DOCSLIB.ORG

City of Bakersfield Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 2015

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
City of Bakersfield Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 2015 City of Bakersfield Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 2020 May 6, 2015 City of Bakersfield Community Development Department 1715 Chester Avenue Bakersfield, California 93301 Acknowledgment The City of Bakersfield and the Community Development Department staff would like to extend its gratitude to all the individuals and agencies that made this report possible. The following are organizations and individuals who were instrumental in assisting with the formulation of this report by lending their time and/or respected advice. We are grateful for their assistance. City Mayor Harvey Hall City Council Willie Rivera, Ward 1 Terry Maxwell, Ward 2 Ken Weir, Ward 3 Bob Smith, Ward 4 Harold Hanson, Ward 5 Jacquie Sullivan, Ward 6 Chris Parlier, Ward 7 City Manager Alan Tandy Community Development Department Douglas McIssac, Community Development Director Jacquelyn Kitchen, Planning Director Ryan Bland, Community Development Coordinator Adelina Carter, Associate Planner Tony Jaquez, Associate Planner Consultant GRC Associates, Inc. Finally, we would like to give a special thanks to the citizens of Bakersfield who provided us with critical survey information relating to their fair housing experience. Their participation was essential in shaping this analysis, which will influence fair housing activities in the City of Bakersfield for years to come. City of Bakersfield Contents Section Page 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 1 Fair Housing .................................................................................................................................. 1 Purpose of Report ........................................................................................................................ 3 Organization of Report ................................................................................................................. 4 Reporting Staff and Data Sources................................................................................................. 4 Public Participation ....................................................................................................................... 5 2. Bakersfield Profile ............................................................................................................................... 8 Population Profile ....................................................................................................................... 10 Household Characteristics .......................................................................................................... 13 Employment ............................................................................................................................... 18 Housing Characteristics .............................................................................................................. 20 Special Needs .............................................................................................................................. 23 Public Transit System .................................................................................................................. 31 Public Assisted Housing .............................................................................................................. 35 3. Mortgage Lending Practices .............................................................................................................. 43 Background ................................................................................................................................. 43 Legislative Protection ................................................................................................................. 43 Conventional and Government-Backed Financing ..................................................................... 44 Lending Practices ........................................................................................................................ 48 4. Public Policies and Practices ............................................................................................................. 52 City Policies and Programs Affecting Housing Development ..................................................... 52 5. Fair Housing Practices ....................................................................................................................... 69 Fair Housing Practices in the Homeownership Market .............................................................. 69 Fair Housing Practices in the Rental Housing Market ................................................................ 77 Fair Housing Services .................................................................................................................. 80 6. Conclusions, Impediments and Actions ............................................................................................ 86 Conclusions and Impediments ................................................................................................... 86 Actions ........................................................................................................................................ 89 Appendix A: Fair Housing Survey Appendix B: Public Comments Appendix C: 2014 Housing Conditions Survey Appendix D: List of Community Care Facilities Analysis of Impediment to Fair Housing Choice City of Bakersfield List of Tables Page Table 2-1 Age Distribution and Median Age 2012 ......................................................................... 