DOCSLIB.ORG

Universiv Miaxxilms International 300 N

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or “target” for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “Missing Page(s)” . If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting througli an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark, it is an indication of either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, duplicate copy, or copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed. For blurred pages, a good image of the page can be found in the adjacent frame. If copyrighted materials were deleted, a target note will appear listing the pages in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photographed, a definite method of “sectioning” the material has been followed. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand comer of a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again—beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. For illustrations that cannot be satisfactorily reproduced by xerographic means, photographic prints can be purchased at additional cost and inserted into your xerographic copy. These prints are available upon request from the Dissertations Customer Services Department. 5. Some pages in any document may have indistinct print. In all cases the best available copy has been filmed. UniversiV Miaxxilms International 300 N. Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 8504326 Kim, Ben Sun FORCED POLITICAL REORIENTATION IN JAPAN: A STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF DEFEAT ON JAPANESE NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS The University of Oklahoma Ph.D. 1984 University Microfilms I nte rnâti O n âiæ o N. zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106 Copyright 1984 by Kim, Ben Sun All Rights Reserved PLEASE NOTE: In all cases this material has been filmed in the best possible way from the available copy. Problems encountered with this document have been identified here with a check mark V 1. Glossy photographs or pages. 2. Colored illustrations, paper or print______ 3. Photographs with dark background______ •4. Illustrations a re poor c o______ p y 5. Pages with black marks, not original copy. 6. Print shows through as there is text on both sides of page. 7. Indistinct, broken or small print on several pages. 8. Print exceeds margin requirements______ 9. Tightly bound copy with print lost in_______ spine 10. Com puter printout pag es with indistinct print. 11. P ag e(s)_____________lacking when material received, and not available from school or author. 12. P a g e (s)_____________seem to be missing in numbering only as text follows. 13. Two pages n u m b ere_____________ d . Text follows. 14. Curling and wrinkled p a g______ e s 15. O ther________________________________ _____________ ______________ _______________ University Microfilms International THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE FORCED POLITICAL REORIENTATION IN JAPAN: A STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF DEFEAT ON JAPANESE NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OP PHILOSOPHY By BEN SUN KIM Norman, Oklahoma 1984 FORCED POLITICAL REORIENTATION IN JAPAN: A STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF DEFEAT ON JAPANESE NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS APPROVED FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE By ©V . Copyright December 1984 by Ben Sun Kim, I ' l l ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Like any doctoral candidate, I have incurred many unrepayable debts in the course of my schooling. I wish to express my thanks to Professors Doo-Hun Kim, Yun-Hyok Kwon, and Wee-Don Chand, among other teachers in Korea, who stimulated my interest in Japanese national consciousness with which this dissertation is concerned. In particular, I wish to acknowledge my indebtedness to Professors Oliver Benson, Hugh MacNiven, Larry Hill, Ronald Peters, Vivien W. Ng and Sidney Brown, who served on my dissertation committee. I owe my greatest appreciation to Dr. Oliver Benson, chairman of my dissertation committee, for his readily available, gracious help and advice and his constant concern for the completion of my dissertation. I must note that the dissertation could not have been completed without Dr. Benson's personal attention and encouragement. I would also like to express my deep appreciation to Dr. Donald J. Maletz who, as graduate advisor, has rendered extraordinary help and understanding toward my personal problems. I also wish to thank Mr. Ota of the Japanese section and Mrs. Elizabeth Jenkins-Joffe of the East Asia division in the Library of Congress for assisting me in locating needed source materials. I owe more than I can readily express to Mrs. Christine Anderson who masqueraded as a typist but performed as a resident representative during my long absence from Oklahoma. Last but not least, my biggest and most special thanks go to my wife Hannah who, working as the family's primary breadwinner, tolerated many years of my schooling and gave up many evenings and weekend hours because of my love affair with the dissertation; to my mother-in-law, Mrs. Heh-eun Kim, who endured being a built-in babysitter for my children, and to my sons, Daniel and Samuel, who were forced to lead a semi-fatherless life because of my engrossment in working on the dissertation. Ben Sun Kim November 24, 1984 IV TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF TABLES vi Chapter I. INTRODUCTION .................................... 1 PART ONE CHARACTERISTICS OF JAPANESE NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS II. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS................... 17 III. JAPAN'S IMITATION OF WESTERN POWERS ........... 54 IV. FORTIFICATION OF NATIONALISM: SHINTOISM ....... 89 V. FORTIFICATION OF NATIONALISM: KOKUTAI ........ 131 VI. FORTIFICATION OF NATIONALISM: "THOUGHT-CONTROL".............................. 168 PART TWO FORCED POLITICAL REORIENTATION VII. DEFEAT AND OCCUPATION......................... 205 VIII. NATIONAL RESOLVE IN DEFEAT .................... 211 IX. DEMOCRATIZATION BY F I A T ....................... 224 X. "HUMANIZATION" OF THE EMPEROR................. 267 XI. DEMOCRATIZED TRADITIONAL MENTALITY ............ 284 PART THREE NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS AFTER THE OCCUPATION XII. PERSISTENCE OF JAPANESE NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS ................................. 333 1. Growing National Pride ........ 339 2. National Security Concerns ......... 350 3. Racial Implications ................ 369 XIII. NATIONAL INTEREST .............................. 385 XIV. SUMMARIES AND CONCLUSION....................... 436 BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................. 446 V LIST OF TABLES Page Table 1 Comparative Figures of Japanese Armies . .. 71 Table 2 Comparative Figures of Japanese Naval F o r c e s ................ 72 Table 3 Growth of Trade of Japan With Foreign Countries, Korea, and Formosa, 1885-1938 .. 87 Table 4 Primary School Enrollment in Japan, 1880-1910 106 Table 5 Trade of Japan Proper With Foreign Countries— 1903-1934 ......................... 113 Table 6 Growth of Major Shinto Shrines 1880-1934 126 Table 7 Attitudes Toward the Emperor ........ .288 Table 8 Support for, and Opposition to the Emperor S y s t e m ........................... 289 Table 9 Opinion on the Emperor S y s t e m ...............291 Table 10 Emperor System or Republican Government . .292 Table 11 Individual Rights Vs. Public Interest . .298 Table 12 Goals in Life ......... 299 Table 13 Attitudes Toward Superiors...................305 Table 14 Preference for Leadership T y p e ...............307 Table 15 Human Feeling Vs. Mechanization ............ 310 Table 16 Ancestor Worship ............ 311 Table 17 Political Party Support .................... 314 Table 18 Japanese Preference for Nationalities . .316 Table 19 Ranking of N a t i o n a l i s t s .................... 317 Table 20 Perception of Racial Superiority.............322 Table 21 Japanese Vs. Other Nationalities............ 323 vi vil LIST OF TABLESf continued Table 22 New Prime Minister's Visit to I s e .......... 328 Table 23 Rearmament for S e l f - D e f e n s e .................353 Table 24 Constitutional Provision for National Defense ............ 357 Table 25 Means for Japan's Security...................358 Table 26 Rearmament After Peace T r e a t y ...............362 Table 27 Rearmament After U. S.-Japan Security P a c t ................................363 Table 28 Opinion on L i b e r a l i s m ....................... 432 FORCED POLITICAL REORIENTATION IN JAPAN; A STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF DEFEAT ON JAPANESE NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION There seems to be an ambiguous aspect with regard to Japanese national consciousness.^ A great deal of serious attention had been given to Japanese national consciousness and their perfervid political loyalties until Japan's defeat in 1945.^ In contrast, since the defeat there has been a studied indifference to the very same question. In the course of planning the Occupation of Japan, ^National consciousness, once a very popular idea employed freely and blithely by most students of social science,
Recommended publications
  • Japan Between the Wars

