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Index Note: Page numbers followed by f and t indicate figures and tables, respectively. A primary, 191 Ablepharon, differential diagnosis, 51 Anemia, 261. See also Sickle cell anemia Abscess Anesthetics, topical, and neurotropic differential diagnosis, 47 keratopathy, 155 orbital, 72f, 95f Angioedema, 69, 72 subperiosteal, 71–73 Angioid streaks, 270–271, 271f presentation, 71 causes, 270 Acanthamoeba keratitis, 147–149, 148f differential diagnosis, 21, 271, 272, 276, differential diagnosis, 146, 149, 192 281, 282 Accommodative esotropia, 341–342, 341f management, 271 high, 341f, 342 presentation, 270–271 partially, 342 Angioma, facial, 130 Acetamide, for central retinal artery occlusion, Angle kappa, 339, 339f, 340 268 Aniridia, 135 Acetic acid burn, 5–7 and lens subluxation, 13 Acid burns, 5–7 Ankylosing spondylitis, ocular involvement Acne rosacea, 100–101 in, 194 differential diagnosis, 192 Anterior basement membrane dystrophy, and episcleritis in, 123 recurrent corneal erosion, 156 Acrochordon, 52 Anterior chamber cleavage syndrome, 192, 258 Actinic keratosis, 52–53, 53f Anterior chamber dysgenesis syndromes, 157 differential diagnosis, 52, 54, 62 Anterior corneal dystrophy(ies), 158–161 Actinomyces canaliculitis, 65 Anterior embryotoxon, 157, 158 Acute multifocal posterior placoid pigment Anterior scleritis, 124 epitheliopathy, 204–205, 205f Anterior segment transplantation, for anterior Acute myeloid leukemia, orbital involvement staphyloma, 189–191, 190f in, 94 Anterior uveitis, 10 Acute retinal necrosis syndrome, 209 Aphakia, and retinal detachment, 296–297 Adenoid cystic carcinoma, lacrimal gland, Apocrine hydrocystoma, 57, 58f 98, 99f Aponeurosis repair, for ptosis, 38 Adenoma “Apple peeling” technique, for removal of ciliary body, 325 internal limiting membrane, 318, pleomorphic, lacrimal gland, 97–98, 97f 319f Adenoviral conjunctivitis, 101–103, 102f Arcus juvenilis, 173 Age-related macular degeneration, 276–278, Arcus senilis, 173, 174f 277f differential diagnosis, 157, 158 differential diagnosis, 269, 272, 274, 276, ARM. See Age-related maculopathy 279 ARMD. See Age-related macular degeneration exudative, 276, 277f Arteriosclerosis, and macroaneurysm, 269 and vitreous hemorrhage, 270 Arteriovenous malformation, 90 management, 276–278 cavernous sinus, 128 nonexudative, 276, 277f retinal, 337, 337f presentation, 276 Arteriovenous nicking, 260 risk factors for, 276 Artificial tears, 114–115 Age-related maculopathy, 276 Aspergillus keratitis, 149, 150 Albinism, 285 Astrocytoma, retinal, 335, 336, 337 Alkali burns, 5–7 Atherosclerosis, and ocular ischemic differential diagnosis, 112 syndromes, 268–269 and recurrent corneal erosion, 156 Atopic keratoconjunctivitis, 45, 110, 112, 153 Alkaptonuria, blue sclera in, 134 Atopy Allergic conjunctivitis, 45 episcleritis in, 123 Allergy, 47 and filamentary keratitis, 154 and eyelid edema, 47, 69, 72 and keratoconus, 171 Alpha-Cor, 188 Atrial septal defect, 353 Amaurosis fugax, 267, 268 Atrofia bulbi, 136 Amblyopia, vitreous hemorrhage and, 19 Atrophic retinal holes, 297, 297f Amiodarone, corneal verticillata caused by, Autoimmune disorders, 110. See also specific 180, 181f disorder Ammonium