FAQ About Recycling Cartons
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Effects of Moisture on the Biaxial Strength of Wood-Based Composites
EFFECTS OF MOISTURE ON THE BIAXIAL STRENGTH OF WOOD-BASEDCOMPOSITES J. C. Suhling* J.M. Considine ** K. C. Yeh* * Department of Mechanical Engineering Auburn University Auburn, AL36849-5341 ** U.S.D.A. Forest Products Laboratory One Gifford Pinchot Drive Madison,WI 53705-2398 ABSTRACT applications such as corrugated containers where it is subjected to complicated biaxial stress states, In the present work, the effects of moisture on including shear. At present, lack of accurate the biaxial strength of wood-based composite materials constitutive relations and reliable strength has been examined. Experiments have been performed on predictions under biaxial loading and variable paperboard to measure the uniaxial and biaxial input environments hampers analysis of such problems. parameters of the tensor polynomial criterion at Therefore, it has been common practice in the paper several levels of relative humidity. With these data, industry to use trial and error, and empirical the dependence of the zero shear biaxial failure approaches for optimizing the designs of paperboard envelope on humidity level has been predicted and products. The current lack of technology limits trends have been observed. creative design improvements which could curtail the excess use of materials and energy. Accurate predictions of material strength under 1. INTRODUCTION general biaxial normal loading plus shear are needed by the design engineer when considering typical Unlike laminated fiber-reinforced composite structural applications of paperboard. Examples of materials, paper (paperboard) is a multiphase important current applications where biaxial stress composite composed of moisture, fibers, voids, and states exist in paperboard include the quality control possibly chemical additives. The fibers in paperboard burst test (bulged plate), material handling are typically organic with cellulose fibers from wood operations during the papermaking process, and stacked being the chief material. -
Cardboard and Brown Paper Bags Office Paper, Newspaper, Junk Mail, Magazines, and Catalogs
Recycling Center 801 Diamond Valley Drive Open: Daily to the public during daylight hours This guide will help you properly prepare your recyclable materials for drop-off at the Town of Windsor Recycle Center. This is a drop-off facility. It does not have a buy-back option and is for use by residents and small businesses. Following this information will help maintain the facility and the recycling program for the benefit of the community. IMPORTANT… • Do not leave your recyclables in plastic bags. Plastic bags are NOT recyclable! • The plastic item must be a BOTTLE or JAR. with a #1 or #2 on the bottom. • 99 percent of these will have a screw-on plastic lid (which isn’t recyclable). • Plastic containers with a #3 - #7 on the bottom are NOT acceptable. • Tubs, buckets, deli plates, microwave/fast food trays, wrappers, Styrofoam, toys, patio furniture, etc. are NOT acceptable. • Plastic bottles larger than 2.5 gallons are NOT acceptable. • Syringes and other medical supplies are NOT acceptable. Cardboard and Brown Paper Bags Corrugated cardboard is easy to recognize. It is made of paper and has an arched layer called “fluting” between smooth sheets called “liners”. The drop-off site has two 40-yard hydraulic compactor units for collecting corrugated cardboard and brown paper bags. The compaction system is self-activated by depositing the prepared materials into a six-inch tall slot. Flatten boxes. Cut or tear large boxes into sections no larger than 4 feet by 4 feet to prevent jamming the machine. No wet, waxed-coated or food-contaminated boxes. -
The EMA Guide to Envelopes and Mailing
The EMA Guide to Envelopes & Mailing 1 Table of Contents I. History of the Envelope An Overview of Envelope Beginnings II. Introduction to the Envelope Envelope Construction and Types III. Standard Sizes and How They Originated The Beginning of Size Standardization IV. Envelope Construction, Seams and Flaps 1. Seam Construction 2. Glues and Flaps V. Selecting the Right Materials 1. Paper & Other Substrates 2. Window Film 3. Gums/Adhesives 4. Inks 5. Envelope Storage 6. Envelope Materials and the Environment 7. The Paper Industry and the Environment VI. Talking with an Envelope Manufacturer How to Get the Best Finished Product VII. Working with the Postal Service Finding the Information You Need VIII. Final Thoughts IX. Glossary of Terms 2 Forward – The EMA Guide to Envelopes & Mailing The envelope is only a folded piece of paper yet it is an important part of our national communications system. The power of the envelope is the power to touch someone else in a very personal way. The envelope has been used to convey important messages of national interest or just to say “hello.” It may contain a greeting card sent to a friend or relative, a bill or other important notice. The envelope never bothers you during the dinner hour nor does it shout at you in the middle of a television program. The envelope is a silent messenger – a very personal way to tell someone you care or get them interested in your product or service. Many people purchase envelopes over the counter and have never stopped to think about everything that goes into the production of an envelope. -