    Japan Between the Wars

    JAPAN BETWEEN THE WARS The Meiji era was not followed by as neat and logical a periodi- zation. The Emperor Meiji (his era name was conflated with his person posthumously) symbolized the changes of his period so perfectly that at his death in July 1912 there was a clear sense that an era had come to an end. His successor, who was assigned the era name Taisho¯ (Great Righteousness), was never well, and demonstrated such embarrassing indications of mental illness that his son Hirohito succeeded him as regent in 1922 and re- mained in that office until his father’s death in 1926, when the era name was changed to Sho¯wa. The 1920s are often referred to as the “Taisho¯ period,” but the Taisho¯ emperor was in nominal charge only until 1922; he was unimportant in life and his death was irrelevant. Far better, then, to consider the quarter century between the Russo-Japanese War and the outbreak of the Manchurian Incident of 1931 as the next era of modern Japanese history. There is overlap at both ends, with Meiji and with the resur- gence of the military, but the years in question mark important developments in every aspect of Japanese life. They are also years of irony and paradox. Japan achieved success in joining the Great Powers and reached imperial status just as the territo- rial grabs that distinguished nineteenth-century imperialism came to an end, and its image changed with dramatic swiftness from that of newly founded empire to stubborn advocate of imperial privilege. Its military and naval might approached world standards just as those standards were about to change, and not long before the disaster of World War I produced revul- sion from armament and substituted enthusiasm for arms limi- tations.
  • Tra Storia E Leggenda “Kusanagi No Tsurugi” La Spada Falciatrice D’Erba