11 Table 2-2 Bakersfield Household Tenure ....................................................................................... 13 Table 2-3 Bakersfield Household Income Relative to County MFI ................................................ 16 Table 2-4 Household Income of Bakersfield Residents 2012 ........................................................ 16 Table 2-5 Education Level of Bakersfield Residents Age 25 and Older ......................................... 17 Table 2-6 Employment by Industry in Kern County ....................................................................... 19 Table 2-7 Unemployment in Kern County and its Largest Cities (May 2014) ................................ 20 Table 2-8 Composition of Housing Stock 2012 .............................................................................. 20 Table 2-9 Housing Condition in Bakersfield (2014) ....................................................................... 21 Table 2-10 City of Bakersfield Housing Needs by Household Income 2013-2023 ........................... 22 Table 2-11 Owner and Renter Occupied Households in Bakersfield ............................................... 23 Table 2-12 Single-Parent Households in Bakersfield (2012) ............................................................ 24 Table 2-13 Persons with Disabilities in Bakersfield (2013) .............................................................. 25 Table 2-14 Homeless Population by Type of Shelter in Bakersfield (2014) ..................................... 28 Table 2-15 Proposed Emergency Solutions Grant Program (2015-2016) ........................................ 29 Table 2-16 Overcrowding and Overpaying in Bakersfield ............................................................... 30 Table 2-17 Kern County 2014 Income Limits ................................................................................... 31 Table 2-18 GET Fare Structure (2014) .............................................................................................. 33 Table 2-19 GET-A-Lift Fare Structure ............................................................................................... 34 Table 2-20 Low Income Housing – Housing Authority of the County of Kern ................................. 36 Table 2-21 Low Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) Rental Housing Developments in Bakersfield ...................................................................................................................... 37 Table 3-1 Home Purchase Loans by Race and Ethnicity in Kern County (2012) .................................................................................................... 45 Table 3-2 Disposition of Home Improvement Loans by Race and Ethnicity in Kern County (2012) .................................................................................................... 46 Table 3-3 Disposition of Home Purchase Loans Compared to Population by Race and Ethnicity in Bakersfield (2012) ....................................................................................... 47 Table 3-4 Home Purchase Loans by Income in Kern County (2012) .............................................. 49 Table 4-1 Residential Land-Use Designations ................................................................................ 53 Table 4-2 Zoning Categories and Usable Densities (Residential Zones) ........................................ 54 Table 4-3 Residential Off-Street Parking Standards ...................................................................... 57 Table 4-4 Minimum Size Requirements for Dwelling Units and Rooms ........................................ 58 Table 4-5 City of Bakersfield Goals and Programs Related to Housing ......................................... 64 Table 4-6 Residential Planning and Zoning Application Fees (as of 2014) .................................... 65 Table 5-1 Discrimination Cases, Findings and Actions in Bakersfield ...........................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Home at Last! Kern County's Plan to End Homelessness
    HOME AT LAST! KERN COUNTY’S PLAN TO END HOMELESSNESS BY 2028 Prepared For The Citizens of Kern County By United Way of Kern County And The Kern County Homeless Collaborative May 2018 “It is my strong belief that every individual and family deserves safe, af- fordable housing. I know the caring and compassionate people of Bak- ersfield and Kern County share this goal. It can be achieved through proactive, coordinated action and investments in cost-effective initiatives that solve homelessness. We have developed the plan. Now the real work begins. I am asking that you please join us now in ending homelessness in our community.” Harvey Hall, 2008 Mayor of Bakersfield, 2000-2016 Dedicated to: Harvey L. Hall, 1941-2018 Bakersfield Mayor, Businessman, Visionary Leader, Humanitar- ian, and Friend Executive Summary Home At Last! Kern County’s Plan to End Homelessness by 2028 ii The Kern County Homeless Collaborative believes that home- lessness is a solvable social problem and that through collabo- rative planning and action, we can eventually ensure that every individual and family has safe, affordable housing. Solving homelessness is the morally correct thing to do and will improve the life of the community. We look forward to the day when homelessness becomes a rare, brief and non-recurring event. During the past decade, Kern County saw an overall decrease of almost 40% in its home- less population, despite challenges brought on by Great Recession of 2008-2010. This was in large part due to the work of the Kern County Homeless Collaborative (KCHC) and its partner agencies, guided by the 2008 Home First! A Ten Year Plan to End Chronic Homelessness, which was prepared at the request of then Bakersfield Mayor Harvey L.