hydroxide burns, 5–7 Avellino dystrophy, 161 AMPPPE. See Acute multifocal posterior AVM. See Arteriovenous malformation placoid pigment epitheliopathy Axenfeld anomaly syndrome, 135 Amyloid degeneration Axenfeld Reiger syndrome, 157, 158 conjunctival, 120 corneal, polymorphic, 178, 179f B Amyloidosis Bacillus differential diagnosis, 57, 128, 191, 192 corneal ulcer caused by, 146 orbital, 128 traumatic endophthalmitis caused by, 213 539 540 Index Bacterial corneal ulcer, 146–147, 146f chemical, 5–7, 6f, 64, 110, 112, 113, 136, Bacterial infection 155, 192 differential diagnosis, 192 and symblepharon, 116 endogenous endophthalmitis caused by, 215 thermal, 6, 112, 192 traumatic endophthalmitis caused by, 213 Bacterial keratitis, 9, 143, 147, 149 C Ballet sign, 76t Calcific band keratopathy, 176–177, 177f Band keratopathy, 176–177, 177f Calcium hydroxide burns, 5–7 Bardet-Biedl syndrome, and retinitis Canalicular lacerations, 2, 3f pigmentosa, 285 Canaliculitis, 65, 66f, 68 Basal cell carcinoma, 59–61, 60f Candida albicans, neonatal endogenous differential diagnosis, 51, 53, 54, 56, 62, 64 endophthalmitis caused by, 215 Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome, and retinitis Candida keratitis, 149, 149f pigmentosa, 285 Candidiasis, ocular involvement in, 201 Bear-track lesions, 332 Candlewax drippings, 199 Behçet syndrome, ocular involvement in, Capillary hemangioma, 81–84, 84f, 85t 212–213, 212f differential diagnosis, 59, 86 Berlin edema, 275 optic disk, 334, 335f Best disease, 280–281 retinal, 334–335, 335f Biett crystalline retinopathy, 280 differential diagnosis, 329, 335, 336, 337 Birdshot chorioretinitis, 280 exophytic, 329 Birdshot retinochoroidopathy, 206–207.207f presentation, 334 Birth trauma, corneal involvement in, 166, Capsular tension ring, 220 170, 192 Carbogen therapy, for central retinal artery Bleeding disorders, and hyphema, 15 occlusion, 268 Blepharitis, 100–101 Cardiac failure, high-output, 84 differential diagnosis, 46, 63, 64 Carotid cavernous fistula, 90–93, 92f, infectious, 100, 100f 127–129, 128f pemphigoid and, 112 differential diagnosis, 30, 72 seborrheic, 100 high-flow, 90, 93 staphylococcal, 100, 106 low-flow, 90, 92f, 93 and trichiasis, 64 posttraumatic, 31–32, 31f, 90, 93 Blepharophimosis syndrome, 33, 38, 48, 48f, traumatic, 31–32, 31f, 90, 93 49 Castroviejo square graft, 186f Blepharoptosis, 48 Cataract Blepharospasm and degenerative myopia, 272 in congenital glaucoma, 134–135 hypermature, and lens subluxation, 13 differential diagnosis, 35 mature, 222–223, 223f–226f Blood vessels, dilated, 125–126, 126f miotic pupil, 220–221, 221f in Sturge-Weber syndrome, 126–127, 127f posterior polar, 218–219, 218f Blow-out fractures, orbital, 26–28, 27f posterior subcapsular, and retinitis Blue sclera pigmentosa, 285 causes, 134 senile, 226–227, 226f–229f in osteogenesis imperfecta, 133–134, 134f differential diagnosis, 13 Bone marrow transplantation, and subluxated, 219–220, 219f conjunctivalization of cornea, 136 traumatic, 11–13, 12f Boston sign, 76t Cataract surgery. See also Intraocular lens Brain tumor surgery, and neurotropic corneal edema after, 236–237 keratopathy, 155 and cystoid macular edema, 238–239, 239f, Branch retinal artery occlusion, 265–266 