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Feature History Fall of Parts 1 and 2 Quick Write: What do you know about Yugoslavia or the ? You may simply list all you know as bullet point items or you may write with complete sentences.

The Balkans is a peninsula and cultural area in eastern and southeastern Europe. It is an ethnically diverse region and is considered a crossroad of east and west. Yugoslavia, as a country, was a federation of six republics. It was established in 1918 and formerly dissolved in 1992.

1. In the late 1930s, which pressured Yugoslavia and what was being offered by those countries?

2. What significant event occurred in Yugoslavia in 1941?

3. Who was instrumental in defeating the invaders and later became president of Yugoslavia?

4. What was Yugoslavia's leader's main ideology regarding the country?

5. When did Yugoslavia's dictatorial leader die?

6. How long did the country try to function as though their leader had not died?

7. What significant world events led the Yugoslavians to finally accept their country was no longer under their former leader's influence?

8. Whom did blame when conditions became tough and how did those people react to the accusations?

9. Who were the first to break away from Yugoslavia?

10. Explain what happened in January 1990.

Use the following information from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4997380.stm to supplement your notes: Timeline: Break-up of Yugoslavia

Yugoslavia was first formed as a kingdom in 1918 and then recreated as a Socialist state in 1945 after the Axis powers were defeated in World War II.

The constitution established six constituent republics in the federation: Bosnia-Hercegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, , Serbia and Slovenia. Serbia also had two autonomous provinces: Kosovo and .

By 1992 the Yugoslav Federation was falling apart. had once again replaced communism as the dominant force in the Balkans.

Slovenia and then Croatia were the first to break away, but only at the cost of renewed conflict with Serbia.

The war in Croatia led to hundreds of thousands of refugees and reawakened memories of the brutality of the 1940s.

By 1992 a further conflict had broken out in Bosnia, which had also declared independence. The Serbs who lived there were determined to remain within Yugoslavia and to help build a .

They received strong backing from extremist groups in . Muslims were driven from their homes in carefully planned operations that become known as "ethnic cleansing".

By 1993 the Bosnian Muslim government was besieged in the capital Sarajevo, surrounded by Bosnian Serb forces who controlled around 70% of Bosnia.

In Central Bosnia, the mainly Muslim army was fighting a separate war against Bosnian who wished to be part of a greater Croatia. The presence of UN peacekeepers to contain the 2 situation proved ineffective.

Use the following graphic organizer to take notes on the review lecture and slide presentation:

Key People Key Places

Key Dates Key Concepts

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