Different Perspectives for Assigning Weights to Determinants of Health
COUNTY HEALTH RANKINGS WORKING PAPER DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES FOR ASSIGNING WEIGHTS TO DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH Bridget C. Booske Jessica K. Athens David A. Kindig Hyojun Park Patrick L. Remington FEBRUARY 2010 Table of Contents Summary .............................................................................................................................................................. 1 Historical Perspective ........................................................................................................................................ 2 Review of the Literature ................................................................................................................................... 4 Weighting Schemes Used by Other Rankings ............................................................................................... 5 Analytic Approach ............................................................................................................................................. 6 Pragmatic Approach .......................................................................................................................................... 8 References ........................................................................................................................................................... 9 Appendix 1: Weighting in Other Rankings .................................................................................................. 11 Appendix 2: Analysis of 2010 County Health Rankings Dataset ............................................................ -
Corrugated Board Structure: a Review M.C
ISSN: 2395-3594 IJAET International Journal of Application of Engineering and Technology Vol-2 No.-3 Corrugated Board Structure: A Review M.C. Kaushal1, V.K.Sirohiya2 and R.K.Rathore3 1 2 Assistant Prof. Mechanical Engineering Department, Gwalior Institute of Information Technology,Gwalior, Assistant Prof. Mechanical Engineering 3 Departments, Gwalior Engineering College, Gwalior, M. Tech students Maharanapratap College of Technology, Gwalior, [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT Corrugated board is widely used in the packing industry. The main advantages are lightness, recyclability and low cost. This makes the material the best choice to produce containers devoted to the shipping of goods. Furthermore examples of structure design based on corrugated boards can be found in different fields. Structural analysis of paperboard components is a crucial topic in the design of containers. It is required to investigate their strength properties because they have to protect the goods contained from lateral crushing and compression loads due to stacking. However in this paper complete and detailed information are presented. Keywords: - corrugated boards, recyclability, compression loads. Smaller flutes offer printability advantages as well as I. INTRODUCTION structural advantages for retail packaging. Corrugated board is essentially a paper sandwich consisting of corrugated medium layered between inside II. HISTORY and outside linerboard. On the production side, corrugated In 1856 the first known corrugated material was patented is a sub-category of the paperboard industry, which is a for sweatband lining in top hats. During the following four sub-category of the paper industry, which is a sub-category decades other forms of corrugated material were used as of the forest products industry. -
Tyvek Graphics Technical Data Sheet
DuPont ™ Tyvek ® for Graphics DURABLE – ECO-FRIENDLY – RECYCLABLE Available in sheets or rolls; usable for nearly all print technolo gies DuPont Tyvek a is a tough, durable, eco-friendly and 100% recyclable material available in sheets and rolls for all print technologies. DuPont Tyvek ® products are used for long-lasting signs, banners, flags, displays, visual merchandising, map and book printing, packaging, credit card sleeves, envelopes, shopping bags, wallets, wall coverings, drapery, and promotional apparel. Tyvek ® is also gaining use as a template material for signs because it is lightweight, durable, and is unaffected by moisture. Conventional laser printing is not recommended on Tyvek ® because of the temperatures involved in the printing units. For the same reason, Tyvek ® should not be used in electrostatic copiers. PRODUCT TYPE OF PRINTING USED FOR COATED MILS OZ. [GSM] CORE NOTES IDEAL USES STOCK WIDTHS Black Tyvek Flexography, Gravure, Offset Uncoated 5 mil 1.25 oz 2” Paper-like. Banners & Signs 36", 45" Lithography, Screen Process, UV-cure [42 gsm] Hard Structure Custom sizes available Inkjet (w/ testing due to lighter weight) Available in 10-yard rolls 1085D Digital on Demand, Flexography, Uncoated 10.3 mil 3.2 oz 3” Paper-like. Banners & Signs. Extra body 48.25", 57.125", 114.25" Gravure, Offset Lithography, Screen [109 gsm] Hard Structure for shape development. Custom sizes available Process, UV-cure Inkjet Available in 10-yard rolls 1079 Digital on Demand, Flexography, Uncoated 7.9 mil 2.85 oz 3” Paper-like. Tags & Labels 48" Gravure, Offset Lithography, Screen [97 gsm] Hard Structure Custom sizes available Process, Thermal Transfer, UV-cure Available in 10-yard rolls Inkjet 1073D Digital on Demand, Flexography, Uncoated 7.5 mil 2.2 oz 3” Paper-like. -