274, 275f differential diagnosis, 19, 266 elevated intraocular pressure after, 238 Branch retinal vein occlusion, 265f endophthalmitis after, 240–242, 241f differential diagnosis, 261, 263, 269 hypotony after, 237–238 BRAO. See Branch retinal artery occlusion intraoperative complications, 234–236 Breast cancer, orbital metastases, 94 iridodialysis in, 235, 235f Bronchial carcinoma posterior capsular rupture in, 234–235, orbital metastases, 94 235f retinopathy secondary to, 217 postoperative complications, 236–243 Brown-McLean syndrome, 236 retinal detachment after, 239–240, 240f Brown syndrome, 353–354, 353f sphincter-involving technique, 221, 221f Brucellosis, 101 sphincter-sparing technique, 221 Bruch membrane, defects, 20 sub 1 mm 700-micrometer Brushfield spots, 325 (Microphakonit), 218f, 219 BRVO. See Branch retinal vein occlusion wound leak after, 237–238 Bullae, subepithelial, Fuchs endothelial Cavernous hemangioma, 85t, 90, 91f dystrophy and, 168f differential diagnosis, 81, 335, 336, 337 Bullous keratopathy iris, and hyphema, 15 aphakic, 167, 169, 192 retinal, 335, 336, 336f, 337 differential diagnosis, 167, 169, 192 Cavernous sinus pseudophakic, 167, 169, 192 arteriovenous malformation, 128 Buphthalmos thrombosis, 71–73 in congenital glaucoma, 134–135, 135f differential diagnosis, 69, 76, 78, 93, 128 differential diagnosis, 157, 158 presentation, 71 Burn(s) Cavernous sinus syndrome, 128 acid, 5–7 CCF. See Carotid cavernous fistula alkali, 5–7, 112, 156 Cellulitis Index 541 acute streptococcal, 69 precipitating factors, 273 orbital, 69, 71–73, 73t presentation, 273 adjacent infection and, 71 Choroid differential diagnosis, 30, 47, 66, 69, 73t, atrophy, age-related, 272 76, 78, 87, 128 cavernous hemangioma, 330–331, 330f management, 73 dystrophies, 285 posttraumatic, 71 hemangioma, 327, 328, 329 presentation, 71 melanocytoma, 332 sinus-related, 71 melanoma, 132, 327–329, 328f warning signs with, 73 amelanotic, differential diagnosis, 329 preseptal, 69–71 differential diagnosis, 216, 327, 328, with allergic reaction, 70f 330–333, 338 with bacterial infection, 70f management, 329 with dacryocystitis, 67f presentation, 327–329, 328f differential diagnosis, 47 vitreous hemorrhage in, 18 with fungal infection, 70f metastatic tumor, 329–330, 329f Central cloudy dystrophy of François differential diagnosis, 327–331 (corneal), 165, 165f, 175 neovascularization Central crystalline dystrophy of Schnyder, and cystoid macular edema, 274 164, 164f, 175 differential diagnosis, 21, 275 Central retinal artery occlusion, 266–268, nevus, 326–327, 327f 267f differential diagnosis, 328, 330, 331, 332 differential diagnosis, 19, 266 osteoma, 327, 331–332, 331f with duration of onset less than 24 hours, differential diagnosis, 327–331 268 rupture management, 268 differential diagnosis, 276 Central retinal vein occlusion, 264, 265f traumatic, 20–21, 20f differential diagnosis, 261, 263, 264, 269 tumors, 326–332 management, 264 Choroidal detachment, 316–317 presentation, 264, 265f expulsive, 317 Central serous chorioretinopathy, 273–274, hemorrhagic, 317 273f serous, 316 differential diagnosis, 274 intraoperative, 316 epidemiology, 273 postoperative,
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