4 ASEAN countries Sister relationships are local partnerships between cities, counties, and states with 7 - 10 CAMBODIA at 61. similar jurisdictions. These build ties between communities and support commercial 10 or more 8 and cultural initiatives. With 70 sister cities and 22 sister state or sister county PHILIPPINES connections, these ties between the US and ASEAN link seven ASEAN countries to 61 Mawlamyine currently BRUNEI 22 US states. 0 shares the status of 'friendship city' with MALAYSIA US SISTER RELATIONSHIPS WITH ASEANSISTER CITIES 3 Fort Wayne, Indiana.
WASHINGTON
MONTANA MAINE NORTH DAKOTA MINNESOTA INDONESIA OREGON SINGAPORE NEW NEW HAMPSHIRE 6 WISCONSIN 0 IDAHO YORK VERMONT SOUTH DAKOTA MICHIGAN MASSACHUSETTS WYOMING RHODE ISLAND PENNSYLVANIA CONNECTICUT US ASEAN US ASEAN US ASEAN IOWA NEBRASKA NEW JERSEY NEVADA OHIO DELAWARE San Diego, CA Cavite City, PH Honolulu, HI Candon City, PH Sterling Heights, MI Sorsogon City, PH INDIANA UTAH ILLINOIS WEST MARYLAND San Francisco, CA Ho Chi Minh City, VN Honolulu, HI Cebu, PH St. Louis, MO Bogor, ID COLORADO VIRGINIA DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA VIRGINIA KANSAS MISSOURI KENTUCKY San Francisco, CA Manila, PH Honolulu, HI Hue, VN Las Vegas, NV Angeles City, PH CALIFORNIA LEGEND N CAROLINA Santa Barbara, CA San Juan, PH Honolulu, HI Laoag City, PH Reno, NV Udonthani, TH TENNESSEE 0 OKLAHOMA ARIZONA S CAROLINA Santa Clarita, CA Sariaya, PH Honolulu, HI Manila, PH Angel Fire, NM Quang Tri Town, VN NEW MEXICO ARKANSAS 1
MISSISSIPPI GEORGIA 2-3 South San Francisco, Pasig City, PH Honolulu, HI Vigan, PH Beaufort, NC Beaufort, MY ALABAMA CA 4-9 Kauai County, HI Bagued, PH Pittsburgh, PA Da Nang, VN TEXAS Battambang, KH FLORIDA Stockton, CA LOUISIANA 10 or more Kauai County, HI Urdaneta, PH Providence, RI Phnom Penh, KH ALASKA Stockton, CA Iloilo, PH Maui County, HI Bacarra City, PH Austin, TX Siem Reap, KH Suisun, CA Naguilian, PH HAWAI‘I Maui County, HI Badoc, PH Benbrook, TX Pailin Province, KH Union City, CA Baybay, PH Maui County, HI Cabugao, PH Commerce, TX Pailin Province, KH Union City, CA Chiang Rai, TH Maui County, HI Manila, PH Fort Worth, TX Bandung, ID Union City, CA Pasay City, PH Maui County in Hawai�i has Elgin, Illinois is the only US city Beaufort, North Carolina enjoys Maui County, HI Puerto Princesa, PH Salt Lake City, UT Quezon City, PH the most sister relationships in to share a sister relationship with a sister city relationship with Vallejo, CA Baguio, PH Maui County, HI Quezon City, PH Norfolk, VA Cagayan de Oro, PH ASEAN of any US city, county, or a city in Laos. Beaufort, Malaysia. Walnut, CA Calamba, PH Maui County, HI San Juan, PH Virginia Beach, VA Olongapo, PH state with 11 sister relationships. New Haven, CT Hue City, VN Maui County, HI San Nicholas, PH Lakewood, WA Bauang, PH Washington, DC Bangkok, TH US ASEAN US ASEAN US ASEAN Maui County, HI San Miguel, PH Seattle, WA Cebu City, PH State of Hawai�i Cebu Province, PH Mobile, AL Bolinao, PH Long Beach, CA Bacolod, PH Newport Beach, CA Vung Tau Ba Ria City, VN Maui County, HI Sarrat, PH Seattle, WA Hai Phong, VN State of Hawai�i Ilocos Norte Province, PH Juneau, AK Camiling, PH Long Beach, CA Phnom Penh, KH Oakland, CA Da Nang, VN Maui County, HI Zambales Province, PH Seattle, WA Sihanoukville, KH State of Hawai�i Ilocos Sur Province, PH Juneau, AK Kalibo, Aklan, PH Los Angeles, CA Jakarta, ID Orinda, CA Lanphun, TH Elgin, IL Vientiane, LA Seattle, WA Surabaya, ID Isabela Province, PH Yogyakarta, Special Palo Alto, CA Palo, PH State of Hawai�i State of California Los Angeles, CA Makati, PH State of Iowa State of Terengganu, MY Tacoma, WA Davao, PH Province, ID State of Hawai�i Pangasinan Province, PH Milpitas, CA Dagupan City, PH Rohnert Park, CA Tagaytay, PH Berkeley, CA Uma-Bawang, MY State of Maryland Ninh Thuan Province, VN Kenosha, WI Quezon City, PH Sacramento, CA Manila, PH Hawai�i County, HI Ormoc City, PH Lowell, MA Phnom Penh, KH Milwaukee, WI Medan, ID Carson, CA La Carlota, PH LEGEND Sacramento, CA Pasay, PH Honolulu, HI Baguio, PH Cambodia - KH; Indonesia - ID; Laos - LA; Chula Vista, CA Cebu City, PH Sterling Heights, MI Legazpi City, PH Malaysia - MY; Philippines - PH; Thailand - TH; Salinas, CA Cebu City, PH Fremont, CA Lipa City, PH Vietnam - VN San Bernardino, CA Roxas, PH Sources: Sister Cities International; individual sister city associations 38 39 ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA ASEAN MATTERS FOR AMERICA
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www.AsiaMattersforAmerica.org/ AsiaMattersforAmerica.org/ASEAN Japan THE ASIA MATTERS FOR AMERICA INITIATIVE Asia Matters for America/America Matters for Asia is an interactive resource for credible and nonpartisan information, graphics, analysis, and news on US-Asia Pacific relations at the national, state, and local levels.
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This project explores the important and multi-faceted relationship between the United States and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Part of the Asia Matters for America initiative, this publication and its corresponding website AsiaMattersforAmerica.org/ASEAN provide tools for a global audience to explore the increasing significance of the US-ASEAN relationship in the 21st century.
Asia Matters for America is an ISEAS - Yusof Ishak Institute is located initiative of the East-West Center in in Singapore and can be contacted at: Washington and can be contacted at:
Asia Matters for America ISEAS - Yusof Ishak Institute East-West Center in Washington 30 Heng Mui Keng Terrace 1819 L Street, NW, Suite 600 Singapore 119614 Washington, DC 20036 USA Tel: (+65)6778.0955 Tel: (+1)202.293.3995 ISEAS.edu.sg Fax: (+1)202.293.1402 [email protected] The US-ASEAN Business Council headquarters is in Washington, DC The East-West Center headquarters and can be contacted at: is in Honolulu, Hawai‘i: US-ASEAN Business Council East-West Center 1101 17th Street, NW, Suite 411 1601 East-West Road Washington, DC 20036 USA Honolulu, HI 96848 USA Tel: (+1)202.289.1911 Main Telephone: (+1)808.944.7111 USASEAN.org EastWestCenter.org