    Tra Storia E Leggenda “Kusanagi No Tsurugi” La Spada Falciatrice D’Erba

    Tra storia e leggenda “Kusanagi no Tsurugi” la Spada Falciatrice d’Erba Si narra che il dio Haya Susanoo - figlio del dio Attorno alle spade giapponesi (alla loro origine, ai Izanagi, creatore, insieme alla dea Izanami, delle fabbri che le forgiarono, ai personaggi che ne furo- isole nipponiche - venne esiliato nella regione di no in possesso o ne subirono gli effetti) sono fiorite Izumo dalle otto centinaia di decine di migliaia nel tempo numerose storie e leggende come quella di dei. Qui egli uccise un drago con otto teste per di Susanoo, sospese tra mito e realtà storicamente salvare una vergine, offerta in sacrificio al mostro. documentate. Tramandati di padre in figlio in epoche Trafitta a morte la bestia, si affrettò a smembrarla con lontane, molti di questi racconti sono inverosimili la propria spada ma, arrivato alla coda, non riuscì a alla luce della pragmatica logica occidentale, ma un troncarla: il filo della spada si intaccava, cozzando tempo erano venerati in Giappone come indiscutibili contro un elemento prodigiosamente inscalfibile. verità rivelate: spade indistruttibili e prodigiosamente Squarciata la coda per tutta la lunghezza, il dio trovò affilate riparavano torti e scacciavano spiriti malvagi all’interno una grande spada, che venne chiamata in nome della giustizia. E portavano nomi propri, Tsumugari (La Ben Affilata). Susanoo la consegnò legati al possessore, al fabbro o, più frequentemente, alla dea solare Amaterasu, che la diede poi al nipote ad un particolare elemento della loro straordinaria Ninigi quando questi discese dal cielo per governare vicenda. il Giappone. La spada fu infine ereditata dagli impe- ratori, il decimo dei quali, Suigin, ordinò che fosse _ custodita nel tempio di Ise.
  • Education Reform in Japan: a Case of Immobilist Politics (The Nissan Institute/Routledge Japanese Studies Series) 1

    Education Reform in Japan: a Case of Immobilist Politics (The Nissan Institute/Routledge Japanese Studies Series) 1

    Education Reform in Japan The Japanese education system is widely praised in western countries as a model to be emulated. In Japan, however, the system is criticized for its strict uniformity and for its supposed failure to train the creative minds that are needed for the next stage of economic advance. Since 1967 the Japanese government has twice embarked on major reform initiatives, but despite these high-profile attempts it has failed to achieve significant reform. Education Reform in Japan explains this failure in terms of an inability to reach consensus. The author argues that the prolonged one-party dominance by the Liberal Democratic Party has led to an internal diversity that has obstructed political change. He describes the paralysis that develops in the Japanese policy-making process when rifts occur between bureaucrats, party leaders and politicians specializing in education. He argues, moreover, that this ‘immobilism’ is not confined to education reform, but afflicts other areas of Japanese policy making as well. Leonard Schoppa is an Assistant Professor in the Woodrow Wilson Department of Government and Foreign Affairs, University of Virginia. He was first exposed to the Japanese education system as an elementary school child living in Japan, and became interested in the Japanese education reform debate after working as a junior high school teacher in the city of Kumamoto. His subsequent research took him back to Japan for numerous interviews with leading politicians, government officials and teachers’ union leaders. THE NISSAN
  • REVOLUTION GOES EAST Studies of the Weatherhead East Asian Institute, Columbia University

    REVOLUTION GOES EAST Studies of the Weatherhead East Asian Institute, Columbia University