    [Show full text]
  • Kern County Board of Supervisors Summary of Proceedings for April 9
    SUMMARY OF PROCEEDINGS BOARD OF SUPERVISORS - COUNTY OF KERN 1115 Truxtun Avenue Bakersfield, California Regular Meeting Tuesday, April 9, 2002 9:00 A.M. BOARD RECONVENED Supervisors: McQuiston, Perez, Patrick, Peterson, Parra ROLL CALL: 4 Present; 1 Absent - Patrick NOTE: Supervisor Patrick was absent as she was in Washington, D.C., on fund-raising efforts for the San Joaquin Valley Air Quality Study. SALUTE TO FLAG - Led by Supervisor Peterson NOTE: The vote is displayed in bold below each item. For example, Patrick-Peterson denotes Supervisor Patrick made the motion and Supervisor Peterson seconded the motion. CONSENT AGENDA/OPPORTUNITY FOR PUBLIC COMMENT: ALL ITEMS LISTED WITH AN ASTERISK (*) OR A NUMBER SIGN (#) WERE CONSIDERED TO BE ROUTINE AND APPROVED BY ONE MOTION. BOARD ACTION SHOWN IN CAPS NOTE: Supervisor Peterson introduced study mentor Caitlin Butterfield, Wasco High School, and Gary Cheatwood, Wasco High School Activities Director; Caitlin Butterfield heard RESOLUTIONS/PROCLAMATIONS 1) Proclamation proclaiming April 2002 as Keep Bakersfield Beautiful Month in Kern County - PROCLAIMED; MADE PRESENTATION TO DANA KARCHER; DANA KARCHER HEARD; KEVIN BARTON, KEITH STOLLER AND COLLEEN CASHMORE INTRODUCED Parra-Peterson – 4 Ayes; 1 Absent - Patrick 2) Proclamation proclaiming April 2002 as Fair Housing Month in Kern County - PROCLAIMED; MADE PRESENTATION TO JERRY AND PAM ZULFA AND ANGIE TRIGUEIRO; JERRY ZULFA, BAKERSFIELD ASSOCIATION OF REALTORS, HEARD Peterson-McQuiston – 4 Ayes; 1 Absent - Patrick Summary of Proceedings Page
    [Show full text]
  • Draft Existing Conditions, Constraints and Opportunities Report
    DRAFT METROPOLITAN BAKERSFIELD GENERAL PLAN UPDATE EXISTING CONDITIONS, CONSTRAINTS AND OPPORTUNITIES REPORT APRIL 2009 TM Submitted to: County of Kern Planning Department 2700 'M' Street, Suite 100 Bakersfield CA 93301 (661) 862-8600 City of Bakersfield Planning Department 1715 Chester Avenue, 2nd Floor Bakersfield CA 93301 (661) 326-3733 Submitted by: PMC 2729 Prospect Park Drive, Suite 220 Rancho Cordova, CA 95670 Phone: (916) 361-8384 Fax: (916) 361-1574 TABLE OF CONTENTS DRAFT EXISTING CONDITIONS, CONSTRAINTS AND OPPORTUNITIES REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Issues Discussed.......................................................................................1.0-1 1.2 Document Organization..............................................................................1.0-2 2.0 EXISTING CONDITIONS REPORT 2.1 Land Use Element .................................................................................................2.1-1 2.1.1 Existing Conditions.....................................................................................2.1-1 2.1.2 Issues .........................................................................................................2.1-5 2.2 Circulation Element................................................................................................2.2-1 2.2.1 Existing Conditions.....................................................................................2.2-1 2.2.2 Issues .......................................................................................................2.2-10
    [Show full text]
  • Riverlakes Ranch Specific Plan
    PROLOGUE In May of 1986 the City of Bakersfield adopted the Rancho Laborde Specific Plan covering approximately 1,900 acres of land in the Rosedale area of Bakersfield's northwest. This Specific Plan provided the control mechanism for the residential, commercial and recreation development of the plan area. The area covered by the Rancho Laborde Specific Plan, which was once under multiple land ownership, has since been reunited under one ownership. The name of the previous Rancho Laborde Development and Specific Plan had been changed to RiverLakes Ranch. On June 27, 1990, the City of Bakersfield adopted the RiverLakes RanchIUnibell Specific Plan, an amendment to the RiverLakes Ranch Specific Plan. In April, 1996, Fruitvale Properties, LLC acquired the Unibell portion of the land base and became the Master Developer for the remaining approximately 900 acres of undeveloped land in the Specific Plan area. On October 23, 1996, the City of Bakersfield adopted another major amendment to the Specific Plan document deleting references to "Unibell" and incorporating consistent development standards which will be applied to the remaining undeveloped land, thus eliminating the previous, two chapter format. DEVELOPER AND CONSULTING TEAM FRUINALE PROPERTIES, LLC 4560 Coffee Road Bakersfield, California 93308 Contact: Bonnie Godfrey (805) 588-0301 MICHAEL DHANENS ARCHITECT, AIA P.O. Box 82155 Bakersfield, California 93380 Contact: Michael Wlanens AlA (805) 588-8407 DEWALT CORPORATION 1930 - 22nd Street Bakersfield, California 93301 Contact: Dennis