Paper and Board Packaging Recyclability Guidelines
FOR THE FU IGN TU ES R D E PAPER AND BOARD PACKAGING RECYCLABILITY GUIDELINES PAPER AND BOARD PACKAGING RECYCLABILITY GUIDELINES Helping retailers and brands specify and design packaging that can be reprocessed in paper mills 2 PAPER AND BOARD PACKAGING RECYCLABILITY GUIDELINES 3 CONTENTS PAPER AND BOARD PACKAGING RECYCLABILITY GUIDELINES Paper is a sustainable, renewable and ecologically sound choice for packaging DE because almost all paper and board is recyclable. In practice, the recyclability of 4 Plastic SIG packaging products will be determined by composition and design, and the way N they are collected and presented for reprocessing. The vast majority of paper- based products are easily recyclable. 8 Coatings FO R Paper recycling in the UK is a success story, with over 80% of paper and board 9 Peelable Solutions T packaging recovered for recycling. Paper for Recycling (PfR) is collected primarily H for use in manufacturing processes and is used as an alternative to virgin materials e.g. wood pulp. When presented it should therefore be of adequate quality and 10 Varnishes and Curable Varnishes E Recyclability of paper-based packaging economically viable to use. F As society evolves, different applications are found for paper and board which 11 Adhesives U sometimes require changes to its functionality. This is often achieved by combining 11 Alternative Barriers T the fibre substrate with another material to form a composite multi-layer laminate, U providing properties such as water resistance or a gas barrier to extend product life. These changes provide challenges for recycling, and in many instances can R 97% 12 Paper Products 3% increase the costs of reprocessing and of waste disposal. -
French Reverse Or Airplane Straight? Carton Styles Explained
French Reverse or Airplane Straight? Carton Styles Explained. Industry Insights • Global folding carton packaging market valued at $117B in 2018. View Source • Expected CAGR of 4.4% over 2019–2024 forecast period. View Source • Brand owners and marketers are leaning on packaging to allure consumers more than ever before. • Folding carton products still represent the most important material used for the packaging of goods with roughly 25% of market share. • US folding carton shipments projected to be $9.65B in 2021. View Source French Reverse Tuck (also known as Reverse Tuck End) • Style differs from the Standard Reverse Tuck due to its bottom closure attaching in the rear and folding/tucking towards the front of the carton while its top closure is joined in front and folds/tucks towards the rear. The diagram shows a French Reverse Tuck carton with a slit (pie) lock bottom (more secure) and a friction lock top closure (easy to open and re-close). This style has a polished, finished look which enhances graphic design capabilities. Additional available closure styles include a friction lock for top and bottom and the slit jock for top and bottom. Able to set up fast and easy without tape or glue. • Usages: Custom food, medical, pharmaceutical packaging, retail, software boxes, and toy boxes. • Pros: Cost effective, easy assembly, compact storing, works for light packaging. • Cons: Not good for heavy products, raw edges on front of box. Airplane Style Straight Tuck (also known as Straight Tuck End) • Style features closure panels on both the bottom and top that hinge from the rear and tuck in the front. -
Manufacturing of Paperboard and Corrugated Board Packages
Lecture 9: Manufacturing of paperboard and corrugated board packages Converting operations: printing, die-cutting, folding, gluing, deep-drawing After lecture 9 you should be able to • describe the most important converting operations in paper and paperboard package manufacturing • discuss important runnability considerations in paperboard package handling • relate factors affecting runnability to pppaperboard app earance and pyphysical performance quality parameters 1 Literature • Pulp and Paper Chemistry and Technology - Volume 4, Paper Products Physics and Technology, Chapter 10 • Paperboard Reference Manual, p. 157-225 • Fundamentals of packaging technology Chapters 4, 6, 15 and 18 Paperboard Packaging Design is the result of • Personal creativity plus – Knowledge and understanding of packaging materials, including: • Structural properties • Graphic capabilities • Converting processes and converting properties • Customer packaging systems • Marketing objectives • Distribution requirements • Retail outlet expectations • Needs and desires of end user • How end user will use the product • Many people may contribute to the design 2 Overall, the design must provide: • Containment of product • Protection of product • Ease in handling through distribution • Prevention of product spoilage • Tamper evidence • Consumer convenience • Brand identification • Communications for the consumer: – Instructions for product use – Coding for quality assurance, expiration dates – Dietary and nutritional information The design should consider: 1. Converting -
Label Liners: Meeting the Sustainability Challenge