    REVOLUTION GOES EAST Studies of the Weatherhead East Asian Institute, Columbia University The Studies of the Weatherhead East Asian Institute of Columbia University were inaugu rated in 1962 to bring to a wider public the results of significant new research on modern and contemporary East Asia. REVOLUTION GOES EAST Imperial Japan and Soviet Communism Tatiana Linkhoeva CORNELL UNIVERSITY PRESS ITHACA AND LONDON This book is freely available in an open access edition thanks to TOME (Toward an Open Monograph Ecosystem)—a collaboration of the Association of American Universities, the Association of University Presses, and the Association of Research Libraries—and the generous support of New York University. Learn more at the TOME website, which can be found at the following web address: openmono graphs.org. The text of this book is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International: https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0. To use this book, or parts of this book, in any way not covered by the license, please contact Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850. Visit our website at cornellpress. cornell.edu. Copyright © 2020 by Cornell University First published 2020 by Cornell University Press Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Linkhoeva, Tatiana, 1979– author. Title: Revolution goes east : imperial Japan and Soviet communism / Tatiana Linkhoeva. Description: Ithaca [New York] : Cornell University Press, 2020. | Series: Studies of the Weatherhead East Asian Institute, Columbia University | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2019020874 (print) | LCCN 2019980700 (ebook) | ISBN 9781501748080 (pbk) | ISBN 9781501748097 (epub) | ISBN 9781501748103 (pdf) Subjects: LCSH: Communism—Japan—History—20th century.
  • 177] Decentralization Are Implemented and Enduringneighborhood Organization Structures, Social Conditions, and Pol4ical Groundwo

    177] Decentralization Are Implemented and Enduringneighborhood Organization Structures, Social Conditions, and Pol4ical Groundwo

    DOCUMENT EESU E ED 141 443 UD 017 044 .4 ' AUTHCE Yates, Douglas TITLE Tolitical InnOvation.and Institution-Building: TKe Experience of Decentralization Experiments. INSTITUTION Yale Univ., New Haven, Conn. Inst. fOr Social and Policy Studies. SEPCET NO W3-41 PUB DATE 177] .NCTE , 70p. AVAILABLEFECM Institution for Social and,Policy Studies, Yale tUniversity,-',111 Prospect Street,'New Haven, Conn G6520. FEES PRICE Mt2$0.83 HC-$3.50.Plus Postage. 'DESCEIPTORS .Citizen Participation; City Government; Community Development;,Community Involvement; .*Decentralization; Government Role; *Innovation;. Local. Government; .**Neighborflood; *Organizational Change; Politics; *Power Structure; Public Policy; *Urban Areas ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to resolve what determines the success or failure of innovations in Participatory government; and,-more precisely what are the dynamics of institution-building by which the 'ideas of,participation arid decentralization are implemented and enduringneighborhood institutions aTe established. To answer these questiOns, a number of decentralization experiments were examined to determine which organization structures, Social conditions, and pol4ical arrangements are mcst conducive io.sucCessful innov,ation and institution -building. ThiS inquiry has several theoretical implications:(1) it.examines the nature and utility of pOlitical resources available-to ordinary citizens seeking to influence.their government; 12L it comments on the process of innovation (3) the inquiry addresses ihe yroblem 6f political development, at least as It exists in urban neighborhoods; and (4)it teeks to lay the groundwork fca theory of neighborhood problem-solving and a strategy of reighborhood development. (Author)JM) ****************44**************************************************** -Documents acquired by EEIC,include many Informal unpublished * materials nct available frOm-other sources. ERIC makes every effort * to obtain.the test copy available.
  • Nationalism in Japan's Contemporary Foreign Policy

    Nationalism in Japan's Contemporary Foreign Policy

    The London School of Economics and Political Science Nationalism in Japan’s Contemporary Foreign Policy: A Consideration of the Cases of China, North Korea, and India Maiko Kuroki A thesis submitted to the Department of International Relations of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, February 2013 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of <88,7630> words. Statement of use of third party for editorial help I can confirm that my thesis was copy edited for conventions of language, spelling and grammar by Josh Collins and Greg Demmons. 2 of 3 Abstract Under the Koizumi and Abe administrations, the deterioration of the Japan-China relationship and growing tension between Japan and North Korea were often interpreted as being caused by the rise of nationalism. This thesis aims to explore this question by looking at Japan’s foreign policy in the region and uncovering how political actors manipulated the concept of nationalism in foreign policy discourse.
  • Spring 2012: IUC Newsletter