    [Show full text]
  • Cities and Joint Powers Committee
    CITIES AND JOINT POWERS COMMITTEE MISSION STATEMENT The Cities and Joint Powers Committee of the 2015-2016 Kern County Grand Jury is responsible for reviewing and overseeing the management, performance, and financial responsibilities of incorporated cities and joint powers agreements within Kern County. The Committee’s objective is to facilitate proper government practices in a manner that is fiscally responsible, transparent and efficient. Members: Mark Smith, Chairperson, Fred Garcia, Jr., Ray Grissom 35 CITIES AND JOINT POWERS COMMITTEE SUMMARY OF ACTIVITIES The Cities and Joint Powers Committee wrote the following reports that were approved by the Grand Jury and published: City of Bakersfield - Department of Recreation and Parks City of Delano - Celebrating a Century, Planning for the Future HIDDEN GOVERNMENTS - Joint Powers Authorities in California Inquired into the operations of the following cities: Arvin Bakersfield California City Delano Maricopa McFarland Reviewed Complaints: Three complaints were referred to the Cities and Joint Powers Committee. These complaints were reviewed and approved by the Grand Jury for closure through a letter. Further visits/inquiries made: City of Bakersfield Water Department City of Bakersfield Code Enforcement City of McFarland - McFarland Tri-Agency Partners Tobacco Settlement Joint Powers Authority Kern Groundwater Authority Other Activities Served on Grand Jury operating committees Toys-4-Tots Toy Drive Grand Jury Awareness Week 36 CITY OF BAKERSFIELD CODE ENFORCEMENT ON THE FRONT LINES SUMMARY: Neighborhoods becoming blighted, remodeling being accomplished with no regard for safety, vendors selling on street corners and homeless people camping in the riverbed, all are affecting the quality of life in Bakersfield. For these issues, the City of Bakersfield (City) Code Enforcement is on the front lines in maintaining the City’s quality of life.
    [Show full text]
  • FY 2018-19 Proposed Budget for Your Review
    About the Cover The FY 2018.19 cover features four photographs capturing various staff activities and projects occurring within the City over the past year. Top: 7KH.HHS$PHULFD%HDXWLIXO*UHDW$PHULFDQ&OHDQXS *$& LVRQHRIWKHODUJHVW community service events in the nation. $W WKLV \HDU·V th annual event, over 1,500 volunteers helped pick up litter, plant trees and weed gardens, and more across Bakersfield. This event is made possible through the leadership of the Keep Bakersfield Beautiful committee and its partners. Middle Left: Phase III of the Kaiser Permanente Thrive Sports Village officially opened to the public on April 20, 2018. The new facilities include a playground, picnic areas, restrooms, water features and parking lot. The park is located at 7300 Taft Highway. Phases I and II of complex include 12 soccer fields and four youth football fields. A tournament field is currently under construction. When completed, the 222 acre Sports Village will include additional soccer, football, baseball and softball fields, as well as community facilities. Middle Right: The Bakersfield Police Department hosted its 3rd annual Easter Egg Hunt for the Blind and Visually Impaired. The children, ages three through 13, searched for the eggs, which were outfitted with audible beepers that assisted the children in locating them. This event was brought indoors due to inclement weather, but officers still found a way to show the kids the equipment and answer any questions they had about law enforcement during the event. One little girl wanted to see the bomb squad trailer and was escorted back indoors by officers who took off their cover shirts to guard her from the rain.