Label liners: meeting the sustainability challenge By Mariya Nedelcheva, Product Manager Film & With ever-greater emphasis placed on packaging and waste reduction, Jenny Wassenaar, Compliance & Sustainability brand owners are looking for solutions that secure their sustainability Director, Avery Dennison credentials. Consumers pay particularly close attention to packaging, where there are significant environmental gains to be made. For example, waste from labelling can create useful by-products and circular economies. Waste is not always visible on the final packaging, but its impact on brand reputation is no less real. Consumers’ perceptions of a brand can be enhanced when sustainability is improved. label.averydennison.com Matrix Liner Final White paper waste waste label 16% 35% 37% Start-up waste plus Challenge printed End-user The challenge of recycling waste from the labelling process in error scrap - and ideally creating useful by-products - is complex. Many 10% 1% different elements must be addressed in order to move towards the ultimate goal of zero waste. For example, the word ‘recyclable’ can mean many things, and should not be viewed in isolation. Today there is a chance that recyclable products will still end up in landfill, so what matters is establishing genuinely viable end-to-end recycling solutions. That means considering every component within packaging, including where it comes from, how much material has been used, and what happens at every stage of the package’s journey through the value chain. This paper discusses how the sustainability of labelling laminates can be improved, with a particular focus on the label release liners that are left behind once labels have been dispensed. -
4. Printing and Converting Performance
4. Printing and converting performance Paperboard converting 147 Clean edges and surfaces 155 Handling paperboard 158 Offset lithography 160 UV-offset 161 Waterless offset 162 Hybrid offset 162 Flexography 163 Screen printing 164 Digital printing 165 Gravure printing 166 Hot foil stamping 169 Embossing 171 Die-cutting & creasing 174 Lasercutting 178 Scoring 182 Creasabilty & foldability 186 Gluing 194 Binding in practice - the last link 199 Heat sealing 206 Packaging operation 203 Deep drawing 212 146 Reference Manual | IGGESUND PAPERBOARD Paperboard converting Paperboard converting Paperboard has the ability to achieve or exceed the same The increasing demands in the brand promotion process excellent image reproduction as for the best fine papers. for graphic design and the use of non-print surface enhance- Paperboard offers equal possibilities to achieve new, ment are creating innovative shapes and multi-sensory ex- challenging shapes as competing packaging materials. periences for the consumer or user who hand les the product. However, increasing demands on performance of the An understanding of the interaction between paper- material in various converting processes have become board properties and converting effi ciency is essential for evident when speeds in both printing processes and post- designers and converters, since the ultimate design of the press converting have increased. Additionally, the accept- product together with the choice of paperboard will impact ance level for impurities or slight deviations in quality in the on crucial conversion factors like printability, fl atness, and fi nal product has dropped noticeably as a result of both creasing/folding properties. Considering all the variables, end-user demands and the use of modern quality control it is probably true to say that consistency in the behaviour equipment in the various converting machines. -
U.S. Postal Service Mail Addressing Guidelines
U.S. Postal Service Mail Addressing Guidelines Address Placement Placement of the address on the face of an envelope should conform to the following U. S. Postal Service specifications. • The address should be in an area, one inch from each side of the envelope. • The top of the address should be no more than 2 3/4 inches from the bottom of the envelope and the bottom no more than 5/8's of an inch from the bottom of the envelope. • The area 4 1/2 inches by 5/8 's of an inch in the lower right hand corner of the envelope MUST remain empty for bar code placement for any maul that is processed by the Mail Center. Enclosures Correspondence Mail of any kind for transport by the U. S. Postal Service must be enclosed in an appropriate envelope or parcel and sealed. The type of enclosures determine the mailing classification. Non-mailables Several items are listed by the U. S. Postal Service as non-mailable in envelopes: • paper clips • metal pieces • glass, chips • sand. These can jam or damage the mailing machines and can cause serious injury to Mail Center and Postal employees. The following are also classified as non-mailables and subject to return to sender: envelopes and cards less than 3 1/2 inches in height or 5 inches in length. It is recommended that when mailing questionable items to U. S. or foreign destinations, the mailer should contact the Mail Center for assistance. All foreign countries also impose various restrictions. Brochures, letters and newsletters being mailed without an envelope must be folded consistently and must be tabbed with the recommended number of tabs.