    Spring 2012: IUC Newsletter

    IUC NewsletterSpring 2012 Dear IUC Alumni and Friends, As the fiftieth anniversary of the IUC approaches, I am delighted to report that the state of the IUC community is stronger than ever. Thanks to the prodigious efforts of the IUC Alumni Association Executive Board, we are now in communication with 94% of all living alumni —a number that makes me beam with pride. As a sign of our ever-deepening network, many of you have been actively getting in touch with us and with each other, re-kindling friendships with former classmates, and making new connections with graduates from other classes. Oakland A’s vs Seattle Mariners game, Sunday, July 8, 2012 Getting to know our alumni has been the most exciting aspect at 1:00 p.m. in Oakland of my work as Executive Director. It has been an honor and privilege to meet with so many of you in person, and to get to 2013 Association for Asian know you through email, LinkedIn, and Facebook. IUC gradu- Studies IUC Reception, ates have made outstanding contributions to every dimension Saturday, March 23, 2013, in San Diego of the international understanding of Japan: from research, education, and translation to law, business, journalism, diplo- IUC 50th Anniversary Gala macy, the fine arts, popular culture, and cuisine. Each year, Celebration, Fall 2013 the number of alumni accomplishments grows and the di- See page 13 for details. versity of your endeavors expands to meet the needs of a changing world. Here are some choice facts about the IUC alumni com- munity that I have come to cherish, and that every gradu- ate should know and take pride in: *Eight IUC alumni have received the Order of the Rising Sun, undoubtedly more than any other U.S.
  • Yalın Akçevin History of Modern Japan 1 Between Empire And

    Yalın Akçevin History of Modern Japan 1 Between Empire And

    Yalın Akçevin History of Modern Japan Between Empire and Democracy: Japan’s Taishō Experience Beginning under the reign of the Taishō emperor, with the cabinet of the first commoner Prime Minister Hara Takashi in 1918, the Empire of Japan experienced a period of democratic and liberal ascendancy until 1932, when Prime Minister Inukai Tsuyoshi was assassinated on May 15 by young naval officers wherewith a definitive slide towards militarism took hold. Looking at the rise and fall of this section of the Taishō Democracy period, which lasted for fourteen years between 1918 and 1932, I would argue that the rise and decline of democracy and liberalism in Imperial Japan coincided with the fall and rise of an aggressive empire building campaign in Asia. Furthermore, despite being a “failure” in the practice of democracy and liberalism, the experience of the Taishō Democracy does not show that democracy and liberalism have been – and/or still are – incompatible with and are fundamentally alien to Japan. What the Japanese experience in this period rather shows is that democracy in this period rested on shaky grounds with a weak defense, which allowed it to be washed aside by more aggressive forces bent on imposing their will on Imperial Japan. Looking into the rise of democratic and liberal political trends in 1918, one thing that can be seen definitively is that these developments came at a time when the peacetime empire of Japan reached its greatest extent, the pursuit of empire calmed down, and equality with the West was thought to be achieved. Japan was a victorious Allied power and a party to the Paris Peace Conference that would follow in 1919, the empire stretched from Korea to “South Seas” in Micronesia, and there was a noticeable lack of immediate enemies to the empire with the West in alliance, Russia in turmoil, and China crippled as it had been for the past half century.
  • Hard-Rock Mining, Labor Unions, and Irish Nationalism in the Mountain West and Idaho, 1850-1900

    Hard-Rock Mining, Labor Unions, and Irish Nationalism in the Mountain West and Idaho, 1850-1900

    UNPOLISHED EMERALDS IN THE GEM STATE: HARD-ROCK MINING, LABOR UNIONS AND IRISH NATIONALISM IN THE MOUNTAIN WEST AND IDAHO, 1850-1900 by Victor D. Higgins A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History Boise State University August 2017 © 2017 Victor D. Higgins ALL RIGHTS RESERVED BOISE STATE UNIVERSITY GRADUATE COLLEGE DEFENSE COMMITTEE AND FINAL READING APPROVALS of the thesis submitted by Victor D. Higgins Thesis Title: Unpolished Emeralds in the Gem State: Hard-rock Mining, Labor Unions, and Irish Nationalism in the Mountain West and Idaho, 1850-1900 Date of Final Oral Examination: 16 June 2017 The following individuals read and discussed the thesis submitted by student Victor D. Higgins, and they evaluated his presentation and response to questions during the final oral examination. They found that the student passed the final oral examination. John Bieter, Ph.D. Chair, Supervisory Committee Jill K. Gill, Ph.D. Member, Supervisory Committee Raymond J. Krohn, Ph.D. Member, Supervisory Committee The final reading approval of the thesis was granted by John Bieter, Ph.D., Chair of the Supervisory Committee. The thesis was approved by the Graduate College. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author appreciates all the assistance rendered by Boise State University faculty and staff, and the university’s Basque Studies Program. Also, the Idaho Military Museum, the Idaho State Archives, the Northwest Museum of Arts and Culture, and the Wallace District Mining Museum, all of whom helped immensely with research. And of course, Hunnybunny for all her support and patience. iv ABSTRACT Irish immigration to the United States, extant since the 1600s, exponentially increased during the Irish Great Famine of 1845-52.
  • Political Development Theory in the Sociological and Political Analyses of the New States