    [Show full text]
  • Report – Chapter 10
    Chapter 10 EIR/EIS Distribution 10 EIR/EIS DISTRIBUTION The distribution of this Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Report/Environmental Impact Statement (EIR/EIS) emphasizes the importance of providing the documents in a number of different formats to ensure the information is fully accessible to members of the public. This includes the use of electronic media to ensure cost-effective, broad availability to the public and interested parties. The entire Fresno to Bakersfield Locally Generated Alternative (F-B LGA) Draft Supplemental EIR/EIS (Volumes I - III) and the supporting technical reports are available on the California High-Speed Rail Authority’s website. In addition to providing the documents in electronic format, the F-B LGA Draft Supplemental EIR/EIS (Volumes I-III) is also available in hard copy at the repositories listed below. Electronic copies of the Draft Supplemental EIR/EIS document and the supporting technical reports are available on compact disc upon request at the office of the California High-Speed Rail Authority, 770 L Street, Suite 800, Sacramento, CA 95814. All persons, agencies, and organizations listed in this chapter have been informed of the availability of, and locations to obtain, the Draft Supplemental EIR/EIS, as well as the timing of the 60-day formal comment period. Notice of availability of the Draft Supplemental EIR/EIS has been included in the Federal Register. Repositories and cooperating federal agencies were sent both hard and electronic copies of this Draft Supplemental EIR/EIS. Copies were filed with the California State Clearinghouse. Other federal agencies, state agencies, and selected interested parties listed below have received summary chapters and electronic copies of this Draft Supplemental EIR/EIS.
    [Show full text]
  • Kern Council of Governments (Kern Cog) 2014 P Reliminary R Egional T Ransportation P Lan (Rtp)
    KERN COUNCIL OF GOVERNMENTS (KERN COG) 2014 P RELIMINARY R EGIONAL T RANSPORTATION P LAN (RTP) Prepared for: KERN COUNCIL OF GOVERNMENTS (KERN COG) 1401 19TH STREET, SUITE 300 BAKERSFIELD, CALIFORNIA 93301 Prepared by: 2729 PROSPECT PARK DRIVE, SUITE 220 RANCHO CORDOVA, CA 95670 DECEMBER 2012 K ERN C OUNCIL OF G OVERNMENTS (KERN COG) 2014 PRELIMINARY REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION PLAN (RTP) Prepared for: KERN COUNCIL OF GOVERNMENTS (KERN COG) 1401 19TH STREET, SUITE 300 BAKERSFIELD, CALIFORNIA 93301 Prepared by: PMC 2729 PROSPECT PARK DRIVE, SUITE 220 RANCHO CORDOVA, CA 95670 DECEMBER 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 1-1 Regional Planning Process ........................................................................................................................ 1-1 Federal Surface Transportation Act (SAFETEA-LU and Its Successor) ................................................... 1-2 Overview of State Requirements ............................................................................................................... 1-2 Public Outreach .......................................................................................................................................... 1-3 Transportation Planning in the Kern Region .............................................................................................. 1-4 CHAPTER 2 Transportation Planning Policies ..............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • DRAFT 2018 Regional Transportation Plan and Sustainable Communities Strategy
    StratoLaunch System by Scaled Composites, Mojave Air & Space Port DRAFT 2018 Regional Transportation Plan and Sustainable Communities Strategy Pedestrian Overpass, McFarland Bike Rodeo, Bike Bakersfield Amtrak, Bakersfield Station Native American Petroglyph Monument Median Art, Ridgecrest Kern Council of Governments Board of Directors Chairman: Cheryl Wegman Vice Chairman: Bob Smith Executive Director: Ahron Hakimi City of Arvin City of Bakersfield Jose Gurrola Bob Smith City of California City City of Delano Jennifer A. Wood Rueben Pascual City of Maricopa City of McFarland Gary Mock Manuel Cantu City of Ridgecrest City of Shafter Michael R. Mower Cathy Prout City of Taft City of Tehachapi Orchel Krier Philip A. Smith City of Wasco County of Kern Cheryl Wegman David Couch County of Kern Zack Scrivner Military Joint Planning Policy Board Golden Empire Transit District Scott Kiernan Cindy Parra Caltrans District 6 Gail Miller TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ES-1 CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION Regional Planning Process 1-1 Federal Surface Transportation Act 1-3 Overview of State Requirements 1-3 Public Outreach 1-5 Transportation Planning in the Kern Region 1-6 Content of the 2014 RTP 1-9 Policy Element 1-9 Planning Assumptions 1-9 Sustainable Communities Strategy 1-10 Strategic Investment 1-10 Financial Element 1-10 Future Links 1-10 Monitoring Progress 1-10 Glossary & Acronyms 1-10 Appendices 1-11 CHAPTER 2 – TRANSPORTATION PLANNING POLICIES Introduction 2-1 Goals/Policies 2-2 Directions to 2050 Principles for Growth/RTP Goals Comparison