    Political Development Theory in the Sociological and Political Analyses of the New States

    POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT THEORY IN THE SOCIOLOGICAL AND POLITICAL ANALYSES OF THE NEW STATES by ROBERT HARRY JACKSON B.A., University of British Columbia, 1964 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in the Department of Political Science We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA September, I966 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission.for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the Head of my Department or by his representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Department of Polit_i_g^j;_s_gience The University of British Columbia Vancouver 8, Canada Date September, 2, 1966 ii ABSTRACT The emergence since World War II of many new states in Asia and Africa has stimulated a renewed interest of sociology and political science in the non-western social and political process and an enhanced concern with the problem of political development in these areas. The source of contemporary concepts of political development can be located in the ideas of the social philosophers of the nineteenth century. Maine, Toennies, Durkheim, and Weber were the first social observers to deal with the phenomena of social and political development in a rigorously analytical manner and their analyses provided contemporary political development theorists with seminal ideas that led to the identification of the major properties of the developed political condition.
  • An Analysis of the Manchurian Incident and Pan

    An Analysis of the Manchurian Incident and Pan

    Imperial Japan and English Language Press: An Analysis of the Manchurian Incident and Pan-Asianism By Garrett Weeden A thesis submitted to the Graduate School School-Newark Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Master of Arts Graduate Program in World Comparative History Written under the direction of Daniel Asen And approved by _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ Newark, New Jersey January 2017 Copyright Page: © 2017 Garrett Weeden ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Abstract of the Thesis Imperial Japan and English Language Press: An Analysis of the Manchurian Incident and Pan-Asianism By Garrett Weeden Thesis Director: Daniel Asen Abstract This thesis seeks to use English language publications to help shine a light on Pan-Asianism as an ideology in regards to Manchuria and the Empire as a whole. The Japanese Empire was a transnational one and one that existed during a time of increasing internationalism. In the field there has not been as much attention to the role that Pan-Asianism has played in the foreign relations of Japan. I will study this by using English language Pan-Asianist texts as well as Japanese governmental and semi- governmental publication cross-referenced with United States Department of State archive to see the effect of such texts on the ideology. The effect was usually negligible, but the reasons and avenue that it was pursued may be even more important and interesting. The focus is on the time period from 1931 until 1934 because that it when the massive changes occurred in Japan within a rapidly changing international environment.
  • Powerful Warriors and Influential Clergy Interaction and Conflict Between the Kamakura Bakufu and Religious Institutions

    Powerful Warriors and Influential Clergy Interaction and Conflict Between the Kamakura Bakufu and Religious Institutions

    UNIVERSITY OF HAWAllllBRARI Powerful Warriors and Influential Clergy Interaction and Conflict between the Kamakura Bakufu and Religious Institutions A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI'I IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN HISTORY MAY 2003 By Roy Ron Dissertation Committee: H. Paul Varley, Chairperson George J. Tanabe, Jr. Edward Davis Sharon A. Minichiello Robert Huey ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Writing a doctoral dissertation is quite an endeavor. What makes this endeavor possible is advice and support we get from teachers, friends, and family. The five members of my doctoral committee deserve many thanks for their patience and support. Special thanks go to Professor George Tanabe for stimulating discussions on Kamakura Buddhism, and at times, on human nature. But as every doctoral candidate knows, it is the doctoral advisor who is most influential. In that respect, I was truly fortunate to have Professor Paul Varley as my advisor. His sharp scholarly criticism was wonderfully balanced by his kindness and continuous support. I can only wish others have such an advisor. Professors Fred Notehelfer and Will Bodiford at UCLA, and Jeffrey Mass at Stanford, greatly influenced my development as a scholar. Professor Mass, who first introduced me to the complex world of medieval documents and Kamakura institutions, continued to encourage me until shortly before his untimely death. I would like to extend my deepest gratitude to them. In Japan, I would like to extend my appreciation and gratitude to Professors Imai Masaharu and Hayashi Yuzuru for their time, patience, and most valuable guidance.