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents
    Table of Contents General Information Inside Front Cover Members of the 2006-2007 Kern County Grand Jury Photograph of 2006-2007 Kern County Grand Jury Presiding Judge for the Superior Court, Assistant Presiding Judge Support Staff Officers of the Grand Jury Grand Jury Foreman John Mainland Grand Jury Foreman’s Letter to the Judge Grand Jurors’ Oath Formal Statement of Position 2006-2007 Kern County Grand Jury Board of Supervisor’s Proclamation Oversight Responsibilities of the Grand Jury Committees 2006-2007 Kern County Grand Jury Organization and Committees Chart Administration and Audit Committee Mission Statement Summary of Year’s Work Kern Council of Governments Kern County Elections System Response Response by Board of Supervisors (Web site only) Grand Jury Letter (Web site only) Kern County Mental Health Department (Revenue Collections) Response by Board of Supervisors Kern County Personnel Department and Civil Service Commission Response by Personnel Department Response by Board of Supervisors (Web site only) Kern County Resource Management Agency, Roads Department Response by Board of Supervisors (Web site only) Cities and Joint Powers Committee Mission Statement Summary of Year’s Work Arvin Community Services District Response City of Arvin City of Bakersfield Response (Web site only) City of California City City of Delano City of Maricopa Response City of McFarland Response City of Ridgecrest Response (Web site only) City of Shafter Response City of Taft -1 Response City of Taft -2 Response City of Tehachapi Wasco Recreation
    [Show full text]
  • Metropolitan Bakersfield Transit System Long-Range Plan
    Golden Empire Transit District | Kern Council of Governments METROPOLITAN BAKERSFIELD TRANSIT SYSTEM LONG-RANGE PLAN Final Report April 2012 Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates Inc. | i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METROPOLITAN BAKERSFIELD LONG-RANGE TRANSIT PLAN STEERING COMMITTEE Golden Empire Transit • Karen King, Chief Executive Officer • Gina Hayden, Marketing Manager • Emery Rendez, Planner Kern Council of Governments • Rob Ball, Interim Director • Ron Brummett, Executive Director (Retired December 2011) • Bob Snoddy, Regional Planner CONSULTANT TEAM Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates • Linda Rhine, Project Manager • Paul Jewel, Deputy Project Manager • Steve Boland, Lead Service Planner • Kara Vuicich, Financial Planner • Anneka Imkamp, GIS /Cartographer Fehr & Peers Transportation Consultants • Richard Lee, Modeler • Kyle Cooke, Assistant Modeler VRPA Technologies, Inc. • Georgiena M. Vivian, Marketing Specialist • Dena Graham, Marketing Assistant Table of Contents Page 1 Executive Summary .........................................................................................................1-1 Existing Conditions ................................................................................................................................. 1-1 Best Practices .......................................................................................................................................... 1-2 Public Outreach .....................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Bakersfield System Study Summary Report
    Prepared for: Kern Council of Governments City of Bakersfield County of Kern Caltrans Prepared by: 2020 East First Street, Suite 400 Santa Ana, California 92705 December 2002 CONTENTS SECTIONS OF THIS REPORT Page No. 1. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 BACKGROUND 2 1.2 STUDY PARTICIPANTS 3 1.3 STUDY OBJECTIVES AND GOALS 4 1.4 STUDY PROCESS 5 1.5 COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT 7 2. ISSUES AND NEED ............................................................................................................................................ 11 2.1 EXISTING NETWORK DEFICIENCIES 12 2.2 EXISTING TRAFFIC PATTERNS AND CONGESTION 14 2.3 PROJECTED GROWTH 15 3. ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS................................................................................................................................. 16 3.1 BASELINE ALTERNATIVE 17 3.2 CANDIDATE ALTERNATIVES 18 3.3 PROJECT ALTERNATIVES 20 3.4 PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE 22 4. IMPLEMENTATION............................................................................................................................................. 25 4.1 FUNDING SOURCES 26 4.2 PROGRAMMING STRATEGIES 27 5. REFERENCES..................................................................................................................................................... 28 APPENDIX A ..........................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]